Unit 4 The Earth 单元测试（广州专用）2026-2027学年沪教版七年级英语上册

**基本信息** 本试卷为广州专用初中英语Unit 4 The Earth单元测试，围绕地球保护主题，融合语言知识运用、阅读、项目情境及写作，全面覆盖单元核心知识点，注重语言能力与环保意识培养，适配单元复习需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法选择|10题/15分|反身代词、冠词、不定式等语法点|以“国王砍树破坏生态”故事为情境，考查语法在语境中的运用| |完形填空|10题/10分|森林保护词汇（desert, plant, balance）|塞罕坝治沙案例，渗透生态保护思维品质| |阅读理解|15题/30分|沙漠绿洲、食物浪费、树木保护等主题|文本涵盖说明文与记叙文，培养细节理解与推理能力| |项目情境|10题/20分|社区环保活动匹配、绿色生活问答|真实情境任务，提升语言应用与跨文化意识| |书面表达|1题/20分|植物重要性描述（氧气、食物、环境）|结合图表提示，考查信息整合与书面表达能力|

Unit 4 The Earth 单元测试（广州专用） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：110分） 一、语言知识及运用（共两节，满分25分） 第一节 语法选择（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1-10各题所给的A 、B、C 和 D 项中选出最佳选项。 There was once a king who had a great palace with a beautiful garden. He was happier than anyone else there. In the garden, there lived all kinds of animals. All of them enjoyed 1 . The king was very happy with the whole garden except for 2 old tree. It was so old and dry that the king hated it very much. Finally, the king ordered some people 3 it down and turn the place into a swimming pool. 4 his surprise, after the tree was cut down, the animals left the garden. Without the animals, the garden didn’t look so beautiful any more. The king was disappointed, but he didn’t know what had happened. A young man went to the king, and said he could 5 what had happened. “This was because you cut the old tree down,” said the young man. “There 6 some moths (飞蛾) living in the old tree. Birds needed to eat the moths and then they produced waste for plants to grow. The plants then attracted many 7 animals to your garden. So the tree is important to your garden because it can make your garden beautiful.” “Excellent!” said the king. “I’ll make you rich 8 you make my garden beautiful again.” “I’m afraid you will spend many years on it. It 9 many years to get the natural balance.” said the young man. The king was sad. This was the first time he realized the importance of 10 trees. But all he could do was just to wait. 1．A．them B．their C．theirs D．themselves 2．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 3．A．cut B．cuts C．to cut D．cutting 4．A．In B．To C．For D．At 5．A．explain B．explains C．explaining D．explained 6．A．was B．were C．is D．are 7．A．other B．another C．the other D．others 8．A．unless B．if C．or D．though 9．A．spend B．will spend C．take D．will take 10．A．protect B．protecting C．to protect D．protected 第二节 完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从11-20各题所给的A 、B 、C 、D项中选出最佳选项。 Forests are very important to the Earth. They provide homes for many animals, keep the air clean, and stop sandstorms. But many forests are in 11 today. People cut down too many trees, and forest fires also destroy large areas of forests. Saihanba is a great 12 of how people can bring forests back. Hundreds of years ago, it was a beautiful forest. But then wars, fires and people cutting down trees turned it into a 13 . When the forest was gone, terrible sandstorms started to hit Beijing. In the early 1960s, scientists came to Saihanba to find a way to 14 the problem. They found an old tree and knew it was still possible to grow trees there. In 1962, the first group of tree planters 15 . The work was very 16 . The weather was cold and dry, and strong winds often 17 the young trees. Winter temperatures dropped to -40°C, 18 the workers never gave up. Three generations of workers continued the work. They 19 millions of trees, one by one. Today, Saihanba is green again. It is the world’s largest man-made forest. Their hard work has changed the desert into a forest. It shows that if we work together, we can make a big 20 for the Earth. 11．A．danger B．safety C．peace D．order 12．A．problem B．example C．lesson D．story 13．A．forest B．farm C．desert D．lake 14．A．solve B．make C．see D．start 15．A．left B．arrived C．worked D．grew 16．A．easy B．boring C．difficult D．interesting 17．A．blew away B．picked up C．took away D．put down 18．A．and B．so C．or D．but 19．A．cut B．planted C．watered D．built 20．A．mistake B．noise C．difference D．decision 二、阅读（共两节，满分35分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从21-35各题所给的A 、B、C 和D 项中选出最佳选项。 （A） You may think there is only sand (沙子) in the desert, but it is not the fact (事实). In the desert, there is a little rain, and it is not enough for most plants. But we can see some plants live in the desert. There is water in some places in the desert. We call these places oases (绿洲). People grow different kinds of crops (庄稼) there. People also live outside the oases. They have camels (骆驼), sheep and other animals. These animals live on the desert plants and do not need much water. The animals are useful to the desert people in many ways. They eat meat and drink milk and they use the camels to carry things like water and food. What’s more, the camels can even help people find water. The desert people have to keep moving from place to place. They must always look for desert plants for their animals. When there is no more food for their animals, they move to another place. The desert people are friendly. They would be ready to help the people in need and give them food and water. 21．How does the writer start the text? A．By telling a fact. B．By telling a story. C．By asking a question. D．By giving numbers (数字). 22．What does the underlined word “they” refer to (指代)? A．People. B．Oases. C．Animals. D．Ways. 23．What can we know about camels? A．They can’t carry water. B．They don’t need much water. C．They don’t eat desert plants. D．They don’t need water in the desert. 24．What’s the life of the desert people like? A．Hard. B．Quiet. C．Interesting. D．Exciting. 25．What is the text mainly about? A．Oases and camels. B．The water in the desert. C．The weather in the desert. D．Oases and the desert people’s lives. （B） All around the world, people are trying to stop wasting food in many different ways. The French city of Colmar has a clever new idea. It works with two local farms to give away free chickens to local families. The families feed chickens food they can’t finish. In return, the chickens lay eggs (下蛋), and the families can eat them. At first, more than 200 homes from four parts of the city joined the programme. It turned out to be a big success! Over the years, other parts of the city have joined in. It’s still going strong today. So far, more than five thousand chickens have been given out. A chicken lives up to about four years and it eats 150g of food waste every day. Since the programme started in 2015, it has stopped more than 270 tons (吨) of food waste from turning into rubbish. That is the same weight as about 40 elephants! Why is stopping food waste so important? When food waste goes bad, it produces methane, a gas that warms the planet even faster than CO₂. It produces about 10% of the world’s pollution. That is five times more pollution than all the airplanes in the sky! So, giving chickens to families could help a lot. And here’s the really surprising part: it turns neighbours into friends! Families in the neighbourhood share ideas and help each other build chicken coops (笼). When someone goes on holiday, neighbors help watch over their birds. The programme is simple, fun and helpful. It helps the planet and gives families fresh eggs. That’s why it is still going strong today. 26．Why did the city of Colmar give away chickens to local families? A．To support local farms. B．To cut food waste. C．To make the city cleaner. D．To care for chickens. 27．What can we know about the programme from the sentence “It’s still going strong today.”? A．It is coming to an end. B．It keeps chickens strong. C．It is friendly to the world. D．It continues to be successful. 28．How does the writer show the influence of the programme in paragraph 3? A．By listing numbers. B．By asking questions. C．By telling a story. D．By describing a scene. 29．What can we know about methane from paragraph 4? A．It stops the waste of food. B．It is good for the climate. C．It makes the Earth warmer. D．It comes from flying airplanes. 30．What is a surprising result of the programme? A．People get more fresh eggs. B．Neighbours get closer together. C．Fewer families go on holidays. D．Building coops has become popular. （C） Trees are very important. They give us shade (阴凉处) on hot days. They bring us clean air. They make our cities look beautiful. In Melbourne, Australia, people do something special for trees. The city gives email addresses (邮箱地址) to them! Why? The city wants people to find problems with trees. If a tree doesn’t look healthy, people can write an email. City workers then use the tree’s ID number to quickly find and help it. But something surprising (令人惊讶的) happens. People start writing love letters to the trees! They do not just say, “This tree needs help.” They also write things like, “Dear Tree, you are so beautiful!” or “ ▲ ” Do you want to write to the trees in Melbourne? Just find a tree you like on the city’s special online map and write to it! 31．There are _________ examples (例子) of why trees are important in paragraph 1. A．two B．three C．four D．five 32．The underlined word “problems” means “_________” in Chinese. A．优点 B．种类 C．高度 D．问题 33．City workers can quickly find a tree by its _________. A．Name B．color C．ID number D．age 34．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ”? A．The tree isn’t growing new leaves! B．Thank you for your lovely green leaves! C．Some parts of the tree are rotting (腐坏)! D．The tree is too close (靠近的) to the house! 35．What can be the best title for the text? A．Letters to Melbourne Trees B．The Importance of Trees C．Melbourne Tree Planting D．Love Letters to Friends 第二节 阅读填空（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 根据短文内容，选出适当的句子补全全文，使短文意思通顺，内容完整。阅读短文及文后A—E选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项。 Rainforests are forests that get a lot of rain. It can rain more than 2.54 cm every day! There are rainforests all over the world. 36 They are very warm. The Amazon is in South America. It is the biggest rainforest in the world. More than half of the rainforest is in Brazil. 37 Many plants and animals live in the Amazon. There are more kinds of plants and animals there than other places in the world. 38 There are more than 400 different native tribes(土著部落)! Native people usually stay in the rainforest. They find food and build homes there. They sometimes leave. 39 Still, they live in their own ways. Today, too many trees in the Amazon are cut down by people. 40 What can we do to protect(保护)the rainforest and the wildlife there? A．And it brings bad results to the wildlife in the Amazon. B．The rest are in eight other countries. C．You can find them near the equator(赤道). D．They go to nearby towns to sell food. E．People live in the Amazon, too. 三、项目情境（读写综合）（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 项目情境选择题（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 【项目情景一】社区信息匹配 阳光社区为了丰富居民生活、提供便民服务，在社区论坛上发布了六条信息（A—F）。请阅读以下五位同学的介绍，为他们选择最感兴趣的内容，并将其标号填入题前括号内。 41 . Tracy wants to take a part-time job in her free time to help her family. 42 . Judy is good at singing. Her songs are popular among her classmates and friends. 43 . Tim is interested in Chinese culture and he always wants to learn more. 44 . Li Wei always cares about the Earth and he finds there is a lot of rubbish around his community. 45 . Lisa is a friendly and helpful woman. She is willing to stay with little kids and look after them. A．We will have a music show in our community this Sunday. It will be held in the square. Some singers and dancers will put on a great show. And any talented boy or girl is welcome to show yourself. B．I’m John. I live in a two-bedroom house. I want to find a boy to share the house with me. Do you want to share a house with me? If you’re tidy and looking for a place to live, please call me. C． We will organize a Beach Clean-up Day this Saturday. Would you like to join us? Let’s pick up bottles, plastic bags and other rubbish on the beach together. We will make the beach clean! D．There will be a movie shown in our community centre this Friday night. It’s about the 24 solar terms. You can watch the movie and learn about the rich Chinese culture. E. Sunshine Restaurant in our community wants some part-time workers. They need to help take orders and do the cleaning. They should be free from 7:00 to 9:00 every night. F.Our community centre needs a helper. Are you good with children? Can you help take care of them when their parents are at work? If you are willing to help us, please call us. 第二节 项目情境简答题（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 【项目情景二】绿色生活倡议 【情景一】中Li Wei关注社区垃圾问题，并参加了海滩清洁日活动。受此启发，他加入了学校环保社团，认识了正在做环保项目的Jessica Wong。以下是Jessica在社团分享的环保经验。请阅读短文，回答5个问题。 Going green is very important in our life. I’m Jessica Wong. Today I’ll tell you what our family does every day to protect the earth. It’s said that a family may produce more than one ton (吨) of waste a year. Some of the waste takes hundreds of years to break down (分解). Also, it needs a lot of money to buy new things, and we shouldn’t throw old ones away. To protect the environment (环境), our family uses old things again and again. First, we collect old things every day, such as paper and plastic bottles, and put them into different boxes. Then we take these things to a recycling center (回收中心). At last, they can be used again. Doing this helps reduce (减少) a lot of waste. Also, I use old clothes to make different kinds of bags in my small shop. These nice and useful bags are popular with young people. What’s more, my parents and my brother often ride bikes to work. If it rains, they will take the bus. We also plan to grow our own vegetables. Soon, we’ll have vegetables for meals. We really make a big change for our earth! 46．How much waste may a family produce a year? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 47．How long does it take to break down some of the waste? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 48．Where does Jessica’s family take the old things? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 49．What does Jessica use to make the bags in her shop? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 50．How does Jessica’s brother often go to work? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 四、写作（共三节，满分30分） 第一节 语篇填词(共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分) 根据下列语篇以及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词，在填写答题卡时，要求写出完整单词。 The Earth is our only home. We should p 51 it well. There are many natural resources on the Earth. Fresh water and clean air are very i 52 for us. We can’t live w 53 them. But now pollution is everywhere. We must s 54 wasting resources. Let’s develop good habits to make our home c 55 and beautiful. 第二节 语法填空（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 What do you, the 56 (tree) and rabbits, have in common (共同点)? Don’t know the answer? You all need water. All living things need water. A person can’t live without water for more than a few days. Why? Your body has lots of jobs and it needs water to do many of 57 (they). For example, your blood (血液) needs a lot of water to carry oxygen (氧气) to every part of your body. Water also 58 (help) to protect your body from illness (疾病), to digest (消化) 59 (you) food. So, water 60 (be) important to each of us and we should save (节约) water in our daily life. 第三节 书面表达（共1小题，满分20分） 61．植物对我们人类很重要，它们能制造氧气，提供食物，美化环境、保护地球等。请写一篇短文描述植物的重要性。 具体要求：1. 要点齐全，适当发挥；2. 行文连贯，语法正确，书写规范；3. 文中不得出现 真实的人名、校名、地名；4. 100词左右。开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Importance of Plants produce oxygen give us food, like fruits and vegetables keep us healthy and strong ... ... ... Importance of Plants Plants are amazing and they have the power to change our world. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Let’s work together to make our world greener. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 D B C B A B A B D B 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 A B C A B C A D B C 题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 A A B A D B D A C B 题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 答案 B D C B A C B E D A 题号 41 42 43 44 45 答案 E A D C F 1．D 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文讲述国王砍掉花园里的老树后，动物离开，花园不再美丽。年轻人解释原因，国王才意识到保护树木的重要性。 【详解】1．句意：它们都玩得很开心。 them他们，宾格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；theirs他们的，名词性物主代词；themselves他们自己，反身代词。根据“All of them enjoyed”可知，此处是固定短语enjoy oneself“玩得开心”，需用反身代词。故选D。 2．句意：国王对整个花园都很满意，除了一棵老树。 a一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the这个，定冠词；/不填。根据“old tree”可知，此处泛指一棵老树，且old是元音音素开头的单词，需用不定冠词an。故选B。 3．句意：最后，国王命令一些人把它砍掉，把那个地方变成一个游泳池。 cut砍，动词原形；cuts砍，动词三单形式；to cut砍，动词不定式；cutting砍，动名词或现在分词。根据“ordered some people”可知，此处是固定短语order sb to do sth“命令某人做某事”，需用动词不定式。故选C。 4．句意：令他惊讶的是，树被砍倒后，动物们离开了花园。 In在……里面；To到；For为了；At在。根据“his surprise”可知，此处是固定短语to one’s surprise“令某人惊讶的是”。故选B。 5．句意：一个年轻人走到国王面前，说他能解释发生了什么事。 explain解释，动词原形；explains解释，动词三单形式；explaining解释，动名词或现在分词；explained解释，动词过去式。根据“could”是情态动词可知，后接动词原形。故选A。 6．句意：老树里住着一些飞蛾。 was是，be动词过去式单数形式；were是，be动词过去式复数形式；is是，be动词现在时单数形式；are是，be动词现在时复数形式。根据“There…some moths (飞蛾) living in the old tree.”可知，此处是there be句型，且时态是一般过去时，主语“some moths”是复数，因此be动词用were。故选B。 7．句意：然后这些植物吸引了许多其他动物来到你的花园。 other其他的，后接名词复数；another另一个，后接名词单数；the other两者中的另一个；others其他人或物，相当于other+名词复数。根据“animals”是名词复数可知，此处需用other修饰。故选A。 8．句意：如果你让我的花园再次美丽起来，我会让你变得富有。 unless除非；if如果；or或者；though虽然。根据“I’ll make you rich…you make my garden beautiful again.”可知，此处是条件状语从句，表示“如果”。故选B。 9．句意：恢复自然平衡需要很多年。 spend花费，主语是人；will spend将花费，主语是人；take花费，主语是物或it；will take将花费，主语是物或it。根据“It…many years to get the natural balance.”可知，此处是固定句型It takes/took sb some time to do sth“做某事花费某人多长时间”，且时态是一般将来时，因此用will take。故选D。 10．句意：这是他第一次意识到保护树木的重要性。 protect保护，动词原形；protecting保护，动名词或现在分词；to protect保护，动词不定式；protected保护，动词过去式或过去分词。根据“the importance of”可知，此处是固定短语the importance of doing sth“做某事的重要性”，需用动名词。故选B。 11．A 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．B 16．C 17．A 18．D 19．B 20．C 【导语】本文讲述森林的重要性，以塞罕坝为例，介绍三代工人如何将荒漠变回森林，体现共同努力能为地球带来改变。 【详解】11．句意：但如今许多森林都处于危险之中。 根据后文“People cut down too many trees, and forest fires also destroy large areas of forests.”可知，人们大量砍伐树木，森林火灾也摧毁了大面积的森林，这些行为将森林置于险境。in danger表示“处于危险中”，符合语境。safety意为“安全”，peace意为“和平”，order意为“秩序”，均不符合森林被破坏的处境。 12．句意：塞罕坝是一个关于人们如何让森林恢复的绝佳范例。 根据上下文可知，塞罕坝从荒漠重新变成森林，是成功的典范，a great example of...表示“……的一个出色例子”，符合语境。problem意为“问题”，lesson意为“教训”，story意为“故事”，均不符合。 13．句意：但是之后，战争、火灾和人们砍伐树木的行为把它变成了一片荒漠。 根据后文“When the forest was gone, terrible sandstorms started to hit Beijing.”可知，森林消失后沙尘暴开始袭击北京，由此可推断土地变成了荒漠。desert意为“荒漠”，符合语境。forest意为“森林”，farm意为“农场”，lake意为“湖泊”，均无法引出后文的沙尘暴。 14．句意：20世纪60年代早期，科学家们来到塞罕坝，寻找解决问题的方法。 根据前文可知，森林变成了荒漠引发了沙尘暴，这是一个需要解决的问题。solve the problem是固定搭配，意为“解决问题”，符合语境。make意为“制造”，see意为“看见”，start意为“开始”，均无法与problem构成解决难题的语境。 15．句意：1962年，第一批植树者抵达了。 根据时间线，科学家找到方法后，接下来是植树者来到塞罕坝开展工作。arrived意为“到达”，符合语境。left意为“离开”，worked意为“工作”，grew意为“种植”或“生长”，arrived更能清晰地表明他们是在此时进入该地开始工作。 16．句意：这项工作非常艰巨。 根据后文“The weather was cold and dry, and strong winds often blew away the young trees.”可知，天气寒冷干燥，强风经常吹走小树，说明工作条件艰苦。difficult意为“困难的”，符合语境。easy意为“简单的”，boring意为“无聊的”，interesting意为“有趣的”，均与后文描述的恶劣环境不符。 17．句意：强风经常吹走那些小树。 根据前文提到的恶劣自然条件和“strong winds”可知，强风的作用是将小树吹走。blew away意为“吹走”，符合语境。picked up意为“捡起”，took away意为“拿走”，put down意为“放下”，均无法准确描述风对树木的破坏力。 18．句意：冬天气温降到零下40摄氏度，但是工人们从未放弃。 根据句意，空前“气温极低”与空后“从未放弃”形成强烈的反差，需要用转折连词连接。but意为“但是”，表示转折，符合语境。and意为“并且”，so意为“所以”，or意为“或者”，均无法表达出这种反差关系。 19．句意：他们一棵接一棵地种植了数百万棵树。 根据文章主题和“one by one”可知，此处描述的是植树的行为。planted是动词plant的过去式，意为“种植”，plant trees是固定搭配，符合语境。cut意为“砍伐”，watered意为“浇水”，built意为“建造”，均不符合。 20．句意：这证明了如果我们齐心协力，我们能为地球带来巨大的改变。 根据全文的主旨和“if we work together”可知，共同努力会带来积极的结果。make a big difference是固定短语，意为“带来巨大的改变”，符合语境。mistake意为“错误”，noise意为“噪音”，decision意为“决定”，均无法表达出共同努力带来的积极影响。 21．A 22．A 23．B 24．A 25．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍沙漠中的绿洲，讲述沙漠居民的生活方式，提及骆驼等牲畜在沙漠生活中的重要作用，展现沙漠人群迁徙生存的日常与友善的品性。 【详解】21．第一段首句“You may think there is only sand... but it is not the fact.”表明，作者通过陈述一个关于沙漠的事实来开启文章。 22．第三段提到“They eat meat and drink milk...”及上文“The animals are useful to the desert people...”表明，动物提供肉和奶，食用它们的是沙漠居民（People）。 23．第二段指出“These animals live on the desert plants and do not need much water.”以及第三段提到骆驼可以运水可知，骆驼不需要太多水，但能运水且吃植物。 24．第四段“The desert people have to keep moving from place to place. They must always look for desert plants for their animals.”表明，沙漠居民需要不断迁徙寻找食物和水，生活条件艰苦。 25．文章第一段介绍了沙漠中的绿洲，后几段重点介绍了沙漠居民依赖的动物及其迁徙的生活方式。“Oases and the desert people’s lives”涵盖了绿洲环境和居民生活两个主要方面。 26．B 27．D 28．A 29．C 30．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍法国科尔马市推行的送鸡给居民的项目：居民用剩余食物喂鸡、收获鸡蛋，以此减少食物浪费，同时还能增进邻里关系、降低温室气体排放。 【详解】26．原文首段“people are trying to stop wasting food in many different ways. The French city of Colmar has a clever new idea...The families feed chickens food they can’t finish”，科尔马向当地家庭分发鸡，让家庭用吃不完的粮食喂鸡，核心目的是减少食物浪费，因此选B。 27．前文提到项目最初就取得巨大成功，后续城市更多区域也加入该项目，“It’s still going strong today”指这个项目如今依旧运作良好、持续取得成功，因此选D。 28．第三段出现five thousand、150g、four years、270 tons、40 elephants这类数据，作者通过列举数字体现项目带来的影响，因此选A。 29．第四段“it produces methane, a gas that warms the planet even faster than CO₂”，可知甲烷会使地球变暖，因此选C。 30．第五段“And here’s the really surprising part: it turns neighbours into friends!”，也就是邻里之间关系变得更亲近，因此选B。 31．B 32．D 33．C 34．B 35．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了墨尔本给树木分配邮箱地址，市民给树木写信（包括报告问题和表达喜爱）的故事。 【详解】31．根据第一段“They give us shade (阴凉处) on hot days. They bring us clean air. They make our cities look beautiful.”可知，有三个例子说明为什么树木很重要：炎热天气提供阴凉、带来清洁空气、让城市看起来美丽。 32．第二段“If a tree doesn’t look healthy, people can write an email.”指出，如果树看起来不健康，人们可以写邮件，说明市民发邮件是为了反映树木出现的状况或问题，problems意为“问题”。 33．根据第二段“City workers then use the tree’s ID number to quickly find and help it.”可知，城市工作人员是通过树木的ID编号来快速找到树木的。 34．根据第三段“People start writing love letters to the trees! They do not just say, ‘This tree needs help.’ They also write things like, ‘Dear Tree, you are so beautiful!’”可知，人们开始给树写“情书”，内容不再是报告需要帮助，而是表达赞美。A、C、D项均是反映树木存在的问题或抱怨，只有B项“谢谢你可爱的绿叶”是表达喜爱和感谢，符合“情书”的语境。 35．文章第一段引出树木的重要性，第二、三、四段主要讲述了墨尔本给树木分配邮箱地址，市民给树木写信（包括报告问题和表达喜爱）的故事。A项“写给墨尔本树木的信”最能概括全文主旨，适合作为文章标题。 36．C 37．B 38．E 39．D 40．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了热带雨林的分布、亚马逊雨林的概况、雨林中的动植物与土著居民，以及雨林面临的砍伐问题和保护呼吁。 【详解】36．前文提到“世界各地都有雨林”，后文提到“它们非常温暖”，C项“你可以在赤道附近找到它们” 既承接了雨林的分布，又解释了后文“温暖”的气候原因，逻辑连贯。 37．前文提到“亚马逊雨林超过一半在巴西”，B项“其余的分布在另外八个国家”是对前文“超过一半”的补充说明，完整介绍了亚马逊雨林的国家分布。 38．前文介绍了亚马逊雨林的动植物，后文开始讲述土著部落，E项“也有人生活在亚马逊”起到了承上启下的过渡作用，从动植物过渡到人类。 39．前文提到“土著人有时会离开雨林”，D项“他们会去附近的城镇售卖食物”具体说明了他们离开后的行为，与后文“他们仍然以自己的方式生活”形成呼应。 40．前文提到“太多树木被砍伐”，A项“这给亚马逊的野生动物带来了不良后果”承接了砍伐树木的危害，自然引出后文“我们能做些什么来保护雨林和野生动物”的问题。 41．E 42．A 43．D 44．C 45．F 【导语】本文介绍了五个人的个人信息和某社区论坛上的六条信息。 【详解】41．根据“Tracy wants to take a part-time job in her free time to help her family.”可知，Tracy想找兼职工作，选项E“阳光餐厅在我们社区的需求一些兼职工人。他们需要帮忙点菜和打扫卫生。他们每天晚上7点到9点应该有空。”与之对应。故选E。 42．根据“Judy is good at singing. Her songs are popular among her classmates and friends.”可知，Judy擅长唱歌，选项A“这个星期天我们社区有一场音乐表演。它将在广场上举行。一些歌手和舞者会上演一场精彩的表演。欢迎任何有才华的男孩或女孩展示自己。”与之对应。故选A。 43．根据“Tim is interested in Chinese culture and he always wants to learn more.”可知，Tim对中国文化感兴趣，选项D“这个星期五晚上我们社区中心将放映一场电影。它是关于24节气的。你可以看电影，了解丰富的中国文化。”与之对应。故选D。 44．根据“Li Wei always cares about the Earth and he finds there is a lot of rubbish around his community.”可知，Li Wei关心地球环境，选项C“本周六我们将组织一次海滩清洁日。你想加入我们吗？让我们一起捡起海滩上的瓶子、塑料袋和其他垃圾。我们要把海滩打扫干净！”与之对应。故选C。 45．根据“Lisa is a friendly and helpful woman. She is willing to stay with little kids and look after them.”可知，Lisa乐于帮助孩子，选项F“我们的社区中心需要一个帮手。你和孩子相处得好吗？当他们的父母上班时，你能帮忙照顾他们吗？如果你愿意帮助我们，请打电话给我们。”与之对应。故选F。 46．More than one ton. 47．Hundreds of years. 48．To a recycling center. 49．Old clothes. 50．He often rides a bike to work. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，Jessica Wong介绍了自己家庭为保护地球所做的环保行动，包括回收旧物、旧衣改造、绿色出行和计划自种蔬菜等，呼吁践行绿色生活。 【详解】46．根据文章第2段“It’s said that a family may produce more than one ton (吨) of waste a year.”可知，一个家庭一年可能产生超过一吨的垃圾。故填More than one ton. 47．根据文章第2段“Some of the waste takes hundreds of years to break down (分解).”可知，部分垃圾需要数百年才能分解。故填Hundreds of years. 48．根据文章第3段“Then we take these things to a recycling center (回收中心).”可知，家人会把收集的旧物送到回收中心。故填To a recycling center. 49．根据文章第3段“Also, I use old clothes to make different kinds of bags in my small shop.”可知，Jessica用旧衣服制作各种包包。故填Old clothes. 50．根据文章第4段“What’s more, my parents and my brother often ride bikes to work.”可知，哥哥经常骑自行车上班。故填He often rides a bike to work. 51．protect/rotect 52．important/mportant 53．without/ithout 54．stop/top 55．clean/lean 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述地球是人类唯一的家园，介绍了地球的自然资源、污染问题以及我们应该如何保护地球。 【详解】51．句意：我们应该好好保护它。该处需要一个动词原形，在句中作谓语；上下文提到“地球是我们唯一的家园”，我们应该保护它；情态动词should后需接动词原形，首字母p提示填protect。 52．句意：淡水和干净的空气对我们来说非常重要。该处需要一个形容词，在句中作表语；上下文提到“淡水和干净的空气”，根据常识可知，水和空气对人类很重要；首字母i提示填important。 53．句意：没有它们我们无法生存。该处需要一个介词，在句中作状语；上下文提到“淡水和干净的空气对我们很重要”，人类没有水和空气无法生存；首字母w对应without。 54．句意：我们必须停止浪费资源。该处需要一个动词原形，在句中作谓语；上下文提到“污染问题”，提示语义与“停止、杜绝浪费”相关；情态动词must后需接动词原形，固定搭配stop doing sth.表示“停止做某事”，首字母s提示填stop。 55．句意：让我们养成好习惯，让我们的家园干净又美丽。该处需要一个形容词，在句中作宾语补足语与beautiful并列；make sth.+adj.表示“使某物……”，首字母c对应clean。 56．trees 57．them 58．helps 59．your 60．is 【导语】本文介绍了人类、树木、兔子等所有生物的共同点——都离不开水，并阐述了水对人体的重要作用，呼吁人们在日常生活中节约用水。 【详解】56．句意：你、树木和兔子有什么共同点？此处与rabbits并列，表泛指各类树木，可数名词在此处需用复数形式trees。 57．句意：你的身体有很多机能，它需要水来完成众多机能中的大部分。空格前为介词of，介词后需用人称代词宾格作宾语，主格they对应的宾格形式为them。 58．句意：水还有助于保护身体免受疾病侵害、消化食物。句子陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时；主语Water为不可数名词，属于单数概念，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式helps。 59．句意：水还有助于保护身体免受疾病侵害、消化你的食物。空处修饰名词food，需用形容词性物主代词作定语，you的形容词性物主代词是your。 60．句意：所以，水对我们每个人都很重要，我们应该在日常生活中节约用水。句子陈述客观真理，使用一般现在时；主语water是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式is。 61．例文 Importance of Plants Plants are amazing and they have the power to change our world. Firstly, they produce oxygen for us to breathe. Fresh air is very important for our life. Secondly, plants give us plenty of food, such as fruits and vegetables. They help us keep healthy and strong. What’s more, plants can make our environment more beautiful. They can also hold the soil in place, protect the earth and make the air clean. Plants are so important that we can’t live without them. They are our best friends. So we should plant more trees and flowers and take good care of them. Let’s work together to make our world greener. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：说明文。文章旨在客观、清晰地阐述植物的重要性 明确要点：植物能制造氧气；植物能提供食物（如水果、蔬菜）；植物能美化环境、保护地球（如防风固土、净化空气） 确定人称：第三人称（Plants, they） 注意事项：文中不得出现真实的人名、校名、地名 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：总起句，点明植物具有改变世界的力量 主体段：分点阐述植物的各项具体作用。通过“Firstly... Secondly... What’s more...”等连接词，清晰地罗列了三个要点：①制造氧气；②提供食物；③美化环境、保护地球 结尾段：总结升华，强调植物对人类不可或缺的重要性，并发出倡议（多种植植物，善待植物） [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：植物对人类生存的直接作用 作用阐述：1. 它们能制造氧气，供我们呼吸 2. 它们提供大量的食物，如水果和蔬菜 结果/意义：新鲜的空气对生命至关重要，健康的食物帮助我们保持强壮和健康 要点二：植物对环境与生态的保护作用 作用阐述：1. 它们能美化环境 2. 它们能防风固土，保护地球，净化空气 结果/意义：共同构建了一个更美丽、更洁净的生存环境，体现了植物对地球家园的保护功能 其他要点（总结与升华）： 重要性总结：植物如此重要，以至于我们离不开它们。 情感升华：它们是我们的好朋友。 行动倡议：我们应该多种植树木和花朵，并好好照顾它们。 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $