2027届高考英语阅读理解 B篇记叙文 夹叙夹议文 热题专项训练

**基本信息** 聚焦高考英语B篇记叙文与夹叙夹议文，通过5篇典型文本系统训练细节理解、词义猜测、推理判断等核心题型，提炼“定位原文-语境分析-逻辑推断”解题方法，构建“事件发展-情感升华”的阅读逻辑链，助力语言能力与思维品质提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |细节理解|5题|定位原文关键信息，比对选项与文本表述|依托“事件起因-经过-结果”叙事链，考查信息提取准确性| |词义猜测|2题|结合上下文语境（如因果、同义替换）推断词义|通过情感描写（如“trembling voice”）与行为表现（如“thanked repeatedly”）构建语义关联| |推理判断|3题|分析隐含信息（如人物行为动机、事件影响）|基于“个人经历-转变过程-感悟升华”夹叙夹议结构，考查逻辑推导能力| |主旨大意|5题|抓核心事件与作者情感倾向（如“Kindness is like a seed”）|整合“具体事例-普遍道理”的升华过程，提炼文本核心价值|

高考英语阅读理解 B篇记叙文 夹叙夹议文 题型专练 Passage 1 暖心善举 On a cold winter afternoon, I left the library and headed home. The wind blew sharply, making me pull my coat tighter around my body. While walking past a busy street corner, I noticed an elderly man sitting silently on the ground. He wore thin clothes and held a worn cardboard sign, asking for a little help to buy a hot meal. Most passers-by hurried on without a second glance, too busy with their own business to stop. I slowed down. Having just bought a cup of hot soybean milk and a steamed bun, I hesitated for a moment. Instead of giving him cash, I walked over and handed the food to him. The old man looked up, his eyes filled with surprise and gratitude. He thanked me repeatedly in a trembling voice. I smiled and told him to keep warm, then continued my way home. What surprised me most was what happened the next day. I passed the same corner again and saw the elderly man standing there. He was not begging anymore. Beside him stood a young volunteer, and they were distributing hot drinks to street cleaners and delivery workers. The old man told me that many kind people had offered him help the previous day. Moved by their kindness, he decided to pass the warmth on to others. This small experience taught me a meaningful lesson. Kindness is like a seed. Once it is sown, it will take root and spread everywhere. A tiny act of kindness may seem unimportant to us, but it can light up someone’s whole day and encourage more people to do good. In a world full of hustle and bustle, we all need to hold fast to this simple virtue. 1. Why did the writer slow down on the street corner? A. He wanted to buy some hot food. B. He noticed a poor elderly man. C. The cold wind stopped him from walking fast. D. He met an old friend by accident. 2. What did the writer give to the elderly man? A. Some money and warm clothes. B. A cardboard sign and drinks. C. Hot soybean milk and a steamed bun. D. A hot meal and a coat. 3. The underlined word “gratitude” in Paragraph 2 probably means ______. A. regret B. thanks C. pity D. worry 4. What can we infer about the elderly man? A. He used to be a volunteer for many years. B. He refused to accept any help from strangers. C. He chose to spread kindness after being helped. D. He still begged for food the next day. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The difficulty of living on the street. B. How to help homeless people properly. C. Warmth spreads through small acts of kindness. D. Different attitudes towards beggars. Passage 2 成长感悟 When I entered high school, I fell in love with running and joined the school track team. At first, I was full of confidence and dreamed of winning prizes in school sports meetings. However, things did not go as I expected. I was always the last one to finish in group training, and my endurance was far worse than my teammates. Gradually, I lost heart and wanted to give up. My coach noticed my change of mood and had a long talk with me one afternoon. He told me that no one could achieve success overnight. Every excellent athlete had gone through countless failures and tired training. “The biggest enemy on the way to success is not others, but yourself,” he said. His words struck me deeply. I realized that giving up was the easiest choice, but it would make all my previous efforts meaningless. From then on, I made a strict training plan. I got up half an hour earlier every morning to practice running, and stayed after school to improve my skills. There were days when my legs ached terribly and I felt exhausted, but I never thought of quitting again. Months passed, and my progress was obvious. In the final sports meeting, I even got the third prize in the 800-meter race. Looking back on this experience, I have gained more than just a prize. Life is just like a long-distance run. We will meet tiredness, setbacks and moments when we want to surrender. If we stick to our goals bravely and keep moving forward, we will finally see the fruits of our efforts. Persistence is always the key to realizing our dreams. 1. Why did the writer want to quit the track team? A. He disliked the strict training rules. B. He failed to beat his teammates repeatedly. C. He had no time for school lessons. D. He was laughed at by other runners. 2. What did the coach mainly want to tell the writer? A. Training plans are important for athletes. B. It is normal to give up when feeling tired. C. Success needs constant efforts and perseverance. D. Group training is better than individual practice. 3. The underlined word “endurance” in Paragraph 1 refers to the ability to ______. A. keep doing something difficult B. understand others’ advice C. create new skills quickly D. communicate with teammates 4. What can we learn about the writer after the talk with the coach? A. He trained harder and never gave up. B. He changed to take part in other sports. C. He won the first prize in the race soon. D. He reduced his daily training time. 5. What is the writer’s attitude towards persistence? A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Uninterested. D. Critical. Passage 3 文化体验 Last summer vacation, I visited my grandparents’ hometown, a quiet ancient town surrounded by green mountains. I had stayed in big cities for many years, so everything in the small town felt fresh and attractive to me. What impressed me most was the traditional hand-made bamboo weaving, a local folk craft that has existed for hundreds of years. My grandfather is a skilled bamboo weaver. Every morning, he would cut fresh bamboos and process them into thin strips. Watching his skillful movements, I could not help asking if I could learn the craft. Grandfather agreed happily and began to teach me step by step. At first, the bamboo strips always slipped out of my hands. My fingers were even pricked several times by the hard bamboo. I found it much harder than it looked. I almost wanted to stop, but grandfather encouraged me to keep going. He told me that bamboo weaving requires patience and carefulness, and every fine work is made through repeated practice. I took his words to heart and practiced every day. Day by day, I became more skilled. Before the vacation ended, I successfully made a small bamboo basket by myself. During those days, I not only learned a traditional craft, but also understood the charm of traditional culture. Many old crafts are fading away as modern life develops. However, they carry the memories and wisdom of generations. I hope more young people can get close to these traditional arts and pass them down to the future. 1. Where did the writer go last summer vacation? A. A modern big city. B. An ancient mountain town. C. A famous cultural museum. D. A bamboo craft factory. 2. What was the writer’s difficulty when learning bamboo weaving? A. He had no enough bamboo materials. B. He could not remember the weaving steps. C. Bamboo strips kept slipping and hurt his fingers. D. He was too busy to practice every day. 3. What quality does bamboo weaving need according to grandfather? A. Bravery and creativity. B. Patience and carefulness. C. Honesty and kindness. D. Speed and strength. 4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. The writer learned to weave a basket at last. B. Grandfather refused to teach the writer the craft. C. Bamboo weaving has a history of dozens of years. D. The writer thought the craft was easy at first. 5. What does the writer mainly want to express in the passage? A. The beautiful scenery of the ancient town. B. The way of making bamboo strips. C. The value and inheritance of traditional crafts. D. The happy time spent with grandparents. Passage 4 师生情谊 I used to be a shy boy who was afraid of speaking in public. In class, I always lowered my head and never took the initiative to answer teachers’ questions. Even when I knew the answers clearly, I dared not open my mouth. This bad habit affected my study and communication, and I gradually became less confident. My Chinese teacher Ms. Li noticed my problem. Instead of blaming me for being quiet, she tried her best to encourage me. One day, she asked me to read a short article in front of the whole class. My heart beat wildly, and my face turned red immediately. I stood there nervously, unable to say a word. Seeing my embarrassment, Ms. Li did not push me. She smiled and told me to take a deep breath and try again. With her gentle encouragement, I finished the reading tremblingly. The whole class applauded warmly. From that moment on, I began to change. Ms. Li would leave simple questions for me to answer in class, and she always praised me loudly whenever I made progress. Slowly, I dared to raise my head and share my ideas with classmates. Now, I am a confident and outgoing teenager. I can take part in speech contests and group discussions actively. I am truly grateful to Ms. Li. A teacher’s encouragement is like a warm light, which can drive away fear and darkness in students’ hearts. A few kind words may change a person’s life. We should always cherish the care and guidance from our teachers. 1. What was the writer like in the past? A. He was active and talkative. B. He was shy and lacked confidence. C. He was lazy and unwilling to study. D. He was noisy and hard to control. 2. Why did the writer fail to speak at first in class? A. He forgot the content of the article. B. He was too nervous and embarrassed. C. He disliked reading articles aloud. D. He wanted to make fun of the teacher. 3. The underlined phrase “took the initiative to” in Paragraph 1 means ______. A. refuse to B. plan to C. offer to actively D. forget to 4. How did Ms. Li help the writer change? A. She criticized him for his bad manners. B. She kept giving him chances and praise. C. She asked his classmates to help him. D. She taught him reading skills after school. 5. What can we infer from the passage? A. Teachers’ encouragement matters a lot to students. B. Shy students can never become outgoing. C. Public speaking is the most difficult skill to learn. D. Most students are afraid of their teachers. Passage 5 骑行追梦 Three years ago, I watched a cycling competition on TV and fell in love with cycling at once. I dreamed of riding across the countryside and enjoying the beautiful scenery along the roads. I told my parents about my wish to buy a professional bicycle. To my surprise, they supported me and bought a nice bike as my birthday gift. At the beginning, I only rode bikes around my community in my free time. Later, I wanted to challenge longer routes. On weekends, I would ride to the suburban countryside alone. The roads were not always smooth. Sometimes I met strong winds or sudden light rain. Once my bike broke down halfway, and I had to push it for nearly two kilometers to find a repair shop. Tired as I was, I never regretted my choice. My friends thought it was a tough hobby and advised me to give it up. But cycling brought me endless joy. When I rode past green fields and quiet villages, all my pressure from study disappeared. I also made some cycling friends along the way. We set out together on weekends, shared stories and encouraged each other when feeling tired. Last month, I took part in a city amateur cycling race. I did not win a prize, but I was still satisfied. This hobby has changed me greatly. I used to be lazy and afraid of difficulties. Now I become stronger both physically and mentally. I understand that the pleasure of a hobby lies not only in good results, but also in the whole process of sticking to it. I will keep cycling and chasing my small dream all the time. 1. What made the writer love cycling? A. A birthday gift from his parents. B. A cycling match he watched on TV. C. The beautiful scenery in the countryside. D. His friends’ invitation to ride bikes. 2. What trouble did the writer meet during cycling? A. He got lost in the countryside many times. B. His bike went wrong on the way. C. He had no time for weekend riding. D. The suburban roads were all closed. 3. What did the writer’s friends think of cycling? A. It was an easy and relaxing hobby. B. It cost too much money to keep. C. It was difficult and tiring. D. It was popular among young people. 4. Which of the following is true about the race? A. The writer won a big prize in the race. B. The writer felt upset about the result. C. The writer took part in it with his parents. D. The writer gained a lot from the experience. 5. What change has cycling brought to the writer? A. He has more time to stay with friends. B. He becomes braver and stronger. C. He no longer feels stressed about study. D. He has given up other hobbies completely. 参考答案 Passage 1 暖心善举 1. B 细节理解题 根据文章第一段 While walking past a busy street corner, I noticed an elderly man sitting silently on the ground 可知，作者在街角注意到一位乞讨的老人，于是放慢脚步。A、C、D三项均与原文内容不符。 2. C 细节理解题 根据第二段 Having just bought a cup of hot soybean milk and a steamed bun, I hesitated for a moment. Instead of giving him cash, I walked over and handed the food to him 可知，作者把热豆浆和馒头送给了老人。 3. B 词义猜测题 结合后文 He thanked me repeatedly in a trembling voice（老人不停地向我道谢），可判断老人眼中满是感激。regret 遗憾；pity 同情；worry 担忧，均不符合语境。 4. C 推理判断题 由第三段 Moved by their kindness, he decided to pass the warmth on to others 可知，老人被众人的善意打动，转而向他人传递温暖。A文中未提及老人曾做志愿者；B、D与原文相悖。 5. C 主旨大意题 文章讲述作者一次小小的善举，带动受助老人继续传递善意的故事，核心主旨是微小的善意可以不断传播。其余选项偏离文章主题。 Passage 2 成长感悟 1. B 细节理解题 根据第一段 I was always the last one to finish in group training, and my endurance was far worse than my teammates. Gradually, I lost heart and wanted to give up 可知，作者在训练中总是落后于队友，多次失利后心生退意。文中没有提到训练规则、学业时间以及被嘲笑，排除A、C、D。 2. C 推理判断题 教练告诉作者成功并非一蹴而就，优秀的运动员都经历过无数失败与艰苦训练，战胜自我才是关键。这番话意在告诉作者：成功需要持续付出与坚持不懈。 3. A 词义猜测题 前文提到作者跑步成绩差，结合语境可判断 endurance 意为“耐力”，即坚持完成困难事情的能力。B理解建议；C快速掌握新技巧；D与人交流，均不符合词义。 4. A 细节理解题 根据第三段 From then on, I made a strict training plan... but I never thought of quitting again 可知，听完教练的开导后，作者制定严格计划、刻苦训练，再也没有想过放弃。 5. B 观点态度题 文章结尾点明坚持是实现梦想的关键，结合全文内容能看出，作者十分认同、支持坚持的力量。doubtful 怀疑的；uninterested 不感兴趣的；critical 批判的，均排除。 Passage 3 文化体验 1. B 细节理解题 根据第一段 I visited my grandparents’ hometown, a quiet ancient town surrounded by green mountains 可知，作者暑假去了一座坐落在山间的古镇。 2. C 细节理解题 依据第二段 At first, the bamboo strips always slipped out of my hands. My fingers were even pricked several times by the hard bamboo 可知，初学竹编时，竹条总是滑落，还划伤了手指，这是作者遇到的主要困难。 3. B 细节理解题 根据第三段祖父所说的话 bamboo weaving requires patience and carefulness 可直接得出答案，竹编这项手艺需要耐心和细心。 4. A 细节理解题 由第三段 Before the vacation ended, I successfully made a small bamboo basket by myself 可知作者最终编成了竹篮。B与原文“祖父欣然答应教我”矛盾；文中提到竹编有数百年历史，C错误；作者一开始就发现竹编比看起来难，D错误。 5. C 主旨大意题 作者通过学习竹编的亲身经历，讲述了传统手工艺的魅力，并表达了希望年轻人传承传统文化的想法。文章并非侧重古镇风光、竹条制作或是和长辈相处，排除其余选项。 Passage 4 师生情谊 1. B 细节理解题 根据第一段 I used to be a shy boy who was afraid of speaking in public... I gradually became less confident 可知，作者从前性格腼腆，缺乏自信心。A（活泼健谈）、C（懒惰厌学）、D（吵闹难管教）均和原文不符。 2. B 细节理解题 根据第二段 My heart beat wildly, and my face turned red immediately. I stood there nervously, unable to say a word 可知，当众朗读时，作者极度紧张、窘迫，所以一时说不出话。 3. C 词义猜测题 前文提到作者上课总是低头，不敢回答问题，由此可推断 took the initiative to 表示“主动（做某事）”。refuse to 拒绝；plan to 计划；forget to 忘记，均不符合语境。 4. B 细节理解题 根据第三段 Ms. Li would leave simple questions for me to answer in class, and she always praised me loudly whenever I made progress 可知，李老师不断给作者发言的机会，并且在他取得进步时及时表扬，帮助他慢慢改变。 5. A 推理判断题 全文讲述了老师的鼓励帮助内向的作者变得自信开朗，由此可推断：老师的鼓励对学生的成长和改变有着至关重要的作用。其余选项表述片面或与文意不符。 Passage 5 骑行追梦 1. B 细节理解题 根据第一段 I watched a cycling competition on TV and fell in love with cycling at once 可知，作者在电视上观看骑行比赛后，立刻爱上了骑行。 2. B 细节理解题 根据第二段 Once my bike broke down halfway, and I had to push it for nearly two kilometers to find a repair shop 可知，骑行途中自行车半路出了故障，这是作者遇到的麻烦。文中未提及迷路、没时间骑行、道路封闭等情况。 3. C 细节理解题 根据第三段 My friends thought it was a tough hobby and advised me to give it up 可知，朋友们认为骑行是一项辛苦、劳累的爱好，还劝作者放弃。 4. D 推理判断题 根据最后一段内容可知，作者虽然没有在比赛中获奖，但依然感到满足，并且从这段经历中收获良多。A（获奖）、B（感到沮丧）、C（和父母参赛）均与原文不符。 5. B 细节理解题 根据最后一段 I used to be lazy and afraid of difficulties. Now I become stronger both physically and mentally 可知，骑行让作者身心都变得更强大、更勇敢。C选项“再也没有学习压力”表述绝对化，原文只是说骑行时暂时忘却压力，并非彻底没有压力，予以排除。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $