专题01 阅读7选5——说明文（专项训练）（全国通用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

**基本信息** 聚焦说明文7选5，按考查位置（小标题/段首/段中/段尾/综合）构建方法体系，通过基础-重难-真题三级训练实现逻辑递进。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |模拟·基础演练|15题（分5类位置）|分位置突破：小标题抓段落主旨、段首句承上启下、段中句衔接逻辑、段尾句总结过渡|从单一位置技巧到综合应用，构建"识别位置-匹配逻辑-验证连贯"解题链| |重难·创新演练|5篇新情境文（精神过载等）|结合新话题强化语篇分析，训练复杂语境下逻辑关系判断|以真实情境为载体，提升思维品质与语言理解能力| |真题·实战演练|20道高考真题|聚焦高频考点，复盘命题规律，强化应试策略|对接高考命题趋势，巩固语言能力与学习能力|

专题01 阅读7选5——说明文 目 录 模拟·基础演练 1 重难·创新演练 7 真题·实战演练 13 模拟·基础演练 考查重点：考查小标题；考查段首句；考查段中句；考查段尾句；综合考查7选5技巧 7选5说明文 1.考查小标题 1.（2026·陕西西北工业大学附属中学第三次适应训练）It can be hard to stay motivated when learning a language. It’s easy to lose interest if you’re always thinking, “How often do I need to study?” or “How long is it going to take to become fluent?” 1 It is often more important than how hard you study! ● 2 Instead of thinking about far-away goals, use the language to do things that you enjoy right now! For example, if you like learning about other cultures, watch TV shows or read in the language. 3 ● Have a conversation every day To get the best results, you need to study grammar and vocabulary, but you also need to practice speaking and listening. Try to have a conversation in the language every day, even for a few minutes. Spend time discussing your favorite topics, like your favorite hobbies or places to visit. 4 Over time, conversation will become easier. As you see how much you’ve improved, you’ll want to speak even more! ● Set easy daily goals Lastly, set daily learning goals. 5 Instead, make small goals for yourself, like “listen to an audiobook in English for 30 minutes every day.” By dividing your bigger goals into daily tasks, learning becomes easier — and more fun! A．Enjoy the things you do. B．Use the language to do things you enjoy. C．Here are some ways to keep you motivated. D．Don’t worry about mistakes; just try to have fun. E．In fact, the way you think about studying matters a lot. F．Big goals, like “become fluent in English”, aren’t very motivating. G．If you enjoy cooking or sports, watch YouTube videos about food or soccer. 2.（2026·广东东莞市第四高级中学月考） How to Volunteer at an Animal Shelter When you think of volunteering at an animal shelter, you might think of walking dogs or brushing cats. However, there are many additional jobs available! Shelters usually need volunteers for office work, adoption events, and many more important responsibilities. 1 Here is some information you need to know. Understand the volunteer requirements. Different shelters have different requirements, which often depend on the specific work that you’ll be doing. As a general rule, you should be able to hear, see, and interpret animal behavior and body language. 2 At the same time, you need to keep a positive attitude to handle a stressful situation. 3 Many shelters have training courses for new volunteers before they can officially start. This usually includes a tour of the facility, instructions on the jobs you will be doing, meeting staff, etc. Additionally, you should do anything else that the shelter says you need to do before starting. For example, you may need to vaccinate（给……接种疫苗）yourself against common animal-transmitted diseases. Find a schedule that works well for you. Perhaps you can volunteer after school or on weekends. The owner of the shelter will usually tell you what you can do at a certain scheduled time. Some shelters have designated “shifts” for volunteers. 4 Ask the staff which days and time sessions are available and find one that fits in with your schedule. Prepare volunteer essentials. You may need to provide your own lunch. 5 Consider bringing tennis shoes or rubber boots, depending upon your chores. You shouldn’t wear shiny jewelry, because you don’t want the animals taking it, breaking it, or fighting you for it. It’s also a good idea to bring bandages and disinfectant（消毒剂）cream. A．Attend the training session. B．Learn skills for protecting oneself. C．So you must master the skills for different shelter jobs. D．Therefore, you need to be prepared before volunteering. E．However, others just let helpers drop in when they have time. F．Dress appropriately for the weather if you’ll be working outdoors. G．This is most important if you’ll be working directly with animals. 3.（2026·河北昌黎第一中月考）You may have heard of journaling as a tool for personal growth or mental health. In fact, studies have shown that journaling helps reduce symptoms of anxiety, depression, and even post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). 1 Organizing your thoughts Our minds can be chaotic. Writing our thoughts down can help us gain some space from them. 2 When our thoughts are on paper, we can notice what is actually going on in our mind and use this information to make concrete goals. When we get clear on our needs, we can get clear on how to meet them, and thus live a happy, fulfilled life. Zooming out to get perspective Using journaling to record your day-to-day life can help you notice and break out of patterns that might be keeping you stuck. We all become involved in cycles of behavior that may not serve us in the long run. Keeping track of our lives can help us become more aware of what holds us back. 3 It allows us to notice what stays the same and what changes over time. With this awareness, we can use this information to make changes in our lives and relationships. 4 When we can get our stories onto a page, we materialize them into something meaningful and manageable. We can read our own narrative and ask ourselves, “How would I respond to a friend who had been through this experience?” Often, we are critical of ourselves. However, we are kind and compassionate toward others who have been through hard things. Journaling can help us extend that compassion toward ourselves. Practicing gratitude Gratitude journaling has been shown to improve mental health, interpersonal relationship quality, and even physical health and health behaviors. 5 It may be anything that makes you think, “I am lucky to have... in my life.” Realizing the abundance of good things we often miss can make us much happier. Meanwhile, those tough things seem insignificant and fade away. A．Building self-compassion B．Developing empathy for others C．Looking back at old writings also helps D．This can greatly reduce their emotional charge E．Take time to reflect on what you are grateful for F．Here is some advice on how to start journaling effectively G．Here is how and why putting your thoughts onto paper helps 2.考查段首句 1.（2026·广东佛山市第一中学一模）You may have caught yourself talking to yourself, whether it’s reminding yourself about tasks or processing your emotions out loud. This simple habit often feels comforting and can be incredibly useful. After all, sometimes your own voice is your biggest motivator. Why People Talk to Themselves Talking to yourself might seem strange. 1 It’s more than perfectly normal — in fact, it can serve as a powerful mental strategy. 2 It can operate like a thermostat (恒温器), influencing the temperature of your emotions. External self-talk can also help you move towards your goals, give yourself feedback, and assist with analyzing challenging tasks. Some people also use it to prepare what they want to say ahead of time. The Benefits of Talking to Yourself 3 One benefit of external self-talk is that it can improve the relationship you have with yourself. Instead of asking others for answers all the time, talking to yourself helps you hear what you really want and make your own choices. Talking to yourself is a way to admit you are in charge as an adult. Trusting yourself is a key factor for building self-worth and tuning out other noises. Create space for curiosity. Talking to yourself creates a suitable environment for self-inquiry. When you communicate with yourself with curiosity, you will become more aware of and understand yourself clearly. 4 For example, you can ask yourself some questions to gain a deeper understanding of your inner world, or you can try a journaling method — write down your thoughts and answers, then read those answers out loud. So remember, even if talking to yourself feels a little odd, it comes with big benefits. Start small and ask yourself how you feel and why, and don’t be afraid to voice your thoughts out loud. 5 A．Boost self-worth. B．Regulate emotions. C．However, there are a variety of reasons why people do it. D．Self-inquiry requires quite complex steps every now and then. E．In fact, this way of self-inquiry can be very simple. F．This powerful practice could make a big difference in your mental wellness. G．Talking to yourself isn’t just common chatter — it’s a practical technique. 2.（2026届四川雅安市高三第一次诊断性考试） How to Distinguish Fake News Whether it’s social media or other news reports, it can be hard to know what’s the truth and what’s false. 1 For senior high students, mastering the ability to identify fake news is essential for developing critical thinking. Here are some practical tips. Clarify fake news with fact-checking sites. It really is a jungle out there when it comes to false facts and the rest of the Internet. 2 Search for new claims on a fact-checking site to find out if the information is accurate. Do a background check on the author and their references. Research may seem like an annoying extra step, but it doesn’t take as long as you think. 3 Additionally, look for any sources that the article references in the text. A well-researched, factual article will be supported by the facts, and will be written by an educated individual. 4 Cross-check the information from the article or news report and see if it lines up with what the experts are saying. If the article seems to contradict expert findings, it’s likely fake news. Avoid fake news by reading new information with a skeptic attitude. It may seem a bit negative, but you can protect both yourself and others by reading new information with a more critical eye. Don’t treat any information as fact until you’ve checked the author, website, and sourcing for credibility. It can be a bit time-consuming. 5 Don’t take any content as fact easily. Checking its credibility first can save you a lot of trouble and prevent the spread of fake news among friends and family. A．Therefore, we should avoid fake news. B．Compare the article to well-established sources. C．Check the background information of the author. D．However, it can save you a lot of trouble in the long run. E．Fake news often weakens our ability to tell facts from fiction. F．Thankfully, many great resources can help you stay updated on facts. G．Look for the name of the article’s author and give them a quick search online. 3.（2026届山东省高唐县第一中学二模）Many believe that you must have born talent to become an artist. Talent refers to a natural ability for a particular skill. 1 Many artists displayed extraordinary abilities at a young age. Talented individuals may find it easier to learn and master artistic techniques. This can result in quicker progress and potentially more innovative work. However, art involves a vast number of skills that can be learned over time. Artists who put in consistent effort over long periods often see significant improvements. There are many artists who started with little apparent talent but became successful through dedication. 2 Hard work usually means that there is a strong motivation behind it. Motivation often determines how persistently an artist practices and learns. Toughness and adaptability are important qualities going hand in hand with hard work. Toughness helps artists handle criticism and setbacks. 3 So what is more important? Often, the most successful artists possess both natural talent and a high work criterion. Talent might provide an initial advantage, but hard work ensures continuous growth. 4 Artists must be committed to lifelong learning, which requires hard work regardless of talent. 5 Access to quality education can greatly enhance an artist’s development. Teachers can provide valuable feedback, introduce new techniques, and inspire creativity. Regular exposure to different art forms, cultures, and experiences can also enrich an artist's work. Traveling, attending exhibitions, and studying art history contribute to a deeper understanding and broader perspective. A．Van Gogh is one example. B．Other factors can help, too. C．Working with other artists is crucial. D．Besides, the art world is dynamic and evolving. E．Being an artist is not dependent on talent but hard work. F．Adaptability allows them to evolve with trends and technologies. G．In art, this emerges as a good understanding of color, composition, or form. 3.考查段中句 1.（2026·河南豫西名校联考）What is personality? How does knowledge about personality help us? 1 In general, when psychologists talk about personality, they are usually looking for things that make a person different from others or things that can explain how a person is not the same as others. Psychologists often use tests to put people in categories and compare them to explain what personality is. For example, people who are quiet and like to spend more time at home reading and doing their own things are called introverts (性格内向的人). Others who enjoy going out and spending time with other people are called extroverts. 2 Are you an introvert or extrovert? Second, how can knowledge of personality help us? Well, one of the ways is that by knowing how people behave and why they behave in a certain way, we can understand them better. 3 For example, if we know that someone is an introvert, we will understand why he or she does not feel comfortable when he or she is with a big group of newly met people. 4 Another way knowledge of personality can help us is when we want to improve ourselves. If we know what personality type we belong to and the reasons why we behave the way we do, we can then try to change some of the bad things so that they can become good. 5 A．Do you know which personality type you are? B．Personality types affect our life in many ways. C．Does personality make you different from others? D．In this way, we can make ourselves a better person. E．First of all, let us take a look at what personality means. F．This will help to make our relationship with them stronger. G．We may then help this person to make friends and talk to others. 2.（2026·湖北十堰市郧阳中学最后一次模拟）Which is more beneficial to English learning, paper or electronic dictionaries? 1 Instead of taking sides blindly, learners should apply them properly based on different learning stages and practical needs. Paper dictionaries feature exploratory learning. When turning pages, you will unavoidably encounter new words, phrases and typical sentences. 2 They also help deepen memory, as paper layout and physical use strengthen long-term word recall. Besides, they offer complete collocation and style information without digital distractions. 3 They allow instant word lookup without breaking your reading train of thought. Most are equipped with audio pronunciation, personalized word lists and spaced repetition systems to facilitate efficient vocabulary review. Top-grade ones are even connected to massive language corpora (语料库), revealing how certain words are employed in real-life contexts. Wise use of dictionaries lies in matching tools with learning tasks. For primary school students, paper dictionaries serve as a good helper to develop basic dictionary-searching skills. 4 Senior high school learners may rely mainly on electronic dictionaries for efficiency, while keeping a paper one at hand to check confusing word usages in depth. College students can combine both, with electronic tools for quick inquiry and paper ones for accurate writing. Some universal rules should be followed to make the most of dictionaries: try to guess word meanings before looking them up; turn to English explanations rather than Chinese versions; attach greater importance to example sentences than simple definitions. By sticking to these good habits, you can achieve a perfect balance between depth and efficiency. 5 All in all, dictionaries are merely learning tools. The ultimate goal is to cultivate independent thinking and the ability to use words flexibly in diverse contexts. A．But they have obvious drawbacks as well. B．Such a heated debate has persisted for years. C．Electronic dictionaries represent efficient learning. D．This unintended exposure boosts vocabulary expansion. E．Daily reading is the ideal occasion for us to consult dictionaries. F．Also, you’d better review newly learned words at regular intervals. G．Middle school students can use both fully for respective learning purposes. 3.（2026·山东省泰安市肥城市高考适应性训练英语试题（三））“They’re all at that party without me… I’ve got such bad FOMO.” The fear of missing out (FOMO) is what you might feel when you aren’t present when something exciting or enjoyable is happening. 1 Many find themselves comparing their lives to others’, forgetting that social media is often a smokescreen where we only see people’s best moments and a perfect false look. 2 According to Svend Brinkmann, author of The Joy of Missing Out (JOMO), the difference between the two mindsets is that: where FOMO traps us in anxiety about things outside of the present moment, JOMO brings us back to the here and now, encouraging us to enjoy offline lives with people we truly care about. Accepting JOMO means switching off outside noise and focusing on what really brings us happiness. 3 Tanya Dalton, in her book Live More by Doing Less, suggests making a list of activities that bring you joy and displaying them somewhere obvious to remind you to include them in your day. Kristen Fuller, a mental health writer, says it’s about being intentional with your time, 4 It also means practising saying “no” to people if you feel like their request will have a negative impact on you. An article by Ana Jorge looked into the experiences of people who purposefully disconnect from social media. Some of them felt they were living more mindfully. 5 About JOMO, one participant said, “I don’t have to be everywhere, I don’t have to be with everyone and I don’t have to know everything.” Perhaps it’s time to unplug and try living life in the slow pace. A．So, how can we stop FOMO from happening? B．This anxiety is common in the age of social media. C．Why is FOMO considered harmful to our mental health? D．This involves scheduling activities which are important to you. E．This includes comparing your schedule with your friends’ regularly. F．The disconnection allowed them to be more creative and productive. G．As a solution to this pressure, the joy of missing out becomes popular. 4.考查段尾句 1.（2026·山西金科大联考）“Most of our students are functionally illiterate. 1 ” That line, from a college professor quoted by writer Derek Thompson in his essay, The End of Thinking, sounds exaggerated (夸张) until you look at the trends. North American educators say students struggle to follow long written arguments. Many can decode words, but not sustain attention. 2 Studies on how people spend their time show that reading for fun has dropped sharply, especially among the young. They are not unable to read — they write texts, scroll through posts, and communicate online all the time. 3 Mr. Thompson calls this a “thinning of thought.” He means that slowly, we are losing our ability to think about complex ideas, examine evidence, and accept uncertainty. Neuroscience (神经科学) backs up what many humanists have felt. Reading does not simply fill the mind. 4 In a major imaging study, French brain scientist Stanislas Dehaene and his team compared three groups of adults: those who learned to read as children, those who learned later in life, and those who never learned to read. They found that reading reorganizes the brain’s connections. It strengthens links between the brain’s visual and language areas. It also improves hearing skills, and makes people more aware of speech sounds. 5 Picking up a book is no longer just a personal activity. In a world full of distractions, it is an act we do for our communities and our minds. Every time we sit with a book — patient, focused, following an idea or a story — we are rebuilding the brain paths of reason and understanding that our society depends on. A．It reshapes it. B．This is not a joke. C．At the same time, people are reading less. D．But they are losing the habit of reading deeply. E．This study was one of the largest of its kind ever done in America. F．The act of reading brings sight and language together for understanding. G．Many students now prefer watching videos to reading books in their free time. 2.（2026·浙江宁波市镇海中学高三模拟预测10） Feeling Good Builds Self-Control, Not the Other Way Around Self-control is commonly regarded as a precondition for happiness, which explains why we repeatedly make New Year’s resolutions in the hope of improving our lives. But new research challenges this assumption. 1 Researchers carried out a series of controlled experiments to investigate the real relationship between mood and self-control. One group was arranged to complete stressful, difficult tasks to get into a bad emotional state. The other group was asked to finish simple and relaxing tasks to keep a peaceful and positive emotional state for twenty minutes. 2 It is revealed that participants in a positive emotional state scored significantly higher on the self-control measures. 3 In contrast, those in a negative emotional state performed considerably worse. They lost patience easily, gave up halfway, and favored short-term enjoyment without careful deliberation. 4 Positive emotions, therefore, do not lead to laziness or lack of discipline. Rather, they act as steady fuel that sustains self-control over time. These findings suggest a practical shift in how we approach self-discipline. Rather than blaming ourselves or increasing internal pressure when self-control fails, we should prioritize our emotional well-being. 5 In other words, a relaxed, positive mental state, serves as the true foundation for lasting self-regulation and improved self-management. A．Self-control brings happiness. B．Feeling good may instead build self-control. C．This makes it, easier to stick to long-term goals. D．The participants were then given a five-minute rest. E．After that, all the participants took the same self-control test. F．They made more rational long-term choices and rarely yielded to instant pleasure. G．These findings challenge the common belief that negative emotions enhance self-control. 3.（2026·山东省东高三考前模拟）When your social media is filled with images that make you doubt your looks, thoughts or abilities, try to look further and realize beauty lies in differences. Here are some useful ways to ease social media pressure. Never compare your popularity with others. No matter how many followers, comments or likes you have, if you get trapped in a competitive mindset, it can turn into an endless cycle. After all, there will always be someone who has gained more positive responses. 1 Fill your feed with positive content. Give your time and attention to people doing inspiring things, spreading uplifting messages and sharing unique and beautiful ideas. 2 If someone’s posts make you feel bad about yourself, click unfollow or hide. Seek valuable inspiration actively. Search for topics you’re passionate about or areas where you’d like to find out more as this can lead you to people outside the world of celebrities and influencers. 3 Armed with certain information, talk further to your guardians, teachers or older relatives and see how you can put the information you discover into practice. See through perfect online images. Although we know that many celebrities and influencers edit their photos before posting, we still cannot help but feel anxious when looking at their flawless pictures. 4 Observe the lines on a grandparent’s face. They’re all intriguing (迷人的) and beautiful. 5 Make your social media channels a reflection of who you are and what you believe in. Share your real, kind voice with the rest of the world, just as you do at home and with friends. You might just inspire others to do the same. A．And don’t stop there. B．Be selective when following others. C．You don’t need to prove anything to anyone. D．Show your true self no matter what others do. E．Pause and step away, even if it’s only for a short time. F．It’s unavoidable to compare ourselves with others on social media. G．This is the moment to lift your eyes and see the real world around you. 5.综合考查7选5技巧 1.（2026·吉林省延边州教学质量检测） The Art of the Restart: How to Focus on What You Have We’ve all had moments when life slams the brakes. Maybe it was an unexpected loss of a loved one, a professional setback, or the heavy realization that you made a genuine mistake. We hit a wall, and suddenly, the vibrant journey of life feels like stopping in a grey, endless station where we wait for the light to return. 1 We often mentally “beat up” on ourselves far worse than any outside critic ever could. The first and most important act of self-restart, is dropping the invisible backpack of guilt. That backpack gets heavier with every passing day. Forgive yourself. 2 You can’t control what has happened, but you can control what you carry forward. Once you’ve cleared the slate, it’s time to focus on your abundance, not what you lack. It’s easy to look around and feel like you’re missing the key ingredients for happiness. But a fundamental truth of joy is that it comes from what you focus on right now. 3 Your life is not defined by its gaps; it’s defined by the magnificent structure you’ve already built. 4 When we’re hurting, isolation can feel safe. But good healing is rarely a solo project. This means finding your confidant (知己): share your burden with a compassionate person who will listen without judgment. Being seen and heard is a powerful form of healing. If “re-starting” still feels overwhelming, try the mood magic of movement. 5 Find a movement you actually enjoy — a brisk hike in nature, gliding on a bike. The goal isn’t punishing yourself; it’s finding joy in motion. Let the combined power of fresh air and physical activity work their silent magic on your whole being. Treat yourself like a good friend. Choose to be grateful for the gift of the human experience. Give yourself permission to be a messy, learning, flawed human being. A．Learn the lesson, and let the guilt go. B．Bring some new beauty into the world. C．Don’t measure your life by what’s missing. D．Exercise is the key to unlocking the best mood. E．After reframing your focus, reach out and connect. F．Allow yourself time to process these feelings alone. G．But the truth is, the most courageous thing is choosing to re-start. 2.（2026届山东省东平高级中学模拟冲刺卷（二））A good leader needs to know how to connect with the people around and see their team’s full potential and encourages personal growth. Leaders are able to motivate, drive, and empower their team to reach success. 1 Lead by example. One of the most effective ways to inspire people is to set a good example. People are always looking for role models to follow. 2 You can inspire others by displaying the qualities of a great leader. This means conducting yourself in a kind, moral, and driven way. Show that you care. Strong leadership is only possible when mutual respect exists. 3 Leaders will need to prove they care about their employees’ well-being before true respect and inspiration can take place. You can show your care for others by putting their needs above your own and providing them with opportunities for growth. Having emotional intelligence is a big part of effective leadership. Don’t punish failure. Failure should be met with encouragement, not punishment. Failure isn’t fun, but it is an opportunity to learn, reflect and regroup. 4 A leader who doesn’t recognize failure as an opportunity for growth won’t inspire the people around them. Good leaders support others in both success and failure. 5 It is hard not to like somebody who pays attention to your achievements in life. Leaders who show their appreciation in the form of praise will naturally attract and inspire those around them. Employees deserve to feel as though their efforts are being acknowledged by superiors. It helps boost productivity levels and confidence in themselves. A．Express your appreciation. B．But respect is earned, not given. C．With enough practice, that could be you. D．Have ambition and inspire others to do the same. E．Even a small expression of kindness can make somebody’s day. F．Embracing failure can help you pick yourself up after a setback. G．Here are some strategies for leaders to inspire others in the workplace. 3.（2026届山东省实验中学高考考前模拟测试）Our planet is facing never-seen-before environmental challenges, from rising temperatures to plastic-choked oceans and disappearing forests. 1 However, the truth is that every individual action adds up to make a real difference. Environmental protection is not just a government or corporate duty, but a daily choice for all of us. Consider plastic waste, one of the most pressing problems today. Single-use plastics take hundreds of years to decompose, harming marine life and polluting soil. 2 Simple swaps, like using reusable water bottles, cloth bags, and metal straws, can dramatically cut down our plastic footprint. 3 In many countries, up to 40 percent of food ends up in landfills, releasing harmful methane (甲烷) gas as it rots. Planning meals, storing leftovers properly, and donating excess food are easy ways to fight this issue. Energy conservation is another critical area. Small daily decisions can have a long-term impact on the health of our planet. Switching to LED bulbs, turning off lights and appliances when they are not in use, and choosing public transport, cycling, or walking over driving all reduce carbon emissions. Even planting a small tree helps — trees absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen, improving air quality and supporting biodiversity. Community action boosts individual efforts. 4 Joining local clean-up drives, supporting eco-friendly businesses, and educating friends and family about sustainable habits create a ripple effect. When we work together, our small steps turn into a powerful force for change. We only have one Earth. 5 By making conscious choices every day, we can ensure a healthy, livable planet for ourselves and future generations. The time to act is now — not tomorrow, not next week, but in this very moment. A．Protecting it is not an option but a necessity. B．Food waste is also a major contributor to environmental damage. C．It’s easy to feel powerless facing such huge environmental problems. D．We can also choose to buy products with less packaging to reduce waste. E．Working together in our community can multiply the positive effects of our actions. F．There are plenty of small changes we can make in our daily lives to reduce plastic use. G．Therefore, it is crucial for every individual to reflect on their daily consumption habits. 重难·创新演练 设题创新: 精神过载(T1) 食物对人体健康的影响(T2); 社交媒体算法的运作方式及其负面影响(T3); 培养良好阅读习惯(T4)；失败的积极意义以及如何理智面对失利(T5) 阅读7选5说明文 Passage 1 【新情境·精神过载】（2026届浙江宁波市镇海中学高三英语模拟）In modern busy life, mental overwhelm has become common for many people. We often struggle with endless worries, messy thoughts and tiring to-do lists that leave us mentally exhausted. 1 Thankfully, here are some practical and evidence-based ways to ease our mental pressure and regain calmness in daily life. • Write about your problems. Writing down what makes you feel stressed is more helpful than you think. Research has shown that expressive writing can reduce troubling thoughts and improve your working memory. 2 Just let your words flow freely on the paper without self-criticism. Doing this every day can prevent messy thoughts from piling up and weighing you down. • 3 A recent study has found that people need nearly 23 minutes to fully regain focus after an unexpected disturbance. Frequent distractions will only leave you feeling anxious and inefficient. To solve this problem, you can identify common disturbances like social media updates and email notices. Set fixed periods to deal with them so that you can save your cognitive energy for key tasks. • Connect physically. Rather than keeping to yourself when feeling stressed, try to stay close to people who care about you. 4 Studies have made it clear that warm physical touch can lower stress levels and improve your overall sense of well-being. Even small gentle touches can create a strong feeling of comfort and calmness. • Learn to refuse politely. Overwhelm often comes from taking on too many unnecessary responsibilities. You can list things you plan to say “no” to, such as after-work emails or meaningless events. 5 Only in this way can you put them into what really matters and improve your mental health. A．Schedule interruptions. B．Manage time reasonably. C．This daily practice helps clear your mind effectively. D．Saying no to extra assignments improves your work efficiency. E．You can hug your family or hold hands with your close friends. F．Such a state can greatly impact our mood and daily performance. G．Learning to set proper boundaries saves your limited mental energies. Passage 2 【新情境·食物对人体健康的影响】（2026·广东省高考适应性考试）Many people eat broccoli or drink red wine because they believe the antioxidants (抗氧化物) in them can remove harmful substances and slow down aging. However, recent research suggests a different idea. These foods are good for us not because they protect us, but because they challenge our bodies in small ways. 1 Plants cannot move to escape danger. As a result, they produce chemicals to defend themselves against insects, heat, and disease. The spiciness of chili, the bitterness of broccoli, and the dryness of wine are all part of this defense system. 2 When we consume them, our bodies detect these signals and strengthen their natural ability to cope with stress. Take broccoli as an example. It contains sulforaphane (萝卜硫素), which does not fight diseases directly. 3 In doing so, it helps us build stronger defenses and improve long-term health. A certain level of challenge can be good for our health. Modern farming makes food safer and more stable, but it also reduces the stress plants experience, leading to fewer protective chemicals and weaker signals for the human body. In contrast, the Mediterranean (地中海的) diet offers a different picture. It features foods like olives, nuts, and vegetables, which often grow in dry and difficult conditions. 4 When we eat them, we receive stronger signals that help our bodies respond and stay healthy. This may help explain why the Mediterranean diet is widely considered healthy and beneficial in the long run. 5 Rather than simply avoiding stress, our bodies benefit from manageable stresses that strengthen them and prepare them for future difficulties. A．However, this is easier said than done. B．Rather, it activates our built-in defense systems. C．This view offers a new way to understand healthy eating. D．For humans, these substances act as a mild form of stress. E．To survive, they produce more chemicals to protect themselves. F．Ultimately, health is built through balanced interaction with the world. G．Processed foods, however, are typically grown in resource-rich environments. Passage 3 【新情境·社交媒体算法的运作方式及其负面影响】（2026届湖南长沙市雅礼中学高三考前模）Algorithms (算法) on social media are one of the tools used by technology companies on the apps, games and websites we use every day. They show you content you enjoy so that you spend more time on their sites. 1 The Negative Side of Algorithms The algorithm grabs your attention in numerous ways. Humans naturally seek connection from others, so each time you receive a “like” or a friendly comment on your posts, it releases a substance in your brain called dopamine (多巴胺) that gives you a happy feeling. The trouble is, these brief highs can be followed with a low that leaves you searching more. 2 This can strengthen beliefs, because no one is offering a different opinion. What’s the Solution? If you are on social media then there are ways to mitigate (缓解) the negative effects; Have a time limit 3 . A study found that people who deactivated social media reported greater levels of happiness and life satisfaction, and lower levels of depression and anxiety. Notice your mood Check in with yourself before, during and after using social media. 4 Notice the curiosity and desire that tempts you to keep clicking. From time to time, ask yourself, do you really want to look at this, or is there something else you would prefer to be doing? 5 Save likes and comments for your close friends, but don’t engage with content unless you really need to. This keeps a healthy distance between you and the algorithm. Avoid caring about negative content too much, as this can help you feel uplifted rather than depressed. A．Engage carefully B．Ignore negative comments C．Find out how you are feeling when scrolling D．Putting your mental health to the top priority is essential E．But in doing so, they can influence your thinking as well F．Limiting social media use to thirty minutes daily may help G．Algorithms also operate by drawing people into echo chambers (回声室) Passage 4 【新情境·培养良好阅读习惯】（2026届湖南长沙市岳麓实验中学高三全真模拟适应性考试） How to Develop a Good Reading Habit Reading is one of the best ways to improve ourselves. However, many people find it hard to stick to reading. Here are some useful tips for you. 1 . Many people fail to keep reading because they choose books that are too difficult or boring. If you are a beginner, start with simple and interesting books such as travel journals and story books. Easy reading can build your confidence. Set a fixed reading time. 2 . You can choose 15–20 minutes every morning or before bedtime. Fixed time helps form muscle memory, and you will gradually get used to reading every day. Put books in visible places. If books are hidden in drawers, you will easily forget to read. 3 . When you see books at any time, you will be more likely to pick them up and read for a while. Share reading feelings with others. Reading alone is quiet, but sharing makes reading more meaningful. You can talk with your friends or family about your gains from books. 4 . Never stop reading. Don’t give up even if you miss reading for one or two days. 5 . As long as you keep going, you will surely gain a lot from long-term reading. A．Start with suitable books B．Choose famous classic works C．Place books on desks or bedsides D．Consistency is the key to reading E．It helps you understand the books better F．Reading time should be long and continuous G．Short daily reading is better than occasional long reading Passage 5 【新情境·失败的积极意义以及如何理智面对失利】（2026届山东省济南市历城第二中学模拟）Life frequently places us in contexts where people strive to outperform one another. 1 No one likes to lose, whether in a board game or a sports match. But why does losing hurt so much and how can it be handled better? Picture this. You’ve just lost the final match of the football season. Your stomach drops, your tears well up and anger or disappointment takes over. 2 Balbir Bansi, a school counsellor in UK, says these feelings are natural. “When a lot of time and effort needs to be put in, it can be painful to lose, because it can feel like your hard work has gone to waste,” Balbir says. Other emotions such as embarrassment may also arise, especially if friends and family have come to support you. These same emotions can surface even in casual contests between friends, like table tennis or video games. To an outsider, losing might seem inconsequential, but Balbir explains that the desire to do your best can lead to disappointment, whatever the circumstances of the defeat. 3 Alternatively, you may fear that losing shows you are less skilled than your opponent. This might make you doubt your abilities. However, losing does have an upside. Many top athletes who have faced repeated defeats have mentioned that moving on is crucial, as losses make them stronger. 4 Balbir agrees, “we can learn as much from losing as from winning.” When it comes to losing, the key is to use defeat to identify weaknesses and areas for improvement without becoming unnecessarily self-critical and negative. For many, losing with good grace and offering sincere congratulations to your opponent is a sign of wisdom and maturity. 5 A．You have to face defeat many times. B．It can remove the uncomfortable feelings. C．These are winning qualities in all walks of life. D．With competition comes the possibility of losing. E．It also feels unbearable to congratulate your opponents. F．You may rely on winning as a way to boost your confidence. G．Learning from those mistakes helps them improve and work harder. 真题·实战演练 高频考点：考查小标题；考查段首句；考查段中句；考查段尾句；综合考查7选5技巧 1.【2022年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym, ” while another read: “___16___” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition. So, how do you find a workout partner? First of all, decide what you want from that person. ___17___ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner. You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a useful response. ___18___ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym. My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. ___19___ You and your partner will probably have different skills. ___20___ Over time, both of you will benefit — your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other. A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward. B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by. C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else. D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice? F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information. 2.【2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques. ___16___ When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. ___17___ Don’t worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique won’t work for everyone, it helps many people get a good store of ideas to draw on. The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. ___18___ Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete highway. The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision. ___19___ As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大块) of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor. ___20___ The resulting blank space invites you to revise. A. Make sure your handwriting is neat. B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought. C. The second draft of the essay should be better. D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing. E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time. F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise. G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space. 3.【2022年全国乙卷】Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain (保持) long-distance friendships. ·Set a regular date Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. ___16___. ·More isn’t always merrier Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. ___17___. There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat. ·Practise empathy (共情) ___18___. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned. · ___19___ Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you. ·Don’t rely on technology alone ___20___, but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible. A. Remember important dates B. Compensate by writing letters C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind 4.【2022年全国甲卷】Important Things to Know When Dining Out Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. ___16___. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world. Chopstick Rules The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. ___17___ . Hands or Utensils (餐具) In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. ___18___, instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons. Making Requests ___19___ . In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. ___20___ , the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. A. The more friends you make in your lifetime B. The more time you spend in any given country C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal 5.【2022年北京卷】Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various pressures, we tend to ignore our health. ____35____ It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases. ____36____ We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body. Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses. ____37____ This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy. It means the fitness level is not in accordance with our age and the climatic conditions we live in. It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness. ____38____ For instance, we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style. There are different levels of exercises for different age groups and we must do them according to our own health and age. Additionally, it is important to relax our body. We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It helps in improving our immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases. ____39____ This, in turn, gives us new goals of health and fitness. A. Fitness levels decide the quality of life. B. Health and fitness are interrelated to each other. C. It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind. D. For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily. E. If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner. F. There are some activities which everyone should do in our life. G. This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases. 6.【2022年浙江卷6月】I have a drawer full of letters to Santa. Each year my children would write up their Christmas wish lists. They were polite requests for the latest game or toy. As the children got older, they would give Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents. ____11____ Those letters taught my children a valuable lesson about writing: It has a purpose. Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something;other times it may be to entertain, inform, or persuade. ____12____ And when writing doesn’t seem to have any purpose or get any kind of meaningful response, then it can be hard to get excited about doing it. Christmas is a great time of year for children to communicate with others through writing. When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly. ____13____ You write “Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect. ____14____ Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly producing written messages. However, because they are usually writing to family and friends, they use informal language most of the time. There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done. ____15____ This type of writing won’t be rewarded by the school examiner, nor by a future employer or a potential client. The very best communicators are those who know how to adjust their language to match their audience. A. It isn’t that these young people can’t write. B. But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be. C. The age of pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed. D. As a result, each year they received something they wanted. E. You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them. F. As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have. G. But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems. 7.【2022年浙江卷1月】I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but 1 have made specific choice that allow me to make the most of every day and still feel happy and relaxed. 11 Pick the most important. 12 Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive. 1 chose the life of an adviser because I like to work with companies, but don't want the life of a big company CEO. My choices are based on the lifestyle 1 want. Combine your activities. Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc. 13 Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner. Build your social life around people your work environment. Find people in your company who share common interests and develop your career （职业）around the people and activities you love. 14 You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important. Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there. Lighten up. The world won't come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone. Celebrate progress and keep refining （改进）toward a happy productive existence. 15 Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way. A. Speed up. B. Be an active learner. C. Stop trying to balance time between them all. D. Make choices about what is meaningful in your life. E. The things you do well usually give you greater joy. F Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time. G. This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook. 8.【2022年浙江卷6月】I have a drawer full of letters to Santa. Each year my children would write up their Christmas wish lists. They were polite requests for the latest game or toy. As the children got older, they would give Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents. ____11____ Those letters taught my children a valuable lesson about writing: It has a purpose. Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something;other times it may be to entertain, inform, or persuade. ____12____ And when writing doesn’t seem to have any purpose or get any kind of meaningful response, then it can be hard to get excited about doing it. Christmas is a great time of year for children to communicate with others through writing. When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly. ____13____ You write “Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect. ____14____ Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly producing written messages. However, because they are usually writing to family and friends, they use informal language most of the time. There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done. ____15____ This type of writing won’t be rewarded by the school examiner, nor by a future employer or a potential client. The very best communicators are those who know how to adjust their language to match their audience. A. It isn’t that these young people can’t write. B. But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be. C. The age of pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed. D. As a result, each year they received something they wanted. E. You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them. F. As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have. G. But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems. 9.【2021年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly. ____16____ ·Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which supports your back and the book should be at the right distance from your eyes. ____17____ ____18____ Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.This will help you to decide whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this way could save you quite a lot of time in the long run. If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time. ____19____ A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects. In the former case you may be able to read a chapter. In the latter you may only be able to read one page. Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. ____20____Note also the facts important for your purpose as well as anything which leads you to further research. You don't have to write these things in detail. It is enough to put the page number and one or two words as a reminder . A. Stop to have a rest now and then. B. Spend a few minutes looking through the book. C. This depends on the type of book you are reading. D. Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed. E. Make a note of any page which is of special importance. F. You may find yourself having to leam something by heart. G. Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy. 10.【2021年全国甲卷】Swap, Don’t shop! You keep hearing about recycling, right? But it doesn't end with bottles, cans, and paper. Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources（资源）to make, and buying loads of new clothing（or throwing out old clothing）is not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor? ____16____. It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time. A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers. ●Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. ____17____ , and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable. ●____18____. They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their "new" clothes home. ●Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.____19____. Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on. ●Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go,” or turn on a certain song, or whatever. ____20____. And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party! A. Less people than that B. Hold a clothing swap C. If two people are competing D. Just keep music playing throughout E. Donate whatever clothes are left over F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition 11.【2021年全国乙卷】According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it’s not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party. ___36___, if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers. People love to talk about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a question other than “What do you do for a living?”, you’ll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you’re talking to. ___37___, it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation. ___38___? If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox （讲台）. If you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation.___39___. And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If you’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment（赞扬）. ___40___. Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.” So being interesting at a dinner party isn’t that hard. A. How do you know the host B. The first step is to go exploring C. If you ask the question “How did you get here?” D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say F. What about that person who had too much to drink or won’t stop talking G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most 12.【2021年北京卷】Music has long been considered to be an enjoyable pastime for many people． ____35____ The mental health benefits from music can't be argued．Music could also be helping you with many other health problems behind the scenes． ____36____However，for the same reason，music can be very beneficial if one is in pain．By distracting （分心） the mind from the pain，music，people say，can lower stress and anxiety levels．This，of course，can lead to less pain． Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed．____37____While the validity of the idea is still being assessed，the lowered stress can even be tied back to blood pressure．Similarly, according to researchers，listening to just 30 minutes of soft music every day may help with healthy blood sugar levels， through the lowering of stress and anxiety． When it comes to heart health，there is speculation （推测） that it's not the style of music， but rather the tempo that makes it so good for your heart health．In one European study，participants listened to music as the researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure．____38____ On the other hand，when the music slowed，the participants' stress and anxiety levels became lower and the effects on heart rates appeared to follow suit． ____39____But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for，which is what makes music so valuable． A. This feeling can also result in many other health problems． B. Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud． C. This idea is a little off-the-wall but still has scientific backing． D. They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep． E. The implications of music on overall well-being are really impressive． F. It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on stress and anxiety． G. Interestingly，the more cheerful the music was，the faster their heart rates were． 13.【2021年浙江卷1月】You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water. You get what you need, head to the front, and choose the line that looks fastest. You chose wrong. People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off to the parking lot. 11． It turns out, it's just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster. Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum delay. 12．Any small interruption - a price check, a chatty customer-can have downstream effects, holding up an entire line. If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. Think about the probability:13．So it's not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster. Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem. Make all customers stand in one long, snaking line- called a serpentine line - and serve each person at the front with the next available register. 14．This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone a little bit but speed up checkout overall. 15．It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can't afford the space or manpower. So wherever your next wait may be: Good luck. A．Why does this always seem to happen to you? B．So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines? C．Some of the may have stood in a queue for almost an hour. D．The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three. E.How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line? F.With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach. G.But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy. 14.【2020年新课标Ⅰ】A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance We all want it… to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. 36. Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction. ●37. Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own;you are the only you in this world. ●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. 38. You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response? ＂That didn’t go as planned. But, I tried my best.＂ ●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. 39. ●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. 40. Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are? A. Feeling upset again? B. Where do you start? C. Nothing is too small to celebrate. D. Remember, you are only human. E.Set an intention for self-acceptance. F.Stop comparing yourself with others. G.When does the comparison game start? 15.【2020年新课标Ⅱ】Emoji(表情符号) and Workplace Communication In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play. 36. . It’s been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work. Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear. 37. , encouraging better and more frequent communication. In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge. 38. . While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve(曲线). The good news is that it’s simple to learn and can be worth the effort. There is also the matter of tone(语气). Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day? 39. . Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile. 40. , and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you’ll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture. A. Message with emojis feel more conversational B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly C. Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally E.Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly F.Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace G.An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform 16.【2020年新课标Ⅲ】 A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the party. The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. 36. And it is good time to fill the new space with love and hopeful presents. 37. Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn’t a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant. 38. This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn’t a lot of food served. There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. 39. Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift. 40. Now most homes have central heating and don’t use fires to keep warm. A. This isn’t usual though. B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party. C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests. D. If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place. E.It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like. F.The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together. G.This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter. 17.【2020年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷（山东卷）】 Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking.16. Do you want to be a good public speaker? Here are some principles you must master. People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public”at the expense of the”speaking. “ 17. Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection. Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact,most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message. So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one.18. Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker.19. And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis. 20. It’s rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer. “On the other hand, you probably can’t count the times that you’ve thought, “I’m glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever! “So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It’s better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end. A. Do the opposite. B. You want to be an effective public speaker. C. You don’ t need to apologize for a minor slip. D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more. E.The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience F.Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners G.However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be. 18.【2020年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷（海南卷）】Talking with your doctor Talking freely with your doctor can make you feel better and gives your doctor the information she or he needs to give you the best care. Don't be afraid or embarrassed to discuss something that is bothering you.____16____ ●Stay positive. Go to your doctor's visits with a good attitude.____17____Think teamwork! Think positive! ●Keep track of how you are feeling. ____18____This will make it easier for you to answer questions about your symptoms（症状）and how medicines make you feel. It also makes it easier for you to bring up anything that you are worried about. Make sure to be honest about how you feel and how long you've felt that way. ●____19____ Your medical history is a list of your illnesses, treatments, what the doctors told you to do, and anything else you think your doctor should know. Also, if you are allergic（过敏）to any medicines, be sure to mention that to your doctor. ●Ask questions. Do not be afraid to ask your doctor any questions you have. To remember all the questions you have when you are not in the doctor's office, write them down and bring the list with you to your appointment.____20____Remember—there's no such thing as a stupid question. If you don't understand the answer to a question, ask the doctor to explain it again until you do understand. A. This will make getting answers easier. B. Here are some tips for talking with your doctor. C. You can talk to another doctor if the treatments don't work. D. Before your doctor's visit, keep notes on how you are feeling. E. Remember, your doctor and other caregivers are on your side. F. Bring your medical history, including a list of your current medicines. G. Writing down what the doctor says will help you remember important information. 19.【2020年北京卷】Many people think that positive thinking is mostly about keeping one's head in the sand and ignoring daily problems, trying to look optimistic. In reality it has more to do with the way an individual talks to himself. Self-talk is a constant stream of thoughts of a person, who is often unaware and uncertain of some events, phenomena, people, or even the person himself.____46____Meanwhile, positive thinking can help to stop negative self-talks and start to form a positive view on an issue. People who regularly practise positive thinking tend to solve problems more effectively. They are less exposed to stress caused by external factors. They tend to believe in themselves and in what they do. ____47____People who think positively demonstrate increased life spans, lower rates of depression and anxiety, better physical and psychological health, reduced risks of death from heart problems. Positive thinking also contributes to one's ability to deal with problems and hardships.____48____For example, researchers have found that in the case of a crisis accompanied by strong emotions, such as a natural disaster, positive thinking can provide a sort of buffer against depression and anxiety. Resilient people who think positively tend to treat every problem as a challenge, a chance for improvement of any kind, or as an opportunity for personal growth. Pessimists, on the contrary, tend to perceive problems as a source of additional stress.____49____ In conclusion, positive thinking is a powerful and effective tool for dealing with hard times and improving the quality of one's life. It doesn't have anything to do with ignorant optimism when an individual refuses to notice a problem.____50____ Thinking in a positive, self-encouraging way brings about many benefits to one's physical and mental health. A. It doesn't cause any severe emotional discomfort, either. B. Negative self-talk damages self-confidence and decreases self-respect. C. It helps one to remain clear-headed and confident in difficult situations. D. Positive thinking has several beneficial effects on the body and the mind. E. As thinking changes, an individual's behaviour and habits change as well. F. They often offer a real alternative to the common and regular way of thinking. G. They often feel discouraged long before trying to solve the problem, even if small. 20.【2020年浙江卷1月】Let's take a minute to think about the water we use. The human body is 60% water and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy. When we are thirsty we just go to the kitchen and fill a glass with clean water. ___31___For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy. The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want，but this is not the case for many people around the world.___32___That's around one in 10 people in the world. If we drink dirty water，we can catch diseases from the bacteria and become ill. Every year over 500，000 children die from diarrhea(腹泻)from dirty water. That's around 1，400 children every day！Also，in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water.___33___Therefore，they don't have time to learn how to read or write and don't get an education. ___34___On this day every year，countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world. At one school in the UK，children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water.___35___People give them money to do this and all the money helps get clean water to as many people as possible around the world. A. We use water indirectly too. B. Every system in our body depends on water to function. C. It is to inspire people to learn more about water-related problems D. If children walk many hours a day to get water，they can't go to school. E. Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink？ F. In 1993 the United Nations decided that March 22nd is the World Day for Water. G. In this way，they know how it feels to walk a long distance carrying heavy bottles. 6 / 24网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 阅读7选5——说明文 目 录 模拟·基础演练 1 重难·创新演练 7 真题·实战演练 13 模拟·基础演练 考查重点：考查小标题；考查段首句；考查段中句；考查段尾句；综合考查7选5技巧 7选5说明文 1.考查小标题 1.（2026·陕西西北工业大学附属中学第三次适应训练）It can be hard to stay motivated when learning a language. It’s easy to lose interest if you’re always thinking, “How often do I need to study?” or “How long is it going to take to become fluent?” 1 It is often more important than how hard you study! ● 2 Instead of thinking about far-away goals, use the language to do things that you enjoy right now! For example, if you like learning about other cultures, watch TV shows or read in the language. 3 ● Have a conversation every day To get the best results, you need to study grammar and vocabulary, but you also need to practice speaking and listening. Try to have a conversation in the language every day, even for a few minutes. Spend time discussing your favorite topics, like your favorite hobbies or places to visit. 4 Over time, conversation will become easier. As you see how much you’ve improved, you’ll want to speak even more! ● Set easy daily goals Lastly, set daily learning goals. 5 Instead, make small goals for yourself, like “listen to an audiobook in English for 30 minutes every day.” By dividing your bigger goals into daily tasks, learning becomes easier — and more fun! A．Enjoy the things you do. B．Use the language to do things you enjoy. C．Here are some ways to keep you motivated. D．Don’t worry about mistakes; just try to have fun. E．In fact, the way you think about studying matters a lot. F．Big goals, like “become fluent in English”, aren’t very motivating. G．If you enjoy cooking or sports, watch YouTube videos about food or soccer. 【答案】1．E 2．B 3．G 4．D 5．F 【解析】文章主要介绍了在语言学习中保持动力的几种方法，包括用语言做喜欢的事、每天对话以及设定每日小目标。 1．上文“It can be hard to stay motivated when learning a language. It’s easy to lose interest if you’re always thinking, “How often do I need to study?” or “How long is it going to take to become fluent?”(学习语言时很难保持动力。如果你总是想“我多久需要学习一次？”或“需要多长时间才能流利？”，很容易失去兴趣)”指出了学习语言时容易因过多思考结果而失去动力，E选项“In fact, the way you think about studying matters a lot.(事实上，你思考学习的方式非常重要)”承接上文，指出学习的思维方式至关重要；下文“It is often more important than how hard you study!(它往往比你学习的努力程度更重要！)”进一步强调思维方式比努力程度更关键，与E选项中的“the way you think about studying”直接呼应，上下文连贯。 2．设空处为段落小标题，需概括本段内容。下文“Instead of thinking about far-away goals, use the language to do things that you enjoy right now!(不要想着遥远的目标，用语言来做你现在喜欢做的事情！)”建议用所学语言做喜欢的事。B选项“Use the language to do things you enjoy.(用这门语言做你喜欢的事情)”准确概括了本段主旨，与下文的“use the language to do things that you enjoy”直接呼应，符合小标题格式。 3．上文“For example, if you like learning about other cultures, watch TV shows or read in the language.(例如，如果你喜欢了解其他文化，就看电视节目或用这门语言阅读)”举例说明了如何用所学语言做喜欢的事，G选项“If you enjoy cooking or sports, watch YouTube videos about food or soccer.(如果你喜欢烹饪或运动，就看关于食物或足球的YouTube视频)”与上文构成并列关系，提供了更多的具体示例，且本段小标题是“Use the language to do things you enjoy”，G选项中的“cooking or sports”进一步丰富了“things you enjoy”的具体类型，上下文逻辑连贯。 4．上文“Spend time discussing your favorite topics, like your favorite hobbies or places to visit.(花时间讨论你最喜欢的话题，比如你最喜欢的爱好或想去的地方)”建议用所学语言讨论喜欢的话题以练习对话，D选项“Don’t worry about mistakes; just try to have fun.(不要担心犯错，只管享受乐趣)”承接上文，给出了对话练习时的心态建议——不要怕犯错；下文“Over time, conversation will become easier.(随着时间的推移，对话会变得越来越容易)”说明了放松心态后的积极结果——对话会变得更容易，与D选项中的“just try to have fun”相呼应，上下文逻辑连贯。 5．上文“Lastly, set daily learning goals.(最后，设定每日学习目标)”是本段的主题句，F选项“Big goals, like “become fluent in English”, aren’t very motivating.(像“流利说英语”这样的大目标并不太能激励人)”承接上文，指出了大目标的不足；下文“Instead, make small goals for yourself, like “listen to an audiobook in English for 30 minutes every day.”(相反，为自己设定小目标，比如“每天听30分钟英语有声读物”)”给出了设定小目标的具体建议，与F选项中的“big goals”形成对比，上下文逻辑连贯。 2.（2026·广东东莞市第四高级中学月考） How to Volunteer at an Animal Shelter When you think of volunteering at an animal shelter, you might think of walking dogs or brushing cats. However, there are many additional jobs available! Shelters usually need volunteers for office work, adoption events, and many more important responsibilities. 1 Here is some information you need to know. Understand the volunteer requirements. Different shelters have different requirements, which often depend on the specific work that you’ll be doing. As a general rule, you should be able to hear, see, and interpret animal behavior and body language. 2 At the same time, you need to keep a positive attitude to handle a stressful situation. 3 Many shelters have training courses for new volunteers before they can officially start. This usually includes a tour of the facility, instructions on the jobs you will be doing, meeting staff, etc. Additionally, you should do anything else that the shelter says you need to do before starting. For example, you may need to vaccinate（给……接种疫苗）yourself against common animal-transmitted diseases. Find a schedule that works well for you. Perhaps you can volunteer after school or on weekends. The owner of the shelter will usually tell you what you can do at a certain scheduled time. Some shelters have designated “shifts” for volunteers. 4 Ask the staff which days and time sessions are available and find one that fits in with your schedule. Prepare volunteer essentials. You may need to provide your own lunch. 5 Consider bringing tennis shoes or rubber boots, depending upon your chores. You shouldn’t wear shiny jewelry, because you don’t want the animals taking it, breaking it, or fighting you for it. It’s also a good idea to bring bandages and disinfectant（消毒剂）cream. A．Attend the training session. B．Learn skills for protecting oneself. C．So you must master the skills for different shelter jobs. D．Therefore, you need to be prepared before volunteering. E．However, others just let helpers drop in when they have time. F．Dress appropriately for the weather if you’ll be working outdoors. G．This is most important if you’ll be working directly with animals. 【答案】1．D 2．G 3．A 4．E 5．F 【解析】本文介绍了在动物收容所做志愿者的相关准备工作和注意事项。 1．根据前文“Shelters usually need volunteers for office work, adoption events, and many more important responsibilities.(收容所通常需要志愿者从事文书工作、领养活动以及许多其他重要职责。)”以及后文“Here is some information you need to know.(这里有一些你需要了解的信息。)”可知，前文介绍了收容所志愿工作的多样性，后文引出需要了解的信息，可推理出空白处表示的是做志愿者之前要做好准备，D选项“Therefore, you need to be prepared before volunteering.(因此，在做志愿者之前你需要做好准备。)”承上启下，由工作的复杂性引出需要做好准备，符合语境。 2．根据前文“As a general rule, you should be able to hear, see, and interpret animal behavior and body language.(一般来说，你应该能够听见、看见并解读动物的行为和肢体语言。)”可知，前文讲述志愿者需要具备解读动物行为和肢体语言的能力，可推理出空白处表示的是听见、看见并解读动物的行为和肢体语言对即将要与动物打交道的志愿者来说很重要，G选项“This is most important if you’ll be working directly with animals.(如果你要直接与动物打交道，这一点最为重要。)”中的“This”指代前文所述的能力，说明这种能力对直接接触动物的志愿者至关重要，符合语境。 3．根据后文“Many shelters have training courses for new volunteers before they can officially start.(许多收容所都会为新志愿者提供培训课程，然后他们才能正式上岗。)”可知，本段主要讲述志愿者需要参加培训课程，A选项“Attend the training session.(参加培训课程。)”能概括本段主题，适合作本段主题句。 4．根据前文“Some shelters have designated “shifts” for volunteers (一些收容所为志愿者指定了“轮班”。)”可知，前文提到一些收容所有固定的轮班制度，E选项“However, others just let helpers drop in when they have time.(然而，其他收容所则允许志愿者有时间时随时来。)”中的“others”与前文的“Some shelters”形成对比，介绍了另一种不同的安排方式，符合语境。 5．根据后文“Consider bringing tennis shoes or rubber boots, depending upon your chores. You shouldn’t wear shiny jewelry, because you don’t want the animals taking it, breaking it, or fighting you for it (根据你手头的活儿，考虑带上网球鞋或橡胶靴。不要佩戴闪亮的首饰，因为你可不想让动物把它抢走、弄坏，或是为争抢它而与你打斗)”可知，后文具体建议穿着合适的鞋子和避免佩戴闪亮首饰，可推理出空白处表示的是要适当穿衣，F选项“Dress appropriately for the weather if you’ll be working outdoors.(如果你要在户外工作，要根据天气适当穿衣。)”与后文共同围绕志愿者着装和穿戴的建议，符合语境。 3.（2026·河北昌黎第一中月考）You may have heard of journaling as a tool for personal growth or mental health. In fact, studies have shown that journaling helps reduce symptoms of anxiety, depression, and even post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). 1 Organizing your thoughts Our minds can be chaotic. Writing our thoughts down can help us gain some space from them. 2 When our thoughts are on paper, we can notice what is actually going on in our mind and use this information to make concrete goals. When we get clear on our needs, we can get clear on how to meet them, and thus live a happy, fulfilled life. Zooming out to get perspective Using journaling to record your day-to-day life can help you notice and break out of patterns that might be keeping you stuck. We all become involved in cycles of behavior that may not serve us in the long run. Keeping track of our lives can help us become more aware of what holds us back. 3 It allows us to notice what stays the same and what changes over time. With this awareness, we can use this information to make changes in our lives and relationships. 4 When we can get our stories onto a page, we materialize them into something meaningful and manageable. We can read our own narrative and ask ourselves, “How would I respond to a friend who had been through this experience?” Often, we are critical of ourselves. However, we are kind and compassionate toward others who have been through hard things. Journaling can help us extend that compassion toward ourselves. Practicing gratitude Gratitude journaling has been shown to improve mental health, interpersonal relationship quality, and even physical health and health behaviors. 5 It may be anything that makes you think, “I am lucky to have... in my life.” Realizing the abundance of good things we often miss can make us much happier. Meanwhile, those tough things seem insignificant and fade away. A．Building self-compassion B．Developing empathy for others C．Looking back at old writings also helps D．This can greatly reduce their emotional charge E．Take time to reflect on what you are grateful for F．Here is some advice on how to start journaling effectively G．Here is how and why putting your thoughts onto paper helps 【答案】1．G 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．E 【解析】主要说明了写日记有益心理健康，它能梳理思绪、跳出固有生活模式、学会善待自己，坚持记录感恩之事，还能改善身心状态与人际关系。 1．根据上文“You may have heard of journaling as a tool for personal growth or mental health. In fact, studies have shown that journaling helps reduce symptoms of anxiety, depression, and even post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).(你可能听说过写日记作为一种促进个人成长或改善心理健康的方法。事实上，研究表明，写日记有助于减轻焦虑、抑郁甚至创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的症状)”可知，第一段开篇点明写日记对情绪健康有益，下文分点阐述写日记的作用，G选项“下文将为你说明把想法写在纸上为何以及如何发挥作用”引出下文，符合语境。 2．根据上文“Our minds can be chaotic. Writing our thoughts down can help us gain some space from them.(我们的思绪可能很混乱。将想法写下来有助于我们从中获得一些空间)”以及后文“When our thoughts are on paper, we can notice what is actually going on in our mind and use this information to make concrete goals. When we get clear on our needs, we can get clear on how to meet them, and thus live a happy, fulfilled life.(当我们的想法写在纸上时，我们就能清楚地意识到内心真正发生的事情，并利用这些信息制定具体的目标。当我们明确了自己的需求后，也能清楚地知道如何满足它们，从而过上幸福而充实的生活)”可知，第二段主题是整理想法，前文提到写下想法能帮我们和杂乱思绪拉开距离，D选项“这能大幅削减这些想法的情绪负荷”承接前文，说明其作用，符合逻辑。 3．根据上文“Using journaling to record your day-to-day life can help you notice and break out of patterns that might be keeping you stuck. We all become involved in cycles of behavior that may not serve us in the long run. Keeping track of our lives can help us become more aware of what holds us back.(通过日记记录日常生活，可以帮助你察觉并打破那些可能让你陷入困境的模式。我们都会陷入一些行为循环，而这些循环未必能长期为我们带来益处。记录生活点滴有助于我们更清楚地意识到是什么在限制着自己)”以及后文“It allows us to notice what stays the same and what changes over time. With this awareness, we can use this information to make changes in our lives and relationships.(它让我们能够注意到哪些事物保持不变，哪些会随着时间而改变。有了这种意识，我们就能利用这些信息来调整自己的生活和人际关系)”可知，第三段主题是跳出固有视角获得全局观，前文提到记录生活能帮我们发现阻碍自己的模式，后文提到它能帮我们发现随时间推移不变和改变的事物，C选项“回看过去的日记也对此很有帮助”中“回看旧日记”对应后文的“发现变化”，符合语境。 4．根据后文“When we can get our stories onto a page, we materialize them into something meaningful and manageable. We can read our own narrative and ask ourselves, “How would I respond to a friend who had been through this experience?” Often, we are critical of ourselves. However, we are kind and compassionate toward others who have been through hard things. Journaling can help us extend that compassion toward ourselves.(当我们把故事写在纸上时，便能将其转化为有意义且可掌控的事物。我们可以阅读自己的叙述，并问自己：“如果朋友经历过类似的经历，我会如何回应？” 通常，我们对自己过于苛刻，但对经历困难的人却常常充满善意与同情。写日记有助于我们将这份同情心延伸到自己身上)”可知，空处是本段小标题，本段内容说明写日记能帮助我们把对他人的善意转移到自己身上，获得自我同情，A选项“建立自我同情”契合本段主旨。 5．根据上文“Gratitude journaling has been shown to improve mental health, interpersonal relationship quality, and even physical health and health behaviors.(感恩日记已被证明能够改善心理健康、人际关系质量，甚至对身体健康和健康行为产生积极影响)”以及后文“It may be anything that makes you think, “I am lucky to have... in my life.” Realizing the abundance of good things we often miss can make us much happier. Meanwhile, those tough things seem insignificant and fade away.(这可能是任何让你想到“我人生中很幸运拥有……”的事物。意识到我们常常忽略的诸多美好，会让我们感到更加幸福。而那些艰难的事情则显得微不足道，渐渐淡去)”可知，本段主题是练习感恩，前文提到感恩日记有益健康，后文提到任何能让你觉得自己幸运的事物都可以，E选项“花时间回想你值得感恩的事物”贴合感恩主题，承接上下文。 2.考查段首句 1.（2026·广东佛山市第一中学一模）You may have caught yourself talking to yourself, whether it’s reminding yourself about tasks or processing your emotions out loud. This simple habit often feels comforting and can be incredibly useful. After all, sometimes your own voice is your biggest motivator. Why People Talk to Themselves Talking to yourself might seem strange. 1 It’s more than perfectly normal — in fact, it can serve as a powerful mental strategy. 2 It can operate like a thermostat (恒温器), influencing the temperature of your emotions. External self-talk can also help you move towards your goals, give yourself feedback, and assist with analyzing challenging tasks. Some people also use it to prepare what they want to say ahead of time. The Benefits of Talking to Yourself 3 One benefit of external self-talk is that it can improve the relationship you have with yourself. Instead of asking others for answers all the time, talking to yourself helps you hear what you really want and make your own choices. Talking to yourself is a way to admit you are in charge as an adult. Trusting yourself is a key factor for building self-worth and tuning out other noises. Create space for curiosity. Talking to yourself creates a suitable environment for self-inquiry. When you communicate with yourself with curiosity, you will become more aware of and understand yourself clearly. 4 For example, you can ask yourself some questions to gain a deeper understanding of your inner world, or you can try a journaling method — write down your thoughts and answers, then read those answers out loud. So remember, even if talking to yourself feels a little odd, it comes with big benefits. Start small and ask yourself how you feel and why, and don’t be afraid to voice your thoughts out loud. 5 A．Boost self-worth. B．Regulate emotions. C．However, there are a variety of reasons why people do it. D．Self-inquiry requires quite complex steps every now and then. E．In fact, this way of self-inquiry can be very simple. F．This powerful practice could make a big difference in your mental wellness. G．Talking to yourself isn’t just common chatter — it’s a practical technique. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．E 5．F 【解析】本文主要介绍了自言自语这一行为十分普遍，分析人们自言自语的原因以及自言自语带来的诸多心理益处。 1．前文“Talking to yourself might seem strange. (自言自语或许看起来很怪异。)”提出人们对自言自语的刻板印象，后文“It’s more than perfectly normal — in fact, it can serve as a powerful mental strategy. (这再正常不过了，事实上，它可以作为一种强大的心理策略。)”转折说明自言自语是正常且有用的，C项“However, there are a variety of reasons why people do it. (然而，人们这么做存在各种各样的原因。)”前后形成转折，衔接怪异的表象与下文对该行为的解读，符合语境。 2．后文“It can operate like a thermostat (恒温器), influencing the temperature of your emotions. External self-talk can also help you move towards your goals, give yourself feedback, and assist with analyzing challenging tasks. Some people also use it to prepare what they want to say ahead of time. (它就像恒温器一样运作，影响你情绪的“温度”。出声自言自语还能帮助你朝着目标前进、给自己反馈，并协助分析具有挑战性的任务。有些人还用它来提前准备自己想要说的话。)”核心讲述自言自语调节情绪的作用，B项“Regulate emotions. (调节情绪。)”作为本段小标题，总领整段内容，符合语境。 3．由后文“One benefit of external self-talk is that it can improve the relationship you have with yourself. Instead of asking others for answers all the time, talking to yourself helps you hear what you really want and make your own choices. Talking to yourself is a way to admit you are in charge as an adult. Trusting yourself is a key factor for building self-worth and tuning out other noises. (出声自言自语的一大好处是改善你和自己的相处模式。不必总向别人寻求答案，自言自语能帮你认清内心真实诉求、自主做决定。自言自语是一种承认自己作为成年人掌控局面的方式。信任自己是建立自我价值和屏蔽外界噪音的关键因素。)”可知，本段围绕提升自我价值展开，A项“Boost self-worth. (提升自我价值。)”为本段小标题，概括段落主旨，符合语境。 4．前文“When you communicate with yourself with curiosity, you will become more aware of and understand yourself clearly. (带着好奇和自己对话，你会更清醒地认知、了解自己。)”说明自我探寻的作用，后文“For example, you can ask yourself some questions to gain a deeper understanding of your inner world, or you can try a journaling method — write down your thoughts and answers, then read those answers out loud. (例如，你可以问自己一些问题，以更深入地了解自己的内心世界，或者尝试写日记的方法——写下你的想法和答案，然后大声读出那些答案。)”列举简单易操作的自我探寻方式，E项“In fact, this way of self-inquiry can be very simple. (事实上，这种自我探寻的方式可以十分简单。)”衔接上文，引出后文简易实操案例，符合语境。 5．前文“So remember, even if talking to yourself feels a little odd, it comes with big benefits. Start small and ask yourself how you feel and why, and don’t be afraid to voice your thoughts out loud. (所以请记住，即使自言自语感觉有点奇怪，它也带来了巨大的好处。从小事做起，问问自己的感受和原因，不要害怕大声说出自己的想法。)”总结全文并给出实操建议，F项“This powerful practice could make a big difference in your mental wellness. (这种有效的方式会对你的心理健康产生很大积极影响。)”收束全文，升华自言自语的价值，符合语境。 2.（2026届四川雅安市高三第一次诊断性考试） How to Distinguish Fake News Whether it’s social media or other news reports, it can be hard to know what’s the truth and what’s false. 1 For senior high students, mastering the ability to identify fake news is essential for developing critical thinking. Here are some practical tips. Clarify fake news with fact-checking sites. It really is a jungle out there when it comes to false facts and the rest of the Internet. 2 Search for new claims on a fact-checking site to find out if the information is accurate. Do a background check on the author and their references. Research may seem like an annoying extra step, but it doesn’t take as long as you think. 3 Additionally, look for any sources that the article references in the text. A well-researched, factual article will be supported by the facts, and will be written by an educated individual. 4 Cross-check the information from the article or news report and see if it lines up with what the experts are saying. If the article seems to contradict expert findings, it’s likely fake news. Avoid fake news by reading new information with a skeptic attitude. It may seem a bit negative, but you can protect both yourself and others by reading new information with a more critical eye. Don’t treat any information as fact until you’ve checked the author, website, and sourcing for credibility. It can be a bit time-consuming. 5 Don’t take any content as fact easily. Checking its credibility first can save you a lot of trouble and prevent the spread of fake news among friends and family. A．Therefore, we should avoid fake news. B．Compare the article to well-established sources. C．Check the background information of the author. D．However, it can save you a lot of trouble in the long run. E．Fake news often weakens our ability to tell facts from fiction. F．Thankfully, many great resources can help you stay updated on facts. G．Look for the name of the article’s author and give them a quick search online. 【答案】1．E 2．F 3．G 4．B 5．D 【解析】文章主要介绍了高中生如何辨别虚假新闻的几种实用方法，包括使用事实核查网站、核实作者背景、将文章与权威来源对比以及以怀疑态度阅读信息等。 1．前文“Whether it’s social media or other news reports, it can be hard to know what’s the truth and what’s false. (无论是社交媒体还是其他新闻报道，很难分辨什么是真相、什么是虚假的。)指出辨别真假信息存在困难。后文“For senior high students, mastering the ability to identify fake news is essential for developing critical thinking. (对于高中生来说，掌握识别虚假新闻的能力对培养批判性思维至关重要。)”说明识别假新闻的重要性。E选项“Fake news often weakens our ability to tell facts from fiction. (虚假新闻常常削弱我们辨别事实与虚构的能力。)”解释了为什么辨别真假困难以及为什么需要培养识别能力，起到承上启下的作用。 2．前文“It really is a jungle out there when it comes to false facts and the rest of the Internet. (放眼互联网，虚假信息泛滥成灾，乱象丛生。)”比喻网络信息环境复杂混乱。F选项“Thankfully, many great resources can help you stay updated on facts. (幸运的是，有很多很好的资源可以帮助你随时了解事实。)”与前文在意思上形成转折，且后文“Search for new claims on a fact-checking site to find out if the information is accurate. (在事实核查网站上搜索新的说法，以查明信息是否准确。)”给出了F选项中所说的随时了解事实的具体做法，其中的“many great resources”也与后文的“fact-checking site”形成呼应，说明有可用资源来解决前文提到的混乱问题。 3．本段第一句“Do a background check on the author and their references. (对作者及其参考文献进行背景核查。)”点明本段主要围绕核查作者背景信息和文献展开。后文“Additionally, look for any sources that the article references in the text. (此外，查找文章在正文中引用的任何来源。)”已过渡到核查文献来源，说明空处应填入核查作者背景的相关内容。G选项“Look for the name of the article’s author and give them a quick search online. (查找文章作者的名字，并在网上快速搜索一下。)”是对作者进行背景核查，且与后文的查找引用来源形成逻辑上的先后顺序，先查作者，再查参考文献，符合本段主题。 4．后文“Cross-check the information from the article or news report and see if it lines up with what the experts are saying. (交叉核对文章或新闻报道中的信息，看是否与专家所说的相符。)”说明要将文章内容与专家观点进行比对。B选项“Compare the article to well-established sources. (将文章与权威来源进行比较。)”与后文意思一致，都是将文章内容与可靠来源进行比对验证。该项概括了本段的核心方法。 5．前文“It can be a bit time-consuming. (这可能有点耗时。)”指出以怀疑态度阅读信息、核查可信度需要花费时间。D选项“However, it can save you a lot of trouble in the long run. (然而，从长远来看，它可以为你省去很多麻烦。)”中的“However”与前文的耗时形成转折关系，说明虽然当下费时，但长期有益。同时，后文“Checking its credibility first can save you a lot of trouble and prevent the spread of fake news among friends and family. (首先核实信息的可信度，可以为你省去很多麻烦，并防止虚假新闻在朋友和家人之间传播。)”中的“save you a lot of trouble”与D选项中的“save you a lot of trouble in the long run”形成直接呼应。 3.（2026届山东省高唐县第一中学二模）Many believe that you must have born talent to become an artist. Talent refers to a natural ability for a particular skill. 1 Many artists displayed extraordinary abilities at a young age. Talented individuals may find it easier to learn and master artistic techniques. This can result in quicker progress and potentially more innovative work. However, art involves a vast number of skills that can be learned over time. Artists who put in consistent effort over long periods often see significant improvements. There are many artists who started with little apparent talent but became successful through dedication. 2 Hard work usually means that there is a strong motivation behind it. Motivation often determines how persistently an artist practices and learns. Toughness and adaptability are important qualities going hand in hand with hard work. Toughness helps artists handle criticism and setbacks. 3 So what is more important? Often, the most successful artists possess both natural talent and a high work criterion. Talent might provide an initial advantage, but hard work ensures continuous growth. 4 Artists must be committed to lifelong learning, which requires hard work regardless of talent. 5 Access to quality education can greatly enhance an artist’s development. Teachers can provide valuable feedback, introduce new techniques, and inspire creativity. Regular exposure to different art forms, cultures, and experiences can also enrich an artist's work. Traveling, attending exhibitions, and studying art history contribute to a deeper understanding and broader perspective. A．Van Gogh is one example. B．Other factors can help, too. C．Working with other artists is crucial. D．Besides, the art world is dynamic and evolving. E．Being an artist is not dependent on talent but hard work. F．Adaptability allows them to evolve with trends and technologies. G．In art, this emerges as a good understanding of color, composition, or form. 【答案】1．G 2．A 3．F 4．D 5．B 【解析】文章主要探讨了天赋与努力对于成为艺术家的重要性，指出天赋能带来起步优势，但长久的努力、良好的心态以及外部条件同样不可或缺。 1．根据前文“Talent refers to a natural ability for a particular skill.(天赋指的是掌握某项特定技能的天生能力。)”以及后文 “Many artists displayed extraordinary abilities at a young age.(许多艺术家在年少时就展现出非凡的能力。)”可知，前文给出天赋的定义，后文具体到艺术家的天赋，故空格处应承接上文，解释艺术领域的天赋具体体现在哪些方面。选项G“In art, this emerges as a good understanding of color, composition, or form.(在艺术领域，这种天赋表现为对色彩、构图或形态的良好感知。)”衔接上下文，符合语境。 2．根据前文“There are many artists who started with little apparent talent but became successful through dedication.(有许多艺术家起初并无明显天赋，却凭借全身心的投入获得了成功。)”可知，空前陈述一个观点，空格处可能会举出具体人物事例来佐证这一观点。选项A“Van Gogh is one example.(梵高就是其中一个例子。)”承接前文，举例论证，符合文意。 3．根据前文“Toughness and adaptability are important qualities going hand in hand with hard work. Toughness helps artists handle criticism and setbacks.(坚韧和适应能力是与努力相伴而行的重要品质。坚韧的品质帮助艺术家应对批评与挫折。)”可知，前文介绍了坚韧的作用，空格处应接着说明适应能力的作用。选项F“Adaptability allows them to evolve with trends and technologies.(适应能力让他们能够紧跟潮流与技术不断成长。)”对应前文关键词adaptability，逻辑连贯。 4．根据前文“Talent might provide an initial advantage, but hard work ensures continuous growth.(天赋或许能带来初始优势，但努力才能保证持续成长。)”以及后文“Artists must be committed to lifelong learning, which requires hard work regardless of talent.(艺术家必须坚持终身学习，而这一过程不论有无天赋，都离不开努力。)”可知，前文肯定了努力对艺术家持续成长的重要性，后文提出艺术家需要终身学习、不断精进。空处需要填入过渡句，解释为何需要持续学习、持续努力，衔接前后逻辑。选项D“Besides, the art world is dynamic and evolving.(此外，艺术领域不断发展变化。)”解释了终身学习的缘由，起到承上启下的作用。 5．根据后文“Access to quality education can greatly enhance an artist’s development.(接受优质教育能够极大地促进艺术家的成长。)”以及本段后文内容可知，本段开始介绍天赋和努力之外的其他助力因素。选项B“Other factors can help, too.(其他因素也能起到帮助作用。)”总领本段内容，契合语境。 3.考查段中句 1.（2026·河南豫西名校联考）What is personality? How does knowledge about personality help us? 1 In general, when psychologists talk about personality, they are usually looking for things that make a person different from others or things that can explain how a person is not the same as others. Psychologists often use tests to put people in categories and compare them to explain what personality is. For example, people who are quiet and like to spend more time at home reading and doing their own things are called introverts (性格内向的人). Others who enjoy going out and spending time with other people are called extroverts. 2 Are you an introvert or extrovert? Second, how can knowledge of personality help us? Well, one of the ways is that by knowing how people behave and why they behave in a certain way, we can understand them better. 3 For example, if we know that someone is an introvert, we will understand why he or she does not feel comfortable when he or she is with a big group of newly met people. 4 Another way knowledge of personality can help us is when we want to improve ourselves. If we know what personality type we belong to and the reasons why we behave the way we do, we can then try to change some of the bad things so that they can become good. 5 A．Do you know which personality type you are? B．Personality types affect our life in many ways. C．Does personality make you different from others? D．In this way, we can make ourselves a better person. E．First of all, let us take a look at what personality means. F．This will help to make our relationship with them stronger. G．We may then help this person to make friends and talk to others. 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．F 4．G 5．D 【解析】文章首先解释了什么是人格，然后从理解他人和自我提升两个角度阐述了人格知识对我们生活的帮助。 1．根据空前的“What is personality? How does knowledge about personality help us?(什么是人格？了解人格的相关知识可以如何帮助我们？)”以及空后的“In general, when psychologists talked about personality, they are usually looking for things that make a person different from others or things that can explain how a person is not the same as others.(总的来说，当心理学家谈论人格时，他们通常在寻找让一个人不同于其他人的东西，或是能够解释一个人与其他人如何不一样的东西。)”可知，文章开头抛出两个核心问题，后文先解释人格定义，再介绍人格的作用。本空需要起到分层开篇、引出第一个话题的作用。E选项“First of all, let us take a look at what personality means (首先，让我们来看一下人格的含义)”用First of all对应文章两大设问，率先开启对人格定义的讲解，承接首段问句，总领下文内容，逻辑清晰，符合语境。 2．根据空前的“For example, people who are quiet and like to spend more time at home reading and doing their own things are called introverts (性格内向的人). Others who enjoy going out and spend time with other people are called extroverts.(例如，安静、喜欢花更多时间在家阅读、做自己事情的人被称作内向者。喜欢外出、和他人相处的另一类人被称作外向者。)” 以及空后的“Are you an introverts or extroverts?(你是内向者还是外向者？)”可知，前文完整介绍了内向、外向两种人格类型，后文直接对读者进行提问，空处需要一句过渡问句，承接人格分类内容，自然衔接文末提问。A选项“Do you know which personality type you are? (你知道自己属于哪一种人格类型吗)”承接上文两种人格的介绍，递进式提问，为后文进一步设问铺垫，衔接自然，符合语境。 3．根据空前的“Second, how can knowledge of personality help us?Well, one of the ways is that by knowing how people behave and why they behave in a certain way, we can understand them better.(其次，了解人格的知识会如何帮助我们呢？嗯，其中一种方式就是，通过了解人们如何行事以及他们为何以某种方式行事，我们能够更好地理解他们。)”可知，前文点明了解人格可以帮助我们更好理解他人，空处需要承接该观点，说明理解他人带来的具体益处。F选项“This will help to make our relationship with them stronger (这将有助于巩固我们与他人之间的关系)”中的This指代前文“了解人格、理解他人行为”的做法，承接上文观点，点明其对人际关系的积极作用，同时引出下文举例论证，符合语境。 4．根据空前的“For example, if we know that someone is an introvert, we will understand why he or she does not feel comfortable when he or she is with a big group of newly met people.(例如，如果我们知道某人是内向者，我们就会明白为什么他 / 她和一大群刚认识的人待在一起时会感到不自在。)”可知，本句以内向者为例，说明了解人格可以读懂他人的情绪与处境，空处需要延续该逻辑，说明读懂他人之后的具体做法与善意行为。G选项“We may then help this person to make friends and talk to others (我们可以进而帮助这个人交朋友、与人沟通交流)”承接前文案例，延伸出理解他人性格后的实际行动，贴合本段“了解人格助力人际交往”的主旨，符合语境。 5．根据空前的“If we know what personality type we belong to and the reasons why we behave the way we do, we can then try to change some of the bad things so that they can become good.(如果我们清楚自己属于哪种人格类型，并且明白我们之所以会这样行事的原因，我们就能尝试改变一些不好的方面，让它们向好转变。)”可知，前文介绍了解自我人格、改正缺点的具体做法，空处需要总结该做法带来的最终意义。D选项“In this way, we can make ourselves a better person (通过这种方式，我们可以成为更好的人)”中的In this way指代前文认知自我、改正缺点、完善自我的行为，总结本段“了解人格实现自我提升”的核心主旨，收束段落，符合语境。 2.（2026·湖北十堰市郧阳中学最后一次模拟）Which is more beneficial to English learning, paper or electronic dictionaries? 1 Instead of taking sides blindly, learners should apply them properly based on different learning stages and practical needs. Paper dictionaries feature exploratory learning. When turning pages, you will unavoidably encounter new words, phrases and typical sentences. 2 They also help deepen memory, as paper layout and physical use strengthen long-term word recall. Besides, they offer complete collocation and style information without digital distractions. 3 They allow instant word lookup without breaking your reading train of thought. Most are equipped with audio pronunciation, personalized word lists and spaced repetition systems to facilitate efficient vocabulary review. Top-grade ones are even connected to massive language corpora (语料库), revealing how certain words are employed in real-life contexts. Wise use of dictionaries lies in matching tools with learning tasks. For primary school students, paper dictionaries serve as a good helper to develop basic dictionary-searching skills. 4 Senior high school learners may rely mainly on electronic dictionaries for efficiency, while keeping a paper one at hand to check confusing word usages in depth. College students can combine both, with electronic tools for quick inquiry and paper ones for accurate writing. Some universal rules should be followed to make the most of dictionaries: try to guess word meanings before looking them up; turn to English explanations rather than Chinese versions; attach greater importance to example sentences than simple definitions. By sticking to these good habits, you can achieve a perfect balance between depth and efficiency. 5 All in all, dictionaries are merely learning tools. The ultimate goal is to cultivate independent thinking and the ability to use words flexibly in diverse contexts. A．But they have obvious drawbacks as well. B．Such a heated debate has persisted for years. C．Electronic dictionaries represent efficient learning. D．This unintended exposure boosts vocabulary expansion. E．Daily reading is the ideal occasion for us to consult dictionaries. F．Also, you’d better review newly learned words at regular intervals. G．Middle school students can use both fully for respective learning purposes. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．G 5．F 【解析】文章主要探讨纸质词典和电子词典哪种更利于英语学习，分析两种词典各自优势，并针对不同学段学生给出搭配使用建议，同时分享高效使用词典的通用准则。 1．根据前文“Which is more beneficial to English learning, paper or electronic dictionaries?(纸质词典和电子词典，哪一种对英语学习更有益？)”提出争议问题；空后一句“Instead of taking sides blindly, learners should apply them properly based on different learning stages and practical needs.(学习者不应盲目站队，而应根据不同学习阶段和实际需求合理使用二者。)”给出客观看待该问题的观点；故推知：空格处承接前文的争议问题，说明这场争论由来已久，起到过渡作用；选项B“Such a heated debate has persisted for years.(这场激烈的争论已经持续多年。)”契合上下文逻辑。 2．根据前文“When turning pages, you will unavoidably encounter new words, phrases and typical sentences.(翻页时，你会不可避免地遇到生词、短语和典型例句。)”讲述翻阅纸质词典会偶然接触各类语言素材；空后一句“They also help deepen memory, as paper layout and physical use strengthen long-term word recall.(它们还有助于加深记忆，纸质排版与翻阅的使用方式能强化单词的长期记忆。)”继续介绍纸质词典的好处；故推知：空格承接前文偶然遇见生词这一现象，说明该现象对扩充词汇的积极作用；选项D“This unintended exposure boosts vocabulary expansion.(这种无意的语言接触有助于扩充词汇量。)”逻辑通顺。 3．根据后文“They allow instant word lookup without breaking your reading train of thought. Most are equipped with audio pronunciation, personalized word lists and spaced repetition systems to facilitate efficient vocabulary review.(它们可以快速查词，不会打断阅读思路，大多配备标准发音、个性化单词本和间隔重复记忆系统，助力高效复习单词。)”整段围绕电子词典便捷、高效的特点展开；空格为本段段首句，需要总领全段核心；选项C“Electronic dictionaries represent efficient learning.(电子词典代表高效学习。)”精准概括本段内容。 4．根据前文“For primary school students, paper dictionaries serve as a good helper to develop basic dictionary-searching skills.(对于小学生来说，纸质词典是培养基础查词能力的好工具。)”介绍小学生的词典使用方案；空后一句“Senior high school learners may rely mainly on electronic dictionaries for efficiency, while keeping a paper one at hand to check confusing word usages in depth.(高中生可以主要依靠电子词典提升效率，同时常备纸质词典深入辨析易混淆词汇用法。)”介绍高中生的使用方式；故推知：空格处补充处于小学、高中中间阶段的中学生的词典使用方案；选项G“Middle school students can use both fully for respective learning purposes.(中学生可充分结合两种词典，满足各自不同的学习需求。)”衔接前后学段内容。 5．根据前文“Some universal rules should be followed to make the most of dictionaries: try to guess word meanings before looking them up; turn to English explanations rather than Chinese versions; attach greater importance to example sentences than simple definitions.(想要充分利用词典，需要遵守几条通用准则：查词前先猜测词义；优先看英文释义而非中文释义；重视例句而非简单释义。)”列举了三条使用词典的通用规则；空格承接前文，补充另一条实用学习规则；选项F“Also, you’d better review newly learned words at regular intervals.(此外，你最好定期复习新学的单词。)”贴合本段介绍学习准则的语境。 3.（2026·山东省泰安市肥城市高考适应性训练英语试题（三））“They’re all at that party without me… I’ve got such bad FOMO.” The fear of missing out (FOMO) is what you might feel when you aren’t present when something exciting or enjoyable is happening. 1 Many find themselves comparing their lives to others’, forgetting that social media is often a smokescreen where we only see people’s best moments and a perfect false look. 2 According to Svend Brinkmann, author of The Joy of Missing Out (JOMO), the difference between the two mindsets is that: where FOMO traps us in anxiety about things outside of the present moment, JOMO brings us back to the here and now, encouraging us to enjoy offline lives with people we truly care about. Accepting JOMO means switching off outside noise and focusing on what really brings us happiness. 3 Tanya Dalton, in her book Live More by Doing Less, suggests making a list of activities that bring you joy and displaying them somewhere obvious to remind you to include them in your day. Kristen Fuller, a mental health writer, says it’s about being intentional with your time, 4 It also means practising saying “no” to people if you feel like their request will have a negative impact on you. An article by Ana Jorge looked into the experiences of people who purposefully disconnect from social media. Some of them felt they were living more mindfully. 5 About JOMO, one participant said, “I don’t have to be everywhere, I don’t have to be with everyone and I don’t have to know everything.” Perhaps it’s time to unplug and try living life in the slow pace. A．So, how can we stop FOMO from happening? B．This anxiety is common in the age of social media. C．Why is FOMO considered harmful to our mental health? D．This involves scheduling activities which are important to you. E．This includes comparing your schedule with your friends’ regularly. F．The disconnection allowed them to be more creative and productive. G．As a solution to this pressure, the joy of missing out becomes popular. 【答案】1．B 2．G 3．A 4．D 5．F 【解析】介绍错失恐惧症FOMO的成因，引出享受独处JOMO理念，并给出摆脱FOMO的可行办法。 1．根据前文“The fear of missing out (FOMO) is what you might feel when you aren’t present when something exciting or enjoyable is happening.(错失恐惧症（FOMO）指某件令人兴奋愉快的事发生时你不在场所产生的感受。)”以及后文“Many find themselves comparing their lives to others’, forgetting that social media is often a smokescreen where we only see people’s best moments and a perfect false look.(很多人拿自己的生活和别人对比，忘了社交媒体只是一层假象，我们看到的都是别人最好的一面和虚假的完美形象。)”可知，社交媒体催生了这种焦虑情绪。B选项“This anxiety is common in the age of social media.(这种焦虑在社交媒体时代十分普遍)”中的This anxiety指代前文FOMO带来的不安，衔接后文社交媒体带来的攀比问题，符合语境。 2．根据后文“According to Svend Brinkmann, author of The Joy of Missing Out (JOMO), the difference between the two mindsets is that: where FOMO traps us in anxiety about things outside of the present moment, JOMO brings us back to the here and now…(依据《错失的快乐》（JOMO）一书作者斯文德・布林克曼的观点，这两种心态的区别在于：错失恐惧（FOMO）会让我们陷入对当下时刻之外种种事物的焦虑之中，而错失喜悦（JOMO）则将我们拉回此时此刻……)”可知，本段开始介绍JOMO作为解决办法。G选项“As a solution to this pressure, the joy of missing out becomes popular.(作为这种压力的解决方式，享受错失开始流行起来)”承上启下，引出JOMO概念，符合语境。 3．根据前文“Accepting JOMO means switching off outside noise and focusing on what really brings us happiness.(接纳JOMO意味着屏蔽外界杂音，专注能真正给自己带来幸福的事物。)”以及后文多位作者给出具体可行的实操建议可知，此处抛出问题，询问具体解决办法。A选项“So, how can we stop FOMO from happening?(那么我们该如何杜绝错失恐惧症？)”设问引出下文多条具体对策，符合语境。 4．根据前文“Kristen Fuller, a mental health writer, says it’s about being intentional with your time,(心理健康作家克里斯汀·富勒表示，这要求有意识地规划自己的时间)”以及后文“It also means practising saying “no” to people if you feel like their request will have a negative impact on you.(这也意味着，如果别人的请求会对你产生负面影响，要学会拒绝。)”中的also表递进，D选项“This involves scheduling activities which are important to you.(这就需要为对你重要的事情规划好时间)”具体解释有意识规划时间的做法，衔接后文另一层做法，符合语境。 5．根据前文“Some of them felt they were living more mindfully.(其中一部分人觉得自己的生活变得更专注了。)”可知，空格继续阐述断开社交媒体后的积极改变。F选项“The disconnection allowed them to be more creative and productive.(脱离网络让他们变得更有创造力、做事效率更高)”中的The disconnection对应前文disconnect from social media，并列说明脱离社交平台的好处，符合语境。 4.考查段尾句 1.（2026·山西金科大联考）“Most of our students are functionally illiterate. 1 ” That line, from a college professor quoted by writer Derek Thompson in his essay, The End of Thinking, sounds exaggerated (夸张) until you look at the trends. North American educators say students struggle to follow long written arguments. Many can decode words, but not sustain attention. 2 Studies on how people spend their time show that reading for fun has dropped sharply, especially among the young. They are not unable to read — they write texts, scroll through posts, and communicate online all the time. 3 Mr. Thompson calls this a “thinning of thought.” He means that slowly, we are losing our ability to think about complex ideas, examine evidence, and accept uncertainty. Neuroscience (神经科学) backs up what many humanists have felt. Reading does not simply fill the mind. 4 In a major imaging study, French brain scientist Stanislas Dehaene and his team compared three groups of adults: those who learned to read as children, those who learned later in life, and those who never learned to read. They found that reading reorganizes the brain’s connections. It strengthens links between the brain’s visual and language areas. It also improves hearing skills, and makes people more aware of speech sounds. 5 Picking up a book is no longer just a personal activity. In a world full of distractions, it is an act we do for our communities and our minds. Every time we sit with a book — patient, focused, following an idea or a story — we are rebuilding the brain paths of reason and understanding that our society depends on. A．It reshapes it. B．This is not a joke. C．At the same time, people are reading less. D．But they are losing the habit of reading deeply. E．This study was one of the largest of its kind ever done in America. F．The act of reading brings sight and language together for understanding. G．Many students now prefer watching videos to reading books in their free time. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．F 【解析】文章通过大学教授的引言引出当下学生阅读能力下降、思维“稀薄化”的问题，并从神经科学角度阐述了阅读对重塑大脑连接、提升认知能力的重要作用，最后呼吁人们重拾深度阅读。 1．空格前“Most of our students are functionally illiterate.(我们大多数学生是功能性文盲。)”提出了一个看起来夸张的观点。B选项“This is not a joke.(这不是开玩笑。)”中的“This”指代前文“大多数学生是功能性文盲”的观点，既承接了前文的夸张表述，又通过“not a joke”强调了观点的严肃性，为后文“学生难以理解长篇书面论述、无法持续关注”的具体现象做了铺垫，逻辑衔接自然。 2．空格后“Studies on how people spend their time show that reading for fun has dropped sharply, especially among the young.(关于人们如何支配时间的研究表明，为乐趣而阅读的人数急剧下降，尤其是在年轻人中。)”提到了为乐趣阅读的人数下降。C选项“At the same time, people are reading less.(与此同时，人们的阅读量越来越少。)”中的“At the same time”承接前文“学生难以理解长篇论述”的现象，进一步补充了“阅读次数减少”的普遍趋势，与后文“为乐趣阅读人数下降”形成并列，共同说明了阅读现状的恶化，逻辑连贯。 3．空格前“They are not unable to read — they write texts, scroll through posts, and communicate online all the time.(他们不是不会阅读——他们一直在发短信、刷帖子和在线交流。)”提到人们一直在进行碎片化阅读。D选项“But they are losing the habit of reading deeply.(但他们正在失去深度阅读的习惯。)”中的“But”承接前文“一直在阅读”的表面现象，通过转折引出“失去深度阅读习惯”的核心问题，与后文“thinning of thought(思想稀薄化)”的观点形成呼应，逻辑递进清晰。 4．空格前“Reading does not simply fill the mind.(阅读不仅仅是填充头脑。)”提出了阅读的第一个作用——填充头脑。A选项“It reshapes it.(它重塑头脑。)”中的“It”指代前文的“Reading”，“reshapes it”承接前文“not simply fill the mind”，进一步强调了阅读的深层作用——重塑头脑，与后文“阅读重组大脑连接”的神经科学研究结果完全呼应，逻辑衔接紧密。 5．空格前“They found that reading reorganizes the brain’s connections. It strengthens links between the brain’s visual and language areas. It also improves hearing skills, and makes people more aware of speech sounds.(他们发现阅读重组大脑的连接。它加强了大脑视觉和语言区域之间的联系。它还提高听力技能，使人们更清楚地意识到语音。)”提到阅读对大脑的多种积极影响。F选项“The act of reading brings sight and language together for understanding.(阅读的行为将视觉和语言结合在一起以促进理解。)”是对前文“加强视觉和语言区域联系”的总结升华，既承接了前文的神经科学研究结果，又引出后文“阅读是为社区和思想而做的行为”的观点，逻辑收尾完美。 2.（2026·浙江宁波市镇海中学高三模拟预测10） Feeling Good Builds Self-Control, Not the Other Way Around Self-control is commonly regarded as a precondition for happiness, which explains why we repeatedly make New Year’s resolutions in the hope of improving our lives. But new research challenges this assumption. 1 Researchers carried out a series of controlled experiments to investigate the real relationship between mood and self-control. One group was arranged to complete stressful, difficult tasks to get into a bad emotional state. The other group was asked to finish simple and relaxing tasks to keep a peaceful and positive emotional state for twenty minutes. 2 It is revealed that participants in a positive emotional state scored significantly higher on the self-control measures. 3 In contrast, those in a negative emotional state performed considerably worse. They lost patience easily, gave up halfway, and favored short-term enjoyment without careful deliberation. 4 Positive emotions, therefore, do not lead to laziness or lack of discipline. Rather, they act as steady fuel that sustains self-control over time. These findings suggest a practical shift in how we approach self-discipline. Rather than blaming ourselves or increasing internal pressure when self-control fails, we should prioritize our emotional well-being. 5 In other words, a relaxed, positive mental state, serves as the true foundation for lasting self-regulation and improved self-management. A．Self-control brings happiness. B．Feeling good may instead build self-control. C．This makes it, easier to stick to long-term goals. D．The participants were then given a five-minute rest. E．After that, all the participants took the same self-control test. F．They made more rational long-term choices and rarely yielded to instant pleasure. G．These findings challenge the common belief that negative emotions enhance self-control. 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．F 4．G 5．C 【解析】文章主要介绍新的研究发现感觉良好有助于建立自控力，而非人们通常认为的自控力带来幸福，积极的情绪状态才是持久自我调节和改善自我管理的真正基础。 1．根据空前“Self-control is commonly regarded as a precondition for happiness, which explains why we repeatedly make New Year’s resolutions in the hope of improving our lives. But new research challenges this assumption.(自控力通常被视为幸福的前提，这解释了为什么我们反复制定新年决心，希望改善生活。但新的研究挑战了这一假设。)”可知，空前提到“自我控制通常被视为幸福的前提”，紧接着用“But”转折，指出新研究挑战这一假设，故B项“感觉良好反而可能建立自控力”给出与旧观点相反的新观点，说明感觉好会建立自控力，而不是自控带来幸福。 2．根据空前“Researchers carried out a series of controlled experiments to investigate the real relationship between mood and self-control. One group was arranged to complete stressful, difficult tasks to get into a bad emotional state. The other group was asked to finish simple and relaxing tasks to keep a peaceful and positive emotional state for twenty minutes.(研究人员进行了一系列对照实验，以探究情绪与自控力之间的真实关系。一组被安排完成压力大、困难的任务，以进入不良情绪状态。另一组被要求完成简单、放松的任务，以保持平和积极的情绪状态二十分钟。)”可知，空前叙述研究者将参与者分成两组，一组做困难任务产生负面情绪，另一组做轻松任务保持积极情绪20分钟，而下一段陈述测试结果，故此处E项“之后，所有参加者进行相同的自我控制测试”符合，继续介绍实验的过程，引出下文测试结果。 3．根据空前“It is revealed that participants in a positive emotional state scored significantly higher on the self-control measures.(结果显示，处于积极情绪状态的参与者在自控力测量中得分显著更高。)”和空后“In contrast, those in a negative emotional state performed considerably worse.(相比之下，处于消极情绪状态的参与者表现差得多。)”可知，空前说处于积极情绪状态的参与者在自我控制测试中得分显著更高，空后则用“In contrast”转述消极情绪组表现更差的具体表现，故F项“他们做出更理性的长期选择，很少屈服于即时快乐”符合，具体说明积极情绪组在测试中的良好自控行为，正是积极情绪组自我控制良好的表现。 4．根据空前“In contrast, those in a negative emotional state performed considerably worse. They lost patience easily, gave up halfway, and favored short-term enjoyment without careful deliberation.(相比之下，处于消极情绪状态的参与者表现差得多。他们容易失去耐心，半途而废，偏好未经深思熟虑的短期享受。)”和空后“Positive emotions, therefore, do not lead to laziness or lack of discipline. Rather, they act as steady fuel that sustains self-control over time.(因此，积极情绪并不会导致懒惰或缺乏纪律。相反，它们像稳定的燃料一样，长期维持自控力。)”可知，空前阐述了消极情绪组自控表现差，之后空后说“因此，积极情绪并不会导致懒惰或缺乏自律”，该结论实则回应了对“感觉良好”的误解。故G项“这些发现挑战了负面情绪能增强自控的普遍看法”符合，既总结了消极情绪组表现差所说明的问题，又为下文正面论述积极情绪的作用做了铺垫，前后逻辑顺畅。 5．根据空前“Rather than blaming ourselves or increasing internal pressure when self-control fails, we should prioritize our emotional well-being.(当自控力失效时，我们不应责备自己或增加内心压力，而应优先考虑情绪健康。)”和空后“In other words, a relaxed, positive mental state, serves as the true foundation for lasting self-regulation and improved self-management.(换句话说，放松、积极的心理状态是持久自我调节和改善自我管理的真正基础。)”可知，空前提出当自控失败时，不应自我责备，而应优先关注情绪健康，且空后重申放松、积极的心态是长久自控的基础，故C项“这使得坚持长期目标变得更加容易。”符合，说明优先关注情绪健康带来的积极结果，表明这样做能使坚持长期目标变得更容易。 3.（2026·山东省东高三考前模拟）When your social media is filled with images that make you doubt your looks, thoughts or abilities, try to look further and realize beauty lies in differences. Here are some useful ways to ease social media pressure. Never compare your popularity with others. No matter how many followers, comments or likes you have, if you get trapped in a competitive mindset, it can turn into an endless cycle. After all, there will always be someone who has gained more positive responses. 1 Fill your feed with positive content. Give your time and attention to people doing inspiring things, spreading uplifting messages and sharing unique and beautiful ideas. 2 If someone’s posts make you feel bad about yourself, click unfollow or hide. Seek valuable inspiration actively. Search for topics you’re passionate about or areas where you’d like to find out more as this can lead you to people outside the world of celebrities and influencers. 3 Armed with certain information, talk further to your guardians, teachers or older relatives and see how you can put the information you discover into practice. See through perfect online images. Although we know that many celebrities and influencers edit their photos before posting, we still cannot help but feel anxious when looking at their flawless pictures. 4 Observe the lines on a grandparent’s face. They’re all intriguing (迷人的) and beautiful. 5 Make your social media channels a reflection of who you are and what you believe in. Share your real, kind voice with the rest of the world, just as you do at home and with friends. You might just inspire others to do the same. A．And don’t stop there. B．Be selective when following others. C．You don’t need to prove anything to anyone. D．Show your true self no matter what others do. E．Pause and step away, even if it’s only for a short time. F．It’s unavoidable to compare ourselves with others on social media. G．This is the moment to lift your eyes and see the real world around you. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．G 5．D 【解析】文章主要介绍缓解社交媒体压力的方法，倡导关注真实自我与多元审美。 1．上文“After all, there will always be someone who has gained more positive responses.(毕竟，总会有人获得更多积极的回应)”说明比较是无止境的。空处应承接上文，说明不必与他人攀比。选项C“You don’t need to prove anything to anyone.(你不需要向任何人证明任何事)”承接上文，劝慰读者放下攀比，契合段落主旨。 2．上文“Give your time and attention to people doing inspiring things, spreading uplifting messages and sharing unique and beautiful ideas.(把你的时间和注意力放在那些做着鼓舞人心的事、传播积极向上的信息、分享独特美好想法的人身上)”说明要关注积极内容。空后“If someone’s posts make you feel bad about yourself, click unfollow or hide.(如果某人的帖子让你对自己感觉不好，点击取消关注或隐藏)”说明要对关注对象进行筛选。空处应承上启下，说明关注他人要有选择性。选项B“Be selective when following others.(关注他人时要有所选择)”符合语境。 3．上文“Search for topics you’re passionate about or areas where you’d like to find out more as this can lead you to people outside the world of celebrities and influencers.(搜索你热衷的话题或你想了解更多知识的领域，这能引领你去认识那些明星和网红圈子之外的人)”建议主动寻找有价值的信息。空后“Armed with certain information, talk further to your guardians, teachers or older relatives and see how you can put the information you discover into practice.(掌握了一定的信息后，进一步与你的监护人、老师或长辈交谈，看看如何将你发现的信息付诸实践)”说明不能止步于搜索信息。空处应承上启下，说明在搜索之后还要进一步行动。选项A“And don’t stop there.(而且不要止步于此)”符合语境。 4．上文“Although we know that many celebrities and influencers edit their photos before posting, we still cannot help but feel anxious when looking at their flawless pictures.(虽然我们知道许多名人和网红在发照片前会修图，但看着他们毫无瑕疵的照片时，我们还是忍不住感到焦虑)”描述了面对完美网图时的焦虑。空后“Observe the lines on a grandparent’s face. They’re all intriguing (迷人的) and beautiful.(观察祖父母脸上的皱纹。它们都是迷人且美丽的)”呼吁关注现实生活中的美。空处应承上启下，引导视线转向现实世界。选项G“This is the moment to lift your eyes and see the real world around you.(此刻，抬起头来看看身边的现实世界吧)”符合语境。 5．空处为段落主题句，下文“Make your social media channels a reflection of who you are and what you believe in.(让你的社交媒体频道成为你自身以及你所信仰之事的映射)”及“Share your real, kind voice with the rest of the world, just as you do at home and with friends.(像在家和与朋友相处时一样，向全世界分享你真实而温暖的声音)”均强调展示真实的自我。选项D“Show your true self no matter what others do.(无论他人做什么，都要展现真实的自己)”概括了本段主旨，符合语境。 5.综合考查7选5技巧 1.（2026·吉林省延边州教学质量检测） The Art of the Restart: How to Focus on What You Have We’ve all had moments when life slams the brakes. Maybe it was an unexpected loss of a loved one, a professional setback, or the heavy realization that you made a genuine mistake. We hit a wall, and suddenly, the vibrant journey of life feels like stopping in a grey, endless station where we wait for the light to return. 1 We often mentally “beat up” on ourselves far worse than any outside critic ever could. The first and most important act of self-restart, is dropping the invisible backpack of guilt. That backpack gets heavier with every passing day. Forgive yourself. 2 You can’t control what has happened, but you can control what you carry forward. Once you’ve cleared the slate, it’s time to focus on your abundance, not what you lack. It’s easy to look around and feel like you’re missing the key ingredients for happiness. But a fundamental truth of joy is that it comes from what you focus on right now. 3 Your life is not defined by its gaps; it’s defined by the magnificent structure you’ve already built. 4 When we’re hurting, isolation can feel safe. But good healing is rarely a solo project. This means finding your confidant (知己): share your burden with a compassionate person who will listen without judgment. Being seen and heard is a powerful form of healing. If “re-starting” still feels overwhelming, try the mood magic of movement. 5 Find a movement you actually enjoy — a brisk hike in nature, gliding on a bike. The goal isn’t punishing yourself; it’s finding joy in motion. Let the combined power of fresh air and physical activity work their silent magic on your whole being. Treat yourself like a good friend. Choose to be grateful for the gift of the human experience. Give yourself permission to be a messy, learning, flawed human being. A．Learn the lesson, and let the guilt go. B．Bring some new beauty into the world. C．Don’t measure your life by what’s missing. D．Exercise is the key to unlocking the best mood. E．After reframing your focus, reach out and connect. F．Allow yourself time to process these feelings alone. G．But the truth is, the most courageous thing is choosing to re-start. 【答案】1．G 2．A 3．C 4．E 5．D 【解析】文章介绍遭遇人生困境后如何重新出发，建议放下愧疚、珍惜拥有、主动交友、坚持运动，与自己温柔相处。 1．由上文“We hit a wall, and suddenly, the vibrant journey of life feels like stopping in a grey, endless station where we wait for the light to return.(我们陷入困境，鲜活的人生旅途仿佛停在了灰暗无尽的驿站，只能等待曙光重现。)”可知，前文描述人生遭遇挫折陷入低谷，空格处转折引出重新出发的观点。G项“But the truth is, the most courageous thing is choosing to re-start.(但事实上，选择重新开始才是最勇敢的举动。)”符合语境，承上启下。 2．由上文“Forgive yourself.(原谅你自己。)”以及下文“You can’t control what has happened, but you can control what you carry forward.(你无法改变过往，但可以决定带着什么继续前行。)” 可知，空格处承接原谅自己，说明要放下愧疚。A项“Learn the lesson, and let the guilt go.(吸取教训，放下愧疚。)”符合语境，有承上作用。 3．由下文“Your life is not defined by its gaps; it’s defined by the magnificent structure you’ve already built.(人生的价值不在于缺憾，而在于你已经创造的美好一切。)”可知，空格处点明不要纠结于所缺失的事物。C项“Don’t measure your life by what’s missing.(不要用缺失的东西来评判自己的人生。)”符合语境，总领下文内容。 4．由下文“When we’re hurting, isolation can feel safe. But good healing is rarely a solo project.(身处痛苦时，独处看似安稳，但治愈往往离不开他人。)”可知，本段建议主动与人沟通联结。E项“After reframing your focus, reach out and connect.(调整心态之后，主动与人交往沟通。)”符合语境，承上启下。 5．由上文“If “re-starting” still feels overwhelming, try the mood magic of movement.(如果重新开始依旧让你倍感压力，不妨试试运动带来的情绪治愈力量。)”可知，空格应处承接上文，说明运动对改善情绪的作用。D项“Exercise is the key to unlocking the best mood.(运动是解锁好心情的关键。)”符合语境，有承上作用。 2.（2026届山东省东平高级中学模拟冲刺卷（二））A good leader needs to know how to connect with the people around and see their team’s full potential and encourages personal growth. Leaders are able to motivate, drive, and empower their team to reach success. 1 Lead by example. One of the most effective ways to inspire people is to set a good example. People are always looking for role models to follow. 2 You can inspire others by displaying the qualities of a great leader. This means conducting yourself in a kind, moral, and driven way. Show that you care. Strong leadership is only possible when mutual respect exists. 3 Leaders will need to prove they care about their employees’ well-being before true respect and inspiration can take place. You can show your care for others by putting their needs above your own and providing them with opportunities for growth. Having emotional intelligence is a big part of effective leadership. Don’t punish failure. Failure should be met with encouragement, not punishment. Failure isn’t fun, but it is an opportunity to learn, reflect and regroup. 4 A leader who doesn’t recognize failure as an opportunity for growth won’t inspire the people around them. Good leaders support others in both success and failure. 5 It is hard not to like somebody who pays attention to your achievements in life. Leaders who show their appreciation in the form of praise will naturally attract and inspire those around them. Employees deserve to feel as though their efforts are being acknowledged by superiors. It helps boost productivity levels and confidence in themselves. A．Express your appreciation. B．But respect is earned, not given. C．With enough practice, that could be you. D．Have ambition and inspire others to do the same. E．Even a small expression of kindness can make somebody’s day. F．Embracing failure can help you pick yourself up after a setback. G．Here are some strategies for leaders to inspire others in the workplace. 【答案】1．G 2．C 3．B 4．F 5．A 【解析】文章主要介绍了优秀领导者的素养，并详细讲解了职场中领导者激励下属的几种方法。 1．上文“A good leader needs to know how to connect with the people around and see their team’s full potential and encourages personal growth. Leaders are able to motivate, drive, and empower their team to reach success.(优秀的领导者要懂得与身边人沟通，发掘团队的全部潜力，并鼓励成员实现自我成长。领导者能够激励、带动团队，赋能团队走向成功)”介绍了优秀领导者具备的能力以及发挥的作用，下文介绍了领导者激励下属的几种方法。G选项“Here are some strategies for leaders to inspire others in the workplace.(以下是职场中领导者激励他人的一些方法)”起到承上启下的作用，引出下文各项具体方法，上下文衔接自然。 2．上文“People are always looking for role models to follow.(人们总在寻找可以效仿的榜样)”点明人们都会追寻榜样，C选项 “With enough practice, that could be you(多加练习，你也可以成为这样的榜样)”承接上文内容，顺势过渡到后文如何展现领导者品质、成为榜样。 3．上文“Strong leadership is only possible when mutual respect exists.(只有相互尊重，才能实现强有力的领导)”提出相互尊重对领导力的重要性，B选项“But respect is earned, not given.(但尊重是赢得的，而非凭空得到的)”与上文形成转折关系，进而引出下文“Leaders will need to prove they care about their employees’ well-being before true respect and inspiration can take place. You can show your care for others by putting their needs above your own and providing them with opportunities for growth. Having emotional intelligence is a big part of effective leadership.(领导者需要先证明自己关心员工的福祉，才能赢得真正的尊重并起到激励作用。你可以把他人的需求放在首位、为他们提供成长机会，以此表达关怀。拥有情商是高效领导力的重要组成部分)”领导者如何收获他人的尊重，前后语意连贯。 4．上文“Failure isn’t fun, but it is an opportunity to learn, reflect and regroup.(失败并不美好，但它是学习、反思和重新振作的机会)”阐述了失败的积极价值，F选项“Embracing failure can help you pick yourself up after a setback.(接纳失败能帮你在挫折后重新振作)”进一步补充说明正视失败的意义，和下文“A leader who doesn’t recognize failure as an opportunity for growth won’t inspire the people around them. (不把失败看作成长契机的领导不能激励他周围的人)”将失败视作成长契机的观点相呼应。 5．设空处为段落小标题，需要概括整段内容。下文“It is hard not to like somebody who pays attention to your achievements in life. Leaders who show their appreciation in the form of praise will naturally attract and inspire those around them. Employees deserve to feel as though their efforts are being acknowledged by superiors. It helps boost productivity levels and confidence in themselves.(对于那些留意你人生点滴成就的人，你很难不对其心生好感。懂得用赞美表达赏识的领导者，自然而然能吸引并鼓舞身边的人。员工理应感受到自己的付出得到了上级的认可，这既有助于提升工作效率，也能增强个人自信心)”围绕肯定他人成就、用表扬表达认可展开叙述，A选项“Express your appreciation.(表达你的赞赏)”概括本段主旨，符合小标题格式。 3.（2026届山东省实验中学高考考前模拟测试）Our planet is facing never-seen-before environmental challenges, from rising temperatures to plastic-choked oceans and disappearing forests. 1 However, the truth is that every individual action adds up to make a real difference. Environmental protection is not just a government or corporate duty, but a daily choice for all of us. Consider plastic waste, one of the most pressing problems today. Single-use plastics take hundreds of years to decompose, harming marine life and polluting soil. 2 Simple swaps, like using reusable water bottles, cloth bags, and metal straws, can dramatically cut down our plastic footprint. 3 In many countries, up to 40 percent of food ends up in landfills, releasing harmful methane (甲烷) gas as it rots. Planning meals, storing leftovers properly, and donating excess food are easy ways to fight this issue. Energy conservation is another critical area. Small daily decisions can have a long-term impact on the health of our planet. Switching to LED bulbs, turning off lights and appliances when they are not in use, and choosing public transport, cycling, or walking over driving all reduce carbon emissions. Even planting a small tree helps — trees absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen, improving air quality and supporting biodiversity. Community action boosts individual efforts. 4 Joining local clean-up drives, supporting eco-friendly businesses, and educating friends and family about sustainable habits create a ripple effect. When we work together, our small steps turn into a powerful force for change. We only have one Earth. 5 By making conscious choices every day, we can ensure a healthy, livable planet for ourselves and future generations. The time to act is now — not tomorrow, not next week, but in this very moment. A．Protecting it is not an option but a necessity. B．Food waste is also a major contributor to environmental damage. C．It’s easy to feel powerless facing such huge environmental problems. D．We can also choose to buy products with less packaging to reduce waste. E．Working together in our community can multiply the positive effects of our actions. F．There are plenty of small changes we can make in our daily lives to reduce plastic use. G．Therefore, it is crucial for every individual to reflect on their daily consumption habits. 【答案】1．C 2．F 3．B 4．E 5．A 【解析】文章介绍了一些日常可行的环保做法。 1．根据下文“However, the truth is that every individual action adds up to make a real difference.(但事实是，每个人的点滴行动汇聚起来，就能带来切实的改变。)”可知， However表转折，空处和下文“个体有用”构成反义逻辑，C项“面对如此严峻的环境难题，人们很容易产生无能为力的感觉。”指出“觉得无力”正好和下文转折呼应。 2．下文“Simple swaps, like using reusable water bottles, cloth bags, and metal straws, can dramatically cut down our plastic footprint.(小小替换，例如改用可重复使用的水杯、布袋与金属吸管，就能大幅减少个人产生的塑料废弃物。)”罗列具体日常减少塑料的方法，F项“我们可以在日常生活中做出很多小改变来减少塑料使用。”总起下文，引出各类减少塑料的小动作。 3．空处为段落主题句。根据下文“In many countries, up to 40 percent of food ends up in landfills, releasing harmful methane (甲烷) gas as it rots.(在许多国家，多达四成的食物最终被送入垃圾填埋场，腐烂过程中会释放出有害的甲烷气体。)”可知，整段围绕食物浪费展开，B项“食物浪费也是破坏环境的一大元凶。” 引出本段主题词food waste，总领全段。 4．根据上文“Community action boosts individual efforts.(社区行动能让个人环保努力事半功倍。)”和下文“Joining local clean-up drives, supporting eco-friendly businesses, and educating friends and family about sustainable habits create a ripple effect.(参与本地垃圾清理活动、扶持环保型商家，向亲友普及可持续生活理念，会产生连锁辐射效应。)”可知，本段中心词为 community，E项“在社区协同行动可以放大我们行动的积极效果。”承接上文“社区促进个人努力”，点明社区协作能放大成效，衔接下文具体社区活动。 5．根据上文“We only have one Earth. (我们只有一个地球。)”和下文“By making conscious choices every day, we can ensure a healthy, livable planet for ourselves and future generations.(通过每天做出理性自觉的选择，我们就能为自身以及子孙后代守护一个健康、宜居的地球。)”可知，上文提出仅有一个地球，下文指出要坚持日常环保、守护地球。A项“保护地球不是一种选择，而是一件必需要做的事。”符合语境。 重难·创新演练 设题创新: 精神过载(T1) 食物对人体健康的影响(T2); 社交媒体算法的运作方式及其负面影响(T3); 培养良好阅读习惯(T4)；失败的积极意义以及如何理智面对失利(T5) 阅读7选5说明文 Passage 1 【新情境·精神过载】（2026届浙江宁波市镇海中学高三英语模拟）In modern busy life, mental overwhelm has become common for many people. We often struggle with endless worries, messy thoughts and tiring to-do lists that leave us mentally exhausted. 1 Thankfully, here are some practical and evidence-based ways to ease our mental pressure and regain calmness in daily life. • Write about your problems. Writing down what makes you feel stressed is more helpful than you think. Research has shown that expressive writing can reduce troubling thoughts and improve your working memory. 2 Just let your words flow freely on the paper without self-criticism. Doing this every day can prevent messy thoughts from piling up and weighing you down. • 3 A recent study has found that people need nearly 23 minutes to fully regain focus after an unexpected disturbance. Frequent distractions will only leave you feeling anxious and inefficient. To solve this problem, you can identify common disturbances like social media updates and email notices. Set fixed periods to deal with them so that you can save your cognitive energy for key tasks. • Connect physically. Rather than keeping to yourself when feeling stressed, try to stay close to people who care about you. 4 Studies have made it clear that warm physical touch can lower stress levels and improve your overall sense of well-being. Even small gentle touches can create a strong feeling of comfort and calmness. • Learn to refuse politely. Overwhelm often comes from taking on too many unnecessary responsibilities. You can list things you plan to say “no” to, such as after-work emails or meaningless events. 5 Only in this way can you put them into what really matters and improve your mental health. A．Schedule interruptions. B．Manage time reasonably. C．This daily practice helps clear your mind effectively. D．Saying no to extra assignments improves your work efficiency. E．You can hug your family or hold hands with your close friends. F．Such a state can greatly impact our mood and daily performance. G．Learning to set proper boundaries saves your limited mental energies. 【答案】1．F 2．C 3．A 4．E 5．G 【解析】本文主要介绍了现代人普遍存在精神过载问题，并介绍书写、规划干扰、肢体接触、学会拒绝四种缓解心理压力的实用方法。 1．上文“In modern busy life, mental overwhelm has become common for many people. We often struggle with endless worries, messy thoughts and tiring to-do lists that leave us mentally exhausted. (在现代繁忙的生活中，精神压力对许多人来说已经司空见惯。我们经常与无尽的忧虑、混乱的想法和令人疲惫的待办事项清单作斗争，这些让我们精神疲惫。)”介绍了精神过载的现状，下文“Thankfully, here are some practical and evidence-based ways to ease our mental pressure and regain calmness in daily life. (好在有实用科学方法缓解精神压力、重获平静。)”引出解压办法。F选项“Such a state can greatly impact our mood and daily performance. (这种状态会严重影响情绪与日常状态。)”承接上文不良状态，铺垫下文解决措施，承上启下，符合语境。 2．上文“Research has shown that expressive writing can reduce troubling thoughts and improve your working memory. (研究表明倾诉式书写能减少杂念、提升工作记忆。)”说明书写解压的益处，下文“Just let your words flow freely on the paper without self-criticism. (让你的话在纸上自由流动，不必自我批评。)”介绍书写的做法。C选项“This daily practice helps clear your mind effectively. (这种日常练习能有效理清思绪。)”承接上文书写的好处，衔接下文书写方式，符合语境。 3．下文“A recent study has found that people need nearly 23 minutes to fully regain focus after an unexpected disturbance. Frequent distractions will only leave you feeling anxious and inefficient. To solve this problem, you can identify common disturbances like social media updates and email notices. Set fixed periods to deal with them so that you can save your cognitive energy for key tasks. (最近的一项研究发现，人们在遭遇意外干扰后需要近23分钟才能完全恢复注意力。频繁的分心只会让你感到焦虑和效率低下。为了解决这个问题，您可以识别社交媒体更新和电子邮件通知等常见干扰。设定固定的时间段来处理这些问题，这样你就可以为关键任务节省认知能量。)”介绍了需要规划并集中处理各类干扰。A选项“Schedule interruptions. (规划处理干扰的时间。)”精准概括本段主旨，适合作为小标题。 4．本段小标题为“Connect physically (肢体接触)”，上文“Rather than keeping to yourself when feeling stressed, try to stay close to people who care about you. (压力大时别独处，多亲近关心你的人。)”建议亲近他人，下文“Studies have made it clear that warm physical touch can lower stress levels and improve your overall sense of well-being. (温暖肢体接触可减压、提升幸福感。)”点明肢体接触的作用。E选项“You can hug your family or hold hands with your close friends. (拥抱家人、和好友牵手。)”举例具体肢体接触方式，衔接上下文，符合语境。 5．本段小标题为“Learn to refuse politely (委婉拒绝)”，上文“Overwhelm often comes from taking on too many unnecessary responsibilities. You can list things you plan to say “no” to, such as after-work emails or meaningless events. (过度劳累往往是因为承担了太多不必要的责任。你可以列出你打算说“不”的事情，比如下班后的电子邮件或无意义的事件。)”介绍了需要拒绝的原因，并列举拒绝的方式，下文“Only in this way can you put them into what really matters and improve your mental health. (唯有如此才能专注要事、改善精神状态。)”说明拒绝的好处。G选项“Learning to set proper boundaries saves your limited mental energies. (学会设立合理界限，节省有限心力。)”承接学会拒绝的做法，引出后文的积极作用，符合语境。 Passage 2 【新情境·食物对人体健康的影响】（2026·广东省高考适应性考试）Many people eat broccoli or drink red wine because they believe the antioxidants (抗氧化物) in them can remove harmful substances and slow down aging. However, recent research suggests a different idea. These foods are good for us not because they protect us, but because they challenge our bodies in small ways. 1 Plants cannot move to escape danger. As a result, they produce chemicals to defend themselves against insects, heat, and disease. The spiciness of chili, the bitterness of broccoli, and the dryness of wine are all part of this defense system. 2 When we consume them, our bodies detect these signals and strengthen their natural ability to cope with stress. Take broccoli as an example. It contains sulforaphane (萝卜硫素), which does not fight diseases directly. 3 In doing so, it helps us build stronger defenses and improve long-term health. A certain level of challenge can be good for our health. Modern farming makes food safer and more stable, but it also reduces the stress plants experience, leading to fewer protective chemicals and weaker signals for the human body. In contrast, the Mediterranean (地中海的) diet offers a different picture. It features foods like olives, nuts, and vegetables, which often grow in dry and difficult conditions. 4 When we eat them, we receive stronger signals that help our bodies respond and stay healthy. This may help explain why the Mediterranean diet is widely considered healthy and beneficial in the long run. 5 Rather than simply avoiding stress, our bodies benefit from manageable stresses that strengthen them and prepare them for future difficulties. A．However, this is easier said than done. B．Rather, it activates our built-in defense systems. C．This view offers a new way to understand healthy eating. D．For humans, these substances act as a mild form of stress. E．To survive, they produce more chemicals to protect themselves. F．Ultimately, health is built through balanced interaction with the world. G．Processed foods, however, are typically grown in resource-rich environments. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．E 5．F 【解析】文章主要探讨了食物对人体健康的影响，颠覆了传统认为抗氧化食物通过保护身体来有益健康的观点，提出食物是通过小程度地挑战身体来促进健康，最后强调健康源于与世界的平衡互动。 1．根据前文“These foods are good for us not because they protect us, but because they challenge our bodies in small ways.(这些食物对我们有益不是因为它们保护我们，而是因为它们以微小的方式挑战我们的身体)”可知，选项要对前文观点进行总结，并引出下文对这种新观点的进一步阐述。C选项“This view offers a new way to understand healthy eating.(这种观点为理解健康饮食提供了一种新的方式)”中的“This view”指代前文新观点。符合语境。 2．根据前文“Plants cannot move to escape danger. As a result, they produce chemicals to defend themselves against insects, heat, and disease. The spiciness of chili, the bitterness of broccoli, and the dryness of wine are all part of this defense system.(植物无法移动以逃避危险。因此，它们产生化学物质来抵御昆虫、高温和疾病。辣椒的辣味、西兰花的苦味和葡萄酒的干涩都是这种防御系统的一部分)”以及后文“When we consume them, our bodies detect these signals and strengthen their natural ability to cope with stress.(当我们食用它们时，我们的身体会检测到这些信号，并增强自身应对压力的自然能力)”可知，选项要起到承上启下的作用，说明植物产生的这些物质对人类而言是一种轻微压力，使得前后文逻辑连贯。D选项“For humans, these substances act as a mild form of stress.(对人类来说，这些物质是一种轻微的压力形式)”符合语境。 3．前文说“Take broccoli as an example. It contains sulforaphane (萝卜硫素), which does not fight diseases directly.(以西兰花为例。它含有萝卜硫素，这种物质并不直接对抗疾病)”，后文“In doing so, it helps us build stronger defenses and improve long - term health.(通过这样做，它帮助我们建立更强的防御能力，并改善长期健康状况)”可知，选项要承接上下文说明相反的情况。B选项“Rather, it activates our built - in defense systems.(相反，它激活了我们内在的防御系统)”中的“it”指代萝卜硫素,符合语境。 4．根据前文“Modern farming makes food safer and more stable, but it also reduces the stress plants experience, leading to fewer protective chemicals and weaker signals for the human body.(现代农业使食物更安全、更稳定，但它也减少了植物所经历的压力，导致保护化学物质减少，传递给人体的信号变弱)”可知，选项要承接前文说明为了生存植物采取的措施且与化学物质减少相对应。E选项“To survive, they produce more chemicals to protect themselves.(为了生存，它们会产生更多的化学物质来保护自己)”中的“they”指代前文地中海饮食中的食物。符合语境。 5．前文阐述了食物通过适度挑战身体来促进健康，以及不同种植环境下食物对人体影响的差异。以及后文“Rather than simply avoiding stress, our bodies benefit from manageable stresses that strengthen them and prepare them for future difficulties.(与其一味逃避压力，适度可控的压力反而能让身体获益：它可以强健体魄，帮我们从容应对日后的困境)”可知，选项位于文章结尾，要对全文进行总结，且承接下文。F选项“Ultimately, health is built through balanced interaction with the world.(最终，健康是通过与世界的平衡互动建立起来的)”符合语境。 Passage 3 【新情境·社交媒体算法的运作方式及其负面影响】（2026届湖南长沙市雅礼中学高三考前模）Algorithms (算法) on social media are one of the tools used by technology companies on the apps, games and websites we use every day. They show you content you enjoy so that you spend more time on their sites. 1 The Negative Side of Algorithms The algorithm grabs your attention in numerous ways. Humans naturally seek connection from others, so each time you receive a “like” or a friendly comment on your posts, it releases a substance in your brain called dopamine (多巴胺) that gives you a happy feeling. The trouble is, these brief highs can be followed with a low that leaves you searching more. 2 This can strengthen beliefs, because no one is offering a different opinion. What’s the Solution? If you are on social media then there are ways to mitigate (缓解) the negative effects; Have a time limit 3 . A study found that people who deactivated social media reported greater levels of happiness and life satisfaction, and lower levels of depression and anxiety. Notice your mood Check in with yourself before, during and after using social media. 4 Notice the curiosity and desire that tempts you to keep clicking. From time to time, ask yourself, do you really want to look at this, or is there something else you would prefer to be doing? 5 Save likes and comments for your close friends, but don’t engage with content unless you really need to. This keeps a healthy distance between you and the algorithm. Avoid caring about negative content too much, as this can help you feel uplifted rather than depressed. A．Engage carefully B．Ignore negative comments C．Find out how you are feeling when scrolling D．Putting your mental health to the top priority is essential E．But in doing so, they can influence your thinking as well F．Limiting social media use to thirty minutes daily may help G．Algorithms also operate by drawing people into echo chambers (回声室) 【答案】1．E 2．G 3．F 4．C 5．A 【解析】文章主要介绍了社交媒体算法的运作方式及其负面影响，包括制造“回声室”效应，并提出了缓解负面影响的几种方法，如限制使用时间、关注情绪和谨慎互动。 1．上文“They show you content you enjoy so that you spend more time on their sites.(它们向你展示你喜欢的内容，以便你花更多时间在他们的网站上)”指出算法通过推送喜欢的内容来增加用户停留时间，E选项“But in doing so, they can influence your thinking as well.(但这样做，它们也会影响你的思维)”与上文构成转折关系，指出算法除了影响用户行为外，还会影响用户的思维方式；下文分别介绍了算法的负面影响(如回声室效应)和解决方案，与E选项中的“influence your thinking”相呼应，上下文逻辑连贯。 2．上文“The trouble is, these brief highs can be followed with a low that leaves you searching more.(问题在于，这些短暂的兴奋过后可能伴随着低谷，让你更加渴望获得更多的点赞和评论)”指出多巴胺的短暂兴奋会带来后续的低落，G选项“Algorithms also operate by drawing people into echo chambers (回声室) (算法还通过将人们拉入“回声室”来运作)”与上文构成并列关系，指出算法的另一种运作方式——制造回声室效应，照应小标题中“The Negative Side”；同时，下文“This can strengthen beliefs, because no one is offering a different opinion.(这会强化人们的信念，因为没有人提供不同的意见)”解释了回声室效应的后果——信念被强化，与G选项中的“echo chambers”直接呼应，上下文语意连贯。 3．上文“Have a time limit(设定时间限制)”是本部分的小标题，指出要限制社交媒体使用时间，F选项“Limiting social media use to thirty minutes daily may help(每天将社交媒体使用限制在三十分钟以内可能会有帮助)”承接上文，具体给出了时间限制的建议；下文“A study found that people who deactivated social media reported greater levels of happiness and life satisfaction...(一项研究发现，停用社交媒体的人报告了更高水平的幸福感和生活满意度……)”通过研究结果进一步说明了减少社交媒体使用带来的积极效果，与F选项中的“limiting social media use”相呼应，上下文语意连贯。 4．上文“Check in with yourself before, during and after using social media.(在使用社交媒体之前、期间和之后都要关注自己的状态)”建议在使用社交媒体时自我觉察，C选项“Find out how you are feeling when scrolling(了解你在浏览时的感受)”承接上文，具体说明了自我觉察的内容；下文“Notice the curiosity and desire that tempts you to keep clicking.(留意那些诱使你不断点击的好奇心和欲望)”进一步细化自我觉察的具体方面，与C选项中的“how you are feeling”相呼应，上下文语意连贯。 5．设空处为段落小标题，需概括本段内容。下文“Save likes and comments for your close friends, but don’t engage with content unless you really need to.(把点赞和评论留给亲密的朋友，除非真的有必要，否则不要与内容互动)”和“Avoid caring about negative content too much(避免过多关注负面内容)”等建议的核心是谨慎选择与内容的互动方式。A选项“Engage carefully(谨慎互动)”准确概括了本段主旨，点明要与算法保持健康距离、有选择性地互动，符合小标题格式。 Passage 4 【新情境·培养良好阅读习惯】（2026届湖南长沙市岳麓实验中学高三全真模拟适应性考试） How to Develop a Good Reading Habit Reading is one of the best ways to improve ourselves. However, many people find it hard to stick to reading. Here are some useful tips for you. 1 . Many people fail to keep reading because they choose books that are too difficult or boring. If you are a beginner, start with simple and interesting books such as travel journals and story books. Easy reading can build your confidence. Set a fixed reading time. 2 . You can choose 15–20 minutes every morning or before bedtime. Fixed time helps form muscle memory, and you will gradually get used to reading every day. Put books in visible places. If books are hidden in drawers, you will easily forget to read. 3 . When you see books at any time, you will be more likely to pick them up and read for a while. Share reading feelings with others. Reading alone is quiet, but sharing makes reading more meaningful. You can talk with your friends or family about your gains from books. 4 . Never stop reading. Don’t give up even if you miss reading for one or two days. 5 . As long as you keep going, you will surely gain a lot from long-term reading. A．Start with suitable books B．Choose famous classic works C．Place books on desks or bedsides D．Consistency is the key to reading E．It helps you understand the books better F．Reading time should be long and continuous G．Short daily reading is better than occasional long reading 【答案】1．A 2．G 3．C 4．E 5．D 【解析】文章主要介绍了培养良好阅读习惯的五个实用方法，帮助读者坚持长时间的阅读。 1．由上文“However, many people find it hard to stick to reading. Here are some useful tips for you.(然而，许多人发现很难坚持阅读。这里有一些对你有用的建议)”及下文“Many people fail to keep reading because they choose books that are too difficult or boring.(许多人没能坚持阅读是因为他们选择了太难或太无聊的书)”可知，上文指出坚持阅读的困难并提出给出建议，下文说明选书不当会导致放弃，本空应提出从合适的书籍开始阅读的建议。A选项“从合适的书籍开始”能承上启下，符合语境。 2．由上文“Set a fixed reading time.(设定固定的阅读时间)”及下文“You can choose 15–20 minutes every morning or before bedtime.(你可以选择每天早上或睡前阅读15-20分钟)”可知，上文提出要固定阅读时间，下文给出了具体的短时间阅读安排，本空应强调每日短时阅读的重要性。G选项“每天短时间的阅读胜过偶尔的长时间阅读)”能承上启下，符合语境。 3．由上文“Put books in visible places. If books are hidden in drawers, you will easily forget to read.(把书放在显眼的地方。如果书藏在抽屉里，你会很容易忘记阅读)”及下文“When you see books at any time, you will be more likely to pick them up and read for a while.(当你随时看到书时，你更有可能拿起书读一会儿)”可知，上文提出要放书在可见处，下文说明可见的好处，本空应具体说明放置的位置。C选项“把书放在桌子或床头”能承上启下，符合语境。 4．由上文“You can talk with your friends or family about your gains from books.(你可以和朋友或家人聊聊你从书里得到的收获)”可知，上文提出了分享阅读感受的做法，本空应说明这种做法的好处。E选项“它能帮助你更好地理解书籍”是对分享好处的合理解释，符合语境。 5．由上文“Never stop reading. Don’t give up even if you miss reading for one or two days.(永远不要停止阅读。即使错过了一两天的阅读也不要放弃)”及下文“As long as you keep going, you will surely gain a lot from long-term reading.(只要你坚持下去，你一定会从长期阅读中获益良多)”可知，上下文都在强调持续阅读的重要性，本空应对此进行总结。D选项“坚持是阅读的关键”能承上启下，符合语境。 Passage 5 【新情境·失败的积极意义以及如何理智面对失利】（2026届山东省济南市历城第二中学模拟）Life frequently places us in contexts where people strive to outperform one another. 1 No one likes to lose, whether in a board game or a sports match. But why does losing hurt so much and how can it be handled better? Picture this. You’ve just lost the final match of the football season. Your stomach drops, your tears well up and anger or disappointment takes over. 2 Balbir Bansi, a school counsellor in UK, says these feelings are natural. “When a lot of time and effort needs to be put in, it can be painful to lose, because it can feel like your hard work has gone to waste,” Balbir says. Other emotions such as embarrassment may also arise, especially if friends and family have come to support you. These same emotions can surface even in casual contests between friends, like table tennis or video games. To an outsider, losing might seem inconsequential, but Balbir explains that the desire to do your best can lead to disappointment, whatever the circumstances of the defeat. 3 Alternatively, you may fear that losing shows you are less skilled than your opponent. This might make you doubt your abilities. However, losing does have an upside. Many top athletes who have faced repeated defeats have mentioned that moving on is crucial, as losses make them stronger. 4 Balbir agrees, “we can learn as much from losing as from winning.” When it comes to losing, the key is to use defeat to identify weaknesses and areas for improvement without becoming unnecessarily self-critical and negative. For many, losing with good grace and offering sincere congratulations to your opponent is a sign of wisdom and maturity. 5 A．You have to face defeat many times. B．It can remove the uncomfortable feelings. C．These are winning qualities in all walks of life. D．With competition comes the possibility of losing. E．It also feels unbearable to congratulate your opponents. F．You may rely on winning as a way to boost your confidence. G．Learning from those mistakes helps them improve and work harder. 【答案】1．D 2．E 3．F 4．G 5．C 【解析】主要生活处处充满竞争，分析失败带来负面情绪的原因，介绍失败的积极意义以及如何理智面对失利。 1．根据前文“Life frequently places us in contexts where people strive to outperform one another.(生活常常把我们置于人们互相比拼、一较高下的环境中。)”以及后文“No one likes to lose, whether in a board game or a sports match.(无论是桌游还是体育比赛，没有人喜欢失败。)”可知，前文讲生活充满竞争，后文讲没人愿意输掉比赛，D选项“With competition comes the possibility of losing.(有竞争就伴随着失利的可能。)”衔接竞争与失败的关联，承上启下，符合语境。 2．根据前文“You’ve just lost the final match of the football season. Your stomach drops, your tears well up and anger or disappointment takes over.(你输掉了足球赛季的最后一场比赛，心情低落、眼眶泛红，满心愤怒与失落。)”以及后文“Balbir Bansi, a school counsellor in UK, says these feelings are natural.(英国校园心理咨询师巴尔比尔·班西表示，这些情绪都是正常的。)”可知，空格处继续罗列失败后产生的负面情绪，E选项“It also feels unbearable to congratulate your opponents.(主动向对手表示祝贺也会让人难以忍受。)”补充失败后的心理感受，归属于后文所说的正常情绪范畴，符合语境。 3．根据后文“Alternatively, you may fear that losing shows you are less skilled than your opponent. This might make you doubt your abilities.(此外，你会害怕失败显得自己不如对手，进而开始怀疑自身能力。)”可知，后文讲述害怕失败的一种心理原因，空格处应铺垫另一种心理缘由，F选项“You may rely on winning as a way to boost your confidence.(你或许会把获胜当作提升自信的方式。)”与后文并列，都是人们难以接受失败的心理因素，逻辑对应，符合语境。 4．根据前文“Many top athletes who have faced repeated defeats have mentioned that moving on is crucial, as losses make them stronger.(许多顶尖运动员历经多次失利都表示，释怀向前很重要，失败能让人变得更强大。)”以及后文“we can learn as much from losing as from winning.(我们从失败中学到的东西和成功一样多。)”可知，空格处说明运动员从失败中吸取教训、实现成长，G选项“Learning from those mistakes helps them improve and work harder.(从这些失误中总结经验，能帮助他们进步、更加努力。)”承接运动员经历失败成长的内容，贴合段落主旨，符合语境。 5．根据前文“For many, losing with good grace and offering sincere congratulations to your opponent is a sign of wisdom and maturity.(对很多人而言，坦然接受失败、真诚祝福对手，是智慧与成熟的体现。)”可知，空格处对这种豁达大度的品质进行总结评价，C选项“These are winning qualities in all walks of life.(这些素养在各行各业都是可贵的闪光点。)”指代前文优雅面对失败的格局与修养，收尾总结，符合语境。 真题·实战演练 高频考点：考查小标题；考查段首句；考查段中句；考查段尾句；综合考查7选5技巧 1.【2022年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym, ” while another read: “___16___” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition. So, how do you find a workout partner? First of all, decide what you want from that person. ___17___ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner. You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a useful response. ___18___ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym. My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. ___19___ You and your partner will probably have different skills. ___20___ Over time, both of you will benefit — your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other. A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward. B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by. C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else. D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice? F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information. 【答案】16. C 17. D 18. B 19. G 20. F 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何找到一个一起锻炼的伙伴。 【16题详解】 根据前文“Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partne.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym,”(《健身杂志》最近刊登了一篇题为《感谢健身伙伴的五个理由》的文章。一个理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就会去锻炼。”)”可知，这里陈述另一个和别人一起锻炼的理由。所以选择项C“You'll work harder if you train with someone else.(如果你和别人一起训练，你会更努力。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。 【17题详解】 根据前文“First of all, decide what you want from that person. (首先，决定你想从那个人身上得到什么。)”和后文“Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility?(或者你只是想要身体健康，能够移动的力量和灵活性?)”可知，这里是一个问句，反问自己结伴锻炼的目的。所以选择项D“Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? (你想在你最喜欢的运动项目上成为更好的运动员吗?)”符合上下文语境。故选D。 【18题详解】 根据前文“You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but probably won't result in a useful response. (你可能会考虑在社交媒体上发布你想要的东西，但可能不会得到有用的回应。)”和后文“If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.(如果你打算在健身房锻炼，那个人一定是同一个健身房的。)”可知，寻找的锻炼伙伴要具有便利性的特点。所以选择项B“A workout partner usually needs to live close by. (锻炼伙伴通常需要住在附近。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。 【19题详解】 根据前文“My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. (我的搭档把她的要求贴在了当地公园的布告栏上。她的注意事项包括她想要做什么样的锻炼，每周多少天，每次培训要花多少小时，以及她的年龄。它还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动，并提供了她的电话号码。)”可知，本段作者以自己的锻炼伙伴为例，说明寻找锻炼伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以选择项G“Any notice for a training partner should include such information. (任何锻炼伙伴的布告都应包括这些信息。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。 【20题详解】 根据前文“You and your partner will probably have different skills. (你和你的伴侣可能有不同的技能。)”和后文“Over time, both of you will benefit -- your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit.(久而久之，你们双方都会受益——你的伴侣会举起更多的重量，你也会变得更健康。)”可知，要学会求同存异，一起合作，共同提高。所以选择项F“Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. (接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。 2.【2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques. ___16___ When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. ___17___ Don’t worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique won’t work for everyone, it helps many people get a good store of ideas to draw on. The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. ___18___ Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete highway. The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision. ___19___ As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大块) of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor. ___20___ The resulting blank space invites you to revise. A. Make sure your handwriting is neat. B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought. C. The second draft of the essay should be better. D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing. E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time. F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise. G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space. 【答案】16. D 17. B 18. E 19. F 20. G 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是写文章的技巧。 【16题详解】 空格处是本段的主题句，由空后的“When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. (当你第一次想写一篇文章的时候，把笔放在纸上，不间断地写10到15分钟，不要让笔离开纸。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要学会不间断地写，D选项“First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing. (首先，学习不间断写作的技巧。)”概括了本段的主要内容，可作为主题句，故选D。 【17题详解】 空前说“Stay loose and free. (保持宽松和自由。)”，空后说“Don’t worry about grammar or spelling. (不要担心语法和拼写。)”，因此空格处应说按心里想的写，自由发挥，B选项“Let your pen follow the waves of thought. (让你的笔跟随思想的波浪。)”说明了按自己的思路和想法来写，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选B。 【18题详解】 空前说“The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. (下一个技巧是快速写草稿，不要担心是否完美。)”，空后说“Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper. (然而，通过学习与不完美共存，你将避免自己的头痛和一个装满皱巴巴的废纸篓。)”，E选项“Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time. (太多的作家试图在第一次就把草稿写好。)”中的“get their drafts”和上文的“write your draft”相呼应，说明了有很多人想一次就写好，这是不合理的，要学会允许不完美的存在，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。 【19题详解】 空前说“The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision. (第三种方法是打印出三倍行距的副本，以便有修改的空间。)”，F选项“Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise. (许多初来乍到的作者没有留出足够的修改空间。)”中的“revise”和前面的“revision”一致，指出了新手作者的常见做法，且其中的“Many beginning writers”和后文的“these writers”相互呼应，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境，故选F。 【20题详解】 空前说“After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor. (当你修改你的草稿，直到它太乱以至于无法继续工作，你可以把你的修改输入到你的文字处理器中。)”，空后说“The resulting blank space invites you to revise. (由此产生的空白允许您修改。)”，因此空格处应说输入到文字处理器后应该做什么，G选项“Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space. (然后你可以打印一份新的草稿，同样将文本设置为三倍行距。)”说的是输入到你的文字处理器后的做法，其中的“triple-space”和后文的“The resulting blank space”相呼应，因此G选项承上启下，符合语境，故选G。 3.【2022年全国乙卷】Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain (保持) long-distance friendships. ·Set a regular date Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. ___16___. ·More isn’t always merrier Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. ___17___. There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat. ·Practise empathy (共情) ___18___. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned. · ___19___ Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you. ·Don’t rely on technology alone ___20___, but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible. A. Remember important dates B. Compensate by writing letters C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind 【答案】16. D 17. B 18. G 19. A 20. F 【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了五种维系异地友谊的方法。 【16题详解】 上文“With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge.”（平日繁忙，很难抽出时间打电话。）讲的是双方都很忙碌，很难有时间给对方打电话，D项“尽量找个双方都有空的时间去打电话，并坚持下去” 给出了解决没时间打电话这个问题的方法，符合题意。故选D项。 【17题详解】 上文“Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both.”（确保你已经与你的朋友沟通过，了解你们彼此希望联系的次数，以及哪种沟通方式最适合你们两人。）提到异地朋友之间要商量沟通方式，B项“可以通过写信补偿”提出了其中一种沟通方式：写信，下文“There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.”（除了不断的文字交流，还有其他方式，比如发语音或者组建群聊。）补充了发语音等其他沟通方式，其中“constant written communication”呼应了B项的“writing letters”。故选B项。 【18题详解】 下文“The friend who is remaining”（留下来的朋友）和“The one in the new environment”（在新环境中的那个）提到朋友的两个不同处境，G项“你可能是朋友中离开的那一方，也可能是被留下的那一方”指出了异地友谊中分为离开的一方和留下的一方，其中“the friend who left”和“the one who was left behind”分别对应下文“The one in the new environment”和“The friend who is remaining”，所以G项符合题意。故选G项。 【19题详解】 分析文章结构可知，设空处的内容是维系异地友谊的第四个方法，是第五段的小标题。下文“Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships.”（周年纪念日和生日对于异地友谊而言是非常重要的。）讲的是诸如周年纪念日和生日等重要的日子对于维系异地友谊是非常重要的，由此推知，这段对应的维系异地友谊的方法是A项“记得重要的日子”，所以A项符合题意。故选A项。 【20题详解】 设空处所在句子的后半句“but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain.”（但是异地友谊——甚至是关系亲密的友谊——可能需要更加自觉地去维系。）讲的是我们要更加自觉地维系异地友谊，其中“but”说明后半句与设空处形成转折，而F项“朋友之间很容易通过社交媒体产生一种联结感”讲的是可以通过社交媒体这种方式很容易与朋友产生联结，与后半句“require more conscious effort to sustain”形成转折，而且其中的“social media”呼应了该段的小标题“Don’t rely on technology alone”（不要仅仅依赖技术）中的“technology”。故选F项。 4.【2022年全国甲卷】Important Things to Know When Dining Out Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. ___16___. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world. Chopstick Rules The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. ___17___ . Hands or Utensils (餐具) In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. ___18___, instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons. Making Requests ___19___ . In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. ___20___ , the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. A. The more friends you make in your lifetime B. The more time you spend in any given country C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal 【答案】16. D 17. F 18. C 19. G 20. B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些外出就餐时要知道的一些重要事情。 【16题详解】 根据文章标题“Important Things to Know When Dining Out (外出就餐时要知道的重要事情)”可知，本文主要介绍的是外出就餐时应该知道的重要事情。由此可知，D项“Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant (不要在餐馆犯尴尬的错误)”符合语境，其中“at a restaurant”对应标题中的“When Dining Out”，同时引起下文“Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world. (知道一些技巧将有助于确保你和朋友或家人一起享受一顿愉快的晚餐——无论你在世界的哪个地方)”。故选D。 【17题详解】 根据本段小标题“Chopstick Rules”可知，本段主要讲述的是使用筷子的规则。根据上文“When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. (当你在吃的间隙把它们放下来的时候，一定要把它们放在一起，这样它们就和你面前的桌子边缘平行了)”可知，此处讲述了正确使用筷子的方式。由此可知，F项“Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them (不要把它们笔直地插在你的食物中，也不要在使用它们时交叉放置)”讲述的也是使用筷子时的注意事项，符合此处语境，其中“them”指的是上文的“chopsticks”。故选F。 【18题详解】 根据本段小标题“Hands or Utensils (餐具)”可知，本段主要讲述的是手和餐具的问题。根据上文“In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. (在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常不礼貌的。法国人希望你每只手拿一个餐具吃饭)”及下文“instead preferring to use their hands (相反更愿意使用他们的双手)”可知，此处在讲述不同国家就餐时习惯使用哪只手的问题。由此可知，C项“Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils (墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的)”符合语境，与下文形成转折关系。故选C。 【19题详解】 根据本段小标题“Making Requests”可知，本段主要讲述的是用餐时提请求的问题。根据下文“In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. (在葡萄牙，这将是一个严重的错误，因为这向厨师表明你不喜欢他们的调味技巧。同样，在意大利，永远不要要求在食物中添加额外的奶酪)”可推知，在一些国家，用餐时提出要求是很无礼的。由此可知，G项“It may seem like simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal (吃饭时要盐和胡椒看似很简单)”符合此处语境，其中“request”是关键词，说明，在用餐时提出一些我们看来很平常的要求在某些国家是无礼的。故选G。 【20题详解】 根据下文“the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. (你就会对它的外国文化习俗感到越舒服)”可推知，此处指在一个国家待得越久，就会越习惯当地习俗，且此处是“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，B项“The more time you spend in any given country (你在某个国家待的时间越长)”符合文意，引出下文。故选B。 5.【2022年北京卷】Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various pressures, we tend to ignore our health. ____35____ It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases. ____36____ We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body. Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses. ____37____ This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy. It means the fitness level is not in accordance with our age and the climatic conditions we live in. It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness. ____38____ For instance, we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style. There are different levels of exercises for different age groups and we must do them according to our own health and age. Additionally, it is important to relax our body. We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It helps in improving our immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases. ____39____ This, in turn, gives us new goals of health and fitness. A. Fitness levels decide the quality of life. B. Health and fitness are interrelated to each other. C. It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind. D. For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily. E. If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner. F. There are some activities which everyone should do in our life. G. This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases. 【答案】35. G 36. B 37. D 38. F 39. C 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是健康和健身之间密不可分的关系以及我们应该通过哪些健身的方式来让自己有一个健康的身体。 35. 根据空前“Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various pressures, we tend to ignore our health.(健康和健身帮助一个人过上良好和健康的生活。由于各种各样的压力，我们往往会忽视自己的健康。)”可知因为各种压力，我们的健康容易被忽视，根据空后“It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases.(正是我们身体的健康水平帮助我们对抗这些疾病。)”可知身体的健康可以让我们应对各种疾病，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲忽视健康对我们的身体及生活的影响。G项“This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases.(这使我们的身体遭受痛苦，而且我们会感染其他疾病。)”承接上文，引出下文，而且G项中的other diseases与空后的these diseases相互照应，符合上下文语境。故选G项。 36. 根据空后“We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body.(为了拥有一个健康的身体我们需要健康。同样，如果我们是健康的，我们自然会被保持健康的身体所吸引。)”可知健康的身体与健身是密不可分的，空处位于句首，应是本段的主旨句，B项“Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.(健康和健身是相互关联的。)”概括全段的主要内容，符合上下文语境。故选B项。 37. 根据空前“Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses.(健康是在特定时间内我们身体的状态。我们可能没有任何疾病，但身体仍然虚弱，随时会被病毒攻击。)”可知我们的身体虽然没有生病，但也很虚弱，随时会生病，根据空后“This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy.(这并不一定意味着我们不健康。)”可知生病并不一定表明我们是不健康的。空处承上启下，所以空处应该举例说明我们的身体在虚弱的情况下会生病这样一种状况，D项“For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.(例如，我们可能很容易感冒。)”举例说明我们的身体会在虚弱的情况下生病，承接上文，引出下文，而且空后的This指代D项的we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily这种情况，符合上下文语境。故选D项。 38. 根据空前“It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness.(对每个人来说，花些时间在健康和健身方面是很重要的。)”可知我们应该花时间去健身，根据空后“For instance, we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style.(例如，我们必须每天锻炼，不管我们的年龄和工作方式。)”可知我们应该每天坚持锻$