Unit 2 Amazing numbers 语法填空（热点题型专练）英语新教材沪教版八年级上册

**基本信息** 以“神奇数字”为主题的语法填空专项训练，通过基础与拔高分层设计，系统覆盖核心语法点，融合文化意识与语言能力培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |巩固基础·专项突破|8篇|空白处填1词或括号内单词正确形式，涉及动词时态、语态、名词、代词等基础语法|围绕数字文化（如幸运数字、手机位数），由简单语境到稍复杂语篇，构建“语法规则-文化现象-语言应用”逻辑链| |培优拔高·挑战攻坚|5篇|增加复杂语境（如数学史、跨文化禁忌），考查非谓语、从句等进阶语法|深化数字相关跨文化主题（如π日、小费文化），提升思维品质，强化语法在真实情境中的灵活运用|

Unit 2 Amazing numbers 语法填空题型专练（话题：人与社会——神奇数字） 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Do you have a lucky number? What is it? Many people hope to have a special number and they hope it 1 (bring)them good luck. In Chinese culture, some numbers 2 (believe)to be lucky or unlucky based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to. For example, the word for the number "eight" sounds similar to the word for "making a fortune". So, the businessman 3 (consider)it a very lucky number. Some people will even spend a lot of money to have 8s in their phone number or on their vehicle license plate(车牌照)number. The 4 (open)ceremony of the Beijing Olympics began at 8: 08 pm on Aug 8, 2008. The number 9 is also a lucky number because of its 5 (connect)to the emperors of China. There were nine dragons on emperors' robes(龙袍)and Chinese myth held that the dragon 6 (have)nine children. The number 9 also stands for "long lasting" . That's why a man always proposes(求婚)to a woman with 99 or 999 roses. My brother 7 (succeed)in proposing with the way recently. So what's an unlucky number in China? One example is 4. Many Chinese people see 4 as an unlucky number because it sounds similar to the character for " 8 "(die). Because of this, many buildings skip(跳过)the fourth floor，and simply call it the 9 (five)floor. In Hong Kong, some buildings even skip all floors numbered with 4, such as 4, 14, 24, 34 and all 40-49 floors. Some buildings also skip the 13th floor, as this is considered an unlucky number in western countries. As a result, a building whose 10 (high)floor is 50 may have only 35 physical floors. 【答案】 1．will bring 2．are believed 3．considers 4．opening 5．connection 6．had 7．has succeeded 8．death 9．fifth 10．highest 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国一些幸运和不幸运的数字。 【详解】 1．句意：他们希望它会给他们带来好运。根据所给空前面的“they hope”可知，应该用的是一般将来时，表示“将会带来好运”，一般将来时构成：主语+will+动词原形，bring意为“带来”，故填will bring。 2．句意：有些数字被认为是幸运的或不吉利的，基于这个数字听起来相似的中文单词。根据主语“some number”发不出“believe”这个动词，所以应该用被动语态，时态是一般现在时，一般现在时的被动语态构成：主语+be+动词过去分词，主语是复数，be动词用are，believe“相信，认为”过去分词是believed，故填are believed。 3．句意：商人认为这是一个非常幸运的数字。根据时态是一般现在时，主语“the businessman”是第三人称单数，谓语动词也要用第三人称单数，consider意为“认为”第三人称单数形式是considers，故填considers。 4．句意：北京奥运会开幕式于2008年8月8日晚上8:08开始。根据所给空后面的“ceremony”可知，应该填的是形容词作定语，open的形容词形式是opening“开始的”，故填opening。 5．句意：数字9也是一个幸运数字，因为它与中国皇帝有关。根据所给空前面的“its”可知，应该填的是名词，connect的名词形式是connection“联系”，故填connection。 6．句意：龙有九个孩子。根据前面的“Chinese myth held that”可知，时态应该用一般过去时，have意为“有”，过去式是had，故填had。 7．句意：我兄弟最近成功地求婚了。根据后面的“recently”可知，时态是现在完成时，现在完成时构成：主语+have/has+动词过去分词，主语“my brother”是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has，succeed“成功”的过去分词是succeeded，故填has succeeded。 8．句意：许多中国人认为4是一个不吉利的数字，因为它听起来和“死亡”这个字很相似。根据所给空前面的“for”可知，应该填的是名词作宾语，die的名词形式是death“死亡”，故填death。 9．句意：正因为如此，许多建筑跳过了四楼，干脆叫它五楼。根据所给空前面的“the”和后面的“floor”可知，应该填的是序数词表顺序，five的序数词是fifth“第五”，故填fifth。 10．句意：因此，最高楼层为50层的建筑可能实际只有35层。根据前面的“floor is 50”后面的“may have only 35 physical floors”可知，应该用最高级，表示最高楼层为50层的建筑，high的最高级是“highest”，由前面的“whose”可知，不需要加the，故填highest。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空(必要时可加情态动词或助动词)。 Have you ever counted the number of digits(数字) in your mobile phone number? Your number has 11 digits. Sometimes you 1 (find) it hard to remember your number. That’s because China 2 (have) the longest mobile phone numbers in the world. Why is that? The 11 digits 3 (divide) into three parts. Each part has a different meaning. The first three numbers tell you which mobile phone service provider(提供者) you 4 (use). For example, 135 is for China Mobile Communications Corporation and 188 is for China Unicom. The fourth to the seventh digits tell you where the number is registered(注册). And the last four digits are random(随机的) . The main reason for 5 (use) 11 digits is that we have the largest population in the world. We once 6 (have) 10 numbers. But as our population 7 (grow) bigger and bigger, there were not enough numbers for us to use. So we began to use 11 digits starting from 1999. Eleven digits can be used to make tens of billions of mobile phone numbers. That's enough for each person 8 (have) seven or eight phone numbers to use in China. And mobile phone numbers can be recycled. Usually, the service provider 9 (reuse) a canceled number in three to six months. If you call a number that you 10 (not contact联系) for a long time, you may find that its owner has changed. Besides China, Britain and Japan also use 11-digit mobile phone numbers. But their numbers always start with 0. So they cannot create as many numbers as we can. Countries like the United States, Australia and India use phone numbers with 10 digits. Canada’s mobile phone numbers are perhaps the shortest in the world: they use seven digits. 【答案】 1．may find 2．has 3．can be divided/are divided 4．are using 5．using 6．had 7．grew 8．to have 9．will reuse 10．haven’t contacted 【导语】本文是说明文，主要介绍了我国手机号码由11位数字组成的原因、电话号码的循环使用和其他国家手机号码不同的位数。 【详解】 1．句意：有时你可能会发现很难记住你的号码。根据“Sometimes you… it hard to remember your number”可知，可能会发现记不住手机号码，表示一种猜测，用情态动词may表示“可能”，后接动词原形find，故填may find。 2．句意：那是因为中国拥有世界上最长的手机号码。句子是一般现在时，China看作单数，动词用三单，故填has。 3．句意：这11位数字可以分为三部分。主语“11 digits”与“divide”是被动关系，可以用一般现在时被动语态be done的结构，主语是复数，助动词用are。也可以用含有情态动词can的被动语态can be done的结构，故填can be divided/are divided。 4．句意：前三个数字告诉您使用的是哪家移动电话服务提供商。根据“The first three numbers tell you which mobile phone service provider(提供者) you ”可知，这显示你正在使用哪家电话服务提供商，用现在进行时表示正在进行的动作，主语you是第二人称，助动词用are，故填are using。 5．句意：使用11位数字的主要原因是我们有世界上最多的人口。for是介词，后接动名词，故填using。 6．句意：我们曾经有10个数字。根据“once”可知，此处介绍的是过去的事情，动词用过去式，故填had。 7．句意：但是随着我们的人口越来越多，我们没有足够的数字来使用。根据“But as our population … bigger and bigger”“were”可知，随着我们的人口越来越多，此处描述在过去某一阶段内的动作用一般过去时结构，故填grew。 8．句意：在中国，每个人都有7到8个电话号码就足够了。be enough to do sth“做某事足够了”，故填to have。 9．句意：通常，服务提供商会在3 ~ 6个月内重新使用被取消的号码。根据“in three to six months”可知，句子是一般将来时will do的结构，故填will reuse。 10．句意：如果你拨打一个很长时间没有联系的号码，你可能会发现它的主人变了。根据“for a long time”可知，此处用现在完成时have/has done的结构，主语you是第二人称，助动词用have，否定结构为haven’t，故填haven’t contacted。 Passage 3 根据句子意思，用所给单词的适当形式填空，或在横线上填入一个合适的词，使短文语义通顺，语法完整。 Counting 1 (number) is one of the 2 (one) lessons you begin to learn when you learn 3 new language. Most of the time, the counting 4 (start) from the number “1”. However, the number “0” is also important. Unlike 5 other numbers in the English language, it 6 (have) several words to describe it. 7 (help) you use the 8 (good) word in the right context (语境), here’s a quick and easy guide on how to say “0” in English. When to say “o”    In spoken English, the number “0” is often read as the letter “o”. This is especially true when “0” is included with a list of other numbers. This is most commonly used in phone numbers. When to say “zero” “Zero” is a word mostly used in Maths and Science. When you are measuring something, or 9 you are a fan of science, you will probably find 10 (you) using this word quite a bit! 【答案】 1．numbers 2．first 3．a 4．starts 5．the 6．has 7．To help 8．best 9．if 10．yourself 【导语】本文主要讲了数字“0”的重要性，以及如何用英语说“0”的简单指南。 【详解】 1．句意：当你学习一门新语言时，数数是你开始学习的第一堂课。由于“number”是可数名词，不能单独使用，此处用复数表泛指。故填numbers。 2．句意：当你学习一门新语言时，数数是你开始学习的第一堂课。此空表示“第一课”，the后跟序数词，the first表示“第一”。故填first。 3．句意：当你学习一门新语言时，数数是你开始学习的第一堂课。根据“new language”可知，一门新语言表泛指，用不定冠词a。故填a。 4．句意：大多数时候，计数从数字“1”开始。由于“the counting”是第三人称单数，文章时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用三单形式。故填starts。 5．句意：与英语中的其他数字不同，它有几个词来形容。根据语境可知，把数字分成两类，一类是“0”，另一类是除“0”以外的其他数字。the other表示“另一个”。故填the 。 6．句意：与英语中的其他数字不同，它有几个词来形容。由于文章时态为一般现在时，“it”是第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式。故填has。 7．句意：为了帮助你在正确的上下文中使用最好的单词，这里有一个关于如何用英语说“0”的快速而简单的指南。根据“you use the…(good) word in the right context”可知，此空表目的，用动词不定式。故填To help。 8．句意：为了帮助你在正确的上下文中使用最好的单词，这里有一个关于如何用英语说“0”的快速而简单的指南。“the”后用形容词最高级，表示“最好的”。故填best。 9．句意：当你在测量某个东西时，或者如果你是一个科学迷，你可能会发现自己经常使用这个词！根据“you are a fan of science”可知，此句表示假设，if“如果”符合语境。故填if。 10．句意：当你在测量某个东西时，或者如果你是一个科学迷，你可能会发现自己经常使用这个词！空处指代主语本身，填反身代词，表示“你自己”。故填yourself。 Passage 4 The People’s Bank of China came out the 1 (five) edition of the RMB from August 30, 2019. The paper money has brighter colors and new safety features. We’ve been using paper money for about 1,000 years. Back in the Northern Song Dynasty, Chinese people 2 (make) the world’s earliest paper money to replace metal coins. The paper money 3 (call) jiaozi at that time. Paper money is cheaper to make and 4 (easy) to carry. These advantages made it more popular than other 5 (form) of money. But now, in the digital (数码) age, paper money seems 6 (be) disappearing for the same reason. China seems to be heading towards becoming a cashless society. From supermarkets to street stores, people pay by 7 (use) the We Chat Wallet and Alipay apps on their mobile phones. Sweden is even 8 (close) to a future without paper money than others. Many Swedish banks even no longer have cash on hand. But there are worries about creating cashless societies. Some say it is unfair to the poor and people without much education. It’s not easy for them to open bank accounts or use mobile phones 9 (pay). And if all of your money is “digital”, it may not be safe enough. Is paper money going away? Although paper money is used less than electronic payment in some countries, it 10 (not disappear) at once in most parts of the world. 【答案】 1．fifth 2．made 3．was called 4．easier 5．forms 6．to be 7．using 8．closer 9．to pay 10．won’t disappear 【导语】本文主要介绍中国人民银行发行第五版本人民币，并介绍了纸币的历史以及目前纸币在社会中的流通情况。 【详解】 1．句意：中国人民银行自2019年8月30日起发行第五版人民币。根据“the...(five) edition of the RMB”可知，此处应表达第五版人民币，five“五”，基数词，空处前面有定冠词the修饰，应用序数词fifth表示第五。故填fifth。 2．句意：早在北宋，中国人就制造了世界上最早的纸币来代替金属硬币。make“制作”，动词原形，根据“Back in the Northern Song Dynasty,”可知，时态为一般过去时，空处应用动词过去式。故填made。 3．句意：这种纸币当时叫交子。call“叫”，主语The paper money与call之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，结构为be+动词过去分词，根据“at that time”可知，时态为一般过去时，主语“The paper money”为不可数名词，be动词用was，call的过去分词为called。故填was called。 4．句意：纸币制作更便宜携带更方便。easy“容易的”，and连接前后语法保持一致，空处应用形容词比较级。故填easier。 5．句意：这些优势使它比其它形式的钱更受欢迎。form“形式”，可数名词，other修饰可数名词复数形式。故填forms。 6．句意：但现在，在数字时代，纸币似乎也因同样的原因而消失。seem to be“似乎是”，空处应用不定式结构。故填to be。 7．句意：从超市到街头商店，人们都使用手机上的微信钱包和支付宝应用程序进行支付。use“使用”，介词by后面加动名词形式。故填using。 8．句意：瑞典比其他国家更接近于一个没有纸币的未来。be close to“接近”，根据“than”可知，空处应用close的比较级形式。故填closer。 9．句意：对他们来说开立银行账户或使用手机支付并不容易。pay“付款”，use sth to do“用某事做某事”，空处应用动词不定式。故填to pay。 10．句意：尽管在一些国家纸币的使用量比电子支付少，但在世界大多数地区纸币不会立即消失。根据“it...(not disappear) at once in most parts of the world.”可知，此处应表达不会立即消失，应用一般将来时态，结构为won’t+动词原形，disappear“消失”。故填won’t disappear。 Passage 5 Today I will tell you about expressions using numbers. Let us start with the number one. Numbers can be tricky. On the one hand, they are simply numbers. On the other hand, they have 1 (mean). Many people consider 2 (they) number one, the 3 (important) person. They are always looking out for number one and 4 (take) care of number one. It is as if they are the one and only person 5 the earth. Some people, however, are not so self-centered. My brother is such 6 person. It is true—no joke. I am not trying to pull a fast one on you. First, you have to understand that my brother is one in a million. He is such a nice person. All his friends like him. They consider him one of the boys. 7 (recent), my brother had a bad day at the office. It was just one of those days. Nothing went right. So he stopped at a local bar—a drinking place, after 8 (leave) work. My brother planned to have a glass of beer with his friends, a quick one, before he went home. As my brother was leaving, they asked him   9 he was able to drive home safely. Now my brother is a wise and calm person. He is at one with himself. He recognizes when he has had too much alcohol (酒精) 10 (drink). So he accepts an offer for a ride home from a friend. 【答案】 1．meanings 2．themselves 3．most important 4．taking 5．on 6．a 7．Recently 8．leaving 9．if/whether 10．to drink 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了与数字“one”相关的英语表达，并通过作者哥哥的事例来具体说明这些表达的用法。 【详解】 1．句意：另一方面，它们具有含义。根据“they have…”可知，此处需要名词作宾语，“mean”的名词形式是“meaning”，且这里表示复数含义（多种含义），故填meanings。 2．句意：许多人认为自己是最重要的人，也就是头号人物。根据“Many people consider…number one”可知，此处是“consider oneself……”（认为某人自己……）的结构，主语是“Many people”，对应的反身代词是“themselves”，故填themselves。 3．句意：许多人认为自己是最重要的人，也就是头号人物。根据“the…person”可知，定冠词“the”后要接形容词最高级，“important”的最高级是“most important”，故填most important。 4．句意：他们总是只为自己着想，只照顾自己。根据“They are always looking out for number one and…care of number one”可知，“and”连接并列的谓语动词，前面是“looking”，此处“take”也要用现在分词形式“taking”，故填taking。 5．句意：就好像他们是地球上唯一的人。根据“it is as if they are the one and only person…the earth”可知，“在地球上”用介词“on”，故填on。 6．句意：我哥哥就是这样一个人。根据“My brother is such…person”可知，“such a/an + 可数名词单数”是固定结构，“person”是可数名词单数且发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 7．句意：最近，我哥哥在办公室度过了糟糕的一天。根据“…my brother had a bad day at the office”可知，此处需要副词作状语，“recent”的副词形式是“Recently”，句首首字母大写，故填Recently。 8．句意：所以他下班后在当地的一家酒吧——一个喝酒的地方停了下来。根据“after…work”可知，“after”是介词，后接动词的-ing形式，“leave”的-ing形式是“leaving”，故填leaving。 9．句意：当我哥哥要离开时，他们问他是否能安全开车回家。根据“they asked him…he was able to drive home safely”可知，此处是宾语从句，表达“是否”的含义，用“if/whether”引导从句，故填if/whether。 10．句意：他意识到自己喝了太多酒。根据“had too much alcohol…”可知，此处是“too much + 名词 + to do”的结构，表示“太……而不能……”，故填to drink。 Passage 6 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 How did people count things a long time ago? Before the 1 (invent) of numbers, people used many different 2 (way) to count. At first, they used their fingers, and 3 (even) their toes. But they could only count small numbers in 4 simple way. Later, they started to make small marks 5 sticks and bones to record quantities (数量). This helped them count 6 (big) numbers than before—like the days of the month, the amount of food, or the number of animals they had. Then people began to use tokens (令牌) made of clay or small stones, which 7 (become) popular for counting later. They often tied the tokens on strings to carry them 8 (easy). Over time, this developed into tools like the abacus. Finally, people created written symbols 9 showed different numbers. This leads to the Hindu-Arabic system (0—9), which we 10 (use) for hundreds of years and still depend on it today in our daily lives. 【答案】 1．invention 2．ways 3．even 4．a 5．on 6．bigger 7．became 8．easily 9．which/that 10．have used 【导语】本文介绍了数字发明之前人类计数方式的演变历程，从最初借助身体部位计数，逐步发展到刻痕使用令牌，最终创造出书面数字符号，形成了如今仍在使用的阿拉伯数字体系。 【详解】 1．句意：在数字被发明之前，人们使用许多不同的方法来计数。invent是动词，意为“发明”。空格前有定冠词the，空格后有介词of，此处需要填入名词形式，invent的名词是invention，表“发明”这一抽象概念，符合语境。 2．句意：在数字被发明之前，人们使用许多不同的方法来计数。way是可数名词，意为“方法”。空格前有many different，many修饰可数名词复数，所以way要变为复数形式ways。 3．句意：起初，他们使用手指，甚至脚趾来计数。even是副词，意为“甚至”。此处用来修饰后面的名词短语their toes，表递进关系，不需要变化形式，直接用原形even即可。 4．句意：但是他们只能用这种简单的方法计算很小的数字。空格后是可数名词单数短语simple way，此处表泛指“一种简单的方法”，simple以辅音音素开头，需要填入不定冠词a。 5．句意：后来，他们开始在木棍和骨头上刻下小标记来记录数量。此处表示“在……上面(刻标记)”需要填入表示方位的介词。表示在物体表面刻画的介词是on，符合语境。 6．句意：这帮助他们计算比之前更大的数字——比如一个月的天数、食物的量或者他们拥有的动物的数量。big是形容词，意为“大的”。空格后有比较级标志词than，所以此处需要用big的比较级形式bigger，修饰后面的numbers。 7．句意：之后人们开始使用由黏土或小石头制成的令牌，这种令牌后来在计数时变得很流行。become是动词，意为“变得，成为”。此处描述的是过去发生的事情，整句时态为一般过去时，所以become要变为过去式became。 8．句意：他们经常把令牌系在绳子上，方便携带。easy是形容词，意为“容易的”。此处用来修饰前面的动词carry，修饰动词需要用副词形式，easy的副词是easily。 9．句意：最后，人们创造了代表不同数字的书面符号。此处是定语从句，先行词是written symbols，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，需要填入定语从句的关系代词。指代物、在定语从句中作主语的关系代词可以用which或者that。 10．句意：这催生了0到9的阿拉伯数字体系，我们已经使用它数百年了，如今在我们的日常生活中仍然依赖它。use是动词，意为“使用”。空格后有时间状语for hundreds of years，表动作从过去持续到现在，时态为现在完成时，结构是have/has+过去分词，主语是we，助动词用have，use的过去分词是used。 Passage 7 Hemingway is one of the most famous writers and reporters in the 1 (twenty) century in the world. He was born on July 21, 1899 and 2 (die) on July 2, 1961. When he was a small child, his mother taught him and her other children music and creativity by 3 (take) them to concerts, museums and theatres. And his father 4 (teach) them to love nature and how 5 (cook) in the open air and other life skills. In 1917, Hemingway finished high school and then worked as 6 reporter. During World War I, he went to France, Italy and Spain. He fought in World War I and then moved to Cuba. Later, Cuba 7 (drive) him out of the country. He had to go back to Idaho, the USA．There he had many health problems. And in 1961 he killed 8 (him) with a gun in his own house. In his amazing life, Hemingway wrote lots of famous books. Most of them 9 (be) still popular now. The Old Man and the Sea helped him win the Pulitzer Prizes (普利策奖) in 1953 and the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954. His other famous 10 (work) include The Sun Also Rises (《太阳照常升起》), A Farewell to Arms (《永别了，武器》) and so on. 【答案】 1．twentieth 2．died 3．taking 4．taught 5．to cook 6．a 7．drove 8．himself 9．are 10．works 【导语】本文主要介绍了著名作家海明威的生平事迹及其文学成就。 【详解】 1．句意：海明威是20世纪世界上最著名的作家和记者之一。设空处需填入“twenty”的序数词形式，表示“第20世纪”。故填twentieth。 2．句意：他出生于1899年7月21日，于1961年7月2日去世。根据“on July 2, 1961.”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填died。 3．句意：当他还是一个小孩子时，他的母亲通过带他们去音乐会、博物馆和剧院来教授他和她的其他孩子音乐和创造力。by是介词，后跟动名词形式。故填taking。 4．句意：他的父亲教他们热爱自然，并教他们如何在户外烹饪及其他生活技能。此处是描述过去的事情，需用一般过去时。故填taught。 5．句意：他的父亲教他们热爱自然，并教他们如何在户外烹饪及其他生活技能。此处用“疑问词+不定式”作宾语，how to cook表示“如何烹饪”。故填to cook。 6．句意：1917年，海明威完成了高中学业，之后担任记者。此处泛指一名记者，且reporter是辅音音素开头的单词，用a修饰。故填a。 7．句意：后来，古巴将他驱逐出境。此处描述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时。故填drove。 8．句意：1961年，他在家中用枪结束了自己的生命。kill oneself“自杀”，空处用反身代词himself。故填himself。 9．句意：它们大多数至今仍受欢迎。根据“now”可知，时态用一般现在时，主语是复数，be用are。故填are。 10．句意：他的其他著名作品包括《太阳照常升起》、《永别了，武器》等。根据“include”可知，空处用名词复数作主语。故填works。 Passage 8 Do you know that? Different things are 1 (happen) in different time zones around the world right now. In Chongqing, China, 8:00 p.m., some people are 2 (rush) home from their jobs, but others are spending their time enjoying the nightlife. The city shines 3 (bright) because of the lights. You can see the boats of different colours moving slowly along the river, which makes the water look 4 (colour). People are enjoying delicious dishes, such 5 Chongqing hot pot and noodles. It’s 3:00 p.m.in Nairobi, Kenya. It’s a workday. Many people are busy with their work, but some are shopping for gifts like paintings and bags in different 6 (market). Many others are also enjoying walking in the parks and looking at animals. In New York, USA, it’s 7:00 a.m., 7 the city is already busy. People are hurrying to catch the subway for work. Bright yellow taxis are picking up and 8 (drop) off passengers. In 9 (centre) Park, people are exercising by jogging, walking, or 10 (ride) bikes. Others start their days with a cup of coffee and breakfast in cozy coffee shops. 【答案】 1．happening 2．rushing 3．brightly 4．colourful 5．as 6．markets 7．but 8．dropping 9．Central 10．riding 【导语】本文以同一时刻的不同时区为切入点，描绘了重庆、内罗毕、纽约三地截然不同的日常场景，展现了世界的多元与鲜活。 【详解】 1．句意：此刻，世界各地的不同时区里正在发生着各种各样的事情。right now“现在”是现在进行时的标志，结构为 be+现在分词，happen的现在分词是happening。 2．句意：有些人正从工作岗位匆匆赶回家。描述重庆晚上8点正在发生的场景，用现在进行时，rush的现在分词是rushing。 3．句意：因为灯光，这座城市闪耀着明亮的光芒。修饰动词“shines”要用副词，bright的副词形式是brightly。 4．句意：这让水面看起来五彩斑斓。“look”是感官系动词，后面接形容词作表语，colour的形容词形式是colourful“五颜六色的”。 5．句意：人们正在享用美食，比如重庆火锅和面条。固定搭配such as意为“例如，比如”，用来列举事物。 6．句意：在不同的市场里购买画作、包包等礼物。 空格前“different”后接可数名词复数，所以market变为复数markets。 7．句意：在美国纽约，现在是早上7点，但这座城市已经很繁忙了。前半句“纽约现在是早上7点”，后半句“城市已经很繁忙了”，前后是转折关系，用连词but。 8．句意：亮黄色的出租车正在接送乘客。 句子用现在进行时，“and”连接并列的动作“picking up”和“dropping off”，形式保持一致，用现在分词dropping。 9．句意：在中央公园里，人们正在锻炼。修饰名词“Park”要用形容词，centre的形容词形式是central，表示“中心的”；且作为公园名称，首字母需大写Central Park“中央公园”。 10．句意：人们通过慢跑、散步或骑自行车来锻炼。“by”是介词，后面接动名词；且“or”连接并列的“jogging”、“walking”和“riding”，形式保持一致，用动名词riding。 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 阅读下面短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词。 One summer night more than 1,500 years ago, a Chinese boy was sitting in a courtyard and 1 (watch) the full bright moon. He asked his grandpa why the moon sometimes was full and not at some other times. The grandfather explained that the movement of the moon had 2 (it) own rules, so it became full at a certain time every month. Then he asked the boy, “Are you 3 (interest) in the moon and stars?” The boy answered ,“Yes, very much.” The old man immediately went into the house. A few moments later, he 4 (return) with several books. The boy spent much time 5 (read) the books in the following months. He then decided 6 (take) astronomy (天文学) as his career. At last he became one of the 7 (excellent) mathematicians and astronomers in the world. His name was Zu Chongzhi. The Zu family moved from the north to today’s Nanjing to escape wars and political turmoil (混乱). Under the emperor’s support, the young Zu 8 (send) to study at the Imperial Institute. During his study, Zu was able to work out the numerical value of pi to be between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927. In 465 AD, Zu created a new calendar 9 (call) Daming Calendar. The new calendar was a great improvement over previous ones and contained many 10 (discovery) in astronomy. 【答案】 1．watching 2．its 3．interested 4．returned 5．reading 6．to take 7．most excellent 8．was sent 9．called 10．discoveries 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了祖冲之如何成为优秀的数学家和天文学家。 【详解】 1．句意：1500多年前的一个夏夜，一个中国男孩坐在院子里看着一轮满月。was sitting表明本句使用过去进行时，and表明前后为并列关系，即sit和watch是并列的动作，所以watch也用现在分词。故填watching。 2．句意：爷爷解释说，月亮的运行有它自己的规律，所以它在每个月的特定时间变圆。rules为名词，空格处应填形容词性物主代词，its“它的”符合题意。故填its。 3．句意：然后他问男孩：“你对月亮和星星感兴趣吗？”根据Are ... in和提示词可知，此处用固定短语be interested in，表示“对……感兴趣”，interested“感兴趣的”，是形容词，符合题意。故填interested。 4．句意：过了一会儿，他拿着几本书回来了。根据全文时态，结合前一句went和本句的“A few moments later”可知，本句应使用一般过去时，return“返回”是动词，作谓语，在这里应使用过去式。故填returned。 5．句意：在接下来的几个月里，这个男孩花了很多时间读书。spend ... (time) doing sth.为固定搭配，表示“花……（时间）做某事”，read“阅读”为动词，在这里应使用动名词。故填reading。 6．句意：然后他决定把天文学作为他的事业。decide to do sth.为固定短语，表示“决定做某事”，take为动词，在这里应使用动词不定式。故填to take。 7．句意：最后，他成了世界上最杰出的数学家和天文学家之一。根据“one of the ...”可知，本句采用了固定搭配“one of the＋形容词最高级”表示“最……之一”，excellent“出色的”为形容词，在这里应使用形容词最高级，因excellent为多音节词，其最高级形式是在单词前加most。故填most excellent。 8．句意：在皇帝的支持下，年轻的祖被送到国子监学习。send“送”，是动词，本句主语Zu与send之间为动宾关系，指祖冲之被送去读书，应用被动语态，结合全文时态可知，应使用一般过去时，主语Zu为第三人称单数，因此be动词应用was。故填was sent。 9．句意：公元465年，祖制定了新的历法《大明历》。根据“Zu created a new calendar”可知，祖冲之制定了新的历法，被命名为Daming Calendar“《大明历》”，call“命名”为动词，这里应用过去分词表示“被叫做，被命名为”。故填called。 10．句意：新的历法相比以前的历法有了很大的改进，包含了天文学上的许多发现。many“许多”后面应接复数名词，discovery“发现”为可数名词，这里应使用复数形式。故填discoveries。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Every year on March 14, students around the world put down their textbooks and pick up slices of pie to celebrate a unique and delicious holiday—Pi(π) Day. Thinking of the first 3 digits (数位) of pi (3.14), you can quickly work out 1 March 14 was chosen as the date for Pi Day. In 2019, UNESCO set the dayas the International Day of Mathematics to celebrate the beauty of math and stress the essential role it plays in all aspects of our lives. Pi Day was first celebrated in the US in 1988 at San Francisco’s Exploratorium, a museum of science and technology which 2 (encourage) visitors to be hands-on. During the first celebration, Exploratorium’s employees marched around one of the circular 3 (space) of the museum because pi is the rate of a circle’s circumference (周长) to its diameter. As a celebration of the mathematical constant pi, Pi Day in China is to honor Zu Chongzhi (429—500 AD), a Chinese mathematician who calculated pi as being 4 3.1415926 and 3.1415927, a record in accuracy 5 was not surpassed for over 800 years. Pi Day is celebrated in 6 (variety) ways across the world. In the US, schools usually hold activities related to pie, such as pie-eating contests or 7 (simple) throwing pies toward each other. “In Germany, the celebration of Pi Daytakes on a cultural twist,” said a 15-year-old German girl. Schools inspire students 8 (express) their artistic side through pi-related art displays. These range from pi-inspired paintings to mathematical sculptures, training creativity within the field of mathematics. She even built a 3-dimensional cityscape with Lego for Pi Day, 9 (use) different colored blocks to represent each digit of pi. So, this year’s Pi Day was no different. Pies 10 (eat) up and numbers rolled as students across the globe came together yet again to honor the charm of pi and math as a whole. 【答案】 1．why 2．encourages 3．spaces 4．between 5．that/which 6．various 7．simply 8．to express 9．using 10．were eaten 【导语】本文主要介绍了圆周率日和它的庆祝活动。 1．句意：你很快就能明白为什么3月14日被选为圆周率日。根据“March 14 was chosen as the date for Pi Day”可知是为什么3月14日被选为圆周率日，why“为什么”。故填why。 2．句意：1988年，圆周率日首次在美国旧金山的探索馆举行，这是一家鼓励游客动手的科技博物馆。此处描述客观事情，which代指a museum of science and technology，谓语动词用单三encourages“鼓励”。故填encourages。 3．句意：在第一次庆祝活动中，探索馆的员工在博物馆的一个圆形空间周围游行，因为圆周率是圆的周长与直径的比率。one of后加可数名词复数spaces“空间”。故填spaces。 4．句意：他计算出圆周率在3.1415926和3.1415927之间，这一精度记录在800多年来一直没有超过。根据“3.1415926 and 3.1415927”可知是between...and...“在……和……之间”。故填between。 5．句意：他计算出圆周率在3.1415926和3.1415927之间，这一精度记录在800多年来一直没有超过。句子是定语从句，先行词是a record，关系词在从句中作主语，用that/which引导定语从句。故填that/which。 6．句意：圆周率日在世界各地以各种方式庆祝。修饰名词ways用形容词various“各种各样的”。故填various。 7．句意：在美国，学校通常会举办与馅饼有关的活动，比如吃馅饼比赛，或者只是互相扔馅饼。修饰动词用副词simply“简单地”。故填simply。 8．句意： 学校通过与圆周率相关的艺术展示激发学生表达自己的艺术一面。inspire sb. to do sth.“激励某人做某事”。故填to express。 9．句意：她甚至用乐高积木为圆周率日制作了一个三维城市景观，用不同颜色的方块来代表圆周率的每个数字。句中有谓语动词，use和主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词。故填using。 10．句意：当世界各地的学生再次聚集在一起，向圆周率和数学的整体魅力致敬时，馅饼被吃掉了，数字也滚了起来。主语Pies和谓语之间是被动关系，根据“came”可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是名词复数，be动词用were。故填were eaten。 Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The practice of giving gifts is popular all over the world, because it is a wonderful way 1 (express) care and love. However, there are many different gift-giving taboos (禁忌) across cultures. You might 2 (easy) offend (冒犯) others unless you learn about local customs and traditions beforehand. In China, “giving a clock” sounds like “attending a funeral (sòng zhōng)”, making it an 3 (proper) gift, especially for the elderly. “Umbrella” sounds like “scatter/separate” (sàn), and “pear” sounds like “part ways” (li). Both have the meaning of separation. The pronunciation of the Number 4 is so close to the word for “death” 4 Chinese people don’t like gifts in this amount (数量). In India, cows are very special to many people. Therefore, sending beef or leather (皮革) cow products to someone is one of the worst 5 (choice) you can make. In Germany, you should never give gifts with pictures of black cats or magpies (喜鹊) on them because people consider them to bring bad luck. And people in Germany 6 (follow) these old customs for a long time. You may also be 7 (surprise) to learn that gifting a knife is unlucky in French culture, which means an end to friendship—locals think the blade (刀刃) will cut all friendly bonds. In Italy, a handkerchief is 8 unusual gift, for it connects with tears and farewell (告别). If we truly respect different cultural taboos, we can better protect 9 (we) from unnecessary mistakes and get along well 10 people from different parts of the world. 【答案】 1．to express 2．easily 3．improper 4．that 5．choices 6．have followed/have been following 7．surprised 8．an 9．ourselves 10．with 【导语】本文介绍了不同国家送礼时的文化禁忌，包括中国、印度、德国、法国和意大利的习俗，提醒人们在跨文化交流中尊重传统以避免冒犯他人。 【详解】 1．句意：赠送礼物这一习俗在世界各地都十分盛行，因为这是传递关心与爱意的绝佳方式。固定搭配“a way to do sth.”表示“做某事的方式”，不定式作后置定语，express的不定式形式是to express。 2．句意：除非你提前了解当地风俗和传统，否则你可能很容易冒犯他人。 空格修饰动词offend，需用副词作状语。easy的副词形式为easily，意为“容易地”。 3．句意：在中国，“送钟” 听起来和 “送终” 读音相同，这让它成为不合适的礼物，尤其是送给长辈。“伞” 听起来寓意 “分散、分离”，而 “梨” 听起来代表 “别离”。空格修饰名词gift，需用形容词。前文提到“送钟”谐音“送终”，被认为是不吉利的，因此是不“合适的”礼物。proper的否定形式为improper，意为“不合适的”。 4．句意：数字4的发音与“死亡”非常接近，所以中国人不喜欢含此数量的礼物。此处考查so…that…引导的结果状语从句表示“如此……以至于……”，故填that。 5．句意：因此，送牛肉或皮革牛制品给别人是你可能做出的最糟糕的选择之一。 固定搭配“one of+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”，表示“最……之一”，故choice用复数choices。 6．句意：德国人长期以来一直遵循这些古老习俗。时间状语“for a long time”表示从过去持续到现在的动作，可用现在完成时have followed表示动作已完成并对现在有影响，也可用现在完成进行时have been following强调动作的持续性和未完结性。 7．句意：你或许还会惊讶地了解到：在法国文化中赠送刀具是不吉利的，这象征友谊走向终结——当地人认为刀刃会斩断所有情谊。空格在系动词be后，作表语，修饰人you，表示“感到惊讶的”，用surprise的形容词surprised。 8．句意：在意大利，手帕是一件不同寻常的礼物，因为它与眼泪和告别有关。unusual以元音音素开头，且为形容词修饰单数名词gift，用不定冠词an。 9．句意：如果我们真正尊重不同的文化禁忌，就能更好地避免自身犯下不必要的错误，并且与世界各地的人们和睦相处。此处表示“保护我们自己”，与主语we一致，故填ourselves。 10．句意：如果我们真正尊重不同的文化禁忌，就能更好地避免自身犯下不必要的错误，并且与世界各地的人们和睦相处。固定搭配“get along well with sb.表示“与某人相处融洽”，填介词with。 Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。 Once upon a time, there was a detective (侦探) named Detective Maths. He was very good 1 solving maths problems and loved to help people with their calculations. One day, he received a letter from the Maths Kingdom. 2 letter said that a number had gone missing in the kingdom. The king asked Detective Maths 3 (help) his kingdom! Detective Maths packed 4 (he) notebook and pencil and set off. He soon arrived at the Maths Kingdom, a place filled with colourful numbers and 5 (friend) maths symbols. The king said, “Because of the missing number, all our calculations are wrong. I know you have the 6 (able) to solve this case (案件). Please help us.” Detective Maths started investigating (调查) by 7 (talk) to the numbers and symbols. He asked them if they had seen anything strange or unusual. The numbers and symbols said no. Then Detective Maths 8 (check) all the calculations in the Kingdom. After working out many maths problems and puzzles 9 (correct), Detective Maths finally found that the missing number was 5. He also discovered a number thief (小偷) hiding in a secret cave. The thief was a little number named Zero. Zero took away the missing number 10 he wanted to be the only number in the Maths Kingdom. Detective Maths told Zero that all numbers were important and that they needed to work together. 【答案】 1．at 2．The 3．to help 4．his 5．friendly 6．ability 7．talking 8．checked 9．correctly 10．because 【导语】本文主要讲述了数学侦探为数学王国找回丢失的数字的故事。 【详解】 1．句意：他非常擅长解决数学问题，并且喜欢帮助人们进行计算。be good at doing sth.“擅长做某事”为固定用法，故填at。 2．句意：信中说，王国中有个数字失踪了。上句提到“he received a letter from the Maths Kingdom”，此处特指那封信，应用定冠词the修饰；空处位于句首，首字母应大写。故填The。 3．句意：国王请求数学侦探帮助他的王国！ask sb. to do sth.“请求某人做某事”为固定结构，故填to help。 4．句意：数学侦探收拾好他的笔记本和铅笔，然后出发了。空处修饰其后的名词notebook and pencil，应用形容词性物主代词。故填his。 5．句意：他很快就抵达了数学王国，一个充满五彩数字和友好数学符号的地方。此处应用名词friend的形容词形式friendly（友好的）来修饰后面的maths symbols。故填friendly。 6．句意：我知道你有能力解决这个案子。have the ability to do sth.“有能力做某事”为固定用法，故此处填able的名词形式ability。 7．句意：数学侦探通过与数字和符号交谈开始了调查。空处位于介词by后，应用动名词形式。故填talking。 8．句意：然后数学侦探检查了王国里的所有计算。通读全文可知，时态为一般过去时，此处应填动词的过去式。故填checked。 9．句意：在正确解出许多数学题和谜题后，数学侦探最终发现缺失的数字是5。此处修饰动词短语work out，应用correct的副词形式correctly，表示“正确地”。故填correctly。 10．句意：0拿走了缺失的数字，因为他想成为数学王国中唯一的数字。空处前后内容存在因果关系，且空后表示原因，应用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。 Passage 5 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 The US is a country with some different practices from ours. One is to tip (给小费) workers for their service. It’s 1 important part of the culture there. Tipping didn’t start in the US, though. It actually 2 (begin) in Europe. Rich Americans who were on vacation there in the mid-1800s found out about the practice. When they got back to the US, they thought that they should also thank workers 3 their good service as people in Europe did. 4 (gradual), they started to tip workers and soon, tipping became popular among people. By the 1920s, it had become a common practice. Today, tipping is still important in the US, but it isn’t as common in Europe. You may wonder who and how much you should tip. Here is a 5 (suggest). When you are in the US, you should behave like Americans and tip waiters, taxi drivers, and some hotel workers. Waiters and taxi drivers only make a little money. They depend on the tips 6 (live). So, you can give 7 (they) 15% of the bill (账单) for good service and 20% for great service. At 8 (hotel), you should tip porters (行李员) $1 to $2 for each bag and house cleaners $2 to $5 for each night. Of course, you can always tip 9 (much) if you like. In a word, don’t forget to tip workers 10 they offer service to you in the US. 【答案】 1．an 2．began 3．for 4．Gradually 5．suggestion 6．to live 7．them 8．hotels 9．more 10．when 【导语】本文主要介绍了美国小费文化的起源、发展以及如今在美国如何给小费的建议。 【详解】 1．句意：这是当地文化中很重要的一部分。根据“It’s…important part of the culture there.”可知，此处表示一个重要部分。part是单数可数名词，important首字母发音为元音音素，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 2．句意：它实际上起源于欧洲。根据“in the mid-1800s”以及“Tipping didn’t start in the US”可知，整段讲述的是小费文化的起源历史，应用一般过去时。begin“开始”的过去式是began。故填began。 3．句意：当他们回到美国后，他们认为自己也应该像欧洲人那样，为服务人员的优质服务表示感谢。根据“thank workers…their good service”可知，此处表示为服务人员的优质服务表示感谢。thank sb. for sth.结构，意为“因某事感谢某人”。故填for。 4．句意：渐渐地，他们开始给服务人员小费，很快，小费文化就在民众中流行起来了。根据“…they started to tip workers…”可知，此处修饰整句话，表示随着时间的推移。gradual意为“逐渐的”，此处应用其副词形式gradually，位于句首首字母需大写。故填Gradually。 5．句意：这里有一条建议。根据“Here is a…”可知，冠词a后接单数可数名词。suggest意为“建议”，是动词，其名词形式是suggestion。故填suggestion。 6．句意：他们依靠小费维持生计。根据“They depend on the tips…”可知，此处表示目的，服务员和出租车司机靠小费来维持生活。live意为“生活”，此处应用动词不定式to live作目的状语。故填to live。 7．句意：所以，若服务不错，你可以给账单金额的15% 作为小费；若服务很棒，则给20%。根据“you can give…15% of the bill (账单)”可知，give是动词，后接人称代词宾格作宾语。they“他们”的宾格是them。故填them。 8．句意：在酒店里，你应该给行李员每袋行李1到2美元的小费，给客房清洁工每晚2到5美元的小费。根据“At…porters (行李员)…house cleaners”可知，行李员和客房清洁工都是旅馆场景下的服务人员。hotel意为“旅馆”，此处泛指，应用复数形式hotels。故填hotels。 9．句意：当然，如果你愿意，也可以多给一些小费。根据“you can always tip…if you like”可知，前文给出了具体的小费比例建议，此处表示如果你愿意，可以超过这个标准，给他们更多小费。much的比较级是more。故填more。 10．句意：总之，在美国，当服务人员为你提供服务时，别忘了给他们小费。根据“don’t forget to tip workers…they offer service to you in the US.”可知，前后句存在时间逻辑关系，表示在对方提供服务的时候给小费。when意为“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句。故填when。 ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Amazing numbers 语法填空题型专练（话题：人与社会——神奇数字） 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Do you have a lucky number? What is it? Many people hope to have a special number and they hope it 1 (bring)them good luck. In Chinese culture, some numbers 2 (believe)to be lucky or unlucky based on the Chinese word that the number sounds similar to. For example, the word for the number "eight" sounds similar to the word for "making a fortune". So, the businessman 3 (consider)it a very lucky number. Some people will even spend a lot of money to have 8s in their phone number or on their vehicle license plate(车牌照)number. The 4 (open)ceremony of the Beijing Olympics began at 8: 08 pm on Aug 8, 2008. The number 9 is also a lucky number because of its 5 (connect)to the emperors of China. There were nine dragons on emperors' robes(龙袍)and Chinese myth held that the dragon 6 (have)nine children. The number 9 also stands for "long lasting" . That's why a man always proposes(求婚)to a woman with 99 or 999 roses. My brother 7 (succeed)in proposing with the way recently. So what's an unlucky number in China? One example is 4. Many Chinese people see 4 as an unlucky number because it sounds similar to the character for " 8 "(die). Because of this, many buildings skip(跳过)the fourth floor，and simply call it the 9 (five)floor. In Hong Kong, some buildings even skip all floors numbered with 4, such as 4, 14, 24, 34 and all 40-49 floors. Some buildings also skip the 13th floor, as this is considered an unlucky number in western countries. As a result, a building whose 10 (high)floor is 50 may have only 35 physical floors. Passage 2 阅读下面短文，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空(必要时可加情态动词或助动词)。 Have you ever counted the number of digits(数字) in your mobile phone number? Your number has 11 digits. Sometimes you 1 (find) it hard to remember your number. That’s because China 2 (have) the longest mobile phone numbers in the world. Why is that? The 11 digits 3 (divide) into three parts. Each part has a different meaning. The first three numbers tell you which mobile phone service provider(提供者) you 4 (use). For example, 135 is for China Mobile Communications Corporation and 188 is for China Unicom. The fourth to the seventh digits tell you where the number is registered(注册). And the last four digits are random(随机的) . The main reason for 5 (use) 11 digits is that we have the largest population in the world. We once 6 (have) 10 numbers. But as our population 7 (grow) bigger and bigger, there were not enough numbers for us to use. So we began to use 11 digits starting from 1999. Eleven digits can be used to make tens of billions of mobile phone numbers. That's enough for each person 8 (have) seven or eight phone numbers to use in China. And mobile phone numbers can be recycled. Usually, the service provider 9 (reuse) a canceled number in three to six months. If you call a number that you 10 (not contact联系) for a long time, you may find that its owner has changed. Besides China, Britain and Japan also use 11-digit mobile phone numbers. But their numbers always start with 0. So they cannot create as many numbers as we can. Countries like the United States, Australia and India use phone numbers with 10 digits. Canada’s mobile phone numbers are perhaps the shortest in the world: they use seven digits. Passage 3 根据句子意思，用所给单词的适当形式填空，或在横线上填入一个合适的词，使短文语义通顺，语法完整。 Counting 1 (number) is one of the 2 (one) lessons you begin to learn when you learn 3 new language. Most of the time, the counting 4 (start) from the number “1”. However, the number “0” is also important. Unlike 5 other numbers in the English language, it 6 (have) several words to describe it. 7 (help) you use the 8 (good) word in the right context (语境), here’s a quick and easy guide on how to say “0” in English. When to say “o”    In spoken English, the number “0” is often read as the letter “o”. This is especially true when “0” is included with a list of other numbers. This is most commonly used in phone numbers. When to say “zero” “Zero” is a word mostly used in Maths and Science. When you are measuring something, or 9 you are a fan of science, you will probably find 10 (you) using this word quite a bit! Passage 4 The People’s Bank of China came out the 1 (five) edition of the RMB from August 30, 2019. The paper money has brighter colors and new safety features. We’ve been using paper money for about 1,000 years. Back in the Northern Song Dynasty, Chinese people 2 (make) the world’s earliest paper money to replace metal coins. The paper money 3 (call) jiaozi at that time. Paper money is cheaper to make and 4 (easy) to carry. These advantages made it more popular than other 5 (form) of money. But now, in the digital (数码) age, paper money seems 6 (be) disappearing for the same reason. China seems to be heading towards becoming a cashless society. From supermarkets to street stores, people pay by 7 (use) the We Chat Wallet and Alipay apps on their mobile phones. Sweden is even 8 (close) to a future without paper money than others. Many Swedish banks even no longer have cash on hand. But there are worries about creating cashless societies. Some say it is unfair to the poor and people without much education. It’s not easy for them to open bank accounts or use mobile phones 9 (pay). And if all of your money is “digital”, it may not be safe enough. Is paper money going away? Although paper money is used less than electronic payment in some countries, it 10 (not disappear) at once in most parts of the world. Passage 5 Today I will tell you about expressions using numbers. Let us start with the number one. Numbers can be tricky. On the one hand, they are simply numbers. On the other hand, they have 1 (mean). Many people consider 2 (they) number one, the 3 (important) person. They are always looking out for number one and 4 (take) care of number one. It is as if they are the one and only person 5 the earth. Some people, however, are not so self-centered. My brother is such 6 person. It is true—no joke. I am not trying to pull a fast one on you. First, you have to understand that my brother is one in a million. He is such a nice person. All his friends like him. They consider him one of the boys. 7 (recent), my brother had a bad day at the office. It was just one of those days. Nothing went right. So he stopped at a local bar—a drinking place, after 8 (leave) work. My brother planned to have a glass of beer with his friends, a quick one, before he went home. As my brother was leaving, they asked him   9 he was able to drive home safely. Now my brother is a wise and calm person. He is at one with himself. He recognizes when he has had too much alcohol (酒精) 10 (drink). So he accepts an offer for a ride home from a friend. Passage 6 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 How did people count things a long time ago? Before the 1 (invent) of numbers, people used many different 2 (way) to count. At first, they used their fingers, and 3 (even) their toes. But they could only count small numbers in 4 simple way. Later, they started to make small marks 5 sticks and bones to record quantities (数量). This helped them count 6 (big) numbers than before—like the days of the month, the amount of food, or the number of animals they had. Then people began to use tokens (令牌) made of clay or small stones, which 7 (become) popular for counting later. They often tied the tokens on strings to carry them 8 (easy). Over time, this developed into tools like the abacus. Finally, people created written symbols 9 showed different numbers. This leads to the Hindu-Arabic system (0—9), which we 10 (use) for hundreds of years and still depend on it today in our daily lives. Passage 7 Hemingway is one of the most famous writers and reporters in the 1 (twenty) century in the world. He was born on July 21, 1899 and 2 (die) on July 2, 1961. When he was a small child, his mother taught him and her other children music and creativity by 3 (take) them to concerts, museums and theatres. And his father 4 (teach) them to love nature and how 5 (cook) in the open air and other life skills. In 1917, Hemingway finished high school and then worked as 6 reporter. During World War I, he went to France, Italy and Spain. He fought in World War I and then moved to Cuba. Later, Cuba 7 (drive) him out of the country. He had to go back to Idaho, the USA．There he had many health problems. And in 1961 he killed 8 (him) with a gun in his own house. In his amazing life, Hemingway wrote lots of famous books. Most of them 9 (be) still popular now. The Old Man and the Sea helped him win the Pulitzer Prizes (普利策奖) in 1953 and the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954. His other famous 10 (work) include The Sun Also Rises (《太阳照常升起》), A Farewell to Arms (《永别了，武器》) and so on. Passage 8 Do you know that? Different things are 1 (happen) in different time zones around the world right now. In Chongqing, China, 8:00 p.m., some people are 2 (rush) home from their jobs, but others are spending their time enjoying the nightlife. The city shines 3 (bright) because of the lights. You can see the boats of different colours moving slowly along the river, which makes the water look 4 (colour). People are enjoying delicious dishes, such 5 Chongqing hot pot and noodles. It’s 3:00 p.m.in Nairobi, Kenya. It’s a workday. Many people are busy with their work, but some are shopping for gifts like paintings and bags in different 6 (market). Many others are also enjoying walking in the parks and looking at animals. In New York, USA, it’s 7:00 a.m., 7 the city is already busy. People are hurrying to catch the subway for work. Bright yellow taxis are picking up and 8 (drop) off passengers. In 9 (centre) Park, people are exercising by jogging, walking, or 10 (ride) bikes. Others start their days with a cup of coffee and breakfast in cozy coffee shops. 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 阅读下面短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词。 One summer night more than 1,500 years ago, a Chinese boy was sitting in a courtyard and 1 (watch) the full bright moon. He asked his grandpa why the moon sometimes was full and not at some other times. The grandfather explained that the movement of the moon had 2 (it) own rules, so it became full at a certain time every month. Then he asked the boy, “Are you 3 (interest) in the moon and stars?” The boy answered ,“Yes, very much.” The old man immediately went into the house. A few moments later, he 4 (return) with several books. The boy spent much time 5 (read) the books in the following months. He then decided 6 (take) astronomy (天文学) as his career. At last he became one of the 7 (excellent) mathematicians and astronomers in the world. His name was Zu Chongzhi. The Zu family moved from the north to today’s Nanjing to escape wars and political turmoil (混乱). Under the emperor’s support, the young Zu 8 (send) to study at the Imperial Institute. During his study, Zu was able to work out the numerical value of pi to be between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927. In 465 AD, Zu created a new calendar 9 (call) Daming Calendar. The new calendar was a great improvement over previous ones and contained many 10 (discovery) in astronomy. Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Every year on March 14, students around the world put down their textbooks and pick up slices of pie to celebrate a unique and delicious holiday—Pi(π) Day. Thinking of the first 3 digits (数位) of pi (3.14), you can quickly work out 1 March 14 was chosen as the date for Pi Day. In 2019, UNESCO set the dayas the International Day of Mathematics to celebrate the beauty of math and stress the essential role it plays in all aspects of our lives. Pi Day was first celebrated in the US in 1988 at San Francisco’s Exploratorium, a museum of science and technology which 2 (encourage) visitors to be hands-on. During the first celebration, Exploratorium’s employees marched around one of the circular 3 (space) of the museum because pi is the rate of a circle’s circumference (周长) to its diameter. As a celebration of the mathematical constant pi, Pi Day in China is to honor Zu Chongzhi (429—500 AD), a Chinese mathematician who calculated pi as being 4 3.1415926 and 3.1415927, a record in accuracy 5 was not surpassed for over 800 years. Pi Day is celebrated in 6 (variety) ways across the world. In the US, schools usually hold activities related to pie, such as pie-eating contests or 7 (simple) throwing pies toward each other. “In Germany, the celebration of Pi Daytakes on a cultural twist,” said a 15-year-old German girl. Schools inspire students 8 (express) their artistic side through pi-related art displays. These range from pi-inspired paintings to mathematical sculptures, training creativity within the field of mathematics. She even built a 3-dimensional cityscape with Lego for Pi Day, 9 (use) different colored blocks to represent each digit of pi. So, this year’s Pi Day was no different. Pies 10 (eat) up and numbers rolled as students across the globe came together yet again to honor the charm of pi and math as a whole. Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The practice of giving gifts is popular all over the world, because it is a wonderful way 1 (express) care and love. However, there are many different gift-giving taboos (禁忌) across cultures. You might 2 (easy) offend (冒犯) others unless you learn about local customs and traditions beforehand. In China, “giving a clock” sounds like “attending a funeral (sòng zhōng)”, making it an 3 (proper) gift, especially for the elderly. “Umbrella” sounds like “scatter/separate” (sàn), and “pear” sounds like “part ways” (li). Both have the meaning of separation. The pronunciation of the Number 4 is so close to the word for “death” 4 Chinese people don’t like gifts in this amount (数量). In India, cows are very special to many people. Therefore, sending beef or leather (皮革) cow products to someone is one of the worst 5 (choice) you can make. In Germany, you should never give gifts with pictures of black cats or magpies (喜鹊) on them because people consider them to bring bad luck. And people in Germany 6 (follow) these old customs for a long time. You may also be 7 (surprise) to learn that gifting a knife is unlucky in French culture, which means an end to friendship—locals think the blade (刀刃) will cut all friendly bonds. In Italy, a handkerchief is 8 unusual gift, for it connects with tears and farewell (告别). If we truly respect different cultural taboos, we can better protect 9 (we) from unnecessary mistakes and get along well 10 people from different parts of the world. Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。 Once upon a time, there was a detective (侦探) named Detective Maths. He was very good 1 solving maths problems and loved to help people with their calculations. One day, he received a letter from the Maths Kingdom. 2 letter said that a number had gone missing in the kingdom. The king asked Detective Maths 3 (help) his kingdom! Detective Maths packed 4 (he) notebook and pencil and set off. He soon arrived at the Maths Kingdom, a place filled with colourful numbers and 5 (friend) maths symbols. The king said, “Because of the missing number, all our calculations are wrong. I know you have the 6 (able) to solve this case (案件). Please help us.” Detective Maths started investigating (调查) by 7 (talk) to the numbers and symbols. He asked them if they had seen anything strange or unusual. The numbers and symbols said no. Then Detective Maths 8 (check) all the calculations in the Kingdom. After working out many maths problems and puzzles 9 (correct), Detective Maths finally found that the missing number was 5. He also discovered a number thief (小偷) hiding in a secret cave. The thief was a little number named Zero. Zero took away the missing number 10 he wanted to be the only number in the Maths Kingdom. Detective Maths told Zero that all numbers were important and that they needed to work together. Passage 5 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 The US is a country with some different practices from ours. One is to tip (给小费) workers for their service. It’s 1 important part of the culture there. Tipping didn’t start in the US, though. It actually 2 (begin) in Europe. Rich Americans who were on vacation there in the mid-1800s found out about the practice. When they got back to the US, they thought that they should also thank workers 3 their good service as people in Europe did. 4 (gradual), they started to tip workers and soon, tipping became popular among people. By the 1920s, it had become a common practice. Today, tipping is still important in the US, but it isn’t as common in Europe. You may wonder who and how much you should tip. Here is a 5 (suggest). When you are in the US, you should behave like Americans and tip waiters, taxi drivers, and some hotel workers. Waiters and taxi drivers only make a little money. They depend on the tips 6 (live). So, you can give 7 (they) 15% of the bill (账单) for good service and 20% for great service. At 8 (hotel), you should tip porters (行李员) $1 to $2 for each bag and house cleaners $2 to $5 for each night. Of course, you can always tip 9 (much) if you like. In a word, don’t forget to tip workers 10 they offer service to you in the US. ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $