高中英语单元测试——Unit 5 Working the Land（适中版01）

高中英语单元测试——Unit 5 Working the Land（适中版01）（原卷版） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、听力选择题 1．（本题1.5分）What crop does the woman’s uncle plant? A．Beans. B．Cotton. C．Corn. 2．（本题1.5分）What are the speakers talking about? A．The weather. B．A weekend break. C．A beach trip. 3．（本题1.5分）Who probably picked the woman’s peaches? A．Her son. B．The man. C．Her neighbor. 4．（本题1.5分）Why is the woman growing sunflowers? A．To eat the seeds. B．To enjoy the flowers. C．To sell the seeds. 5．（本题1.5分）Where does the conversation take place? A．In a supermarket. B．On a farm. C．At home. （本题3分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．(1.5分)Why does the woman want to open a checking account? A．To save more money. B．To get a debit card. C．To earn interest. 7．(1.5分)When will the new bank card be probably mailed? A．This Wednesday. B．This Friday. C．This Saturday. （本题4.5分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．(1.5分)What’s new in the newspaper? A．A study about flowers. B．A new way of planting flowers. C．A program about making honey. 9．(1.5分)Who can benefit from planting flowers most according to the researchers? A．People with mental illness. B．Students with difficulty in study. C．Adults with physical health problems. 10．(1.5分)What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers? A．Colleagues. B．Husband and wife. C．Classmates. （本题4.5分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11．(1.5分)When does the man need to turn in his application? A．By January 2nd. B．By May 1st. C．By September 3rd. 12．(1.5分)How many people applied for the program last year? A．Seventeen. B．Twenty. C．Fifty. 13．(1.5分)Who might the woman be? A．A professor. B．A current student. C．An admissions officer. （本题6分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14．(1.5分)How does the woman feel at first? A．Curious. B．Surprised. C．Excited. 15．(1.5分)What in the forest made the man think about rotting? A．Flowers. B．Mushrooms. C．Trees. 16．(1.5分)How many colors of the mushrooms does the woman mention? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. 17．(1.5分)When will the speakers return to the forest? A．On Thursday. B．On Friday. C．On Saturday. （本题4.5分）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18．(1.5分)What field does Lin Xianfeng work in? A．Medical science. B．Mathematical physics. C．Information technology. 19．(1.5分)How did Lin Xianfeng deal with failures? A．He faced them bravely. B．He changed his direction. C．He waited for opportunities. 20．(1.5分)Which word can best describe Lin Xianfeng? A．Tolerant. B．Committed. C．Considerate. 二、阅读理解 （本题7.5分）As the global population is projected to reach nearly 10 billion by 2050, the challenge rests in producing enough food while minimizing environmental harm. Here are some creative approaches to sustainable agriculture.PRECISION AGRICULTURE Precision agriculture uses technology such as GPS, drones (无人机), and sensors to monitor and manage crops with high accuracy. By applying water, fertilizers, and pest (害虫)control products only where and when needed, farmers can lower costs, improve output and minimize the environmental impact of farming practices.VERTICAL (垂直的) FARMING Vertical farming involves growing crops in multiple layers, often in controlled indoor environments. This method uses less land and water than traditional farming and can be used in urban areas, reducing the need for transportation. Although energy use remains a concern, renewable energy sources can make vertical farming more sustainable.REGENERATIVE AGRICULTURE Regenerative agriculture focuses on restoring soil health and improving ecosystems. Practices such as planting cover crops, less digging, and planting trees with crops help absorb carbon, hold water, and support biodiversity. These methods not only benefit the environment but also enhance long-term farm productivity.CROP DIVERSIFICATION Relying on a limited number of crops can lead to soil damage and weakness to pests and diseases. Crop diversification, which involves planting a variety of crops, improves soil health, reduces risks, and enhances biodiversity. This approach is particularly important for adapting to climate change. As the world faces the challenges of feeding a growing population as well as protecting the planet,sustainable agriculture offers a path forward. By adopting creative methods and rethinking traditional practices, humanity can ensure food security while safeguarding the environment for future generations. 21．(2.5分)Which of the following is suitable for urban environments? A．Precision agriculture. B．Vertical farming. C．Regenerative agriculture. D．Crop diversification. 22．(2.5分)What is one of the benefits of crop diversification? A．Reducing waste. B．Using less land. C．Controlling pests. D．Protecting soil health. 23．(2.5分)Why does the author introduce sustainable farming methods? A．To advocate environmental protection. B．To promote the use of renewable energy. C．To support people with less environmental harm. D．To illustrate the concept of food and land security. （本题10分）Among those who rose from the humblest origins to lasting fame, Michael Faraday was outstanding as an example. Born in 1791 to a struggling London blacksmith (铁匠), Faraday received only elementary schooling — reading, writing, and arithmetic at a local day school. Yet from such unpromising beginnings, he rose to become one of history’s most influential scientists. At thirteen, Faraday left formal education and began learning the trade under Mr. Riebau, a bookbinder. His primary duty was delivering newspapers for his master. Each Sunday, he would rise before dawn, distribute the papers, and occasionally request permission to keep a copy for himself. In later life, he seldom encountered a newsboy without a surge of fellow feeling. “I always feel a deep affection for those boys,” he once remarked, “because I once carried newspapers myself.” The bookshop environment proved transformative. Within reach of numerous quality volumes, Faraday consumed them with expanding curiosity. He found himself especially attracted to scientific entries in the Encyclopaedia Britannica, particularly those concerning electricity and chemistry. Night after night, he stayed up late, painstakingly copying passages and drawing diagrams, driven by a deep love for the scientific books that came into his hands. Through sheer determination, he progressively built the knowledge he desperately desired. A turning point arrived when an attentive customer, noticing Faraday’s enthusiasm, gifted him with tickets to lectures delivered by the renowned chemist Humphry Davy. Faraday attended, took exhaustive notes, bound (装订) them elegantly, and forwarded them to Davy along with a written request for a position. Impressed by the young man’s diligence and skill, Davy appointed him as his assistant at the Royal Institution. From a blacksmith’s son with virtually no advantages, Faraday went on to uncover the principles of electromagnetic induction (电磁感应) and construct the first electric motor. His life demonstrates that one’s starting point matters far less than dogged dedication. 24．(2.5分)How did Faraday feel while seeing a newsboy? A．Sympathetic. B．Ambitious. C．Humble. D．Indifferent. 25．(2.5分)What can we learn about Faraday’s handwritten copies of scientific entries? A．They bore witness to his self-education. B．They were elegantly bound and forwarded. C．They were later presented to Humphry Davy. D．They were limited to electricity and chemistry. 26．(2.5分)What helped Faraday become Davy’s assistant? A．His bookbinding skills. B．A ticket from a kind customer. C．His notes with a job application. D．A personal interview after lectures. 27．(2.5分)What message does Faraday’s story convey? A．Birth determines the future. B．Dedication outweighs origin. C．Formal schooling is optional. D．Fortune matters more than effort. （本题10分）Greenhouse gas emissions would rise if all farms in England and Wales went organic. Though the emissions of each farm would go down, much more food would have to be imported, as the amount they would produce would decrease greatly. “The key message from my perspective is that you can’t really have your cake and eat it,” says Laurence Smith, now at the Royal Agricultural University in the UK, who was part of the team that ran the numbers. Smith is a supporter of organic farming and says “there are a lot of merits of the organic approach”, but his analysis shows that organic farming has downsides too. Farming and changes in land use, such as cutting down forests, are responsible for a third of all greenhouse gas emissions. That means reducing farming emissions and the land needed for farming is required to limit further global warming. Smith and his colleagues found that emissions per unit of food are, on average, 20 per cent lower for organic crops and 4 per cent lower for organic animal products. However, organic harvests per hectare (公顷) are also lower on average. For wheat and barley, for instance, harvests are just half of those of conventional farms. This means 1. 5times as much land would be needed to grow the same amount of these foods. The estimated increase in emissions varies greatly, depending on where the extra farmland comes from. If only half comes from turning grassland into farms, the increase could be as low as 20 per cent. If grassland that would otherwise have been reforested is turned into farmland, emissions could nearly double. This doesn’t necessarily mean people should stop eating organic produce, says Smith. People might choose organic food for other reasons, such as to reduce their pesticide exposure (though contrary to popular belief, organic farmers do use pesticides) or for the sake of wildlife. Going 100 per cent organic could also harm global biodiversity. The extra land used for farming would mean the land available for wildlife would be smaller and more fragmented (碎片化的) . Smith says the best option may be to use some organic and conventional farming methods at the same time. 28．(2.5分)Why may greenhouse gas emissions increase if a country goes organic? A．Organic farms take longer to build. B．The agricultural output will increase greatly. C．The emissions of each farm unit will increase. D．Greater demand for imported food will be created. 29．(2.5分)What does the underlined word “merits” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Changes. B．Challenges. C．Advantages. D．Differences. 30．(2.5分)What did Smith and his colleagues find? A．Organic harvests per unit are greater than traditional harvests. B．Organic farming needs more farmland to feed a country. C．Global warming could be brought under control. D．Land was not used in a responsible way. 31．(2.5分)What is Smith’s proposal? A．Stopping using pesticides. B．Eating less organic produce. C．Going back to traditional farming. D．Adopting mixed farming methods. （本题10分）If you’ve spent any time on a roof in the city, you know it is not pleasant — burning hot in summer, windy and freezing in winter. However, adding solar panels (太阳能板) changes everything. They provide shade from strong sunlight and block the wind, making it easier for crops to grow in rooftop gardens. This practice, called rooftop agrivoltaics, is just one example of how creative solutions are changing urban (城市的) spaces into productive environments for agriculture. While the urban heat island effect, which makes cities warmer than nearby areas, can bring challenges to city people, it also offers unexpected benefits to city farms. Jennifer Busselot, a researcher at Colorado State University, said, “We’re actually creating a special micro-climate, like a small greenhouse.” This added warmth can lengthen the growing season, allowing many crops to do well in the city. Urban farms do more than just grow food; they also improve the health and happiness of nearby people. In New York City, Alicia White, founder of Project Petals, creates green spaces in concrete (混凝土) neighborhoods.”Green areas help lower stress and feelings of loneliness while improving heart health,” White said. These gardens provide a pleasant escape from busy city life and a chance to connect with nature. In addition, urban farms help fight “silent hunger” — a problem where people get enough calories but lack essential nutrients. Nikolas Galli, a researcher from Milan, found that using city space for farming could provide fruits and vegetables for 13 to 21 percent of the population. “Every square meter you use can make it easier for people to get healthy food,” Galli said. Whether on a roof or between buildings, these gardens represent a sustainable future filled with hope. As White concluded, “They’re serving as spaces where people can grow, learn, and help to fight climate change.” 32．(2.5分)What is an advantage of rooftop agrivoltaics? A．It offers protection to crops. B．It catches the rainwater. C．It allows wind to pass through. D．It reflects strong sunlight. 33．(2.5分)What does Busselot find about the urban heat island effect? A．It causes serious challenges to crops. B．It forces people to leave cities. C．It brings crops a longer growing time. D．It turns cities into big greenhouses. 34．(2.5分)What does the author try to stress by mentioning “silent hunger”? A．The value of enough calories. B．The size of farming space. C．The absence of balanced diets. D．The chance of getting food. 35．(2.5分)What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Solar Panels Help Urban Farming B．Tips for Creating a Rooftop Garden C．The Danger of Urban Heat Island Effect D．City Farms Support Health and Community （本题12.5分）On his 15th birthday, Wilson Bentley’s mother gave him an old microscope. It was snowing that day, and the boy succeeded in getting a glimpse of a six-sided snowflake (雪花) with the device. 36(2.5分) When he was 17, Bentley asked his parents to buy him a new, better microscope and a camera. Bentley then spent 2 years figuring out how to take a picture of a snowflake under a microscope. On January 15, 1885, he did it, creating the world’s first photomicrograph. 37(2.5分) Outdoors, he collected snowflakes on a wooden tray that was painted black. Once inside, while still wearing big gloves to keep his hands warm, he used a straw (吸管) to pick up the snowflake and place it on a microscope slide. Then being careful not to breathe on the flake, he quickly examined and photographed it. Taking photomicrographs was only half of a long process. In those days, glass plates (感光板) were used to take photographs. Bentley developed the plates in a dark room under some stairs and then carried the plates to a nearby stream to wash them. 38(2.5分) Bentley shared his snowflakes with anyone interested. He sold prints of his photomicrographs for 5 cents each. He wrote articles for scientists and for magazines such as National Geographic. Occasionally, he felt discouraged that few people seemed to care about his work. 39(2.5分) At age 65, he photographed his 5,000th snowflake. Slowly, people became interested. Reporters sometimes appeared at his door. People began to call him “the Snowflake Man” and “Professor Bentley.” 40(2.5分) In 1920, Bentley was elected as one of the first members of the American Meteorological Society, which later awarded him its first research grant in 1924. A．Still, he never stopped. B．The process was difficult and cold. C．Sometimes he did this at night in the dark. D．Jewelry makers copied the snowflake designs. E．Sometimes he handled the snowflake with a feather. F．He dedicated himself to observing flakes of snow for 60 years. G．This was the beginning of a fascination that lasted the rest of his life. 三、完形填空 （本题15分）Farming Agriculture has a long history in China. Much of the wisdom 41 by early Chinese scientists is still useful today.One of China's early 42 scientists was Jia Sixie. He spent his time doing 43 into agriculture. He collected information,did experiments and learned from the 44 of farmers. He wrote a book about farming called Qimin Yaoshu《齐民要术》. It is a 45 guide for farming. Firstly, as a farmer you should do things at the right time. If you sow seeds and 46 young plants at the correct time of the year, your work will be less and the 47 will be better. But if you 48 nature, and do things at the wrong time, you will have to do more work and the results won't be so good. The 49 of the soil is also very important. If the condition of your soil is not good, you should 50 it. Moreover, the best harvest is reached when farmers 51 the crops in their fields. For example, do not plant rice 52 in the same field. But if you plant rice in a field one year and wheat next year, you will 53 good crops. Other scientists said that wheat should be planted with 54 between the plants, but Jia Sixie did experiments and 55 that planting wheat close together is better. 41．(1分)A．discovered B．recovered C．reported D．repeated 42．(1分)A．industrial B．agricultural C．cultural D．commercial 43．(1分)A．search B．research C．experiment D．movement 44．(1分)A．adventures B．advantages C．tradition D．experience 45．(1分)A．practical B．logical C．similar D．regular 46．(1分)A．drop B．increase C．grow D．throw 47．(1分)A．dreams B．endings C．hopes D．results 48．(1分)A．argue against B．go against C．compete with D．deal with 49．(1分)A．application B．situation C．condition D．addition 50．(1分)A．measure B．improve C．protect D．repair 51．(1分)A．keep B．check C．manage D．change 52．(1分)A．one after another B．here and there C．now and then D．year after year 53．(1分)A．win B．collect C．harvest D．plant 54．(1分)A．holes B．lines C．space D．balance 55．(1分)A．showed B．meant C．intended D．decided 四、语法填空 （本题15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Great discoveries can come from unlikely sources. Penicillin is widely considered to be one of the most important medical discoveries 56(1.5分) history, but it was not what Alexander Fleming was looking for when he found it in September 1928. Fleming, 57(1.5分) scientist from Scotland, returned to his laboratory after a holiday and found some mould on one of his plates of bacteria. He observed that the bacteria 58(1.5分) (surround) the mould were dead. 59(1.5分) (surprise) by this, Fleming performed some tests. The results indicated that something produced by the mould had killed the bacteria. He was aware that it could be very useful for 60(1.5分) (treat) wounds. For more than 10 years, Fleming had been researching penicillin and trying to make it into an 61(1.5分) (effect) medicine. Finally, his work caught the attention of some other scientists 62(1.5分) were able to do it. Since its mass production began in the 1940s, penicillin 63(1.5分) (save) millions of lives. One might think Fleming discovered penicillin by accident, but actually this is far from the 64(1.5分) (true). He was intelligent and experienced enough 65(1.5分) (notice) its potential, and his hard work and determination helped get its mass production started. As Louis Pasteur said, “Fortune favours the prepared mind.” 五、书信写作 66．（本题15分）假定你是校科学社负责人李华，计划创办英文期刊Science Insights。诺贝尔奖一直以来备受关注，社团决定以此为创刊号核心内容。请你撰写一篇创刊词，内容包括： （1） 创刊初衷； （2） 简要介绍一位诺贝尔奖得主及其成就； （3） 邀请同学投稿。 注意： （1） 写作词数应为80个左右； （2） 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear readers, It is with great excitement that we launch our new English journal, Science Insights. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The editorial department 六、书面表达 67．（本题25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The Mango Tree—A Friend of All It was a usual cheerful and playful day for Dorothy. The only difference was that her family had shifted to a new apartment. Although she had been in the new house just two days, Dorothy had already started liking her new home very much, not only because of the spacious rooms, but also because of a large mango tree which had lovingly extended its branches across the balcony of her house. The mango tree not only gave a beautiful view but also served as a home for a large number of birds and small animals. Dorothy’s mother was also fond of plants and had kept many potted plants in the balcony. A week passed by. On a Sunday morning, Dorothy was awakened by a loud noise in her neighbourhood. She ran towards the balcony and, to her surprise, found some people chopping (砍) off the beloved mango tree. She ran up to her mother and explained the matter. Dorothy and her mother looked down from the balcony. They saw the women under the guidance of Mr. Denver, cutting the mango tree down. Mr. Denver was the resident of the ground floor apartment. He said angrily, “Look, I am getting this job done under my expense. This tree is blocking my view. I cannot see my car properly because of this annoying tree.” Dorothy and her mother understood that there was no point in having an argument with Mr. Denver. From then on, Dorothy tried all possible ways to take her revenge (报复) against Mr. Denver for cutting her beloved mango tree. She did many tricks such as sticking the gum on his calling bell, pouring sugar in his balcony to attractants, jumping on the floor to create noise, etc. Days passed by. One morning, as Dorothy was helping her mother water the potted plants kept in the balcony, she couldn’t take here eyes away from the fresh green leaves coming from the injured mango tree. Dorothy couldn’t hold her excitement and started jumping with delight. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。      Several days later, Dorothy’s parents decided to invite Mr. Denver and his family for dinner. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________      Mr. Denver received Dorothy’s mother’s gift warmly with a smile. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高中英语单元测试——Unit 5 Working the Land（适中版01） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、听力选择题 1．（本题1.5分）What crop does the woman’s uncle plant? A．Beans. B．Cotton. C．Corn. 【答案】B 【原文】W: Have you ever been to a cotton farm like this before? My uncle switched over to it because he could make more money there. He used to grow corn and beans. M: I’ve never actually been to a farm, so I have no idea how farmers make a living! 2．（本题1.5分）What are the speakers talking about? A．The weather. B．A weekend break. C．A beach trip. 【答案】A 【原文】W: It’s turned cold really early this year. This time last year, I was still going to the beach. M: Well, this is hardly beach weather! Although, I saw on the forecast it will be much warmer starting from the weekend. 3．（本题1.5分）Who probably picked the woman’s peaches? A．Her son. B．The man. C．Her neighbor. 【答案】A 【原文】W: Someone must have stolen fruit from my garden. Nearly all my peaches were gone. Have you seen anyone around my garden? M: No, but I saw your son selling peaches outside the cinema this afternoon. And your neighbor Charles bought some and said they taste good. 4．（本题1.5分）Why is the woman growing sunflowers? A．To eat the seeds. B．To enjoy the flowers. C．To sell the seeds. 【答案】B 【原文】M: Are you growing sunflowers for the seeds? I love eating them. W: No. I just like looking at the big flowers, you can have all of the seeds when they are ready, if you like. 5．（本题1.5分）Where does the conversation take place? A．In a supermarket. B．On a farm. C．At home. 【答案】C 【原文】W: I just bought some strawberries from the supermarket. The salesperson said they were fresh from the farm. M: I’ll go to the kitchen and wash them. （本题3分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．(1.5分)Why does the woman want to open a checking account? A．To save more money. B．To get a debit card. C．To earn interest. 7．(1.5分)When will the new bank card be probably mailed? A．This Wednesday. B．This Friday. C．This Saturday. 【答案】6．B 7．A 【原文】W: Good morning, I’d like to open a bank account. M: OK. What kind of account would you like to open? W: Could you please introduce the different types of accounts to me? M: Sure. We have checking accounts and saving accounts. Checking accounts are for everyday transactions, such as purchases, bill payments. Saving accounts are for saving money and earning interest over time. W: Actually I’d like to apply for a debit card (借记卡). Does that mean I need to open a checking account? M: Yes, you’re right. And there is a minimum deposit of 25 dollars. W: I know. Here you are. M: OK. Just fill in the form and I’ll give you a temporary card. Today is Monday. New bank card will be mailed within three days. W: Thank you. （本题4.5分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．(1.5分)What’s new in the newspaper? A．A study about flowers. B．A new way of planting flowers. C．A program about making honey. 9．(1.5分)Who can benefit from planting flowers most according to the researchers? A．People with mental illness. B．Students with difficulty in study. C．Adults with physical health problems. 10．(1.5分)What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers? A．Colleagues. B．Husband and wife. C．Classmates. 【答案】8．A 9．A 10．B 【原文】W: Is there anything interesting in today’s newspaper? M: Yes. Researchers have recently published a new study about the source of honey. W: Flowers? I just know that without flowers, our food supply would be in trouble. M: Exactly. Now flowers can help humans in another way. Researchers say planting flowers may help people with mental health problems. W: Really? Can we call it “Flower Therapy”? M: Yes! In fact, the U.S. government once had a program that taught soldiers returning from the First World War how to plant flowers. W: I know many soldiers have trouble dealing with the experiences of war. M: The program is not a new thing. Other countries also have similar programs. W: I will plant some flowers in our yard. M: Put your chair out, bathe in the sunshine and watch the flowers as they bloom. It’s really relaxing, right? W: Yes! That is what I want. （本题4.5分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11．(1.5分)When does the man need to turn in his application? A．By January 2nd. B．By May 1st. C．By September 3rd. 12．(1.5分)How many people applied for the program last year? A．Seventeen. B．Twenty. C．Fifty. 13．(1.5分)Who might the woman be? A．A professor. B．A current student. C．An admissions officer. 【答案】11．B 12．C 13．C 【原文】W: This is the admissions office. How can I help you? M: I’m looking for information about applying to your school for the fall semester. When is the application deadline? W: Your application should be in no later than May 1st. We review applications in the month of May, and then invite people to have interviews in June. After the interview, you should know within two weeks if you have been accepted. The start date of the program is September 3rd. M: Okay. How many people usually apply for the program, and how many are accepted each year? W: It really depends. In some years, we have a large number of applicants, and in some years, we have few applicants. Last year, we had fifty applicants, and we accepted twenty. Of those twenty, seventeen decided to come to our school. M: And do you offer financial aid? W: We do. We have a scholarship program, which you can find out about on our website. You can also apply for student loans. We will have an open house at the beginning of the month, if you’d like to join us. It’s on January 2nd at 7:30 p.m. M: I will definitely be there. （本题6分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14．(1.5分)How does the woman feel at first? A．Curious. B．Surprised. C．Excited. 15．(1.5分)What in the forest made the man think about rotting? A．Flowers. B．Mushrooms. C．Trees. 16．(1.5分)How many colors of the mushrooms does the woman mention? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. 17．(1.5分)When will the speakers return to the forest? A．On Thursday. B．On Friday. C．On Saturday. 【答案】14．A 15．B 16．B 17．C 【原文】W: You said a strange thing on our walk today. You said you love to see things rotting. I’m curious to know why you said that. M: It’s nothing to get excited about, but I’m happy to explain. Nature is so clever in the way it makes some things rot away to nothing and then creates new life from what is left over. W: But why did you mention it on our walk? We were in the forest at the time. M: I saw some mushrooms growing on a fallen branch. They help recycle the dead wood, so that more trees and flowers can grow. It’s a beautiful system. W: Yes, nature is an expert recycler—and mushrooms can be as beautiful as flowers. Those little yellow ones were unusual—and do you remember the large orange ones? Best of all were the red ones. M: I could look at things like that all day. The subject really interests me. We’ll have to walk there again next Friday. W: Thursday would be better for me. M: I can’t make it then. I have booked an appointment at the dentist. What about Saturday? W: It’s a date. We’ll explore the magic of mushrooms. （本题4.5分）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18．(1.5分)What field does Lin Xianfeng work in? A．Medical science. B．Mathematical physics. C．Information technology. 19．(1.5分)How did Lin Xianfeng deal with failures? A．He faced them bravely. B．He changed his direction. C．He waited for opportunities. 20．(1.5分)Which word can best describe Lin Xianfeng? A．Tolerant. B．Committed. C．Considerate. 【答案】18．A 19．A 20．B 【原文】 M: Hello everyone, today I’d like to introduce a young scientist. His name is Lin Xianfeng, who is 35 years old and has just won the 2025 science exploration award. Lin is from Zhejiang University and his research lies in the field of medical science. Since he was young, Lin has been curious about how human body works and how to cure diseases. This curiosity led him to study hard and finally step onto the path of scientific research. In the past few years, he has devoted himself to the research of gene-targeted treatments for rare genetic diseases. It was a long and tough journey. There were countless failures and setbacks. However, Lin never gave up. He spent day and night in the laboratory, analyzing data, conducting experiments and discussing with his team. Finally, his efforts paid off. His research made great breakthroughs in finding more effective treatment methods for some rare genetic diseases. Winning the science exploration award is a great recognition of his work. It not only provides him with more funds for further research, but also encourages more young people to engage in scientific exploration. Lin Xianfeng’s story shows that with passion and hard work, young people can make great achievements in the scientific world. 二、阅读理解 （本题7.5分）As the global population is projected to reach nearly 10 billion by 2050, the challenge rests in producing enough food while minimizing environmental harm. Here are some creative approaches to sustainable agriculture.PRECISION AGRICULTURE Precision agriculture uses technology such as GPS, drones (无人机), and sensors to monitor and manage crops with high accuracy. By applying water, fertilizers, and pest (害虫)control products only where and when needed, farmers can lower costs, improve output and minimize the environmental impact of farming practices.VERTICAL (垂直的) FARMING Vertical farming involves growing crops in multiple layers, often in controlled indoor environments. This method uses less land and water than traditional farming and can be used in urban areas, reducing the need for transportation. Although energy use remains a concern, renewable energy sources can make vertical farming more sustainable.REGENERATIVE AGRICULTURE Regenerative agriculture focuses on restoring soil health and improving ecosystems. Practices such as planting cover crops, less digging, and planting trees with crops help absorb carbon, hold water, and support biodiversity. These methods not only benefit the environment but also enhance long-term farm productivity.CROP DIVERSIFICATION Relying on a limited number of crops can lead to soil damage and weakness to pests and diseases. Crop diversification, which involves planting a variety of crops, improves soil health, reduces risks, and enhances biodiversity. This approach is particularly important for adapting to climate change. As the world faces the challenges of feeding a growing population as well as protecting the planet,sustainable agriculture offers a path forward. By adopting creative methods and rethinking traditional practices, humanity can ensure food security while safeguarding the environment for future generations. 21．(2.5分)Which of the following is suitable for urban environments? A．Precision agriculture. B．Vertical farming. C．Regenerative agriculture. D．Crop diversification. 22．(2.5分)What is one of the benefits of crop diversification? A．Reducing waste. B．Using less land. C．Controlling pests. D．Protecting soil health. 23．(2.5分)Why does the author introduce sustainable farming methods? A．To advocate environmental protection. B．To promote the use of renewable energy. C．To support people with less environmental harm. D．To illustrate the concept of food and land security. 【答案】21．B 22．D 23．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了面对2050年全球近100亿人口的粮食需求挑战，精准农业、垂直农业等四种可持续农业创新方法及其优势。 【详解】21．细节理解题。根据VERTICAL FARMING部分中的“Vertical farming involves growing crops in multiple layers, often in controlled indoor environments. This method uses less land and water than traditional farming and can be used in urban areas, reducing the need for transportation.(垂直农业是指在多层结构中种植作物，通常在受控的室内环境中进行。这种方法比传统农业使用更少的土地和水，且可用于城市地区，减少了运输需求。)”可知，垂直农业适用于城市环境，因其占地少、可室内种植且无需长途运输。故选B项。 22．细节理解题。根据CROP DIVERSIFICATION部分中的“Crop diversification, which involves planting a variety of crops, improves soil health, reduces risks, and enhances biodiversity.(作物多样化是指种植多种作物，它能改善土壤健康、降低风险并增强生物多样性。)”可知，作物多样化的好处之一是保护土壤健康。故选D项。 23．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“As the global population is projected to reach nearly 10 billion by 2050, the challenge rests in producing enough food while minimizing environmental harm. Here are some creative approaches to sustainable agriculture.(预计到2050年全球人口将接近100亿，当前的挑战是在最大限度减少环境破坏的同时生产足够的粮食。以下是一些可持续农业的创新方法。)”以及最后一段中的“As the world faces the challenges of feeding a growing population as well as protecting the planet, sustainable agriculture offers a path forward.(当世界面临养活不断增长的人口和保护地球的双重挑战时，可持续农业提供了一条前进的道路。)”可知，作者介绍可持续农业方法的目的是在满足粮食需求的同时减少环境伤害，助力人类应对双重挑战。故选C项。 （本题10分）Among those who rose from the humblest origins to lasting fame, Michael Faraday was outstanding as an example. Born in 1791 to a struggling London blacksmith (铁匠), Faraday received only elementary schooling — reading, writing, and arithmetic at a local day school. Yet from such unpromising beginnings, he rose to become one of history’s most influential scientists. At thirteen, Faraday left formal education and began learning the trade under Mr. Riebau, a bookbinder. His primary duty was delivering newspapers for his master. Each Sunday, he would rise before dawn, distribute the papers, and occasionally request permission to keep a copy for himself. In later life, he seldom encountered a newsboy without a surge of fellow feeling. “I always feel a deep affection for those boys,” he once remarked, “because I once carried newspapers myself.” The bookshop environment proved transformative. Within reach of numerous quality volumes, Faraday consumed them with expanding curiosity. He found himself especially attracted to scientific entries in the Encyclopaedia Britannica, particularly those concerning electricity and chemistry. Night after night, he stayed up late, painstakingly copying passages and drawing diagrams, driven by a deep love for the scientific books that came into his hands. Through sheer determination, he progressively built the knowledge he desperately desired. A turning point arrived when an attentive customer, noticing Faraday’s enthusiasm, gifted him with tickets to lectures delivered by the renowned chemist Humphry Davy. Faraday attended, took exhaustive notes, bound (装订) them elegantly, and forwarded them to Davy along with a written request for a position. Impressed by the young man’s diligence and skill, Davy appointed him as his assistant at the Royal Institution. From a blacksmith’s son with virtually no advantages, Faraday went on to uncover the principles of electromagnetic induction (电磁感应) and construct the first electric motor. His life demonstrates that one’s starting point matters far less than dogged dedication. 24．(2.5分)How did Faraday feel while seeing a newsboy? A．Sympathetic. B．Ambitious. C．Humble. D．Indifferent. 25．(2.5分)What can we learn about Faraday’s handwritten copies of scientific entries? A．They bore witness to his self-education. B．They were elegantly bound and forwarded. C．They were later presented to Humphry Davy. D．They were limited to electricity and chemistry. 26．(2.5分)What helped Faraday become Davy’s assistant? A．His bookbinding skills. B．A ticket from a kind customer. C．His notes with a job application. D．A personal interview after lectures. 27．(2.5分)What message does Faraday’s story convey? A．Birth determines the future. B．Dedication outweighs origin. C．Formal schooling is optional. D．Fortune matters more than effort. 【答案】24．A 25．A 26．C 27．B 【导语】主要介绍科学家法拉第出身贫寒、坚持自学成才，凭借勤奋与执着获得机遇并取得伟大科学成就的人生经历。 【详解】24．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In later life, he seldom encountered a newsboy without a surge of fellow feeling. “I always feel a deep affection for those boys,” he once remarked, “because I once carried newspapers myself.”(步入晚年，他每每见到报童，心中都会泛起同病相怜之感。他曾坦言：“我对这些少年始终心怀深厚情意，只因我自己也曾干过送报的活。”)” 可知，法拉第看到报童时会产生共情、同情的心理。 25．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Night after night, he stayed up late, painstakingly copying passages and drawing diagrams, driven by a deep love for the scientific books that came into his hands. Through sheer determination, he progressively built the knowledge he desperately desired.(一夜又一夜，他熬夜到很晚，用心摘抄段落、绘制图表，支撑他的是对手中科普书籍深沉的热爱。凭借十足的毅力，他一点点积累起自己极度渴求的知识。)”可知，这些手写摘抄内容见证了法拉第无人教导、完全依靠自学积累知识的过程。 26．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Faraday attended, took exhaustive notes, bound (装订) them elegantly, and forwarded them to Davy along with a written request for a position. Impressed by the young man’s diligence and skill, Davy appointed him as his assistant at the Royal Institution.(法拉第参加讲座、详尽记录、精心装订笔记，连同求职申请一并交给戴维，其勤奋与能力打动戴维，被聘为助手。)”可知，完整的笔记与求职申请帮助他获得了助手职位。 27．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是尾段中的“From a blacksmith’s son with virtually no advantages, Faraday went on to uncover the principles of electromagnetic induction (电磁感应) and construct the first electric motor. His life demonstrates that one’s starting point matters far less than dogged dedication.(出身平凡、毫无优势的铁匠之子法拉第，发现电磁感应原理、造出首台电动机。他的人生证明，相较于坚定的付出，出身微不足道。)”可知，文章旨在告诉读者，执着的付出与奉献远比出身背景重要。 （本题10分）Greenhouse gas emissions would rise if all farms in England and Wales went organic. Though the emissions of each farm would go down, much more food would have to be imported, as the amount they would produce would decrease greatly. “The key message from my perspective is that you can’t really have your cake and eat it,” says Laurence Smith, now at the Royal Agricultural University in the UK, who was part of the team that ran the numbers. Smith is a supporter of organic farming and says “there are a lot of merits of the organic approach”, but his analysis shows that organic farming has downsides too. Farming and changes in land use, such as cutting down forests, are responsible for a third of all greenhouse gas emissions. That means reducing farming emissions and the land needed for farming is required to limit further global warming. Smith and his colleagues found that emissions per unit of food are, on average, 20 per cent lower for organic crops and 4 per cent lower for organic animal products. However, organic harvests per hectare (公顷) are also lower on average. For wheat and barley, for instance, harvests are just half of those of conventional farms. This means 1. 5times as much land would be needed to grow the same amount of these foods. The estimated increase in emissions varies greatly, depending on where the extra farmland comes from. If only half comes from turning grassland into farms, the increase could be as low as 20 per cent. If grassland that would otherwise have been reforested is turned into farmland, emissions could nearly double. This doesn’t necessarily mean people should stop eating organic produce, says Smith. People might choose organic food for other reasons, such as to reduce their pesticide exposure (though contrary to popular belief, organic farmers do use pesticides) or for the sake of wildlife. Going 100 per cent organic could also harm global biodiversity. The extra land used for farming would mean the land available for wildlife would be smaller and more fragmented (碎片化的) . Smith says the best option may be to use some organic and conventional farming methods at the same time. 28．(2.5分)Why may greenhouse gas emissions increase if a country goes organic? A．Organic farms take longer to build. B．The agricultural output will increase greatly. C．The emissions of each farm unit will increase. D．Greater demand for imported food will be created. 29．(2.5分)What does the underlined word “merits” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Changes. B．Challenges. C．Advantages. D．Differences. 30．(2.5分)What did Smith and his colleagues find? A．Organic harvests per unit are greater than traditional harvests. B．Organic farming needs more farmland to feed a country. C．Global warming could be brought under control. D．Land was not used in a responsible way. 31．(2.5分)What is Smith’s proposal? A．Stopping using pesticides. B．Eating less organic produce. C．Going back to traditional farming. D．Adopting mixed farming methods. 【答案】28．D 29．C 30．B 31．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了如果英格兰和威尔士的所有农场都转为有机农业，温室气体排放可能会增加的问题。 【详解】28．细节理解题。根据第一段“Greenhouse gas emissions would rise if all farms in England and Wales went organic. Though the emissions of each farm would go down, much more food would have to be imported, as the amount they would produce would decrease greatly.(如果英格兰和威尔士的所有农场都采用有机农业，温室气体排放将会增加。尽管每个农场的排放量会下降，但由于它们的产量会大幅下降，因此必须进口更多的食物。)”可知，如果一个国家采用有机农业，温室气体排放可能会增加是因为将创造更大的进口食品需求。故选D。 29．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Smith is a supporter of organic farming and says “there are a lot of merits of the organic approach”, but his analysis shows that organic farming has downsides too.(史密斯是有机农业的支持者，他表示“有机种植模式有着诸多merits”，但他的分析也表明，有机农业同样存在弊端。)”可知，句中but为核心转折连接词，前后语义相反。后半句的downsides意为“弊端、缺点”，因此前半句的merits必然是其反义词，即“优势、优点”。故选C。 30．细节理解题。根据第四段“Smith and his colleagues found that emissions per unit of food are, on average, 20 per cent lower for organic crops and 4 per cent lower for organic animal products. However, organic harvests per hectare (公顷) are also lower on average. For wheat and barley, for instance, harvests are just half of those of conventional farms. This means 1. 5times as much land would be needed to grow the same amount of these foods.(史密斯和他的同事发现，有机作物每单位食物的排放量平均低20%，有机动物产品的排放量平均低4%。然而，平均每公顷有机作物的产量也较低。例如，小麦和大麦的产量仅为传统农场的一半。这意味着种植相同数量的这些食物需要1.5倍的土地。)”可知，史密斯和他的同事发现有机农业需要更多的农田来养活一个国家。故选B。 31．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Smith says the best option may be to use some organic and conventional farming methods at the same time.(史密斯说，最好的选择可能是同时使用一些有机和传统农业方法。)”可知，史密斯的建议是采用混合耕作方法。故选D。 （本题10分）If you’ve spent any time on a roof in the city, you know it is not pleasant — burning hot in summer, windy and freezing in winter. However, adding solar panels (太阳能板) changes everything. They provide shade from strong sunlight and block the wind, making it easier for crops to grow in rooftop gardens. This practice, called rooftop agrivoltaics, is just one example of how creative solutions are changing urban (城市的) spaces into productive environments for agriculture. While the urban heat island effect, which makes cities warmer than nearby areas, can bring challenges to city people, it also offers unexpected benefits to city farms. Jennifer Busselot, a researcher at Colorado State University, said, “We’re actually creating a special micro-climate, like a small greenhouse.” This added warmth can lengthen the growing season, allowing many crops to do well in the city. Urban farms do more than just grow food; they also improve the health and happiness of nearby people. In New York City, Alicia White, founder of Project Petals, creates green spaces in concrete (混凝土) neighborhoods.”Green areas help lower stress and feelings of loneliness while improving heart health,” White said. These gardens provide a pleasant escape from busy city life and a chance to connect with nature. In addition, urban farms help fight “silent hunger” — a problem where people get enough calories but lack essential nutrients. Nikolas Galli, a researcher from Milan, found that using city space for farming could provide fruits and vegetables for 13 to 21 percent of the population. “Every square meter you use can make it easier for people to get healthy food,” Galli said. Whether on a roof or between buildings, these gardens represent a sustainable future filled with hope. As White concluded, “They’re serving as spaces where people can grow, learn, and help to fight climate change.” 32．(2.5分)What is an advantage of rooftop agrivoltaics? A．It offers protection to crops. B．It catches the rainwater. C．It allows wind to pass through. D．It reflects strong sunlight. 33．(2.5分)What does Busselot find about the urban heat island effect? A．It causes serious challenges to crops. B．It forces people to leave cities. C．It brings crops a longer growing time. D．It turns cities into big greenhouses. 34．(2.5分)What does the author try to stress by mentioning “silent hunger”? A．The value of enough calories. B．The size of farming space. C．The absence of balanced diets. D．The chance of getting food. 35．(2.5分)What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Solar Panels Help Urban Farming B．Tips for Creating a Rooftop Garden C．The Danger of Urban Heat Island Effect D．City Farms Support Health and Community 【答案】32．A 33．C 34．C 35．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍城市农业的多种价值：屋顶农光互补为作物提供保护，城市热岛效应延长作物生长期，同时城市农场能改善居民健康、缓解隐性饥饿，助力社区与生态发展。 【详解】32．细节理解题。根据第一段中“They provide shade from strong sunlight and block the wind, making it easier for crops to grow in rooftop gardens.(它们能遮挡强烈的阳光，阻挡风力，使得屋顶花园里的作物更容易生长)”可知，屋顶农光互补模式能遮挡强光、阻挡大风，为农作物生长创造有利条件，本质是为农作物提供保护。故选A项。 33．细节理解题。根据第二段中“This added warmth can lengthen the growing season, allowing many crops to do well in the city.( 这种额外的温暖可以延长作物的生长季节，让许多作物在城市中也能茁壮成长)”可知，布塞尔奥特指出城市热岛效应带来的额外热量能延长农作物的生长季，让作物在城市良好生长。故选C项。 34．推理判断题。根据第四段中“In addition, urban farms help fight “silent hunger” — a problem where people get enough calories but lack essential nutrients. Nikolas Galli, a researcher from Milan, found that using city space for farming could provide fruits and vegetables for 13 to 21 percent of the population.(此外，城市农场有助于解决“隐性饥饿”问题——即人们摄入了足够的热量，但却缺乏必要的营养物质。来自米兰的研究员尼科拉斯·加利发现，利用城市空间进行农业生产能够为 13%至 21%的人口提供水果和蔬菜)”可知，“隐性饥饿” 指人们热量摄入充足但缺乏必需营养素，核心是饮食不均衡。由此推知，作者提及该问题是为了强调城市农场能提供果蔬、弥补这一缺陷。故选C项。 35．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲的是城市农业的多种价值：屋顶农光互补为作物提供保护，城市热岛效应延长作物生长期，同时城市农场能改善居民健康、缓解隐性饥饿，助力社区与生态发展。由此可知，这篇文章最适合的标题是“城市农场促进健康与社区发展”。故选D项。 （本题12.5分）On his 15th birthday, Wilson Bentley’s mother gave him an old microscope. It was snowing that day, and the boy succeeded in getting a glimpse of a six-sided snowflake (雪花) with the device. 36(2.5分) When he was 17, Bentley asked his parents to buy him a new, better microscope and a camera. Bentley then spent 2 years figuring out how to take a picture of a snowflake under a microscope. On January 15, 1885, he did it, creating the world’s first photomicrograph. 37(2.5分) Outdoors, he collected snowflakes on a wooden tray that was painted black. Once inside, while still wearing big gloves to keep his hands warm, he used a straw (吸管) to pick up the snowflake and place it on a microscope slide. Then being careful not to breathe on the flake, he quickly examined and photographed it. Taking photomicrographs was only half of a long process. In those days, glass plates (感光板) were used to take photographs. Bentley developed the plates in a dark room under some stairs and then carried the plates to a nearby stream to wash them. 38(2.5分) Bentley shared his snowflakes with anyone interested. He sold prints of his photomicrographs for 5 cents each. He wrote articles for scientists and for magazines such as National Geographic. Occasionally, he felt discouraged that few people seemed to care about his work. 39(2.5分) At age 65, he photographed his 5,000th snowflake. Slowly, people became interested. Reporters sometimes appeared at his door. People began to call him “the Snowflake Man” and “Professor Bentley.” 40(2.5分) In 1920, Bentley was elected as one of the first members of the American Meteorological Society, which later awarded him its first research grant in 1924. A．Still, he never stopped. B．The process was difficult and cold. C．Sometimes he did this at night in the dark. D．Jewelry makers copied the snowflake designs. E．Sometimes he handled the snowflake with a feather. F．He dedicated himself to observing flakes of snow for 60 years. G．This was the beginning of a fascination that lasted the rest of his life. 【答案】36．G 37．B 38．C 39．A 40．D 【导语】文章讲述了Wilson Bentley从15岁迷恋雪花开始，通过自制设备拍摄世界上首张雪花显微照片，并克服严寒与技术困难持续研究多年，最终其成果获得认可。 【详解】36．上文“On his 15th birthday, Wilson Bentley’s mother gave him an old microscope. It was snowing that day, and the boy succeeded in getting a glimpse of a six-sided snowflake (雪花) with the device. (在Wilson Bentley 15岁生日那天，他的母亲送给他一台旧显微镜。那天正在下雪，这个男孩用这台仪器成功地看到了一个六边形的雪花。)”讲述Bentley在15岁生日时首次用显微镜看到六边形雪花，下文“When he was 17, Bentley asked his parents to buy him a new, better microscope and a camera. (在他17岁那年，Bentley请求父母给他买一台新的、更好的显微镜以及一台相机。)”提到他在17岁时想要更好的显微镜和相机，因此G项“This was the beginning of a fascination that lasted the rest of his life. (这是他终生迷恋雪花的开端。)”符合语境，指出首次看到雪花的经历对他产生了深远影响，承上启下。 37．下文“Outdoors, he collected snowflakes on a wooden tray that was painted black. Once inside, while still wearing big gloves to keep his hands warm, he used a straw (吸管) to pick up the snowflake and place it on a microscope slide. Then being careful not to breathe on the flake, he quickly examined and photographed it. (在户外，他将雪花收集在一块涂成黑色的木托盘里。回到室内后，尽管仍戴着大手套以保持双手温暖，他还是用一根吸管将雪花吸起，并将其放在显微镜载玻片上。然后，他小心翼翼地避免对着雪花哈气，迅速对其进行观察并拍照。)”详细描述他在户外收集雪花、用吸管移动雪花、小心避免呼吸影响等细节，因此B项“The process was difficult and cold. (这个过程既困难又寒冷。)”符合语境，可作为段首句概括这一段的主题，统领下文。 38．上文“Bentley developed the plates in a dark room under some stairs and then carried the plates to a nearby stream to wash them. (Bentley在楼梯下的一间暗室里冲洗这些感光板，然后把感光板拿到附近的小溪里冲洗。)”描述他冲洗感光板的方法和过程，因此C项“Sometimes he did this at night in the dark. (有时他在黑暗中夜间进行。)”符合语境，补充说明他冲洗感光板的另一方法，和上文是并列关系。 39．上文“Occasionally, he felt discouraged that few people seemed to care about his work. (有时，他会感到有些沮丧，因为似乎很少有人关心他的工作。)”提到他有时会沮丧，下文“At age 65, he photographed his 5,000th snowflake. (在65岁那年，他拍摄了自己第5000片雪花的照片。)”表明他仍坚持着这项热爱，因此A项“Still, he never stopped. (尽管如此，他从未停止。)”符合语境，和上文构成转折，衔接下文的坚持。 40．上文“Slowly, people became interested. Reporters sometimes appeared at his door. People began to call him “the Snowflake Man” and “Professor Bentley.” (渐渐地，人们开始对他产生了兴趣。记者们有时会来到他家门前。人们开始称他为“雪花先生”和“Bentley教授”。)”指出他受到关注，并列举具体事例佐证，因此D项“Jewelry makers copied the snowflake designs. (珠宝制造商仿制雪花设计。)”符合语境，说明他的工作启发了艺术和商业领域，和上文的事例并列，句式相仿，共同支撑段首提到的关注。 三、完形填空 （本题15分）Farming Agriculture has a long history in China. Much of the wisdom 41 by early Chinese scientists is still useful today.One of China's early 42 scientists was Jia Sixie. He spent his time doing 43 into agriculture. He collected information,did experiments and learned from the 44 of farmers. He wrote a book about farming called Qimin Yaoshu《齐民要术》. It is a 45 guide for farming. Firstly, as a farmer you should do things at the right time. If you sow seeds and 46 young plants at the correct time of the year, your work will be less and the 47 will be better. But if you 48 nature, and do things at the wrong time, you will have to do more work and the results won't be so good. The 49 of the soil is also very important. If the condition of your soil is not good, you should 50 it. Moreover, the best harvest is reached when farmers 51 the crops in their fields. For example, do not plant rice 52 in the same field. But if you plant rice in a field one year and wheat next year, you will 53 good crops. Other scientists said that wheat should be planted with 54 between the plants, but Jia Sixie did experiments and 55 that planting wheat close together is better. 41．(1分)A．discovered B．recovered C．reported D．repeated 42．(1分)A．industrial B．agricultural C．cultural D．commercial 43．(1分)A．search B．research C．experiment D．movement 44．(1分)A．adventures B．advantages C．tradition D．experience 45．(1分)A．practical B．logical C．similar D．regular 46．(1分)A．drop B．increase C．grow D．throw 47．(1分)A．dreams B．endings C．hopes D．results 48．(1分)A．argue against B．go against C．compete with D．deal with 49．(1分)A．application B．situation C．condition D．addition 50．(1分)A．measure B．improve C．protect D．repair 51．(1分)A．keep B．check C．manage D．change 52．(1分)A．one after another B．here and there C．now and then D．year after year 53．(1分)A．win B．collect C．harvest D．plant 54．(1分)A．holes B．lines C．space D．balance 55．(1分)A．showed B．meant C．intended D．decided 【答案】 41．A 42．B 43．B 44．D 45．A 46．C 47．D 48．B 49．C 50．B 51．D 52．D 53．C 54．C 55．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章文章介绍了中国农业的悠久历史，特别是贾思勰的农业研究及其著作《齐民要术》中的实用农业指导原则。 【详解】41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：农业在中国有着悠久的历史。早期中国科学家发现的许多智慧在今天仍然有用。A. discovered发现；B. recovered恢复；C. reported报道；D. repeated重复。根据空格前的wisdom和下文的scientists可知，此处是指“被科学家发现的”智慧。故选A项。 42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：贾思勰是中国早期的农业科学家之一。A. industrial工业的；B. agricultural农业的；C. cultural文化的；D. commercial商业的。根据下文的agriculture可知，此处是指“农业的”科学家。故选B项。 43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把时间花在研究农业上。A. search搜寻；B. research研究；C. experiment实验；D. movement移动。根据下文“He collected information,did experiments(他收集信息，做实验)”可知，此处是指“研究”农业。故选B项。 44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他收集资料，做实验，学习农民的经验。A. adventures冒险；B. advantages优点；C. tradition传统；D. experience经验。根据上文“ agriculture”可知，他花时间研究农业，所以他学习的对象应该是与农业相关的知识或实践，农民的“经验”是农业研究的重要来源，符合句子的逻辑和语境。故选D项。 45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一本实用的耕作指南。A. practical实用的；B. logical逻辑的；C. similar相似的；D. regular定期的。根据下文“guide for farming(耕作指南)”可知，这本书是关于农业的指南，因此空格处最合适的形容词是“practical(实用的)”，用它强调这本书在实际农业操作中的实用性。故选A项。 46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你在一年中正确的时间播种和种植幼苗，你的工作将会减少，结果将会更好。A. drop掉落；B. increase增加；C. grow生长；D. throw扔。根据上文的“sow seeds(播种)”可知，此处是指“种植”幼苗。故选C项。 47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. dreams梦想；B. endings结尾；C. hopes希望；D. results结果。根据上文“If you sow seeds and　　　　6　　　　young plants at the correct time of the year”以及下文“the results”可知，如果农民在正确的时间播种和种植，他们的工作会减少，所以此处指“结果”会更好。故选D项。 48．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但如果你违背自然规律，在错误的时间做事，你将不得不做更多的工作，结果不会那么好。A. argue against反驳；B. go against违背；C. compete with与……竞争；D. deal with处理。根据下文“do things at the wrong time(在错误的时间做事)”可知，此处是指“违背”自然规律。故选B项。 49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：土壤的状况也很重要。A. application申请；B. situation情况；C. condition条件；D. addition增加。根据下文“If the condition of your soil is not good(如果你的土壤条件不好)”可知，此处是指土壤“条件”。故选C项。 50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你的土壤条件不好，你应该改善它。A. measure测量；B. improve改善；C. protect保护；D. repair修理。根据上文“The　　　9　　　　　of the soil is also very important”可知，土壤条件很重要，所以此处是指要“改善”土壤。故选B项。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，最好的收成是在农民更换田里的作物时获得的。A. keep保持；B. check检查；C. manage管理；D. change改变。根据上文“the best harvest is reached(最好的收成就到了)”可知，此处是指“更换”田里作物能获得好的收成。故选D项。 52．考查短语辨析。句意：例如，不要在同一块地里年复一年地种植水稻。A. one after another一个接一个地；B. here and there到处；C. now and then偶尔；D. year after year年复一年。根据下文“in the same field(在同一块地里)”可知，此处是指不要“年复一年地”重复在一块地种植水稻，这才能有好收成。故选D项。 53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，如果你今年在一块地里种水稻，明年种小麦，你就会收获好收成。A. win获胜；B. collect收集；C. harvest收获；D. plant种植。根据上文“But if you plant rice in a field one year and wheat next year,(但如果你今年在一块地里种水稻，明年种小麦，)”可知，此处是指“收获”好收成。故选C项。 54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他科学家说，小麦应该在植株之间留出空间种植，但贾思勰做了实验，表明紧密种植小麦更好。A. holes洞穴；B. lines线条；C. space空间；D. balance平衡。根据下文“between the plants”可知，此处是指在植株之间留出“空间”种植。故选C项。 55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. showed展示；B. meant意味着；C. intended打算；D. decided决定。根据下文“planting wheat close together is better.(小麦挨着种比较好。)”可知，此处贾思勰通过实验“展示”了这一结论。故选A项。 四、语法填空 （本题15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Great discoveries can come from unlikely sources. Penicillin is widely considered to be one of the most important medical discoveries 56(1.5分) history, but it was not what Alexander Fleming was looking for when he found it in September 1928. Fleming, 57(1.5分) scientist from Scotland, returned to his laboratory after a holiday and found some mould on one of his plates of bacteria. He observed that the bacteria 58(1.5分) (surround) the mould were dead. 59(1.5分) (surprise) by this, Fleming performed some tests. The results indicated that something produced by the mould had killed the bacteria. He was aware that it could be very useful for 60(1.5分) (treat) wounds. For more than 10 years, Fleming had been researching penicillin and trying to make it into an 61(1.5分) (effect) medicine. Finally, his work caught the attention of some other scientists 62(1.5分) were able to do it. Since its mass production began in the 1940s, penicillin 63(1.5分) (save) millions of lives. One might think Fleming discovered penicillin by accident, but actually this is far from the 64(1.5分) (true). He was intelligent and experienced enough 65(1.5分) (notice) its potential, and his hard work and determination helped get its mass production started. As Louis Pasteur said, “Fortune favours the prepared mind.” 【答案】 56．in 57．a 58．surrounding 59．Surprised 60．treating 61．effective 62．who/that 63．has saved 64．truth 65．to notice 【导语】文章主要讲述了青霉素的发现过程，指出这一伟大发现虽看似偶然，实则源于亚历山大·弗莱明的智慧、经验和不懈努力，印证了“机遇偏爱有准备的头脑”这一道理。 【详解】56．考查介词。句意：青霉素被广泛认为是历史上最重要的医学发现之一。in history为固定搭配，意为“在历史上”。 57．考查冠词。句意：弗莱明，一位来自苏格兰的科学家，度假后回到实验室，发现培养皿上有一些霉菌。scientist为可数名词，此处表示泛指，scientist发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a。 58．考查非谓语动词。句意：他观察到霉菌周围的细菌都死了。were dead为谓语动词，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，bacteria和surround之间为主谓关系，需填现在分词形式surrounding。 59．考查非谓语动词。句意：对此感到惊讶，弗莱明做了一些测试。performed为谓语动词，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，Fleming和surprise之间为动宾关系，需填过去分词形式，且位于句首首字母大写。 60．考查非谓语动词。句意：他意识到这可能对治疗伤口非常有用。介词for后需接动名词treating“治疗”作宾语。 61．考查形容词。句意：十多年来，弗莱明一直在研究青霉素并试图将其制成有效的药物。空处修饰名词medicine，需用形容词effective作定语。 62．考查定语从句。句意：最终，他的工作引起了一些其他能够做到这一点的科学家的注意。空处引导定语从句，先行词为scientists，指人，从句缺少主语，需用关系代词who或that引导。 63．考查时态。句意：自20世纪40年代开始大规模生产以来，青霉素已经拯救了数百万人的生命。根据时间状语Since its mass production began可知，此处使用现在完成时，主语penicillin不可数，助动词用has。 64．考查名词。句意：人们可能认为弗莱明是偶然发现青霉素的，但事实上远非如此。定冠词the后需接名词truth作介词from的宾语。 65．考查非谓语动词。句意：他足够聪明和有经验去注意到它的潜力。此处为“adj.+enough+to do”结构，意为“足够……去做某事”，需用动词不定式。 五、书信写作 66．（本题15分）假定你是校科学社负责人李华，计划创办英文期刊Science Insights。诺贝尔奖一直以来备受关注，社团决定以此为创刊号核心内容。请你撰写一篇创刊词，内容包括： （1） 创刊初衷； （2） 简要介绍一位诺贝尔奖得主及其成就； （3） 邀请同学投稿。 注意： （1） 写作词数应为80个左右； （2） 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear readers, It is with great excitement that we launch our new English journal, Science Insights. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The editorial department 【答案】 Dear readers, It is with great excitement that we launch our new English journal, Science Insights. Our main purpose, which is to make science more accessible and interesting to students, drives us to create this platform. Let’s talk about Yuan Longping, who won the Nobel-related honors for his great work in agriculture. What he achieved, developing hybrid rice, has solved the food problem for millions of people around the world. We sincerely invite all of you to submit articles. Whether it’s about Nobel winners or your own scientific ideas, we are looking forward to your contributions. Let’s explore the magic of science together! The editorial department 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以校科学社负责人李华的身份，为英文期刊《Science Insights》撰写创刊词，涵盖创刊初衷、介绍诺奖得主及邀请投稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 目的：purpose → aim 创造：create → establish 可获得的：accessible → available 解决：solve → resolve 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Our main purpose, which is to make science more accessible and interesting to students, drives us to create this platform. 拓展句：Because our main aim is to make science more available and fascinating for students, it drives us to create this platform. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Our main purpose, which is to make science more accessible and interesting to students, drives us to create this platform.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】What he achieved, developing hybrid rice, has solved the food problem for millions of people around the world.（运用了what引导主语从句） 六、书面表达 67．（本题25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The Mango Tree—A Friend of All It was a usual cheerful and playful day for Dorothy. The only difference was that her family had shifted to a new apartment. Although she had been in the new house just two days, Dorothy had already started liking her new home very much, not only because of the spacious rooms, but also because of a large mango tree which had lovingly extended its branches across the balcony of her house. The mango tree not only gave a beautiful view but also served as a home for a large number of birds and small animals. Dorothy’s mother was also fond of plants and had kept many potted plants in the balcony. A week passed by. On a Sunday morning, Dorothy was awakened by a loud noise in her neighbourhood. She ran towards the balcony and, to her surprise, found some people chopping (砍) off the beloved mango tree. She ran up to her mother and explained the matter. Dorothy and her mother looked down from the balcony. They saw the women under the guidance of Mr. Denver, cutting the mango tree down. Mr. Denver was the resident of the ground floor apartment. He said angrily, “Look, I am getting this job done under my expense. This tree is blocking my view. I cannot see my car properly because of this annoying tree.” Dorothy and her mother understood that there was no point in having an argument with Mr. Denver. From then on, Dorothy tried all possible ways to take her revenge (报复) against Mr. Denver for cutting her beloved mango tree. She did many tricks such as sticking the gum on his calling bell, pouring sugar in his balcony to attractants, jumping on the floor to create noise, etc. Days passed by. One morning, as Dorothy was helping her mother water the potted plants kept in the balcony, she couldn’t take here eyes away from the fresh green leaves coming from the injured mango tree. Dorothy couldn’t hold her excitement and started jumping with delight. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。      Several days later, Dorothy’s parents decided to invite Mr. Denver and his family for dinner. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________      Mr. Denver received Dorothy’s mother’s gift warmly with a smile. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Several days later, Dorothy’s parents decided to invite Mr. Denver and his family for dinner. After dinner, Dorothy’s father spoke to Mr. Denver about the importance of plants in life, saying that plants and trees near a house increase the market value and are good to health. Mr. Denver listened very carefully and promised not to cut the mango tree any more. Hearing what Mr. Denver said, Dorothy and her parents were very happy. Soon Dorothy’s mother brought a plant from her balcony and handed it to Mr. Denver, saying, “This plant will look beautiful in your balcony.” Mr. Denver received Dorothy’s mother’s gift warmly with a smile. “Let’s protect the mango tree together. I am sure it will grow well again. And the plant you just gave me will also grow well.” Mr. Denver said. Dorothy stood smiling and looking at all these and admired the peaceful way her parents had chosen to save the mango tree. The mango tree, with love and care from all, once again grew back to its original form soon. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Dorothy一家刚搬到新的公寓里，楼下有一颗大大的芒果树，树枝延伸到了她家的阳台，Dorothy一家很喜欢这颗芒果树。但是因为芒果树的树枝挡住了住在一楼的邻居Denver先生家的视线，所以芒果树被砍掉了。后来这棵树又活了，长出了新的叶子，为了防止再次被砍，Dorothy的爸爸邀请了Denver一家来吃晚饭，借机给Denver先生讲述了植物的重要性，还送给了Denver先生一盆植物。Denver承诺不再砍掉芒果树，在大家的呵护下，芒果树很快长成了原来的样子。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“几天后，Dorothy的父母决定邀请Denver先生及其家人共进晚餐。”和第二段首句内容“Denver先生微笑着热情地接受了Dorothy妈妈的礼物。”可知，第一段可描写Dorothy的父亲向Denver讲述植物的重要性，Denver先生决定不再砍芒果树，Dorothy母亲送给Denver先生一盆植物。 ②由第二段首句内容“Denver先生微笑着热情地接受了Dorothy妈妈的礼物。”可知，第二段可描写Denver说大家要一起保护芒果树，很快芒果树长成了原来的样子。 2.续写线索：共进晚餐——讲述植物的重要性——Denver承诺不再砍芒果树——送Denver一盆植物——共同保护芒果树——长成原来的样子 3.词汇激活行为类 ①增加：increase/add ②承诺：promise/make a commitment ③递给：hand/pass 情绪类 ①高兴的：happy/glad ②热情地：warmly/with open arms 【点睛】[高分句型1]After dinner, Dorothy’s father spoke to Mr. Denver about the importance of plants in life, saying that plants and trees near a house increases the market value and are good to health. （由that引导的宾语从句） [高分句型2]Hearing what Mr. Denver said, Dorothy and her parents were very happy.（由what引导的宾语从句） [高分句型3]And the plant you just gave me will also grow well.（省略that/which引导的定语从句） 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $