Unit 3 Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing （导学案）（含思维提升训练）英语人教版必修第三册

人教版必修第三册Unit 3 Diverse Cultures Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing 导学案 1.掌握Unit 3 Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing部分的重点单词和短语； √单词：collection、mild、settle、construction、suit、contain √短语：varieties of、be located in/ on、be home to、(at) first hand 2.能够综合运用本课时学到的短语和句型，完成一篇以“发现身边的多元文化”为主题的英文研学日记。 3.认识到不同传统与文化的融合能给一个城市带来独特的魅力，从而培养对多元文化的包容、尊重和欣赏态度。 1、 基础词汇记忆 1.________________ /pəˈsentɪdʒ/n. 百分率；百分比 2.________________ /ˈklaɪmət/n. 气候 3.________________ /məˈtɪəriəl/n. 材料；布料；素材 adj. 物质的；实际的 4.________________ /ˈkləʊðɪŋ/n. 衣服；服装 5.________________ /ˈhɜːbl/adj. 药草的；香草的 6.________________ 第一手；亲自 7.________________ /ˈaɪtəm/n. 项目；一件商品 (或物品)；一条 (新闻) 8.________________ /kənˈteɪn/ vt. 包含；含有；容纳 9.________________ /niːt/ adj. 极好的；整洁的；整齐的 【答案】 1.percentage 2.climate 3.material 4.clothing 5.herbal 6.(at) first hand 7.item 8.contain 9.neat 二、词块记忆 1.仅举几例 ________________ 2.第一手；亲自 ___________ 3.一年到头 / 全年 ___________ 4. 在……定居 ___________ 5.淘金热时期 ___________ 6. 变成 / 转化为 ___________ 7.……的大多数 ___________ 8. 流利地说英语 ___________ 9.真正体验……的风味/味道 ___________ 10.注意做某事 / 留心做某事 ___________ 【答案】 1. to name but a few 2.(at) first hand 3.all year round 4.settle in 5.gold rush period 6. turn into 7.the majority of... 8.speak English fluently 9.a real taste of... 10. take care to do sth. 【知识梳理1】collection n.作品集;收集物;收藏品;收集;收取;聚集 【词性转换】 collect v. 收集；募捐 【常用搭配】 make a collection for 为……募捐 a collection of 很多;一批 art / coin / stamp collections 艺术品/硬币/邮票收藏 【即学即练】 1. Often, only a small part of a museum's (collect) is on display. 2. collection of Yeat's poems is on sale. 3.The attraction of the Cloisters museum and gardens lies in the fact that its (collection) date from the Middle Ages. 【答案】1.collections 2.A 3.collections 【知识梳理2】mild adj.温和的;和善的;轻微的 【词性转换】 mildly adv.温和地;柔和地 【常用搭配】 mild climate/ weather温和的气候/天气 mild punishment轻微的惩罚 【即学即练】 1.“I think you' ve made a mistake, ” he said ( mild). 2.We' ve had (暖冬) this year. 3. He has (遭受轻微的心脏病发作)—— nothing too serious. 【答案】 1.mildly 2.a mild winter 3.suffered a mild heart attack 【知识梳理3】settle vi.定居；安家；停留 vt.使定居；安排；解决 【词性转换】 settlement n.定居点；协议；解决 settler n.移居者；殖民者 【常用搭配】 settle down (使)安定；安居；平静下来 settle in/into安顿下来；习惯于；适应 settle down to (doing) sth.开始认真(做)某事 【即学即练】 1.Having settled a beautiful village，he settles down to his research. 2.After a long discussion，the two sides reached a (settle). 【答案】1.in/into 2.settlement 【知识梳理4】construction n.[U]建筑；建设；[C]建筑物 【词性转换】 construct vt.建设；修建 【常用搭配】 be under construction正在建设中 = be being constructed 【即学即练】 1.My next work was (construct) a nest and anchor it in a tree. 2.The new airport construction lies in the east of the city. ＝The new airport (construct) lies in the east of the city. 【答案】1.to construct 2. under; being constructed 【知识梳理5】varieties of各种各样的 【词性转换】 vary v.变化 various adj. 各种各样的 variety n. 多样；种类 【常用搭配】 表示“各种各样的”的表达： varieties of = a variety of = various 【即学即练】 1.This (vary) of dog is very useful for hunting. 2.He is always coming late for class for (vary) reasons. 3.That farmer is always looking for new (variety) of wheat. 【答案】1. variety 2.various 3.varieties 【知识梳理6】suit vt.满足……需要；对……方便；适合；使适宜 n.西装；套装 【词性转换】 suitable adj.适合的 unsuitable adj.不适合的 【常用搭配】 suit sb.(fine)合某人的意；对某人很合适 suit sth.to sb./sth.使……适合某人/某物 be suitable for sb./sth.适合于某人/某物 be suitable to do sth.适合做某事 【即学即练】 1.This film is (suit) for people of all ages to watch. 2.These clothes are not suitable (wear) on formal occasions. 3.The young man tried to suit his performance the audience. 【答案】1.suitable 2. to wear 3.to 【知识梳理7】be located in/ on坐落于,位于 【词性转换】 locate vt.找出;把······设置在;使坐落于 location n.位置;场所 【常用搭配】 be located in/ on坐落于,位于(= lie in / on) 【即学即练】 1.Our office is located downtown Manhattan. 2. ( locate) in the central area, the price of the house is high. 3.It is a suitable ( locate) for a new school. 【答案】1.in 2.Located 3.location 【知识梳理8】be home to是......的栖息地/产地/家园 【常用搭配】 be the home of 是······的故乡/家 be/ feel at home感觉自在,不拘束 make yourself at home请自便,别拘束 home and abroad 国内外 【即学即练】 1.Tsinghua University, founded in1911, is home a great number of super figures. 2.Vienna is the home Mozart. 3.I feel home together with you and I'm very happy. 【答案】1.to 2.of 3.at 【知识梳理9】(at) first hand第一手；亲自 【常用搭配】 be close at hand近在咫尺 hand in上交；上缴 hand in hand手拉手 lend sb.a hand帮某人的忙 on the one hand...on the other hand... 一方面……另一方面…… 【即学即练】 1.You can （交上报告）in three days, so take your time. 2.When his relatives and friends turn to him for help, he is always willing to .（帮助他们） 3.  （一方面）, I would like to go to the cinema.  （另一方面）, I have no time to do that. 【答案】1.hand in the report 2. lend them a hand 3.On the one hand; On the other (hand) 【知识梳理10】contain vt.包含；容纳；容忍；控制，克制 【词性转换】 container n.容器；集装箱 【常用搭配】 contain oneself克制自己 【词义辨析】 单词 核心含义 用法特点 常用结构 contain 包含；含有；容纳；克制 1. 指包含全部内容2. 指含有成分、物质3. 可表示克制、抑制 contain sth. include 包含；包括 指作为整体中的一部分被包含 including sb./sth. sb./sth. included 【即学即练】 I don’t know how much oil is in this old (contain). [选词填空] contain / include 2.This little book all the information that you need. 3.I have to prepare food for seven people me. 【答案】1.container 2. contains 3.including 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1．She (collect) 3,000 stamps since last year. 2．Is the food (suit) for a southerner? 3．His speech draft (稿子) (settle) after many discussions and changes. 4．Cultural (diverse) makes our society more vibrant. 5．The festival celebrates (ethnic) traditions from all over the world. 6．The city’s culture has been shaped by generations of (immigrant). 7．What (percent) of babies died of this disease last year? 8．A wide variety of (souvenir) are on sale in the visitors’ center. 9．Try this with dragon and phoenix pictures. It is for you.(suit) 10．Don’t just waste your precious time; settle down to (read) or something meaningful. 【答案】 1.has collected 2.suitable 3.was settled 4.diversity 5.ethnic 6.immigrants 7.percentage 8.souvenirs 9.suitable 10.reading 2、 完成句子 1．Senior students should experience and learn about nature ________ (第一手). 2．In this grand restaurant, you can enjoy Chinese food that ________ (适合你的口味). 3．The tea store sells ________ (多种多样的) famous Chinese tea. 4．Skilled craftsmen use traditional techniques and materials to carefully ________ (修复古建筑) while maintaining their original features. 5．There are many places of interest in Hangzhou, such as West Lake, Qiandao Lake and Lingyin Temple, _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ (仅举几例). 6．We need to give kids a chance to learn about the world at ________ ________ (亲自)。 7．The new airport ________ (正在建设中) lies in the east of the city. 8．They were pleased to see their daughter ________ (定居) and get married. 【答案】 1．at first hand 2．suits your taste 3．a variety of / varieties of 4．restore ancient constructions 5．to name but a few 6．first hand 7．under construction 8．settle down 三、语法填空 The Chinatown in San Francisco is the 1 ( big) in America. It is a very popular tourist draw 2 receives many visitors each year.3 ( historical), Chinese immigrants settled 4 the area during the railroad construction and gold rush period. Now the5 ( major) of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese. Most of Chinatown 6 ( destroy) in the 1906 earthquake, 7 the city and residents rebuilt it, 8 ( take) care to include lots of Chinese architecture. There are many famous sites in Chinatown, including the Tin How Temple, Bank of Canton and Portsmouth Square, 9 ( name) but a few. People can find a unique range of souvenirs, goods, and clothing in the stores in the Chinatown. Many people treasure Chinatown because of its food with 10 ;( tradition) dishes from all over China. 【答案】 1.biggest 2.that/which 3.Historically 4.in 5. majority 6.was destroyed 7.but 8.taking 9.to name 10.traditional 1、 阅读理解 A On New Year’s Day, many people eat special food for good luck. In Spain, people eat twelve grapes at midnight on New Year’s Eve — One grape for good luck in each month of the new year. During the Spring Festival, Chinese people eat dumplings. Sometimes people put a coin (硬币) in one of the dumplings. Everyone hopes to find the coin for luck in the new year. Of course they don’t eat it. In the south of China, people make rice cakes for New Year. People call rice cakes “Nian Gao”. It means “getting better year after year”. Japanese eat noodles on New Year’s Eve and on their birthdays. They think noodles may bring them good luck and long life. The food may be different in each country, but the meaning is the same. People hope the food will bring them luck and fun in the coming year. 1．Why do people in Spain eat twelve grapes on New Year’s Eve? A．Because grapes are delicious. B．Because twelve is a lucky number. C．Because they want good luck all year round. D．Because there are twelve months in a year. 2．The underlined word “it” refers to “ ”. A．dumpling B．coin C．luck D．rice 3．What does the writer want to tell us in the second paragraph? A．How to make dumplings. B．Chinese people like eating dumplings. C．Chinese people eat dumplings and Nian Gao during the Spring Festival. D．Nian Gao is people’s favorite food. 4．People hope that will bring them good luck. A．money B．coin C．gift D．food 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了西班牙、中国、日本等不同国家在新年期间吃的特色食物，虽然食物各不相同，但人们都希望这些食物能带来好运和快乐。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“In Spain, people eat twelve grapes at midnight on New Year’s Eve — One grape for good luck in each month of the new year.(在西班牙，人们在新年前夜午夜吃12颗葡萄——一颗葡萄代表新一年每个月的好运)”可知，西班牙人吃12颗葡萄是因为想要一整年都有好运。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Sometimes people put a coin in one of the dumplings. Everyone hopes to find the coin for luck in the new year. Of course they don’t eat it.(有时人们会在其中一个饺子里放一枚硬币。每个人都希望找到硬币以求新年好运。当然他们不会吃它)”可知，人们只是希望找到硬币，不会吃掉硬币，it指代的是前面提到的coin。故选B。 3．主旨大意题。根据第二段“During the Spring Festival, Chinese people eat dumplings.(春节期间，中国人吃饺子)”和“In the south of China, people make rice cakes for New Year.(在中国南方，人们过年做年糕)”可知，本段主要介绍中国人春节吃饺子和年糕。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The food may be different in each country, but the meaning is the same. People hope the food will bring them luck and fun in the coming year.(每个国家的食物可能不同，但含义是一样的。人们希望食物能在来年给他们带来好运和乐趣)”可知，人们希望食物能带来好运。故选D。 B Why move to a city? And why leave? Urban centers today see this for many reasons — the economy, crowds, lifestyle considerations, air quality, and some odd diseases perhaps. The earliest cities worldwide were born of country folk. Farmers were reliant on land-extensive economies, which encouraged them to live and spread out across the landscape in small settlements, to minimize the travel time and costs between their residences and farm plots. Then as now, though, city living was more expensive in all the ways: greater chance of crowd diseases, more competition for resources, and rising levels of systemic inequality. And astonishingly, farmers still chose to bear these costs. What happened? That question has been the source of a long-standing debate, according to Douglas Kennett, who has conducted extensive research into urbanization in Classic Maya cities. “We determined that the rise and expansion of Classic Maya cities resulted from the interaction of climate downturns, intergroup conflict, and the presence of strong economies of scale realized through capital investments in agricultural systems,” Kennett says. Using that same framework, Kennett and other researchers also determined that deurbanization set in “when the benefits of urban living no longer outweighed the costs, as environments were degraded (恶化) in cities and better climate improved the livability of rural areas where people would have more freedom and autonomy”. Indeed, the team’s initial interest was centered on the role of climate change in the decline of Classic Maya cities. “We also capitalized on major developments in computational modeling,” Kennett says. “The biggest surprise for me was that the abandonment of cities occurred under improving climatic conditions.We have long thought that the decline of Classic Maya cities partially resulted from an extended period of drought. It turns out to be a much more complicated and interesting story.” All told, the new work offers critical insights for understanding and managing contemporary and future urban evolution by establishing timeless, universal principles about how populations concentrate and spread out. 1．Why did early farmers live in small settlements? A．To escape from disasters and diseases. B．To enjoy a comfortable urban lifestyle. C．To boost the development of economies. D．To manage agricultural work efficiently. 2．What puzzle is presented about early city life in paragraph 3? A．Farmers were forced to move into cities. B．Cities failed to offer proper accommodations. C．Farmers willingly faced urban challenges. D．Rural life was more expensive than urban life. 3．What caused the decline of Classic Maya cities according to Kennett? A．The long period of water shortage. B．The increased appeal of rural life. C．The limitation to residents’ freedom. D．The collapse of agricultural systems. 4．What is the significance of the new research? A．It clarifies Classic Maya cities’ history. B．It proves climate’s role in urban decline. C．It offers general rules for urban evolution. D．It develops a computational modeling way. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章围绕城市的兴起与衰落展开，以玛雅古典时期城市的城市化与去城市化进程为研究对象，探讨人口选择进入或离开城市的核心逻辑。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Farmers were reliant on land-extensive economies, which encouraged them to live and spread out across the landscape in small settlements, to minimize the travel time and costs between their residences and farm plots.(农民依赖的是大规模的土地经济模式，这种模式促使他们分散居住在广阔地域内的小型定居点，以减少居住地与农田之间的往返时间和成本)”可知，早期农民住在小型定居点是为了缩短住所与农田之间的出行时间、降低成本，本质是为了更高效地打理农活，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Then as now, though, city living was more expensive in all the ways: greater chance of crowd diseases, more competition for resources, and rising levels of systemic inequality. And astonishingly, farmers still chose to bear these costs. What happened?(尽管如今的情况依旧如此，但城市生活在各个方面都更加昂贵：更容易传播群体性疾病、对资源的竞争更激烈、社会不平等程度也在不断上升。而令人惊讶的是，农民仍然选择承受这些代价。发生了什么？)”可知，城市生活成本更高、更容易爆发传染病、资源竞争更激烈、不平等问题更严重，但农民依然主动选择承担这些成本进入城市，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Using that same framework, Kennett and other researchers also determined that deurbanization set in “when the benefits of urban living no longer outweighed the costs, as environments were degraded (恶化) in cities and better climate improved the livability of rural areas where people would have more freedom and autonomy”.(基于同样的理论框架，Kennett和其他研究人员还确定，当“城市生活的益处不再超过其成本，因为城市环境恶化，而更好的气候改善了农村地区的宜居性（使人们能拥有更多的自由和自主权）”时，城市化进程就会逆转)”可知，玛雅城市衰落的原因是城市环境恶化，同时气候改善提升了农村的宜居性，农村能给人们更多自由自主权，也就是农村吸引力上升了。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“All told, the new work offers critical insights for understanding and managing contemporary and future urban evolution by establishing timeless, universal principles about how populations concentrate and spread out.(总的来说，这项新研究通过确立关于人口如何聚集和分散的永恒、普遍原则，为理解并管理当代及未来的城市发展提供了关键性的见解)”可知，这项新研究建立了关于人口聚集与分散的永恒普遍原则，为理解和处理当代、未来的城市发展提供了关键思路，对应C选项“为城市演化提供了通用规律”，故选C。 七选五 Traditional festivals are an important part of Chinese culture. 1 So it’s high time we protected and maintained them. Traditional festivals teach us a lot about our nation’s history. The Dragon Boat Festival, for example, is celebrated in honour of Qu Yuan, a great poet living in ancient China. 2 Promoting traditional festivals helps spread knowledge about national history. 3 Many festivals, such as the Mid-Autumn Festival, have a caring, family-centred message at their heart. The full moon at the festival is considered to stand for family reunion, and family members will come back home even if they live far away. With the celebrations of these festivals, younger generations learn to honour fine Chinese values. Finally, traditional festivals are a source of national pride and help shape our sense of national identity (身份，同一性). For example, we celebrate the Hanshi Festival and the Laba Festival with unique customs, and these shared experiences bring us together as a people (民族). 4 Traditional festivals have been passed down to us from previous generations. 5 A．Some will get together, appreciating the full moon. B．It is our responsibility to protect them for the coming generations. C．Memorising national history helps us with our all-round development. D．Traditional festivals also enable us to learn more about fine Chinese values. E．Traditional festivals tell us who we are and fill us with pride in being Chinese. F．However, many traditional festivals are becoming less and less popular in modern society. G．By celebrating it with zongzi and dragon boat races, the story of Qu Yuan is passed down from generation to generation. 【答案】1．F 2．G 3．D 4．E 5．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了传统节日是中华文化重要部分，助我们了解历史、传承美德、增强民族认同感，我们应保护传承它们。 1．根据下文“So it’s high time we protected and maintained them.(所以现在正是我们保护和维护它们的时候了)”可知，后文提到需要保护和维护，推测空格处应说明传统节日的现状，F项“然而，在现代社会，许多传统节日越来越不受欢迎”符合语境。故选F。 2．根据上文“The Dragon Boat Festival, for example, is celebrated in honour of Qu Yuan, a great poet living in ancient China.(例如，端午节就是为了纪念屈原而设立的，屈原是古代中国一位杰出的诗人)”可知，上文给出了端午节的例子，空格处应说明端午节是如何纪念屈原的，G项“通过吃粽子和赛龙舟来庆祝，屈原的故事代代相传”符合语境。故选G。 3．根据下文“With the celebrations of these festivals, younger generations learn to honour fine Chinese values.(通过这些节日的庆祝活动，年轻一代逐渐学会了尊崇优秀的中国价值观)”可知，后文说明了节日的价值，空格处应说明传统节日与中华美德的关系，D项“传统节日也让我们更多地了解中华美德”符合语境。故选D。 4．根据上文“Finally, traditional festivals are a source of national pride and help shape our sense of national identity (身份，同一性).(最后，传统节日是民族自豪感的来源，并且有助于塑造我们的民族认同感)”可知，上文说明了传统节日有助于塑造我们的民族认同感，空格处应说明传统节日与民族身份的关系，E项“传统节日告诉我们我们是谁，让我们为自己是中国人而感到自豪”符合语境。故选E。 5．根据上文“Traditional festivals have been passed down to us from previous generations.(传统节日是我们从先辈那里传承下来的)”可知，上文提到传统节日的传承情况，空格处应说明我们对于传统节日应尽的责任，B项“保护它们，为子孙后代造福，是我们的责任”符合语境。故选B。 2、 思维提升-观点分享 我们的城市往往汇聚了来自四面八方的人们和文化。请同桌两人为一组，思考并讨论一个你最喜欢的、能体现“多元文化融合”的地方（可以是一条历史风情街、一个国际化社区，或者是一家融合菜餐厅）。 讨论要点： 1.这个地方在哪里？那里有什么特色（建筑、美食、气候等）？ 2.在那里亲身体验不同文化，给你带来了什么感受？ 3.你认为这些不同传统的融合，给我们的城市带来了怎样的魅力？ 【答案】 My favorite place that shows cultural fusion is the Old Street. It is located in the center of our city. The climate here is usually mild, so it's always a good time to visit. The street is very special because it has a great collection of old constructions in both Chinese and Western styles. In the past, people from different backgrounds settled here, making it a very diverse neighborhood. Today, it is home to many foreigners and locals. You can find varieties of restaurants there, and the food can definitely suit everyone’s taste. I love going there because I can experience different cultures first hand. This street contains so much history and life. I think this mixing of different traditions gives our city a unique and open-minded charm. It teaches us to respect and appreciate different cultures. 3、 思维提升-书面表达 假设你的学校本周组织了一次名为“发现身边的多元文化”的研学活动。请你写一篇英文研学日记。 【内容要点】 1.简述你们前往的目的地及最初的感受； 2.描述你在该地的多元文化体验（如历史变迁、特色建筑、不同族群的饮食或艺术等）； 3.总结这种文化融合给城市或个人带来的积极影响。 请同学们根据自己的实际情况，选择A层或B层完成。 ▶ A层作业（基础篇） 任务要求：根据括号内的中文提示和本课所学的目标词汇/短语，将这篇研学日记补充完整。 Saturday, 23 October This morning, my classmates and I went to a famous historical street. It 1. __________________ (位于) the center of our city. The weather was very 2. ____________ (温和的) today. We learned that many people from different countries 3. ____________ (定居) here in the past. Now, this area 4. __________________ (是……的家园) people from different cultural backgrounds. We experienced the local culture 5. __________________ (亲身体验地) and saw a great 6. ____________ (聚集/收藏) of old 7. ____________ (建筑物). The street 8. ____________ (包含) 9. __________________ (各种各样的) food, which can definitely 10. ____________ (适合) everyone's taste. I realize that the mixing of different cultures gives our city its unique charm. We should always respect and appreciate the diverse cultures around us. ▶ B层作业（提升篇） 写作任务： 独立撰写一篇80-100词的研学日记。 【答案】 A层 1.is located in 2.mild 3.settled 4.is home to 5.(at) first hand 6.collection 7.constructions 8.contains 9.varieties of 10.suit B层 Saturday, 23 October This morning, my classmates and I went to a famous historical street. It is located in the center of our city. The climate was mild today, making it a perfect day to explore. We learned that many people from different countries settled here in the past. Now, this area is home to people from different cultural backgrounds. We experienced the local culture first hand and saw a great collection of old constructions . The street contains varieties of local dishes, which can definitely suit everyone's taste. I realize that the mixing of different traditions has brought about the unique charm of our city. Experiencing this makes me believe that we should always keep an open mind to respect, appreciate, and embrace the diverse cultures around us. 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 人教版必修第三册Unit 3 Diverse Cultures Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing 导学案 1.掌握Unit 3 Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing部分的重点单词和短语； √单词：collection、mild、settle、construction、suit、contain √短语：varieties of、be located in/ on、be home to、(at) first hand 2.能够综合运用本课时学到的短语和句型，完成一篇以“发现身边的多元文化”为主题的英文研学日记。 3.认识到不同传统与文化的融合能给一个城市带来独特的魅力，从而培养对多元文化的包容、尊重和欣赏态度。 1、 基础词汇记忆 1.________________ /pəˈsentɪdʒ/n. 百分率；百分比 2.________________ /ˈklaɪmət/n. 气候 3.________________ /məˈtɪəriəl/n. 材料；布料；素材 adj. 物质的；实际的 4.________________ /ˈkləʊðɪŋ/n. 衣服；服装 5.________________ /ˈhɜːbl/adj. 药草的；香草的 6.________________ 第一手；亲自 7.________________ /ˈaɪtəm/n. 项目；一件商品 (或物品)；一条 (新闻) 8.________________ /kənˈteɪn/ vt. 包含；含有；容纳 9.________________ /niːt/ adj. 极好的；整洁的；整齐的 二、词块记忆 1.仅举几例 ________________ 2.第一手；亲自 ___________ 3.一年到头 / 全年 ___________ 4. 在……定居 ___________ 5.淘金热时期 ___________ 6. 变成 / 转化为 ___________ 7.……的大多数 ___________ 8. 流利地说英语 ___________ 9.真正体验……的风味/味道 ___________ 10.注意做某事 / 留心做某事 ___________ 【知识梳理1】collection n.作品集;收集物;收藏品;收集;收取;聚集 【词性转换】collect v. 收集；募捐 【常用搭配】 make a collection for 为……募捐 a collection of 很多;一批 art / coin / stamp collections 艺术品/硬币/邮票收藏 【即学即练】 1. Often, only a small part of a museum's (collect) is on display. 2. collection of Yeat's poems is on sale. 3.The attraction of the Cloisters museum and gardens lies in the fact that its (collection) date from the Middle Ages. 【知识梳理2】mild adj.温和的;和善的;轻微的 【词性转换】mildly adv.温和地;柔和地 【常用搭配】 mild climate/ weather温和的气候/天气 mild punishment轻微的惩罚 【即学即练】 1.“I think you' ve made a mistake, ” he said ( mild). 2.We' ve had (暖冬) this year. 3. He has (遭受轻微的心脏病发作)—— nothing too serious. 【知识梳理3】settle vi.定居；安家；停留 vt.使定居；安排；解决 【词性转换】settlement n.定居点；协议；解决 settler n.移居者；殖民者 【常用搭配】 settle down (使)安定；安居；平静下来 settle in/into安顿下来；习惯于；适应 settle down to (doing) sth.开始认真(做)某事 【即学即练】 1.Having settled a beautiful village，he settles down to his research. 2.After a long discussion，the two sides reached a (settle). 【知识梳理4】construction n.[U]建筑；建设；[C]建筑物 【词性转换】construct vt.建设；修建 【常用搭配】 be under construction正在建设中 = be being constructed 【即学即练】 1.My next work was (construct) a nest and anchor it in a tree. 2.The new airport construction lies in the east of the city. ＝The new airport (construct) lies in the east of the city. 【知识梳理5】varieties of各种各样的 【词性转换】vary v.变化 various adj. 各种各样的 variety n. 多样；种类 【常用搭配】 表示“各种各样的”的表达： varieties of = a variety of = various 【即学即练】 1.This (vary) of dog is very useful for hunting. 2.He is always coming late for class for (vary) reasons. 3.That farmer is always looking for new (variety) of wheat. 【知识梳理6】suit vt.满足……需要；对……方便；适合；使适宜 n.西装；套装 【词性转换】suitable adj.适合的 unsuitable adj.不适合的 【常用搭配】 suit sb.(fine)合某人的意；对某人很合适 suit sth.to sb./sth.使……适合某人/某物 be suitable for sb./sth.适合于某人/某物 be suitable to do sth.适合做某事 【即学即练】 1.This film is (suit) for people of all ages to watch. 2.These clothes are not suitable (wear) on formal occasions. 3.The young man tried to suit his performance the audience. 【知识梳理7】be located in/ on坐落于,位于 【词性转换】locate vt.找出;把······设置在;使坐落于 location n.位置;场所 【常用搭配】 be located in/ on坐落于,位于(= lie in / on) 【即学即练】 1.Our office is located downtown Manhattan. 2. ( locate) in the central area, the price of the house is high. 3.It is a suitable ( locate) for a new school. 【知识梳理8】be home to是......的栖息地/产地/家园 【常用搭配】 be the home of 是······的故乡/家 be/ feel at home感觉自在,不拘束 make yourself at home请自便,别拘束 home and abroad 国内外 【即学即练】 1.Tsinghua University, founded in1911, is home a great number of super figures. 2.Vienna is the home Mozart. 3.I feel home together with you and I'm very happy. 【知识梳理9】(at) first hand第一手；亲自 【常用搭配】 be close at hand近在咫尺 hand in上交；上缴 hand in hand手拉手 lend sb.a hand帮某人的忙 on the one hand...on the other hand... 一方面……另一方面…… 【即学即练】 1.You can （交上报告）in three days, so take your time. 2.When his relatives and friends turn to him for help, he is always willing to .（帮助他们） 3.  （一方面）, I would like to go to the cinema.  （另一方面）, I have no time to do that. 【知识梳理10】contain vt.包含；容纳；容忍；控制，克制 【词性转换】container n.容器；集装箱 【常用搭配】 contain oneself克制自己 【词义辨析】 单词 核心含义 用法特点 常用结构 contain 包含；含有；容纳；克制 1. 指包含全部内容2. 指含有成分、物质3. 可表示克制、抑制 contain sth. include 包含；包括 指作为整体中的一部分被包含 including sb./sth. sb./sth. included 【即学即练】 I don’t know how much oil is in this old (contain). [选词填空] contain / include 2.This little book all the information that you need. 3.I have to prepare food for seven people me. 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1．She (collect) 3,000 stamps since last year. 2．Is the food (suit) for a southerner? 3．His speech draft (稿子) (settle) after many discussions and changes. 4．Cultural (diverse) makes our society more vibrant. 5．The festival celebrates (ethnic) traditions from all over the world. 6．The city’s culture has been shaped by generations of (immigrant). 7．What (percent) of babies died of this disease last year? 8．A wide variety of (souvenir) are on sale in the visitors’ center. 9．Try this with dragon and phoenix pictures. It is for you.(suit) 10．Don’t just waste your precious time; settle down to (read) or something meaningful. 2、 完成句子 1．Senior students should experience and learn about nature ________ (第一手). 2．In this grand restaurant, you can enjoy Chinese food that ________ (适合你的口味). 3．The tea store sells ________ (多种多样的) famous Chinese tea. 4．Skilled craftsmen use traditional techniques and materials to carefully ________ (修复古建筑) while maintaining their original features. 5．There are many places of interest in Hangzhou, such as West Lake, Qiandao Lake and Lingyin Temple, _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ (仅举几例). 6．We need to give kids a chance to learn about the world at ________ ________ (亲自)。 7．The new airport ________ (正在建设中) lies in the east of the city. 8．They were pleased to see their daughter ________ (定居) and get married. 三、语法填空 The Chinatown in San Francisco is the 1 ( big) in America. It is a very popular tourist draw 2 receives many visitors each year.3 ( historical), Chinese immigrants settled 4 the area during the railroad construction and gold rush period. Now the5 ( major) of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese. Most of Chinatown 6 ( destroy) in the 1906 earthquake, 7 the city and residents rebuilt it, 8 ( take) care to include lots of Chinese architecture. There are many famous sites in Chinatown, including the Tin How Temple, Bank of Canton and Portsmouth Square, 9 ( name) but a few. People can find a unique range of souvenirs, goods, and clothing in the stores in the Chinatown. Many people treasure Chinatown because of its food with 10 ;( tradition) dishes from all over China. 1、 阅读理解 A On New Year’s Day, many people eat special food for good luck. In Spain, people eat twelve grapes at midnight on New Year’s Eve — One grape for good luck in each month of the new year. During the Spring Festival, Chinese people eat dumplings. Sometimes people put a coin (硬币) in one of the dumplings. Everyone hopes to find the coin for luck in the new year. Of course they don’t eat it. In the south of China, people make rice cakes for New Year. People call rice cakes “Nian Gao”. It means “getting better year after year”. Japanese eat noodles on New Year’s Eve and on their birthdays. They think noodles may bring them good luck and long life. The food may be different in each country, but the meaning is the same. People hope the food will bring them luck and fun in the coming year. 1．Why do people in Spain eat twelve grapes on New Year’s Eve? A．Because grapes are delicious. B．Because twelve is a lucky number. C．Because they want good luck all year round. D．Because there are twelve months in a year. 2．The underlined word “it” refers to “ ”. A．dumpling B．coin C．luck D．rice 3．What does the writer want to tell us in the second paragraph? A．How to make dumplings. B．Chinese people like eating dumplings. C．Chinese people eat dumplings and Nian Gao during the Spring Festival. D．Nian Gao is people’s favorite food. 4．People hope that will bring them good luck. A．money B．coin C．gift D．food B Why move to a city? And why leave? Urban centers today see this for many reasons — the economy, crowds, lifestyle considerations, air quality, and some odd diseases perhaps. The earliest cities worldwide were born of country folk. Farmers were reliant on land-extensive economies, which encouraged them to live and spread out across the landscape in small settlements, to minimize the travel time and costs between their residences and farm plots. Then as now, though, city living was more expensive in all the ways: greater chance of crowd diseases, more competition for resources, and rising levels of systemic inequality. And astonishingly, farmers still chose to bear these costs. What happened? That question has been the source of a long-standing debate, according to Douglas Kennett, who has conducted extensive research into urbanization in Classic Maya cities. “We determined that the rise and expansion of Classic Maya cities resulted from the interaction of climate downturns, intergroup conflict, and the presence of strong economies of scale realized through capital investments in agricultural systems,” Kennett says. Using that same framework, Kennett and other researchers also determined that deurbanization set in “when the benefits of urban living no longer outweighed the costs, as environments were degraded (恶化) in cities and better climate improved the livability of rural areas where people would have more freedom and autonomy”. Indeed, the team’s initial interest was centered on the role of climate change in the decline of Classic Maya cities. “We also capitalized on major developments in computational modeling,” Kennett says. “The biggest surprise for me was that the abandonment of cities occurred under improving climatic conditions.We have long thought that the decline of Classic Maya cities partially resulted from an extended period of drought. It turns out to be a much more complicated and interesting story.” All told, the new work offers critical insights for understanding and managing contemporary and future urban evolution by establishing timeless, universal principles about how populations concentrate and spread out. 1．Why did early farmers live in small settlements? A．To escape from disasters and diseases. B．To enjoy a comfortable urban lifestyle. C．To boost the development of economies. D．To manage agricultural work efficiently. 2．What puzzle is presented about early city life in paragraph 3? A．Farmers were forced to move into cities. B．Cities failed to offer proper accommodations. C．Farmers willingly faced urban challenges. D．Rural life was more expensive than urban life. 3．What caused the decline of Classic Maya cities according to Kennett? A．The long period of water shortage. B．The increased appeal of rural life. C．The limitation to residents’ freedom. D．The collapse of agricultural systems. 4．What is the significance of the new research? A．It clarifies Classic Maya cities’ history. B．It proves climate’s role in urban decline. C．It offers general rules for urban evolution. D．It develops a computational modeling way. 七选五 Traditional festivals are an important part of Chinese culture. 1 So it’s high time we protected and maintained them. Traditional festivals teach us a lot about our nation’s history. The Dragon Boat Festival, for example, is celebrated in honour of Qu Yuan, a great poet living in ancient China. 2 Promoting traditional festivals helps spread knowledge about national history. 3 Many festivals, such as the Mid-Autumn Festival, have a caring, family-centred message at their heart. The full moon at the festival is considered to stand for family reunion, and family members will come back home even if they live far away. With the celebrations of these festivals, younger generations learn to honour fine Chinese values. Finally, traditional festivals are a source of national pride and help shape our sense of national identity (身份，同一性). For example, we celebrate the Hanshi Festival and the Laba Festival with unique customs, and these shared experiences bring us together as a people (民族). 4 Traditional festivals have been passed down to us from previous generations. 5 A．Some will get together, appreciating the full moon. B．It is our responsibility to protect them for the coming generations. C．Memorising national history helps us with our all-round development. D．Traditional festivals also enable us to learn more about fine Chinese values. E．Traditional festivals tell us who we are and fill us with pride in being Chinese. F．However, many traditional festivals are becoming less and less popular in modern society. G．By celebrating it with zongzi and dragon boat races, the story of Qu Yuan is passed down from generation to generation. 2、 思维提升-观点分享 我们的城市往往汇聚了来自四面八方的人们和文化。请同桌两人为一组，思考并讨论一个你最喜欢的、能体现“多元文化融合”的地方（可以是一条历史风情街、一个国际化社区，或者是一家融合菜餐厅）。 讨论要点： 1.这个地方在哪里？那里有什么特色（建筑、美食、气候等）？ 2.在那里亲身体验不同文化，给你带来了什么感受？ 3.你认为这些不同传统的融合，给我们的城市带来了怎样的魅力？ 3、 思维提升-书面表达 假设你的学校本周组织了一次名为“发现身边的多元文化”的研学活动。请你写一篇英文研学日记。 【内容要点】 1.简述你们前往的目的地及最初的感受； 2.描述你在该地的多元文化体验（如历史变迁、特色建筑、不同族群的饮食或艺术等）； 3.总结这种文化融合给城市或个人带来的积极影响。 请同学们根据自己的实际情况，选择A层或B层完成。 ▶ A层作业（基础篇） 任务要求：根据括号内的中文提示和本课所学的目标词汇/短语，将这篇研学日记补充完整。 Saturday, 23 October This morning, my classmates and I went to a famous historical street. It 1. __________________ (位于) the center of our city. The weather was very 2. ____________ (温和的) today. We learned that many people from different countries 3. ____________ (定居) here in the past. Now, this area 4. __________________ (是……的家园) people from different cultural backgrounds. We experienced the local culture 5. __________________ (亲身体验地) and saw a great 6. ____________ (聚集/收藏) of old 7. ____________ (建筑物). The street 8. ____________ (包含) 9. __________________ (各种各样的) food, which can definitely 10. ____________ (适合) everyone's taste. I realize that the mixing of different cultures gives our city its unique charm. We should always respect and appreciate the diverse cultures around us. ▶ B层作业（提升篇） 写作任务： 独立撰写一篇80-100词的研学日记。 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $