内容正文:
专题03【语境串考点】第三单元备考学案(人教版2019)
高考高频知识点:diverse / admit / occur / claim / seek / escape / settle / financial / historical / select
学校:____________________ 姓名:____________________ 班级:__________ 座号:__________
目录
Part 1 语境串记语篇 2
Part 2 知识点列表 3
Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点 3
Part 4 词性变化总表 5
Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空 6
【参考答案】 7
Part 6 根据汉语提示填空 7
【参考答案】 8
Part 7 关联阅读 8
【参考答案】 9
【解析】 9
Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉 10
【参考答案】 10
Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级 11
【答案】 12
Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测 12
【自我检测答案】 12
复述模板参考版本: 12
Part 1 语境串记语篇
【英文语篇】
San Francisco is one of the most diverse cities in the United States. People from all over the world settle in its colourful neighbourhoods, each bringing unique food, music, and traditions. I must admit that when I first visited Chinatown and the Mission District, it never occurred to me that so many cultures could coexist in one city. Many immigrants came here to seek better opportunities and build new lives. Some claim that the city's energy comes from this mix of backgrounds. However, life is not always easy — newcomers often feel the need to escape loneliness by finding communities that share their language and customs.
Walking through the historical streets, you can see how each wave of immigrants has left its mark. The city's financial growth owes much to the entrepreneurial spirit of these communities. Local organisations carefully select events and festivals that celebrate this rich cultural mix. It is hard to admit that sometimes misunderstandings occur, but most residents agree that the benefits far outweigh the challenges. Those who seek a place where they can truly belong often find it here. As one resident put it, "I came to escape the ordinary — instead I found something extraordinary." Nowadays, researchers claim that diverse cities are more creative and innovative. Every year, new families settle here, adding their own stories to the city's never-ending tale. This historical journey of cultures reminds us that the whole world can feel like home if we know where to look.
【中文译文】
旧金山是美国最具多样性(diverse)的城市之一。来自世界各地的人们在它多彩的社区定居(settle),每个人都带来了独特的食物、音乐和传统。我必须承认(admit),当我第一次参观唐人街和米慎区时,我从未想到(occur)过这么多文化可以共存于一个城市。许多移民来这里寻找(seek)更好的机会,建立新的生活。一些人声称(claim)这座城市的活力正是来自这种背景的融合。然而,生活并不总是容易的——新来者常常需要逃避(escape)孤独,通过寻找与他们有共同语言和习俗的社区。
穿过历史(historical)悠久的街道,你可以看到每一次移民浪潮如何留下了印记。这座城市的金融(financial)发展很大程度上归功于这些社区的创业精神。当地组织精心挑选(select)庆祝这种丰富文化融合的活动和节日。我们不得不承认(admit)有时误解确实会发生(occur),但大多数居民都认为好处远远大于挑战。那些寻找(seek)一个真正归属之地的人往往在这里找到它。正如一位居民所说:"我来逃避(escape)平庸——结果我发现了非凡。"如今,研究人员声称(claim)多样性城市更具创造力和创新力。每年都有新的家庭在这里定居(settle),为这座城市永不完结的故事增添他们自己的篇章。这段历史(historical)文化之旅提醒我们,只要知道去哪里寻找,整个世界都可以像家一样。
记忆链:diverse → settle → admit → occur → seek → claim → escape → historical → financial → select
Part 2 知识点列表
序号
知识点
音标
词性 + 释义 + 高考考点
1
diverse
/daɪˈvɜːs/
adj. 不同的;多样的 ⚡2024新课标I卷
diversity n. 多样性 / diversify v. 使多样化
2
admit
/ədˈmɪt/
vt. 承认;准许进入 ⚡2022全国甲卷
admit doing 承认做 / be admitted to 被…录取
3
occur
/əˈkɜː(r)/
vi. 发生;出现 ⚡2023新课标I卷
It occurs to sb. that 某人突然想到 / occurrence n. 事件
4
claim
/kleɪm/
vt./n. 声称;要求 ⚡2024全国甲卷
claim to do 声称做 / make a claim 提出索赔
5
seek
/siːk/
vt. 寻找;寻求 ⚡2022新高考I卷
seek one's fortune 寻找出路 / seek to do 试图做
6
escape
/ɪˈskeɪp/
vi./vt. 逃跑;逃避 ⚡2021全国乙卷
escape from 从…逃跑 / a narrow escape 九死一生
7
settle
/ˈsetl/
vi./vt. 定居;解决 ⚡2023全国乙卷
settle down 定居 / settlement n. 定居点
8
financial
/faɪˈnænʃl/
adj. 财政的;金融的 ⚡2024九省联考
finance n. 金融 / financially adv. 财政上
9
historical
/hɪˈstɒrɪkl/
adj. 历史的 ⚡2022全国乙卷
historic adj. 有历史意义的 / history n. 历史
10
select
/sɪˈlekt/
vt. 选择;挑选 ⚡2023新课标II卷
select from 从…选择 / selection n. 选择
Part 3 词根拆解 · 联想记忆 · 高考考点
1. diverse
【核心考点】adj. 不同的;多种多样的
【词根联想】di-(分开)+ vers(转)+ e → 转向不同方向 → 多样的;联想 diversity(多样性)、diversify(使多样化)
【高考真题】(2024·新课标I卷·阅读理解D篇) 考查形容词用法:The research team included members from diverse cultural backgrounds, which greatly enriched the study.
【搭配词块】diverse cultures 多样的文化 / a diverse range of 各种各样的 / culturally diverse 文化多样的
【熟词生义】无
2. admit
【核心考点】vt. 承认;准许进入
【词根联想】ad-(向)+ mit(送)→ 送入 → 准许进入;引申为"承认";联想 admission(准许进入/承认)
【高考真题】(2022·全国甲卷·语法填空) 考查动词用法:He finally admitted making a mistake and apologised to the whole team.
【搭配词块】admit doing sth. 承认做某事 / be admitted to/into 被…录取 / admit defeat 认输
【熟词生义】admit 还有"容纳"之意,如:The hall admits 500 people. 这个大厅可容纳500人。
3. occur
【核心考点】vi. 发生;出现;(想法)浮现
【词根联想】oc-(向)+ cur(跑)→ 跑向 → 发生/出现;联想 occurrence(事件)、current(当前的)
【高考真题】(2023·新课标I卷·阅读理解C篇) 考查固定句型:It never occurred to the author that simple daily tasks could pose such great challenges for the elderly.
【搭配词块】It occurs to sb. that 某人突然想到 / occur to sb. (想法)浮现于脑海
【熟词生义】无
4. claim
【核心考点】vt./n. 声称;断言;索取
【词根联想】claim(喊叫)→ 大声喊出 → 声称/要求;联想 exclaim(呼喊)、proclaim(宣告)
【高考真题】(2024·全国甲卷·阅读理解B篇) 考查动词用法:Some researchers claim that spending time in nature can significantly reduce stress levels.
【搭配词块】claim to do 声称做某事 / make a claim 提出索赔 / claim one's attention 值得注意
【熟词生义】claim 还有"夺取(生命)"之意,如:The earthquake claimed thousands of lives. 地震夺走了数千人的生命。
5. seek
【核心考点】vt. 寻找;寻求;试图
【词根联想】seek(寻找)→ 同源词:beseech(恳求)、sake(缘由);seek-sought-sought
【高考真题】(2022·新高考I卷·七选五) 考查动词用法:Many young people leave their hometowns to seek better job opportunities in big cities.
【搭配词块】seek one's fortune 寻找出路 / seek to do 试图做 / seek help/advice 寻求帮助/建议
【熟词生义】无
6. escape
【核心考点】vi./vt. 逃跑;逃避;被遗忘
【词根联想】es-(出)+ cape(斗篷/遮盖)→ 脱掉斗篷 → 逃脱;联想 escapee(逃脱者)
【高考真题】(2021·全国乙卷·完形填空) 考查名词用法:For the patient, reading was a way to escape from the pain of her illness.
【搭配词块】escape from 从…逃跑 / a narrow escape 九死一生 / escape one's attention 被忽略
【熟词生义】escape 作名词意为"逃避现实的方式"。如:Reading is my escape. 阅读是我的逃避方式。
7. settle
【核心考点】vi./vt. 定居;解决;安顿
【词根联想】settle ← set(放置)+ -le(反复)→ 反复放置 → 安顿/定居;联想 settlement(定居点)
【高考真题】(2023·全国乙卷·语法填空) 考查动词短语:After years of travelling, they finally decided to settle down in a small coastal town.
【搭配词块】settle down 定居;平静下来 / settle in 安顿下来 / settle a problem 解决问题
【熟词生义】settle 还有"结账/付清"之意。如:Please settle your bill before leaving. 请离开前结清账单。
8. financial
【核心考点】adj. 财政的;金融的;经济的
【词根联想】finance(金融)+ -ial(形容词后缀)→ 金融的;联想 finance(金融 v./n.)、financially(经济上)
【高考真题】(2024·九省联考·阅读理解A篇) 考查形容词用法:The university offers financial aid to students who come from low-income families.
【搭配词块】financial crisis 金融危机 / financial support/aid 经济支持/资助 / financial burden 经济负担
【熟词生义】无
9. historical
【核心考点】adj. 历史的;与历史相关的
【词根联想】history(历史)+ -ical(形容词后缀)→ 历史的;区分 historic "有历史意义的" vs historical "与历史相关的"
【高考真题】(2022·全国乙卷·阅读理解D篇) 考查形容词辨析:The town is famous for its historical buildings, which attract thousands of tourists every year.
【搭配词块】historical site 历史遗址 / historical figures 历史人物 / historical records 历史记录
【熟词生义】注意与 historic 的区别:historic 指"有重大历史意义的",如 historic event 历史性事件。
10. select
【核心考点】vt. 选择;挑选
【词根联想】se-(分开)+ lect(选)→ 分开挑选 → 选择;联想 elect(选举)、collect(收集)、selection(选择)
【高考真题】(2023·新课标II卷·语法填空) 考查动词用法:The judges carefully selected three winners from over five hundred entries.
【搭配词块】select from 从…中选择 / carefully select 精心挑选 / a selected group 精选的一组
【熟词生义】select 作形容词意为"精选的;优等的"。如:a select club 高级俱乐部。
Part 4 词性变化总表
原词
派生词1
派生词2
派生词3
核心搭配
diverse
diversity
diversify
diversified
be diverse in
admit
admission
admittance
admittedly
admit to doing
occur
occurrence
recur
recurrence
It occurs to sb.
claim
claimant
disclaim
disclaimer
make a claim
seek
seeker
sought (pt.)
—
seek for
settle
settlement
settler
unsettled
settle down
financial
finance
financially
financier
financial aid
historical
history
historic
historian
historical records
select
selection
selective
selector
select from
escape
escapist
escapism
escapee
escape from
Part 5 语境复现练习 — 语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式:
1. (2023·新课标I卷·阅读理解改编) San Francisco is famous for its __________ (diversity) cultural landscape, attracting visitors from all over the world.
2. (2022·全国甲卷·语法填空改编) Walking through its streets, you have to __________ (admission) that every neighbourhood has its own unique character.
3. (2023·新课标I卷·语法填空改编) It never __________ (occurrence) to many tourists that the city was largely rebuilt after the 1906 earthquake.
4. (2021·全国乙卷·完形填空改编) Throughout history, people worldwide have come here to __________ (seeker) a better life and new opportunities.
5. (2026山东济南·模拟) Some historians __________ (claimed) that the Gold Rush of 1849 was the single most important event in the city's growth.
6. (2022·新高考I卷·语法填空改编) However, not everyone comes to stay — some come to __________ (escaping) from difficult situations in their home countries.
7. (2022·全国乙卷·完形填空改编) Most immigrants eventually __________ (settlement) into the rhythm of city life, though the process takes time.
8. (2024·九省联考·阅读理解改编) The city's __________ (finance) growth has created many jobs, but housing costs remain a serious challenge.
9. (2022·全国乙卷·阅读理解改编) Walking through the __________ (history) districts gives visitors a sense of the city's multicultural past.
10. (2026广东广州·模拟) Every year, the city council __________ (selection) a theme for the annual Cultural Heritage Festival.
11. (2021·全国甲卷·阅读理解D篇改编) The name of the first restaurant they visited __________ (escaping) them now, but the wonderful food remains unforgettable.
12 . (2023·新课标II卷·七选五改编) Experts agree that cultural __________ (diversify) makes a city more innovative and attractive to new businesses.
13. (2026湖北武汉·模拟) Some people __________ (claiming) that technology has helped preserve minority cultures that were at risk of disappearing.
14. (2023·全国乙卷·语法填空改编) Those who __________ (admission) their own cultural biases are more likely to build meaningful cross-cultural friendships.
15. (2026浙江杭州·模拟) The key to happiness is not about __________ (escaped) from challenges but about learning to grow through them.
【参考答案】
1. diverse (diversity → diverse, adj. 多样的)
2. admit (admission → admit, v. 承认)
3. occurred (occurrence → occurred, v. 发生/想到)
4. seek (seeker → seek, v. 寻找)
5. claim (claimed → claim, v. 声称)
6. escape (escaping → escape, v. 逃避)
7. settle (settlement → settle, v. 定居)
8. financial (finance → financial, adj. 金融的)
9. historical (history → historical, adj. 历史的)
10. selects (selection → selects, v. 选择)
11. escapes (escaping → escapes, v. 被遗忘)
12. diversity (diversify → diversity, n. 多样性)
13. claim (claiming → claim, v. 声称)
14. admit (admission → admit, v. 承认)
15. escaping (escaping → escaping, 动名词)
Part 6 根据汉语提示填空
根据括号内的汉语提示写出对应的英语单词:
1. This city has a __________ (多样的) population from over 100 countries.
2. He refused to __________ (承认) that he had made a serious mistake.
3. It suddenly __________ (想到) to me that I had left my keys at the office.
4. Many people __________ (声称) that social media harms real communication.
5. Young graduates often leave small towns to __________ (寻找) job opportunities in big cities.
6. For many people, reading is a way to __________ (逃避) from the stress of daily life.
7. After years of travelling, the family finally __________ (定居) in a quiet village.
8. The company offered him __________ (财政的) support to complete his project.
9. The museum displays many __________ (历史的) objects from the Qing Dynasty.
10. The teacher will __________ (挑选) three students to represent the school at the competition.
11. We should be proud of the cultural __________ (多样性) in our community.
12. The new policy will __________ (使多样化) the range of courses offered at universities.
13. She gave a full __________ (承认) of her mistake and sincerely apologised.
14. The city's rapid development __________ (发生) during the past two decades.
15. His application has been __________ (接受) by three top universities.
16. Her first novel was a huge success, so she now __________ (寻找出路) as a professional writer.
17. It was a very __________ (偶然的) meeting — neither of us had planned to be there.
18. The old building has great __________ (历史意义的) value to the local community.
19. The __________ (选择) of a new team leader will be made next Monday.
20. Walking through the old town, you can feel the rich __________ (历史的) atmosphere.
【参考答案】
1. diverse 2. admit 3. occurred 4. claim 5. seek 6. escape 7. settled 8. financial 9. historical 10. select 11. diversity 12. diversify 13. admission 14. occurred 15. admitted 16. seeks her fortune 17. occasional 18. historic 19. selection 20. historical
Part 7 关联阅读
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项:
The Power of Cultural Diversity in Modern Cities
In today's globalised world, the most successful cities are often the most diverse ones. These cities claim their strength from the mix of cultures, languages, and traditions that their residents bring. Urban planners now admit that cultural diversity is not just a social ideal but an economic necessity. When people from different backgrounds settle in the same neighbourhood, they bring financial energy and creative ideas that benefit everyone. However, this does not mean that challenges disappear — misunderstandings can occur when cultures clash, and some newcomers feel the urge to escape back into communities where everyone shares their background.
A study conducted by researchers at the University of California claims that immigrants who actively engage with different cultures show higher levels of creativity and problem-solving skills. "We did not expect the effects to be so significant," admitted Dr. Maria Gonzalez, the lead researcher. "People who seek out cross-cultural experiences tend to become more open-minded and adaptable." The researchers carefully selected 800 participants from 15 different ethnic backgrounds for the five-year study. It never occurred to them that language barriers would be less of a problem than they had assumed — most participants found creative ways to communicate.
The historical roots of multicultural cities are also worth noting. Take San Francisco as an example. During the Gold Rush, people from China, Italy, Ireland, and many other countries came to seek their fortune. This wave of immigration shaped the city's identity and created the vibrant neighbourhoods we see today. The financial contributions of these immigrant communities have been enormous — from small family-owned restaurants to major technology companies. Nevertheless, the city also faces serious challenges. Housing costs have forced many long-term residents to escape to cheaper areas, threatening the very diversity that made the city special in the first place.
So what can we learn from these cities? The answer seems clear: cultural diversity is not something to be merely tolerated — it should be actively celebrated and protected. As one community leader in the Mission District said, "When I first arrived, I wanted to escape the feeling of being an outsider. But once I learned to embrace the diversity around me, I found a sense of belonging I had never experienced before." Cities that understand this will be the ones that thrive in the decades to come.
1. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. San Francisco has the most diverse population in the world.
B. Cultural diversity brings both challenges and significant benefits to cities.
C. Immigrants should try to escape from diverse communities to avoid conflicts.
D. Technology companies have replaced small family-owned restaurants in diverse cities.
2. According to Dr. Maria Gonzalez, what unexpected finding did the study reveal?
A. Language barriers were the most difficult challenge for participants to overcome.
B. Most participants chose to leave diverse communities within the first year of the study.
C. Cross-cultural experiences significantly improve creativity and problem-solving skills.
D. Participants from similar backgrounds showed the highest levels of adaptability.
3. How did the Gold Rush contribute to San Francisco's development?
A. It limited the city's growth to only a few major industries.
B. It reduced the number of immigrants coming to the city in later decades.
C. It forced the government to close down Chinatown and the Mission District.
D. It attracted immigrants from various countries, creating a multicultural identity.
4. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Cultural diversity should be actively protected rather than just tolerated.
B. Most immigrants eventually decide to return to their home countries.
C. The feeling of being an outsider is impossible for immigrants to overcome.
D. Housing costs no longer affect the diversity of modern multicultural cities.
【参考答案】
1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A
【解析】
1. B 本题考查主旨大意。全文围绕文化多样性给城市带来的挑战与益处展开论述。第一段提出多样性是经济必需品,但也存在文化冲突;第二段通过加州大学研究说明多样性对创造力的促进作用;第三段以旧金山为例介绍多元文化的历史根源和现实挑战;第四段总结应积极保护和庆祝多样性。A项"旧金山人口最多样化"不是全文主旨;C项主张逃避多样性社区,与全文主旨相反;D项说科技公司已取代小型餐馆,全文未提及。
2. C 本题考查细节理解。由第二段 Dr. Maria Gonzalez 的话"We did not expect the effects to be so significant"以及后文"People who seek out cross-cultural experiences tend to become more open-minded and adaptable"可知,研究的意外发现是跨文化体验显著促进了创造力和问题解决能力。A项"语言障碍最困难"与原文"It never occurred to them that language barriers would be less of a problem"相反;B项说参与者离开多样性社区,与原文不符;D项原文未提及相似背景的人适应力最强。
3. D 本题考查细节理解。由第三段"During the Gold Rush, people from China, Italy, Ireland, and many other countries came to seek their fortune"以及"This wave of immigration shaped the city's identity"可知,淘金热吸引了各国移民来旧金山,形成了多元文化身份。A项说限制增长、B项说减少移民、C项说政府关闭唐人街,均与原文完全相反或未提及。
4. A 本题考查推理判断。由最后一段"cultural diversity is not something to be merely tolerated — it should be actively celebrated and protected"以及移民的话"once I learned to embrace the diversity around me, I found a sense of belonging"可推知,文化多样性应被积极保护而非仅仅容忍。B项说移民最终回国,原文未提及;C项说外来感无法克服,与原文相反;D项说住房成本不再影响多样性,与原文"forced many long-term residents to escape to cheaper areas"相反。
Part 8 复现知识点 — 英译汉
请根据英文写出对应汉语释义:
乐思英语 ·高考高频知识点
1
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
1. diverse — __________
2. admit — __________
3. occur — __________
4. claim — __________
5. seek — __________
6. escape — __________
7. settle — __________
8. financial — __________
9. historical — __________
10. select — __________
11. diversity — __________
12. admission — __________
13. occurrence — __________
14. settlement — __________
15. seek one's fortune — __________
16. escape from — __________
17. settle down — __________
18. historic — __________
19. selection — __________
20. finance (v.) — __________
【参考答案】
1. 不同的;多样的
2. 承认;准许进入
3. 发生;想到
4. 声称;要求
5. 寻找;寻求
6. 逃跑;逃避 / 逃避现实的方式(n.)
7. 定居;解决;安顿
8. 财政的;金融的
9. 历史的
10. 选择;挑选
11. 多样性(名词)
12. 承认;准许进入(名词)
13. 事件;发生(名词)
14. 定居点;解决(名词)
15. 寻找出路;碰运气
16. 从…逃跑
17. 定居;平静下来
18. 有历史意义的(形容词)
19. 选择;挑选(名词)
20. 为…提供资金
Part 9 写作运用 — 词汇升级
同义转换:用本专题词汇替换下面句中的普通词,提升写作表达:
1. The city is known for its many different cultural communities and festivals that attract tourists from around the world.
→ The city is known for its ____________________ cultural communities and festivals that attract tourists from around the world.
2. He finally said he was wrong about the importance of preserving old buildings in the city centre.
→ He finally ____________________ that he was wrong about the importance of preserving old buildings in the city centre.
3. It never came to my mind that learning about other cultures could be such an interesting and rewarding experience.
→ It never ____________________ to me that learning about other cultures could be such an interesting and rewarding experience.
4. Some experts say with confidence that travelling abroad is the best way to understand cultural differences.
→ Some experts ____________________ that travelling abroad is the best way to understand cultural differences.
5. Many young people leave their hometowns to look for better job opportunities and more exciting lives in big cities.
→ Many young people leave their hometowns to ____________________ better job opportunities and more exciting lives in big cities.
6. For some people, listening to music is a way to get away from the pressure and stress of daily urban life.
→ For some people, listening to music is a way to ____________________ from the pressure and stress of daily urban life.
7. After moving from city to city for ten years, they finally decided to stay and make their home in a small coastal town.
→ After moving from city to city for ten years, they finally decided to ____________________ in a small coastal town.
8. The government has provided money-related support to help small cultural businesses survive during difficult times.
→ The government has provided ____________________ support to help small cultural businesses survive during difficult times.
9. Walking through the old town, you can see many buildings that are important in history dating back to the Ming Dynasty.
→ Walking through the old town, you can see many ____________________ buildings dating back to the Ming Dynasty.
10. The organisers carefully chose and picked ten traditional performances for the opening ceremony of the festival.
→ The organisers carefully ____________________ ten traditional performances for the opening ceremony of the festival.
【答案】
1. diverse 2. admitted 3. occurred 4. claim 5. seek
6. escape 7. settle 8. financial 9. historical 10. selected
Part 10 语境串联复盘 — 自我检测
遮挡提示,尝试用10个目标词复述下面这条记忆链:
记忆链:diverse → admit → occur → claim → seek → escape → settle → financial → historical → select
复述模板(填空):
旧金山是最__________(多样的)城市之一。我必须__________(承认)我从没想到(__________)过这么多文化可以在此共存。许多移民来这里__________(寻找)机会。一些专家__________(声称)多样性带来活力。但新来者有时需要__________(逃避)孤独。经过努力,他们最终在此__________(定居)。政府提供__________(金融的)支持来帮助新移民。穿过__________(历史的)街道,你可以看到文化的痕迹。社区精心__________(挑选)庆祝多元文化的活动。
你的复述:
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
【自我检测答案】
填空答案:diverse; admit; occurred; seek; claim; escape; settle; financial; historical; select
复述模板参考版本:
San Francisco is one of the most diverse cities in the world. I must admit that it never occurred to me that so many cultures could coexist here. Many immigrants come to seek better opportunities. Some experts claim that diversity brings energy and creativity. However, newcomers sometimes need to escape loneliness by connecting with familiar communities. After hard work, they eventually settle in this city. The government provides financial support to help new immigrants start their businesses. Walking through the historical streets, you can see traces of different cultures everywhere. Communities carefully select events and activities that celebrate their multicultural heritage.
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