Unit 5 A fine balance 单元话题语法填空10篇-2026-2027学年外研版九年级英语上册

**基本信息** 聚焦“大自然与生态系统”主题，采用“基础巩固-重难提升”分层语法填空训练，系统强化语法应用与语篇理解能力，渗透环保意识与跨文化认知。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础语篇巩固练|7篇|语法填空（动词时态/语态、代词、形容词等基础考点）|从基础语法点到简单语篇，围绕生态保护（如鲨鱼、企鹅、湿地）构建“概念理解-语法应用”逻辑链| |重难语篇提升练|3篇|语法填空（复杂时态、非谓语、长难句）|进阶至综合语篇（如科学家事迹、湿地保护），强化“语篇逻辑-语法变式”推导，提升思维品质与学习能力|

Unit 5 A fine balance 单元话题语法填空练习 单元话题：大自然与生态系统 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 聚焦基础，巩固自我 重难语篇提升练 专注提升，挑战自我 ◇考点 01 基础语篇巩固练 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式 (不多于3个单词)。 Many people have heard of shark fin soup. This famous and expensive dish is 1 (especial) popular in southern China. But do you realize that you’re 2 (kill) a whole shark each time you enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup? When people catch sharks, they cut off 3 (they) fins and throw them back into the ocean. This is not only cruel, but also 4 (harm) to the environment. Without a fin, a shark can no longer swim and slowly dies. Sharks are 5 the top of the food chain in the ocean’s ecosystem. If their numbers drop too low, it 6 (bring) danger to all ocean life. Many believe that sharks can never be endangered 7 they are the strongest in their food chain. But in fact, around 70 million sharks 8 (catch) and traded in this industry every year. The numbers of some kinds of sharks have fallen by over 90 percent in the last 20 to 30 years. Environmental protection groups around the world, such as Wild Aid and the WWF, are teaching the public 9 “finning”. They have even asked governments to develop laws to stop the sale of shark fins. So far, no scientific studies 10 (show) that shark fins are good for health, so why eat them? Help save the sharks! 阅读下面的文章，在空白处填入适当的内容 (限1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式，使文章通顺完整。 My name is Pingo. I am a two-year-old emperor penguin (帝企鹅). I live 1 Antarctica (南极洲) with all the other emperor penguins. There are no emperor penguins anywhere else in the world. Together with many other penguins, we make up a group. We spend 2 (we) whole lives here and the temperature can drop to -75℉. We have special 3 (way) of keeping warm. Emperor penguins are 4 (large) penguins in the world. In our group, 5 an emperor penguin is 9 months old, he is fully grown (成年的). The tallest in my group is Pablo—4 feet tall. Emperor penguins are heavy too. Pablo is more than 100 pounds. I’m not as tall as Pablo. A funny thing about us is that we are birds with wings, 6 we can’t fly. We use our wings 7 (help) us swim faster under water. Most emperor penguins live for 15 to 20 years. Polly, a member of our group, will be 38 this year. She’s 8 (real) old as a penguin. I am getting a little worried about 9 future of emperor penguins. The weather is changing in the Antarctic sea. Scientists say we would all die by the year 2100 if it keeps getting warmer and warmer. That’s too bad. Penguins play an important role in our world, so we must 10 (protect) them. Let’s take action! 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Brittany Trilford is a girl who cares about the environment around us. At the age of just 17, Brittany 1 (invite) to give a speech to world leaders on climate change. She believed that only common effort could create 2 more peaceful and cleaner world for all humans. She advised them to stop talking and take action right away 3 (make) real changes. Brittany wanted to protect the beautiful environment she lived in — an environment that would be 4 (serious) influenced by climate change. She wanted world leaders to know the truth. 5 young people could do little to make a difference, they really cared about the environment. She expected governments around the world to clearly know what they should do and make 6 (good) laws than before to improve the situation. Young people cared less about empty promises and they wanted real action. They hoped to see 7 (they) results. After all, simple promises could not solve 8 (problem) . We all know that we are harming our earth now. We have no other home to live in. There is no Planet B, so please, let’s all look 9 this one. As we think more about our living environment, so far Brittany Trilford 10 (set) a good example for us. And now, it’s time for us to do our part. As you may know, coral (珊瑚) is not a plant, but an animal. However, coral reefs (珊瑚礁) around the world are 1 (endanger) . Here is a piece of bad news, Thailand will close one of its beaches to protect its coral 2 business activities for tourists. The beach is 3 famous that millions of tourists put it on their wish lists. More than 5,000 visitors visit it a day. They arrive by boat, which does harm to the coral reefs. Most of the coral 4 (die) since then. The beach will 5 (close) between June and September to let the coral come back to life. Experts say that 80% of Thailand’s coral reefs have been killed. Too many tourists caused a lot of pollution to these beaches. 6 expert said the biggest problems were hotels by the beaches, boats, and plastic waste in the sea. He believed the best 7 (choose) was to close the beaches forever. He said, “I hope the government can take steps 8 (protect) the coral reefs. At the same time, I also hope all of 9 (we) should try our best to protect the environment around us and turn the world into a 10 (good) place.” 阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 An ecosystem includes all the living and non-living things in an area. Ecosystems can be of different sizes, from small ponds to large grasslands. Each ecosystem has a role to play and helps keep the balance 1 all its members and the 2 (great) environment. Wetlands only cover about 6% of the earth’s land area. 3 they are home to around 40% of all the types of plants and animals. Plants in wetlands help get rid of 4 (pollute) and make the water clean. Wetlands can also help prevent floods. During heavy 5 (rain), wetlands store water 6 huge sponges. They act like the “kidneys” of the earth. Forests make up nearly a 7 (three) of the earth’s land area. Plants there take in carbon dioxide from the air and produce oxygen. They also trap 8 (harm) things in their leaves and help clean the air. Therefore, people often call forests the “lungs” of the earth. Each of these ecosystems 9 (support) millions of plants and animals. They keep the planet healthy and make our world a 10 (good) place. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 There is a special family in Taiping, a village in the Baihe River National Nature Reserve (保护区), Sichuan province. They 1 (protect) the nature reserve for many years. The Baihe River National Nature Reserve was set up in the 1960s. Tang Yulin’s great-uncle was one of the first 2 (worker) to move there. He spent more than 20 years in the reserve. He patrolled (巡逻) the mountains every day 3 (keep) the nature reserve safe. Tang’s father also 4 (become) a golden monkey expert and worked at the reserve. Tang is the 5 (three) generation of his family to work as a forest ranger (护林员) in the reserve. He knows exactly every kind of plant and tree in the reserve, making him the 6 (good) “living map” of all the rangers there. Today, the number of golden monkeys in the reserve has doubled. Tang said that besides protecting the animals, he is thinking about how to use the reserve’s resources 7 (wide). “The tourism resources here are really good. We hope to open up the reserve and bring benefits to 8 (we) local people. Meanwhile we don’t want 9 (hurt) the plants and animals,” Mo Cheng, the director of the Baihe River National Nature Reserve said. “With the advance of science, we can achieve some reasonable 10 (develop) while protecting the environment. That gives us hope.” 根据下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Yulin, a city in Shaanxi, China, something amazing happened. It used to be called “Camel City” because of the big Maowusu Desert near it. But now, it has become a 1 (green) city. In 2020, researchers said that 93.24% of the desert was made 2 (good). The Maowusu Desert was once very big and had no trees at all. It was just yellow sand, which often caused sandstorms. The local people wanted to change 3 (they) living environment. So they decided 4 (plant) trees in the 1950s. 5 years of hard work, they have made great achievements in improving the desert. Now, 33% of Yulin 6 (cover) with trees. In the 1950s, it was only 0.9%. This big green project has made the local 7 (people) lives much better. People used to farm in the 8 （tradition) way, 9 now they use new ways and technology to help with their work. And the man-made forests now provide fruits and mushrooms for them. Yulin people succeed in 10 (turn) deserts into forests. Their story shows that if people care about the environment and work hard, they can make a big difference. It serves as an inspiration for desertification (沙漠化) control worldwide. 请认真阅读下面短文，在横线上填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Dear Friends, Have you ever wondered what life would be like without trees? Trees are among the 1 (important) living things on Earth. They provide us with oxygen, food, wood, and medicine. They also make our planet beautiful. A single large tree can produce enough oxygen for four people each day. Trees also absorb carbon dioxide, 2 helps fight climate change. In addition, they prevent soil erosion (侵蚀) and provide homes for countless 3 (animal). 4 (sad), forests around the world are disappearing at an alarming rate. Every year, millions of acres of forest 5 (cut) down for farming, building, and other human activities. This has a terrible effect 6 our environment. The good news is that we can all help. Planting a tree is a simple action 7 makes a big difference. You can also reduce paper waste by using 8 (little) paper and recycling whenever possible. Many countries have started reforestation programs. China, for example, has planted billions of trees over the 9 (past) few decades. These efforts are slowly 10 (help) to restore damaged ecosystems. Remember, every tree counts. What will you do to help protect our forests? Yours sincerely, Environmental Protection Club ◇考点 02 重难语篇提升练 阅读下面的短文，然后将答案写在答题卡相应的位置。如有提示词，则填入提示词的正确形式。如没有提示词，则填入一个恰当的单词。 On 25 September 2017, the scientific world 1 (shake) by the news that Chinese professor Zhong Yang had died in a car accident. 2 well-respected biologist had spent his whole life researching plants and seeds, devoting all his energy to protecting biological resources across the country. Zhong Yang was born in 1964. When he was young, he 3 (actual) showed a deep love and curiosity for the things that he explored every day. He was an excellent student, entering university at the early age of 15. There, he became interested in plants, and he concentrated on botanical studies 4 he mastered plenty of professional knowledge. After becoming a professor at Fudan University, the study of plants, especially seeds, became the focus of his life. He often told his students that every seed carried the hope of nature and deserved careful protection. In 2001, he began his travels across Xizang. It was very difficult for him 5 (brave) the cold weather and great heights. The tough natural environment and long journeys wore him out. He sometimes fell sick, but he always continued 6 his work unless he was too weak to stand. He began a programme to find and train local students in field research to become scientists. Together, he and his team collected more than 40 million seeds from around 1,000 plants, which greatly enriched the global plant database. Their hard work provided the world with lots of new information about 7 (it) native plant resources in China. Zhong Yang left behind more than just a huge 8 (collect) of seeds. His love for his job and research 9 (live) on in his students. Liu Mei, one of his students said that Professor Zhong was really an extraordinary and 10 (inspire) scientist. His perseverance and selfless dedication will always encourage us to stick to our dreams and keep moving forward. Heilongjiang, a province with rich natural resources in northern China, is famous for its beautiful forests and clean rivers. As people pay more attention to environmental protection, great changes have taken place here. Last year, our school organized a volunteer activity 1 (protect) the wetland in Sanjiang Plain (平原). The wetland 2 is home to many rare birds like red-crowned cranes, plays an important role in balancing the natural system. During the activity, we learned how to sort waste 3 (proper) and plant young trees along the riverbank. A local scientist gave us a talk about recycling energy. He said, “We should use more solar and wind energy instead of coal 4 they are clean and never pollute. “He also mentioned that there are the most wind farms 5 help reduce air pollution in Heilongjiang now. It’s important for us to take action to protect our hometown. We can go to school by bike or on foot instead of taking cars, which is good for both the environment and our health. Besides, we should tell our family and friends about the importance of environmental protection. With everyone’s efforts, Heilongjiang 6 (visit) by millions of southern people. Heilongjiang will become 7 (beautiful) than before in the future. We will all be pleased 8 Heilongjiang, and the forests will be greener. 9 (compare) with the other provinces, Heilongjiang has its special scenery. Remember: small actions can make a big difference. Let’s work together to build a greener and healthier Heilongjiang for 10 next generation (一代人). 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 A fine balance 单元话题语法填空练习 单元话题：大自然与生态系统 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 聚焦基础，巩固自我 重难语篇提升练 专注提升，挑战自我 ◇考点 01 基础语篇巩固练 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式 (不多于3个单词)。 Many people have heard of shark fin soup. This famous and expensive dish is 1 (especial) popular in southern China. But do you realize that you’re 2 (kill) a whole shark each time you enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup? When people catch sharks, they cut off 3 (they) fins and throw them back into the ocean. This is not only cruel, but also 4 (harm) to the environment. Without a fin, a shark can no longer swim and slowly dies. Sharks are 5 the top of the food chain in the ocean’s ecosystem. If their numbers drop too low, it 6 (bring) danger to all ocean life. Many believe that sharks can never be endangered 7 they are the strongest in their food chain. But in fact, around 70 million sharks 8 (catch) and traded in this industry every year. The numbers of some kinds of sharks have fallen by over 90 percent in the last 20 to 30 years. Environmental protection groups around the world, such as Wild Aid and the WWF, are teaching the public 9 “finning”. They have even asked governments to develop laws to stop the sale of shark fins. So far, no scientific studies 10 (show) that shark fins are good for health, so why eat them? Help save the sharks! 【答案】 1．especially 2．killing 3．their 4．harmful 5．at 6．will bring 7．because 8．are caught 9．about 10．have shown 【导语】本文介绍了鱼翅汤在中国南方的流行导致鲨鱼被大量割鳍捕杀，这种行为既残忍又危害海洋生态，环保组织正呼吁抵制并推动立法禁止鱼翅交易，且目前无科学研究证明鱼翅有益健康，呼吁人们保护鲨鱼。 1．句意：这道名贵的菜肴在中国南方尤其受欢迎。根据“This famous and expensive dish is...popular in southern China.”可知，此处需要副词修饰形容词popular，用来强调受欢迎的程度，“especial”的副词形式是“especially”，表示“尤其，特别”，符合语境。故填especially。 2．句意：但你是否意识到，每次享用一碗鱼翅汤时，你都在杀死一整条鲨鱼？根据“But do you realize that you’re...a whole shark each time you enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup?”可知，句中be动词are后接动词的现在分词形式，构成现在进行时，强调动作正在发生，“kill”的现在分词是“killing”，符合语境。故填killing。 3．句意：当人们捕捉鲨鱼时，他们割下它们的鱼鳍，然后把鲨鱼扔回海里。根据“When people catch sharks, they cut off...fins and throw them back into the ocean.”可知，此处需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词fins，“they”的形容词性物主代词是“their”，表示“它们的”，指代鲨鱼的，符合语境。故填their。 4．句意：这不仅残忍，而且对环境有害。根据“This is not only cruel, but also...to the environment.”可知，句中“be harmful to”是固定搭配，意为“对……有害”，“harm”的形容词形式是“harmful”，符合该搭配和语境。故填harmful。 5．句意：鲨鱼在海洋生态系统的食物链顶端。根据“Sharks are...the top of the food chain in the ocean’s ecosystem.”可知，句中“at the top of”是固定搭配，意为“在……的顶端”，介词at符合该搭配和语境。故填at。 6．句意：如果它们的数量下降得太低，会给所有海洋生物带来危险。根据“If their numbers drop too low, it...danger to all ocean life.”可知，本句是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时，主句需用一般将来时，其结构为“will + 动词原形”，“bring”用原形即可，符合语法规则和语境。故填will bring。 7．句意：许多人认为鲨鱼永远不会濒临灭绝，因为它们是食物链中最强的。根据“Many believe that sharks can never be endangered...they are the strongest in their food chain.”可知，后句“它们是食物链中最强的”是前句“鲨鱼永远不会濒临灭绝”的原因，连词because表示“因为”，用来引导原因状语从句，符合语境。故填because。 8．句意：但事实上，每年大约有7000万条鲨鱼在这个行业中被捕获并交易。根据“But in fact, around 70 million sharks...and traded in this industry every year.”可知，句中主语sharks和谓语动词catch之间是被动关系，且根据“every year”可知用一般现在时，一般现在时的被动语态结构为“am/is/are + 过去分词”，主语是复数，用are，“catch”的过去分词是caught，符合语法规则和语境。故填are caught。 9．句意：世界各地的环保组织，如野生救援协会和世界自然基金会，正在教公众了解“割鳍行为”。根据“teach sb. about sth.”是固定搭配，意为“教某人关于某事”，此处用“about”符合语境。故填about。   10．句意：到目前为止，还没有科学研究表明鱼翅对健康有益，那为什么还要吃呢？根据“So far, no scientific studies...that shark fins are good for health, so why eat them?”可知，句中“So far”是现在完成时的标志词，其结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，主语no scientific studies是复数，用have，“show”的过去分词是shown，符合语法规则和语境。故填have shown。 阅读下面的文章，在空白处填入适当的内容 (限1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式，使文章通顺完整。 My name is Pingo. I am a two-year-old emperor penguin (帝企鹅). I live 1 Antarctica (南极洲) with all the other emperor penguins. There are no emperor penguins anywhere else in the world. Together with many other penguins, we make up a group. We spend 2 (we) whole lives here and the temperature can drop to -75℉. We have special 3 (way) of keeping warm. Emperor penguins are 4 (large) penguins in the world. In our group, 5 an emperor penguin is 9 months old, he is fully grown (成年的). The tallest in my group is Pablo—4 feet tall. Emperor penguins are heavy too. Pablo is more than 100 pounds. I’m not as tall as Pablo. A funny thing about us is that we are birds with wings, 6 we can’t fly. We use our wings 7 (help) us swim faster under water. Most emperor penguins live for 15 to 20 years. Polly, a member of our group, will be 38 this year. She’s 8 (real) old as a penguin. I am getting a little worried about 9 future of emperor penguins. The weather is changing in the Antarctic sea. Scientists say we would all die by the year 2100 if it keeps getting warmer and warmer. That’s too bad. Penguins play an important role in our world, so we must 10 (protect) them. Let’s take action! 【答案】 1．in 2．our 3．ways 4．the largest 5．when 6．but 7．to help 8．really 9．the 10．protect 【导语】本文以帝企鹅平戈的口吻，介绍了帝企鹅的栖息地、保暖方式、体型特点、习性及生存现状，呼吁保护它们。 1．句意：我和其他所有帝企鹅一起生活在南极洲。live in是固定搭配，后接大地点，南极洲属于大地点。故填in。 2．句意：我们在这里度过我们的一生，气温会降到华氏零下75度。空格后是名词短语whole lives，需要用形容词性物主代词修饰，we的形容词性物主代词是our。故填our。 3．句意：我们有特殊的保暖方法。way是可数名词，前面没有不定冠词修饰，此处需要用复数形式ways表示泛指。故填ways。 4．句意：帝企鹅是世界上最大的企鹅。根据“in the world”可知，此处是在限定范围内进行比较，要用形容词的最高级形式，large的最高级是largest，形容词最高级前要加定冠词the。故填the largest。 5．句意：在我们族群里，当一只帝企鹅9个月大的时候，它就完全成年了。根据“an emperor penguin is 9 months old, he is fully grown (成年的)”可知，此处需要一个连词引导时间状语从句，when意为“当……时”，符合语境。故填when。 6．句意：关于我们一件有趣的事是，我们是有翅膀的鸟，但我们不会飞。根据“A funny thing about us is that we are birds with wings...we can’t fly.”可知，前半句和后半句是转折关系，but意为“但是”，表转折。故填but。 7．句意：我们用我们的翅膀来帮助我们在水下游得更快。use sth. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“用某物做某事”，所以此处用动词不定式to help。故填to help。 8．句意：作为一只企鹅，她真的很老了。空格后是形容词old，需要用副词来修饰，real的副词形式是really。故填really。 9．句意：我有点担心帝企鹅的未来。此处特指帝企鹅的未来，需要用定冠词the。故填the。 10．句意：企鹅在我们的世界里扮演着重要的角色，所以我们必须保护它们。must是情态动词，情态动词后接动词原形。故填protect。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Brittany Trilford is a girl who cares about the environment around us. At the age of just 17, Brittany 1 (invite) to give a speech to world leaders on climate change. She believed that only common effort could create 2 more peaceful and cleaner world for all humans. She advised them to stop talking and take action right away 3 (make) real changes. Brittany wanted to protect the beautiful environment she lived in — an environment that would be 4 (serious) influenced by climate change. She wanted world leaders to know the truth. 5 young people could do little to make a difference, they really cared about the environment. She expected governments around the world to clearly know what they should do and make 6 (good) laws than before to improve the situation. Young people cared less about empty promises and they wanted real action. They hoped to see 7 (they) results. After all, simple promises could not solve 8 (problem) . We all know that we are harming our earth now. We have no other home to live in. There is no Planet B, so please, let’s all look 9 this one. As we think more about our living environment, so far Brittany Trilford 10 (set) a good example for us. And now, it’s time for us to do our part. 【答案】 1．was invited 2．a 3．to make 4．seriously 5．Although/Though 6．better 7．their 8．problems 9．after 10．has set 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了17岁女孩Brittany Trilford受邀向世界领导人发表气候变化主题演讲的经历，介绍了她对环境保护的看法与呼吁，倡导人们共同守护地球家园。 1．句意：年仅17岁时，Brittany受邀向世界各国领导人发表关于气候变化的演讲。主语Brittany和动词invite之间是被动关系，且讲述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态。 2．句意：她相信只有共同努力，才能为全人类创造一个更和平、更洁净的世界。world为可数名词单数，more是以辅音音素开头的单词，此处表示泛指，用不定冠词a。 3．句意：她建议他们停止空谈，立刻采取行动以做出真正的改变。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，说明采取行动的目的。 4．句意：Brittany想要保护她生活的美丽环境——一个会受到气候变化严重影响的环境。修饰动词influenced需要用副词形式。 5．句意：年轻人能做的改变有限，但他们确实很关心环境问题。前后两分句存在让步转折关系，意为“虽然，尽管”，句首首字母大写，填Although或Though均可。 6．句意：她希望世界各国政府能清楚自己的职责，制定比以往更好的法律来改善现状。根据后文的than before可知此处用形容词比较级。 7．句意：他们希望看到属于自己的成果。修饰名词results需要用形容词性物主代词。 8．句意：毕竟，空洞的承诺无法解决各类问题。problem为可数名词，此处表示泛指各类环境问题，用复数形式。 9．句意：没有第二个地球，所以请让我们一起爱护这个星球。固定搭配look after意为“照顾，爱护”，符合语境。 10．句意：随着我们越来越关注生存环境，到目前为止，Brittany Trilford已经为我们树立了良好的榜样。主语为第三人称单数，时间状语so far是现在完成时的标志。 As you may know, coral (珊瑚) is not a plant, but an animal. However, coral reefs (珊瑚礁) around the world are 1 (endanger) . Here is a piece of bad news, Thailand will close one of its beaches to protect its coral 2 business activities for tourists. The beach is 3 famous that millions of tourists put it on their wish lists. More than 5,000 visitors visit it a day. They arrive by boat, which does harm to the coral reefs. Most of the coral 4 (die) since then. The beach will 5 (close) between June and September to let the coral come back to life. Experts say that 80% of Thailand’s coral reefs have been killed. Too many tourists caused a lot of pollution to these beaches. 6 expert said the biggest problems were hotels by the beaches, boats, and plastic waste in the sea. He believed the best 7 (choose) was to close the beaches forever. He said, “I hope the government can take steps 8 (protect) the coral reefs. At the same time, I also hope all of 9 (we) should try our best to protect the environment around us and turn the world into a 10 (good) place.” 【答案】 1．endangered 2．from 3．so 4．has died 5．be closed 6．An 7．choice 8．to protect 9．us 10．better 【导语】本文介绍了泰国大量珊瑚礁因游客活动遭到破坏，政府决定关闭海滩保护珊瑚，并呼吁人们保护环境、守护海洋生态。 1．句意：然而，世界各地的珊瑚礁正处于濒危状态。此处修饰名词coral reefs，需用形容词作表语，endanger的形容词形式为endangered，表示“濒危的”。 2．句意：泰国将关闭一处海滩，保护珊瑚免受游客商业活动的伤害。固定搭配protect...from...表示“保护……免受……伤害”。 3．句意：这片海滩非常有名，以至于数百万游客将它列入心愿清单。固定句式so...that...表示“如此……以至于……”，so修饰形容词famous。 4．句意：从那以后，大部分珊瑚已经死亡。句中since then是现在完成时的标志，主语coral为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。 5．句意：这片海滩将于六月至九月被关闭，让珊瑚恢复生机。主语the beach和动词close是被动关系，will后接be动词加动词过去分词。 6．句意：一位专家表示最大的问题是海边的酒店、船只和海里的塑料垃圾。此处表示泛指一位专家，expert是以元音音素开头的单词，句首首字母大写。 7．句意：他认为最好的选择是永久关闭海滩。形容词best后需接名词，choose的名词形式为choice，表示“选择”。 8．句意：我希望政府采取措施保护珊瑚礁。固定搭配take steps to do sth.表示“采取措施做某事”，此处用动词不定式作目的状语。 9．句意：同时，我也希望我们所有人都尽力保护身边的环境。介词of后接人称代词宾格作宾语，we的宾格形式为us。 10．句意：把世界变成一个更美好的地方。结合语境可知，此处暗含对比，希望环境变得比现在更好，需用形容词比较级，good的比较级为better。 阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 An ecosystem includes all the living and non-living things in an area. Ecosystems can be of different sizes, from small ponds to large grasslands. Each ecosystem has a role to play and helps keep the balance 1 all its members and the 2 (great) environment. Wetlands only cover about 6% of the earth’s land area. 3 they are home to around 40% of all the types of plants and animals. Plants in wetlands help get rid of 4 (pollute) and make the water clean. Wetlands can also help prevent floods. During heavy 5 (rain), wetlands store water 6 huge sponges. They act like the “kidneys” of the earth. Forests make up nearly a 7 (three) of the earth’s land area. Plants there take in carbon dioxide from the air and produce oxygen. They also trap 8 (harm) things in their leaves and help clean the air. Therefore, people often call forests the “lungs” of the earth. Each of these ecosystems 9 (support) millions of plants and animals. They keep the planet healthy and make our world a 10 (good) place. 【答案】 1．between 2．greater 3．But 4．pollution 5．rain 6．like 7．third 8．harmful 9．supports 10．better 【导语】本文讲述了生态系统包含区域内所有生物与非生物要素，介绍了湿地、森林等不同生态系统的作用，说明它们维持着成员与环境的平衡，让地球保持健康、让世界更美好。 1．句意：每个生态系统都扮演着角色，帮助保持其所有成员和更大环境之间的平衡。固定搭配“keep the balance between...and...”，意为“保持……和……之间的平衡”，表示两者之间的关系。 2．句意：每个生态系统都扮演着角色，帮助保持其所有成员和更大环境之间的平衡。括号内所给词为great，结合上下文需用形容词比较级，表示“更大的环境”，与“所有成员”形成对比，强调环境的范围更大。 3．句意：湿地仅占地球陆地面积的约6%，但它们是约40%的动植物种类的家园。前半句说明湿地面积小，后半句说明其对动植物的重要性，前后为转折关系，需用转折连词but，句首首字母大写。 4．句意：湿地中的植物有助于清除污染并使水变干净。 get rid of后需接名词作宾语， pollute的名词形式为pollution（不可数名词）。 5．句意：在大雨期间，湿地像巨大的海绵一样储存水。 heavy修饰名词，rain作“雨水”讲时为不可数名词，此处表示“大雨期间”，用原形即可。 6．句意：在大雨期间，湿地像巨大的海绵一样储存水。 固定搭配“act like...”，意为“像……一样运作/起作用”，表示湿地储存水的方式像海绵。 7．句意：森林约占地球陆地面积的三分之一。表示分数时，分母用序数词，a third表示“三分之一”，为分数表达法“a+序数词”，three的序数词为third。 8．句意：它们还在叶子中捕获有害物质并帮助净化空气。此处需用形容词修饰名词things，harm的形容词形式为harmful（有害的）。 9．句意：这些生态系统中的每一个都支撑着数百万的动植物。主语Each of these ecosystems为单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式supports。 10．句意：它们保持地球健康，并使我们的世界成为一个更好的地方。结合上下文，此处暗含与之前状态的比较，即“使世界变得更美好”，需用形容词比较级better（更好的）。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 There is a special family in Taiping, a village in the Baihe River National Nature Reserve (保护区), Sichuan province. They 1 (protect) the nature reserve for many years. The Baihe River National Nature Reserve was set up in the 1960s. Tang Yulin’s great-uncle was one of the first 2 (worker) to move there. He spent more than 20 years in the reserve. He patrolled (巡逻) the mountains every day 3 (keep) the nature reserve safe. Tang’s father also 4 (become) a golden monkey expert and worked at the reserve. Tang is the 5 (three) generation of his family to work as a forest ranger (护林员) in the reserve. He knows exactly every kind of plant and tree in the reserve, making him the 6 (good) “living map” of all the rangers there. Today, the number of golden monkeys in the reserve has doubled. Tang said that besides protecting the animals, he is thinking about how to use the reserve’s resources 7 (wide). “The tourism resources here are really good. We hope to open up the reserve and bring benefits to 8 (we) local people. Meanwhile we don’t want 9 (hurt) the plants and animals,” Mo Cheng, the director of the Baihe River National Nature Reserve said. “With the advance of science, we can achieve some reasonable 10 (develop) while protecting the environment. That gives us hope.” 【答案】 1．have protected 2．workers 3．to keep 4．became 5．third 6．best 7．widely 8．our 9．to hurt 10．development 【导语】本文讲述了四川白河国家级自然保护区中，护林员唐家三代人接力守护保护区的故事，展现了他们对自然保护的坚守与传承。 1．句意：他们多年来一直在保护这个自然保护区。“for many years”表示动作从过去持续到现在，需用现在完成时，用have protected。 2．句意：唐玉林的叔公是第一批搬到那里的工人之一。“one of the+复数名词”表示“……之一”，worker需用复数形式workers。 3．句意：他每天巡逻山林，以保护自然保护区的安全。此处用不定式作目的状语，表示“为了保护”，用to keep。 4．句意：唐的父亲也成为了一名金丝猴专家，并在保护区工作。根据后文“worked”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，become需用过去式became。 5．句意：唐是他家族中第三代在保护区担任护林员的人。此处表示“第三”，需用序数词third。 6．句意：他完全了解保护区里的每一种植物和树木，使他成为所有护林员中最好的“活地图”。“of all the rangers”表示范围，需用形容词最高级，good的最高级为best。 7．句意：唐说，除了保护动物，他还在考虑如何广泛利用保护区的资源。此处修饰动词“use”，需用副词形式，wide的副词为widely。 8．句意：我们希望开放保护区，给我们当地人民带来好处。此处修饰名词people，需用形容词性物主代词，we的形容词性物主代词是our。 9．句意：同时，我们不想伤害动植物。“want to do sth.”是固定搭配，表示“想要做某事”，用to hurt。 10．句意：随着科学的进步，我们可以在保护环境的同时实现合理的发展。形容词“reasonable”后需接名词，develop的名词形式为development。 根据下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Yulin, a city in Shaanxi, China, something amazing happened. It used to be called “Camel City” because of the big Maowusu Desert near it. But now, it has become a 1 (green) city. In 2020, researchers said that 93.24% of the desert was made 2 (good). The Maowusu Desert was once very big and had no trees at all. It was just yellow sand, which often caused sandstorms. The local people wanted to change 3 (they) living environment. So they decided 4 (plant) trees in the 1950s. 5 years of hard work, they have made great achievements in improving the desert. Now, 33% of Yulin 6 (cover) with trees. In the 1950s, it was only 0.9%. This big green project has made the local 7 (people) lives much better. People used to farm in the 8 （tradition) way, 9 now they use new ways and technology to help with their work. And the man-made forests now provide fruits and mushrooms for them. Yulin people succeed in 10 (turn) deserts into forests. Their story shows that if people care about the environment and work hard, they can make a big difference. It serves as an inspiration for desertification (沙漠化) control worldwide. 【答案】 1．greener 2．better 3．their 4．to plant 5．After 6．is covered 7．people’s 8．traditional 9．but 10．turning 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了陕西榆林毛乌素沙漠从荒漠变绿洲的生态治理故事，展现了当地人民通过数十年植树造林，改善沙漠环境、改变生活方式的成就，传递了环保与实干的价值。 1．句意：但现在，它已经变成了一座更绿意盎然的城市。前文提到过去叫“骆驼城”，靠近沙漠；后文讲沙漠治理变好，此处隐含对比，需用形容词green的比较级，表示环境改善。 2．句意：2020年，研究人员表示，沙漠中93.24%的区域都变得更好了。固定搭配“make sth.+形容词”表示“使某物变得……”，结合语境是“变得更好”，需用形容词good的比较级，体现治理后的改善。 3．句意：当地人想要改变他们的居住环境。修饰名词“living environment”，需用形容词性物主代词，此处填they的形容词性物主代词，表示“他们的”。 4．句意：所以他们在20世纪50年代决定种树。固定搭配“decide to do sth.”表示“决定做某事”，此处需用动词不定式。    5．句意：在多年的努力工作后，他们在改善沙漠方面取得了巨大成就。根据逻辑，“取得成就”是在“多年努力”之后，用介词After“在……之后”，句首首字母需大写。 6．句意：现在，33%的榆林市被树木覆盖。主语“33% of Yulin”与“cover”是被动关系，需用被动语态；主语是单数，时态为一般现在时，此处应用一般现在时的被动语态。 7．句意：这个大型绿色项目让当地人们的生活变得更好了。修饰名词“lives”，需用名词所有格表示“人们的生活”，此处需用名词people的所有格。 8．句意：人们过去用传统的方式耕种。修饰名词“way”，需用形容词，此处应用名词tradition的形容词形式，表示“传统的”。 9．句意：但是现在他们可以使用新方法和技术来帮助他们的工作。前文讲“过去用传统方式”，后文讲“现在用新方法”，前后是转折关系，用连词but“但是”。 10．句意：榆林人成功地把沙漠变成了森林。固定搭配“succeed in doing sth.”表示“成功做某事”，此处需用turn的动名词形式。 请认真阅读下面短文，在横线上填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Dear Friends, Have you ever wondered what life would be like without trees? Trees are among the 1 (important) living things on Earth. They provide us with oxygen, food, wood, and medicine. They also make our planet beautiful. A single large tree can produce enough oxygen for four people each day. Trees also absorb carbon dioxide, 2 helps fight climate change. In addition, they prevent soil erosion (侵蚀) and provide homes for countless 3 (animal). 4 (sad), forests around the world are disappearing at an alarming rate. Every year, millions of acres of forest 5 (cut) down for farming, building, and other human activities. This has a terrible effect 6 our environment. The good news is that we can all help. Planting a tree is a simple action 7 makes a big difference. You can also reduce paper waste by using 8 (little) paper and recycling whenever possible. Many countries have started reforestation programs. China, for example, has planted billions of trees over the 9 (past) few decades. These efforts are slowly 10 (help) to restore damaged ecosystems. Remember, every tree counts. What will you do to help protect our forests? Yours sincerely, Environmental Protection Club 【答案】 1．most important 2．which 3．animals 4．Sadly 5．are cut 6．on 7．that 8．less 9．past 10．helping 【导语】本文介绍了树木对地球的重要作用，同时指出森林正在以惊人的速度消失，并呼吁大家行动起来保护树木与森林。 1．句意：树木是地球上最重要的生物之一。固定结构“among the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词”表示“在……中最……之一”，important需变为最高级most important。 2．句意：树木还能吸收二氧化碳，这有助于应对气候变化。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为carbon dioxide，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which。 3．句意：此外，它们还能防止水土流失，为无数动物提供家园。此处countless后接可数名词复数表泛指，animal需变为复数形式animals。 4．句意：令人遗憾的是，世界各地的森林正在以惊人的速度消失。此处修饰整个句子，需用副词，sad的副词形式为Sadly。 5．句意：每年，数百万英亩的森林因农业、建筑和其他人类活动而被砍伐。句子为一般现在时的被动语态，主语forests与cut down为被动关系，需用are cut。 6．句意：这对我们的环境造成了严重的影响。固定短语“have an effect on”表示“对……有影响”，应用介词on。 7．句意：种树是一项能带来巨大改变的简单行动。此处为定语从句，先行词为action，关系词在从句中作主语，应用that。 8．句意：你也可以通过减少用纸和尽可能回收利用来减少纸张浪费。此处暗含与过去的对比，需用little的比较级less。 9．句意：例如，在过去的几十年里，中国已经种植了数十亿棵树。固定短语“over the past few decades”表示“在过去的几十年里”，应用形容词past。 10．句意：这些努力正慢慢帮助恢复受损的生态系统。句子为现在进行时，结构为“be + 现在分词”，help需变为现在分词形式helping。 ◇考点 02 重难语篇提升练 阅读下面的短文，然后将答案写在答题卡相应的位置。如有提示词，则填入提示词的正确形式。如没有提示词，则填入一个恰当的单词。 On 25 September 2017, the scientific world 1 (shake) by the news that Chinese professor Zhong Yang had died in a car accident. 2 well-respected biologist had spent his whole life researching plants and seeds, devoting all his energy to protecting biological resources across the country. Zhong Yang was born in 1964. When he was young, he 3 (actual) showed a deep love and curiosity for the things that he explored every day. He was an excellent student, entering university at the early age of 15. There, he became interested in plants, and he concentrated on botanical studies 4 he mastered plenty of professional knowledge. After becoming a professor at Fudan University, the study of plants, especially seeds, became the focus of his life. He often told his students that every seed carried the hope of nature and deserved careful protection. In 2001, he began his travels across Xizang. It was very difficult for him 5 (brave) the cold weather and great heights. The tough natural environment and long journeys wore him out. He sometimes fell sick, but he always continued 6 his work unless he was too weak to stand. He began a programme to find and train local students in field research to become scientists. Together, he and his team collected more than 40 million seeds from around 1,000 plants, which greatly enriched the global plant database. Their hard work provided the world with lots of new information about 7 (it) native plant resources in China. Zhong Yang left behind more than just a huge 8 (collect) of seeds. His love for his job and research 9 (live) on in his students. Liu Mei, one of his students said that Professor Zhong was really an extraordinary and 10 (inspire) scientist. His perseverance and selfless dedication will always encourage us to stick to our dreams and keep moving forward. 【答案】 1．was shaken 2．The 3．actually 4．and 5．to brave 6．with 7．its 8．collection 9．lives 10．inspiring 【导语】本文介绍中国植物学家钟扬的生平事迹及其对生物资源保护的贡献。 1．句意：2017年9月25日，科学界被中国教授钟扬在车祸中去世的消息所震动。主语“the scientific world”与动词“shake”之间是被动关系，时间状语“On 25 September 2017”表示过去的时间，需用一般过去时的被动语态，故用was shaken。 2．句意：这位备受尊敬的生物学家毕生致力于研究植物和种子，全身心投入到保护全国生物资源的事业中。空格后“well-respected biologist”特指前文提到的钟扬教授，需用定冠词The表示特指，位于句首首字母大写。 3．句意：当他年轻时，他实际上对他每天探索的事物表现出了深深的热爱和好奇心。空格处修饰动词“showed”，需用副词作状语，表示“实际上”，actual的副词形式是actually。 4．句意：在那里，他对植物产生了兴趣，专注于植物学研究，并掌握了大量的专业知识。空格前“he concentrated on botanical studies”与空格后“he mastered plenty of professional knowledge”是顺承关系，需用连词and连接。 5．句意：对他来说，勇敢地面对寒冷天气和高海拔是非常困难的。此处应用“It was+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”句型表示“对某人来说，做某事是……的”，It是形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语，brave在此处作动词，意为“勇敢面对”，故用to brave。 6．句意：他有时会生病，但他总是继续他的工作，除非他虚弱得站不起来。“continue with sth.”是动词短语，意为“继续某事”，with后接名词。 7．句意：他们的艰苦工作为世界提供了许多关于中国本土植物资源的新信息。空格后“native plant resources”是名词短语，需用形容词性物主代词作定语，it对应的形容词性物主代词是its。 8．句意：钟扬留下的不仅仅是一笔巨大的种子收藏。形容词“huge”后需接名词，且“a”后接单数名词，collect的名词形式是collection。 9．句意：他对工作和研究的热爱在他的学生身上延续。主语“His love”是第三人称单数，句子描述客观事实，需用一般现在时，live的第三人称单数形式是lives，live on意为“继续存在、延续”。 10．句意：刘梅，他的学生之一，曾说过钟教授真的是一位非凡且鼓舞人心的科学家。空格处与“extraordinary”并列修饰名词“scientist”，需用形容词形式，inspire的形容词形式inspiring意为“鼓舞人心的”，符合语境。 Heilongjiang, a province with rich natural resources in northern China, is famous for its beautiful forests and clean rivers. As people pay more attention to environmental protection, great changes have taken place here. Last year, our school organized a volunteer activity 1 (protect) the wetland in Sanjiang Plain (平原). The wetland 2 is home to many rare birds like red-crowned cranes, plays an important role in balancing the natural system. During the activity, we learned how to sort waste 3 (proper) and plant young trees along the riverbank. A local scientist gave us a talk about recycling energy. He said, “We should use more solar and wind energy instead of coal 4 they are clean and never pollute. “He also mentioned that there are the most wind farms 5 help reduce air pollution in Heilongjiang now. It’s important for us to take action to protect our hometown. We can go to school by bike or on foot instead of taking cars, which is good for both the environment and our health. Besides, we should tell our family and friends about the importance of environmental protection. With everyone’s efforts, Heilongjiang 6 (visit) by millions of southern people. Heilongjiang will become 7 (beautiful) than before in the future. We will all be pleased 8 Heilongjiang, and the forests will be greener. 9 (compare) with the other provinces, Heilongjiang has its special scenery. Remember: small actions can make a big difference. Let’s work together to build a greener and healthier Heilongjiang for 10 next generation (一代人). 【答案】 1．to protect 2．which/that 3．properly 4．because 5．that 6．will be visited 7．more beautiful 8．with 9．Compared 10．the 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国黑龙江省因重视环境保护发生了巨大变化，介绍了学校组织志愿者保护三江平原湿地的活动，以及黑龙江在环保方面的举措、未来发展前景和独特的自然风光，呼吁人们共同建设更绿色、健康的黑龙江。 1．句意：去年，我们学校组织了一场志愿者活动来保护三江平原的湿地。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，说明组织活动的目的是保护湿地。 2．句意：这片湿地是丹顶鹤等许多珍稀鸟类的栖息地。此处为定语从句，先行词The wetland指物，在从句中作主语，关系代词可用which或that。 3．句意：在活动期间，我们学会了如何正确分类垃圾，以及在河岸种植小树苗。此处需用副词修饰动词sort，proper的副词形式为properly。 4．句意：他说：“我们应该更多地使用太阳能和风能，而不是煤炭，因为它们清洁且永远不会造成污染。”。前后句为因果关系，后一句说明前一句做法的原因，需用because引导。 5．句意：他还提到，黑龙江现在拥有最多的风力发电场，有助于减少空气污染。此处是定语从句，先行词是wind farms，被most修饰，用that引导定语从句。 6．句意：在大家的共同努力下，黑龙江将被数百万南方游客到访。主语Heilongjiang与动词visit为被动关系，且in the future表明用一般将来时，需用一般将来时的被动语态will be visited。 7．句意：未来黑龙江会变得比以前更美丽。由than可知，此处需用形容词的比较级，beautiful的比较级为more beautiful。 8．句意：我们都会对黑龙江感到满意。be pleased with为固定搭配，意为“对……感到满意”。 9．句意：与其他省份相比，黑龙江有其独特的风光。compared with为固定搭配，意为“与……相比”，此处为过去分词短语作状语，句首首字母大写。 10．句意：让我们共同努力，为下一代建设一个更绿色、更健康的黑龙江。the next generation为固定表达，意为“下一代”，此处表特指，需用定冠词the。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $