专题02 Unit 2 Morals and Virtues-【语境串考点】一轮高频考点 单元备考学案 -2027届高三英语人教版必修第三册

该高中英语高考复习学案系统梳理了必修三Unit 2及高考高频词汇，精选precious、majority等10个核心知识点，通过语境串记语篇构建“珍贵时刻—道德选择—社会行为”的逻辑记忆链，结合知识点列表、词根拆解及词性变化总表，引导学生自主梳理词形词义及考点联系，形成结构化知识网络。 亮点在于多维度语境复现与自主诊断设计，如语法填空、语篇默写等练习强化语言能力，关联阅读培养思维品质，自我检测环节通过复述模板帮助学生自主评估掌握情况。学案注重学习能力提升，教师可依据学生练习反馈精准指导，实现因材施教，有效提升备考效率。

专题02【语境串考点】第二单元备考学案（人教版2019） 高考高频知识点：precious / majority / respond / reject / appoint / tend / principle / replace / assist / harm （知识点来源：必修三 Unit 2 · Morals and Virtues +高考高频知识点） 学校:____________________ 姓名：____________________ 班级：__________ 座号：__________ 目录 Part 1 语境串记语篇 1 【英文语篇】 1 【中文译文】 2 Part 2 知识点列表 2 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 2 Part 4 词性变化总表 5 Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 5 【练习题】 5 【答案】 6 【逐题解析】 6 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 7 【练习题】 7 【答案】 7 Part 7 关联阅读 7 Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉 9 【参考答案】 9 Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级 9 【答案】 10 Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 10 【自我检测答案】 10 复述模板参考版本： 10 Part 1 语境串记语篇 【英文语篇】 Life is full of precious moments that teach us about right and wrong. The vast majority of people learn moral values through real-life experiences. When facing criticism, how we respond says a lot about our character. Society sometimes rejects those who think differently. Yet history appoints unexpected heroes — ordinary people who tend to follow strong moral principles even when it is difficult. Technology can never replace human kindness. We should always assist those in need and avoid causing harm to others. In the end, what matters most is not what we achieve but how we treat one another. 【中文译文】 生活充满了珍贵的（precious）时刻，教我们分辨是非。大多数（majority）人通过现实生活经历学习道德价值观。面对批评时，我们如何回应（respond）反映了我们的品格。 社会有时会拒绝（rejects）那些想法不同的人。然而，历史会任命（appoints）意想不到的英雄——那些倾向于（tend）遵循坚定道德原则（principles）的普通人，即使在困难时刻。 科技永远无法替代（replace）人类的善良。我们应该始终帮助（assist）有需要的人，避免对他人造成伤害（harm）。最终，最重要的不是我们成就了什么，而是我们如何对待彼此。 💡 语境串联记忆线索：珍贵时刻 → 大多数人 → 回应批评 → 社会拒绝 → 任命英雄 → 倾向遵循原则 → 科技无法替代善良 → 帮助有需要的人 → 避免伤害 记忆链：precious → majority → respond → reject → appoint → tend → principle → replace → assist → harm Part 2 知识点列表 序号 知识点 音标 词性 + 释义 + 高考考点 1 precious /ˈpreʃəs/ adj. 珍稀的；宝贵的 precious moments / a precious chance 宝贵的机会 2 majority /məˈdʒɒrəti/ n. 大部分；大多数 the majority of / major adj. 主要的 n. 主修 / minority n. 少数 3 respond /rɪˈspɒnd/ vt.&vi. 回答；响应；做出反应 respond to / response n. 答复 / in response to 作为对…的回应 4 reject /rɪˈdʒekt/ vt. 拒绝接受；不录用 rejection n. 拒绝 / be rejected by 被…拒绝 5 appoint /əˈpɔɪnt/ vt. 任命；委派 appoint sb. as/to be 任命某人为 / appointment n. 任命；约会 6 tend /tend/ vi. 倾向；趋于 vt. 照顾；照料 tend to do 往往会 / tend (to) sb. 照顾某人 / tendency n. 趋势 7 principle /ˈprɪnsəpl/ n. 道德原则；法则；原则 follow moral principles 遵循道德原则 8 replace /rɪˈpleɪs/ vt. 替代；取代 replace A with B 用B替代A / be replaced by 被…取代 9 assist /əˈsɪst/ vt. 帮助；协助 assist sb. in doing / assistance n. 帮助 / assistant n. 助手 10 harm /hɑːm/ n.&vt. 伤害；损害 do harm to / harmful adj. 有害的 / harmless adj. 无害的 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 1. precious /ˈpreʃəs/ adj. 珍稀的；宝贵的 【核心考点】 precious一词常出现在情感和价值判断类语境中（阅读理解为"珍贵的/宝贵的"）。派生词较少，考点集中在语境理解。 【词根联想】 preci（价值，拉丁语pretium"价格"）+ -ous（形容词后缀）→ 有价值的 → 珍贵的。联想：同词根appreciate（欣赏→认识价值）、price（价格）。 【经典原句】 ① "Life is full of precious moments that teach us about right and wrong."（经典原句·precious修饰抽象事物） 【搭配词块】 a precious chance 宝贵机会 / precious moments 珍贵时刻 / appreciate v. 欣赏/感激 2. majority /məˈdʒɒrəti/ n. 大部分；大多数 【核心考点】 majority→major→minority（少数）词族是考点；the majority of + 名词作主语时谓语单复数取决于名词。major还可作动词"主修"(major in)。 【词根联想】 major（较大的/主要的）+ -ity（名词后缀）→ 大多数。联想：反义词minority（少数）。major=较大的，minor=较小的。 【经典原句】 ① "The majority of people learn moral values through real-life experiences."（经典原句·the majority of 用法） 【搭配词块】 the majority of 大多数 / major adj. 主要的 n. 主修 / minority n. 少数 / in the majority 占多数 3. respond /rɪˈspɒnd/ vt.&vi. 回答；响应；做出反应 【核心考点】 respond→response派生链是语法填空核心考点；respond to（回应/反应）和in response to（作为回应）写作模板表达。 【词根联想】 re-（回）+ spond（承诺/回答，拉丁语spondere"承诺"）→ 回答回去 → 回应。联想：同词根responsible（有责任的→能回应的）。 【经典原句】 ① "Every time I asked him for advice, he would respond to me immediately with helpful suggestions."（经典原句·respond to 回应某人） 【搭配词块】 respond to 回应/反应 / response n. 答复 / in response to 作为对…的回应 / make a response to 对…做出回应 4. reject /rɪˈdʒekt/ vt. 拒绝接受；不录用 【核心考点】 reject→rejection派生考点；reject比refuse语气更强（"断然拒绝/不录用"）。 【词根联想】 re-（回/反）+ ject（投/扔）→ 扔回去 → 拒绝。联想：同词根inject（注入）、project（向前投→项目）、object（反对→扔回）。 【经典原句】 ① "He was rejected by all the universities he applied to, but he never gave up."（经典原句·be rejected by 被拒绝） 【搭配词块】 be rejected by 被…拒绝 / reject an offer 拒绝提议 / rejection n. 拒绝 / refuse v. 拒绝（语气较轻） 5. appoint /əˈpɔɪnt/ vt. 任命；委派 【核心考点】 appoint→appointment派生考点；appoint sb. as/to be（任命某人为）；make an appointment（预约）是日常生活场景高频表达。 【词根联想】 ap-（朝向）+ point（点/指定）→ 指定某人去做 → 任命。联想：同词根point（指出）、disappoint（没有指定→失望）。 【经典原句】 ① "Learning that you have been appointed as chairman of the Student Association, I sincerely congratulate you."（应用文·祝贺信模板·appoint sb. as 任命某人为） 【搭配词块】 appoint sb. as/to be 任命某人为 / appointment n. 任命；约会 / make an appointment 预约 6. tend /tend/ vi. 倾向；趋于 vt. 照顾；照料 【核心考点】 tend一词二义：①vi. 倾向于(tend to do) ②vt. 照顾(tend to sb.)。tendency n. 趋势/倾向是派生考点。 【词根联想】 tend源自拉丁语tendere（伸展/倾向）。联想："朝某个方向伸展"→ 倾向于。同词根：extend（延伸）、attend（朝…去→参加/照顾）、intend（内心倾向→打算）。 【经典原句】 ① "People always tend to judge a person by his appearance."（经典原句·tend to do 往往会/倾向于） ② "The nurse tends my mother in the hospital every day."（熟词生义·tend=照顾/照料） 【搭配词块】 tend to do 往往会 / tend (to) sb. 照顾某人 / tendency n. 趋势/倾向 / have a tendency to do 有做…的倾向 7. principle /ˈprɪnsəpl/ n. 道德原则；法则；原则 【核心考点】 principle常出现在议论文和道德话题中，follow moral principles（遵循道德原则）是写作高频表达。 【词根联想】 prin-（第一/首要，primus的变体）+ cip（拿/取）+ -le（名词后缀）→ 首先拿的东西 → 基本原则。联想：同词根principal（首要的→校长）、prince（王子→第一人）。 【经典原句】 ① "Ordinary people tend to follow strong moral principles even when it is difficult."（经典原句·follow moral principles 遵循道德原则） 【搭配词块】 follow moral principles 遵循道德原则 / stick to one's principles 坚守原则 / against one's principles 违背某人的原则 8. replace /rɪˈpleɪs/ vt. 替代；取代 【核心考点】 replace A with B（用B替代A）和be replaced by（被…取代）是核心搭配。高考常考replace的被动语态。 【词根联想】 re-（重新）+ place（放置）→ 重新放置 → 替代。联想："把旧的换掉放新的"→ replace。 【经典原句】 ① "It is generally believed that teachers will never be replaced by computers in class."（经典原句·be replaced by 被取代） 【搭配词块】 replace A with B 用B替代A / be replaced by 被…取代 / replacement n. 替代品 / irreplaceable adj. 不可替代的 9. assist /əˈsɪst/ vt. 帮助；协助 【核心考点】 assist→assistance→assistant三级派生链；assist sb. in doing（帮助某人做）写作模板；come to one's assistance（帮助某人）见于2021新高考Ⅰ读后续写故事。 【词根联想】 as-（朝向）+ sist（站立）→ 站在某人旁边 → 帮助。联想：同词根insist（坚持站立→坚持）、consist（站在一起→组成）。 【经典原句】 ① "With the assistance of their father, the twins finally prepared a wonderful breakfast for their mother."（经典原句·基于2021新高考Ⅰ读后续写故事·assistance派生词） 【搭配词块】 assist sb. in doing 帮助某人做 / come to one's assistance 帮助某人 / assistance n. 帮助 / assistant n. 助手 10. harm /hɑːm/ n.&vt. 伤害；损害 【核心考点】 harm→harmful→harmless三级派生链；do harm to（对…有害）和be harmful to（对…有害）写作必备表达；There is no harm in doing（做…无妨）句型考点。 【词根联想】 源自古英语hearm（伤害/痛苦）。联想：harmful（有害的）；There is no harm in doing = 做某事无妨。 【经典原句】 ① "Being addicted to online games is harmful to our physical and mental health."（经典原句·be harmful to 对…有害） ② "There is no harm in admitting your mistakes — it shows strength, not weakness."（经典原句·There is no harm in doing 做…无害） 【搭配词块】 do harm to 对…有害 / be harmful to 对…有害 / harmless adj. 无害的 / There is no harm in doing 做…无妨 Part 4 词性变化总表 原词 派生词1 派生词2 派生词3 核心搭配 precious — — — a precious chance majority major minor minority the majority of respond response responsive — respond to reject rejection — — be rejected by appoint appointment appointed — appoint sb. as tend tendency — — tend to do principle principal — — follow moral principles replace replacement irreplaceable — replace A with B assist assistance assistant — assist sb. in doing harm harmful harmless harmfully do harm to Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 【练习题】 （2026山东济南·模拟）1. Life is full of ________ (preciously) moments that teach us about right and wrong. （2026广东广州·模拟）2. The vast ________ (major) of students in our school support the new policy. （2026广东广州·模拟）3. When I asked him for advice, he ________ (response) to me immediately with helpful suggestions. （2026湖北武汉·模拟）4. His application was ________ (rejection) by several universities before he finally got accepted. （2026江苏南京·模拟）5. She was ________ (appointment) as the head of the charity organization last month. （2026浙江杭州·模拟）6. People ________ (tendency) to judge others based on first impressions rather than facts. （2026四川成都·模拟）7. A person of strong moral ________ (principal) will always choose to do the right thing. （2026湖南长沙·模拟）8. Human teachers can never be fully ________ (replacement) by artificial intelligence. （2026四川成都·模拟）9. With the ________ (assist) of modern technology, doctors can now save more lives. （2026河南郑州·模拟）10. Too much screen time is ________ (harm) to children's eyesight and overall health. （2026河南郑州·模拟）11. The doctor's quick ________ (respond) to the emergency saved the patient's life. （2026安徽合肥·模拟）12. Despite many ________ (reject), she never gave up her dream of becoming a writer. （2026陕西西安·模拟）13. I have an important ________ (appoint) with the physician at three o'clock this afternoon. （2026辽宁沈阳·模拟）14. Volunteers ________ (assist) the elderly residents in the nursing home every weekend. （2026福建福州·模拟）15. There is no ________ (harmful) in admitting your mistakes — it shows strength, not weakness. Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 【练习题】 生活充满了__________（珍贵的）时刻。绝大__________（多数）人通过生活经历学习道德。面对批评时，我们如何__________（回应）反映了品格。 社会有时会__________（拒绝）想法不同的人。历史会__________（任命）意想不到的英雄——他们__________（倾向于）遵循坚定的道德__________（原则）。 科技永远无法__________（替代）善良。我们应该__________（帮助）有需要的人，避免__________（伤害）他人。 Part 7 关联阅读 Life offers us countless precious lessons that polish our character and guide our lifelong growth. The majority of these valuable lessons do not come from academic textbooks or formal schooling, but from the ups and downs of real life. When we are faced with various difficulties and unexpected challenges, the way we choose to respond directly mirrors our inner quality and true nature. In tough times, some people choose to maintain kindness and generosity, even when the cold reality seems to reject their sincerity and efforts completely. Life and history often appoint ordinary people as unexpected heroes. These people tend to abide by strict moral principles and stick to their conscience in daily life. They hold a firm belief that worldly material wealth can never replace inner peace, sincere friendship and spiritual satisfaction. They are always ready to assist people who are trapped in trouble and in need of help. Moreover, they firmly refuse to harm the interests and feelings of others. They never seek fame or fortune, and they insist on doing what is right, even if it may bring inconvenience or personal losses. These real-life experiences serve as the most powerful teachers, helping us build sound values and become more responsible and resilient individuals. 1. Where do the most valuable life lessons come from according to the passage? A. Professional textbooks and school education. B. Practical life experiences and hardships. C. Public speeches and famous sayings. D. Social awards and material success. 2. What can we learn about the ordinary heroes in the text? A. They seek high social status and great wealth. B. They stick to morality despite personal losses. C. They gain wide popularity for their kind deeds. D. They often make compromises in tough situations. 3. The word “replace” in Paragraph 2 most probably means ______. A. take the place of B. give up C. make up for D. rely on 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Material wealth cannot bring people happiness. B. Moral principles benefit interpersonal communication. C. Real-life experiences shape one’s personality and values. D. Persistence is the key to overcoming difficulties. 📖 本语篇覆盖的目标词汇：precious, majority, respond, reject, appoint, tend, principle, replace, assist, harm Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉 请根据英文写出对应汉语释义： 乐思英语 ·高考高频知识点 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. precious — __________ 2. majority — __________ 3. respond — __________ 4. reject — __________ 5. appoint — __________ 6. tend — __________ 7. principle — __________ 8. replace — __________ 9. assist — __________ 10. harm — __________ 11. response — __________ 12. rejection — __________ 13. appointment — __________ 14. tendency — __________ 15. assistance — __________ 16. harmful — __________ 17. major — __________ 18. tend (v.照顾) — __________ 19. replace A with B — __________ 20. harm (v.) — __________ Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级 同义转换：用本专题词汇替换下面句中的普通词，提升写作表达： 1. These old photos of my childhood are very valuable to me. → These old photos of my childhood are very ____________________ to me. 2. Most of the students in our school walk or cycle to class every day. → The ____________________ of the students in our school walk or cycle to class every day. 3. He didn't react to my question, which made me feel a little upset. → He didn't ____________________ to my question, which made me feel a little upset. 4. His ideas were completely turned down by the research team. → His ideas were completely ____________________ by the research team. 5. She was chosen as the leader of the volunteer group last week. → She was ____________________ as the leader of the volunteer group last week. 6. Young people are more likely to follow trends on social media. → Young people ____________________ to follow trends on social media. 7. We should always help those who are in trouble. → We should always ____________________ those who are in need of help. 8. Staying up late can damage your health in the long run. → Staying up late can do ____________________ to your health in the long run. 9. E-books can never completely take the place of the experience of reading a real book. → E-books can never completely ____________________ the experience of reading a real book. 10. A true leader always follows strong moral rules in life and work. → A true leader always follows strong moral ____________________ in life and work. Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 遮挡提示，尝试用10个目标词复述下面这条记忆链： 记忆链：precious → majority → respond → reject → appoint → tend → principle → replace → assist → harm 复述模板（填空）： 生活充满了__________（珍贵的）时刻。绝大__________（多数）人通过经历学习道德。如何__________（回应）批评反映品格。社会有时__________（拒绝）异见者。历史__________（任命）英雄——他们__________（倾向于）遵循__________（原则）。科技无法__________（替代）善良。我们应__________（帮助）有需要的人，避免__________（伤害）。 你的复述： ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ $专题02【语境串考点】第二单元备考学案（人教版2019） 高考高频知识点：precious / majority / respond / reject / appoint / tend / principle / replace / assist / harm （知识点来源：必修三 Unit 2 · Morals and Virtues +高考高频知识点） 学校:____________________ 姓名：____________________ 班级：__________ 座号：__________ 目录 Part 1 语境串记语篇 1 【英文语篇】 1 【中文译文】 2 Part 2 知识点列表 2 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 2 Part 4 词性变化总表 5 Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 5 【练习题】 5 【答案】 6 【逐题解析】 6 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 7 【练习题】 7 【答案】 7 Part 7 关联阅读 7 Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉 9 【参考答案】 9 Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级 9 【答案】 10 Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 10 【自我检测答案】 10 复述模板参考版本： 10 Part 1 语境串记语篇 【英文语篇】 Life is full of precious moments that teach us about right and wrong. The vast majority of people learn moral values through real-life experiences. When facing criticism, how we respond says a lot about our character. Society sometimes rejects those who think differently. Yet history appoints unexpected heroes — ordinary people who tend to follow strong moral principles even when it is difficult. Technology can never replace human kindness. We should always assist those in need and avoid causing harm to others. In the end, what matters most is not what we achieve but how we treat one another. 【中文译文】 生活充满了珍贵的（precious）时刻，教我们分辨是非。大多数（majority）人通过现实生活经历学习道德价值观。面对批评时，我们如何回应（respond）反映了我们的品格。 社会有时会拒绝（rejects）那些想法不同的人。然而，历史会任命（appoints）意想不到的英雄——那些倾向于（tend）遵循坚定道德原则（principles）的普通人，即使在困难时刻。 科技永远无法替代（replace）人类的善良。我们应该始终帮助（assist）有需要的人，避免对他人造成伤害（harm）。最终，最重要的不是我们成就了什么，而是我们如何对待彼此。 💡 语境串联记忆线索：珍贵时刻 → 大多数人 → 回应批评 → 社会拒绝 → 任命英雄 → 倾向遵循原则 → 科技无法替代善良 → 帮助有需要的人 → 避免伤害 记忆链：precious → majority → respond → reject → appoint → tend → principle → replace → assist → harm Part 2 知识点列表 序号 知识点 音标 词性 + 释义 + 高考考点 1 precious /ˈpreʃəs/ adj. 珍稀的；宝贵的 precious moments / a precious chance 宝贵的机会 2 majority /məˈdʒɒrəti/ n. 大部分；大多数 the majority of / major adj. 主要的 n. 主修 / minority n. 少数 3 respond /rɪˈspɒnd/ vt.&vi. 回答；响应；做出反应 respond to / response n. 答复 / in response to 作为对…的回应 4 reject /rɪˈdʒekt/ vt. 拒绝接受；不录用 rejection n. 拒绝 / be rejected by 被…拒绝 5 appoint /əˈpɔɪnt/ vt. 任命；委派 appoint sb. as/to be 任命某人为 / appointment n. 任命；约会 6 tend /tend/ vi. 倾向；趋于 vt. 照顾；照料 tend to do 往往会 / tend (to) sb. 照顾某人 / tendency n. 趋势 7 principle /ˈprɪnsəpl/ n. 道德原则；法则；原则 follow moral principles 遵循道德原则 8 replace /rɪˈpleɪs/ vt. 替代；取代 replace A with B 用B替代A / be replaced by 被…取代 9 assist /əˈsɪst/ vt. 帮助；协助 assist sb. in doing / assistance n. 帮助 / assistant n. 助手 10 harm /hɑːm/ n.&vt. 伤害；损害 do harm to / harmful adj. 有害的 / harmless adj. 无害的 Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 1. precious /ˈpreʃəs/ adj. 珍稀的；宝贵的 【核心考点】 precious一词常出现在情感和价值判断类语境中（阅读理解为"珍贵的/宝贵的"）。派生词较少，考点集中在语境理解。 【词根联想】 preci（价值，拉丁语pretium"价格"）+ -ous（形容词后缀）→ 有价值的 → 珍贵的。联想：同词根appreciate（欣赏→认识价值）、price（价格）。 【经典原句】 ① "Life is full of precious moments that teach us about right and wrong."（经典原句·precious修饰抽象事物） 【搭配词块】 a precious chance 宝贵机会 / precious moments 珍贵时刻 / appreciate v. 欣赏/感激 2. majority /məˈdʒɒrəti/ n. 大部分；大多数 【核心考点】 majority→major→minority（少数）词族是考点；the majority of + 名词作主语时谓语单复数取决于名词。major还可作动词"主修"(major in)。 【词根联想】 major（较大的/主要的）+ -ity（名词后缀）→ 大多数。联想：反义词minority（少数）。major=较大的，minor=较小的。 【经典原句】 ① "The majority of people learn moral values through real-life experiences."（经典原句·the majority of 用法） 【搭配词块】 the majority of 大多数 / major adj. 主要的 n. 主修 / minority n. 少数 / in the majority 占多数 3. respond /rɪˈspɒnd/ vt.&vi. 回答；响应；做出反应 【核心考点】 respond→response派生链是语法填空核心考点；respond to（回应/反应）和in response to（作为回应）写作模板表达。 【词根联想】 re-（回）+ spond（承诺/回答，拉丁语spondere"承诺"）→ 回答回去 → 回应。联想：同词根responsible（有责任的→能回应的）。 【经典原句】 ① "Every time I asked him for advice, he would respond to me immediately with helpful suggestions."（经典原句·respond to 回应某人） 【搭配词块】 respond to 回应/反应 / response n. 答复 / in response to 作为对…的回应 / make a response to 对…做出回应 4. reject /rɪˈdʒekt/ vt. 拒绝接受；不录用 【核心考点】 reject→rejection派生考点；reject比refuse语气更强（"断然拒绝/不录用"）。 【词根联想】 re-（回/反）+ ject（投/扔）→ 扔回去 → 拒绝。联想：同词根inject（注入）、project（向前投→项目）、object（反对→扔回）。 【经典原句】 ① "He was rejected by all the universities he applied to, but he never gave up."（经典原句·be rejected by 被拒绝） 【搭配词块】 be rejected by 被…拒绝 / reject an offer 拒绝提议 / rejection n. 拒绝 / refuse v. 拒绝（语气较轻） 5. appoint /əˈpɔɪnt/ vt. 任命；委派 【核心考点】 appoint→appointment派生考点；appoint sb. as/to be（任命某人为）；make an appointment（预约）是日常生活场景高频表达。 【词根联想】 ap-（朝向）+ point（点/指定）→ 指定某人去做 → 任命。联想：同词根point（指出）、disappoint（没有指定→失望）。 【经典原句】 ① "Learning that you have been appointed as chairman of the Student Association, I sincerely congratulate you."（应用文·祝贺信模板·appoint sb. as 任命某人为） 【搭配词块】 appoint sb. as/to be 任命某人为 / appointment n. 任命；约会 / make an appointment 预约 6. tend /tend/ vi. 倾向；趋于 vt. 照顾；照料 【核心考点】 tend一词二义：①vi. 倾向于(tend to do) ②vt. 照顾(tend to sb.)。tendency n. 趋势/倾向是派生考点。 【词根联想】 tend源自拉丁语tendere（伸展/倾向）。联想："朝某个方向伸展"→ 倾向于。同词根：extend（延伸）、attend（朝…去→参加/照顾）、intend（内心倾向→打算）。 【经典原句】 ① "People always tend to judge a person by his appearance."（经典原句·tend to do 往往会/倾向于） ② "The nurse tends my mother in the hospital every day."（熟词生义·tend=照顾/照料） 【搭配词块】 tend to do 往往会 / tend (to) sb. 照顾某人 / tendency n. 趋势/倾向 / have a tendency to do 有做…的倾向 7. principle /ˈprɪnsəpl/ n. 道德原则；法则；原则 【核心考点】 principle常出现在议论文和道德话题中，follow moral principles（遵循道德原则）是写作高频表达。 【词根联想】 prin-（第一/首要，primus的变体）+ cip（拿/取）+ -le（名词后缀）→ 首先拿的东西 → 基本原则。联想：同词根principal（首要的→校长）、prince（王子→第一人）。 【经典原句】 ① "Ordinary people tend to follow strong moral principles even when it is difficult."（经典原句·follow moral principles 遵循道德原则） 【搭配词块】 follow moral principles 遵循道德原则 / stick to one's principles 坚守原则 / against one's principles 违背某人的原则 8. replace /rɪˈpleɪs/ vt. 替代；取代 【核心考点】 replace A with B（用B替代A）和be replaced by（被…取代）是核心搭配。高考常考replace的被动语态。 【词根联想】 re-（重新）+ place（放置）→ 重新放置 → 替代。联想："把旧的换掉放新的"→ replace。 【经典原句】 ① "It is generally believed that teachers will never be replaced by computers in class."（经典原句·be replaced by 被取代） 【搭配词块】 replace A with B 用B替代A / be replaced by 被…取代 / replacement n. 替代品 / irreplaceable adj. 不可替代的 9. assist /əˈsɪst/ vt. 帮助；协助 【核心考点】 assist→assistance→assistant三级派生链；assist sb. in doing（帮助某人做）写作模板；come to one's assistance（帮助某人）见于2021新高考Ⅰ读后续写故事。 【词根联想】 as-（朝向）+ sist（站立）→ 站在某人旁边 → 帮助。联想：同词根insist（坚持站立→坚持）、consist（站在一起→组成）。 【经典原句】 ① "With the assistance of their father, the twins finally prepared a wonderful breakfast for their mother."（经典原句·基于2021新高考Ⅰ读后续写故事·assistance派生词） 【搭配词块】 assist sb. in doing 帮助某人做 / come to one's assistance 帮助某人 / assistance n. 帮助 / assistant n. 助手 10. harm /hɑːm/ n.&vt. 伤害；损害 【核心考点】 harm→harmful→harmless三级派生链；do harm to（对…有害）和be harmful to（对…有害）写作必备表达；There is no harm in doing（做…无妨）句型考点。 【词根联想】 源自古英语hearm（伤害/痛苦）。联想：harmful（有害的）；There is no harm in doing = 做某事无妨。 【经典原句】 ① "Being addicted to online games is harmful to our physical and mental health."（经典原句·be harmful to 对…有害） ② "There is no harm in admitting your mistakes — it shows strength, not weakness."（经典原句·There is no harm in doing 做…无害） 【搭配词块】 do harm to 对…有害 / be harmful to 对…有害 / harmless adj. 无害的 / There is no harm in doing 做…无妨 Part 4 词性变化总表 原词 派生词1 派生词2 派生词3 核心搭配 precious — — — a precious chance majority major minor minority the majority of respond response responsive — respond to reject rejection — — be rejected by appoint appointment appointed — appoint sb. as tend tendency — — tend to do principle principal — — follow moral principles replace replacement irreplaceable — replace A with B assist assistance assistant — assist sb. in doing harm harmful harmless harmfully do harm to Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 【练习题】 （2026山东济南·模拟）1. Life is full of ________ (preciously) moments that teach us about right and wrong. （2026广东广州·模拟）2. The vast ________ (major) of students in our school support the new policy. （2026广东广州·模拟）3. When I asked him for advice, he ________ (response) to me immediately with helpful suggestions. （2026湖北武汉·模拟）4. His application was ________ (rejection) by several universities before he finally got accepted. （2026江苏南京·模拟）5. She was ________ (appointment) as the head of the charity organization last month. （2026浙江杭州·模拟）6. People ________ (tendency) to judge others based on first impressions rather than facts. （2026四川成都·模拟）7. A person of strong moral ________ (principal) will always choose to do the right thing. （2026湖南长沙·模拟）8. Human teachers can never be fully ________ (replacement) by artificial intelligence. （2026四川成都·模拟）9. With the ________ (assist) of modern technology, doctors can now save more lives. （2026河南郑州·模拟）10. Too much screen time is ________ (harm) to children's eyesight and overall health. （2026河南郑州·模拟）11. The doctor's quick ________ (respond) to the emergency saved the patient's life. （2026安徽合肥·模拟）12. Despite many ________ (reject), she never gave up her dream of becoming a writer. （2026陕西西安·模拟）13. I have an important ________ (appoint) with the physician at three o'clock this afternoon. （2026辽宁沈阳·模拟）14. Volunteers ________ (assist) the elderly residents in the nursing home every weekend. （2026福建福州·模拟）15. There is no ________ (harmful) in admitting your mistakes — it shows strength, not weakness. 【答案】 1. precious 2. majority 3. responded 4. rejected 5. appointed 6. tend 7. principles 8. replaced 9. assistance 10. harmful 11. response 12. rejections 13. appointment 14. assist 15. harm 【逐题解析】 1. precious — 提示词preciously（副词），需转为形容词precious。precious moments = 珍贵时刻。 2. majority — 提示词major（形容词/名词），需转为名词majority。the vast majority of = 绝大多数。 3. responded — 提示词response（名词），需转为动词过去式responded。一般过去时。respond to = 回应。 4. rejected — 提示词rejection（名词），需转为过去分词rejected。被动语态。be rejected = 被拒绝。 5. appointed — 提示词appointment（名词），需转为过去分词appointed。被动语态。be appointed as = 被任命为。 6. tend — 提示词tendency（名词），需转为动词tend。一般现在时。tend to do = 往往会。 7. principles — 提示词principal（形容词/名词），需转为名词复数principles。moral principles = 道德原则。注意principle≠principal(校长)。 8. replaced — 提示词replacement（名词），需转为过去分词replaced。被动语态。be replaced by = 被取代。 9. assistance — 提示词assist（动词），需转为名词assistance。with the assistance of = 在…的帮助下。 10. harmful — 提示词harm（名词/动词），需转为形容词harmful。be harmful to = 对…有害。 11. response — 提示词respond（动词），需转为名词response。the doctor's quick response = 医生的快速反应。 12. rejections — 提示词reject（动词），需转为名词复数rejections。despite many rejections = 尽管多次被拒。 13. appointment — 提示词appoint（动词），需转为名词appointment。have an appointment with = 与…有约。 14. assist — 提示词assistance（名词），需转为动词assist。一般现在时。assist the elderly = 帮助老人。 15. harm — 提示词harmful（形容词），需转为名词harm。There is no harm in doing = 做…无妨。固定句型。 Part 6 知识点默写：根据汉语提示用所学单词的适当形式完成语篇 【练习题】 生活充满了__________（珍贵的）时刻。绝大__________（多数）人通过生活经历学习道德。面对批评时，我们如何__________（回应）反映了品格。 社会有时会__________（拒绝）想法不同的人。历史会__________（任命）意想不到的英雄——他们__________（倾向于）遵循坚定的道德__________（原则）。 科技永远无法__________（替代）善良。我们应该__________（帮助）有需要的人，避免__________（伤害）他人。 【答案】 precious; majority; respond; rejects; appoints; tend; principles; replace; assist; harm Part 7 关联阅读 Life offers us countless precious lessons that polish our character and guide our lifelong growth. The majority of these valuable lessons do not come from academic textbooks or formal schooling, but from the ups and downs of real life. When we are faced with various difficulties and unexpected challenges, the way we choose to respond directly mirrors our inner quality and true nature. In tough times, some people choose to maintain kindness and generosity, even when the cold reality seems to reject their sincerity and efforts completely. Life and history often appoint ordinary people as unexpected heroes. These people tend to abide by strict moral principles and stick to their conscience in daily life. They hold a firm belief that worldly material wealth can never replace inner peace, sincere friendship and spiritual satisfaction. They are always ready to assist people who are trapped in trouble and in need of help. Moreover, they firmly refuse to harm the interests and feelings of others. They never seek fame or fortune, and they insist on doing what is right, even if it may bring inconvenience or personal losses. These real-life experiences serve as the most powerful teachers, helping us build sound values and become more responsible and resilient individuals. 1. Where do the most valuable life lessons come from according to the passage? A. Professional textbooks and school education. B. Practical life experiences and hardships. C. Public speeches and famous sayings. D. Social awards and material success. 2. What can we learn about the ordinary heroes in the text? A. They seek high social status and great wealth. B. They stick to morality despite personal losses. C. They gain wide popularity for their kind deeds. D. They often make compromises in tough situations. 3. The word “replace” in Paragraph 2 most probably means ______. A. take the place of B. give up C. make up for D. rely on 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Material wealth cannot bring people happiness. B. Moral principles benefit interpersonal communication. C. Real-life experiences shape one’s personality and values. D. Persistence is the key to overcoming difficulties. 参考答案与高考标准解析 答案：1.B 2.B 3.A 4.C 第1题（细节理解题·高考高频）：根据文章首段“The majority of these valuable lessons do not come from academic textbooks or formal schooling, but from the ups and downs of real life”可知，人生最宝贵的经验并非来自书本，而是源于现实生活的经历与磨难。A项与原文相反，C、D项文中无提及，故选B。 第2题（推理判断题·高考核心）：根据第二段内容可知，平凡英雄坚守道德准则，不求名利，即便会承受个人损失，也始终坚守本心、行善助人。A、C、D项与原文表述相悖，故选B。 第3题（词义猜测题·高考必考）：文中“material wealth can never replace inner peace, sincere friendship and spiritual satisfaction”句意：物质财富永远无法取代内心的平静与真挚的精神满足。replace 意为“取代、替代”，与take the place of 同义，其余选项词义不符，故选A。 第4题（主旨大意题·压轴题型）：全文围绕核心展开：真实的人生经历带给我们宝贵启示，磨砺品性、塑造正确价值观。A、B、D仅为局部细节，无法概括全文主旨，故选C。 📖 本语篇覆盖的目标词汇：precious, majority, respond, reject, appoint, tend, principle, replace, assist, harm Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉 请根据英文写出对应汉语释义： 乐思英语 ·高考高频知识点 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. precious — __________ 2. majority — __________ 3. respond — __________ 4. reject — __________ 5. appoint — __________ 6. tend — __________ 7. principle — __________ 8. replace — __________ 9. assist — __________ 10. harm — __________ 11. response — __________ 12. rejection — __________ 13. appointment — __________ 14. tendency — __________ 15. assistance — __________ 16. harmful — __________ 17. major — __________ 18. tend (v.照顾) — __________ 19. replace A with B — __________ 20. harm (v.) — __________ 【参考答案】 1. 珍稀的；宝贵的 2. 大部分；大多数 3. 回答；响应；做出反应 4. 拒绝接受；不录用 5. 任命；委派 6. 倾向；趋于 / 照顾 7. 道德原则；法则；原则 8. 替代；取代 9. 帮助；协助 10. 伤害；损害 11. 答复；反应（名词） 12. 拒绝；否决（名词） 13. 任命；约会（名词） 14. 趋势；倾向（名词） 15. 帮助；协助（名词） 16. 有害的（形容词） 17. 主要的 / 主修 18. 照顾；照料（熟词生义） 19. 用B替代A 20. 伤害；损害（动词） Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级 同义转换：用本专题词汇替换下面句中的普通词，提升写作表达： 1. These old photos of my childhood are very valuable to me. → These old photos of my childhood are very ____________________ to me. 2. Most of the students in our school walk or cycle to class every day. → The ____________________ of the students in our school walk or cycle to class every day. 3. He didn't react to my question, which made me feel a little upset. → He didn't ____________________ to my question, which made me feel a little upset. 4. His ideas were completely turned down by the research team. → His ideas were completely ____________________ by the research team. 5. She was chosen as the leader of the volunteer group last week. → She was ____________________ as the leader of the volunteer group last week. 6. Young people are more likely to follow trends on social media. → Young people ____________________ to follow trends on social media. 7. We should always help those who are in trouble. → We should always ____________________ those who are in need of help. 8. Staying up late can damage your health in the long run. → Staying up late can do ____________________ to your health in the long run. 9. E-books can never completely take the place of the experience of reading a real book. → E-books can never completely ____________________ the experience of reading a real book. 10. A true leader always follows strong moral rules in life and work. → A true leader always follows strong moral ____________________ in life and work. 【答案】 1. precious 2. vast majority 3. respond 4. rejected 5. appointed 6. tend 7. assist 8. harm 9. replace 10. principles Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 遮挡提示，尝试用10个目标词复述下面这条记忆链： 记忆链：precious → majority → respond → reject → appoint → tend → principle → replace → assist → harm 复述模板（填空）： 生活充满了__________（珍贵的）时刻。绝大__________（多数）人通过经历学习道德。如何__________（回应）批评反映品格。社会有时__________（拒绝）异见者。历史__________（任命）英雄——他们__________（倾向于）遵循__________（原则）。科技无法__________（替代）善良。我们应__________（帮助）有需要的人，避免__________（伤害）。 你的复述： ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ 【自我检测答案】 填空答案：precious; majority; respond; rejects; appoints; tend; principles; replace; assist; harm 复述模板参考版本： Life is filled with precious moments that shape our character. The majority of people learn moral values through real experiences. When facing criticism, how we respond reveals our true nature. Society sometimes rejects those who think differently. Yet history appoints unexpected heroes — ordinary people who tend to follow strong moral principles. Technology can never replace human kindness. We should always assist those in need and avoid causing harm to others. $