高考阅读理解 B篇记叙文 （一）-2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

**基本信息** 聚焦高考记叙文高频主题，通过原文定位、语境分析、主旨归纳等方法系统训练细节理解、词义推断、主旨概括能力，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |细节题|4题|原文定位法|通过精准定位原文信息，培养信息提取能力| |原因题|4题|因果关系分析法|结合上下文梳理事件逻辑，提升推理能力| |词义题|4题|语境推断法|依托上下文语境推测词义，强化语言理解| |主旨题|4题|主题句归纳法|提炼文本核心观点，培养概括与逻辑思维|

高考阅读理解B篇 —记叙文 话题：（旧书带来的一课） 话题：（暖心的修车人） 话题：（慢阅读中的乐趣） 话题：（一场改变我的徒步） Passage 1 A Lesson From an Old Book （旧书带来的一课） During the winter vacation, I decided to do a thorough cleaning at my grandparents’ old house. After finishing sorting out old clothes and daily goods, I turned my attention to the dusty wooden bookshelf in the study. It was filled with many outdated magazines and worn-out books that had been left untouched for decades. I planned to throw away some worn-out books that looked useless, thinking they took up too much space and had no practical value for modern life. Among those ordinary old books, I accidentally found a thick dark-blue diary hidden in the corner. It was written by my grandfather when he was a teenage boy in the 1970s. I had never heard him mention this diary before, so I opened it with great curiosity. In his youth, my grandfather held a sincere and passionate dream of becoming a professional painter. He was extremely sensitive to colors and shapes, and drawing had always been his greatest joy. However, his family lived in a remote countryside village and suffered from severe poverty. They could barely cover basic living expenses, so they could never afford expensive art-school fees and professional painting tools. Instead of giving up his dream completely out of frustration, he stuck to practicing painting every night after finishing exhausting farm work. He could only use cheap rough paper and broken old brushes to create simple sketches of village fields, rivers and rural houses. He carefully recorded every small progress, every bottleneck and every failure in his diary. Years later, as the eldest son of the family, he had to take a steady job to support his parents and younger siblings, and painting gradually became only a quiet hobby in his spare time. I used to secretly complain that my grandfather gave up his childhood dream too easily. But after reading every page of the diary patiently, I totally changed my mind. He did not abandon his goal; he just adjusted his way of living to fit reality. He kept painting quietly all his life even though he could not become a professional artist. I realized that holding onto a dream does not mean we must achieve it immediately. Sometimes true persistence lies in continuing what we love steadily even when life conditions are not ideal. Now I keep the old diary on my own bookshelf. It reminds me not to be anxious or impulsive about my own future planning. 1.Why did the author intend to clear out some books at first? A.He thought those old books were of no practical value. B.He wanted to find space for his own new books. C.He planned to collect old‑style diaries of his family. D.He intended to repair the worn‑out bookshelf at home. 2.What prevented the author’s grandfather from entering an art school? A.His lack of interest in professional painting courses. B.Financial difficulty of his whole family. C.His parents’ strong disagreement with his choice. D.The heavy farm work he needed to finish every day. 3.What does the underlined word “persistence” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A.Giving‑up attitude B.Continued effort C.Great success D.Clear goal 4.What is the main idea of the passage? A.A grandfather’s teenage painting experiences are unforgettable. B.People should keep their dreams even under unfavorable conditions. C.Keeping a diary helps people record their personal growth clearly. D.Old objects can bring people valuable memories of their family members. Passage 2 The Warm Bike-repair Man（暖心的修车人） During my senior high school years, I lived a little far from campus and had to cycle to school alone every early morning. The road was usually quiet and smooth, and I had grown used to this daily routine. However, one cold rainy morning in late autumn, unexpected trouble happened on my way. The rain was drizzling continuously, and the road surface became slippery. Halfway to school, my bike suddenly made strange noises and broke down completely. The chain fell off and the wheel could not move forward at all. I stood by the wet road helplessly and anxiously, worrying that I would definitely be late for the important morning self-study and the first class. I had no tools and no one to turn to on the empty road, until an elderly repairman riding his old rusty tool cart slowly appeared beside me. He was a kind-looking man in his sixties, with dark skin and rough thick hands formed by years of outdoor repair work. He stopped immediately and checked my broken bike carefully without hesitation. While fixing the machine skillfully, he told me that he stuck to working along this street every early morning. He specially offered free repair service for student cyclists who met sudden bike trouble on the way to school. He explained gently that he did not run a formal repair shop to make big profits. He just lived nearby and hoped to do some small good deeds, providing convenient help for hurried passers-by, especially teenage students who could not afford extra repair costs. After he quickly repaired my bike, I reached into my pocket to take out money to thank him. He waved his hand again and again and refused politely with a warm smile. “It’s just a tiny help for a student, no need to pay,” he said. I thanked him repeatedly and hurried towards school with a warm heart. Later on, on many rainy and windy mornings, I often saw him patiently helping other students fix broken bikes for free. His small but persistent acts of kindness warmed countless teenagers like me. I used to naively believe that true kindness must be grand and remarkable. But this ordinary old man taught me that genuine kindness always exists in simple daily help. From then on, I have made up my mind to pass this warm kindness to every person around me in my daily life. 1.What trouble did the author meet on a rainy morning? A.He lost his bike on the way to high school. B.His bicycle stopped working on his way to school. C.He got caught in a heavy rain without an umbrella. D.He was late for school because of terrible traffic. 2.Why does the old repairman provide free repairs for students? A.He wants to gain good fame among local teenagers. B.He has plenty of spare time during his daytime work. C.He hopes to bring convenience to people passing by. D.He runs a big repair shop with enough income already. 3.What can we infer about the bike‑repair man from the text? A.He is a generous and warm‑hearted person. B.He used to be a professional bike‑engineer before. C.He opens a small repair store near the school gate. D.He repairs bikes only when the weather is rainy. 4.What lesson did the author learn from the repairman? A.Kindness can be shown through simple daily help. B.People should show thanks to those who help us. C.Bike‑repair skills are useful practical abilities for students. D.Providing free service is a good way to connect with strangers. Passage 3 Finding Joy in Slow Reading（慢阅读中的乐趣） In the past, I was always proud of my fast reading speed. Whenever I had spare time, I would finish novels, magazines and various news articles as quickly as possible. In my narrow understanding at that time, fast reading was absolutely a sign of high learning efficiency. I blindly pursued reading quantity and always tried my best to finish more books within limited daily spare time. However, this fast reading habit brought me obvious problems. I only rushed through lines and pages to complete my reading tasks, but I seldom stopped to think and feel. I could remember the general plots, but I could never fully understand the real emotions and deep meaning hidden behind the words. In fact, I was only chasing the number of books I had finished rather than truly absorbing knowledge and gaining spiritual growth from reading. Last term, my thoughtful Chinese teacher noticed my fast but shallow reading style and kindly suggested all of us take up slow reading. At first, I felt extremely uncomfortable and impatient. Slow reading meant I could only finish one single chapter each day, which was much slower than my previous speed of finishing several chapters a day. Despite my initial resistance, I chose to follow his valuable advice and tried to calm myself down. Gradually, I fell in love with this new reading way. When I slowed down my reading speed deliberately, I finally began to catch the writers’ hidden inner feelings and those tiny but touching details buried in the stories. I learned to pause, reflect and think about the characters’ choices, struggles and growth. I completely abandoned my previous idea of competing for reading quantity. Slow reading has totally changed my attitude and habit towards reading. I finally realize that reading is never a competitive race to count finished books. Instead, it is a peaceful journey of understanding, feeling and thinking. I truly enjoy every quiet moment when I stay calmly with a book. Now I spare fixed half an hour every evening for slow reading, and this peaceful habit brings me far greater satisfaction and spiritual gain than my previous fast-reading style. 1.What was the author’s opinion on fast reading at first? A.It wasted too much of his spare free time. B.It could hardly improve students’ writing skills. C.It stood for high working efficiency. D.It prevented people from communicating with writers. 2.What problem did the author have with his fast‑reading habit? A.He could not remember all the names of characters in books. B.He failed to grasp the deep‑level meaning of reading materials. C.He often felt tired after reading a large number of articles. D.He had no enough time to finish his required school‑reading tasks. 3.Which of the following best describes the author’s change after trying slow reading? A.He reads several chapters every single day now. B.He gives up reading magazines and news completely. C.He begins to appreciate details and writers’ emotions. D.He reads books for one full hour every evening regularly. 4.What is the main purpose of the passage? A.To compare different reading methods used by modern students. B.To share the author’s experience and the value of slow reading. C.To explain why many students prefer fast‑reading nowadays. D.To introduce the practical suggestions given by a Chinese teacher. Passage 4 A Hike That Changed Me（一场改变我的徒步） Several months ago, my class organized an outdoor group hike in the suburban mountain area to relax ourselves from heavy schoolwork. Most of my classmates were excited and looking forward to the trip, but I felt totally different. I had always been physically weak and deeply afraid of long-distance walking and tiring outdoor exercise. Therefore, I agreed to this group activity unwillingly just to follow my classmates. I imagined the whole trip would be extremely exhausting, boring and challenging for me. The whole hiking route was about eight kilometers, including gentle slopes and continuous stone steps. At the very beginning, driven by curiosity, I kept up with the team easily and enjoyed the fresh mountain air and green scenery. However, after two hours of continuous walking under the sun, I felt completely exhausted. My legs ached terribly, my body was sweaty and tired, and I had a strong desire to give up the whole trip immediately. I walked slowly to the team leader and honestly told him that I planned to drop out and return halfway. Instead of persuading me with empty encouraging words, the patient leader gave me a practical suggestion. He told me not to stare at the endless long distance ahead, but just focus on reaching the next small nearby landmark. I followed his useful tip strictly. I set many simple short-term small goals, such as reaching a huge rock, a tall pine tree or a wooden platform ahead. I stopped thinking about the remaining long and difficult road. Gradually, I walked forward steadily step by step without anxiety. Finally, with persistent effort, I successfully reached the mountain top together with all my teammates. The wide, magnificent view on the top completely took my breath away and made all my tiredness disappear instantly. This unforgettable hiking experience taught me an extremely important life lesson. Many big and difficult goals in our life seem impossible to achieve at first sight. We do not need to be scared by the huge whole task. Breaking a big goal into several tiny, achievable targets helps us make steady progress and finally realize our dreams bravely. 1.Why did the author accept the hiking activity unwillingly? A.He disliked long‑distance walking very much. B.He had no spare time on that weekend. C.He preferred outdoor sports with family members. D.He thought the mountain scenery was not attractive. 2.What did the group‑leader advise the author to do when he wanted to quit? A.He should return back down the mountain immediately. B.He should pay attention to the nearby short‑distance marks. C.He could rest for a long‑period before continuing walking. D.He could walk together with other tired‑classmates. 3.What does the underlined phrase “took my breath away”in paragraph 4 mean? A.Made me feel nervous and anxious. B.Caused me to feel physically tired. C.Astonished me with its amazing beauty. D.Reminded me of my earlier‑painful effort. 4.What lesson can we get from the hiking experience? A.Mountain‑climbing can build people’s physical‑strength greatly. B.Team‑cooperation is necessary to finish difficult tasks successfully. C.Setting small separate goals helps achieve large‑scale final aims. D.We should face every challenge with enough courage and confidence. 参考答案与详细解析 Passage 1 答案：1.A 2.B 3.B 4.B 1.原文定位：I planned to throw away some worn‑out books that looked useless。 A选项他认为那些旧书籍没有实际价值，正确；B选项他想要给自己的新书腾出空间，文章并未提及，不选；C选项他打算收集家人的老旧日记，原文是偶然发现日记，并非初衷，不选；D选项他打算修理家中破旧的书架，无中生有，不选。 2.原文定位：However, his family was too poor to afford art‑school fees。 A选项他对专业绘画课程缺乏兴趣，原文祖父热爱绘画，不选；B选项整个家庭经济困难，正确；C选项他的父母强烈反对他的选择，文中没有相关信息，不选；D选项他每天需要完成繁重的农活，农活是课后练习绘画的阻碍，不是无法入学的直接原因，不选。 3.原文定位：He kept painting all his life even though he could not become a professional artist。persistence一词指代持续不断的努力。 A选项放弃的态度，词义相反，不选；B选项持续的努力，正确；C选项巨大的成功，不符合语境，不选；D选项清晰的目标，不符合词义，不选。 4.原文定位：I realized that holding onto a dream does not mean we must achieve it immediately. Sometimes persistence lies in continuing what we love even when conditions are not ideal。全文主旨为即便条件不理想也要坚守自己的梦想。 A选项祖父年少绘画的经历令人难忘，只是故事细节，并非主旨，不选；B选项人们应当在不利的条件下坚守梦想，正确；C选项写日记能够帮助人们清晰记录个人成长，文章没有围绕该主题展开，不选；D选项旧物件能够带给人们珍贵的家人回忆，属于局部信息，不选。 Passage 2 答案：1.B 2.C 3.A 4.A 1.原文定位：One rainy morning my bike broke down on the halfway to school。 A选项他在上学路上弄丢了自行车，原文是车辆故障，不选；B选项他的自行车在上学途中无法正常行驶，正确；C选项他淋雨没有雨伞，文章没有提及，不选；D选项他因为交通拥堵上学迟到，原文只是担心迟到，并未迟到，不选。 2.原文定位：He just hoped to provide convenience for passers‑by, especially teenagers going to school。 A选项他想要在当地青少年当中获得好名声，修车人不求名气，不选；B选项他白天工作有大量空闲时间，文中未提及，不选；C选项他希望给路过的人带去便利，正确；D选项他经营一家收入充足的大型修理店铺，他并没有正规修车门店，不选。 3.原文定位：He offered free repair service for students who met bike‑trouble on their way to school。修车人免费帮助学生修车，可以推断他大方热心。 A选项他是一位慷慨热心的人，正确；B选项他以前是专业的自行车工程师，文章没有相关信息，不选；C选项他在校门口开设一家修理小店，他依靠工具车流动修车，没有门店，不选；D选项他只在下雨天修理自行车，他平日都在街道附近活动，不选。 4.原文定位：I used to believe kindness required grand actions, but this man taught me kindness exists in ordinary daily‑help。 A选项善意可以通过简单的日常帮助展现出来，正确；B选项人们应当感激帮助我们的人，不是文章传递的核心道理，不选；C选项修车技能对于学生来说是实用的能力，偏离主旨，不选；D选项提供免费服务是和陌生人建立联系的好方式，文中没有该信息，不选。 Passage 3 答案：1.C 2.B 3.C 4.B 1.原文定位：I considered fast reading a sign of high‑efficiency。 A选项快读耗费了他大量空闲时间，作者起初并不这么认为，不选；B选项快读几乎无法提升学生的写作能力，原文没有提及写作，不选；C选项快读代表着高效率，正确；D选项快读阻碍人们和作者交流，文中无相关内容，不选。 2.原文定位：but I seldom fully understood the real meaning behind the words。 A选项他记不住书籍当中所有人物名字，文章没有提及，不选；B选项他无法把握阅读材料深层的含义，正确；C选项读完大量文章之后他经常感到疲惫，原文未提到疲惫，不选；D选项他没有足够时间完成学校规定的阅读任务，文中没有相关信息，不选。 3.原文定位：When I slowed down my reading speed, I began to catch the writer’s hidden feelings and tiny details in stories。 A选项他现在每天阅读好几个章节，慢阅读之后他一天只能读一个章节，不选；B选项他完全放弃阅读杂志新闻，原文没有彻底放弃，不选；C选项他开始留意细节以及作者的情感，正确；D选项他每晚固定阅读完整的一小时，原文每晚半小时，不选。 4.整篇文章作者分享自己从快速阅读转变为慢速阅读的亲身经历，点明慢阅读的价值。 A选项对比当代学生不同的阅读方式，文章不是单纯对比，不选；B选项分享作者的经历以及慢阅读的价值，正确；C选项解释当下许多学生偏爱快速阅读的原因，只是文章开头部分，不选；D选项介绍语文老师给出的实用建议，建议只是转变的契机，并非写作目的，不选。 Passage 4 答案：1.A 2.B 3.C 4.C 1.原文定位：I had always been afraid of long‑distance walking, so I agreed to the activity unwillingly。 A选项他十分不喜欢长途步行，正确；B选项他那个周末没有空余时间，原文没有提及时间问题，不选；C选项他更喜欢和家人一起进行户外运动，文章没有相关内容，不选；D选项他认为山间风景没有吸引力，他一开始是害怕徒步，并非嫌弃风景，不选。 2.原文定位：Instead of persuading me directly, he told me just to focus on the next small landmark rather than the whole long distance。 A选项他应当立刻下山折返，领队没有给出该建议，不选；B选项他应当留意近处短途的标记物，正确；C选项他可以长时间休息之后再继续前行，文中没有相关建议，不选；D选项他可以和其他疲惫的同学一同行走，原文并未提及，不选。 3.语境句意：山顶绝美的景色震撼了我。took one’s breath away含义为景色惊艳、令人惊叹。 A选项使我感到紧张焦虑，词义不符，不选；B选项让我身体感到疲惫，疲惫是徒步过程的感受，不选；C选项其惊艳的美丽让我大为震撼，正确；D选项让我想起先前辛苦的付出，不符合短语含义，不选。 4.原文定位：Breaking a big goal into several tiny‑easy targets helps us make steady progress and finally achieve what we want。 A选项爬山能够极大地锻炼人的体能，偏离文章主旨，不选；B选项团队合作对于顺利完成困难任务必不可少，文章重点不是团队合作，不选；C选项设定分散的小目标有助于达成最终宏大的目标，正确；D选项我们应当以足够的勇气信心面对每一项挑战，文章没有着重强调勇气，不选。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $