综训06 GVC-语法、词汇、完形组合练（I）（综合训练）（上海专用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

**基本信息** 聚焦语法、词汇、完形三维整合，通过上海名校高三真题构建“基础语法-语境词汇-语篇逻辑”递进训练体系，提升语言综合运用能力与思维品质。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法填空（A）|2套（各1篇）|给定词变形与自由填空结合，考查时态、从句、非谓语等核心语法|从单句语法规则到语篇语境应用，构建“形式-意义-使用”语法知识链| |词汇选择（B）|2套（各1篇）|12选10方框选词，聚焦动词、名词、形容词等实词辨析|依托主题语境（如橄榄油产业、喷嚏反射）实现词汇在语篇中的精准匹配| |完形填空（C）|2套（各1篇）|35空四选一，侧重上下文逻辑与词义复现|以社会现象（如Z世代特征、手工疗愈）为载体，训练语篇连贯与逻辑推断能力|

综训06：GVC -语法、词汇、完形组合练 （满分：70分，推荐用时：60分钟） 第一套 A 【来源】上海市杨浦区复旦大学附属中学2025-2026学年高三下学期期末毕业考英语试题 Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Why is Art so Powerful? Perhaps the simplest answer to this question is that art touches us emotionally. Art is powerful 1 it can potentially influence our culture, politics, and even the economy. When we see a powerful work of art, you feel 2 touching deep within your core, giving us the power to make real-life changes. It has the power to educate people about almost anything. It creates awareness and presents information in a way that could be absorbed by many easily. In a world 3 there are those who don’t even have access to good education, art makes education an even 4 (great) equalizer of society. It breaks cultural, social, and economic barriers. While art hardly really solves poverty or promotes social justice   5 its own, it can be used as a leveled playing field for discourse and expression. The reason why everyone can relate to art is 6 everyone has emotions and personal experiences. Therefore, anyone can learn to appreciate art regardless of their social background, economic standing or political affiliation. It accesses higher orders of thinking. Art doesn’t just make you absorb information. Rather, it makes you think about current ideas and inspire you   7 (make) your own. This is why creativity is a form of intelligence — it is a special ability that unlocks the potential of the human mind. In fact, studies have shown that exposure to art can make you better in other fields of knowledge. The truth is that people have recognized how powerful art can be. Many times in history have we heard of people   8 (criticize), threatened, censored, and even killed because of their artwork. Those responsible for these reactions, may it be an aggressive government or a dissident (持不同政见的) group, 9 (take) these measures against artists knowing how much their works can affect the politics in a 10 (give) area. In the hands of good people, however, art can be used to give back hope or instill courage in a society that’s undergoing a lot of hardships. 【答案】 1．because 2．it 3．where 4．greater 5．on 6．that 7．to make 8．being criticized 9．take 10．given 【导语】本文主要探讨了艺术为何具有强大的力量，从情感触动、教育功能、打破界限、激发高阶思维以及历史上因其影响力而遭受打压等多个角度进行了阐述。 【详解】1．考查连词。句意：艺术之所以强大，是因为它有可能影响我们的文化、政治甚至经济。分析句子逻辑，后文是前文“艺术强大”的原因，应用连词because引导原因状语从句。 2．考查代词。句意：当我们看到一件强大的艺术作品时，你会感觉到它深深地触动你的内心，赋予我们改变现实的力量。代词it指代前文的a powerful work of art（震撼的艺术作品），作 feel 的宾语。 3．考查定语从句。句意：在一个并非所有人都有机会获得良好教育的世界，艺术使教育成为社会更伟大的平衡器。此处为定语从句，修饰先行词world。先行词表示地点，且在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。 4．考查形容词比较级。句意同上。根据空前的even（甚至）可知，此处应用形容词great的比较级greater，表示“更伟大的”，作定语。 5．考查固定搭配。句意：虽然艺术本身几乎无法真正解决贫困或促进社会正义，但它可以作为一个公平的竞争平台用于讨论和表达。on one’s own 是固定搭配，意为“独自地，独立地”。此处用on its own表示“艺术自身”。 6．考查表语从句。句意：每个人都能与艺术产生共鸣的原因是每个人都有情感和个人经历。The reason why… is that… 是固定句型，意为“……的原因是……”，that引导表语从句。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：相反，它让你思考当下的观念，并激励你去创造你自己的观念。inspire sb. to do sth. 是固定搭配，意为“激励某人做某事”。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：在历史上，我们多次听说人们因为他们的作品而受到批评、威胁、审查甚至杀害。hear of sb./sth. doing sth. 意为“听说某人/某事做某事”。people与动词criticize之间是被动关系，且criticize的动作与谓语动词heard of同时发生，应用动名词的被动形式being criticized。 9．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：那些对这些（反应）负责的人，无论是激进的政府还是持不同政见的团体，采取这些措施来对付艺术家，是因为他们知道艺术家的作品能在特定地区对政治产生多大的影响。may it be...or...（无论是…… 还是……）是插入语，不影响主句谓语，空处为句子谓语，本句的主语是“Those responsible for these reactions”，为复数，且陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，谓语动词用原形。 10．考查形容词。句意同上。此处修饰名词area，应用形容词形式作定语。given可作形容词，意为“特定的，指定的”。 B 【来源】上海市七宝中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期末考试英语试卷 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Do note that there is one word more than you need. A．dominated     B．approach      C． sights    D．cultivates      E. extended    F. pursuits G. shift       H. traces      I. scale        J. overvalued      K. blow   It began with a case of homesickness. Missing his family’s olive gardens in Baasir, Samir left his engineering job abroad and returned to Lebanon. Farming had long been family 11 , and he aimed to revive it — and Lebanon’s fading olive-oil industry, which 12 its roots all the way back to ancient times. He later launched Genco Olive Oil, his own company. He is not alone. A short drive from Baasir lives Walid, who managed to convert wheat fields into olive groves in 2010, and his company now grows Italian varieties. In the mountains, Perini 13 another variety, Souri, on her 14 family’s land and calls her hometown the “Bordeaux (法国城市波尔多) of olive oil”. Unfortunately, they all face the same challenge. Although olive oil once 15 Lebanese cooking, many households have replaced it with imported vegetable oil, which recently became quite cheap thanks to the 16 Lebanese pound. At the same time, many smallholder farmers have let the quality of their product decline, causing consumption to fall to just a tenth of what the average Spaniard consumes. The economic crisis makes things worse. The country produces little, so nearly everything, from bottles to fertilizers, must be imported using dollars. As the Lebanese pounds plunge in value, prices rises and dollars becomes scarce. There is also a shortage of fuel, which will be needed to run machines that press olives for oil once the annual harvests 17 . And then there is the pandemic, which delivered a severe 18 to restaurants, major buyers of extra-virgin olive oil. But Lebanese producers have their 19 set on the global market and believe they can rival those leading manufacturers from Spain and Italy in terms of quality, if not 20 . Their labels have won numerous awards, which helps Lebanese olive oil gradually win loyal international customers. 【答案】 11．F 12．H 13．D 14．E 15．A 16．J 17．B 18．K 19．C 20．I 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了以Samir为代表的黎巴嫩人为振奋家乡橄榄油产业所作出的贡献以及面临的挑战。 【详解】11．考查名词。句意：长期以来，农业一直是家庭的追求，他致力于振兴农业，以及黎巴嫩衰落的橄榄油产业，其根源可以追溯到古代。根据空前family可知，空处应用名词。根据空前“Farming had long been family”可知，农业一直是当地家庭所追求的事业，pursuits意为“追求，事业”，这里指不止一家的追求，用名词复数。故选F。 12．考查动词。句意参考上题，which引导非限制性定语从句，指代olive-oil industry，且在从句中作主语，所以空处应用动词作从句谓语。根据空后“its roots all the way back to ancient times”可知，黎巴嫩的橄榄油产业可以追溯到古代。traces意为“追踪，追溯”，其主语olive-oil industry为单数，且陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，且谓语用单数。故选H。 13．考查动词。句意：在山区，Perini在她大家族的土地上种植了另一种品种Souri，并称她的家乡为“橄榄油的波尔多”。空处和calls并列，应用动词的单数形式，作谓语。根据空后“another variety, Souri”可知，这里指种植Souri这种橄榄。cultivates意为“种植，栽培，培育”。故选D。 14．考查形容词。句意参考上题。空处修饰land，用形容词。根据空后“family’s land”可知，这里指大家族土地。extended意为“扩展了的”。故选E。 15．考查动词。句意：尽管橄榄油曾经在黎巴嫩烹饪中占主导地位，但许多家庭已经用进口植物油取而代之；由于黎巴嫩镑估价过高，进口植物油最近变得相当便宜。空处作Although从句的谓语，结合once可知，用动词的过去式。根据“many households have replaced it with imported vegetable oil”和Although表示让步可知，这里指橄榄油曾经在黎巴嫩烹饪中占主导地位。dominated意为“支配，控制”。故选A。 16．考查动词。句意参考上题。根据空前“which recently became quite cheap thanks to the”和空后“Lebanese pound”并结合常识，黎巴嫩货币估价高，购买力强，人们买进口的货物花费就低，overvalued意为“对……估价过高”，这里用过去分词作定语。故选J。 17．考查动词。句意：此外，燃料也短缺，一旦年收成临近，就需要燃料来运行压榨橄榄油的机器。once引导的时间状语从句中缺少谓语，空处应用动词，且这里陈述的是客观事实，主语harvests为复数，所以用动词原形。根据空前“which will be needed to run machines that press olives for oil once the annual harvests”可知，橄榄的收成时间到来，需要压榨橄榄油的机器。approach意为“接近”。故选B。 18．考查名词。句意：此外，疫情对餐馆造成了沉重打击，这些餐馆是特级初榨橄榄油的主要买家。空前有a，空处应用名词单数。根据空前“the pandemic, which delivered a severe”和空后“to restaurants”并结合常识，疫情对餐馆造成了沉重打击。blow意为“猛击，打击”。故选K。 19．考查名词。句意：但黎巴嫩生产商将目光投向了全球市场，并相信他们可以在质量（如果不是规模）方面与西班牙和意大利的领先制造商竞争。根据空后“set on the global market”可知，这里指黎巴嫩生产商决心进军全球市场。sights意为“风景，瞄准器”，set one’s sights on意为“以……为奋斗目标”。故选C。 20．考查名词。句意参考上题，这里与前面quality形成对比，指黎巴嫩生产商要在质量方面与西班牙和意大利的领先制造商竞争，而不是规模方面。scale意为“规模”。故选I。 C 【来源】上海市育才中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期末英语试卷 History has not yet 21 what we will definitively call the postmillennial cohort (2000年后出生的人) that now 22 more than 60 million people in the U.S. These kids and 23 with no concept of life 24 the Internet have so far been called the App Generation and Generation Z. They’ve been referred to as Homelanders, having grown up under the ghost of terorism. They’ve also been 25 the Plurals, for their historic diversity, as well as the Founders, at least by MTV. Whatever we 26 naming them, marketers and academies are turning their attention to this group, which has billions in 27 and is already shaping the culture. This generation is growing up “totally and utterly connected,” says California State University psychologist Larry Rosen. Experts like Rosen have concerns about these kids’ Google-inspired expectations that everything be 28 . They worry about their inability to 29 even five seconds of boredom. And they worry about the demands that come with 30 several identities online, from Facebook to Twitter to Snapchat. “There’s so much pressure on young people, who are still 31 their identities, to present this crystallized, idealized identity online,” says the University of Washington’s Katie Davis. Historian Neil Howe sees 32 with the Silent Generation, the spoilt, risk-avoiding, “nice” generation of kids who grew up during the Great Depression and World War II, although some marked differences are found. Today’s youths are also coming of age among geopolitical trouble and fears about the economy, he says, 33 schools emphasize an intense far-reaching sensitivity to other kids. He suspects this 34 will be known for being well behaved and perhaps boring the culture by playing it safe. “There are typical examples that occur repeatedly,” Howe says, “even if they go by different 35 .” 21．A．remarked B．convinced C．guaranteed D．revealed 22．A．numbers B．houses C．accommodates D．contains 23．A．peers B．adolescents C．folks D．guys 24．A．over B．without C．besides D．beyond 25．A．diagnosed B．dismissed C．labeled D．coined 26．A．end up B．consider about C．appeal for D．approve of 27．A．distribution force B．purchasing power C．global view D．unique outlooks 28．A．vivid B．instructive C．instant D．profitable 29．A．feed up with B．put up with C．make up for D．identify with 30．A．faking B．revising C．illustrating D．maintaining 31．A．supervising B．forming C．representing D．promoting 32．A．parallels B．contrasts C．comparisons D．reservations 33．A．because B．although C．while D．when 34．A．emphasis B．generation C．intensity D．cultivation 35．A．routes B．schemes C．names D．definitions 【答案】 21．D 22．A 23．B 24．B 25．C 26．A 27．B 28．C 29．B 30．D 31．B 32．A 33．C 34．B 35．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了2000年后出生的这一代人在网络时代成长起来，生活方式与以往的人们不一样，并且成为社会主流人群，开始影响社会文化。 【详解】21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：历史还没有揭示我们将确切地把现在美国的人数已经超过6000万的后千禧一代的人称之为什么。根据后面的宾语“what we will definitively call the postmillennial cohort”可知，2000年后出生的人历史上会把他们称作什么还不明确，因为还没有成为历史，动词reveal指揭示事实，符合语境，事实还不明朗。A. remarked评论；B. convinced使信服；C. guaranteed担保；D. revealed揭露；证明，展示。故选D项。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：历史还没有揭示我们将确切地把现在美国的人数已经超过6000万的后千禧一代的人称之为什么。A. numbers总计；B. houses提供住所；C. accommodates提供住宿；D. contains包含；含有；容纳。该空为that引导定语从句的谓语动词，that指代先行词the postmillennial cohort 做主语，后面宾语是“more than 60 million people”，这里应该是指2000年后出生的人总计达到了6000万。动词number意为“总计”。故选A项。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些对没有互联网的生活毫无概念的孩子和青少年迄今为止被称为应用程序一代和z一代。A. peers同领人；B. adolescents青少年；C. folks家人；人们；D. guys家伙，小伙子；兄弟，伙计。2000年后出生的人都是小孩子和青少年，年龄都还不大。故选B项。 24．考查介词词义辨析。句意：这些对没有互联网的生活毫无概念的孩子和青少年迄今为止被称为应用程序一代和z一代。A. over超过；B. without没有；C. besides除…以外；D. beyond超出。该空介词及其宾语“the Internet”作life的后置定语，根据life前的“with no concept of”可知，这里指00后对于没有网络的生活一无所知，因为他们一出生就接触到了网络。故选B项。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们也被贴上了the Plurals(多元一代)的标签，因为他们在历史上的多元化，以及the Founders(始创者)，至少在MTV频道上。A. diagnosed诊断；B. dismissed解散；开除；驳回；C. labeled贴标签；D. coined创造新词，首次使用；铸币，造币。根据上一句“These kids and 　　3　　 with no concept of life 　　4　　 the Internet have so far been called the App Generation and Generation Z. They’ve been referred to as Homelanders, having grown up under the ghost of terorism.”中的“the App Generation and Generation Z”和“Homelanders”是一些人们对00后一代的一些称谓，本句中的“the Plurals和 the Founders”也是给他们专有称谓，他们被贴标签，labeled符合语境与上一句中called和referred to意义一致。故选C项。 26．考查动词短语辨析。句意：不管我们最终给他们起什么名字，营销人员和学术机构都把注意力转向了这个拥有数十亿美元的群体，他们已经在塑造文化。A. end up结束；B. consider about考虑；C. appeal for呼吁，恳请；D. approve of赞成。本文首句表示历史对00后这一代人还没有明确的称呼，但是很多机构已经给出了很多说法。end up doing意为“最终会做某事”，这里指最终历史会给这代人一个什么样的称呼。故选A项。 27．考查名词短语辨析。句意：不管我们最终给他们起什么名字，营销人员和学术机构都把注意力转向了这个拥有数十亿美元购买力的群体，他们已经在塑造文化。A. distribution force分布力；B. purchasing power购买力；C. global view全球视野；D. unique outlooks独特的观点。空前的主语which指代先行词the group，空前的billions应该指的是钱数，指的是00后一代人的消费能力，购买力，他们已经成为社会不容忽视的群体，“marketers”关注的应该是消费者的消费能力。故选B项。 28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：像罗森这样的专家对这些孩子受到谷歌启发的期望感到担忧，他们认为所有东西都能立即获得。 A. vivid生动的；B. instructive有教育意义的，有启发的；C. instant立即的；即时的；D. profitable有利可图的，盈利的。“that everything be 　　8　　.”为expectations的同位语从句，谷歌的特点就是反馈“快”，所以这些孩子会期待一切都应该立即得到反应，回应。呼应下一句“their inability to 　　9　　 even five seconds of boredom”的说法，认为他们忍受不了5秒钟的无聊等待。故选C项。 29．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们担心自己无法忍受哪怕五秒钟的无聊。 A. feed up with厌倦；B. put up with容忍；C. make up for弥补；D. identify with认同，产生共鸣。该空动词短语的宾语是“even five seconds of boredom”，专家担心这些生活在网络时代的孩子会认为一切都应该快速得到回复，有可能五分钟的无聊也忍受不了。故选B项。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们还担心在Facebook、Twitter和Snapchat等网站上保持多重身份所带来的要求。A. faking伪造，冒充；不懂装懂；B. revising修改；C. illustrating阐明；加插图；D. maintaining保持。网络时代长大的这些孩子在各社交媒体网站都有账户ID，他们得要维护这些网站上自己的身份。故选D项。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：年轻人的压力太大了，他们还在形成自己的身份，要在网上展示这种具体化、理想化的身份。A. supervising指导，监督；B. forming形成，组成；C. representing代表，象征；D. promoting促进；宣传；晋升，提拔。现在孩子们还可能会因为有新的社交媒体，可能还会形成新的身份。故选B项。 32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：历史学家尼尔·豪(Neil Howe)看到了与“沉默的一代”(Silent Generation)的相似之处，“沉默的一代”是在大萧条和第二次世界大战期间长大的、被宠坏的、不愿冒险的“好”一代，尽管他们也发现了一些明显的差异。A. parallels相似的手法，相似之处；B. contrasts对比，对照；C. comparisons比较；D. reservations预定。根据下文“although some marked differences are found”可知，虽然这两代人有明显的差异，但是他们看到了他们之间的相似之处。parallels与differences呼应。故选A项。 33．考查连词词义辨析。句意：他说，如今的年轻人也是在地缘政治问题和对经济的担忧中长大的，而学校则强调对其他孩子有着强烈而深远的敏感性。A. because因为；B. although尽管；C. while当……时候；而却；D. when当……的时候。这里指社会和学校对孩子的要求进行对比，并列连词while可以表示前后对比。故选C项。 34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他怀疑这一代人将以举止得体而闻名，也许会因为行事谨慎而令文化感到厌烦。A. emphasis强调；B. generation一代，一辈儿；C. intensity强烈；强度；D. cultivation耕作，开垦；培养。根据“will be known for being well behaved ”可知，该句主语应该是人，这里指00后这一代人。故选B项。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“有一些典型的例子反复出现，”Howe说，“即使它们有不同的名字。”A. routes路线；B. schemes计划，方案；C. names 姓名；名义；D. definitions定义。在even if的从句中主语they指代typical examples ,by...names或by the name of 意为“以……的名义”或使用……的名字，符合语境。这里指这一代人中的典型例子有可能会有各种不同的名称，呼应第一段中的“the App Generation and Generation Z”和“Homelanders”“the Plurals和 the Founders”。故选C项。 第二套 A 【来源】上海市普陀区曹杨第二中学2025-2026学年学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks use one word that best fits. The Science Of Scratching Mom knew what she was talking about after all: Scratching really does make the itch worse. Good 1 it feels, the burst of ecstasy (狂喜) you get from clawing your irritated skin only prolongs a vicious itch-scratch cycle, putting true relief 2 (far) out of reach. But why? Though itch has troubled our species for thousands of years, scientists have just begun to comprehend the physiological mechanisms 3 it. Over the past couple of decades, research has shown 4 scratching taps into our brains’ reward and immune systems, producing a strange mix of sensations that makes it all but impossible to resist. “You scratch to feel better,” says Brian Kim, a neuroimmunologist at Mount Sinai’s Icahn School of Medicine, “but in doing so, you actually activate immune pathways that are counterproductive.” In 1660, a definition of itch arose that’s still in use today: an unpleasant sensation that provokes the desire to scratch. It results from 5 from insect bites and poisonous plants to allergic reactions and skin conditions like eczema (湿疹). Until recently, itch was considered a form of mild pain 6 (arise) from the weak activation of pain receptors. This “intensity theory” speculated that itch stood at one end of the pain spectrum, and 7 (transition) all the way to full-blown suffering as a stimulus grew stronger. But in 2014, Zhou-Feng Chen, an itch researcher then at Washington University, discovered that serotonin (the mood-regulating “happiness hormone”) plays a big role in perpetuating (使永久) the itch-scratch cycle. The research team found that when mice scratch an itch, their brains release a surge of serotonin, resulting in a moment of pure bliss. These results were consistent with a PLOS One study from the previous year, which showed that scratching activates the brain regions 8 (involve) in the reward circuit, a neural network that floods the body with euphoria-inducing chemicals in response to pleasurable activities and substances. It’s the same system 9 underlies addiction, which isn’t surprising if you’ve ever lost an hour scratching at mosquito bites. But Kim notes there’s another side to this coin: the longing not to feel pleasure 10 to ease discomfort. “That’s what’s so complex about it,” he says. “There are different levels at which you need to scratch.” 【答案】 1．as/though 2．farther 3．behind 4．that 5．everything 6．arising 7．would transition 8．involved 9．that 10．but 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了抓挠虽能暂时缓解瘙痒，却会延长恶性循环。它激活大脑奖赏系统与免疫通路，背后有复杂生理机制，并非轻微疼痛，且与血清素相关，让人难以抗拒。 【详解】1．考查状语从句。句意：尽管这种感觉很美妙，但你因抓挠恼人的皮肤而产生的那种狂喜感，只会让那痛苦的瘙痒-抓挠循环持续下去，从而使真正的缓解变得更加遥不可及。此处为：形容词+ as/though +主语+系动词，表示“尽管……”。故填as/though。 2．考查比较级。句意：尽管这种感觉很美妙，但你因抓挠恼人的皮肤而产生的那种狂喜感，只会让那痛苦的瘙痒-抓挠循环持续下去，从而使真正的缓解变得更加遥不可及。表示“变得更加遥不可及”应用比较级farther，故填farther。 3．考查介词。句意：尽管瘙痒现象已经困扰人类数千年之久，但科学家们才刚刚开始探究其背后的生理机制。后跟it作宾语，结合句意“背后的生理机制”可知用介词behind。故填behind。 4．考查宾语从句。句意：在过去几十年里，研究发现，挠痒痒会刺激我们大脑的奖赏系统和免疫系统，产生一种奇特的混合感觉，让人几乎无法抗拒。引导宾语从句，从句不缺少成分和句意，故填that。 5．考查代词。句意：这可能是由多种因素引起的，包括昆虫叮咬、有毒植物、过敏反应以及像湿疹这样的皮肤疾病等。作介词的宾语，且表示“从……到……的各种情况”应用不定代词everything。故填everything。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：直到不久前，人们都认为瘙痒是一种由疼痛感受器轻微激活所引起的轻微疼痛。此处pain与arise构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填arising。 7．考查时态。句意：这种“强度理论”认为，瘙痒处于疼痛程度的某一极端位置，随着刺激强度的增强，它会逐渐发展成完全的疼痛状态。根据后文“as a stimulus grew stronger”可知，此处表示过去看来将会发生，用过去将来时。故填would transition。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：激活了与奖赏回路相关的脑区，这是一个神经网络，当人体接触到令人愉悦的活动或物质时，它会向体内释放能带来愉悦感的化学物质。此处regions与involve构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填involved。 9．考查固定句型。句意：这正是导致上瘾现象的相同机制，如果你曾经因为挠蚊子叮咬而浪费了一个小时，那么这种现象也就不足为奇了。句型the same…that…表示“正是这个……”。故填that。 10．考查固定句型。句意：但金指出，这枚硬币还有另一面：人们并非渴望获得快乐，而是希望减轻痛苦带来的不适感。句型not…but…表示“不是……而是……”。故填but。 B 【来源】上海南洋中学2025-2026学年第二学期高三年级期中英语试卷 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．accidentally    B．alert     C． curiosity    D．critical    E. defensive    F. disproved G. documented     H. immediate    I. initiating    J. stimulus    K. typically Wanted: Volunteers who can throw new light on “photosneezia” mystery Scientists are attempting to unpick the mystery of the “photic sneeze” — a reflex (反射动作) that causes people to sneeze, in response to bright light — and they need help from the public. “It 11 follows a tickling sensation (痒感). The sneeze is not 12 , and it will take a few seconds,” said Manuel Spitschan, an experimental psychologist at the University of Oxford, who is launching a study into the phenomenon. Much as photic sneezing is a(n) 13 , it can have serious consequences, particularly for ophthalmologists (眼科医生). “And you have other safety 14 professions in which sneezing in response to bright light isn’t helpful, like fighter pilots or truck drivers, anywhere you can’t really lose control of something.” Reports of photosneezia have been 15 throughout the ages. The Greek philosopher Aristotle wondered in his Book of Problems: why does the heat of the sun cause sneezing? His assumption was that sweat inside the nose caused it, but the 17th century English philosopher Francis Bacon 16 this theory by facing the sun with his eyes closed and finding that it did not make him sneeze. His theory was that the sun’s light made the eyes water, causing moisture to drip down the nose, 17 a sneeze. Various modern theories have also been put forward, but none is easily testable. One theory is that optic (视觉的) nerve fibers could 18 activate neighboring nerve fibers as they join in the brain. Curiously, the reflex can also be started during eye surgery, meaning needle-bearing anesthetists (麻醉师) must be 19 to sneezes to avoid damaging patients’ eyes. The goal of the Oxford Photic Sneeze Survey, which Spitschan is coordinating, is to better understand what drives the photic sneeze reflex. “There are approximately 110 papers in the scientific literature that discus this phenomenon, but there’s very little empirical (实证的) data,” he said. “We are hoping to find the ideal 20 to cause the sneeze.” 【答案】 11．K 12．H 13．C 14．D 15．G 16．F 17．I 18．A 19．B 20．J 【导语】文章主要围绕“光喷嚏反射”这一现象展开，介绍了其表现、可能的危害、历史上的相关研究及牛津大学的相关调查目的。 【详解】11．考查副词。句意：它通常伴随着一种痒感。空处修饰动词follows，需用副词，结合语境，此处指光喷嚏反射通常会有痒感作为前兆，副词typically（通常；典型地）符合题意。 12．考查形容词。句意：喷嚏不是即时的，会需要几秒钟。空处作表语，结合后半句“it will take a few seconds”可知，此处指喷嚏不会立刻发生，形容词immediate（即时的；立即的）符合题意。 13．考查名词。句意：尽管光喷嚏是一种令人好奇的事物，但它可能会产生严重的后果，尤其是对眼科医生而言。空处前有不定冠词a(n)修饰，需用名词作表语，结合上文“Scientists are attempting to unpick the mystery of the “photic sneeze””可知，光喷嚏是一种令人好奇的现象，名词curiosity（好奇的事物）符合题意。 14．考查形容词。句意：还有其他对安全至关重要的职业，在这些职业中，因强光打喷嚏是无益的，比如战斗机飞行员或卡车司机，在这些职业中，你真的不能失去对某些事物的控制。空处修饰名词professions，需用形容词，结合“fighter pilots or truck drivers”可知，这些职业对安全要求极高，形容词critical（至关重要的）符合题意。 15．考查动词。句意：历代都有关于光喷嚏反射的记载。空处前有been，结合语境可知，此处为现在完成时的被动语态，需用过去分词，结合“Reports of photosneezia”可知，光喷嚏反射的现象在历史上一直有记载，过去分词documented（记载；记录）符合题意。 16．考查动词。句意：他的假设是鼻子里的汗水导致了这种现象，但17世纪英国哲学家弗朗西斯·培根通过闭着眼睛面对太阳，发现这并没有让他打喷嚏，从而反驳了这一理论。空处作谓语，文章叙述历史上的研究，用一般过去时，结合“finding that it did not make him sneeze”可知，培根的实验反驳了亚里士多德的理论，动词disproved（反驳；证明……是错误的）符合题意。 17．考查非谓语动词。句意：他的理论是，太阳的光线使眼睛流泪，泪水滴落到鼻子里，引发喷嚏。结合“the sun’s light made the eyes water, causing moisture to drip down the nose”可知，此处指这种情况引发了喷嚏，动词initiate（引发；启动）符合，和逻辑主语the sun’s light made the eyes water, causing moisture to drip down the nose是主动关系，用现在分词initiating作结果状语 18．考查副词。句意：一种理论是，视觉神经纤维在进入大脑时可能会意外激活邻近的神经纤维。空处修饰动词activate，需用副词，结合“activate neighboring nerve fibers as they join in the brain”可知，此处指视觉神经纤维可能意外激活其他神经纤维，副词accidentally（意外地；偶然地）符合题意。 19．考查形容词。句意：奇怪的是，这种反射也可能在眼科手术中发生，这意味着手持针头的麻醉师必须警惕喷嚏，以避免损伤患者的眼睛。空处作表语，结合“avoid damaging patients’ eyes”可知，麻醉师需要警惕喷嚏的发生，形容词alert（警惕的；警觉的）符合题意。 20．考查名词。句意：我们希望找到引发喷嚏的理想刺激物。空处前有定冠词the和形容词ideal修饰，需用名词，结合前文研究光喷嚏反射的目的可知，此处指找到能引发喷嚏的理想刺激物，名词stimulus（刺激物）符合题意，复数形式表泛指。 C 【来源】上海市七宝中学2025-2026学年高三下学期期中测试英语试卷 Try Paper-Based Crafting to Cut Through Overthinking Since being diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder as a teenager, I’ve turned to medication, talking therapy, and exercise to alleviate my symptoms. Still, I often find it hard to “switch off”, and stop 21 thoughts. But, recently, I discovered a new tool to slice through my anxiety. In a collage (拼贴画) workshop, I cut images from magazines, and pasted them on to paper. Playing around with pictures, scissors, and glue, I was transported back to more creative childhood days — and experienced a deep sense of 22 . 23 drawing or painting, there’s no certain level of artistic skill required for a collage, while the pressure to make something ‘perfect’ is removed. By remixing readymade visuals, I was able to 24 the voice of my inner critic, and feel a different kind of creative freedom. Alongside the simple joy of cutting and arranging images, I learned that the final 25 can be meaningful, too. According to artist and teacher Hazel Pit, we mentally store certain past images in our minds — and collage allows us to access them. “With its endless possibilities, collage really is an ideal tool for accessing the unconscious mind, and expressing yourself,” she says. Hazel’s students have been surprised by the emotions reflected back to them in their compositions. As she explains: “Collage can act as a 26 conduit (渠道，通道) for the inner self,” and anyone can experience its benefits by following these steps. Grab your tools Gather visually-rich materials, including magazines and newspapers, leaflets, old books, vintage postcards, and photographs. Searching for forgotten pictures can 27 new ideas and emotional revelations. You will also need glue and a pair of 28 . For the background, choose paper or card that suits your personal style, from a piece of white A5 to a leftover delivery box. Work with what you have! Follow your intuition Pick out your images 29 . “Don’t overthink it, or hold the end product in mind,” says Hazel. Drawing on psychotherapist Carl Jung’s theories about images as metaphors in healing, she advises: “Only choose something that resonates with you, sparking an emotional reaction, as this will give your collage substance.” You might be 30 to certain colours, textures, or details, as well as figures, words, or scenes. At this stage, tear out the pages which feature appealing pictures, and place them in a pile. Cut, slice, and tear Cut out your chosen images or experiment with tearing with your hands for rougher edges. This repetitive act requires concentration and is soothing. “Cutting will put you in a meditative space,” says Hazel, “as you stop thinking about 31 issues and exist in the present moment.” Play around with pictures Arrange, rearrange, and layer your images, testing different combinations. Without constraints, allow your intuition to guide you. This is the most expressive part of the process, so embrace it. Pin and paste Once you’re happy with the arrangement, glue it down. Small pins can also help keep your composition in 32 . Reflect on your collage Finally, take time to reflect upon your collage. Does the choice and arrangement of pictures hold 33 ? Days later, it may speak to you about feelings or thoughts that you didn’t realize were bubbling beneath the surface. Generally speaking, collage requires no special 34 skill. The pressure to make something “perfect” gradually disappears. Studies suggest that creative activities like collage can reduce anxiety and strengthen one’s sense of 35 . 21．A．innovative B．reflective C．intrusive D．passive 22．A．suspicion B．curiosity C．tension D．calm 23．A．In addition to B．In contrast to C．In spite of D．In place of 24．A．silence B．prompt C．obey D．question 25．A．combination B．composition C．conclusion D．complement 26．A．mental B．physiological C．physical D．visual 27．A．block B．spark C．spell D．underestimate 28．A．knives B．tools C．scissors D．devices 29．A．carefully B．logically C．randomly D．instinctively 30．A．forced B．drawn C．exposed D．introduced 31．A．internal B．personal C．external D．minor 32．A．order B．mind C．balance D．shape 33．A．popularity B．difficulty C．convenience D．significance 34．A．technical B．practical C．artistic D．professional 35．A．identity B．humor C．self D．responsibility 【答案】 21．C 22．D 23．B 24．A 25．B 26．D 27．B 28．C 29．D 30．B 31．C 32．A 33．D 34．C 35．C 【导语】本文讲述拼贴手工可缓解焦虑，它无需艺术技巧、无完美压力，遵从直觉创作，能探寻内心情绪，舒缓身心，帮助人们减轻焦虑、治愈自我。 21．考查形容词。句意：即便如此，我常常很难放空自己，无法停止杂乱烦扰的思绪。A. innovative创新的；B. reflective反思的；C. intrusive侵扰的；D. passive被动的。结合前文“Since being diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder as a teenager, I’ve turned to medication, talking therapy, and exercise to alleviate my symptoms.(自从十几岁时被诊断出患有广泛性焦虑症以来，我便通过药物治疗、心理治疗以及运动来缓解症状)”可知，作者患有焦虑症、难以放松的语境，此处指恼人的、侵入性的杂念。 22．考查名词。句意：摆弄图片、剪刀和胶水时，我仿佛回到富有创造力的童年，获得了深深的平静。A. suspicion怀疑；B. curiosity好奇；C. tension紧张；D. calm平静。结合上文“But, recently, I discovered a new tool to slice through my anxiety.(但最近，我找到了一种能帮我缓解焦虑的新方法)”可知，拼贴画缓解焦虑、舒缓身心的内容，可知内心变得平静。 23．考查介词短语。句意：与绘画或素描不同，拼贴艺术不需要具备特定的绘画技巧水平，而且也不再有追求“完美”的压力。A. In addition to除……之外；B. In contrast to与……相反；C. In spite of尽管；D. In place of代替。根据后文“drawing or painting, there’s no certain level of artistic skill required for a collage”可知，此处将拼贴画和绘画做对比，突出拼贴画门槛更低。 24．考查动词。句意：通过重组现成视觉素材，我能够压制内心自我批评的声音，收获别样的创作自由。A. silence使安静；B. prompt促使；C. obey遵守；D. question质疑。结合后文“the voice of my inner critic, and feel a different kind of creative freedom”可知，创作过程让人不再自我否定，平息内心批判的声音。 25．考查名词。句意：除了剪裁和排列图片所带来的简单乐趣之外，我还了解到最终的组合效果也能具有一定的意义。A. combination结合；B. composition创作作品；C. conclusion结论；D. complement补充。结合空前的“final”和后文多次提及拼贴创作的成品，此处指拼贴画作。 26．考查形容词。句意：正如她所解释的那样：“拼贴画能够成为展现内心世界的视觉通道”，而任何人只要按照以下步骤去做，就能体验到其带来的益处。A. mental精神的；B. physiological生理的；C. physical身体的；D. visual视觉的。根据上文“By remixing readymade visuals”指拼贴画能够成为展现内心世界的视觉通道。 27．考查动词。句意：搜寻被遗忘的图片能够激发新想法，带来情感上的感悟。A. block阻挡；B. spark激发；C. spell拼写；D. underestimate低估。结合语境，搜集素材会催生新的灵感与感悟。 28．考查名词。句意：你还需要胶水和一把剪刀。A. knives小刀；B. tools工具；C. scissors剪刀；D. devices设备。前文“Playing around with pictures, scissors, and glue”提到剪刀是制作拼贴画的核心工具。 29．考查副词。句意：凭直觉随意挑选图片。A. carefully仔细地；B. logically有条理地；C. randomly随意地；D. instinctively本能地。根据后文“Don’t overthink it, or hold the end product in mind”以及本段小标题“Follow your intuition”为遵从直觉，对应凭本能、直觉挑选素材。 30．考查动词。句意：你可能会被特定的色彩、质感、细节以及人物文字或场景所吸引。A. forced强迫；B. drawn吸引；C. exposed暴露；D. introduced介绍。根据后文“ At this stage, tear out the pages which feature appealing pictures, and place them in a pile.(在这个阶段，把那些有精美图片的页面撕下来，然后把这些页面叠放在一起)”提到把这些图片剪下来，故此处指被特定的色彩、质感、细节以及人物文字或场景所吸引。固定搭配be drawn to表示“被……吸引”，贴合选材语境。 31．考查形容词。句意：“裁剪能让你进入冥想状态，”Hazel说，“因为你不再纠结外界琐事，活在当下。”A. internal内在的；B. personal个人的；C. external外界的；D. minor次要的。根据后文“exist in the present moment”可知，专注手工操作会让人抛开外界繁杂问题，舒缓焦虑。 32．考查名词。句意：小图钉也能帮助固定作品布局。A. order秩序；B. mind思绪；C. balance平衡；D. shape形状。根据上文“Small pins can also help keep your composition in”指小图钉也能帮助固定作品布局。固定搭配keep...in order表示“使……整齐有序”，贴合排版固定画面的语境。 33．考查名词。句意：图片的选择与排布是否蕴含特殊意义。A. popularity流行；B. difficulty困难；C. convenience便利；D. significance意义。结合后文“Days later, it may speak to you about feelings or thoughts that you didn’t realize were bubbling beneath the surface.(几天之后，它可能会向你揭示一些你未曾察觉的、潜藏在内心深处的感受或想法)”提到拼贴画折射内心情绪与想法，此处指深层含义。 34．考查形容词。句意：一般来说，拼贴画不需要特殊的艺术技艺。A. technical技术的；B. practical实用的；C. artistic艺术的；D. professional专业的。前文“drawing or painting, there’s no certain level of artistic skill required for a collage”对比绘画，强调拼贴画无艺术技能门槛。 35．考查名词。句意：研究表明，拼贴画这类创意活动可以缓解焦虑，增强自我认同感。A. identity身份；B. humor幽默；C. self自我；D. responsibility责任。前文“I was able to ________ the voice of my inner critic”和“With its endless possibilities, collage really is an ideal tool for accessing the unconscious mind, and expressing yourself(由于拼贴画有着无限的可能性，它确实是一种理想的工具，能够帮助我们触及潜意识，并表达自我)”提到，拼贴画能够感受平息内心批判的声音，找到内心平静以及表达自我，故此处指手工创作抒发内心、疗愈情绪，能够强化自我认知与自我接纳。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 综训06：GVC -语法、词汇、完形组合练 （满分：70分，推荐用时：60分钟） 第一套 A 【来源】上海市杨浦区复旦大学附属中学2025-2026学年高三下学期期末毕业考英语试题 Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Why is Art so Powerful? Perhaps the simplest answer to this question is that art touches us emotionally. Art is powerful 1 it can potentially influence our culture, politics, and even the economy. When we see a powerful work of art, you feel 2 touching deep within your core, giving us the power to make real-life changes. It has the power to educate people about almost anything. It creates awareness and presents information in a way that could be absorbed by many easily. In a world 3 there are those who don’t even have access to good education, art makes education an even 4 (great) equalizer of society. It breaks cultural, social, and economic barriers. While art hardly really solves poverty or promotes social justice   5 its own, it can be used as a leveled playing field for discourse and expression. The reason why everyone can relate to art is 6 everyone has emotions and personal experiences. Therefore, anyone can learn to appreciate art regardless of their social background, economic standing or political affiliation. It accesses higher orders of thinking. Art doesn’t just make you absorb information. Rather, it makes you think about current ideas and inspire you   7 (make) your own. This is why creativity is a form of intelligence — it is a special ability that unlocks the potential of the human mind. In fact, studies have shown that exposure to art can make you better in other fields of knowledge. The truth is that people have recognized how powerful art can be. Many times in history have we heard of people   8 (criticize), threatened, censored, and even killed because of their artwork. Those responsible for these reactions, may it be an aggressive government or a dissident (持不同政见的) group, 9 (take) these measures against artists knowing how much their works can affect the politics in a 10 (give) area. In the hands of good people, however, art can be used to give back hope or instill courage in a society that’s undergoing a lot of hardships. B 【来源】上海市七宝中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期末考试英语试卷 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Do note that there is one word more than you need. A．dominated     B．approach      C． sights    D．cultivates      E. extended    F. pursuits G. shift       H. traces      I. scale        J. overvalued      K. blow   It began with a case of homesickness. Missing his family’s olive gardens in Baasir, Samir left his engineering job abroad and returned to Lebanon. Farming had long been family 11 , and he aimed to revive it — and Lebanon’s fading olive-oil industry, which 12 its roots all the way back to ancient times. He later launched Genco Olive Oil, his own company. He is not alone. A short drive from Baasir lives Walid, who managed to convert wheat fields into olive groves in 2010, and his company now grows Italian varieties. In the mountains, Perini 13 another variety, Souri, on her 14 family’s land and calls her hometown the “Bordeaux (法国城市波尔多) of olive oil”. Unfortunately, they all face the same challenge. Although olive oil once 15 Lebanese cooking, many households have replaced it with imported vegetable oil, which recently became quite cheap thanks to the 16 Lebanese pound. At the same time, many smallholder farmers have let the quality of their product decline, causing consumption to fall to just a tenth of what the average Spaniard consumes. The economic crisis makes things worse. The country produces little, so nearly everything, from bottles to fertilizers, must be imported using dollars. As the Lebanese pounds plunge in value, prices rises and dollars becomes scarce. There is also a shortage of fuel, which will be needed to run machines that press olives for oil once the annual harvests 17 . And then there is the pandemic, which delivered a severe 18 to restaurants, major buyers of extra-virgin olive oil. But Lebanese producers have their 19 set on the global market and believe they can rival those leading manufacturers from Spain and Italy in terms of quality, if not 20 . Their labels have won numerous awards, which helps Lebanese olive oil gradually win loyal international customers. C 【来源】上海市育才中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期末英语试卷 History has not yet 21 what we will definitively call the postmillennial cohort (2000年后出生的人) that now 22 more than 60 million people in the U.S. These kids and 23 with no concept of life 24 the Internet have so far been called the App Generation and Generation Z. They’ve been referred to as Homelanders, having grown up under the ghost of terorism. They’ve also been 25 the Plurals, for their historic diversity, as well as the Founders, at least by MTV. Whatever we 26 naming them, marketers and academies are turning their attention to this group, which has billions in 27 and is already shaping the culture. This generation is growing up “totally and utterly connected,” says California State University psychologist Larry Rosen. Experts like Rosen have concerns about these kids’ Google-inspired expectations that everything be 28 . They worry about their inability to 29 even five seconds of boredom. And they worry about the demands that come with 30 several identities online, from Facebook to Twitter to Snapchat. “There’s so much pressure on young people, who are still 31 their identities, to present this crystallized, idealized identity online,” says the University of Washington’s Katie Davis. Historian Neil Howe sees 32 with the Silent Generation, the spoilt, risk-avoiding, “nice” generation of kids who grew up during the Great Depression and World War II, although some marked differences are found. Today’s youths are also coming of age among geopolitical trouble and fears about the economy, he says, 33 schools emphasize an intense far-reaching sensitivity to other kids. He suspects this 34 will be known for being well behaved and perhaps boring the culture by playing it safe. “There are typical examples that occur repeatedly,” Howe says, “even if they go by different 35 .” 21．A．remarked B．convinced C．guaranteed D．revealed 22．A．numbers B．houses C．accommodates D．contains 23．A．peers B．adolescents C．folks D．guys 24．A．over B．without C．besides D．beyond 25．A．diagnosed B．dismissed C．labeled D．coined 26．A．end up B．consider about C．appeal for D．approve of 27．A．distribution force B．purchasing power C．global view D．unique outlooks 28．A．vivid B．instructive C．instant D．profitable 29．A．feed up with B．put up with C．make up for D．identify with 30．A．faking B．revising C．illustrating D．maintaining 31．A．supervising B．forming C．representing D．promoting 32．A．parallels B．contrasts C．comparisons D．reservations 33．A．because B．although C．while D．when 34．A．emphasis B．generation C．intensity D．cultivation 35．A．routes B．schemes C．names D．definitions 第二套 A 【来源】上海市普陀区曹杨第二中学2025-2026学年学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks use one word that best fits. The Science Of Scratching Mom knew what she was talking about after all: Scratching really does make the itch worse. Good 1 it feels, the burst of ecstasy (狂喜) you get from clawing your irritated skin only prolongs a vicious itch-scratch cycle, putting true relief 2 (far) out of reach. But why? Though itch has troubled our species for thousands of years, scientists have just begun to comprehend the physiological mechanisms 3 it. Over the past couple of decades, research has shown 4 scratching taps into our brains’ reward and immune systems, producing a strange mix of sensations that makes it all but impossible to resist. “You scratch to feel better,” says Brian Kim, a neuroimmunologist at Mount Sinai’s Icahn School of Medicine, “but in doing so, you actually activate immune pathways that are counterproductive.” In 1660, a definition of itch arose that’s still in use today: an unpleasant sensation that provokes the desire to scratch. It results from 5 from insect bites and poisonous plants to allergic reactions and skin conditions like eczema (湿疹). Until recently, itch was considered a form of mild pain 6 (arise) from the weak activation of pain receptors. This “intensity theory” speculated that itch stood at one end of the pain spectrum, and 7 (transition) all the way to full-blown suffering as a stimulus grew stronger. But in 2014, Zhou-Feng Chen, an itch researcher then at Washington University, discovered that serotonin (the mood-regulating “happiness hormone”) plays a big role in perpetuating (使永久) the itch-scratch cycle. The research team found that when mice scratch an itch, their brains release a surge of serotonin, resulting in a moment of pure bliss. These results were consistent with a PLOS One study from the previous year, which showed that scratching activates the brain regions 8 (involve) in the reward circuit, a neural network that floods the body with euphoria-inducing chemicals in response to pleasurable activities and substances. It’s the same system 9 underlies addiction, which isn’t surprising if you’ve ever lost an hour scratching at mosquito bites. But Kim notes there’s another side to this coin: the longing not to feel pleasure 10 to ease discomfort. “That’s what’s so complex about it,” he says. “There are different levels at which you need to scratch.” B 【来源】上海南洋中学2025-2026学年第二学期高三年级期中英语试卷 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．accidentally    B．alert     C． curiosity    D．critical    E. defensive    F. disproved G. documented     H. immediate    I. initiating    J. stimulus    K. typically Wanted: Volunteers who can throw new light on “photosneezia” mystery Scientists are attempting to unpick the mystery of the “photic sneeze” — a reflex (反射动作) that causes people to sneeze, in response to bright light — and they need help from the public. “It 11 follows a tickling sensation (痒感). The sneeze is not 12 , and it will take a few seconds,” said Manuel Spitschan, an experimental psychologist at the University of Oxford, who is launching a study into the phenomenon. Much as photic sneezing is a(n) 13 , it can have serious consequences, particularly for ophthalmologists (眼科医生). “And you have other safety 14 professions in which sneezing in response to bright light isn’t helpful, like fighter pilots or truck drivers, anywhere you can’t really lose control of something.” Reports of photosneezia have been 15 throughout the ages. The Greek philosopher Aristotle wondered in his Book of Problems: why does the heat of the sun cause sneezing? His assumption was that sweat inside the nose caused it, but the 17th century English philosopher Francis Bacon 16 this theory by facing the sun with his eyes closed and finding that it did not make him sneeze. His theory was that the sun’s light made the eyes water, causing moisture to drip down the nose, 17 a sneeze. Various modern theories have also been put forward, but none is easily testable. One theory is that optic (视觉的) nerve fibers could 18 activate neighboring nerve fibers as they join in the brain. Curiously, the reflex can also be started during eye surgery, meaning needle-bearing anesthetists (麻醉师) must be 19 to sneezes to avoid damaging patients’ eyes. The goal of the Oxford Photic Sneeze Survey, which Spitschan is coordinating, is to better understand what drives the photic sneeze reflex. “There are approximately 110 papers in the scientific literature that discus this phenomenon, but there’s very little empirical (实证的) data,” he said. “We are hoping to find the ideal 20 to cause the sneeze.” C 【来源】上海市七宝中学2025-2026学年高三下学期期中测试英语试卷 Try Paper-Based Crafting to Cut Through Overthinking Since being diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder as a teenager, I’ve turned to medication, talking therapy, and exercise to alleviate my symptoms. Still, I often find it hard to “switch off”, and stop 21 thoughts. But, recently, I discovered a new tool to slice through my anxiety. In a collage (拼贴画) workshop, I cut images from magazines, and pasted them on to paper. Playing around with pictures, scissors, and glue, I was transported back to more creative childhood days — and experienced a deep sense of 22 . 23 drawing or painting, there’s no certain level of artistic skill required for a collage, while the pressure to make something ‘perfect’ is removed. By remixing readymade visuals, I was able to 24 the voice of my inner critic, and feel a different kind of creative freedom. Alongside the simple joy of cutting and arranging images, I learned that the final 25 can be meaningful, too. According to artist and teacher Hazel Pit, we mentally store certain past images in our minds — and collage allows us to access them. “With its endless possibilities, collage really is an ideal tool for accessing the unconscious mind, and expressing yourself,” she says. Hazel’s students have been surprised by the emotions reflected back to them in their compositions. As she explains: “Collage can act as a 26 conduit (渠道，通道) for the inner self,” and anyone can experience its benefits by following these steps. Grab your tools Gather visually-rich materials, including magazines and newspapers, leaflets, old books, vintage postcards, and photographs. Searching for forgotten pictures can 27 new ideas and emotional revelations. You will also need glue and a pair of 28 . For the background, choose paper or card that suits your personal style, from a piece of white A5 to a leftover delivery box. Work with what you have! Follow your intuition Pick out your images 29 . “Don’t overthink it, or hold the end product in mind,” says Hazel. Drawing on psychotherapist Carl Jung’s theories about images as metaphors in healing, she advises: “Only choose something that resonates with you, sparking an emotional reaction, as this will give your collage substance.” You might be 30 to certain colours, textures, or details, as well as figures, words, or scenes. At this stage, tear out the pages which feature appealing pictures, and place them in a pile. Cut, slice, and tear Cut out your chosen images or experiment with tearing with your hands for rougher edges. This repetitive act requires concentration and is soothing. “Cutting will put you in a meditative space,” says Hazel, “as you stop thinking about 31 issues and exist in the present moment.” Play around with pictures Arrange, rearrange, and layer your images, testing different combinations. Without constraints, allow your intuition to guide you. This is the most expressive part of the process, so embrace it. Pin and paste Once you’re happy with the arrangement, glue it down. Small pins can also help keep your composition in 32 . Reflect on your collage Finally, take time to reflect upon your collage. Does the choice and arrangement of pictures hold 33 ? Days later, it may speak to you about feelings or thoughts that you didn’t realize were bubbling beneath the surface. Generally speaking, collage requires no special 34 skill. The pressure to make something “perfect” gradually disappears. Studies suggest that creative activities like collage can reduce anxiety and strengthen one’s sense of 35 . 21．A．innovative B．reflective C．intrusive D．passive 22．A．suspicion B．curiosity C．tension D．calm 23．A．In addition to B．In contrast to C．In spite of D．In place of 24．A．silence B．prompt C．obey D．question 25．A．combination B．composition C．conclusion D．complement 26．A．mental B．physiological C．physical D．visual 27．A．block B．spark C．spell D．underestimate 28．A．knives B．tools C．scissors D．devices 29．A．carefully B．logically C．randomly D．instinctively 30．A．forced B．drawn C．exposed D．introduced 31．A．internal B．personal C．external D．minor 32．A．order B．mind C．balance D．shape 33．A．popularity B．difficulty C．convenience D．significance 34．A．technical B．practical C．artistic D．professional 35．A．identity B．humor C．self D．responsibility 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $