专题03 完形填空——说明文和议论文（专项训练）（全国通用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

**基本信息** 聚焦说明文与议论文完形填空，构建"基础-重难-真题"三阶训练体系，融合语境分析、逻辑推理等解题策略，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |模拟·基础演练|10篇|上下文语境、词汇复现、逻辑关系等6大解题技巧|从基础词汇到篇章逻辑，构建"词汇-句子-主题"理解链条| |重难·创新演练|5篇|新情境分析、情感态度把握|结合社会热点（如健康饮食、科学价值），训练复杂文本推理能力| |真题·实战演练|7篇|主题关联、习语搭配|精选近10年真题，覆盖高频考点，强化应试迁移能力|

专题03 完形填空——说明文和议论文 目 录 模拟·基础演练 1 重难·创新演练 7 真题·实战演练 13 模拟·基础演练 考查重点：利用上下文语境解题，利用词汇复现解题，考查利用逻辑关系解题，利用情感态度解题，考查利用文章的主题解题，考查利用习语搭配解题 完形填空说明文和议论文 1.（2026·广东广州市普通高中毕业班考前冲刺题（一））As a psychology professor, I’ve studied the happiness curve for years. But looking at the 1 faces in my classroom, I felt my research wasn’t helping. Young adults increasingly report lower levels of 2 than middle-aged and older adults. One day, I tried something 3 . I asked my class: “Do you think the students around you are 4 ?” Most hands went up. Then I asked: “Do you think others see you as cold too?” Nearly every hand 5 . Then I showed them our survey results: 92% of those surveyed wanted deeper 6 , and 85% were ready to help a classmate in need. The room went quiet. The results had surprised them. A girl whispered, “But Professor, everyone wears headphones and always looks 7 .” “We usually 8 how friendly and kind we all are,” I explained. So we 9 the Connection Project. We put posters up in dormitories and also 10 students to take chances on each other. Mark, a silent freshman, dined with three unfamiliar 11 . Soon they became a learning circle. “We weren’t really enjoying being alone — we were just too 12 to reach out,” Mark told us. Six months later participants reported 30% higher happiness and, 13 , four new friends. On the last day of my course, I closed my notebook and said, “Happiness isn’t a fruit you enjoy 14 , but a garden we grow together. We must jump into the social waters, even when staying on 15 is safer.”251 1．A．excited B．blank C．angry D．smiling 2．A．anxiety B．pressure C．education D．happiness 3．A．fun B．different C．easy D．risky 4．A．cruel B．proud C．unfriendly D．smart 5．A．stayed up B．reached out C．pulled back D．went down 6．A．investigations B．connections C．thoughts D．learning 7．A．tired B．concerned C．busy D．alert 8．A．highlight B．wonder C．appreciate D．underestimate 9．A．supported B．modified C．designed D．launched 10．A．forced B．allowed C．encouraged D．challenged 11．A．volunteers B．professors C．classmates D．relatives 12．A．shy B．lazy C．modest D．polite 13．A．for instance B．in total C．as usual D．on average 14．A．alone B．most C．secretly D．freely 15．A．stage B．shore C．site D．campus 2.（2026·辽宁重点高中三模）It’s picking season at Christian Nachtwey’s orchard (果园) in Germany. Workers are loading their cars with 1 apples, which will be delivered to supermarkets all over Europe. But Nachtwey’s orchard is not a 2 farm; Many of the apple trees grow beneath solar panels that have been producing 3 during this year’s unusually sun-rich summer, while providing the fruit below with much-needed 4 . Setting up solar panels above farmland is becoming increasingly 5 in Europe and North America, as farmers 6 to make the most of their land and get a second source of income. “Getting the right mix of crops and solar panels is 7 though, because modern fruit varieties need 8 growing conditions,” Nachtwey says. “Any 9 can disturb the balance and lead to the wrong color or taste that consumers 10 .” That’s why Nachtwey is 11 with researchers to test which apple varieties grow well under the solar panels. To 12 the results, researchers say that they need at least two to three full years to record all the weather conditions that might occur. “We hope that the 13 will tell us which fruit tree grows well under solar panels. This could help prevent renewable energy production from 14 for precious land with agriculture. It is a growing concern for those trying to 15 rising costs and climate change,” says Juergen Zimmer, one of the experts who are working with Nachtwey.237 1．A．damaged B．ripe C．salty D．processed 2．A．profitable B．new C．conventional D．big 3．A．electricity B．fruit C．wine D．rice 4．A．light B．water C．wind D．shade 5．A．popular B．competitive C．costly D．easy 6．A．hesitate B．refuse C．seek D．claim 7．A．beneficial B．convenient C．harmful D．hard 8．A．particular B．adjusted C．traditional D．unknown 9．A．people B．change C．crop D．delay 10．A．pay B．dislike C．prefer D．need 11．A．arguing B．living C．collaborating D．joking 12．A．ignore B．mix C．accept D．compare 13．A．devices B．tests C．experts D．authorities 14．A．competing B．looking C．standing D．longing 15．A．give way to B．concentrate on C．deal with D．take care of 3.（2026届青海西宁市大通县第二次模拟）As children returned to school in Sweden last month, many of their teachers were putting new importance on some traditional skills. These included reading printed books, quiet reading time and 1 practice. Teachers were spending 2 time with digital devices, online research and typing skills. The return to traditional ways of learning might be the 3 to criticism about dependence on electronic technology in education. Critics 4 that students are not learning basic skills with the introduction of tablets (平板电脑) in schools. They also claim that physical books are 5 for student learning. According to an international test, compared with other European countries, Sweden’s children 6 below average in 2023. This could partly 7 an overuse of electronic devices during school lessons, which might cause kids to fall behind. Digital learning tools in schools have 8 drawn widespread concern. There has been clear scientific evidence that digital learning tools harm rather than 9 student learning. Moreover, information from digital sources may not be 10 . Parents always 11 that their children are spending too much time staring at screens, which they believe can lead to 12 problems as well as neck and back strain (拉伤). They also fear that the constant 13 to digital distractions may weaken their children’s ability to focus and learn effectively. In response, schools begin to carry out policies and practices that 14 to reduce screen time and promote more 15 learning environments.239 1．A．pronunciation B．teaching C．handwriting D．translation 2．A．less B．better C．more D．worse 3．A．access B．answer C．topic D．ability 4．A．admire B．deny C．object D．argue 5．A．essential B．interesting C．demanding D．secondary 6．A．sought B．advanced C．cheated D．scored 7．A．lead to B．rule out C．result from D．focus on 8．A．only B．even C．still D．seldom 9．A．soften B．rescue C．enhance D．track 10．A．accurate B．specific C．global D．official 11．A．approve B．complain C．regard D．pretend 12．A．hearing B．heart C．sight D．mind 13．A．resistance B．addiction C．commitment D．exposure 14．A．refer B．aim C．suit D．agree 15．A．balanced B．diverse C．severe D．stable 4.（2026·江西高中毕业班毕业班诊断性考试）A book on China’s governance 1 my life. After reading it, I realized a global vision embracing all 2 had entered international relations, and I wanted to be part of it. As an international relations scholar, I came to China to understand it 3 my own reality, dedicating my career to studying its foreign policy. While preparing for my doctoral exam, I first 4 writings on China’s governance. My research focuses on the Global civilization Initiative, which required deep 5 with Chinese diplomatic (外交的) concepts. I arrived nearly three years ago speaking no Chinese, so I read English versions, compared them with Chinese texts, and 6 my own research dictionary. Without understanding these concepts, grasping China’s policies is impossible. I discovered many diplomatic concepts 7 essence in translation. “People-to-people 8 ” might be better understood as “people’s hearts communicating” — reflecting the vision of a 9 future for humanity. One passage resonates: 10 common human values while respecting each nation’s path to 11 them. This balance between self-determination and shared principles is a 12 we could all embrace. The book’s emphasis on “ecological civilization” also 13 . I now participate in a scholarship exploring low-carbon strategies and environmental governance, learning what 14 progress requires. Rather than simply offering enlightenment, this book gives me hope: hope that a global vision recognizing humanity as one, 15 in facing unprecedented challenges, exists.230 1．A．touched B．changed C．backed D．ached 2．A．humanity B．countries C．communities D．species 3．A．via B．through C．by D．with 4．A．turned B．grabbed C．learned D．encountered 5．A．familiarity B．similarity C．comprehension D．resonance 6．A．created B．invented C．built D．found 7．A．lose B．loose C．waste D．miss 8．A．negotiation B．connectivity C．relationship D．understanding 9．A．shared B．bright C．common D．meaningful 10．A．dominate B．charge C．champion D．mine 11．A．objecting B．outperforming C．reaching D．realizing 12．A．spot B．view C．point D．perspective 13．A．stood out B．beamed out C．faced out D．lingered out 14．A．extraordinary B．sustainable C．exceptional D．distinctive 15．A．made B．forced C．united D．associated 5.（2026·福建闽侯县第一中学适应性训练）You might be leaving some happiness on the table by doing your everyday activities all by yourself. A new study has found that almost any activity becomes more 1 when done with others. The 2 of another person makes life’s routines a little brighter. Drawing on data from over 40,000 Americans, the study showed that participants consistently viewed experiences 3 social activities as more pleasant. Generally, the effect was 4 , holding true across data collected over several years (2010, 2012, 2013, and 2021). The only exception came in 2021, when doing food-related chores with others appeared to 5 moods. Unsurprisingly, in this respect, the biggest boosts were linked to activities 6 by nature. Yet even individual hobbies such as reading saw an increase in happiness when 7 . Epley, a behavioral scientist in Chicago, observed, “This continues to show how surprisingly positive social 8 is.” The lesson, researchers suggest, is to be 9 . Schedule time with others. Even daily routines can become 10 . Catch up with a friend on the phone — social contact doesn’t always need to be face-to-face; phone calls also 11 . Or share a ride home. As Epley puts it: “Having a good life is about 12 positive experiences together until it becomes a habit.” In short, happiness may not 13 what we do, but who we do it with — a 14 that our instinct (本能) for connection remains our most reliable source of 15 .245 1．A．easy B．enjoyable C．efficient D．educational 2．A．advice B．praise C．company D．help 3．A．shaping B．involving C．improving D．impacting 4．A．universal B．immediate C．direct D．predictable 5．A．reflect B．lift C．hide D．dampen 6．A．creative B．colorful C．social D．fun 7．A．discussed B．chosen C．started D．shared 8．A．relationship B．interaction C．awareness D．progress 9．A．intentional B．patient C．brave D．careful 10．A．challenges B．experiences C．tasks D．opportunities 11．A．exist B．appear C．count D．change 12．A．describing B．stringing C．mixing D．celebrating 13．A．result in B．consist of C．lie in D．begin with 14．A．reminder B．sign C．rule D．secret 15．A．courage B．pride C．hope D．joy 6.（2026·福建省福州第一中学月考）Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They 1   with them lots of waste. The 2 might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers are disappearing, changing the 3 of Kilimanjaro. However, much has changed since the days of some disturbing reports. The environmental challenges are still 4 but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 5 . People now see a clean mountain. The best of a Kilimanjaro 6 in my opinion, isn’t reaching the top. Mountains are 7 as spiritual places by many cultures. This 8 is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as 9 go through five ecosystems in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3,000 meters, 10 lands of low growing plants. Further up, low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I 11 twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4,000 meters is the highland 12 : gravel (砾石), stones and rocks. 13 you climb into an arctic-like zone with 14 snow and the glaciers. Does Kilimanjaro 15 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace? I found the opposite to be true.212 1．A．keep B．mix C．connect D．bring 2．A．stories B．buildings C．crowds D．reporters 3．A．position B．age C．face D．name 4．A．new B．special C．significant D．necessary 5．A．paying off B．spreading out C．blowing up D．fading away 6．A．atmosphere B．experience C．experiment D．sight 7．A．studied B．observed C．explored D．regarded 8．A．view B．quality C．reason D．purpose 9．A．scientists B．climbers C．locals D．officials 10．A．holding on to B．going back to C．living up to D．giving way to 11．A．match B．imagine C．count D．add 12．A．village B．desert C．road D．lake 13．A．Obviously B．Easily C．Consequently D．Finally 14．A．permanent B．little C．fresh D．artificial 15．A．enjoy B．deserve C．save D．acquire 7.（2026届江西省景德镇一模）After Mr. & Mrs. Bacchus started farming their little land patch, they faced a problem of birds feeding on their precious crops. Then, a man stopped outside their house, asking the couple if he could take 1 of the birds on the property. Afterwards, he suggested that 2 getting rid of the birds, they should learn to 3 them, and Maraksacha Reserve was born. Today, the couple 4 the celebrated bird photographer Manu Espinosa, with changing their lives, and helping them persuade others of the vital importance of conservation here. Birding tourism is 5 in Ecuador, with increasing numbers of specialist tour groups. Ecuador 6 a variety of ecosystems at differing altitudes, which explains why it’s among the top 10 countries globally for bird 7 . The country is home to over 1,600 bird species — nearly double the 8 found in Europe. As the business of birding grows, more and more farmers 9 their land from agriculture to bird reserves, 10 not just the birds, but the country’s 11 too. One notable example is the Ajila family, who have been 12 preserving the long-wattled umbrellabird. On his land near Recinto, Luis Ajila has turned dairy farming to conservation, replanting trees and promoting the site to wildlife tourists — work that he says is a 13 livelihood than farming. “Wildlife tourism is much more 14 than farming, but that wasn’t our only 15 ,” says Luis Jr., Ajila’s son. “We aimed to protect not just the umbrellabird, but all the unique wildlife here, safeguarding them for future generations.” Since then, thousands of people have made the pilgrimage.267 1．A．risks B．commands C．photographs D．notes 2．A．together with B．instead of C．apart from D．aside by 3．A．live alongside B．do without C．run across D．drive away 4．A．anticipate B．consider C．thank D．credit 5．A．running B．flourishing C．controlling D．praising 6．A．purchases B．robs C．boasts D．discovers 7．A．beauty B．environment C．habitat D．diversity 8．A．quality B．height C．balance D．quantity 9．A．switch B．stop C．defend D．highlight 10．A．shrinking B．benefiting C．testing D．varying 11．A．fate B．security C．economy D．identity 12．A．satisfied with B．worried about C．surprised at D．devoted to 13．A．lazier B．clearer C．slower D．better 14．A．adaptable B．profitable C．sociable D．adorable 15．A．donation B．action C．motivation D．instruction 8.（2026·福建福州市鼓楼区福州第一中学期末）As an actress, the question I am most often asked is:“What do you really do for UNICEF?” My task is to inform, and to create 1 of children’s needs. There remains a critical need to 2 children suffering from malnutrition and disease. One does not need special training to recognize the 3 of severe vitamin A deficiency — a condition that leads to blindness and often death. Annually, countless children in developing regions are 4 . Thus, I travel not merely to raise money, but to tear down a dangerous 5 : the belief that helping is difficult. In reality, for just 84 cents a year — the 6 of two vitamin A capsules — a child’s sight can be preserved. My previous experiences 7 me to UNICEF. As a child who received its lifesaving support in postwar Europe, I was once faced with extreme poverty, a reality 8 in many communities today. Poverty, which is a 9 crisis, lies at the root of this 10 . It spreads quietly in remote villages and 11 communities. Across more than 100 countries, UNICEF witnesses its severe impact 12 a child. If we are meant to “love thy (your) neighbour as thyself”, then we should 13 these children as our own for they are our most vital resource. They are too 14 to wait for an economic crisis to pass. The moment is now. Every child 15 health, tenderness, and a future filled with promise.243 1．A．awareness B．intention C．phenomenon D．opinion 2．A．make up for B．wait for C．speak up for D．long for 3．A．cause B．result C．cure D．theory 4．A．saved B．affected C．abandoned D．checked 5．A．myth B．cycle C．rule D．record 6．A．value B．amount C．price D．package 7．A．tied B．compared C．limited D．dragged 8．A．shaped B．absorbed C．eliminated D．mirrored 9．A．sudden B．visible C．silent D．urgent 10．A．beginning B．bias C．suffering D．sacrifice 11．A．confused B．ignored C．recovered D．stuffed 12．A．in the eyes of B．at the risk of C．as a result of D．on behalf of 13．A．protect B．teach C．acknowledge D．treat 14．A．sensitive B．cautious C．weak D．critical 15．A．deserves B．ensures C．enjoys D．guarantees 9.（2026·广东省广州市南沙区检测）Food has a special way of connecting people. As José Andres said, it brings back memories, unites people, and 1 us to faraway places. My mom’s 2 cooking in Illinois, a French sandwich from a street stand in Italy, and a grilled hot dog at the Grand Canyon with my family all hold precious 3 . These moments 4 us that food is more than sustenance — it’s a bridge between hearts, histories, and shared experiences that linger long after the meal ends. Trying different foods is like 5 new cultures. Sharing meals helps us understand others better. Every bite gives us a deep 6 of the local community, whether it’s the spices of a Moroccan tagine or the simplicity of a Japanese tea ceremony. That’s why we made a guide to the best 7 in each state from Alaska’s salmon salad rooted in Indigenous traditions to Wyoming’s bison burgers celebrating frontier heritage. We also share a chef’s story of mastering all the recipes her mentor (导师) 8 with her and customers’ tips on the 9 that transformed her cooking. These tales feel like 10 wisdom from a kitchen companion — simple, heartfelt, and deeply warm. As Anthony Bourdain said, food might not fix everything, but it’s a 11 start. Let’s begin by 12 new tastes. Whether at home or 13 , food connects us uniquely. So 14 a napkin and enjoy every meal, which is a unique chance to 15 — whether through flavors, stories, or the quiet joy of a shared table.255 1．A．transports B．invites C．restricts D．returns 2．A．terrible B．fast C．homemade D．restaurant 3．A．pain B．memories C．secrets D．dreams 4．A．warn B．inform C．amuse D．remind 5．A．avoiding B．creating C．exploring D．leaving 6．A．doubt B．fear C．understanding D．solution 7．A．book B．food C．drink D．salad 8．A．hid B．bought C．forgot D．shared 9．A．novels B．dishes C．workouts D．hobbies 10．A．flavorful B．useless C．confusing D．technical 11．A．good B．tiny C．bad D．wrong 12．A．refusing B．forgetting C．disliking D．seeking 13．A．late B．upstairs C．above D．abroad 14．A．grab B．lose C．wash D．burn 15．A．imagine B．regret C．experience D．wait 10.（2026·云南省昆明市第一中学联考）The two famous authors, Kurt Vonnegut and Joseph Heller, were invited to a party thrown by a billionaire (亿万富翁). As the host showed off his 1 house to all the guests he had invited and proudly 2 the rare works of art he had collected, Vonnegut 3 that the host had probably earned more 4 in a single day than Heller had earned from his most popular novel over its entire history. Heller 5 back and said, “Yes, he probably has, but I have something he will never have — 6 .” Our society constantly 7 the idea that we never have enough. Every day, we are flooded with 8 urging us to spend not only what we have, but also what we don’t have, in order to acquire more and more 9 . However, what we should do is to 10 what we already have and to open our hearts to it. When our stomachs are satisfied with a simple 11 , we already possess what we need. When we are clothed warmly against the 12 , we are sufficiently provided for. When we have a 13 to protect us from storms and wind, we are 14 guarded. And when we are surrounded by those we love — and who love us 15 — then we are truly rich beyond measure.223 1．A．modest B．tidy C．grand D．plain 2．A．gifted B．arranged C．inspected D．displayed 3．A．confirmed B．joked C．insisted D．advocated 4．A．wealth B．respect C．fame D．credit 5．A．drew B．fought C．talked D．smiled 6．A．talent B．taste C．enough D．forever 7．A．adjusts B．advertises C．judges D．abandons 8．A．messages B．warnings C．excuses. D．instructions 9．A．experiences B．memories C．possessions D．directions 10．A．sort B．ignore C．doubt D．treasure 11．A．meal B．service C．order D．break 12．A．shyness B．coldness C．weakness D．darkness 13．A．shelter B．blanket C．destination D．community 14．A．narrowly B．secretly C．regularly D．properly 15．A．in vain B．by chance C．in return D．by turns 重难·创新演练 设题创新: 幸福感源于日常点滴美好(T1) 点滴付出凝聚合力(T2); 大众重视健康饮食的原因(T3); 科学的价值(T4)；实现有意义生活的重要性(T5) 完形填空说明文和议论文 Passage 1 【新情境·幸福感源于日常点滴美好】（2026届浙江宁波市镇海中学高三模拟预测）Most of us are bad at predicting what will make us happy, including the world’s best athletes. Four years ago, Swiss skier Mathilde Gremaud won gold at just 22 at the Beijing Winter Olympics. But within a month, her joy had 1 . “There’s nothing left,” she said. “It was super 2 .” Gremaud is far from an isolated case. Researchers have found that a significant number of Olympians 3 from a phenomenon called the post-Olympic blues — a(n) 4 crash following the Games. For decades, scientists have sought to 5 why this happens. The answer starts with a simple but 6 fact: people are really bad at predicting what will make them happy. One of the main reasons for this is a cognitive 7 known as “focalism” — the tendency to focus 8 on big, life-changing events while 9 all the smaller, everyday aspects of life. When we imagine happiness, we tend to think of 10 moments: a championship, a promotion, a dream vacation. But here is what researchers have actually discovered: how good your experiences are doesn’t 11 nearly as much as how many good experiences you have. The 12 of small, positive moments is a far better 13 of overall happiness than the intensity of a single great event. 14 , happiness is not one big victory. It is the 15 of hundreds of small things.229 1．A．disappeared B．multiplied C．lessened D．collapsed 2．A．tiring B．empty C．lonely D．meaningless 3．A．escape B．recover C．benefit D．suffer 4．A．emotional B．physical C．sudden D．financial 5．A．carry out B．point out C．figure out D．rule out 6．A．apparent B．surprising C．remarkable D．well-known 7．A．bias B．ability C．error D．blindness 8．A．narrowly B．broadly C．briefly D．casually 9．A．balancing B．remembering C．ignoring D．overvaluing 10．A．memorable B．intense C．rare D．daily 11．A．differ B．matter C．improve D．bother 12．A．duration B．quality C．frequency D．variety 13．A．result B．cause C．reminder D．predictor 14．A．Fortunately B．Similarly C．Obviously D．Actually 15．A．mixture B．outcome C．sum D．achievement Passage 2 【新情境·点滴付出凝聚合力】（2026届湖南部分学校一模）A new year has arrived. It’s a fresh 1 . You wake up determined to finally tackle that 2 challenge on your mind — whether it’s fighting climate change, 3 wild animals, or helping your community. But soon, 4 begin to whisper: “Where should I begin? And if I try, will it really make a 5 ?” Take climate change for example. Even top scientists find it 6 to solve. And here you are, just trying to remember to 7 your own shopping bags to the supermarket. Still, there is one small creature that might 8 us: the honeybee. Marianne Gee, a beekeeper from Canada, says bees teach us something important — that small 9 can lead to big changes. According to Gee, “a bee in her lifetime makes only 1/12th of a teaspoon of honey” — a tiny amount 10 the vast quantity of honey that a typical colony (蜂群) needs to survive. “The most 11 thing isn’t that she does the work; it’s that she doesn’t even do it for herself,” she adds. A bee won’t directly 12 from the honey she makes; instead, it will allow future generations to live and grow after she is gone. In the same way, we can change the 13 — not by focusing on how much we contribute, but by 14 our efforts to those of others. So 15 making honey. Your 1/12th of a teaspoon counts.237 1．A．idea B．start C．greeting D．look 2．A．common B．small C．familiar D．big 3．A．protecting B．watching C．finding D．raising 4．A．beliefs B．arguments C．regrets D．doubts 5．A．promise B．mistake C．difference D．decision 6．A．possible B．hard C．unfit D．urgent 7．A．leave B．give C．bring D．send 8．A．inspire B．help C．amaze D．remind 9．A．actions B．wishes C．strategies D．movements 10．A．separated from B．coming from C．compared to D．connecting with 11．A．enjoyable B．remarkable C．reliable D．believable 12．A．distinguish B．suffer C．learn D．benefit 13．A．situation B．world C．rules D．purpose 14．A．passing B．showing C．introducing D．adding 15．A．consider B．imagine C．keep D．practice Passage 3 【新情境·大众重视健康饮食的原因】（湖北省巴东一中高考模拟）Many Chinese people used to 1 each other with “Have you had your meal?” to show their friendliness. Recently, a new greeting has become 2 in many Chinese cities, namely “Have you 3 weight?” Chen Xin, a manager of a media company in Hangzhou, has 4 his friends after successfully getting 5 . “Following instructions from my nutritionist, I went on a 6 and lost 10 kg,” Chen said with a(n) 7 smile. In recent years, food-delivery services have been growing fast and entering every corner of Chinese cities. Also, Chinese people can 8 buy foods from all over the world. But people are paying more and more attention to their 9 . More people are becoming 10 with various terms, such as “low calories” “sugar cut-off” and “light food”. “I used to eat a lot of unhealthy food, which brought me much 11 ,” Chen said. “Now my health indicators (指标) are becoming 12 , and I can feel that my body is in good 13 again.” Chen is not alone. Many Chinese are troubled with “diseases of richness”, including obesity (肥胖) and high blood pressure, as the quality of life has greatly 14 over the past decades. Most people need to worry about if they have a healthy diet, 15 if they have enough food.219 1．A．ask B．question C．tell D．greet 2．A．important B．necessary C．popular D．usual 3．A．put B．lost C．caught D．gained 4．A．surprised B．excited C．frightened D．scared 5．A．fatter B．fitter C．slimmer D．stronger. 6．A．diet B．walk C．sport D．food 7．A．relaxed B．confused C．interested D．satisfied 8．A．hardly B．simply C．easily D．quickly 9．A．mind B．body C．wealth D．health 10．A．similar B．familiar C．strange D．curious 11．A．trap B．mistake C．trouble D．difficulty 12．A．formal B．normal C．high D．low 13．A．shape B．level C．situation D．condition 14．A．processed B．improved C．changed D．enlarged 15．A．rather than B．or rather C．other than D．more than Passage 4 【新情境·科学的价值】（2026届广东佛山市顺德高三考前保温）Everyone knows that science is important. The aim of science is to 1 how the world, everything in it and beyond it, works. Some people, 2 , claim that much of what is done in the name of science is a waste of time and money. What is the 3 in investigating how atoms behave or in studying stars billions of kilometres away? Science, they argue, is 4 only if it has some practical application. Yet history shows that curiosity-driven research often leads to 5 breakthroughs. When the Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell 6 experiments with electricity and magnetism in the late 19th century, he had no specific end in 7 and was certainly not 8 to earn money; he was simply trying to understand more about how the world works. Despite this, his work laid the 9 for our modern way of life. Computers, satellites, the Internet, mobile phones and medical scanners all owe their existence to the fact that a scientist 10 the need to understand the world a little better. Maxwell's candle-lit laboratory was quiet once more, but the ideas he sparked continue to 11 our world. Now more students 12 to ask questions without obvious answers. Such curiosity 13 seeds that may take years, decades or even centuries to bear fruits. Every experiment, every observation, every failure brings us closer to understanding. The value of science lies not only in what it produces but in the 14 it shapes. And that, ultimately, is the 15 of science.251 1．A．set up B．figure out C．carry out D．make up 2．A．therefore B．moreover C．however D．likewise 3．A．cause B．outcome C．point D．basis 4．A．stable B．profitable C．available D．valuable 5．A．unexpected B．huge C．little D．limited 6．A．conducted B．invented C．learned D．designed 7．A．need B．mind C．hand D．sight 8．A．instructed B．trained C．practicing D．aiming 9．A．conclusion B．foundation C．source D．theory 10．A．met B．avoided C．chose D．felt 11．A．darken B．rule C．light D．decorate 12．A．hesitate B．pretend C．dare D．refuse 13．A．plants B．removes C．destroys D．collects 14．A．mindset B．competition C．cooperation D．history 15．A．challenge B．example C．proof D．significance Passage 5 【新情境·实现有意义生活的重要性】（2026·湖南长沙市周南中学高三考前模拟）In an era overwhelmed by digital overload, people are often trapped in a desperate rush, aimlessly pursuing efficiency and instant satisfaction. Last weekend, I 1 cut myself off from the online chaos and stepped into a quiet bookstore. Free from constant 2 and meaningless social comparisons, I 3 myself in reading and enjoyed the rare quiet that has become a 4 in modern society. This refreshing experience urged me to 5 the true essence of a well-lived life. Nowadays, many people are so 6 to virtual excitement that they fail to appreciate the beauty of real life. They drown themselves in endless information but often feel anxious and 7 . Actually, genuine happiness does not 8 from speed or material 9 . Slow living is by no means 10 to laziness or escape from reality. Instead, it is a sensible lifestyle that 11 cherishing the present moment and embracing simplicity. It teaches us to slow down, to 12 the world attentively, and to follow our inner voice. Only when we 13 from the noisy hurry can we attain lasting peace and discover the true 14 of life. To live slowly is to live purposefully. In such a fast-changing world, this is the key to 15 a meaningful and fulfilling life.210 1．A．continuously B．instantly C．temporarily D．casually 2．A．joys B．distractions C．efforts D．failures 3．A．trained B．assisted C．buried D．instructed 4．A．luxury B．practice C．miracle D．conflict 5．A．take on B．resolve on C．insist on D．reflect on 6．A．opposed B．indifferent C．addicted D．sensitive 7．A．pessimistic B．empty C．awkward D．astonished 8．A．differ B．benefit C．evolve D．result 9．A．possessions B．standards C．demands D．goods 10．A．blind B．equal C．open D．opposite 11．A．pictures B．prohibits C．advocates D．avoids 12．A．perceive B．imagine C．remember D．change 13．A．gain B．suffer C．emerge D．withdraw 14．A．award B．highlight C．value D．trend 15．A．transforming B．leading C．celebrating D．assessing 真题·实战演练 考查重点：利用上下文语境解题，利用词汇复现解题，考查利用逻辑关系解题，利用情感态度解题，考查利用文章的主题解题，考查利用习语搭配解题 1. [2022·全国乙卷] （改编） Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there’s something highly exciting about 　41　 someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.  However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably 　42　 at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies 　43　.  For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was 　44　 as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric”(自我中心的) creatures. But our　45　research results in child developmental psychology contradicted that idea.  We brought young children aged 2—4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.Each child sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or 　46　 . We then asked the child if she could 　47　 or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same 　48　 happened when the adult covered her own mouth: 　49　 children said that they couldn’t speak to her.  A number of 　50　 ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: our young subjects comprehended the questions and knew 　51　 what was asked of them. Their responses to the questions reflected their true 　52　 that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They simply 　53　 mutual(相互的) recognition and regard. Our 　54　 suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method 　55　 when others use it.  (　)41. A.following　　　 B.taking C.escaping D.directing (　)42. A.clever B.bad C.scared D.quick (　)43. A.exposed B.examined C.untouched D.imbalanced (　)44. A.supported B.guaranteed C.imagined D.interpreted (　)45. A.disappointing B.mixed C.surprising D.desired (　)46. A.feet B.nose C.hands D.ears (　)47. A.see B.help C.reach D.fool (　)48. A.event B.thing C.action D.accident (　)49. A.yet B.now C.soon D.once (　)50. A.instructions B.descriptions C.experiments D.assumptions (　)51. A.partly B.honestly C.vaguely D.exactly (　)52. A.ability B.belief C.identity D.purpose (　)53. A.hold back B.relate to C.insist on D.make up (　)54. A.limitations B.requirements C.theories D.findings (　55. A.tentative B.impressive C.creative D.effective 2.（2022年6月浙江改编）Small children are easy to throw up in the air and catch-and they ___36___ it. “Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again. He throws his arms and legs out ___37___ he were flying, his eyes wide with excitement. His trust in me is absolute which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense of ___38___ . I hope Jacky will always trust me fully, but I know that, as he gets ___39___ , it will need more effort and sound judgment on my part. Trust is such an important part of a parent-child relationship that it’s something that can’t ___40___ to lose. Every time I introduce Jacky to something new, he’ll do it only because he trusts me and feels ___41___ in the knowledge that he won’t get hurt .___42___ , teaching Jacky to swim means he has to ___43___ that, when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down. ___44___ in the workplace, trust is important for strong ___45___ . It is something that every manager should work hard to ___46___ among their team. If people don’t trust you, they’re unlikely to ___47___ your directions and willingly become a loyal (忠诚) team member. A ___48___ of trust can make people work against you rather than for you. At the very least, it means that people are not going to be ___49___ you their best. Good ___50___, like good parenting, is a long-term commitment. 36. A. deserve B. miss C. love D. know 37. A. as if B. in case C. even though D. so that 38. A. relief B. satisfaction C. achievement D. responsibility 39. A. older B. busier C. quieter D. healthier 40. A. afford B. choose C. wait D. expect 41. A. safe B. happy C. proud D. grateful 42. A. Above all B. In addition C. At first D. For example 43. A. admit B. believe C. suggest D. imagine 44. A. However B. Therefore C. Similarly D. Fortunately 45. A. affection B. determination C. friendship D. leadership 46. A. assess B. organize C. develop D. understand 47. A. repeat B. follow C. change D. forget 48. A. gesture B. measure C. bond D. lack 49. A. telling B. giving C. selling D. sending 50. A. management B. personality C. communication D. education 3.（2021年天津卷） For most people, having things stolen feels like an offence. Robbie Pruitt admitted that he got ____16____ when he discovered the theft of his mountain bike last September. But soon enough, his ____17____ took a turn. After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy ____18____. For Pruitt, a keen bicyclist, the first thing to do was ____19____ his stolen bike. But when he went bike shopping, he found few available, which got him thinking: What if the ____20____ of bikes was Covid-19 related, and what if the person who'd taken his bike really needed ____21____ to get to work? With that thought in mind, Pruitt ____22____ a plan and posted it on the community website. He ____23____ to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it. He also asked for unwanted bikes, which he would repair-again ____24____. And then he would donate them to folks who could truly use them but didn't have the ____25____ to buy one. The day the post went live, Pruitt received thirty ____26____ bicycles. Then came more than 500 ____27____ for detailed information. By the end of 2020, Pruitt had repaired more than 140 for donation or to be ____28____ to their owners. Pruitt tries to give his donations to families that are ____29____ struggling. ____30____ simply satisfying a material need, he has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes. In addition to ____31____ skills, Pruitt's lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth, and promote feelings of community. ____32____, the kids have gained a sense of accomplishment. "It's a really great ____33____ for kids,“ said a neighbor in an interview with the local newspaper. "Pruitt is certainly providing a ____34____, but it's not just the bikes. It's the relationships in the community. It's the ____35____ that he can make on people." 16. A. amazed B. mad C. curious D. frightened 17. A. emotions B. career C. opinions D. route 18. A. ever B. together C. instead D. yet 19. A. ride B. lock C. repair D. replace 20. A. lack B. variety C. increase D. quality 21. A. instruction B. qualification C. transportation D. permission 22. A. came up with B. stuck to C. gave up D. broke away from 23. A. remembered B. refused C. hesitated D. offered 24. A. by accident B. in advance C. for free D. on credit 25. A. profit B. budget C. courage D. excuse 26. A. shared B. used C. expensive D. modern 27. A. enquiries B. advertisements C. notices D. announcements 28. A. exported B. sold C. lent D. returned 29. A. hardly B. slightly C. truly D. instantly 30. A. Without B. Beyond C. Upon D. Among 31. A. practical B. commercial C. mathematical D. social 32. A. Otherwise B. However C. Somehow D. Meanwhile 33. A. promise B. celebration C. comfort D. experience 34. A. competition B. service C. ceremony D. suggestion 35. A. compromise B. impression C. impact D. progress 4.（2015年安徽卷） In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one. The 71 is that countries around the world have growing mountains of 72 because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before. How did we 73 a throwaway society? First of all, it is now easier to 74 an object than to spend time and money to repair it. 75 modern manufacturing (制造业)and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and 76 . Another cause is our 77 of disposable (一次性的) products. As 78 people, we are always looking for 79 to save time and make our lives easier. Companies 80 thousands of different kinds of disposable products: paper plates, plastic cups, and cameras, to name a few. Our appetite for new products also 81 to the problem. We are 82 buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that 83 is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we 84 useful possessions to make room for new ones. All around the world, we can see the 85 of this throwaway lifestyle. Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger. To 86 the amount of rubbish and to protect the 87 , more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. 88 , this is not enough to solve (解决) our problem. Maybe there is another way out. We need to repair our possessions 89 throwing them away. We also need to rethink our attitudes about 90 . Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment. 71．A．key B．reason C．project D．problem 72．A．gifts B．rubbish C．debt D．products 73．A．face B．become C．observe D．change 74．A．hide B．control C．replace D．withdraw 75．A．Thanks to B．As to C．Except for D．Regardless of 76．A．safe B．funny C．cheap D．powerful 77．A．love B．lack C．prevention D．division 78．A．sensitive B．kind C．brave D．busy 79．A．ways B．places C．jobs D．friends 80．A．donate B．receive C．produce D．preserve 81．A．adapts B．returns C．responds D．contributes 82．A．tired of B．addicted to C．worried about D．ashamed for 83．A．newer B．stronger C．higher D．larger 84．A．pick up B．pay for C．hold onto D．throw away 85．A．advantages B．purposes C．functions D．consequences 86．A．show B．record C．decrease D．measure 87．A．technology B．environment C．consumers D．brands 88．A．However B．Otherwise C．Therefore D．Meanwhile 89．A．by B．in favour of C．after D．instead of 90．A．spending B．collecting C．repairing D．advertising 5.（2013年广东卷） Number sense is not the ability to count. It is the ability to recognize a 21 , in number. Human beings are born with this ability. 22 , experiments show that many animals are, too. For example, many birds have good number sense. If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not 23 However, if you remove two, the bird 24 leaves. This means that the bird knows the 25 between two and three. Another interesting experiment showed a bird's 26 number sense. A man was trying to take a photo of a crow(乌鸦)that had a nest in a tower, but the crow always left when she saw him coming. The bird did not 27 until the man left the tower. The man had an 28 . He took another man with him to the tower. One man left and the other stayed, but they did not 29 the bird. The crow stayed away until the second man left, too. The experiment was 30 with three men and then with four men. But the crow did not return to the nest until all the men were 31 . It was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were 32 able to fool the crow. How good is a human's number sense? It's not very good. For example, babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a 33 group. But when the number goes beyond three or four, the children are 34 fooled. It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world, and that our human 35 is not much better than a crow's. 21．A．rise B．pattern C．change D．trend 22．A．Importantly B．Surprisingly C．Disappointedly D．Fortunately 23．A．survive B．care C．hatch D．notice 24．A．generally B．sincerely C．casually D．deliberately 25．A．distance B．range C．different D．interval 26．A．amazing B．annoying C．satisfying D．disturbing 27．A．relax B．recover C．react D．return 28．A．appointment B．excuse C．idea D．explanation 29．A．fool B．hurt C．catch D．kill 30．A．reported B．repeated C．designed D．approved 31．A．confused B．gone C．tired D．drunk 32．A．gradually B．luckily C．strangely D．finally 33．A．single B．small C．local D．new 34．A．seldom B．temporarily C．merely D．often 35．A．sight B．nature C．ability D．belief 6.（2010年安徽卷） Most people give little thought to the pens they write with, especially since the printers in modern homes and offices mean that very 36 things are handwritten. All too often, people buy a pen based only on 37 , and wonder why they are not satisfied 38 they begin to use it. However, buying a pen that you’ll enjoy is not 39 if you keep the following in mind.     First of all, a pen should fit comfortably in your hand and be 40 to use. The thickness of the pen is the most important characteristic (特征) 41 comfort. Having a small hand and thick fingers, you may comfortable with a thin pen. If you have a 42 hand and thicker fingers you may 43 a fatter pen. The length of a pen can 44 influence comfort. A pen that is too 45 can easily feeltop heavy and unstable.     Then, the writing point of the pen should 46 the ink to flow evenly(均匀的) while that pen remains in touch with the paper. 47 will make it possibly for you to create a 48 line of writing. The point should also be sensitive enough to 49 ink from running when the pen is lifted. A point that does not block the 50 may leave drops of ink, 51 you pick the pen up and put it down again. 52 , the pen should make a thick, dark line. Fine line pens may 53 bad handwriting, but fine, delicate lines do not command 54 next to printed text, as, 55 , a signature on a printed letter. A broader line, on the other hand, gives an impression of confidence and authority (权威)。 36．A．many B．few C．pleasant D．important 37．A．looks B．reason C．value D．advantages 38．A．once B．if C．because D．though 39．A．convenient B．practical C．strange D．difficult 40．A．heavy B．easy C．hard D．safe 41．A．taking B．finding C．determining D．seeking 42．A．strong B．weaker C．smaller D．larger 43．A．prefer B．recommend C．prepare D．demand 44．A．hardly B．also C．never D．still 45．A．thick B．light C．long D．soft 46．A．change B．allow C．reduce D．press 47．A．they B．one C．this D．some 48．A．thin B．rough C．black D．smooth 49．A．prevent B．free C．protect D．remove 50．A．way B．sight C．flow D．stream 51．A．so B．as C．and D．yet 52．A．Meanwhile B．Generally C．Afterwards D．Finally 53．A．show up B．differ from C．break down D．compensate for 54．A．attention B．support C．respect D．admission 55．A．at most B．for example C．in brief D．on purpose 7.（2009年江苏卷） The requirements for high school graduation have just changed in my community. As a result, all students must 1 sixty hours of service learning, 2 they will not receive a diploma. Service learning is academic learning that also helps the community. 3 of service learning include cleaning up a polluted river, working in a soup kitchen, or tutoring a student. 4 a service experience, students must keep a journal and then write a 5 about what they have learned. Supporters claim that there are many 6 of service learning. Perhaps most importantly, students are forced to think 7 their own interests and become 8 of the needs of others. Students are also able to learn real­life skills that 9 responsibility, problem­solving, and working as part of a team. 10 students can explore possible careers 11 service learning. For example, if a student wonders what teaching is like, he or she can choose to work in an elementary school classroom a few afternoons each month. 12 there are many benefits, opponents 13 problems with the new requirement. First, they 14 that the main reason students go to school is to learn core subjects and skills. Because service learning is time­consuming, students spend 15 time studying the core subjects. Second, they believe that forcing students to work without 16 goes against the law. By requiring service, the school takes away an individual’s freedom to choose. In my view, service learning is a great way to 17 to the community, learn new skills, and explore different careers. 18 , I don’t believe you should force people to help others — the 19 to help must come from the heart. I think the best 20 is one that gives students choices: a student should be able to choose sixty hours of independent study or sixty hours of service. Choice encourages both freedom and responsibility and as young adults, we must learn to handle both wisely. 1．A．spend B．gain C．complete D．save 2．A．and B．or C．but D．for 3．A．Subjects B．Ideas C．Procedures D．Examples 4．A．With B．Before C．During D．After 5．A．diary B．report C．note D．notice 6．A．courses B．benefits C．challenges D．features 7．A．beyond B．about C．over D．in 8．A．careful B．proud C．tired D．aware 9．A．possess B．apply C．include D．develop 10．A．Gradually B．Finally C．Luckily D．Hopefully 11．A．through B．across C．of D．on 12．A．So B．Thus C．Since D．While 13．A．deal with B．look into C．point out D．take down 14．A．argue B．doubt C．overlook D．admit 15．A．much B．full C．less D．more 16．A．cost B．pay C．care D．praise 17．A．contribute B．appeal C．attend D．belong 18．A．Therefore B．Otherwise C．Besides D．However 19．A．courage B．desire C．emotion D．spirit 20．A．decision B．purpose C．solution D．result 11 / 26网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 完形填空——说明文和议论文 目 录 模拟·基础演练 1 重难·创新演练 7 真题·实战演练 13 模拟·基础演练 考查重点：利用上下文语境解题，利用词汇复现解题，考查利用逻辑关系解题，利用情感态度解题，考查利用文章的主题解题，考查利用习语搭配解题 完形填空说明文和议论文 1.（2026·广东广州市普通高中毕业班考前冲刺题（一））As a psychology professor, I’ve studied the happiness curve for years. But looking at the 1 faces in my classroom, I felt my research wasn’t helping. Young adults increasingly report lower levels of 2 than middle-aged and older adults. One day, I tried something 3 . I asked my class: “Do you think the students around you are 4 ?” Most hands went up. Then I asked: “Do you think others see you as cold too?” Nearly every hand 5 . Then I showed them our survey results: 92% of those surveyed wanted deeper 6 , and 85% were ready to help a classmate in need. The room went quiet. The results had surprised them. A girl whispered, “But Professor, everyone wears headphones and always looks 7 .” “We usually 8 how friendly and kind we all are,” I explained. So we 9 the Connection Project. We put posters up in dormitories and also 10 students to take chances on each other. Mark, a silent freshman, dined with three unfamiliar 11 . Soon they became a learning circle. “We weren’t really enjoying being alone — we were just too 12 to reach out,” Mark told us. Six months later participants reported 30% higher happiness and, 13 , four new friends. On the last day of my course, I closed my notebook and said, “Happiness isn’t a fruit you enjoy 14 , but a garden we grow together. We must jump into the social waters, even when staying on 15 is safer.”251 1．A．excited B．blank C．angry D．smiling 2．A．anxiety B．pressure C．education D．happiness 3．A．fun B．different C．easy D．risky 4．A．cruel B．proud C．unfriendly D．smart 5．A．stayed up B．reached out C．pulled back D．went down 6．A．investigations B．connections C．thoughts D．learning 7．A．tired B．concerned C．busy D．alert 8．A．highlight B．wonder C．appreciate D．underestimate 9．A．supported B．modified C．designed D．launched 10．A．forced B．allowed C．encouraged D．challenged 11．A．volunteers B．professors C．classmates D．relatives 12．A．shy B．lazy C．modest D．polite 13．A．for instance B．in total C．as usual D．on average 14．A．alone B．most C．secretly D．freely 15．A．stage B．shore C．site D．campus 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．D 10．C 11．C 12．A 13．D 14．A 15．B 【解析】文章主要讲述了心理学教授发现青年普遍低估他人善意，彼此心存隔阂。校方开展社交联结活动，鼓励学生主动交往。参与后大家幸福感显著提升，也领悟到了幸福需要主动相处、携手共创。 1．考查形容词。句意：但看着教室里茫然的脸庞，我发觉自己的研究收效甚微。A. excited兴奋的；B. blank茫然的；C. angry生气的；D. smiling微笑的。后文“Young adults increasingly report lower levels of ____ than middle-aged and older adults.”提及年轻人幸福感偏低，神情低落茫然。 2．考查名词。句意：年轻人自述的幸福感越来越低于中老年人。A. anxiety焦虑；B. pressure压力；C. education教育；D. happiness幸福。根据上文“As a psychology professor, I’ve studied the happiness curve for years.”可知，开篇点明研究幸福曲线，说明是年轻人自述的幸福感越来越低于中老年人。 3．考查形容词。句意：某天我尝试了别样的做法。A. fun有趣的；B. different不同的；C. easy简单的；D. risky冒险的。根据后文“Do you think the students around you are”可知，作者一改常规研究方式，开展课堂提问。 4．考查形容词。句意：你们觉得身边同学待人不友善吗？A. cruel残忍的；B. proud骄傲的；C. unfriendly不友善的；D. smart聪明的。根据下文“Do you think others see you as cold too?”可推知，此处指课堂提问的是身边同学是否不友善，此处考查词义应与下文的cold相似。 5．考查动词短语。句意：几乎每个人的双手都高高举起。A. stayed up保持原位，熬夜；B. reached out伸出；C. pulled back撤回；D. went down降下。根据上文“Young adults increasingly report lower levels of ____ than middle-aged and older adults.”提到年轻人自述的幸福感越来越低于中老年人，说明大家觉得别人也认为自己很冷漠，所以大家还是举着手。 6．考查名词。句意：然后我向他们展示了我们的调查结果：接受调查的92%的人希望建立更紧密的联系，而85%的人愿意在同学有需要时伸出援手。A. investigations调查；B. connections联系；C. thoughts想法；D. learning学习。根据后文“85% were ready to help a classmate in need.”以及文章围绕人际交往展开，推测接受调查的92%的人希望建立更紧密的联系。 7．考查形容词。句意：一个女孩小声说道：“但是教授，大家都戴着耳机，而且总是看起来很忙碌。”A. tired疲惫的；B. concerned担忧的；C. busy忙碌的；D. alert警觉的。根据上文“everyone wears headphones”可知，戴耳机呈现出无暇交流的状态。 8．考查动词。句意：我们往往低估了彼此的友善与热心。A. highlight强调；B. wonder疑惑；C. appreciate感激；D. underestimate低估。根据上文“The results had surprised them.”可知，人们误解彼此态度，低估善意。 9．考查动词。句意：于是我们发起联结项目。A. supported支持；B. modified修改；C. designed设计；D. launched发起。根据后文“the Connection Project”可知，此处指发起联结项目，开创活动项目常用launch。 10．考查动词。句意：我们在宿舍里张贴了海报，并且还鼓励学生们相互信任、相互支持。A. forced逼迫；B. allowed允许；C. encouraged鼓励；D. challenged挑战。根据后文“students to take chances on each other”可知，贴海报是为了倡导大家主动交往。 11．考查名词。句意：马克是一名沉默寡言的大一新生，他与三位陌生的同学一起用餐。A. volunteers志愿者；B. professors教授；C. classmates同学；D. relatives亲属。根据上文“students to take chances on each other”可知，校园场景交往对象为同学。 12．考查形容词。句意：我们并非享受独处，只是怯于主动靠近。A. shy腼腆的；B. lazy懒惰的；C. modest谦逊的；D. polite礼貌的。根据上文“We weren’t really enjoying being alone”可知，不敢主动交流是性格羞怯所致。 13．考查短语。句意：六个月后参与者幸福感平均提升三成，人均收获四位新朋友。A. for instance例如；B. in total总共；C. as usual照例；D. on average平均。根据上文“Six months later participants reported 30% higher happiness and”可知，此处指统计整体人均数据。 14．考查副词。句意：在我课程的最后一天，我合上笔记本说道：“幸福不是你独自享用的果实，而是一个我们共同培育的花园。”A. alone独自地；B. most大多；C. secretly隐秘地；D. freely自由地。和后文“but a garden we grow together”共同成长形成对比，指独自享用果实。 15．考查名词。句意：即便停留在岸边更安稳，我们也要主动踏入社交洪流。A. stage舞台；B. shore岸边；C. site地点；D. campus校园。根据上文“We must jump into the social waters”可知，此处用水岸比喻封闭自我的状态。 2.（2026·辽宁重点高中三模）It’s picking season at Christian Nachtwey’s orchard (果园) in Germany. Workers are loading their cars with 1 apples, which will be delivered to supermarkets all over Europe. But Nachtwey’s orchard is not a 2 farm; Many of the apple trees grow beneath solar panels that have been producing 3 during this year’s unusually sun-rich summer, while providing the fruit below with much-needed 4 . Setting up solar panels above farmland is becoming increasingly 5 in Europe and North America, as farmers 6 to make the most of their land and get a second source of income. “Getting the right mix of crops and solar panels is 7 though, because modern fruit varieties need 8 growing conditions,” Nachtwey says. “Any 9 can disturb the balance and lead to the wrong color or taste that consumers 10 .” That’s why Nachtwey is 11 with researchers to test which apple varieties grow well under the solar panels. To 12 the results, researchers say that they need at least two to three full years to record all the weather conditions that might occur. “We hope that the 13 will tell us which fruit tree grows well under solar panels. This could help prevent renewable energy production from 14 for precious land with agriculture. It is a growing concern for those trying to 15 rising costs and climate change,” says Juergen Zimmer, one of the experts who are working with Nachtwey.237 1．A．damaged B．ripe C．salty D．processed 2．A．profitable B．new C．conventional D．big 3．A．electricity B．fruit C．wine D．rice 4．A．light B．water C．wind D．shade 5．A．popular B．competitive C．costly D．easy 6．A．hesitate B．refuse C．seek D．claim 7．A．beneficial B．convenient C．harmful D．hard 8．A．particular B．adjusted C．traditional D．unknown 9．A．people B．change C．crop D．delay 10．A．pay B．dislike C．prefer D．need 11．A．arguing B．living C．collaborating D．joking 12．A．ignore B．mix C．accept D．compare 13．A．devices B．tests C．experts D．authorities 14．A．competing B．looking C．standing D．longing 15．A．give way to B．concentrate on C．deal with D．take care of 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．B 11．C 12．D 13．B 14．A 15．C 【解析】文章主要介绍欧美农地光伏与果树种植结合的新模式，兼顾发电增收与农业生产，但仍需长期试验适配品种。 1．考查形容词。句意：工人们正把成熟的苹果装满汽车，这些苹果将被运往欧洲各地的超市。A. damaged受损的；B. ripe成熟的；C. salty咸的；D. processed加工过的。根据前文“It’s picking season at Christian Nachtwey’s orchard”可知，采摘季节收获的是已经成熟的苹果。 2．考查形容词。句意：但纳赫特韦的果园并不是一座传统农场。A. profitable盈利的；B. new新的；C. conventional传统的；D. big大型的。根据后文“Many of the apple trees grow beneath solar panels”可知，果树上方架设太阳能板，模式特殊，不属于普通传统农场。 3．考查名词。句意：许多苹果树生长在太阳能板下方，这些太阳能板在今年日照格外充足的夏季一直发电。A. electricity电力；B. fruit水果；C. wine葡萄酒；D. rice大米。根据前文“solar panels”可知，太阳能板的功能是吸收光能产生电力。 4．考查名词。句意：同时为下方的果树提供急需的阴凉遮蔽。A. light光线；B. water水分；C. wind风；D. shade阴凉。根据前文“grow beneath solar panels”可知，太阳能板遮挡阳光，能给果树形成阴凉环境。 5．考查形容词。句意：在农田上方架设太阳能板在欧美正变得越来越流行。A. popular流行的；B. competitive有竞争力的；C. costly昂贵的；D. easy容易的。根据后文“farmers ______ to make the most of their land and get a second source of income”可知，这种模式能提高土地利用率、增加收入，因此越来越受欢迎。 6．考查动词。句意：因为农民力求充分利用土地，获得第二份收入来源。A. hesitate犹豫；B. refuse拒绝；C. seek力求，寻求；D. claim声称。根据前文“Setting up solar panels above farmland is becoming increasingly ______ in Europe and North America”可知，农民主动寻求这种新模式，最大化利用土地并增收。 7．考查形容词。句意：不过，合理搭配农作物和太阳能板却是一件难事。A. beneficial有益的；B. convenient方便的；C. harmful有害的；D. hard困难的。根据后文“Any ______ can disturb the balance and lead to the wrong color or taste”可知，搭配不当会破坏生长平衡，想要配比合适并不容易。 8．考查形容词。句意：因为现代水果品种有着特定的生长条件要求。A. particular特定的；B. adjusted调整过的；C. traditional传统的；D. unknown未知的。根据后文“disturb the balance and lead to the wrong color or taste”可知，果树对生长环境有特定要求，环境稍有变动就会影响果实品质。 9．考查名词。句意：任何一点变动都会打破这种平衡，导致果实色泽和口感变差。A. people人们；B. change变动，变化；C. crop农作物；D. delay延误。根据前文“because modern fruit varieties need ______ growing conditions”可知，现代水果对生长环境要求特定要求，由此猜测，生长环境一旦发生变动，就会破坏原有生长平衡。 10．考查动词。句意：导致出现消费者不喜欢的色泽或口感。A. pay支付；B. dislike不喜欢；C. prefer偏爱；D. need需要。根据前文“disturb the balance”可知，平衡被破坏后果实品质下降，形成消费者不喜欢的品相和味道。 11．考查动词。句意：这就是纳赫特韦与研究人员合作，测试哪些苹果品种适合在太阳能板下生长的原因。A. arguing争论；B. living居住；C. collaborating合作；D. joking开玩笑。根据后文“test which apple varieties grow well under the solar panels”可知，农场主和科研人员一起合作开展品种试验。 12．考查动词。句意：为了对比试验结果，研究人员表示至少需要两到三年完整周期，记录所有可能出现的天气状况。A. ignore忽视；B. mix混合；C. accept接受；D. compare对比。根据后文“researchers say that they need at least two to three full years to record all the weather conditions that might occur.”可知，长期记录数据是为了对比不同年份、不同环境下的生长结果。 13．考查名词。句意：我们希望这些测试能告诉我们哪些果树适合在太阳能板下生长。A. devices设备；B. tests测试；C. experts专家；D. authorities权威机构。根据前文“test which apple varieties grow well under the solar panels”可知，依靠这些试验测试得出适配品种的结论。 14．考查动词。句意：这有助于避免可再生能源生产与农业争夺宝贵土地资源。A. competing竞争；B. looking看；C. standing站立；D. longing渴望。根据后文“precious land with agriculture”可知，农光互补模式可以避免发电项目和农业相互争抢土地。 15．考查动词短语。句意：对于那些努力应对成本上涨和气候变化的人来说，这是一个日益受关注的问题。A. give way to让步；B. concentrate on专注于；C. deal with应对，处理；D. take care of照顾。根据后文“rising costs and climate change”可知，人们需要想办法应对成本上涨与气候变化带来的压力。 3.（2026届青海西宁市大通县第二次模拟）As children returned to school in Sweden last month, many of their teachers were putting new importance on some traditional skills. These included reading printed books, quiet reading time and 1 practice. Teachers were spending 2 time with digital devices, online research and typing skills. The return to traditional ways of learning might be the 3 to criticism about dependence on electronic technology in education. Critics 4 that students are not learning basic skills with the introduction of tablets (平板电脑) in schools. They also claim that physical books are 5 for student learning. According to an international test, compared with other European countries, Sweden’s children 6 below average in 2023. This could partly 7 an overuse of electronic devices during school lessons, which might cause kids to fall behind. Digital learning tools in schools have 8 drawn widespread concern. There has been clear scientific evidence that digital learning tools harm rather than 9 student learning. Moreover, information from digital sources may not be 10 . Parents always 11 that their children are spending too much time staring at screens, which they believe can lead to 12 problems as well as neck and back strain (拉伤). They also fear that the constant 13 to digital distractions may weaken their children’s ability to focus and learn effectively. In response, schools begin to carry out policies and practices that 14 to reduce screen time and promote more 15 learning environments.239 1．A．pronunciation B．teaching C．handwriting D．translation 2．A．less B．better C．more D．worse 3．A．access B．answer C．topic D．ability 4．A．admire B．deny C．object D．argue 5．A．essential B．interesting C．demanding D．secondary 6．A．sought B．advanced C．cheated D．scored 7．A．lead to B．rule out C．result from D．focus on 8．A．only B．even C．still D．seldom 9．A．soften B．rescue C．enhance D．track 10．A．accurate B．specific C．global D．official 11．A．approve B．complain C．regard D．pretend 12．A．hearing B．heart C．sight D．mind 13．A．resistance B．addiction C．commitment D．exposure 14．A．refer B．aim C．suit D．agree 15．A．balanced B．diverse C．severe D．stable 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．A 11．B 12．C 13．D 14．B 15．A 【解析】这篇文章主要介绍了瑞典学校重拾手写、纸质阅读等传统学习方式，减少电子设备使用。过度数字化拖累学生成绩、危害健康与学习效率，多方对此担忧，学校出台政策营造均衡的学习环境。 1．考查名词。句意：这些技能包括阅读印刷书籍、安静的阅读时间以及书写练习。A. pronunciation发音；B. teaching教学；C. handwriting书写；D. translation翻译。根据前文列举传统技能“reading printed books, quiet reading time”均为线下传统学习行为，可知，手写练习属于同类传统技能。 2．考查形容词。句意：老师们减少了使用电子设备、进行在线研究和打字技能的时间。A. less更少的；B. better更好的；C. more更多的；D. worse更差的。根据上文“many of their teachers were putting new importance on some traditional skills”可知，学校重新重视传统技能，必然减少电子设备、线上查阅、打字等数字化学习的时间。 3．考查名词。句意：回归传统的学习方式或许能解决有关教育中过度依赖电子技术的批评。A. access通道，使用权；B. answer回应，答案；C. topic话题；D. ability能力。根据句意以及下文“…to criticism about dependence on electronic technology in education”可知，外界一直批评教育过度依赖电子科技，回归传统就是对此的回应。固定搭配the answer to criticism“对批评的回应”。 4．考查动词。句意：批评者认为，自从学校引入平板电脑后，学生们并没有掌握基本技能。A. admire欣赏；B. deny否认；C. object反对；D. argue主张，认为。根据句意以及下文“…that students are not learning basic skills with the introduction of tablets in schools”可知，批评者认为，自从学校引入平板电脑后，学生们并没有掌握基本技能。 5．考查形容词。句意：他们还声称，实体书籍对于学生的学习至关重要。A. essential至关重要的；B. interesting有趣的；C. demanding费力的；D. secondary次要的。根据上文“They also claim that physical books”以及全文推崇传统纸质学习，批判数字化，因此纸质书对学习是必不可少的。 6．考查动词。句意：根据一项国际测试，与其他欧洲国家相比，瑞典孩子的 2023 年成绩得分低于平均水平。A. sought寻找；B. advanced进步；C. cheated作弊；D. scored得分。根据句意以及上文“According to an international test”可知，此处指的是瑞典孩子的2023 年成绩得分低于平均水平。 7．考查动词短语。句意：这可能部分是由于在课堂上过度使用电子设备所致，这可能会导致孩子们落后。A. lead to导致；B. rule out排除；C. result from起因于；D. focus on聚焦于。 根据下文“an overuse of electronic devices during school lessons”可知，成绩偏低，部分源于课堂过度使用电子设备。 8．考查副词。句意：学校里的数字学习工具甚至引起了广泛的担忧。A. only仅仅；B. even甚至；C. still仍然；D. seldom很少。根据前文提到数字化带来诸多问题，语境下文“drawn widespread concern”可知，此处递进指出：数字化学习工具甚至引发了全社会的广泛担忧。 9．考查动词。句意：有明确的科学证据表明，数字学习工具对学生的学习起着损害而非促进的作用。A. soften软化；B. rescue拯救；C. enhance提升，增强；D. track追踪。根据句意以及上文“digital learning tools harm rather than”可知，数字工具损害而非提升学生学习效果。 10．考查形容词。句意：此外，来自数字来源的信息可能并不准确。A. accurate准确的；B. specific具体的；C. global全球的；D. official官方的。根据语境以及上文“information from digital sources may not be”可知，网络信息杂乱，天然弊端是不够准确、真伪难辨。 11．考查动词。句意：家长们总是抱怨自己的孩子花太多时间盯着屏幕，他们认为这可能会导致视力问题以及颈部和背部拉伤。A. approve赞成；B. complain抱怨；C. regard看待；D. pretend假装。根据后文“their children are spending too much time staring at screens”提到孩子盯着屏幕太久、损害健康，可知，此处指的是家长的不满与抱怨。 12．考查名词。句意：家长们总是抱怨自己的孩子花太多时间盯着屏幕，他们认为这可能会导致视力问题以及颈部和背部拉伤。A. hearing听力；B. heart心脏；C. sight视力；D. mind心智。根据上文“spending too much time staring at screens”可知，长时间看屏幕，最直接的问题是视力下降。 13．考查名词。句意：他们还担心孩子长期接触电子干扰因素可能会削弱他们集中注意力和有效学习的能力。A. resistance抵制；B. addiction上瘾；C. commitment投入；D. exposure接触，暴露。根据语境以及下文“digital distractions may weaken their children’s ability to focus”可知，长期接触各类数字干扰，会削弱专注力。 14．考查动词。句意：对此，学校开始实施相关政策和措施，旨在减少屏幕使用时间，并营造更加平衡的学习环境。A. refer参考；B. aim旨在，目标是；C. suit适合；D. agree同意。根据上文“In response, schools begin to carry out policies and practices”可知，校出台政策，目的是减少屏幕时间。固定搭配aim to do“旨在做某事”。 15．考查形容词。句意：对此，学校开始实施相关政策和措施，旨在减少屏幕使用时间，并营造更加平衡的学习环境。A. balanced均衡的；B. diverse多样的；C. severe严苛的；D. stable稳定的。根据语境以及下文“learning environments”可知，减少数字化、回归传统，目的是平衡两种学习模式，打造均衡的学习环境。 4.（2026·江西高中毕业班毕业班诊断性考试）A book on China’s governance 1 my life. After reading it, I realized a global vision embracing all 2 had entered international relations, and I wanted to be part of it. As an international relations scholar, I came to China to understand it 3 my own reality, dedicating my career to studying its foreign policy. While preparing for my doctoral exam, I first 4 writings on China’s governance. My research focuses on the Global civilization Initiative, which required deep 5 with Chinese diplomatic (外交的) concepts. I arrived nearly three years ago speaking no Chinese, so I read English versions, compared them with Chinese texts, and 6 my own research dictionary. Without understanding these concepts, grasping China’s policies is impossible. I discovered many diplomatic concepts 7 essence in translation. “People-to-people 8 ” might be better understood as “people’s hearts communicating” — reflecting the vision of a 9 future for humanity. One passage resonates: 10 common human values while respecting each nation’s path to 11 them. This balance between self-determination and shared principles is a 12 we could all embrace. The book’s emphasis on “ecological civilization” also 13 . I now participate in a scholarship exploring low-carbon strategies and environmental governance, learning what 14 progress requires. Rather than simply offering enlightenment, this book gives me hope: hope that a global vision recognizing humanity as one, 15 in facing unprecedented challenges, exists.230 1．A．touched B．changed C．backed D．ached 2．A．humanity B．countries C．communities D．species 3．A．via B．through C．by D．with 4．A．turned B．grabbed C．learned D．encountered 5．A．familiarity B．similarity C．comprehension D．resonance 6．A．created B．invented C．built D．found 7．A．lose B．loose C．waste D．miss 8．A．negotiation B．connectivity C．relationship D．understanding 9．A．shared B．bright C．common D．meaningful 10．A．dominate B．charge C．champion D．mine 11．A．objecting B．outperforming C．reaching D．realizing 12．A．spot B．view C．point D．perspective 13．A．stood out B．beamed out C．faced out D．lingered out 14．A．extraordinary B．sustainable C．exceptional D．distinctive 15．A．made B．forced C．united D．associated 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．C 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．C 11．D 12．D 13．A 14．B 15．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一本关于中国治理的书改变作者人生，让其理解中国外交理念与人类共同价值。作者来华深入研究，从中获得启发与希望，坚信人类应团结应对全球挑战。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一本关于中国治理方式的书彻底改变了我的人生。A. touched触摸；B. changed改变；C. backed支持；D. ached疼痛。根据后文“After reading it, I realized a global vision embracing all ____ had entered international relations, and I wanted to be part of it.”可知，这本书对作者的生活产生了深远影响，使其意识到全球视野并决定研究中国外交政策。故选B。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：读完之后，我意识到一种涵盖全人类的全球视野已经融入了国际关系之中，而我也希望能够成为其中的一份子。A. humanity人类；B. countries国家；C. communities社区；D. species物种。根据后文“future for humanity”可知，此处指作者意识到一种涵盖全人类的全球视野已经融入了国际关系之中，故选A。 3．考查介词词义辨析。句意：作为一名国际关系学者，我来到中国是为了通过自身的经历来深入了解这个国家，我的职业生涯一直致力于研究中国的外交政策。A. via通过；B. through穿过；C. by由；D. with和。根据后文“my own reality, dedicating my career to studying its foreign policy”可知，作者通过亲身体验（来中国）理解中国治理模式。故选B。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在准备博士考试的过程中，我首次接触到了有关中国治理方式的文献资料。A. turned转向；B. grabbed抓住；C. learned学习；D. encountered遭遇，接触。根据后文“writings on China’s governance”可知，作者在备考博士时首次“接触”到关于中国治理的著作。故选D。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的研究重点在于“全球文明倡议”这一课题，为此我需要深入理解中国的外交理念。A. familiarity熟悉；B. similarity相似；C. comprehension理解；D. resonance共鸣。根据上文“My research focuses on the Global civilization Initiative, which required deep”可知，研究“全球文明倡议”需要对中国外交概念有“深入了解”。故选C。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约三年前我来到这里时连中文都不会说，所以我阅读英文版本的资料，将其与中文原文进行对比，并自己编写了研究用的词典。A. created创造；B. invented发明；C. built建造；D. found发现。根据上文“so I read English versions, compared them with Chinese texts, and”可知，作者通过对比中英文文本，逐步“构建”自己的研究词典。故选C。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现许多外交术语在翻译过程中会失去其原本的内涵。A. lose失去；B. loose松开；C. waste浪费；D. miss错过。根据后文“essence in translation”以及“might be better understood as “people’s hearts communicating””可知，许多概念在翻译中“丢失”了本质含义。故选A。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“人与人之间的互联互通”或许更恰当的理解方式是“人们的心灵交流”——这体现了构建人类共同未来的愿景。A. negotiation谈判；B. connectivity连接；C. relationship关系；D. understanding理解。根据后文“people’s hearts communicating”可知，此处指民心相通更恰当的理解方式是“人们的心灵交流”，故选B。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“人与人之间的互联互通”或许更恰当的理解方式是“人们的心灵交流”——这体现了构建人类共同未来的愿景。A. shared共享的；B. bright明亮的；C. common共同的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据后文“future for humanity”以及“a global vision recognizing humanity as one”可知，此处指人类共同未来。故选A。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一段话颇具深意：“要弘扬共同的人类价值观，同时尊重每个国家实现这些价值观的路径。”A. dominate支配；B. charge负责；C. champion支持；D. mine开采。根据后文“common human values while respecting each nation’s path to”可知，中国主张“弘扬全人类共同价值”，champion 意为“倡导、支持”符合语境。故选C。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一段话颇具深意：“要弘扬共同的人类价值观，同时尊重每个国家实现这些价值观的路径。”A. objecting反对；B. outperforming胜过；C. reaching到达；D. realizing实现，意识到。根据上文“common human values while respecting each nation’s path to”可知，要尊重各国“实现”价值的路径，对应“各国自主发展道路”。故选D。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种在自主决定与共同原则之间的平衡，是我们所有人都可以认同的一种观点。A. spot地点；B. view观点；C. point要点；D. perspective视角。根据上文“This balance between self-determination and shared principles is a”可知，指一种“视角”或“观点”，强调平衡自主与共享原则的思维方式。故选D。 13．考查动词短语辨析。句意：该书对“生态文明”的强调也十分突出。A. stood out突出；B. beamed out散发；C. faced out面对；D. lingered out逗留。根据上文“The book’s emphasis on “ecological civilization” also”可知，书中对“生态文明”的强调“引人注目”。故选A。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我参与了一个旨在研究低碳策略和环境治理的奖学金项目，通过这个项目我了解到了实现可持续发展的所需条件。A. extraordinary非凡的；B. sustainable可持续的；C. exceptional杰出的；D. distinctive独特的。根据上文“exploring low-carbon strategies and environmental governance”提到“低碳战略和环境治理”可知，此处对应“可持续发展”。故选B。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这本书并非只是给予我们一些启示，而是给了我一种希望：一种坚信存在一种全球视野的希望，这种视野将人类视为一体，团结一致地应对前所未有的挑战。A. made制作；B. forced强迫；C. united团结；D. associated联系。根据后文“in facing unprecedented challenges, exists”可知，人类应“团结”应对前所未有的挑战，呼应“人类命运共同体”理念。故选C。 5.（2026·福建闽侯县第一中学适应性训练）You might be leaving some happiness on the table by doing your everyday activities all by yourself. A new study has found that almost any activity becomes more 1 when done with others. The 2 of another person makes life’s routines a little brighter. Drawing on data from over 40,000 Americans, the study showed that participants consistently viewed experiences 3 social activities as more pleasant. Generally, the effect was 4 , holding true across data collected over several years (2010, 2012, 2013, and 2021). The only exception came in 2021, when doing food-related chores with others appeared to 5 moods. Unsurprisingly, in this respect, the biggest boosts were linked to activities 6 by nature. Yet even individual hobbies such as reading saw an increase in happiness when 7 . Epley, a behavioral scientist in Chicago, observed, “This continues to show how surprisingly positive social 8 is.” The lesson, researchers suggest, is to be 9 . Schedule time with others. Even daily routines can become 10 . Catch up with a friend on the phone — social contact doesn’t always need to be face-to-face; phone calls also 11 . Or share a ride home. As Epley puts it: “Having a good life is about 12 positive experiences together until it becomes a habit.” In short, happiness may not 13 what we do, but who we do it with — a 14 that our instinct (本能) for connection remains our most reliable source of 15 .245 1．A．easy B．enjoyable C．efficient D．educational 2．A．advice B．praise C．company D．help 3．A．shaping B．involving C．improving D．impacting 4．A．universal B．immediate C．direct D．predictable 5．A．reflect B．lift C．hide D．dampen 6．A．creative B．colorful C．social D．fun 7．A．discussed B．chosen C．started D．shared 8．A．relationship B．interaction C．awareness D．progress 9．A．intentional B．patient C．brave D．careful 10．A．challenges B．experiences C．tasks D．opportunities 11．A．exist B．appear C．count D．change 12．A．describing B．stringing C．mixing D．celebrating 13．A．result in B．consist of C．lie in D．begin with 14．A．reminder B．sign C．rule D．secret 15．A．courage B．pride C．hope D．joy 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．D 11．C 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项新研究发现，几乎任何活动与他人一起做时都会变得更愉快，他人的陪伴让日常生活更美好，强调了社交互动对提升幸福感的重要性，提醒人们要重视与他人的连接。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一项新研究发现，几乎任何活动，只要和别人一起做，都会变得更令人愉悦。A. easy容易的；B. enjoyable令人愉悦的；C. efficient高效的；D. educational有教育意义的。根据前文“You might be leaving some happiness on the table by doing your everyday activities all by yourself”可知，独自做事会错失幸福感，因此和他人一起做事会更“令人愉悦”。故选B项。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他人的陪伴让生活中的日常琐事变得更明朗一些。A. advice建议；B. praise表扬；C. company陪伴；D. help帮助。根据前文“when done with others”可知，此处强调的是“陪伴”的作用。故选C项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这项研究基于四万多名美国人的数据，结果显示，参与者一致认为涉及社交活动的经历更令人愉快。A. shaping塑造；B. involving涉及；C. improving改善；D. impacting影响。根据后文“social activities”可知，此处指经历中“涉及”社交活动，符合语境。故选B项。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：总体而言，这种效应具有普遍性，在2010、2012、2013和2021年这几年收集的数据中都成立。A. universal普遍的；B. immediate立即的；C. direct直接的；D. predictable可预测的。根据后文“holding true across data collected over several years”可知，这种效应在多年数据中都成立，说明是“普遍的”。故选A项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：唯一的例外出现在2021年，当时和别人一起做与食物相关的家务似乎会抑制心情。A. reflect反映；B. lift提升；C. hide隐藏；D. dampen抑制、减弱。根据前文“The only exception”可知，2021年的情况与研究结论相反，即这类活动不会提升心情，反而会“抑制”心情。故选D项。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不出所料，在这方面，幸福感提升最明显的与本质上具有社交属性的活动有关。A. creative有创造力的；B. colorful多彩的；C. social社交的；D. fun有趣的。根据前文“the study showed that participants consistently viewed experiences __3__ social activities as more pleasant.”可知，此处指“社交属性”的活动。故选C项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，即便是阅读这类个人爱好，当分享出去时，幸福感也会有所提升。A. discussed讨论；B. chosen选择；C. started开始；D. shared分享。根据前文“even individual hobbies”以及研究强调的社交属性可知，个人爱好也需要“分享”才能提升幸福感。故选D项。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：芝加哥的行为科学家埃普利表示：“这再次表明，社交互动的积极影响令人意想不到。”A. relationship关系；B. interaction互动；C. awareness意识；D. progress进步。根据前文“the biggest boosts were linked to activities __6__ by nature.”可知，此处指的是“社交互动”。故选B项。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：研究人员建议，我们应主动一些。A. intentional有意的、主动的；B. patient耐心的；C. brave勇敢的；D. careful小心的。根据后文“Schedule time with others”可知，研究人员建议人们主动安排社交时间，即要“主动”。故选A项。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：即便是日常琐事也能变成机遇。A. challenges挑战；B. experiences经历；C. tasks任务；D. opportunities机遇。根据前文研究结论，和他人一起做事能提升幸福感，因此日常琐事也能变成带来愉悦的“机遇”。故选D项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：和朋友通个电话聊聊近况——社交不一定要面对面，打电话也管用。A. exist存在；B. appear出现；C. count管用、重要；D. change改变。根据前文“social contact doesn’t always need to be face-to-face”可知，打电话这种非面对面的社交方式也是“管用的”。故选C项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如埃普利所说：“拥有美好的生活，就是把这些积极的经历串联起来，直到它成为一种习惯。”A. describing描述；B. stringing串联；C. mixing混合；D. celebrating庆祝。根据后文“until it becomes a habit”可知，需要把零散的积极经历“串联”起来，形成习惯。故选B项。 13．考查动词短语辨析。句意：简而言之，幸福或许不在于我们做什么事，而在于我们和谁一起做————这提醒我们，我们渴望与人建立联结的本能，仍是我们获取快乐的最可靠源泉。A. result in导致；B. consist of由……组成；C. lie in在于；D. begin with以……开始。根据后文“but who we do it with”可知，此处是对比关系，强调幸福的关键“在于”和谁一起做事。故选C项。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：简而言之，幸福或许不在于我们做什么事，而在于我们和谁一起做——这提醒我们，我们渴望与人建立联结的本能，仍是我们获取快乐的最可靠源泉。A. reminder提醒；B. sign迹象；C. rule规则；D. secret秘密。根据前文“In short, happiness may not __13__ what we do, but who we do it with”可知，这个结论是一个观点，这个观点“提醒”人们联结本能的重要性。故选A项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这提醒我们，我们渴望与人建立联结的本能，仍是我们获取快乐的最可靠源泉。 A. courage勇气；B. pride自豪；C. hope希望；D. joy快乐。根据全文围绕“happiness”展开的核心内容可知，此处指获取“快乐”的源泉。故选D项。 6.（2026·福建省福州第一中学月考）Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They 1   with them lots of waste. The 2 might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers are disappearing, changing the 3 of Kilimanjaro. However, much has changed since the days of some disturbing reports. The environmental challenges are still 4 but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 5 . People now see a clean mountain. The best of a Kilimanjaro 6 in my opinion, isn’t reaching the top. Mountains are 7 as spiritual places by many cultures. This 8 is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as 9 go through five ecosystems in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3,000 meters, 10 lands of low growing plants. Further up, low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I 11 twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4,000 meters is the highland 12 : gravel (砾石), stones and rocks. 13 you climb into an arctic-like zone with 14 snow and the glaciers. Does Kilimanjaro 15 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace? I found the opposite to be true.212 1．A．keep B．mix C．connect D．bring 2．A．stories B．buildings C．crowds D．reporters 3．A．position B．age C．face D．name 4．A．new B．special C．significant D．necessary 5．A．paying off B．spreading out C．blowing up D．fading away 6．A．atmosphere B．experience C．experiment D．sight 7．A．studied B．observed C．explored D．regarded 8．A．view B．quality C．reason D．purpose 9．A．scientists B．climbers C．locals D．officials 10．A．holding on to B．going back to C．living up to D．giving way to 11．A．match B．imagine C．count D．add 12．A．village B．desert C．road D．lake 13．A．Obviously B．Easily C．Consequently D．Finally 14．A．permanent B．little C．fresh D．artificial 15．A．enjoy B．deserve C．save D．acquire 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．C 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．D 11．C 12．B 13．D 14．A 15．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕非洲最高峰乞力马扎罗山展开，描述了坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局的治理举措成效显著，如今的乞力马扎罗山已重现洁净。文章还介绍了登山过程中会经历的五种生态系统，最后反驳了“乞力马扎罗山因游客众多而破坏宁静氛围”的说法。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会随身带来大量的垃圾。A. keep保持；B. mix混合；C. connect连接；D. bring带来。根据前文“about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro”及后文“lots of waste”可知，登山者在攀爬过程中会带来垃圾，对山体环境造成影响。故选D项。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些人群可能会破坏这个地方的美感。A. stories故事；B. buildings建筑物；C. crowds人群；D. reporters记者。根据前文“about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro”可知，每年有四万人攀爬此山，正是这些人群的活动会破坏山体的自然美感。故选C项。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：冰川正在消融，改变着乞力马扎罗山的面貌。A. position位置；B. age年龄；C. face面貌；D. name名字。根据前文“The glaciers are disappearing”可知，冰川是乞力马扎罗山的标志性景观，冰川消融会直接改变山的面貌。故选C项。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：环境挑战依然很大，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在见效。A. new新的；B. special特别的；C. significant重大的、显著的；D. necessary必要的。根据前文“The environmental challenges are still”以及后文“but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be”可知，此处指环境挑战仍然很大，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在取得成效。故选C项。 5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：环境挑战依然很大，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在见效。A. paying off见效、取得成功；B. spreading out展开；C. blowing up爆炸；D. fading away逐渐消失。根据后文“People now see a clean mountain”可知，管理局的治理努力见效了，山体重新变得洁净。故选A项。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我看来，攀登乞力马扎罗山的最佳体验并非登顶。A. atmosphere氛围；B. experience体验；C. experiment实验；D. sight景象。根据后文“isn’t reaching the top”可知，此处指攀登乞力马扎罗山的最佳体验不是到达山顶。故选B项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在许多文化中，山脉被视为具有灵性的地方。A. studied研究；B. observed观察；C. explored探索；D. regarded视为。根据后文“as spiritual places by many cultures”可知，此处指许多文化都将山视为精神之地，be regarded as为固定短语，意为“被视为、被当作”。故选D项。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种观点在乞力马扎罗山尤为明显，因为登山者在短短几公里的路程中就要穿越五种生态系统。A. view看法、观点；B. quality品质；C. reason原因；D. purpose目的。根据前文“Mountains are ____ as spiritual places”及后文五种生态系统的介绍可知，这种“山脉具有灵性”的观点在乞力马扎罗山体现得格外突出。故选A项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种观点在乞力马扎罗山尤为明显，因为登山者在短短几公里的路程中就要穿越五种生态系统。A. scientists科学家；B. climbers登山者；C. locals当地人；D. officials官员。根据前文“about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro”可知，只有登山者在攀爬过程中才能体验到这五种生态系统。故选B项。 10．考查动词短语辨析。句意：热带雨林在海拔3000米处突然中断，取而代之的是生长着低矮植物的地带。A. holding on to坚持；B. going back to回到；C. living up to不辜负；D. giving way to被……取代。根据前文“It ends abruptly at 3,000 meters”可知，热带雨林的生态系统在此处终止，被低矮植物的生态系统取代。故选D项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从我站的地方，我能数出十二种不同深浅的绿色。A. match匹配；B. imagine想象；C. count数；D. add添加。根据后文“twelve shades of green”可知，作者能数出十二种绿色的层次，体现出植被的丰富多样。故选C项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：海拔4000米以上是高原荒漠：遍地砾石、石块和岩石。A. village村庄；B. desert荒漠；C. road道路；D. lake湖泊。根据后文“gravel (砾石), stones and rocks.”可知，此处没有植被覆盖，是一片荒漠地貌。故选B项。 13．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，你会爬到一个类似北极的地带，这里有着永久的积雪和冰川。A. Obviously明显地；B. Easily容易地；C. Consequently因此；D. Finally最后。根据前文“At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, ____ lands of low growing plants. Further up, low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I ____ twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above4,000 meters is the highland ____: gravel (砾石), stones and rocks.”可知，此处描述的是从山脚到山顶的不同生态系统，此处指最后，你爬进一个类似北极的地带。故选D项。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，你会爬到一个类似北极的地带，这里有着永久的积雪和冰川。A. permanent永久的；B. little少量的；C. fresh新鲜的；D. artificial人造的。根据前文“an arctic-like zone”可知，类似北极的地带会有永久的积雪和冰川，符合其气候特征。故选A项。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：乞力马扎罗山是一座拥挤的山，排起长队的游客破坏了和平的气氛，这真的是它应得的吗？我发现事实正好相反。A. enjoy享受；B. deserve值得、应得；C. save拯救；D. acquire获得。根据后文“I found the opposite to be true”可知，作者质疑乞力马扎罗山是否应得“拥挤破坏宁静”的这一负面名声。故选B项。 7.（2026届江西省景德镇一模）After Mr. & Mrs. Bacchus started farming their little land patch, they faced a problem of birds feeding on their precious crops. Then, a man stopped outside their house, asking the couple if he could take 1 of the birds on the property. Afterwards, he suggested that 2 getting rid of the birds, they should learn to 3 them, and Maraksacha Reserve was born. Today, the couple 4 the celebrated bird photographer Manu Espinosa, with changing their lives, and helping them persuade others of the vital importance of conservation here. Birding tourism is 5 in Ecuador, with increasing numbers of specialist tour groups. Ecuador 6 a variety of ecosystems at differing altitudes, which explains why it’s among the top 10 countries globally for bird 7 . The country is home to over 1,600 bird species — nearly double the 8 found in Europe. As the business of birding grows, more and more farmers 9 their land from agriculture to bird reserves, 10 not just the birds, but the country’s 11 too. One notable example is the Ajila family, who have been 12 preserving the long-wattled umbrellabird. On his land near Recinto, Luis Ajila has turned dairy farming to conservation, replanting trees and promoting the site to wildlife tourists — work that he says is a 13 livelihood than farming. “Wildlife tourism is much more 14 than farming, but that wasn’t our only 15 ,” says Luis Jr., Ajila’s son. “We aimed to protect not just the umbrellabird, but all the unique wildlife here, safeguarding them for future generations.” Since then, thousands of people have made the pilgrimage.267 1．A．risks B．commands C．photographs D．notes 2．A．together with B．instead of C．apart from D．aside by 3．A．live alongside B．do without C．run across D．drive away 4．A．anticipate B．consider C．thank D．credit 5．A．running B．flourishing C．controlling D．praising 6．A．purchases B．robs C．boasts D．discovers 7．A．beauty B．environment C．habitat D．diversity 8．A．quality B．height C．balance D．quantity 9．A．switch B．stop C．defend D．highlight 10．A．shrinking B．benefiting C．testing D．varying 11．A．fate B．security C．economy D．identity 12．A．satisfied with B．worried about C．surprised at D．devoted to 13．A．lazier B．clearer C．slower D．better 14．A．adaptable B．profitable C．sociable D．adorable 15．A．donation B．action C．motivation D．instruction 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．D 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．D 13．D 14．B 15．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了厄瓜多尔的农民们从农业种植转向鸟类保护与生态旅游的转变，这种转变既保护了鸟类多样性，又为国家经济和后代福祉带来积极影响，凸显了生态保护与可持续发展的双赢。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，一个男人停在他们家外面，问这对夫妇他是否可以拍摄这片土地上的鸟类。A. risks风险；B. commands命令；C. photographs照片、拍摄；D. notes笔记。根据后文“celebrated bird photographer Manu Espinosa”，这个男人是鸟类摄影师，因此是请求“拍摄”鸟类，“take photographs of”为固定搭配，意为“拍摄……”。故选C项。 2．考查介词短语辨析。句意：之后，他建议他们不要赶走鸟类，而是学会与它们共存，马拉克萨查保护区就此诞生。A. together with和……一起；B. instead of代替、而不是；C. apart from除了；D. aside by无此搭配。摄影师建议“不赶走”鸟类，而是共存，“instead of”体现“替代”关系，符合逻辑。故选B项。 3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：之后，他建议他们不要赶走鸟类，而是学会与它们共存，马拉克萨查保护区就此诞生。A. live alongside与……共存；B. do without没有……也行；C. run across偶然遇见；D. drive away赶走。根据后文“Maraksacha Reserve was born.”可知，建立保护区，核心是与鸟类“共存”，与前文“getting rid of”（赶走）形成对比。故选A项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，这对夫妇将改变他们生活、帮助他们说服他人重视此地保护工作的功劳归于著名鸟类摄影师马努·埃斯皮诺萨。A. anticipate预期；B. consider考虑；C. thank感谢；D. credit归功于。根据前文“Afterwards, he suggested that ____ getting rid of the birds, they should learn to ____ them,”可知，保护工作的功劳归于著名鸟类摄影师马努·埃斯皮诺萨。“credit sb. with sth.”为固定搭配，意为“把某事归功于某人”，符合夫妇对摄影师的认可。故选D项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：观鸟旅游在厄瓜多尔蓬勃发展，专业旅游团的数量不断增加。A. running奔跑；B. flourishing蓬勃发展；C. controlling控制；D. praising赞扬。根据后文“increasing numbers of specialist tour groups”可知，观鸟旅游“蓬勃发展”，符合语境。故选B项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：厄瓜多尔在不同海拔拥有多种生态系统，这也是它能跻身全球鸟类多样性前十的原因。A. purchases购买；B. robs抢劫；C. boasts拥有、以……为傲；D. discovers发现。根据后文“a variety of ecosystems at differing altitudes, which explains why it’s among the top 10 countries”可知，厄瓜多尔“拥有”多样生态系统，是其鸟类丰富的基础，“boasts”体现客观拥有且引以为傲的意味。故选C项。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：厄瓜多尔在不同海拔拥有多种生态系统，这也是它能跻身全球鸟类多样性前十的原因。A. beauty美丽；B. environment环境；C. habitat栖息地；D. diversity多样性。根据后文“over 1,600 bird species”可知，鸟类种类多体现“多样性”，“bird diversity”为固定表达。故选D项。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个国家拥有超过1600种鸟类——几乎是欧洲鸟类数量的两倍。A. quality质量；B. height高度；C. balance平衡；D. quantity数量。根据前文“1,600 bird species”可知，前文强调鸟类种类“数量”多，与欧洲形成数量对比，“quantity”符合语境。故选D项。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着观鸟产业的发展，越来越多的农民将他们的土地从农业用地转变为鸟类保护区，这不仅有利于鸟类，也有利于国家经济。A. switch转变、切换；B. stop停止；C. defend保卫；D. highlight强调。根据后文“their land from agriculture to bird reserves,”可知，从农业到保护区，是土地用途的“转变”，“switch from...to...”为固定搭配，意为“从……转变为……”。故选A项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着观鸟产业的发展，越来越多的农民将他们的土地从农业用地转变为鸟类保护区，这不仅有利于鸟类，也有利于国家经济。A. shrinking缩小；B. benefiting使受益；C. testing测试；D. varying变化。根据常识可知，建立保护区对鸟类和国家经济都有好处，“benefiting”体现积极影响。故选B项。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着观鸟产业的发展，越来越多的农民将他们的土地从农业用地转变为鸟类保护区，这不仅有利于鸟类，也有利于国家经济。A. fate命运；B. security安全；C. economy经济；D. identity身份。根据前文“Birding tourism”可知，观鸟旅游属于产业，能带动“经济”发展，符合逻辑。故选C项。 12．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：一个显著的例子是阿希拉家族，他们一直致力于保护长肉垂伞鸟。A. satisfied with对……满意；B. worried about担心……；C. surprised at对……惊讶；D. devoted to致力于……。根据后文“turned dairy farming to conservation”可知，阿希拉家族“致力于”保护鸟类。故选D项。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：路易斯·阿希拉在雷辛托附近的土地上，将乳畜业转变为保护事业，重新种植树木，并向野生动物游客推广这个地方——他说这份工作比务农更能维持生计。A. lazier更懒的；B. clearer更清晰的；C. slower更慢的；D. better更好的。根据后文“wildlife tourism is much more profitable”可知，这份工作比务农“更好”，符合其认可态度。故选D项。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“野生动物旅游比务农利润高得多，但这不是我们唯一的动机，”阿希拉的儿子小路易斯说。A. adaptable适应力强的；B. profitable有利可图的、盈利的；C. sociable社交的；D. adorable可爱的。结合语境，再根据后文“than farming”可推知，此处指与务农对比，生态旅游更“盈利”，符合经济层面的优势。故选B项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“野生动物旅游比务农利润高得多，但这不是我们唯一的动机，”阿希拉的儿子小路易斯说。A. donation捐赠；B. action行动；C. motivation动机；D. instruction指示。根据后文“We aimed to protect not just the umbrellabird”可知，保护鸟类是他们的核心“动机”，盈利只是其中一点。故选C项。 8.（2026·福建福州市鼓楼区福州第一中学期末）As an actress, the question I am most often asked is:“What do you really do for UNICEF?” My task is to inform, and to create 1 of children’s needs. There remains a critical need to 2 children suffering from malnutrition and disease. One does not need special training to recognize the 3 of severe vitamin A deficiency — a condition that leads to blindness and often death. Annually, countless children in developing regions are 4 . Thus, I travel not merely to raise money, but to tear down a dangerous 5 : the belief that helping is difficult. In reality, for just 84 cents a year — the 6 of two vitamin A capsules — a child’s sight can be preserved. My previous experiences 7 me to UNICEF. As a child who received its lifesaving support in postwar Europe, I was once faced with extreme poverty, a reality 8 in many communities today. Poverty, which is a 9 crisis, lies at the root of this 10 . It spreads quietly in remote villages and 11 communities. Across more than 100 countries, UNICEF witnesses its severe impact 12 a child. If we are meant to “love thy (your) neighbour as thyself”, then we should 13 these children as our own for they are our most vital resource. They are too 14 to wait for an economic crisis to pass. The moment is now. Every child 15 health, tenderness, and a future filled with promise.243 1．A．awareness B．intention C．phenomenon D．opinion 2．A．make up for B．wait for C．speak up for D．long for 3．A．cause B．result C．cure D．theory 4．A．saved B．affected C．abandoned D．checked 5．A．myth B．cycle C．rule D．record 6．A．value B．amount C．price D．package 7．A．tied B．compared C．limited D．dragged 8．A．shaped B．absorbed C．eliminated D．mirrored 9．A．sudden B．visible C．silent D．urgent 10．A．beginning B．bias C．suffering D．sacrifice 11．A．confused B．ignored C．recovered D．stuffed 12．A．in the eyes of B．at the risk of C．as a result of D．on behalf of 13．A．protect B．teach C．acknowledge D．treat 14．A．sensitive B．cautious C．weak D．critical 15．A．deserves B．ensures C．enjoys D．guarantees 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．C 11．B 12．A 13．D 14．C 15．A 【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了儿童面临的营养和健康问题，强调了帮助这些孩子的重要性，呼吁人们关注并采取行动改善儿童的生活状况。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的任务是告知人们，并提高人们对儿童需求的认识。A. awareness意识；B. intention意图；C. phenomenon现象；D. opinion观点。根据上文“As an actress, the question I am most often asked is:“What do you really do for UNICEF?””可知作为公众人物，作者的任务是告知人们，提高人们对儿童需求的认识。create awareness of表示“提高……的意识”。故选A。 2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：仍然迫切需要为遭受营养不良和疾病的儿童发声。A. make up for弥补；B. wait for等待；C. speak up for为……发声；D. long for渴望。根据上文“My task is to inform, and to create ____ of children’s needs.”和下文“children suffering from malnutrition and disease”可知，此处指为遭受营养不良和疾病的儿童发声。故选C。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们不需要特殊训练就能认识到严重缺乏维生素A的结果——一种导致失明甚至死亡的状况。A. cause原因；B. result结果；C. cure治愈；D. theory理论。根据下文“a condition that leads to blindness and often death”可知，此处指严重缺乏维生素A的结果。故选B。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每年，发展中国家都有无数的儿童受到影响。A. saved拯救；B. affected影响；C. abandoned抛弃；D. checked检查。根据上文“One does not need special training to recognize the ____ of severe vitamin A deficiency — a condition that leads to blindness and often death.”可知，发展中国家每年都有无数的儿童受到缺乏维生素A的影响。故选B。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，我旅行不仅仅是为了筹集资金，而是为了打破一个危险的谬论：帮助是困难的。A. myth谬论；B. cycle循环；C. rule规则；D. record记录。根据下文“the belief that helping is difficult”和常识可知，此处指打破一个危险的谬论。故选A。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，每年只需84美分——两粒维生素A胶囊的价格——就可以保护一个孩子的视力。A. value价值；B. amount数量；C. price价格；D. package包裹。根据上文“for just 84 cents a year”和下文“of two vitamin A capsules”可知，此处指两粒维生素A胶囊的价格。故选C。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我以前的经历使我和联合国儿童基金会联系在一起。A. tied联系；B. compared比较；C. limited限制；D. dragged拖。根据下文“As a child who received its lifesaving support in postwar Europe, I was once faced with extreme poverty”可知，作者小时候在战后欧洲接受过联合国儿童基金会的救命支持，所以作者以前的经历使她和联合国儿童基金会联系在一起。故选A。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个在战后欧洲接受过其救命支持的孩子，我曾经面临过极端贫困，这一现实反映在在今天的许多社区中。A. shaped塑造；B. absorbed吸收；C. eliminated消除；D. mirrored反映、映射。根据下文“in many communities today”可知，此处指这一现实反映在今天的许多社区中，和作者当年贫困的情况一样，所以作者才会想要帮助这些孩子，即反映了这一现实。故选D。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：贫困是一场无声的危机，是这种苦难的根源。A. sudden突然的；B. visible可见的；C. silent无声的；D. urgent紧急的。根据下文“It spreads quietly in remote villages”可知，贫困是一场无声的危机。故选C。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：贫困是一场无声的危机，是这种苦难的根源。A. beginning开始；B. bias偏见；C. suffering苦难；D. sacrifice牺牲。根据上文“children suffering from malnutrition and disease”可知，此处指贫困是儿童遭受营养不良和疾病的根源，即这种苦难的根源。故选C。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它在偏远的村庄和被忽视的社区悄然蔓延。A. confused使困惑；B. ignored忽视；C. recovered恢复；D. stuffed塞满。根据上文“It spreads quietly in remote villages”以及常识可知，此处指贫困在偏远的村庄和被忽视的社区悄然蔓延。故选B。 12．考查介词短语辨析。句意：在100多个国家，联合国儿童基金会从孩子们的眼睛里见证了它（贫困）的严重影响。A. in the eyes of在……眼中；B. at the risk of冒着……的风险；C. as a result of由于；D. on behalf of代表。根据前文“It spreads quietly in remote villages and ____ communities. ”可知贫困在很多偏远的村庄和被忽视的社区仍然存在并且贫困会造成儿童的营养不良和疾病，所以救助儿童的联合国儿童基金会从孩子们的眼睛里见证了它（贫困）的严重影响。故选A。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们注定要“爱邻如己”，那么我们就应该把这些孩子当作自己的孩子来对待，因为他们是我们最重要的资源。A. protect保护；B. teach教；C. acknowledge承认；D. treat对待。根据上文“love thy (your) neighbour as thyself”以及下文“these children as our own”可知，此处指我们应该把这些孩子当作自己的孩子来对待。故选D。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们太脆弱了，等不起经济危机的过去。A. sensitive敏感的；B. cautious谨慎的；C. weak虚弱的；D. critical批评的。根据上文“children suffering from malnutrition and disease”以及常识可知，此处指这些遭受营养不良和疾病的孩子们身体太脆弱了。故选C。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个孩子都应该得到健康、关爱和一个充满希望的未来。A. deserves应得；B. ensures确保；C. enjoys享受；D. guarantees保证。根据下文“health, tenderness, and a future filled with promise”可知，此处指每个孩子都应该得到健康、关爱和一个充满希望的未来，强调孩子应当由这样的权利。故选A。 9.（2026·广东省广州市南沙区检测）Food has a special way of connecting people. As José Andres said, it brings back memories, unites people, and 1 us to faraway places. My mom’s 2 cooking in Illinois, a French sandwich from a street stand in Italy, and a grilled hot dog at the Grand Canyon with my family all hold precious 3 . These moments 4 us that food is more than sustenance — it’s a bridge between hearts, histories, and shared experiences that linger long after the meal ends. Trying different foods is like 5 new cultures. Sharing meals helps us understand others better. Every bite gives us a deep 6 of the local community, whether it’s the spices of a Moroccan tagine or the simplicity of a Japanese tea ceremony. That’s why we made a guide to the best 7 in each state from Alaska’s salmon salad rooted in Indigenous traditions to Wyoming’s bison burgers celebrating frontier heritage. We also share a chef’s story of mastering all the recipes her mentor (导师) 8 with her and customers’ tips on the 9 that transformed her cooking. These tales feel like 10 wisdom from a kitchen companion — simple, heartfelt, and deeply warm. As Anthony Bourdain said, food might not fix everything, but it’s a 11 start. Let’s begin by 12 new tastes. Whether at home or 13 , food connects us uniquely. So 14 a napkin and enjoy every meal, which is a unique chance to 15 — whether through flavors, stories, or the quiet joy of a shared table.255 1．A．transports B．invites C．restricts D．returns 2．A．terrible B．fast C．homemade D．restaurant 3．A．pain B．memories C．secrets D．dreams 4．A．warn B．inform C．amuse D．remind 5．A．avoiding B．creating C．exploring D．leaving 6．A．doubt B．fear C．understanding D．solution 7．A．book B．food C．drink D．salad 8．A．hid B．bought C．forgot D．shared 9．A．novels B．dishes C．workouts D．hobbies 10．A．flavorful B．useless C．confusing D．technical 11．A．good B．tiny C．bad D．wrong 12．A．refusing B．forgetting C．disliking D．seeking 13．A．late B．upstairs C．above D．abroad 14．A．grab B．lose C．wash D．burn 15．A．imagine B．regret C．experience D．wait 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．C 6．C 7．B 8．D 9．B 10．A 11．A 12．D 13．D 14．A 15．C 【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了食物的特殊意义——它不仅能唤起回忆、连接人们，还能带我们“抵达”远方。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如José Andres所说，食物带回记忆，团结人们，并将我们运送到遥远的地方。A. transports运送、使置身于（某地）；B. invites邀请；C. restricts限制；D. returns返回。根据后文“faraway places”可知，食物能将人带到远方，“transports”符合语境，故选A项。 2．考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈在伊利诺伊州的家常菜、意大利街头摊位上的法式三明治，以及和家人在大峡谷吃的烤热狗，都承载着珍贵的回忆。A. terrible糟糕的；B. fast快的；C. homemade家常的；D. restaurant餐厅。根据后文“cooking in Illinois”以及后文提到的食物承载回忆可知，此处指妈妈在家做的家常菜，故选C项。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈在伊利诺伊州的家常菜、意大利街头摊位上的法式三明治，以及和家人在大峡谷吃的烤热狗，都承载着珍贵的回忆。A. pain痛苦；B. memories回忆；C. secrets秘密；D. dreams梦想。根据前文“it brings back memories”可知，这些食物承载着珍贵的回忆，故选B项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些时刻提醒我们，食物不仅仅是维持生命的东西——它是心灵、历史和共享体验之间的桥梁，即使餐食结束，这种联系也会长久留存。A. warn警告；B. inform通知；C. amuse娱乐；D. remind提醒。根据后文“food is more than sustenance”可知，这些时刻是在提醒食物的深层意义，故选D项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尝试不同的食物就像探索新的文化。A. avoiding避免；B. creating创造；C. exploring探索；D. leaving离开。根据前文“Trying different foods”以及后文“new cultures”可知，尝试不同食物就像探索新文化，逻辑对应，故选C项。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一口都能让我们深入了解当地社区，无论是摩洛哥炖菜的香料，还是日本茶道的简约。A. doubt怀疑；B. fear恐惧；C. understanding理解；D. solution解决方案。根据前文“Sharing meals helps us understand others better.”可知，每一口食物都能让我们深入了解当地社区，a deep understanding of...含义为“对……的深入了解”，符合语境，故选C项。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么我们制作了一份指南，介绍每个州最好的食物，从阿拉斯加根植于土著传统的三文鱼沙拉，到怀俄明州庆祝边疆遗产的野牛汉堡。A. book书；B. food食物；C. drink饮料；D. salad沙拉。根据后文“from Alaska’s salmon salad rooted in Indigenous traditions to Wyoming’s bison burgers celebrating frontier heritage”可知，指南介绍的是每个州最好的食物，故选B项。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们还分享了一位厨师的故事，她掌握了导师与她分享的所有食谱，以及顾客对改变她烹饪的菜肴的建议。A. hid隐藏；B. bought买；C. forgot忘记；D. shared分享。根据前文“mastering all the recipes her mentor(导师 )”可知，导师应是分享食谱给学生，故选D项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们还分享了一位厨师的故事，她掌握了导师与她分享的所有食谱，以及顾客对改变她烹饪的菜肴的建议。A. novels小说；B. dishes菜肴；C. workouts锻炼；D. hobbies爱好。根据后文“transformed her cooking”可知，“改变烹饪”对应的是“菜肴”，故选B项。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些故事像来自厨房伙伴的有滋味的智慧——简单、真诚、温暖。A. flavorful有滋味的；B. useless无用的；C. confusing困惑的；D. technical技术的。根据后文“simple, heartfelt, and deeply warm”可知，简单、真诚、温暖正如厨房“有滋味的”的菜肴，所以flavorful符合语境，故选A项。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：正如Anthony Bourdain所说，食物可能无法解决所有问题，但这是一个良好的开端。A. good好的；B. tiny微小的；C. bad坏的；D. wrong错误的。根据前文“food might not fix everything, but it’s a”可知，食物虽不能解决所有问题，但是个好的开端，故选A项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：让我们从寻找新的口味开始吧。A. refusing拒绝；B. forgetting忘记；C. disliking不喜欢；D. seeking寻找。根据后文“new tastes”可知，此处是作者鼓励人们寻找新的口味，故选D项。 13．考查副词和介词词义辨析。句意：无论是在家还是国外，食物都能以独特的方式将我们联系在一起。A. late晚地；B. upstairs楼上；C. above在上面；D. abroad在国外。与“at home”对应的是“abroad”，故选D项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，拿起餐巾纸，享受每一顿饭，这是一个独特的体验机会——无论是通过风味、故事，还是共享餐桌的安静喜悦。A. grab抓住、拿起；B. lose失去；C. wash洗；D. burn燃烧。根据后文“a napkin and enjoy every meal”可知，是拿起餐巾纸享受美食，故选A项。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，拿起餐巾纸，享受每一顿饭，这是一个独特的体验机会——无论是通过风味、故事，还是共享餐桌的安静喜悦。A. imagine想象；B. regret后悔；C. experience体验；D. wait等待。根据前文“which is a unique chance ”以及后文“whether through flavors, stories, or the quiet joy of a shared table.”可知，享受美食是独特的体验机会，故选C项。 10.（2026·云南省昆明市第一中学联考）The two famous authors, Kurt Vonnegut and Joseph Heller, were invited to a party thrown by a billionaire (亿万富翁). As the host showed off his 1 house to all the guests he had invited and proudly 2 the rare works of art he had collected, Vonnegut 3 that the host had probably earned more 4 in a single day than Heller had earned from his most popular novel over its entire history. Heller 5 back and said, “Yes, he probably has, but I have something he will never have — 6 .” Our society constantly 7 the idea that we never have enough. Every day, we are flooded with 8 urging us to spend not only what we have, but also what we don’t have, in order to acquire more and more 9 . However, what we should do is to 10 what we already have and to open our hearts to it. When our stomachs are satisfied with a simple 11 , we already possess what we need. When we are clothed warmly against the 12 , we are sufficiently provided for. When we have a 13 to protect us from storms and wind, we are 14 guarded. And when we are surrounded by those we love — and who love us 15 — then we are truly rich beyond measure.223 1．A．modest B．tidy C．grand D．plain 2．A．gifted B．arranged C．inspected D．displayed 3．A．confirmed B．joked C．insisted D．advocated 4．A．wealth B．respect C．fame D．credit 5．A．drew B．fought C．talked D．smiled 6．A．talent B．taste C．enough D．forever 7．A．adjusts B．advertises C．judges D．abandons 8．A．messages B．warnings C．excuses. D．instructions 9．A．experiences B．memories C．possessions D．directions 10．A．sort B．ignore C．doubt D．treasure 11．A．meal B．service C．order D．break 12．A．shyness B．coldness C．weakness D．darkness 13．A．shelter B．blanket C．destination D．community 14．A．narrowly B．secretly C．regularly D．properly 15．A．in vain B．by chance C．in return D．by turns 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．D 11．A 12．B 13．A 14．D 15．C 【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过作家与亿万富翁的故事，论述社会过度追求物质，倡导珍惜现有、感悟真正富足的道理。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当主人向所有受邀客人炫耀他宏伟的房子，并自豪地展示他收藏的稀有艺术品时，冯内古特开玩笑说，主人可能一天赚的财富比海勒从他最受欢迎的小说整个历史中赚的还要多。A. modest谦虚的；B. tidy整洁的；C. grand宏伟的；D. plain朴素的。根据上文“ a party thrown by a billionaire (亿万富翁)”猜测，富翁的房子应是“宏伟的”。故选C。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当主人向所有受邀客人炫耀他宏伟的房子，并自豪地展示他收藏的稀有艺术品时，冯内古特开玩笑说，主人可能一天赚的财富比海勒从他最受欢迎的小说整个历史中赚的还要多。A. gifted赠送；B. arranged安排；C. inspected检查；D. displayed展示。根据上文“showed off his ____ house”及“rare works of art”可知，主人应是“展示”收藏品，与“炫耀”呼应。故选D。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当主人向所有受邀客人炫耀他宏伟的房子，并自豪地展示他收藏的稀有艺术品时，冯内古特开玩笑说，主人可能一天赚的财富比海勒从他最受欢迎的小说整个历史中赚的还要多。A. confirmed确认；B. joked开玩笑；C. insisted坚持；D. advocated提倡。结合后文“that the host had probably earned more ____ in a single day than Heller had earned from his most popular novel over its entire history.”海勒幽默回应可知，冯内古特是在“开玩笑”。故选B。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当主人向所有受邀客人炫耀他宏伟的房子，并自豪地展示他收藏的稀有艺术品时，冯内古特开玩笑说，主人可能一天赚的财富比海勒从他最受欢迎的小说整个历史中赚的还要多。A. wealth财富；B. respect尊重；C. fame名声；D. credit信用。根据上文“host had probably earned more”及前文billionaire可知，此处指“财富”，符合富豪的身份特点。故选A。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：海勒笑着回应说：“是的，他可能有，但我有一样他永远不会有的东西——足够。”A. drew绘画；B. fought战斗；C. talked交谈；D. smiled微笑。根据下文“Yes, he probably has, but I have something he will never have — ____ ”海勒回应的幽默与从容可知，他应是“笑着”回应。故选D。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：海勒笑着回应说：“是的，他可能有，但我有一样他永远不会有的东西——足够。”A. talent天赋；B. taste品味；C. enough足够；D. forever永恒。根据后文“Our society constantly advertises the idea that we never have enough”可知，此处海勒强调自己拥有“足够”，与社会观念形成对比。故选C。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的社会不断宣扬“我们永远拥有得不够”的观念。A. adjusts调整；B. advertises宣扬；C. judges评判；D. abandons抛弃。根据下文 “Every day, we are flooded with ____ urging us to spend”可知，社会在宣扬“不够” 的观念，引导人们消费。故选B。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天，我们都被大量信息淹没，这些信息不仅催促我们花掉我们拥有的，还催促我们花掉我们没有的，以便获得越来越多的财产。A. messages信息；B. warnings警告；C. excuses借口；D. instructions指示。根据下文“urging us to spend”可知，这些是引导消费的“信息”，符合日常被广告等信息影响的语境。故选A。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天，我们都被大量信息淹没，这些信息不仅催促我们花掉我们拥有的，还催促我们花掉我们没有的，以便获得越来越多的财产。A. experiences经历；B. memories记忆；C. possessions财产；D. directions方向。根据上文“spend not only what we have, but also what we don’t have”可知，（信息）的最终目的是获取更多“财产”，符合消费主义追求物质的特点。故选C。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们应该做的是珍惜我们已经拥有的，并敞开心扉去接纳它。A. sort分类；B. ignore忽视；C. doubt怀疑；D. treasure珍惜。根据转折词However及后文列举“simple meal”“clothed warmly”等现有事物可知，此处倡导“珍惜”已有，与前文追求更多财产形成对比。故选D。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们的胃被一顿简单的饭菜满足时，我们已经拥有了我们需要的东西。A. meal饭菜；B. service服务；C. order订单；D. break休息。根据上文“our stomachs are satisfied”可知，此处指“饭菜”，符合 “饱腹”的语境。故选A。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们穿着温暖的衣服抵御寒冷时，我们的生活就有了足够的保障。A. shyness害羞；B. coldness寒冷；C. weakness虚弱；D. darkness黑暗。根据上文“clothed warmly”可知，目的是抵御“寒冷”。故选B。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们有一个庇护所来保护我们免受暴风雨侵袭时，我们就得到了适当的保护。A. shelter庇护所；B. blanket毯子；C. destination目的地；D. community社区。根据下文“protect us from storms and wind”可知，此处指“庇护所”，即房屋。故选A。 14．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们有一个庇护所来保护我们免受暴风雨侵袭时，我们就得到了适当的保护。A. narrowly勉强地；B. secretly秘密地；C. regularly定期地；D. properly适当地。根据上文“ ____ to protect us from storms and wind”可知，这是“适当地”保护，符合庇护所的功能。故选D。 15．考查短语辨析。句意：当我们被我们爱的人 —— 以及反过来爱我们的人 —— 包围时，我们才是真正的无比富有。A. in vain徒劳地；B. by chance偶然地；C. in return反过来；D. by turns轮流地。根据上文“those we love—and who love us”可知，“爱”是双向的，即“反过来”爱我们的人。故选C。 重难·创新演练 设题创新: 幸福感源于日常点滴美好(T1) 点滴付出凝聚合力(T2); 大众重视健康饮食的原因(T3); 科学的价值(T4)；实现有意义生活的重要性(T5) 完形填空说明文和议论文 Passage 1 【新情境·幸福感源于日常点滴美好】（2026届浙江宁波市镇海中学高三模拟预测）Most of us are bad at predicting what will make us happy, including the world’s best athletes. Four years ago, Swiss skier Mathilde Gremaud won gold at just 22 at the Beijing Winter Olympics. But within a month, her joy had 1 . “There’s nothing left,” she said. “It was super 2 .” Gremaud is far from an isolated case. Researchers have found that a significant number of Olympians 3 from a phenomenon called the post-Olympic blues — a(n) 4 crash following the Games. For decades, scientists have sought to 5 why this happens. The answer starts with a simple but 6 fact: people are really bad at predicting what will make them happy. One of the main reasons for this is a cognitive 7 known as “focalism” — the tendency to focus 8 on big, life-changing events while 9 all the smaller, everyday aspects of life. When we imagine happiness, we tend to think of 10 moments: a championship, a promotion, a dream vacation. But here is what researchers have actually discovered: how good your experiences are doesn’t 11 nearly as much as how many good experiences you have. The 12 of small, positive moments is a far better 13 of overall happiness than the intensity of a single great event. 14 , happiness is not one big victory. It is the 15 of hundreds of small things.229 1．A．disappeared B．multiplied C．lessened D．collapsed 2．A．tiring B．empty C．lonely D．meaningless 3．A．escape B．recover C．benefit D．suffer 4．A．emotional B．physical C．sudden D．financial 5．A．carry out B．point out C．figure out D．rule out 6．A．apparent B．surprising C．remarkable D．well-known 7．A．bias B．ability C．error D．blindness 8．A．narrowly B．broadly C．briefly D．casually 9．A．balancing B．remembering C．ignoring D．overvaluing 10．A．memorable B．intense C．rare D．daily 11．A．differ B．matter C．improve D．bother 12．A．duration B．quality C．frequency D．variety 13．A．result B．cause C．reminder D．predictor 14．A．Fortunately B．Similarly C．Obviously D．Actually 15．A．mixture B．outcome C．sum D．achievement 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．B 12．C 13．D 14．D 15．C 【解析】文章讲述了人们很难预判什么能带来快乐，以冬奥冠军赛后陷入情绪低谷为例，介绍了后奥运忧郁症，借助聚焦偏差分析成因，点明幸福感源于日常点滴美好，而非单次重大时刻。 1．考查动词。句意：但不到一个月，她的喜悦感就消失了。A. disappeared消失；B. multiplied增加；C. lessened消退；D. collapsed崩溃。根据下文“There’s nothing left”可知，此处是指喜悦之情消失。 2．考查形容词。句意：这种感觉极度空虚。A. tiring累人的；B. empty空虚的；C. lonely孤独的；D. meaningless无意义的。根据上文“There’s nothing left”可知，此处是指心里空空的。 3．考查动词。句意：研究者已发现，大量奥运选手遭受一种叫“后奥运忧郁症”的现象困扰——这是赛事过后的情绪低谷。A. escape逃离；B. recover恢复；C. benefit受益；D. suffer遭受。根据下文“the post-Olympic blues”及“crash following the Games”可知，选手遭受这种负面状况，suffer from是固定搭配。 4．考查形容词。句意：同上。A. emotional情绪的；B. physical身体的；C. sudden突然的；D. financial经济的。根据上文“post-Olympic blues”可知，忧郁是情绪方面的问题。 5．考查动词短语。句意：几十年来，科学家一直试图弄明白这种现象出现的原因。A. carry out执行；B. point out指出；C. figure out弄明白；D. rule out排除。根据下文“why this happens”及“answer”可知，此处是指弄清楚成因。 6．考查形容词。句意：答案始于一个简单却令人吃惊的事实：人们真的不擅长预判什么能让自己快乐。A. apparent明显的；B. surprising令人吃惊的；C. remarkable非凡的；D. well-known众所周知的。根据上文“simple but”可知，but表转折，与简单形成反差的是令人惊讶的。 7．考查名词。句意：其中一个主要原因是一种被称为“聚焦偏差”的认知偏见——它往往会让人们狭隘地关注改变人生的重大事件，而忽略生活里所有更细碎、日常的方面。A. bias偏差；B. ability能力；C. error错误；D. blindness盲目。根据下文“Focalism”及“the tendency to focus ____ on big, life-changing events while ____ all the smaller, everyday aspects of life”可知，这是一种认知偏差。 8．考查副词。句意：同上。A. narrowly狭隘地；B. broadly广泛地；C. briefly短暂地；D. casually随意地。根据上文“Focalism”及下文“big, life-changing events while ____ all the smaller, everyday aspects of life”可知，该偏差使人目光局限在大事上。 9．考查动词。句意：同上。A. balancing平衡；B. remembering记得；C. ignoring忽略；D. overvaluing高估。根据上文“focus ____ on big, life-changing events”及“while”可知，此处是指忽视日常小事。 10．考查形容词。句意：当我们想象幸福时，往往会想到强烈的高光时刻：夺冠、升职、梦想中的度假旅行。A. memorable难忘的；B. intense强烈的；C. rare稀有的；D. daily日常的。根据下文“intensity of a single great event”可知，这些时刻情绪体验强烈。 11．考查动词。句意：但研究者实际发现：经历本身有多美好，远不如你拥有美好经历的频次重要。A. differ不同；B. matter重要；C. improve改善；D. bother困扰。根据下文“a far better ____ of overall happiness”可知，此处是指重要。 12．考查名词。句意：细碎积极瞬间的出现频次，比单次重大事件的强烈程度更能预测整体幸福感。A. duration时长；B. quality质量；C. frequency频次；D. variety多样。根据上文“how many good experiences you have”及下文“than the intensity of a single great event.”可知，此处是指频率。 13．考查名词。句意：同上。A. result结果；B. cause原因；C. reminder提醒；D. predictor指标。根据上文“people are really bad at predicting what will make them happy”可知，频次可以预判幸福感。 14．考查副词。句意：事实上，幸福不是一场盛大的胜利。A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Similarly相似地；C. Obviously显然地；D. Actually事实上。根据上文“here is what researchers have actually discovered”、“than the intensity of a single great event”及下文“happiness is not one big victory.”可知，此处用Actually重申并强化研究结论。 15．考查名词。句意：幸福是数百件小事累积的总和。A. mixture混合；B. outcome结果；C. sum总和；D. achievement成就。根据上文“small, positive moments”及“not one big victory”可知，幸福由无数小事累积而成。 Passage 2 【新情境·点滴付出凝聚合力】（2026届湖南部分学校一模）A new year has arrived. It’s a fresh 1 . You wake up determined to finally tackle that 2 challenge on your mind — whether it’s fighting climate change, 3 wild animals, or helping your community. But soon, 4 begin to whisper: “Where should I begin? And if I try, will it really make a 5 ?” Take climate change for example. Even top scientists find it 6 to solve. And here you are, just trying to remember to 7 your own shopping bags to the supermarket. Still, there is one small creature that might 8 us: the honeybee. Marianne Gee, a beekeeper from Canada, says bees teach us something important — that small 9 can lead to big changes. According to Gee, “a bee in her lifetime makes only 1/12th of a teaspoon of honey” — a tiny amount 10 the vast quantity of honey that a typical colony (蜂群) needs to survive. “The most 11 thing isn’t that she does the work; it’s that she doesn’t even do it for herself,” she adds. A bee won’t directly 12 from the honey she makes; instead, it will allow future generations to live and grow after she is gone. In the same way, we can change the 13 — not by focusing on how much we contribute, but by 14 our efforts to those of others. So 15 making honey. Your 1/12th of a teaspoon counts.237 1．A．idea B．start C．greeting D．look 2．A．common B．small C．familiar D．big 3．A．protecting B．watching C．finding D．raising 4．A．beliefs B．arguments C．regrets D．doubts 5．A．promise B．mistake C．difference D．decision 6．A．possible B．hard C．unfit D．urgent 7．A．leave B．give C．bring D．send 8．A．inspire B．help C．amaze D．remind 9．A．actions B．wishes C．strategies D．movements 10．A．separated from B．coming from C．compared to D．connecting with 11．A．enjoyable B．remarkable C．reliable D．believable 12．A．distinguish B．suffer C．learn D．benefit 13．A．situation B．world C．rules D．purpose 14．A．passing B．showing C．introducing D．adding 15．A．consider B．imagine C．keep D．practice 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．D 13．B 14．D 15．C 【解析】新年伊始人们立志迎接挑战，却常心生畏疑。蜜蜂诠释微小行动亦可汇聚大力量，个人点滴付出凝聚合力，便能切实改变现状。 1．考查名词。句意：这是一个全新的开端。A. idea想法；B. start开端；C. greeting问候；D. look模样。结合上文“A new year has arrived.”可知，新年到来代表全新开端。 2．考查形容词。句意：你醒来时心中满怀决心，要最终去应对脑海中那项“重大挑战”——无论是对抗气候变化、保护野生动物，还是为你的社区做贡献。A. common普通的；B. small微小的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. big重大的。后文“whether it’s fighting climate change, wild animals, or helping your community.”列举宏大难题，对应重大挑战。 3．考查动词。句意：你醒来时心中满怀决心，要最终去应对脑海中那项“重大挑战”——无论是对抗气候变化、保护野生动物，还是为你的社区做贡献。A. protecting保护；B. watching观看；C. finding找寻；D. raising饲养。根据上文“whether it’s fighting climate change”可知为环保相关语境，保护野生动物。 4．考查名词。句意：但很快，一些疑虑便悄然低语道：“我该从何处开始呢？”A. beliefs信念；B. arguments争论；C. regrets遗憾；D. doubts疑惑。后文“Where should I begin?”提出疑问，对应内心疑虑。 5．考查名词。句意：“那么，如果我尝试去做的话，真的会有不同吗？”A. promise承诺；B. mistake错误；C. difference影响；D. decision决定。根据上文“And if I try, will it really make a”可知，对于尝试是否产生影响产生怀疑。make difference表示“产生影响”。 6．考查形容词。句意：就连顶尖科学家也发现这个问题很难解决。A. possible可能的；B. hard困难的；C. unfit不合适的；D. urgent紧急的。根据上文“Take climate change for example. Even top scientists find it”指难题难以攻克。 7．考查动词。句意：而此刻你正努力想着要带上自己的购物袋去超市呢。A. leave遗留；B. give给予；C. bring携带；D. send寄送。根据后文“your own shopping bags to the supermarket”可知，环保需要自带购物袋出行。 8．考查动词。句意：不过，有一种小小的生物或许能给我们带来启发：那就是蜜蜂。A. inspire启发；B. help帮助；C. amaze使惊奇；D. remind提醒。根据后文“In the same way, we can change the ____ — not by focusing on how much we contribute, but by our efforts to those of others.”可知，蜜蜂事例带来人生感悟。 9．考查名词。句意：来自加拿大的养蜂人玛丽安娜·吉埃表示，蜜蜂教会了我们一个重要的道理——小小的行动能够带来巨大的改变。A. actions行动；B. wishes愿望；C. strategies策略；D. movements活动。根据后文“can lead to big changes”可知，日常点滴举动汇聚大变化。 10．考查介词短语。句意：根据吉的说法，“一只蜜蜂在其一生中只能酿造出不足一茶匙的蜂蜜”——与一个普通蜂群所需的大量蜂蜜相比，这一数量简直是微不足道的。A. separated from分离；B. coming from源自；C. compared to对比；D. connecting with关联。根据后文“the vast quantity of honey that a typical colony needs to survive”可知，将个体产蜜量与整体需求作对比。 11．考查形容词。句意：“最令人惊叹的并非是她完成了这项工作；而是她根本不是为自己而做这件事。”她补充道。A. enjoyable愉悦的；B. remarkable显著不凡的；C. reliable可靠的；D. believable可信的。根据后文“she does the work; it’s that she doesn’t even do it for herself,” she adds”可知，蜜蜂无私的特质格外突出。 12．考查动词。句意：蜜蜂自身并不会直接从它所酿造的蜂蜜中获益；相反，它的存在能让后代得以生存和成长，而它自己则会随时间消逝。A. distinguish区分；B. suffer遭受；C. learn学习；D. benefit获益。根据后文“instead, it will allow future generations to live and grow after she is gone”可知，蜜蜂无法从中为自己获利。 13．考查名词。句意：同样地，我们也能改变这个世界——不是通过强调自己所做出的贡献有多大，而是通过将自己的努力与他人的努力相结合。A. situation现状；B. world世界；C. rules规则；D. purpose目标。根据后文“not by focusing on how much we contribute”以及“our efforts to those of others”可知，个人的努力与他人的努力结合可以改变世界。 14．考查动词。句意：同样地，我们也能改变这个世界——不是通过强调自己所做出的贡献有多大，而是通过将自己的努力与他人的努力相结合。A. passing传递；B. showing展示；C. introducing介绍；D. adding叠加。根据后文“our efforts to those of others”可知，个人努力叠加汇聚合力。 15．考查动词。句意：所以继续酿造蜂蜜吧。A. consider思考；B. imagine设想；C. keep坚持；D. practice践行。根据后文“making honey”指坚持点滴付出，契合文章主旨。 Passage 3 【新情境·大众重视健康饮食的原因】（湖北省巴东一中高考模拟）Many Chinese people used to 1 each other with “Have you had your meal?” to show their friendliness. Recently, a new greeting has become 2 in many Chinese cities, namely “Have you 3 weight?” Chen Xin, a manager of a media company in Hangzhou, has 4 his friends after successfully getting 5 . “Following instructions from my nutritionist, I went on a 6 and lost 10 kg,” Chen said with a(n) 7 smile. In recent years, food-delivery services have been growing fast and entering every corner of Chinese cities. Also, Chinese people can 8 buy foods from all over the world. But people are paying more and more attention to their 9 . More people are becoming 10 with various terms, such as “low calories” “sugar cut-off” and “light food”. “I used to eat a lot of unhealthy food, which brought me much 11 ,” Chen said. “Now my health indicators (指标) are becoming 12 , and I can feel that my body is in good 13 again.” Chen is not alone. Many Chinese are troubled with “diseases of richness”, including obesity (肥胖) and high blood pressure, as the quality of life has greatly 14 over the past decades. Most people need to worry about if they have a healthy diet, 15 if they have enough food.219 1．A．ask B．question C．tell D．greet 2．A．important B．necessary C．popular D．usual 3．A．put B．lost C．caught D．gained 4．A．surprised B．excited C．frightened D．scared 5．A．fatter B．fitter C．slimmer D．stronger. 6．A．diet B．walk C．sport D．food 7．A．relaxed B．confused C．interested D．satisfied 8．A．hardly B．simply C．easily D．quickly 9．A．mind B．body C．wealth D．health 10．A．similar B．familiar C．strange D．curious 11．A．trap B．mistake C．trouble D．difficulty 12．A．formal B．normal C．high D．low 13．A．shape B．level C．situation D．condition 14．A．processed B．improved C．changed D．enlarged 15．A．rather than B．or rather C．other than D．more than 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．C 9．D 10．B 11．C 12．B 13．D 14．B 15．A 【解析】文章介绍中国人问候用语的变化，从问吃饭变为问减重，分析大众重视健康饮食的原因。 1．考查动词。句意：许多中国人过去常常互相问候“你吃饭了吗？”来表达他们的友好。A. ask询问；B. question质问；C. tell告诉；D.  greet问候。根据后文“each other with ‘Have you had your meal?’”可知，这是日常问候用语。 2．考查形容词。句意：近来，一种新问候语在中国很多城市变得流行，即“你减重了吗？”。A. important重要的；B. necessary必要的；C. popular流行的；D.  usual平常的。对比上文“Many Chinese people used to ____ each other with “Have you had your meal?” to show their friendliness. ”此处指新的问候语在很多城市变得流行。 3．考查动词。句意：同上。A. put放置；B. lost失去；C. caught抓住；D.  gained获得。根据下文“lost 10 kg”可知，人们现在询问“你减重了吗？”，固定搭配lose weight意为“减重”。 4．考查动词。句意：杭州一家传媒公司的经理陈新成功变苗条后，让他的朋友们大吃一惊。A. surprised使惊讶；B. excited使兴奋；C. frightened使害怕；D.  scared使恐惧。结合后文“lost 10 kg”减重十公斤可知，这件事令朋友吃惊。 5．考查形容词比较级。句意：同上。A. fatter更胖的；B. fitter更健康的；C. slimmer更苗条的；D.  stronger更强壮的。根据后文“lost 10kg”可知，身形变苗条。 6．考查名词。句意：“遵照我的营养师的嘱咐，我节食并且减掉了十公斤，”陈新带着满意的笑容说道。A. diet节食；B. walk步行；C. sport运动；D.  food食物。根据下文“lost 10 kg”可知，他通过节食减重，固定搭配go on a diet表示“节食减肥”。 7．考查形容词。句意：同上。A. relaxed放松的；B. confused困惑的；C. interested感兴趣的；D.  satisfied满意的。结合上文“lost 10 kg”及常识可知，成功减重十公斤，应露出满意的笑容。 8．考查副词。句意：并且中国人能够轻易买到来自世界各地的食物。A. hardly几乎不；B. simply简单地；C. easily轻易地；D.  quickly快速地。根据上文“In recent years, food-delivery services have been growing fast and entering every corner of Chinese cities. ”可知，中国人能轻松买到世界各地的食物。 9．考查名词。句意：但是人们正越来越多地关注自身的健康。A. mind头脑；B. body身体；C. wealth财富；D.  health健康。根据上文“Also, Chinese people can ____ buy foods from all over the world. ”和表示转折的but可知，虽然能买到各种食物，但人们开始关注自身健康，而非仅仅是吃。 10．考查形容词。句意：越来越多人开始熟悉各类术语，例如“低卡路里”“戒糖”和“轻食”。A. similar相似的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. strange陌生的；D.  curious好奇的。结合上文“But people are paying more and more attention to their ____ .”可知，人们开始熟悉各类与健康食物有关的术语。 11．考查名词。句意：陈说：“我从前吃很多不健康食物，这给我带来很多麻烦。”A. trap陷阱；B. mistake错误；C. trouble麻烦；D.  difficulty困难。根据上文“I used to eat a lot of unhealthy food”可知，不健康的饮食带来身体方面的麻烦。 12．考查形容词。句意：现在我的健康指标变得正常，我能感受到我的身体再次处于良好状态。A. formal正式的；B. normal正常的；C. high高的；D.  low低的。对比上文““I used to eat a lot of unhealthy food, which brought me much ____ ,””此处指调整饮食后各项健康指标恢复正常。 13．考查名词。句意：同上。A. shape外形；B. level水平；C. situation情形；D.  condition状况。根据上文“Now my health indicators (指标) are becoming ____ ,”推测，现在他的身体状况良好。固定搭配in good condition表示“身体状况良好”。 14．考查动词。句意：在过去数十年间，随着生活质量大幅提升，许多中国人患上肥胖、高血压等。A. processed加工；B. improved改善、提升；C. changed改变；D.  enlarged扩大。结合上文“Many Chinese are troubled with “diseases of richness”, including obesity (肥胖) and high blood pressure,”可知，生活水平提升是心血管以及肥胖多发的背景原因。 15．考查短语介词。句意：大部分人需要操心是否拥有健康饮食，而非是否能吃饱饭。A. rather than而不是；B. or rather更确切地说；C. other than除了；D.  more than多于。从前担心温饱，如今在意饮食健康，前后取舍关系用rather than。 Passage 4 【新情境·科学的价值】（2026届广东佛山市顺德高三考前保温）Everyone knows that science is important. The aim of science is to 1 how the world, everything in it and beyond it, works. Some people, 2 , claim that much of what is done in the name of science is a waste of time and money. What is the 3 in investigating how atoms behave or in studying stars billions of kilometres away? Science, they argue, is 4 only if it has some practical application. Yet history shows that curiosity-driven research often leads to 5 breakthroughs. When the Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell 6 experiments with electricity and magnetism in the late 19th century, he had no specific end in 7 and was certainly not 8 to earn money; he was simply trying to understand more about how the world works. Despite this, his work laid the 9 for our modern way of life. Computers, satellites, the Internet, mobile phones and medical scanners all owe their existence to the fact that a scientist 10 the need to understand the world a little better. Maxwell's candle-lit laboratory was quiet once more, but the ideas he sparked continue to 11 our world. Now more students 12 to ask questions without obvious answers. Such curiosity 13 seeds that may take years, decades or even centuries to bear fruits. Every experiment, every observation, every failure brings us closer to understanding. The value of science lies not only in what it produces but in the 14 it shapes. And that, ultimately, is the 15 of science.251 1．A．set up B．figure out C．carry out D．make up 2．A．therefore B．moreover C．however D．likewise 3．A．cause B．outcome C．point D．basis 4．A．stable B．profitable C．available D．valuable 5．A．unexpected B．huge C．little D．limited 6．A．conducted B．invented C．learned D．designed 7．A．need B．mind C．hand D．sight 8．A．instructed B．trained C．practicing D．aiming 9．A．conclusion B．foundation C．source D．theory 10．A．met B．avoided C．chose D．felt 11．A．darken B．rule C．light D．decorate 12．A．hesitate B．pretend C．dare D．refuse 13．A．plants B．removes C．destroys D．collects 14．A．mindset B．competition C．cooperation D．history 15．A．challenge B．example C．proof D．significance 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．B 10．D 11．C 12．C 13．A 14．A 15．D 【解析】文章讨论科学的价值，指出纯好奇驱动的基础研究也能带来突破，阐释科学的真正意义。 1．考查动词短语。句意：科学的目的是弄清楚世界、世间万物以及外部世界如何运作。A. set up建立；B. figure out弄清楚；C. carry out执行；D. make up编造。根据上文“The aim of science”和常识可知，科学的本质是探究、弄懂世界运行规律。 2．考查副词。句意：然而，有些人声称许多以科学之名开展的工作是在浪费时间和金钱。A. therefore因此；B. moreover此外；C. however然而；D. likewise同样地。前文“ Everyone knows that science is important. ”和后文“claim that much of what is done in the name of science is a waste of time and money.”是转折关系，用however连接。 3．考查名词。句意：研究原子的运动方式或研究数十亿公里外的恒星有什么意义呢？A. cause原因；B. outcome结果；C. point意义；D. basis基础。根据下文“they argue, is ____ only if it has some practical application.”可知，有人质疑这些研究的意义，固定句型What is the point in doing sth.意为“做某事有什么意义”。 4．考查形容词。句意：他们认为，科学只有具备实际用途时才有价值。A. stable稳定的；B. profitable盈利的；C. available可获得的；D. valuable有价值的。根据后文“only if it has some practical application.”推测，一些人认为科学需实用才有价值。 5．考查形容词。句意：然而历史表明，好奇心驱动的研究往往会带来意想不到的突破。A. unexpected意想不到的；B. huge巨大的；C. little微小的；D. limited有限的。根据后文麦克斯韦无目的研究却催生现代科技可知，这类研究的突破是意料之外的。 6．考查动词。句意：苏格兰物理学家詹姆斯·克拉克·麦克斯韦在19世纪末开展了电学和磁学实验，他没有特定的目的，当然也不是为了赚钱。A. conducted实施；开展；B. invented发明；C. learned学习；D. designed设计。根据后文“experiments”可知，此处指开展实验。 7．考查名词。句意同上。A. need需要；B. mind心思；C. hand手；D. sight视线。根据后文“ he was simply trying to understand more about how the world works”推测，开始作实验时他没有具体的目标，固定搭配have sth. in mind意为“心中有目标、有想法”。 8．考查动词。句意同上。A. instructed指示；B. trained训练；C. practicing练习；D. aiming旨在；力求。根据下文“he was simply trying to understand more about how the world works”可知，他作实验的目的也不是为了赚钱。 9．考查名词。句意：尽管如此，他的研究为我们的现代生活方式奠定了基础。A. conclusion结论；B. foundation基础；C. source来源；D. theory理论。根据下文“Computers, satellites, the Internet, mobile phones and medical scanners all owe their existence to the fact that a scientist ____ the need to understand the world a little better.”可知，他的研究为现代生活方式奠定了基础，固定搭配lay the foundation for意为“为……奠定基础”。 10．考查动词。句意：计算机、卫星、互联网等事物的存在，都归功于这位科学家感到有必要更好地理解世界的需求。A. met遇见；B. avoided避免；C. chose选择；D. felt感受到。根据上文“he was simply trying to understand more about how the world works.”可知，此处指科学家感到有必要更好地理解世界。 11．考查动词。句意：麦克斯韦烛光下的实验室再次归于平静，但他激发的思想继续照亮我们的世界。A. darken使变暗；B. rule统治；C. light照亮；D. decorate装饰。根据上文“Maxwell’s candle-lit laboratory was quiet once more”和表示转折的but可知，虽然实验归于平静，但他伟大的科学思想照亮、改变世界。 12．考查动词。句意：如今更多学生敢于提出没有明确答案的问题。A. hesitate犹豫；B. pretend假装；C. dare敢于；D. refuse拒绝。根据上文“Maxwell’s candle-lit laboratory was quiet once more, but the ideas he sparked continue to ____ our world. ”可知，他的科学精神鼓励学生敢于敢于提问。 13．考查动词。句意：这份好奇心播下种子，可能需要数年、数十年甚至数百年才能结果。A. plants播种；B. removes移除；C. destroys破坏；D. collects收集。根据下文“bear fruits.”可知，此处指播下的种子。 14．考查名词。句意：科学的价值不仅在于它的产出，还在于它塑造的思维模式。A. mindset思维模式；B. competition竞争；C. cooperation合作；D. history历史。根据前文“Now more students ____ to ask questions without obvious answers. ”可知，科学塑造人的思维。 15．考查名词。句意：而这，归根结底就是科学的意义。A. challenge挑战；B. example例子；C. proof证明；D. significance意义。根据上文“What is the ____ in investigating how atoms behave or in studying stars billions of kilometres away?”可知，此处指塑造思维模式是科学的意义。 Passage 5 【新情境·实现有意义生活的重要性】（2026·湖南长沙市周南中学高三考前模拟）In an era overwhelmed by digital overload, people are often trapped in a desperate rush, aimlessly pursuing efficiency and instant satisfaction. Last weekend, I 1 cut myself off from the online chaos and stepped into a quiet bookstore. Free from constant 2 and meaningless social comparisons, I 3 myself in reading and enjoyed the rare quiet that has become a 4 in modern society. This refreshing experience urged me to 5 the true essence of a well-lived life. Nowadays, many people are so 6 to virtual excitement that they fail to appreciate the beauty of real life. They drown themselves in endless information but often feel anxious and 7 . Actually, genuine happiness does not 8 from speed or material 9 . Slow living is by no means 10 to laziness or escape from reality. Instead, it is a sensible lifestyle that 11 cherishing the present moment and embracing simplicity. It teaches us to slow down, to 12 the world attentively, and to follow our inner voice. Only when we 13 from the noisy hurry can we attain lasting peace and discover the true 14 of life. To live slowly is to live purposefully. In such a fast-changing world, this is the key to 15 a meaningful and fulfilling life.210 1．A．continuously B．instantly C．temporarily D．casually 2．A．joys B．distractions C．efforts D．failures 3．A．trained B．assisted C．buried D．instructed 4．A．luxury B．practice C．miracle D．conflict 5．A．take on B．resolve on C．insist on D．reflect on 6．A．opposed B．indifferent C．addicted D．sensitive 7．A．pessimistic B．empty C．awkward D．astonished 8．A．differ B．benefit C．evolve D．result 9．A．possessions B．standards C．demands D．goods 10．A．blind B．equal C．open D．opposite 11．A．pictures B．prohibits C．advocates D．avoids 12．A．perceive B．imagine C．remember D．change 13．A．gain B．suffer C．emerge D．withdraw 14．A．award B．highlight C．value D．trend 15．A．transforming B．leading C．celebrating D．assessing 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．C 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．A 13．D 14．C 15．B 【解析】探讨在数字过载时代，人们盲目追求效率与即时满足，作者通过周末暂别网络在书店的经历，反思慢生活本质，强调其对实现有意义生活的重要性。 1．考查副词。句意：上周末，我暂时摆脱网络的混乱，走进一家安静的书店。A. continuously连续不断地；B. instantly立即；C. temporarily暂时地；D. casually随意地。根据后文“cut myself off from the online chaos and stepped into a quiet bookstore.”可知，作者只是在周末这一时间段摆脱网络，是暂时的行为。 2．考查名词。句意：摆脱持续的干扰和无意义的社会比较，我沉浸在阅读中，享受这在现代社会已成为一种奢侈的难得宁静。A. joys快乐；B. distractions干扰；C. efforts努力；D. failures失败。根据前文“In an era overwhelmed by digital overload, people are often trapped in a desperate rush, aimlessly pursuing efficiency and instant satisfaction.”可知，在网络环境下，人们常受到各种干扰，这里指摆脱这些干扰。 3．考查动词。句意：同上。A. trained训练；B. assisted协助；C. buried使沉浸；D. instructed指导。根据后文“myself in reading and enjoyed the rare quiet”可知，作者沉浸在阅读中。bury oneself in是固定搭配，意为“埋头于，专心于”，这里指专心阅读。 4．考查名词。句意：同上。A. luxury奢侈，难得的享受；B. practice实践；C. miracle奇迹；D. conflict冲突。根据前文“enjoyed the rare quiet”以及后文“in modern society.”在充满数字干扰的现代社会，能享受安静阅读是很难得的，如同一种奢侈。 5．考查动词短语。句意：这种耳目一新的经历促使我反思美好生活的真正本质。A. take on承担，呈现；B. resolve on决定；C. insist on坚持；D. reflect on反思。根据前文“This refreshing experience”可知，作者通过这次经历思考生活的本质。 6．考查形容词。句意：如今，许多人对虚拟的刺激如此上瘾，以至于他们无法欣赏现实生活的美好。A. opposed反对的；B. indifferent冷漠的；C. addicted上瘾的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据前文“Nowadays”以及后文“virtual excitement that they fail to appreciate the beauty of real life.”可知，很多人沉迷虚拟刺激。 7．考查形容词。句意：他们淹没在无尽的信息中，但常常感到焦虑和空虚。A. pessimistic悲观的；B. empty空虚的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. astonished惊讶的。根据前文“anxious”可知，人们感到空虚。 8．考查动词。句意：实际上，真正的幸福并非源于速度或物质财富。A. differ有区别；B. benefit受益；C. evolve进化；D. result源于。根据前文“Actually, genuine happiness”以及后文“ from speed or material ”可知，这里幸福的来源。 9．考查名词。句意：同上。A. possessions财产，所有物；B. standards标准；C. demands需求；D. goods商品。根据常识可知，物质财富不是幸福的来源。 10．考查形容词。句意：慢生活绝不等同于懒惰或逃避现实。A. blind盲目的；B. equal相等的，等同的；C. open开放的；D. opposite相反的。根据后文“Instead, it is a sensible lifestyle that _____ cherishing the present moment and embracing simplicity.”可知，慢生活是一种明智的生活方式，不等同于懒惰。 11．考查动词。句意：相反，它是一种明智的生活方式，倡导珍惜当下，拥抱简单。A. pictures描绘；B. prohibits禁止；C. advocates倡导；D. avoids避免。根据后文“embracing simplicity”可知，慢生活理念倡导珍惜当下等。 12．考查动词。句意：它教导我们放慢脚步，用心感知世界，追随内心的声音。A. perceive感知，察觉；B. imagine想象；C. remember记住；D. change改变。根据后文“the world attentively, and to follow our inner voice”可知，放慢脚步去用心感受世界。 13．考查动词。句意：只有当我们从喧嚣的匆忙中抽身，我们才能获得持久的平静，发现生活的真正价值。A. gain获得；B. suffer遭受；C. emerge出现；D. withdraw撤退，抽身。根据后文“can we attain lasting peace and discover the true _____ of life.”可知，这里指从忙碌生活中抽身。 14．考查名词。句意：同上。A. award奖励；B. highlight亮点；C. value价值；D. trend趋势。根据前文“can we attain lasting peace”可知，从喧嚣的匆忙中抽身有助于发现生活真正的价值。 15．考查动词。句意：在这样一个快速变化的世界里，这是过上有意义、充实生活的关键。A. transforming转变；B. leading引领，过（某种生活）；C. celebrating庆祝；D. assessing评估。根据后文“a meaningful and fulfilling life.”可知，这里指过上有意义、充实生活的关键。lead a... life是“过……的生活”的意思。 真题·实战演练 考查重点：利用上下文语境解题，利用词汇复现解题，考查利用逻辑关系解题，利用情感态度解题，考查利用文章的主题解题，考查利用习语搭配解题 1. [2022·全国乙卷] （改编） Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there’s something highly exciting about 　41　 someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.  However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably 　42　 at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies 　43　.  For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was 　44　 as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric”(自我中心的) creatures. But our　45　research results in child developmental psychology contradicted that idea.  We brought young children aged 2—4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.Each child sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or 　46　 . We then asked the child if she could 　47　 or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same 　48　 happened when the adult covered her own mouth: 　49　 children said that they couldn’t speak to her.  A number of 　50　 ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: our young subjects comprehended the questions and knew 　51　 what was asked of them. Their responses to the questions reflected their true 　52　 that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They simply 　53　 mutual(相互的) recognition and regard. Our 　54　 suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method 　55　 when others use it.  (　)41. A.following　　　 B.taking C.escaping D.directing (　)42. A.clever B.bad C.scared D.quick (　)43. A.exposed B.examined C.untouched D.imbalanced (　)44. A.supported B.guaranteed C.imagined D.interpreted (　)45. A.disappointing B.mixed C.surprising D.desired (　)46. A.feet B.nose C.hands D.ears (　)47. A.see B.help C.reach D.fool (　)48. A.event B.thing C.action D.accident (　)49. A.yet B.now C.soon D.once (　)50. A.instructions B.descriptions C.experiments D.assumptions (　)51. A.partly B.honestly C.vaguely D.exactly (　)52. A.ability B.belief C.identity D.purpose (　)53. A.hold back B.relate to C.insist on D.make up (　)54. A.limitations B.requirements C.theories D.findings (　55. A.tentative B.impressive C.creative D.effective 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。我们总认为孩子们在捉迷藏时,只遮住自己的眼睛是自我中心主义的结果,其实这是孩子们在坚持相互的承认和尊重。 41.C　根据上文“Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek.”可知,小孩子喜欢玩捉迷藏,即他们喜欢避开别人的目光,避免被看到。故选C。follow跟随;take取走;escape避开;direct指导。 42.B　根据下文“They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies…”可知,他们捉迷藏就是用手捂着眼睛,身子还在外面,由此可见儿童不擅长隐藏,be bad at sth表示“不擅长某事”。故选B。clever聪明的;bad不擅长的;scared害怕的;quick迅速的。 43.A　根据本句“They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies…”可知,儿童只是用手遮住了眼睛,所以身体的其余部分是暴露在外的。故选A。exposed暴露的,无遮蔽的;examined已检查过的;untouched未触及的,未受影响的;imbalanced不平衡的。 44.D　根据下文“…as evidence that children are hopelessly ‘egocentric’(自我中心的) creatures.”可知,此处表示这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为某种证据,证明儿童是以自我为中心的。故选D。support支持;guarantee保证;imagine想象;interpret解释,口译。 45.C　根据下文的结果可知,研究结果与之前的观点相矛盾,所以研究结果是令人惊讶的。故选C。disappointing令人失望的;mixed混合的;surprising令人惊讶的;desired渴望的,想要得到的。 46.D　根据下文“or hear the adult”可知,在这个实验中,儿童被询问是否能听到成年人的声音,所以此处表示成年人捂住了自己的耳朵。故选D。foot脚;nose鼻子;hand手;ear耳朵。 47.A　根据上文“an adult who covered her own eyes”可知,成年人遮住了自己的眼睛,所以此处儿童被询问是否能看见成年人。故选A。see看见;help帮助;reach到达;fool欺骗。 48.B　根据下文“…children said that they couldn􀆳t…to her.”可知,此处指同样的事情发生了,孩子们表示不能和捂住嘴的成年人说话。故选B。event大事,赛事;thing事情;action行动;accident事故。 49.B　此处表示当成年人捂住自己的嘴时,这时孩子们说不能和成年人说话了。文中表达的就是指这一刻。故选B。yet然而;now此刻;soon很快;once一次,曾经。 50.C　此处表示上文中的许多实验排除了孩子们会误解问题这一情况。故选C。instruction说明,命令;description描述;experiment实验;assumption假设。 51.D　根据下文“…what was asked of them. Their…to the questions reflected their true…”可知,孩子们确切地明白自己被问了什么,他们的答案反映了他们真实的看法。故选D。partly部分地;honestly诚实地;vaguely含糊不清地;exactly确切地。 52.B　根据下文“I can see you only if you can see me, too.”可知,此处表示孩子们真正的看法。故选B。ability能力;belief看法,信心;identity身份;purpose目的。 53.C　根据上文“I can see you only if you can see me, too.”可知,孩子们的看法体现了他们坚持相互的承认和尊重。故选C。hold back阻止,控制,隐瞒;relate to有关联,谈到;insist on坚持;make up构成,编造,化妆。 54.D　根据上文“We brought young children aged 2—4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.”可知,此处表示实验的研究结果表明孩子的这种隐藏方式并不是自我中心主义的结果。故选D。limitation限制;requirement要求,必要条件;theory理论;findings调查发现,调查结果。 55.D　根据上文“They simply…mutual(相互的) recognition and regard.”可知,孩子们坚持相互的承认和尊重,所以当其他人使用这种方法时,孩子们认为它是有效的。故选D。tentative不确定的,暂定的,踌躇的;impressive令人印象深刻的;creative创造性的;effective有效的。 2.（2022年6月浙江改编）Small children are easy to throw up in the air and catch-and they ___36___ it. “Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again. He throws his arms and legs out ___37___ he were flying, his eyes wide with excitement. His trust in me is absolute which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense of ___38___ . I hope Jacky will always trust me fully, but I know that, as he gets ___39___ , it will need more effort and sound judgment on my part. Trust is such an important part of a parent-child relationship that it’s something that can’t ___40___ to lose. Every time I introduce Jacky to something new, he’ll do it only because he trusts me and feels ___41___ in the knowledge that he won’t get hurt .___42___ , teaching Jacky to swim means he has to ___43___ that, when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down. ___44___ in the workplace, trust is important for strong ___45___ . It is something that every manager should work hard to ___46___ among their team. If people don’t trust you, they’re unlikely to ___47___ your directions and willingly become a loyal (忠诚) team member. A ___48___ of trust can make people work against you rather than for you. At the very least, it means that people are not going to be ___49___ you their best. Good ___50___, like good parenting, is a long-term commitment. 36. A. deserve B. miss C. love D. know 37. A. as if B. in case C. even though D. so that 38. A. relief B. satisfaction C. achievement D. responsibility 39. A. older B. busier C. quieter D. healthier 40. A. afford B. choose C. wait D. expect 41. A. safe B. happy C. proud D. grateful 42. A. Above all B. In addition C. At first D. For example 43. A. admit B. believe C. suggest D. imagine 44. A. However B. Therefore C. Similarly D. Fortunately 45. A. affection B. determination C. friendship D. leadership 46. A. assess B. organize C. develop D. understand 47. A. repeat B. follow C. change D. forget 48. A. gesture B. measure C. bond D. lack 49. A. telling B. giving C. selling D. sending 50. A. management B. personality C. communication D. education 【解析】 36. C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子很喜欢被抛到空中并被抓住——而且他们喜欢这样做。A. deserve值得；B. miss错过；C. love爱；D. know知道。根据空后“‘Again, Daddy, again!’ Jacky shouts ...”可知，孩子们非常喜欢（love）被抛举起来然后再被接住的游戏。故选C。 37. A 考查连词短语词义辨析。句意：他伸出胳膊和腿，好像在飞，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。A. as if 好像；B. in case以防；C. even though即使；D. so that以便。根据空前“He throws his arms and legs out ...”可知，作者的儿子张开双臂和双腿的样子就好像（as if）飞起来了一样。故选A。 38. D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对我的信任是绝对的，这是一种很好的感觉，但同时也给了我巨大的责任感。A. relief宽慰；B. satisfaction满意；C. achievement成就；D. responsibility责任。根据空前“... but at the same time gives me a huge sense of ...”可知，该空与上文儿子对父亲的信任相呼应，因此，此处作者产生的应该是一种强大的责任感（responsibility）。故选D。 39. A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望杰基能永远完全信任我，但我知道，随着他长大，这需要我付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。A. older年龄较大的；B. busier较为忙的；C. quieter较安静的；D. healthier较健康的。根据上文“I hope Jacky will always trust me fully ...”，再结合下文“it will need more effort and sound judgment ...”可知，随着儿子长大（gets older），作者未来需要付出更多努力才能让儿子一直信任自己。由此可知older符合语境。故选A。 40. A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：信任是亲子关系中非常重要的一部分，它是一种不能失去的东西。A. afford支付得起；B. choose选择；C. wait等待；D. expect期望。根据句意可知，本句强调亲子关系中信任对作者的重要性，是作者不能丢失的东西，因此afford符合语境。故选A。 41. A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每次我给杰克介绍新东西，他都会去做，只是因为他相信我，觉得安全，因为他知道自己不会受伤。A. safe安全的；B. happy快乐的；C. proud自豪的； D. grateful感激的。根据上文“... he’ll do it only because he trusts me ...”可知，每次作者让儿子接触新鲜事物，儿子都会因为信任作者而照做。由此可推知，这是因为儿子确信（safe in the knowledge that）自己不会受到伤害。下文用游泳举例也证实了儿子对作者的信任。故选A。 42. D 考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：例如，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，我能去救他。A. Above all首先重要的是；B. In addition除此之外；C. At first首先；D. For example例如。根据下文可知，作者举了教儿子游泳的例子。for example符合语境。故选D。 43. B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，我能去救他。A. admit承认；B. believe相信；C. suggest建议；D. imagine想象。根据上文可知，作者的儿子非常信任父亲，再结合下文“... when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down.”可知，believe符合语境。故选B。 44. C考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。A. However然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Similarly相似地；D. Fortunately幸运地。根据空后“... in the workplace, trust is important ...”可知，作者在下文中类比了工作场合中信任的重要性。similarly意为“同样地，类似地”，符合语境。故选C。 45. D考查名词词义辨析。句意：同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。A. affection感情；B. determination决定；C. friendship友谊；D. leadership领导力。根据下文“It is something that every manager should work hard ...”可知，作者这里提到的对象指的是管理者。leadership意为“领导力”，符合语境。故选D。 46. C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是每个管理者都应该努力在团队中培养的品质。A. assess评估；B. organize组织；C. develop发展，培养；D. understand理解。根据句意可知，信任是每位管理者在团队中应该努力培养（develop）的东西。故选C。 47. B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果人们不信任你，他们就不太可能听从你的指示，并不愿意成为忠诚的团队成员。A. repeat重复；B. follow跟随；C. change改变； D. forget忘记。根据句意可知，如果人们不信任管理者，那么他们就不会追随（follow）管理者，也不会成为忠诚的团队成员。故选B。 48. D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：缺乏信任会让人们与你作对，而不是帮助你。A. gesture姿势；B. measure测量；C. bond纽带；D. lack缺少。根据空白后“... make people work against you rather than for you.”可知，缺乏（a lack of）信任会使人们与你作对，而不是支持你。故选D。 49. B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：至少，这意味着人们不会给你最好的回应。A. telling告诉；B. giving给；C. selling卖；D. sending发送。根据上文可知，缺乏信任会给工作带来阻碍，由此可知，这意味着人们不会付出最大努力去工作。give符合语境。故选B。 50. A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：好的管理，就像好的育儿一样，是一种长期的承诺。A. management管理；B. personality个性；C. communication交流；D. education教育。根据上文可知，该段讲的是工作中的信任对管理者的重要性，management意为“管理”，符合语境。上文every manager亦有提示。故选A。 3.（2021年天津卷） For most people, having things stolen feels like an offence. Robbie Pruitt admitted that he got ____16____ when he discovered the theft of his mountain bike last September. But soon enough, his ____17____ took a turn. After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy ____18____. For Pruitt, a keen bicyclist, the first thing to do was ____19____ his stolen bike. But when he went bike shopping, he found few available, which got him thinking: What if the ____20____ of bikes was Covid-19 related, and what if the person who'd taken his bike really needed ____21____ to get to work? With that thought in mind, Pruitt ____22____ a plan and posted it on the community website. He ____23____ to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it. He also asked for unwanted bikes, which he would repair-again ____24____. And then he would donate them to folks who could truly use them but didn't have the ____25____ to buy one. The day the post went live, Pruitt received thirty ____26____ bicycles. Then came more than 500 ____27____ for detailed information. By the end of 2020, Pruitt had repaired more than 140 for donation or to be ____28____ to their owners. Pruitt tries to give his donations to families that are ____29____ struggling. ____30____ simply satisfying a material need, he has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes. In addition to ____31____ skills, Pruitt's lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth, and promote feelings of community. ____32____, the kids have gained a sense of accomplishment. "It's a really great ____33____ for kids,“ said a neighbor in an interview with the local newspaper. "Pruitt is certainly providing a ____34____, but it's not just the bikes. It's the relationships in the community. It's the ____35____ that he can make on people." 16. A. amazed B. mad C. curious D. frightened 17. A. emotions B. career C. opinions D. route 18. A. ever B. together C. instead D. yet 19. A. ride B. lock C. repair D. replace 20. A. lack B. variety C. increase D. quality 21. A. instruction B. qualification C. transportation D. permission 22. A. came up with B. stuck to C. gave up D. broke away from 23. A. remembered B. refused C. hesitated D. offered 24. A. by accident B. in advance C. for free D. on credit 25. A. profit B. budget C. courage D. excuse 26. A. shared B. used C. expensive D. modern 27. A. enquiries B. advertisements C. notices D. announcements 28. A. exported B. sold C. lent D. returned 29. A. hardly B. slightly C. truly D. instantly 30. A. Without B. Beyond C. Upon D. Among 31. A. practical B. commercial C. mathematical D. social 32. A. Otherwise B. However C. Somehow D. Meanwhile 33. A. promise B. celebration C. comfort D. experience 34. A. competition B. service C. ceremony D. suggestion 35. A. compromise B. impression C. impact D. progress 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. C 19. D 20. A 21. C 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. D 34. B 35. C 【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了Robbie Pruitt在自己的自行车被偷后，想出了给人免费修车的计划。他把这一计划发布到了网上，主动提出为有需要的人免费修理自行车。他还想要一些没人要的自行车，他愿意再免费修理一次。然后他会把它们捐给那些真正需要它们但没有预算买的人。他还教授邻居的孩子们免费修车，得到了邻居的赞赏。 16.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Robbie Pruitt承认，去年9月发现他的山地车被盗时，他很生气。A. amazed惊讶的；B. mad生气的；C. curious好奇的；D. frightened害怕的。根据后文“letting go of his anger”可知发现车被偷，Robbie Pruitt当时很生气。故选B。 17.考查名词词义辨析。句意：但很快，他的情绪发生了变化。A. emotions情绪；B. career事业；C. opinions观点；D. route路线。结合后文“After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy”可知Robbie Pruitt从生气沮丧变成了同情，情绪发生了变化。故选A。 18.考查副词词义辨析。句意：在放下愤怒和沮丧之后，他发现自己走上了同情之路。A. ever曾经；B. together一起；C. instead相反；D. yet然而。结合上文“he found himself on a road to sympathy”可知，发现自己的车被偷，Robbie Pruitt放下愤怒和沮丧，反而走上了同情他人的道路。故选C。 19.考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于热衷于骑自行车的Pruitt来说，第一件要做的事就是取代他被偷的自行车。A. ride骑车；B. lock锁上；C. repair修理；D. replace取代。根据后文“his stolen bike. But when he went bike shopping”可知车被偷，Pruitt要买车来取代被偷的自行车。故选D。 20.考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当他去买自行车时，发现几乎没有自行车，这让他想到：如果缺少自行车与Covid-19有关，如果骑他自行车的人真的需要交通工具去上班呢？A. lack缺乏；B. variety多样；C. increase增加；D. quality质量。根据上文“he found few available”可知商店里也缺少自行车。故选A。 21.考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当他去买自行车时，发现几乎没有自行车，这让他想到：如果缺少自行车与Covid-19有关，如果骑他自行车的人真的需要交通工具去上班呢？A. instruction指令；B. qualification资格；C. transportation运输工具；D. permission允许。根据前后文“needed … to get to work”可知，Pruitt猜测偷自己自行车的人是因为确实需要交通工具去上班。故选C。 22.考查动词短语辨析。句意：带着这个想法，Pruitt想出了一个计划，并把它发布在了社区网站上。A. came up with提出；B. stuck to坚持；C. gave up放弃；D. broke away from突然逃跑。根据后文“a plan and posted it on the community website”指想出了一个计划，come up with符合语境。故选A。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他主动提出为有需要的人免费修理自行车。A. remembered记得；B. refused拒绝；C. hesitated犹豫；D. offered提议。结合后文“to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it”指Pruitt提议为他人免费修车，offer to do sth.“主动提出做某事”。故选D。 24.考查固定短语辨析。句意：他还想要一些没人要的自行车，他愿意再免费修理一次。A. by accident偶然；B. in advance提前；C. for free免费；D. on credit赊账。呼应上文“fix bikes free of charge”他的修车都是免费的。故选C。 25.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他会把它们捐给那些真正需要它们但没有预算买的人。A. profit利润；B. budget预算；C. courage勇气；D. excuse借口。根据前后文“folks who could truly use them but didn't have the…to buy one”可知，Pruitt捐车的对象是那些需要车但是预算不够，买不起的人，but表示转折，说明预算紧张。故选B。 26.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一帖子发布当天，Pruitt收到了30辆二手自行车。A. shared共享的；B. used二手的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. modern现代的。根据上文“He also asked for unwanted bikes”可知，Pruitt也回收不想要的二手车，所以在帖子发布当天收到了30辆二手自行车。故选B。 27.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后就来了500多个询问详细信息的询问。A. enquiries询问；B. advertisements广告；C. notices通知；D. announcements公告。根据后文“for detailed information”可知有询问详细信息的询问。故选A。 28.考查动词词义辨析。句意：到2020年底，Pruitt已经修复了140多件自行车，这些自行车要么捐赠，要么返还原主。A. exported出口；B. sold出售；C. lent借给；D. returned返回，返还。结合后文“to their owners”指修好的车返还给主人，return符合语境。故选D。 29.考查副词词义辨析。句意：Pruitt试图把他的捐赠捐给那些真正生活困难挣扎的家庭。A. hardly几乎不；B. slightly轻微地；C. truly真实地；D. instantly立即。此处呼应上文“folks who could truly use them”指Pruitt的捐赠都是给那些真正生活有困难的家庭的。故选C。 30.考查介词词义辨析。句意：在仅仅满足物质需求的基础上，他为邻居的孩子们提供了一个学习如何修理自行车的机会。A. Without除了；B. Beyond越过；C. Upon在……上；D. Among在……中间。结合后文“simply satisfying a material need”表示“在仅仅满足物质需求的基础上”应用介词upon。故选C。 31.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：除了实用技能，Pruitt的课程还教授团队合作，鼓励自我价值，促进社区感觉。A. practical实际的；B. commercial商业的；C. mathematical数学的；D. social社会的。根据上文“he has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes.”可知，Pruitt为邻居的孩子们提供了一个学习如何修理自行车的机会，即教授他们实用技能。故选A。 32.考查副词词义辨析。句意：同时，孩子们也有了一种成就感。A. Otherwise否则；B. However然而；C. Somehow不知怎么；D. Meanwhile同时。根据前后文语境，可知孩子们通过参加Pruitt的课程，学到了实用技能，同时还有了一种成就感，Meanwhile符合语境。故选D。 33.考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位邻居在接受当地报纸采访时说：“对孩子们来说，这真是一次很棒的经历。”A. promise承诺；B. celebration庆祝；C. comfort安慰；D. experience经历。根据语境，参与Pruitt的课程对孩子们来说，是一次经历。故选D。 34.考查名词词义辨析。句意：Pruitt当然会提供服务，但不仅仅是自行车。A. competition比赛；B. service服务；C. ceremony典礼；D. suggestion建议。结合上文可知，Pruitt为人们免费修车，还为社区的孩子教授如何修车，所以他提供的是服务。故选B。 35.考查名词词义辨析。句意：而是他能对人们产生的影响。A. compromise妥协；B. impression印象；C. impact影响；D. progress进步。根据后文“he can make on people”可知为短语make impact on“对……产生影响”。故选C。 4.（2015年安徽卷） In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one. The 71 is that countries around the world have growing mountains of 72 because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before. How did we 73 a throwaway society? First of all, it is now easier to 74 an object than to spend time and money to repair it. 75 modern manufacturing (制造业)and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and 76 . Another cause is our 77 of disposable (一次性的) products. As 78 people, we are always looking for 79 to save time and make our lives easier. Companies 80 thousands of different kinds of disposable products: paper plates, plastic cups, and cameras, to name a few. Our appetite for new products also 81 to the problem. We are 82 buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that 83 is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we 84 useful possessions to make room for new ones. All around the world, we can see the 85 of this throwaway lifestyle. Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger. To 86 the amount of rubbish and to protect the 87 , more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. 88 , this is not enough to solve (解决) our problem. Maybe there is another way out. We need to repair our possessions 89 throwing them away. We also need to rethink our attitudes about 90 . Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment. 71．A．key B．reason C．project D．problem 72．A．gifts B．rubbish C．debt D．products 73．A．face B．become C．observe D．change 74．A．hide B．control C．replace D．withdraw 75．A．Thanks to B．As to C．Except for D．Regardless of 76．A．safe B．funny C．cheap D．powerful 77．A．love B．lack C．prevention D．division 78．A．sensitive B．kind C．brave D．busy 79．A．ways B．places C．jobs D．friends 80．A．donate B．receive C．produce D．preserve 81．A．adapts B．returns C．responds D．contributes 82．A．tired of B．addicted to C．worried about D．ashamed for 83．A．newer B．stronger C．higher D．larger 84．A．pick up B．pay for C．hold onto D．throw away 85．A．advantages B．purposes C．functions D．consequences 86．A．show B．record C．decrease D．measure 87．A．technology B．environment C．consumers D．brands 88．A．However B．Otherwise C．Therefore D．Meanwhile 89．A．by B．in favour of C．after D．instead of 90．A．spending B．collecting C．repairing D．advertising 【答案】71．D 72．B 73．B 74．C 75．A 76．C 77．A 78．D 79．A 80．C 81．D 82．B 83．A 84．D 85．D 86．C 87．B 88．A 89．D 90．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是堆积如山的垃圾给环境带来的影响。随着社会的发展，人们倾向于扔掉用旧了的东西，以新物品取而代之。而且，包装盒等一次性产品给人们带来方便的同时，也给环境带来很大的压力。 71．考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题是，世界各国的垃圾堆积如山，因为人们扔出的垃圾比以往任何时候都多。A. key答案；B. reason原因；C. project项目；D. problem问题。根据上文In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one.可知，此处指带来的问题。故选D。 72．考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题是，世界各国的垃圾堆积如山，因为人们扔出的垃圾比以往任何时候都多。A. gifts礼物；B. rubbish垃圾；C. debt债务；D. products产品。根据下文中的throwing out more rubbish可知，此处指如山的垃圾。故选B。 73．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们如何成为一个一次性的社会的？A. face面对；B. become成为；C. observe观察；D. change改变。根据语境可知，此处在问我们如何成为了一个一次性的社会。故选B。 74．考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，现在替换一个物体要比花时间和金钱来修复它更容易。A. hide隐藏；B. control控制；C. replace代替；D. withdraw撤退。根据下文than to spend time and money to repair it.可知，我们可以更容易地替换一个物体。故选C。 75．考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于现代制造业和技术，公司能够迅速而廉价地制造产品。A. Thanks to幸亏，由于； B. As to至于，关于；C. Except for除……之外；D. Regardless of不管，不顾。根据句意可知，此处表示原因。故选A。 76．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：产品丰富多样并且廉价。A. safe安全的；B. funny滑稽可笑的；C. cheap便宜的；D. powerful强大的，强有力的。根据上文　　5　　 modern manufacturing (制造业)and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively.可知，产品丰富多样并且廉价。故选C。 77．考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一个原因是我们对一次性产品的喜爱。A. love爱；B. lack缺乏；C. prevention预防，阻止；D. division部门，分割。根据下文As 　　8　　 people, we are always looking for 　　9　　 to save time and make our lives easier.可知，我们喜爱一次性产品。故选A。 78．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为忙碌的人，我们总是在寻找节省时间和使我们的生活更容易的方法。A. sensitive敏感的；B. kind和蔼的；C. brave勇敢的；D. busy忙碌的。根据下文to save time and make our lives easier可知，忙碌的人总是在寻找节省时间和使我们的生活更容易的方法。故选D。 79．考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为忙碌的人，我们总是在寻找节省时间和使我们的生活更容易的方法。A. ways方法；B. places地方；C. jobs工作；D. friends朋友。根据语境可知，此处指我们总是在寻找节省时间和使我们的生活更容易的方法。故选A。 80．考查动词词义辨析。句意：公司生产成千上万的不同种类的一次性产品：纸盘子、塑料杯、照相机等等。A. donate捐赠；B. receive收到；C. produce生产；D. preserve保护，维持。根据语境可知，此处指公司生产成千上万的不同种类的一次性产品。故选C。 81．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们对新产品的需求也导致了这个问题。A. adapts to适应；改编；B. returns to返回；回复；C. responds to对……做出反应；D. contributes to有助于，导致。根据语境可知，此处指导致了这个问题。故选D。 82．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：我们热衷于购买新东西。A. tired of对……厌倦；B. addicted to对……上瘾，迷恋于……；C. worried about担心；D. ashamed for为……感到惭愧。根据上文Our appetite for new products also 　　11　　 to the problem.可知，我们热衷于购买新东西。故选B。 83．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：广告说服我们，越新越好，我们会更乐于使用最新产品。A. newer更新的；B. stronger更强的；C. higher更高的；D. larger更大的。根据下文that we will be happier with the latest products.可知，广告说服我们，产品越新越好。故选A。 84．考查动词短语辨析。句意：结果是，我们扔掉有用的东西，为新的物品腾出空间。A. pick up捡起，学会；B. pay for付款；赔偿；C. hold onto紧紧抓住，抓住不放，保持住；D. throw away扔掉，丢弃。根据下文to make room for new ones.可知，此处指扔掉有用的东西，为新的物品腾出空间。故选D。 85．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在世界各地，我们可以看到这种一次性生活方式的后果。A. advantages优势，优点；B. purposes目的；C. functions功能；D. consequences后果，结果。根据下文Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger.可知，此处指一次性生活方式的后果。故选D。 86．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了减少垃圾的数量和保护环境，越来越多的政府要求人们回收材料。A. show显示，表明；B. record记录，记载；C. decrease减少；D. measure测量，权衡。根据下文more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.可知，此处指为了减少垃圾的数量。故选C。 87．考查名词词义辨析。句意：A. technology技术；B. environment环境；C. consumers消费者；D. brands品牌。根据下文more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.可知，此处指保护环境。故选B。 88．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这并不足以解决我们的问题。A. However可是，然而；B. Otherwise否则；C．Therefore所以；D. Meanwhile与此同时。根据语境可知，前后是转折关系。故选A。 89．考查介词（短语）辨析。句意：我们需要修复我们的财产而不是丢弃。A. by通过；B. in favour of支持，赞成；C. after在……之后；D. instead of而不是。根据语境可知，前后是对比关系。故选D。 90．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们还需要重新思考我们对消费的态度。A. spending消费；B. collecting收集；C. repairing修复；D. advertising作广告。根据语境可知，此处指重新思考我们对消费的态度。故选A。 5.（2013年广东卷） Number sense is not the ability to count. It is $