专题02 Units 3～4（词汇综合练）英语新教材鲁教版五四学制八年级上册

**基本信息** 本专项通过多样化题型构建从基础词汇拼写、语境应用到语法综合运用的递进式训练体系，强化单元核心词汇与语法的系统掌握，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |根据汉语写单词|10小题|基础词汇拼写，含新情境|核心词汇的直接认知与书写| |首字母提示写单词|10小题|语境化词汇推断|词汇音形义的语境匹配| |单项选择|10小题|语法与词汇辨析|时态、比较级等语法规则与词汇用法综合运用| |补全短文|10空|篇章词汇变形运用|词汇在语篇中的语法功能与意义连贯| |语法填空|10空|语篇语法综合考查|语法规则在语境中的灵活应用| |核心短语默写|10小题|固定搭配记忆|核心短语的积累与应用|

专题02 Units 3~4（词汇综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 一、根据汉语意思写出单词。 二、根据首字母提示写出单词。 三、单项选择。 四、用方框中所给的单词补全短文。 五、语法填空。 六、核心短语默写 一、根据汉语意思写出单词（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 1. It takes courage and patience to ________ (面对) difficulties during our growing journey. 【答案】face 【详解】不定式符号 to 后接动词原形；face 此处及物动词，意为 “面对”；grow journey 成长历程，贴合成长主题；易错点：不要写作 facing。 2. The huge waterfall is one of the greatest natural ________ (奇观) in our country. 【答案】wonders 【详解】one of + 可数名词复数，固定结构 “…… 之一”；wonder 可数名词，奇观；natural wonders 自然奇观，Unit4 核心名词，故填 wonders。 3. 【新情境】You should stay ________ (诚实的) even when you make mistakes in your growth. 【答案】honest 【详解】stay 为系动词，后接形容词作表语；honest 形容词，诚实的；成长话题品质类高频词，易错：an honest boy（元音音素开头用 an）。 4. We can’t see the fish clearly at the ________ (底部) of the deep lake. 【答案】bottom 【详解】固定搭配 at the bottom of 在…… 底部；bottom 名词，底部，描写水域地貌 Unit4 必考词汇，不可数名词，故填 bottom。 5. The sudden heavy rain ________ (敲打) against the windows last night. 【答案】beat 【详解】时间状语 last night 判定一般过去时；beat 敲打（风雨击打物体），过去式仍为 beat；辨析 hit 侧重撞击硬物，风雨敲打只用 beat，Unit3 暴风雨场景词汇。 6.【新情境】 Reading widely can ________ (提升) your mind and help you grow better. 【答案】improve 【详解】情态动词 can 后加动词原形；improve 动词，提升、改善；improve one’s mind 陶冶心性，成长主题核心动词。 7. Many travelers feel excited when they stand on the ________ (表面) of the plateau lake. 【答案】surface 【详解】固定 on the surface 在表面；surface 名词，表层、表面，自然景观描写词汇，不可数，填 surface。 8.【新情境】 It is normal to feel weak and ________ (紧张的) when you meet new challenges. 【答案】nervous 【详解】feel 系动词后接形容词；nervous 紧张焦虑的，成长中面对挑战的心理感受形容词。 9. He spent three years ________ (探险) remote mountains to record natural scenery. 【答案】exploring 【详解】spend time (in) doing sth. 固定搭配；explore 动词探险，变动名词 exploring；自然探险主题词汇。 10.【新情境】 Good parents always ________ (提醒) kids to keep calm when they are upset. 【答案】remind 【详解】always 一般现在时，主语 parents 复数，动词用原形；remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事，固定搭配。 二、根据首字母提示写出单词（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 1. When the storm came last night, I was still a________ in my bedroom and couldn’t fall asleep. 【答案】asleep 【详解】句意：昨夜暴风雨来临的时候，我躺在床上毫无睡意。be awake 醒着；反义词 asleep 睡着；固定 fall asleep 入睡，此处 be awake 清醒状态，填 awake（修正：题干 a 开头 → awake） 详解修订：主语 + be +awake 醒着的状态，区别 go to sleep 动作入睡，暴风雨过去进行时经典场景词汇。 2. Everyone will go through pain and trouble during the p________ of growing up. 【答案】process 【详解】the process of …… 的过程；the process of growing up 成长的过程，Unit3 主题核心名词。 3. You need enough c________ to climb down to the bottom of the valley alone. 【答案】courage 【详解】句意：独自下到山谷底部需要十足勇气。courage 不可数名词，勇气；探险自然景观必备词汇。 4. The wind blew s________ outside, so all the trees shook wildly at midnight. 【答案】strongly 【详解】副词修饰动词 blew（blow 过去式，吹）；strong 形容词→strongly 副词猛烈地；大风场景必考词性转换。 5. Never give up easily, and your e________ will finally bring you progress in growth. 【答案】effort 【详解】effort 不可数名词，努力；句意：不要轻易放弃，你的付出终会换来成长进步。 6. The old story r________ us that perseverance works wonders in life. 【答案】reminds 【详解】客观真理一般现在时，主语 story 单数，谓语动词三单；remind sb. that 从句 使某人想起……。 7. We were walking along the river s________ when we found a rare wild bird. 【答案】suddenly 【详解】副词修饰整个句子；suddenly 突然，描写途中偶遇自然生物场景，Unit4 高频副词。 8. Keeping s________ helps us think clearly whenever we face difficulties. 【答案】silent 【详解】keep + 形容词 保持某种状态；silent 安静的、沉稳的；保持冷静沉稳应对困境。 9. This deep canyon is one of the most amazing natural m________ in Asia. 【答案】miracles 【详解】natural miracles 自然奇迹；one of 后接名词复数，miracle 奇迹，同义 wonder，提升难度替换词汇。 10. Instead of complaining, we should learn to a________ our shortcomings and change ourselves. 【答案】accept 【详解】learn to do sth. 学会做某事；accept 接受；接纳自身缺点是成长核心短语词汇。 三、单项选择（共 10 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 1. —What were you doing at 8 o’clock last rainy night? —I ________ a nature documentary about waterfalls. A. watched B. was watching C. watch D. am watching 【答案】B 【详解】时间点 at 8 o’clock last rainy night 过去具体时刻，要用过去进行时（was/were + doing），强调过去某一刻正在进行的动作；主语 I 搭配 was，故选 B；A 一般过去时仅表示动作做完，无持续含义。 2. We can choose to face troubles bravely ________ run away from them during growth. A. instead B. rather than C. instead of D. because of 【答案】B 【详解】rather than 而不是，前后连接并列动词原形 face 和 run；instead 副词只能放句末；instead of 后接名词 /doing；because of 表原因，语义不符，选 B。 3. The Yellow River Waterfall is much ________ than it was in dry seasons. A. powerful B. more powerful C. most powerful D. the most powerful 【答案】B 【详解】than 是比较级标志词；powerful 多音节形容词，比较级前加 more；much 可修饰比较级表程度 “…… 得多”，选 B。 4. My mother often reminds me ________ impolite to strangers no matter how upset I am. A. not be B. to not be C. not to be D. don’t be 【答案】C 【详解】固定搭配 remind sb. not to do sth. 提醒某人不要做某事，不定式否定形式 not 放 to 前面，必考结构。 5. —I was caught in a heavy storm yesterday afternoon. —You ________ stay indoors and wait for the rain to stop. A. should have B. should have stayed C. must stay D. can stay 【答案】B 【详解】should have done 本应该做（实际没做），针对昨天淋雨这件事提出事后惋惜建议；其余时态不匹配过去场景，选 B。 6. He spent nearly two months ________ around western mountains to enjoy natural wonders. A. travel B. travelling C. to travel D. travelled 【答案】B 【详解】spend + 时间 + (in) doing sth. 花费时间做某事，介词 in 可省略，后接动名词，固定句式。 7. ________ you meet lots of difficulties, never lose heart in your growth. A. As soon as B. Even though C. Unless D. Since 【答案】B 【详解】even though = although 尽管，引导让步状语从句；句意：尽管你会遇到诸多困难，成长路上永远别灰心；其余连词语义不通。 8. When the alarm went off, all people ________ quickly to close the windows against the wind. A. wake up B. woke up C. were waking up D. are waking up 【答案】B 【详解】when 引导瞬间动作（闹钟响），主句用一般过去时，表示紧接着发生的短暂动作；过去进行时用于延续性动作，选 B。 9. You won’t know how great nature is ________ you go deep into mountains by yourself. A. if B. after C. until D. when 【答案】C 【详解】not…until… 直到…… 才…… 固定句型；句意：只有亲身走进深山，你才能领略自然的壮美。 10. Keeping calm is the ________ important quality for teenagers while growing up. A. most B. more C. much D. many 【答案】A 【详解】the + 形容词最高级；important 多音节词最高级 the most important，最重要的品质，选 A。 四、用方框中所给单词适当形式填空（每词限用一次，共 10 空，每空 1 分，满分 10 分） wonder, honest, beat, courage, deep, sudden, explore, remind, silent, improve Growing up is a journey full of gains. When we face storms in life, the wind 1.________ against our hearts just like the rainstorm hitting windows. It 2.________ us that pain can 3.________ ourselves little by little. To get inner 4., many teenagers choose to go out to enjoy natural 5.. Last summer vacation, I planned 6.________ a quiet valley. At the 7.________ moment, a stream appeared at the 8.________ part of the valley. I stood in 9.________ for minutes and realized being 10.________ to ourselves is the greatest harvest of growth. 1. beats 【详解】通篇一般现在时，主语 the wind 单数；beat 敲打，三单形式 beats；比喻风雨击打内心。 2. reminds 【详解】主语 it 单数，remind sb. that 从句，提醒我们；三单 reminds。 3 . improve 【详解】情态动词 can 后接动词原形；improve 提升、磨砺自我。 4. courage 【详解】inner 内心的，形容词修饰名词；courage 勇气，不可数名词，inner courage 内心勇气。 5. wonders 【详解】natural wonders 自然奇观，one of 类固定搭配常用复数，wonder 可数名词奇观。 6. to explore 【详解】plan to do sth. 计划做某事，不定式固定搭配；explore 探险山谷。 7. sudden 【详解】at the sudden moment 在突然一瞬间，形容词 sudden 修饰名词 moment。 8. . deepest 【详解】the + 形容词最高级；deep 深的，最高级 deepest，the deepest part 最深处。 9. . silence 【详解】固定 in silence 安静地、沉默着；silent 形容词→silence 名词。 10. . honest 【详解】be honest to oneself 忠于自己；be 动词后接形容词 honest 诚实的。 五、语法填空（短文填空，每空一词或词形变换，10 空，每空 1.5 分，满分 15 分） Last Friday evening, a terrible rainstorm came to our town. My parents 1.________ (cook) dinner in the kitchen while I 2.________ (read) a book about natural wonders. Suddenly the lights went out and everything fell into 3.________ (silent). The strong wind blew heavily 4.________ the windows. I felt a little afraid 5.________ I stayed calm all the time. My dad told me that storms are just small tests 6.________ our growth. After the rain stopped, we walked outside 7.________ (enjoy) the fresh air. We found beautiful waterfalls on the hillside and they looked far 8.________ (amazing) than usual. If we learn to face bad weather bravely, we 9.________ (become) stronger and know more about the magic 10.________ nature. 答案 + 逐空详细解析 1. were cooking 【详解】while 引导过去两段延续动作同时进行，过去进行时；parents 复数，be 动词用 were，cook 变动词 - ing cooking。 2. was reading 【详解】并列过去进行时，主语 I 搭配 was，read→reading。 3. silence 【详解】固定 fall into silence 陷入寂静；silent 形容词转换名词 silence。 4. against 【详解】介词 against 倚靠、撞击；blow against the windows 风吹打窗户固定搭配。 5. but 【详解】前后转折：我有点害怕，但始终保持冷静；转折连词 but。 6. of 【详解】tests of our growth 成长中的考验，所有格介词 of。 7. to enjoy 【详解】不定式作目的状语：我们出门是为了呼吸新鲜空气、欣赏景色。 8. more amazing 【详解】than 比较级标志；amazing 多音节形容词，比较级 more amazing。 9. will become 【详解】if 引导条件状语从句，遵循主将从现；从句一般现在时，主句一般将来时 will + 动词原形。 10. of 【详解】the magic of nature 大自然的魅力，介词 of 表所属。 六、核心短语默写（10 小题，每空 1 分，满分 10 分） 根据汉语写出英文短语 1. 在成长过程中 ____________ 2. 敲；击打（风雨） ____________ 3. 陷入沉默 ____________ 4. 提醒某人做某事 ____________ 5. 自然奇观 ____________ 6. 在…… 底部 ____________ 7. 而不是 ____________ 8. 鼓起勇气 ____________ 9. 提升自我 ____________ 10. 过去某时刻正在做某事（过去进行时基础结构）____________ 标准答案 1. during the process of growing up / in the course of growing up 2. beat against 3. fall into silence 4. remind sb. to do sth. 5. natural wonders 6. at the bottom of 7. rather than / instead of 8. get up courage / have courage 9. improve oneself 10. was/were + doing sth. 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 Units 3~4（词汇综合练） （建议用时：40分钟） 一、根据汉语意思写出单词。 二、根据首字母提示写出单词。 三、单项选择。 四、用方框中所给的单词补全短文。 五、语法填空。 六、核心短语默写 一、根据汉语意思写出单词（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 1. It takes courage and patience to ________ (面对) difficulties during our growing journey. 2. The huge waterfall is one of the greatest natural ________ (奇观) in our country. 3. 【新情境】You should stay ________ (诚实的) even when you make mistakes in your growth. 4. We can’t see the fish clearly at the ________ (底部) of the deep lake. 5. The sudden heavy rain ________ (敲打) against the windows last night. 6. 【新情境】Reading widely can ________ (提升) your mind and help you grow better. 7. Many travelers feel excited when they stand on the ________ (表面) of the plateau lake. 9. He spent three years ________ (探险) remote mountains to record natural scenery. 8. 【新情境】It is normal to feel weak and ________ (紧张的) when you meet new challenges. 10. 【新情境】Good parents always ________ (提醒) kids to keep calm when they are upset. 二、根据首字母提示写出单词（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 1. When the storm came last night, I was still a________ in my bedroom and couldn’t fall asleep. 2. Everyone will go through pain and trouble during the p________ of growing up. 3. You need enough c________ to climb down to the bottom of the valley alone. 4. The wind blew s________ outside, so all the trees shook wildly at midnight. 5. Never give up easily, and your e________ will finally bring you progress in growth. 6. The old story r________ us that perseverance works wonders in life. 7. We were walking along the river s________ when we found a rare wild bird. 8. Keeping s________ helps us think clearly whenever we face difficulties. 9. This deep canyon is one of the most amazing natural m________ in Asia. 10. Instead of complaining, we should learn to a________ our shortcomings and change ourselves. 三、单项选择（共 10 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 1. —What were you doing at 8 o’clock last rainy night? —I ________ a nature documentary about waterfalls. A. Watched B. was watching C. watch D. am watching 2. We can choose to face troubles bravely ________ run away from them during growth. A. Instead B. rather than C. instead of D. because of 3. The Yellow River Waterfall is much ________ than it was in dry seasons. A. Powerful B. more powerful C. most powerful D. the most powerful 4. My mother often reminds me ________ impolite to strangers no matter how upset I am. A. not be B. to not be C. not to be D. don’t be 5. —I was caught in a heavy storm yesterday afternoon. —You ________ stay indoors and wait for the rain to stop. A. should have B. should have stayed C. must stay D. can stay 6. He spent nearly two months ________ around western mountains to enjoy natural wonders. A. Travel B. travelling C. to travel D. travelled 7. ________ you meet lots of difficulties, never lose heart in your growth. A. As soon as B. Even though C. Unless D. Since 8. When the alarm went off, all people ________ quickly to close the windows against the wind. A. wake up B. woke up C. were waking up D. are waking up 9. You won’t know how great nature is ________ you go deep into mountains by yourself. A. If B. after C. until D. when 10. Keeping calm is the ________ important quality for teenagers while growing up. A. Most B. more C. much D. many 四、用方框中所给单词适当形式填空（每词限用一次，共 10 空，每空 1 分，满分 10 分） wonder, honest, beat, courage, deep, sudden, explore, remind, silent, improve Growing up is a journey full of gains. When we face storms in life, the wind 1.________ against our hearts just like the rainstorm hitting windows. It 2.________ us that pain can 3.________ ourselves little by little. To get inner 4., many teenagers choose to go out to enjoy natural 5.. Last summer vacation, I planned 6.________ a quiet valley. At the 7.________ moment, a stream appeared at the 8.________ part of the valley. I stood in 9.________ for minutes and realized being 10.________ to ourselves is the greatest harvest of growth. 五、语法填空（短文填空，每空一词或词形变换，10 空，每空 1.5 分，满分 15 分） Last Friday evening, a terrible rainstorm came to our town. My parents 1.________ (cook) dinner in the kitchen while I 2.________ (read) a book about natural wonders. Suddenly the lights went out and everything fell into 3.________ (silent). The strong wind blew heavily 4.________ the windows. I felt a little afraid 5.________ I stayed calm all the time. My dad told me that storms are just small tests 6.________ our growth. After the rain stopped, we walked outside 7.________ (enjoy) the fresh air. We found beautiful waterfalls on the hillside and they looked far 8.________ (amazing) than usual. If we learn to face bad weather bravely, we 9.________ (become) stronger and know more about the magic 10.________ nature. 六、核心短语默写（10 小题，每空 1 分，满分 10 分） 根据汉语写出英文短语 1. 在成长过程中 ____________ 2. 敲；击打（风雨） ____________ 3. 陷入沉默 ____________ 4. 提醒某人做某事 ____________ 5. 自然奇观 ____________ 6. 在…… 底部 ____________ 7. 而不是 ____________ 8. 鼓起勇气 ____________ 9. 提升自我 ____________ 10. 过去某时刻正在做某事（过去进行时基础结构）____________ 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $