Unit 1 The Changing World 单元测试卷-2026-2027学年九年级英语上学期入学测试卷+单元测试卷+月考卷+期中卷+期末卷

2026-2027学年九年级英语上学期入学测试卷+单元测试卷+月考卷+期中卷+期末卷 Unit 1 The Changing World单元测试卷 (时间：80分钟　满分：100分) 一、语法选择（每小题1分，共10分） When I was a child, my hometown was a small and quiet village. There 1 only one narrow road leading to the town outside. People here 2 live a simple life. Most of them made a living 3 farming. The air was fresh, and the river running through the village was clear with fish swimming in it. But great changes have 4 in the past ten years. Now, the narrow road has turned 5 a wide asphalt highway. New buildings are everywhere, including a school, a hospital and some shopping malls. Many farmers have moved into new apartments. They don’t need to work on the farm 6 . Instead, they work in factories or run their own businesses. However, with the development, some problems have also come. The river isn’t as clear as before, and the air sometimes smells terrible. We all hope that the local government will take action 7 these problems. I believe our hometown will become better and better 8 we work together to protect the environment. Looking back, I realize how fast the world 9 . It’s important for us to adapt to these changes and try our best 10 a better world for everyone. 1．A．is B．was C．are D．were 2．A．used to B．were used to C．use to D．are used to 3．A．by B．with C．through D．on 4．A．taken place B．happened C．taken the place D．happen 5．A．into B．to C．in D．for 6．A．no more B．no longer C．any more D．any long 7．A．solve B．solving C．to solve D．solved 8．A．if B．unless C．though D．because 9．A．changes B．changed C．was changing D．has changed 10．A．build B．to build C．building D．built 二、完形填空（每小题1分，共10分） My grandfather has lived in a small village all his life. He often tells me about the changes he has seen. In his childhood, the village was surrounded by bare hills. There 11 few trees, and the soil was easily washed away by rain. Villagers 12 to walk a long way to fetch water. In the 1980s, the government encouraged people to 13 trees on the hills. At first, many were doubtful, but they 14 the challenge. Year after year, they planted millions of trees. The hills gradually turned green, and the soil became 15 . Now the village has become a beautiful place. The trees not only protect the soil but also 16 fresh air. Some villagers have started eco-tourism, and visitors come to enjoy the natural scenery. My grandfather says that the forest is the greatest 17 of his life. He is proud of what the villagers have 18 together. The story of the village shows that 19 we work hard, we can create a better environment. It also reminds us that we should take care of our 20 for the next generations. 11．A．was B．were C．had D．have 12．A．used B．are used C．were used D．use 13．A．cut B．plant C．burn D．move 14．A．accepted B．refused C．avoided D．missed 15．A．dry B．rich C．poor D．rocky 16．A．provide B．pollute C．take D．waste 17．A．problem B．mistake C．achievement D．regret 18．A．imagined B．planned C．discussed D．achieved 19．A．if B．unless C．though D．because 20．A．village B．country C．earth D．Family 三、阅读理解（每小题2分，共30分） A It is like the blood vessels (血管) of a city, connecting everything to the internet. Imagine when you are nearly home, and your smartwatch can tell your home to turn on the lights. This can become a reality with the Internet of Things. 5G provides high-speed wireless internet. It is what makes the Internet of Things possible. The speed of 5G can be up to 10 Gbps (Gigabit per second). With such speed, we can download a film in just a few seconds. AI can also help to deal with data. More importantly, it learns from the data and becomes a smart helper for us. AI can work as a delivery person, a tour guide, or even help design cars and make people’s work safer. Online maps, Baidu Map and Gaode Map, are two typical online maps. They help people find their way from one place to another. Some online maps can update real-time data on cities. With their help from them, people can find out the busiest road and plan the best route when travelling. 21．Which technology makes the Internet of Things possible? A．Robots. B．5G. C．AI. D．Online maps. 22．What can AI be used for according to the passage? ①Dealing with data.     ②Collecting data.     ③Working as a tour guide. ④Helping design cars.   ⑤Making people healthier. A．①②⑤ B．②③④ C．③④⑤ D．①③④ 23．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．The Internet can see and feel things like eyes. B．People cannot avoid heavy traffic with Baidu Map. C．We can download a film in a few minutes with 5G. D．When you are nearly home, you can turn on your lights. 24．What does the underlined word “them” refer to? A．The best routes. B．The busiest roads. C．Tour guides. D．The online maps. 25．Where does this passage most probably come from? A．A novel. B．A history book. C．A science magazine. D．An advertisement. B How Computers Have Changed In the past 80 years, computers have changed a lot. The first modern computers came out in the 1940s. They were very huge — as big as a whole room. These early machines weighed tons and were made of thousands of large parts. They were so expensive that only governments and big companies could buy them. People mainly used them for difficult math problems and important work. They could not be used in everyday life at all. Later, new and smaller parts took the place of the old large ones. This made computers smaller, cheaper and work better. But most computers were still as big as a fridge and were not common in ordinary families. The big change came in the 1970s, with the invention of the computer chip. All of a sudden, the computing power that once filled a whole room could be put into a small chip. Personal computers (PCs) started to appear. For the first time, common families could have a computer at home. In the 1980s and 1990s, laptops (笔记本电脑) came into the market, making computers more portable. Today, computers are everywhere. They are inside our phones, cars, TVs and even fridges. A smartphone in our pocket has much more computing power than the huge room-sized machines of the 1940s. We use computers to study, work, shop, talk with friends and have fun. The Internet also connects computers all over the world together. In the future, computers will keep changing. With AI and other new technologies, they will become smarter and more helpful. One thing will never change: computers will always make a difference to the way we live. 26．What is the passage mainly about? A．How to use computers well. B．The development of computers. C．Why early computers were expensive. D．Different uses of modern computers. 27．What do we know about the first modern computers? A．They came out in the 1970s. B．They were small and light. C．They were widely used in homes. D．They were huge and cost much money. 28．The underlined word “portable” in Paragraph 3 probably means ________ in Chinese. A．轻便的 B．昂贵的 C．流行的 D．普通的 29．When did personal computers first appear? A．In the 1940s. B．In the 1960s. C．In the 1970s. D．In the 1990s. 30．What can we learn from the passage? A．Early computers worked faster than today’s phones. B．Computers have greatly changed people’s life. C．Computers will stop developing soon. D．Old computers were as small as fridges. C Great overall changes have appeared in Chinese rural areas over the past ten years. 31 First, local transport conditions have been greatly upgraded. The government has built wide asphalt roads and new high-speed railway stops in most villages. Villagers no longer need to spend hours walking to the downtown market. 32 Second, digital e-commerce completely changes villagers’ income sources. Plenty of local farmers sell fresh farm produce and handmade crafts online every day. They gain far more income than selling goods at street markets offline. 33 Third, the ecological environment gets greener. Workers plant large numbers of trees on once bare sandy hills year by year. Serious sandstorms become less frequent year after year. Fourth, more job choices appear for young rural residents. 34 Lots of young people who once rushed to big cities for work choose to return to their hometowns and start local businesses related to tourism and agriculture. Finally, public service resources are evenly distributed in small towns. New community hospitals and public libraries have been built across villages. Villagers can receive medical treatment and read books conveniently near their homes. 35 Every small positive shift in rural areas accumulates to push our whole society forward step by step. A．Many new job opportunities are offered in countryside tourism and farming. B．We can divide these changes into five important main parts. C．Villagers can take buses or high-speed trains to reach towns quickly. D．We should keep on planting trees to better protect local environment. E．Ordinary villagers’ living standards have been greatly improved by these changes. F．All kinds of rural changes bring bright futures to villagers. 四、选词填空（每小题1.5分，共15分） 从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，每词限用一次。 change, sandstorm, farmland, government, technology, build, improve, bush, reach, tour Great changes have 36 in Li Rui's hometown during the past twenty years. In the old days, the roads here were rough. It took people a long time 37 the nearest town. What’s worse, strong 38 came almost every spring. Lots of 39 turned into sandy fields. There were only a few trees and 40 on the bare hills. Later, the local 41 paid much attention to the problems and offered strong support. Villagers started to use modern 42 to protect soil and land. They also 43 new highways, railways, hospitals and libraries. Now everything looks new and nice. The environment has 44 a lot. The beautiful village becomes a popular 45 attraction. All the people here enjoy their comfortable life. 五、根据汉语提示完成句子（每小题2分，共10分） 46．我过去常常步行上学，但现在我骑自行车上学。 I ________ ________ walk to school, but now I ride a bike to school. 47．她已经完成了作业。 She ________ already ________ her homework. 48．我的家乡再也不是十年前的样子了。 My hometown is ________ ________ what it was ten years ago. 49．这项覆盖全城的绿化改造计划仍在讨论中。 The green transformation plan covered ________ ________ the city is still ________ ________. 50．人们不仅改善了生活，也开阔了视野。 People have ________ ________ improved their lives ________ ________ broadened their horizons. 六、读写综合(本大题分为A、B两部分，共25分) A. 回答问题 (本题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 请阅读下面短文，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整切题。 The world is changing fast, and so are the places where we live. Li Ming and Wang Hong will share how life has changed in their hometowns. Hello, I’m Li Ming. I live in a city. In the past, there were few tall buildings. Now, my city is bigger and busier. Many new apartments and offices are built every year. The biggest change is technology. My family uses smartphones for everything. We shop online, watch movies on tablets, and my dad even works at home sometimes. We have high-speed trains that can take us to other cities quickly. It’s very convenient. However, there are some problems too. The streets are often crowded with cars, and sometimes the air is not very clean. I miss the quiet parks from old photos. But I like our modern library and the new Science Museum. Life in the city is exciting and full of opportunities. Hi, I’m Wang Hong. I live in the countryside. In my grandparents’ time, life was very hard. They farmed with their hands and had few machines. Their houses were small and simple. Now, life is much better. We have new roads connecting (连接) our village to the town. We can buy things online. My family uses a machine to help with farming. We even sell our fruits online to people in cities. Our houses are bigger now. I can study online after school. The air is still fresh, and the mountains are green. Life here is more comfortable than before. I love my beautiful countryside. 51．What is the biggest change in Li Ming’s city? ___________________________________________________ 52．Which places are often crowded with cars in Li Ming’s city? ___________________________________________________ 53．When was life hard in Wang Hong’s village? ___________________________________________________ 54．How is life in Wang Hong’s village now? ___________________________________________________ 55．Is the air fresh or dirty in Wang Hong’s village now? ___________________________________________________ 56．书面表达(本题15分) 假设你叫李明，某中学生英文杂志正在举办题为“Great Changes in My Hometown”的征文活动。你打算向该杂志投稿，请你用英文写一篇短文，不少于80词，分享你家乡的变化。 内容包括： （1）你的家乡过去是什么样子； （2）你的家乡有了哪些变化（例如环境environment、交通traffic、建筑building、经济economic/business等方面）； （3）你对家乡的变化有什么感受。 Great Changes in My Hometown ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $2026-2027学年九年级英语上学期入学测试卷+单元测试卷+月考卷+期中卷+期末卷 Unit 1 The Changing World单元测试卷 (时间:80分钟 满分:100分) 一、语法选择(每小题1分,共10分) When I was a child, my hometown was a small and quiet village. There 1 only one narrow road leading to the town outside. People here 2 live a simple life. Most of them made a living 3 farming. The air was fresh, and the river running through the village was clear with fish swimming in it. But great changes have 4 in the past ten years. Now, the narrow road has turned 5 a wide asphalt highway. New buildings are everywhere, including a school, a hospital and some shopping malls. Many farmers have moved into new apartments. They don’t need to work on the farm 6 . Instead, they work in factories or run their own businesses. However, with the development, some problems have also come. The river isn’t as clear as before, and the air sometimes smells terrible. We all hope that the local government will take action 7 these problems. I believe our hometown will become better and better 8 we work together to protect the environment. Looking back, I realize how fast the world 9 . It’s important for us to adapt to these changes and try our best 10 a better world for everyone. 1.A.is B.was C.are D.were 2.A.used to B.were used to C.use to D.are used to 3.A.by B.with C.through D.on 4.A.taken place B.happened C.taken the place D.happen 5.A.into B.to C.in D.for 6.A.no more B.no longer C.any more D.any long 7.A.solve B.solving C.to solve D.solved 8.A.if B.unless C.though D.because 9.A.changes B.changed C.was changing D.has changed 10.A.build B.to build C.building D.built 二、完形填空(每小题1分,共10分) My grandfather has lived in a small village all his life. He often tells me about the changes he has seen. In his childhood, the village was surrounded by bare hills. There 11 few trees, and the soil was easily washed away by rain. Villagers 12 to walk a long way to fetch water. In the 1980s, the government encouraged people to 13 trees on the hills. At first, many were doubtful, but they 14 the challenge. Year after year, they planted millions of trees. The hills gradually turned green, and the soil became 15 . Now the village has become a beautiful place. The trees not only protect the soil but also 16 fresh air. Some villagers have started eco-tourism, and visitors come to enjoy the natural scenery. My grandfather says that the forest is the greatest 17 of his life. He is proud of what the villagers have 18 together. The story of the village shows that 19 we work hard, we can create a better environment. It also reminds us that we should take care of our 20 for the next generations. 11.A.was B.were C.had D.have 12.A.used B.are used C.were used D.use 13.A.cut B.plant C.burn D.move 14.A.accepted B.refused C.avoided D.missed 15.A.dry B.rich C.poor D.rocky 16.A.provide B.pollute C.take D.waste 17.A.problem B.mistake C.achievement D.regret 18.A.imagined B.planned C.discussed D.achieved 19.A.if B.unless C.though D.because 20.A.village B.country C.earth D.Family 三、阅读理解(每小题2分,共30分) A It is like the blood vessels (血管) of a city, connecting everything to the internet. Imagine when you are nearly home, and your smartwatch can tell your home to turn on the lights. This can become a reality with the Internet of Things. 5G provides high-speed wireless internet. It is what makes the Internet of Things possible. The speed of 5G can be up to 10 Gbps (Gigabit per second). With such speed, we can download a film in just a few seconds. AI can also help to deal with data. More importantly, it learns from the data and becomes a smart helper for us. AI can work as a delivery person, a tour guide, or even help design cars and make people’s work safer. Online maps, Baidu Map and Gaode Map, are two typical online maps. They help people find their way from one place to another. Some online maps can update real-time data on cities. With their help from them, people can find out the busiest road and plan the best route when travelling. 21.Which technology makes the Internet of Things possible? A.Robots. B.5G. C.AI. D.Online maps. 22.What can AI be used for according to the passage? ①Dealing with data. ②Collecting data. ③Working as a tour guide. ④Helping design cars. ⑤Making people healthier. A.①②⑤ B.②③④ C.③④⑤ D.①③④ 23.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A.The Internet can see and feel things like eyes. B.People cannot avoid heavy traffic with Baidu Map. C.We can download a film in a few minutes with 5G. D.When you are nearly home, you can turn on your lights. 24.What does the underlined word “them” refer to? A.The best routes. B.The busiest roads. C.Tour guides. D.The online maps. 25.Where does this passage most probably come from? A.A novel. B.A history book. C.A science magazine. D.An advertisement. B How Computers Have Changed In the past 80 years, computers have changed a lot. The first modern computers came out in the 1940s. They were very huge — as big as a whole room. These early machines weighed tons and were made of thousands of large parts. They were so expensive that only governments and big companies could buy them. People mainly used them for difficult math problems and important work. They could not be used in everyday life at all. Later, new and smaller parts took the place of the old large ones. This made computers smaller, cheaper and work better. But most computers were still as big as a fridge and were not common in ordinary families. The big change came in the 1970s, with the invention of the computer chip. All of a sudden, the computing power that once filled a whole room could be put into a small chip. Personal computers (PCs) started to appear. For the first time, common families could have a computer at home. In the 1980s and 1990s, laptops (笔记本电脑) came into the market, making computers more portable. Today, computers are everywhere. They are inside our phones, cars, TVs and even fridges. A smartphone in our pocket has much more computing power than the huge room-sized machines of the 1940s. We use computers to study, work, shop, talk with friends and have fun. The Internet also connects computers all over the world together. In the future, computers will keep changing. With AI and other new technologies, they will become smarter and more helpful. One thing will never change: computers will always make a difference to the way we live. 26.What is the passage mainly about? A.How to use computers well. B.The development of computers. C.Why early computers were expensive. D.Different uses of modern computers. 27.What do we know about the first modern computers? A.They came out in the 1970s. B.They were small and light. C.They were widely used in homes. D.They were huge and cost much money. 28.The underlined word “portable” in Paragraph 3 probably means _ in Chinese. A.轻便的 B.昂贵的 C.流行的 D.普通的 29.When did personal computers first appear? A.In the 1940s. B.In the 1960s. C.In the 1970s. D.In the 1990s. 30.What can we learn from the passage? A.Early computers worked faster than today’s phones. B.Computers have greatly changed people’s life. C.Computers will stop developing soon. D.Old computers were as small as fridges. C Great overall changes have appeared in Chinese rural areas over the past ten years. 31 First, local transport conditions have been greatly upgraded. The government has built wide asphalt roads and new high-speed railway stops in most villages. Villagers no longer need to spend hours walking to the downtown market. 32 Second, digital e-commerce completely changes villagers’ income sources. Plenty of local farmers sell fresh farm produce and handmade crafts online every day. They gain far more income than selling goods at street markets offline. 33 Third, the ecological environment gets greener. Workers plant large numbers of trees on once bare sandy hills year by year. Serious sandstorms become less frequent year after year. Fourth, more job choices appear for young rural residents. 34 Lots of young people who once rushed to big cities for work choose to return to their hometowns and start local businesses related to tourism and agriculture. Finally, public service resources are evenly distributed in small towns. New community hospitals and public libraries have been built across villages. Villagers can receive medical treatment and read books conveniently near their homes. 35 Every small positive shift in rural areas accumulates to push our whole society forward step by step. A.Many new job opportunities are offered in countryside tourism and farming. B.We can divide these changes into five important main parts. C.Villagers can take buses or high-speed trains to reach towns quickly. D.We should keep on planting trees to better protect local environment. E.Ordinary villagers’ living standards have been greatly improved by these changes. F.All kinds of rural changes bring bright futures to villagers. 四、选词填空(每小题1.5分,共15分) 从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,每词限用一次。 change, sandstorm, farmland, government, technology, build, improve, bush, reach, tour Great changes have 36 in Li Rui's hometown during the past twenty years. In the old days, the roads here were rough. It took people a long time 37 the nearest town. What’s worse, strong 38 came almost every spring. Lots of 39 turned into sandy fields. There were only a few trees and 40 on the bare hills. Later, the local 41 paid much attention to the problems and offered strong support. Villagers started to use modern 42 to protect soil and land. They also 43 new highways, railways, hospitals and libraries. Now everything looks new and nice. The environment has 44 a lot. The beautiful village becomes a popular 45 attraction. All the people here enjoy their comfortable life. 五、根据汉语提示完成句子(每小题2分,共10分) 46.我过去常常步行上学,但现在我骑自行车上学。 I _ _ walk to school, but now I ride a bike to school. 47.她已经完成了作业。 She _ already _ her homework. 48.我的家乡再也不是十年前的样子了。 My hometown is _ _ what it was ten years ago. 49.这项覆盖全城的绿化改造计划仍在讨论中。 The green transformation plan covered _ _ the city is still _ _. 50.人们不仅改善了生活,也开阔了视野。 People have _ _ improved their lives _ _ broadened their horizons. 六、读写综合(本大题分为A、B两部分,共25分) A. 回答问题 (本题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分) 请阅读下面短文,根据所提供的信息,回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整切题。 The world is changing fast, and so are the places where we live. Li Ming and Wang Hong will share how life has changed in their hometowns. Hello, I’m Li Ming. I live in a city. In the past, there were few tall buildings. Now, my city is bigger and busier. Many new apartments and offices are built every year. The biggest change is technology. My family uses smartphones for everything. We shop online, watch movies on tablets, and my dad even works at home sometimes. We have high-speed trains that can take us to other cities quickly. It’s very convenient. However, there are some problems too. The streets are often crowded with cars, and sometimes the air is not very clean. I miss the quiet parks from old photos. But I like our modern library and the new Science Museum. Life in the city is exciting and full of opportunities. Hi, I’m Wang Hong. I live in the countryside. In my grandparents’ time, life was very hard. They farmed with their hands and had few machines. Their houses were small and simple. Now, life is much better. We have new roads connecting (连接) our village to the town. We can buy things online. My family uses a machine to help with farming. We even sell our fruits online to people in cities. Our houses are bigger now. I can study online after school. The air is still fresh, and the mountains are green. Life here is more comfortable than before. I love my beautiful countryside. 51.What is the biggest change in Li Ming’s city? _ 52.Which places are often crowded with cars in Li Ming’s city? _ 53.When was life hard in Wang Hong’s village? _ 54.How is life in Wang Hong’s village now? _ 55.Is the air fresh or dirty in Wang Hong’s village now? _ 56.书面表达(本题15分) 假设你叫李明,某中学生英文杂志正在举办题为“Great Changes in My Hometown”的征文活动。你打算向该杂志投稿,请你用英文写一篇短文,不少于80词,分享你家乡的变化。 内容包括: (1)你的家乡过去是什么样子; (2)你的家乡有了哪些变化(例如环境environment、交通traffic、建筑building、经济economic/business等方面); (3)你对家乡的变化有什么感受。 Great Changes in My Hometown _ _ 参考答案 一、 1.B 2.A 3.A 4.A 5.A 6.C 7.C 8.A 9.D 10.B 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者家乡十年间的巨大变化,包括设施改善和生活转变,同时也指出了环境问题,表达了共同努力保护环境的希望。 【详解】1.句意:那时只有一条狭窄的路通向镇外。 根据“When I was a child”可知,句子描述过去的情况,应用一般过去时;主语“one narrow road”是单数,be动词应用was。is、are为现在时,were为复数,均不符。 2.句意:这里的人们过去过着简单的生活。 根据语境描述过去的生活状态,“used to do sth.”意为“过去常常做某事”,符合文意。“were used to”意为“习惯于”,后接doing,“are used to”时态不符;“use to”形式错误。 3.句意:他们大多数人靠种地为生。 “by+doing”表示通过某种方式或手段,“by farming”意为“通过耕种”。“with和;through穿过;on“在……上”,介词搭配在此处语意不通。 4.句意:但在过去十年里发生了巨大的变化。 根据“have”可知,时态应用现在完成时,需填过去分词;“take place”常指有计划或自然的变化发生,符合语境。happen意为发生,强调偶尔发生;take place更常用指变化;taken the place意为“取代”;happen是原形,均排除。 5.句意:现在,狭窄的路已经变成了宽阔的沥青公路。 “the narrow road has turned...a wide asphalt highway”表明,狭窄的路已经变成了宽阔的沥青公路,“turn into”意为“变成”,符合路变成公路的语境。“to到;in在……里;for为了”与turn搭配在此处语意不当。 6.句意:他们不再需要在农场工作了。 句中已有否定词“don’t”,需用“any more”构成“not...any more”表示“不再”。“no more不再;no longer不再”,通常用于肯定句或动词前;“any long”搭配错误。 7.句意:我们都希望当地政府将采取行动解决这些问题。 “take action ...these problems.”表明,是采取行动解决问题,“take action to do sth.”意为“采取行动做某事”,动词不定式表目的,因此用动词不定式to solve。 8.句意:我相信如果我们共同努力,家乡会变得越来越好。 根据逻辑关系,“共同努力”是“变得更好”的条件,应用if引导条件状语从句。unless“除非”;though“虽然”;because“因为”,逻辑关系不符。 9.句意:回首往事,我意识到世界变化得有多快。 根据“Looking back”及上文多处使用现在完成时描述变化,此处强调过去变化对现在造成的结果,应用现在完成时has changed。 10.句意:尽我们最大的努力为每个人建设一个更好的世界。 “try one’s best to do sth.”是固定用法,意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”,后接动词不定式to build。 二、 11.B 12.A 13.B 14.A 15.B 16.A 17.C 18.D 19.A 20.C 【导语】本文讲述了作者的祖父所在村庄从荒山秃岭到绿树成荫的变化过程,展现了村民们在政府鼓励下坚持不懈植树造林的成就,说明了只要努力就能创造更好的环境,并提醒我们要为后代保护地球。 【详解】11.句意:那里几乎没有树,土壤很容易被雨水冲走。 根据“few trees”及主语为复数“trees”可知,此处应用were。was用于单数主语;had为“有”的过去式,但此处为there be句型表示“存在”,不能用had;have为现在时,均不符合there be句型和过去时态的要求。 12.句意:村民们过去常常走很远的路去取水。 used to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“过去常常做某事”,used符合语境。are used to“习惯于”(后接doing);were used to“习惯于”(过去);use“使用”,均不符合“过去常常”的语义。 13.句意:政府鼓励人们在山上种树。 根据下文“they planted millions of trees”可知,政府鼓励人们种树。plant“种植”,符合语境。cut“砍伐”;burn“燃烧”;move“移动”,均不符合“植树造林”的语义。 14.句意:起初,许多人持怀疑态度,但他们接受了这个挑战。 根据上文“At first, many were doubtful”及下文“Year after year, they planted millions of trees”可知,尽管怀疑,他们还是接受了挑战。accepted“接受”,符合语境。refused“拒绝”;avoided“避免”;missed“错过”,均不符合“接受挑战并坚持植树”的语义。 15.句意:山丘逐渐变绿,土壤变得肥沃。 根据上文“turned green”及植树造林的效果可知,土壤变得肥沃。rich“肥沃的;丰富的”,符合语境。dry“干燥的”;poor“贫瘠的”;rocky“多岩石的”,均不符合“绿化后土壤改善”的语义。 16.句意:树木不仅保护土壤,还提供新鲜空气。 根据“fresh air”可知,树木提供新鲜空气。provide“提供”,符合语境。pollute“污染”;take“拿走”;waste“浪费”,均不符合“树木产生新鲜空气”的语义。 17.句意:我的祖父说这片森林是他一生中最大的成就。 根据上文村民植树造林使村庄变美及祖父自豪的情感可知,森林是最大的成就。achievement“成就”,符合语境。problem“问题”;mistake“错误”;regret“遗憾”,均不符合“自豪之事”的语义。 18.句意:他为村民们共同取得的成就感到自豪。 achieve together为常见搭配,意为“共同取得/实现”,achieved符合语境。imagined“想象”;planned“计划”;discussed“讨论”,均不符合“取得成就”的语义。 19.句意:这个故事表明,如果我们努力工作,就能创造更好的环境。 前后为条件关系——“如果努力,就能创造”,应用if引导条件状语从句。unless“除非”;though“虽然”;because“因为”,均不符合条件逻辑。 20.句意:它也提醒我们应该为下一代保护我们的地球。 根据全文主题——环境保护及“for the next generations”可知,应保护我们的地球(earth)。village“村庄”;country“国家”;family“家庭”,均不如earth“地球”贴合“环境与后代”的主题。 三、 21.B 22.D 23.D 24.D 25.C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了物联网、5G、人工智能和在线地图等几项让城市生活变得更智能的现代科技。 【详解】21.第二部分关于5G的介绍“It is what makes the Internet of Things possible.”表明,5G技术使物联网成为可能。 22.第三部分关于AI的介绍“AI can also help to deal with data...AI can work as a delivery person, a tour guide, or even help design cars...”表明,人工智能可以用来处理数据(①)、担任导游(③)以及帮助设计汽车(④)。 23.第一部分关于物联网的介绍“Imagine when you are nearly home, and your smart watch can tell your home to turn on the lights.”表明,当你快到家时,你可以(通过智能设备)打开家里的灯,D选项表述正确。 24.划线单词them所在句的前一句为“Some online maps can update real-time data on cities.”,紧接着说“在它们的帮助下,人们可以找到最拥挤的道路并规划最佳路线”,由语境可推出,them指代的是前文提到的The online maps“在线地图”。 25.本文主要介绍了物联网、5G、人工智能等现代科学技术在生活中的应用,属于科普类文章,因此最有可能出自一本A science magazine“科学杂志”。 26.B 27.D 28.A 29.C 30.B 【导语】本文主要讲述电脑八十年来的发展历程,介绍了二十世纪四十年代初代大型电脑、七十年代个人电脑、八九十年代笔记本电脑的演变,以及如今电脑随处可见、未来还会持续革新的内容。 【详解】26.全文分段依次介绍电脑不同阶段的发展变化,标题How Computers Have Changed也点明核心为电脑发展历程。 27.原文第一段“The first modern computers came out in the 1940s. They were very huge... They were so expensive”,说明初代电脑体积庞大、价格昂贵。 28.第三段“laptops came into the market, making computers more portable”,笔记本电脑的特点是轻便易携带,portable意为轻便的。 29.原文第三段“The big change came in the 1970s... Personal computers (PCs) started to appear”,可知个人电脑首次出现于二十世纪七十年代。 30.文章结尾“computers will always make a difference to the way we live”,结合全文电脑从巨型设备普及到生活各处,体现电脑极大改变了人们的生活。 31.B 32.C 33.E 34.A 35.F 【导语】本文介绍了近十年中国农村发生的几大变化。 【详解】31.前文提到“Great overall changes have appeared in Chinese rural areas over the past ten years.”,B选项“We can divide these changes into five important main parts.”总起下文,引出后文五个方面的变化,起到承上启下的作用,符合语境逻辑。 32.前文提到“The government has built wide asphalt roads and new high-speed railway stops in most villages. Villagers no longer need to spend hours walking to the downtown market.”,C选项“Villagers can take buses or high-speed trains to reach towns quickly.”承接上文,说明交通便利带来的结果,逻辑连贯。 33.前文提到“Plenty of local farmers sell fresh farm produce and handmade crafts online every day. They gain far more income than selling goods at street markets offline.”,E选项“Ordinary villagers’ living standards have been greatly improved by these changes.”总结电商发展给村民生活带来的提升,贴合段落内容。 34.前文提到“Fourth, more job choices appear for young rural residents.”,A选项“Many new job opportunities are offered in countryside tourism and farming.”具体说明乡村旅游与农业催生大量新岗位,引出后文“Lots of young people who once rushed to big cities for work choose to return to their hometowns and start local businesses related to tourism and agriculture.”。符合语境。 35.后文提到“Every small positive shift in rural areas accumulates to push our whole society forward step by step.”,F选项“All kinds of rural changes bring bright futures to villagers.”对全文各类乡村变化进行总结,呼应文章主旨,引出末尾观点。 四、 36.changed 37.to reach 38.sandstorms 39.farmland 40.bushes 41.government 42.technology 43.built 44.improved 45.tourist 【导语】本文讲述了李瑞家乡在过去二十年里发生的巨大变化。 【详解】36.句意:过去二十年间,李瑞家乡发生了巨大的变化。根据“Great changes have...in Li Rui’s hometown”可知,是家乡发生变化,change“变化”符合语境;由“during the past twenty years”可知为现在完成时,用change的过去分词changed。 37.句意:人们花了很长时间才到达最近的城镇。根据“the nearest town”和备选词可知,是到达最近的城镇,reach“到达”符合语境;It takes sb. some time to do sth.“花费某人时间做某事”,填to reach。 38.句意:更糟糕的是,几乎每年春天都会发生强烈的沙尘暴。根据“strong…came almost every spring”和备选词可知,是发生强烈的沙尘暴,sandstorm“沙尘暴”,此处表示复数含义,使用名词复数形式。 39.句意:大片的农田变成了沙地。根据“Lots of…turned into sandy fields.”和备选词可知,农田变成了沙地,farmland“农田”符合语境。 40.句意:光秃秃的山坡上只剩下几棵树和灌木。根据“There were only a few trees and…”和备选词可知,应该是树和灌木,bush“灌木”符合语境,a few修饰可数名词复数。 41.句意:后来,当地政府高度重视这些问题,并给予了大力支持。根据“the local…paid much attention to the problems and offered strong support”和备选词可知,是当地政府的做法,government“政府”符合语境。 42.句意:村民们开始使用现代技术来保护土地和土壤。 根据“Villagers started to use modern…to protect soil and land.”和备选词可知,使用现代技术进行保护,technology“技术”符合语境。 43.句意:他们还修建了新的公路、铁路、医院和图书馆。根据“They also…new highways, railways, hospitals and libraries.”和备选词可知,是修建公路、铁路等,build“修建”符合语境,动作发生在过去,动词用过去式。 44.句意:环境已大为改善。根据前句“Now everything looks new and nice.”可知,环境有所改善,improve“改善”符合语境,时态是现在完成时,动词用过去分词形式。 45.句意:美丽的村庄成为热门的旅游景点。根据“The beautiful village becomes a popular…attraction.”和备选词可知,村庄变成了热门的旅游景点,tour“旅游”符合语境,tourist attraction“旅游景点”,固定短语。 五、 46. used to 【详解】原句中“过去常常”是关键词,表示“过去常常”的短语是used to,表示过去习惯性的动作或状态,但现在已不再如此。 47. has finished 【详解】原句中“完成”是关键词,根据“already”,句子用现在完成时,主语She是第三人称单数,因此助动词用has, “完成”对应的动词是finish,其过去分词形式为finished,应填has;finished。 48. no longer 【详解】原句中“不再”是关键词,表达“不再”的短语是no longer,表示状态随时间改变,不再持续。 49. all over under discussion 【详解】原句中关键词“全城”通常用all over the city,“在讨论中”的固定表达是under discussion。 50. not only but also 【详解】原句中“不仅……也……”是关键词,对应的是关联词not only...but also...,在本句中连接并列的过去分词短语,与have构成现在完成时。 六、A. 51.The biggest change is technology. 52.The streets are often crowded with cars. 53.Life was hard in Wang Hong’s grandparents’ time. 54.Life in her village is much better and more comfortable now. 55.The air is fresh. B.56. Great Changes in My Hometown My hometown has changed greatly over the years. In the past, there were only small old houses and narrow dirty roads. People walked or rode bikes to go out, and life was simple and hard. Now everything is different. New tall buildings stand everywhere, and wide clean roads connect villages and towns. High-speed roads shorten travel time a lot. Many families own cars, and villagers sell fruits online to city people. More trees are planted, so the environment becomes much greener. I feel really proud of all these great changes. I’m sure my hometown will become more lovely in the future. 【导语】本文主要讲述了李明和王红各自家乡(城市和农村)在过去和现在的巨大变化。 【详解】51.根据文章第三段“The biggest change is technology.(最大的变化是科技。)”可知李明的城市最大的变化是科技。 52.根据文章第四段“The streets are often crowded with cars...(街道上经常挤满了汽车……)”可知街道上经常挤满了汽车。 53.根据文章第五段“In my grandparents’ time, life was very hard.(在我祖父母那个时代,生活非常艰难。)”可知在王红祖父母那个时代生活很艰难。 54.根据文章第六段“Now, life is much better.(现在,生活好多了。)”以及第七段“Life here is more comfortable than before.(这里的生活比以前更舒适了。)”可知现在王红的村子里的生活好多了、更舒适了。 55.根据文章第七段“The air is still fresh, and the mountains are green.(空气依然清新,山是绿的。)”可知现在王红的村子里的空气是清新的。 56.写作步骤 [第一步:审题立意] 确定文体:记叙文,时态采用一般过去时(描述往昔)+一般现在时(描写现状) 明确要点:家乡过去面貌、当下全方位变化、结尾抒发个人情感 确定人称:全文使用第一人称(I/my) 注意事项:不得出现真实地名、人名 [第二步:构思布局] 三段式结构: 开头段:总起开篇,直接点明文章中心,随即简要交代过去居住、道路、出行与生活状态,开门见山,引出对比 主体段:以Now everything is different完成时空过渡,从建筑道路、交通出行、生活方式、生态环境四个维度罗列当下变化,条理清晰,对比逻辑完整 结尾段:总结个人感受,抒发对家乡变化的自豪感,并对家乡未来做出展望,收束全文,升华作文主题 [第三步:要点展开] 要点一:描述过去的家乡 描写维度:房屋、道路、出行方式、生活状态 用词细节:small old houses/narrow dirty roads/walked or rode bikes/simple and hard 拓展词汇:old cottages/narrow muddy roads/on foot or by bike/basic and difficult 要点二:描述如今的家乡 描写维度:基础设施、交通、民生经济、生态 用词细节:tall buildings/wide clean roads/high-speed roads/shorten travel time/many families own cars/ villagers sell fruits online/more trees are planted 拓展词汇:develop rapidly/online business/increase people’s income 要点三:阐述对变化的感受及对未来的期许 用词细节:feel really proud/will become more lovely in the future 拓展词汇:be deeply moved/fall in love with my hometown 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $