Unit 1 Look it up！ 语法填空（热点题型专练）英语新教材沪教版八年级上册

**基本信息** 围绕人与社会、文化传承等话题，通过基础与拔高梯度训练，系统覆盖语法填空核心考点，提升语言综合运用能力与跨文化认知。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |巩固基础·专项突破|8篇（如Online encyclopedias、The Palace Museum）|考查名词单复数、动词时态、代词等基础语法，语境简单|从基础词汇变形到简单句法，话题贴近学生认知，培养语言理解能力| |培优拔高·挑战攻坚|8篇（如Qinling Mountains、Embroidery）|增加非谓语动词、从句引导词等复杂语法，语境丰富|结合文化遗产、科学发现等深度话题，强化语法知识迁移与思维品质|

Unit 1 Look it up! 语法填空题型专练（话题：人与社会——百科知识） 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Online encyclopedias are like endless treasure boxes filled with 1 (know) on the Internet. Wherever you are, as long as you have a computer, tablet, or smartphone, you can open 2 (they) and explore a wide world of information. You can learn about the great leaders 3 history, the latest findings in science, the cultures of different 4 (country), and even the secrets of ancient civilizations. What makes online encyclopedias special is that they can be updated constantly. Unlike 5 (tradition) books, which need a long time to revise and publish new editions, information on online encyclopedias can change every day. For instance, when a new planet 6 (discover) in space or a popular movie is released, details about them 7 (appear) online soon. However, we must use online encyclopedias 8 (careful). Sometimes, people might write wrong information by accident, or some content may not be fully checked. So, if you use the information from online encyclopedias for homework or research, it’s important 9 (check) it with other trusted resources, like school books or government websites.​ All in all, online encyclopedias are 10 (amaze) tools. They help us learn quickly and satisfy our curiosity. With smart use, they will be our best friends on the learning journey. Passage 2 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 The Palace Museum is a famous place in Beijing, China. Lots of people 1 different countries visit it every year. Many people also call it “the Forbidden City” because long ago, only 2 (emperor) and their families lived there. People started 3 (build) the Palace Museum in 1406. Back then, many workers worked hard every day to build it. After 14 long years, they 4 (finish) it in 1420. The Palace Museum has many big 5 beautiful halls. The biggest hall is Taihe Dian. Its 6 (high) is about 35 meters. That’s like 11 tall trees standing together! It looks so great. When you want to visit, you need to buy tickets first. Don’t be 7 (care)! Keep your tickets in a safe place—If you lose 8 (they), you won’t get in. Inside, you can see old and pretty things, like colorful vases and golden chairs. You can also buy nice postcards there. 9 postcards have pictures of the Palace Museum’s red walls and yellow roofs. They are perfect to send to your friends. Sometimes, there are 10 (create) activities for kids, like drawing the palace’s nice views with crayons. I love the Palace Museum. It is fun and full of interesting stories. If you go to Beijing, you can visit it too! Passage 3 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Da Vinci, Leonardo Leonardo da Vinci was an Italian painter, inventor, musician, engineer and 1 (science). Da Vinci was 2 (extreme) intelligent, and he was unusually talented in many different fields. He was a true genius, and his paintings and inventions changed the way we think about art and science. Leonardo da Vinci was born in the countryside in Italy. From an early age, he 3 (show) great intelligence and artistic talent. As he grew older, he learnt to do many different things. His 4 (paint) are very famous, and one,the Mona Lisa, is perhaps the most famous painting in the world. He also had many inventions. For example, his notebooks include some 5 (interest) drawings of flying machines and other vehicles. Dinosaurs Dinosaurs are 1 type of prehistoric animal. They are 2 (relate) to crocodiles, snakes and lizards. They are also the ancestors of today’s birds. Dinosaurs first appeared around 245 million years ago. The word “dinosaur” comes from two Greek words, and it means “terrible lizard”. Dinosaurs lived on land and walked on either two 3 four legs. Many dinosaurs ate plants, but some ate meat. Dinosaurs came in different sizes. Some were as small as chickens, and others were as big as ten elephants. Dinosaurs ruled the Earth for more than 180 million years. About 66 million years ago, dinosaurs suddenly died 4 . Scientists are not completely sure why. However, they are learning more and more about dinosaurs by 5 (study) their fossils. Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 World Hello Day is celebrated on November 21st every year. It 1 (begin) in 1973 because of the fight between Israel and Egypt. Since then, about 180 countries have taken part 2 it. People celebrate the day 3 (simple) by saying hello to and greeting at least 10 people they meet! Of course, they can be family members and friends, 4 it is better if you are brave enough to say “Hello” to 5 (strange) on the street. Many winners of the Nobel Peace Prize are among the people who have realized World Hello Day’s value as a way for keeping peace and as an occasion that makes 6 possible for anyone in the world to contribute to world peace. “World Hello Day aims at developing peace and 7 (clear) up barriers (障碍) between every nation. People around the world use the occasion of World Hello Day as a chance 8 (express) their strong wishes for world peace,” the organizer said. “We can only achieve a 9 (peace) world if we join together. The key is communication.” As long as everyone learns to communicate through talking instead of being violent to each other, our world 10 (be) a better place to live in. Passage 5 根据短文内容，用所给单词的适当形式填空，未提供单词的根据上下文填入适当的词。 Lang Lang was born on June 14, 1982 in Shenyang, Liaoning Province. He is one of the most famous 1 (music) in the world. He is popular because of his intelligence and love for music. When Lang Lang was two and a half years old, he liked a famous cartoon, Tom and Jerry. One day, he watched Tom playing the piano on TV, and then he became interested in it. From then on, he enjoyed 2 (play) his father’s old piano. Soon he could play a short tune (曲子) by 3 (he). His father was really 4 (surprise) and began to let him take piano lessons. When he was three, Lang Lang learned the piano 5 Zhu Yafen, a famous music teacher. Two years later, he took part in 6 competition for the first time and won first prize. After that, he 7 (give) the first concert of his life. In his 8 (twenty), Mr. Obama invited him to play the piano at the White House. Lang Lang played the song My Motherland. When the concert was over, he said to the reporter, “I chose this song 9 I love China.” Now, lots of people love his beautiful music. He is really a born artist! We are all proud of him. More importantly, Lang Lang encourages millions of young people 10 (learn) classical music (古典音乐)! Passage 6 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡规定的位置上。 Do you know about Confucius? Confucius is 1 (great) teacher in Chinese history. His birthday was on September 28. Although he 2 (live) over 2,000 years ago, people still remember and respect him for his contribution to the education today. Confucius lived in the Kingdom of Lu in Shandong Province. He lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. He had 3 hard childhood. His father died when he was only 3. His mother brought him up. As a child, he had to work 4 (help) his mother, but young Confucius didn’t give up 5 (study). He visited many famous teachers and learnt music, history, poetry and sports. Later, he became a teacher and started the 6 (one) public school in Chinese history. At that time, only children from noble (贵族的) families could go to school, but Confucius believed everyone should go to school 7 they wanted to learn. He had about 3,000 8 (student) in his life. Today, people still follow Confucius’ lessons. He told us that we all have something worthy to be learnt. “When I am with three people, one of them must be better 9 me in some areas. I choose their good qualities and follow them.” He also taught 10 (we) that thinking is very important in study. “All study but no thinking makes people puzzled. All thinking but no study makes people lazy.” Passage 7 （25-26八年级上·广东深圳·期末）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式, 并将答案写在答题卡相应位置。 The Beijing Central Axis (北京中轴线) is a cultural treasure in centralBeijing. It is 7.8 kilometers long, running from the Bell and Drum Towers in the north 1 Yongdingmen Gate in the south. This axis connects many famous landmarks, such as the Forbidden City, Tian’anmen Square and the Temple of Heaven. 2 (it) design represents traditional Chinese ideas of balance (平衡和对称). You will certainly discover the great beauty of Chinese buildings 3 you walk along the axis. The axis has a long history. For centuries, people 4 (admire) the perfect design and rich cultural meaning. The government and related organizations work hard 5 (protect) it in order to keep this heritage (遗产) for future generations. 6 (final), it was added to the World Heritage List in 2024. Today, the axis connects China’s past, present and future. It helps us understand our 7 (value) cultural heritage. This makes its protection even 8 (important) than before. For visitors, it’s a journey through time, where ancient buildings meet modern life. In fact, it attracts 9 (million) of visitors every year. It has become a window into Chinese culture for 10 global audience. It’s not just the pride of the Chinese people, but also an international treasure. Passage 8 （25-26八年级上·广东深圳·期末）阅读下面的短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案写在答题卡规定的位置上。 For years, most people believed plants lived quiet, passive (被动的) lives. However, recent research 1 (reveal) a surprising truth: plants are constantly “talking” and interacting in ways we are just beginning to understand. A plant’s primary means of communication is chemical. When attacked by insects, many plants release 2 (chemical) into the air. This is not just a simple reaction; it’s a sophisticated warning system. Neighboring plants that detect these signals then start 3 (produce) their own defensive chemicals. Studies show a plant under threat can communicate 4 (effective) than we once imagined, triggering defenses in plants several meters away. In one key experiment, scientists designed some brilliant experiments 5 (prove) this phenomenon. They placed aphids (蚜虫) on a tomato plant and watched. Soon, nearby, untouched plants also began preparing 6 (them) for attack by raising their toxin levels. This showed the message was being received. The 7 (one) clear evidence came from this simple but clever test. 8 underground network formed by fungi (真菌) acts like the internet, connecting plant roots. Through this “Wood Wide Web,” plants can share nutrients and information. A strong, old tree might, for example, help a weak seedling by sending it sugars 9 this network. 10 this connection is cut, the seedling’s chances of survival drop greatly. This hidden conversation challenges us to look at the plant world with new respect. Plants are not just passive background objects; they are active participants in a complex, silent dialogue that sustains life on Earth. 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 When foreigners travel to China, they can find that restaurants usually 1 (service) them with hot water. They can also find that hot water seems 2 (use) for everything. Chinese people will probably drink it whenever they feel uncomfortable. Compared with people in most other 3 (country), Chinese people especially like to drink hot water. Do you know why? According to Traditional Chinese Medicine, drinking 4 glass of hot water in the morning helps start the digestive system (消化系统). Hot water, because of 5 (it) high temperature, is considered to help blood flow. That’s why traditional Chinese doctors always suggest people should drink more hot water. What’s more, people in the past 6 (drink) water from the river and the bacteria (细菌) could make them sick. So ancient Chinese people boiled water 7 (kill) bacteria in it. They considered it the easiest and most useful way to protect themselves 8 harmful bacteria. Besides, in the old days, it was difficult for people in the 9 (north) part of China to keep out the cold in winter. Drinking hot water was a good way to keep warm. However, it should be noted that, 10 hot water has many benefits, it is not advisable to drink water that is over 65C, as it may increase the risk of developing certain health problems. Passage 2 （2026·新疆乌鲁木齐·中考真题）阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的词或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。每空不超过两词。 Long, long ago, a kind man, Liu Bei, wanted to save his people and build a strong country. Someone told him a wise man 1 (call) Zhuge Liang could help to achieve his dream. So Liu Bei decided to visit him. Zhuge Liang lived in a cottage (茅屋). The first time Liu Bei went there, Zhuge Liang was away. A few 2 (day) later, he visited again. But Zhuge Liang was still not at home. His men felt 3 (tire) and wanted to give up. However, Liu Bei didn’t lose heart. He said he must 4 (visit) the wise man. 5 a cold snowy day, he paid another visit. This time, Zhuge Liang was sleeping at home. Liu Bei told his men to keep quiet 6 wait outside patiently. After a long wait, Zhuge Liang woke up. He was deeply 7 (move) by Liu Bei’s respect. He agreed to help 8 (he). They talked about ways 9 (make) the country better. From then on, Zhuge Liang gave Liu Bei many good 10 (suggestion). With his help, Liu Bei built his own country 11 (successful) in the end. Passage 3 （2026·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）阅读短文内容，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When we talk about the south and the north of China, the Qinling Mountains are always mentioned. When we read the map of China, the Qinling Mountains catch our eye 1 (easy). The Qinling Mountains are very important for China’s nature and culture. They are not the tallest 2 (mountain) in China, but they make a big difference between the south and the north. Research shows that the Qinling Mountains 3 (appear) hundreds of millions of years ago. Today, they are 4 (act) as a natural line between the north and the south. The mountains divide China into two parts. On the southern side, the weather is warm 5 wet; on the northern side, it is cold and dry. This 6 (create) two different climate zones (气候带). The plants and food are different. For the people in the south, rice is 7 (they) favourite food; in the north, people love noodles made from wheat. Boats are more common in the south, while horses are used more often in the north. These differences can also be 8 (see) in seasonal changes. In autumn, for example, leaves on the northern side change colour and fall, while the southern side remains green 9 a longer time. The Qinling Mountains are far more than a line on the map. They greatly shape the climate, culture and 10 (people) way of life in China. Without them, China would lose much of its diversity (多样性). Passage 4 2025·四川眉山·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Embroidery (刺绣) was often regarded as “women’s work” in the past. And it was not common for a boy 1   (learn) it. Therefore, Fu Jian’s parents didn’t want 2 (he) to work in this industry at first. But Fu didn’t care. He believed he could do it well. Fu was born into an embroidery family in Yangzhou. His mother is 3 master craftswoman (女工匠) of Suzhou embroidery. Fu fell in love with this beautiful art when he was four years old. In his last year of high school, Fu set his life goal 4 (clear). “Although many people know about this traditional art, I want to help them learn 5 (much) about it,” he said. After graduating from college, Fu and his mother built a research center of Suzhou embroidery. Since then, he 6 (invent) many new stitches (针法). He has also trained many 7 (worker). Fu spends a lot of time 8 his works. Even so, he enjoys it. “I often work late into midnight, 9 I never feel tired. I think that’s because I’m doing what I love,” said the 37-year-old. Most recently, the artist “created” a piece of bronze ware (青铜器皿) on cloth. What gave him the idea to create this work? “Many bronzes can only 10 (see) in museums. A work of embroidery, however, can be hung in one’s home or office. People can see it at any time,” said Fu. Passage 5 （2026·四川南充·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡相应的横线上。 In May, 2026, Lai Ka-ying, with her two teammates, took the Shenzhou ⅩⅩⅢ spacecraft to China’s Tiangong space station. She is the 1 (four) Chinese female (女性的) astronaut, and also the first one from Hong Kong to fly into space. Lai was born in November, 1982 and 2 (grow) up in Hong Kong. Before she became 3 astronaut, she worked for the Hong Kong Police Force. In August, 2024, she began 4 (she) 1,700-hour training at the Astronaut Center of China in Beijing. The process was difficult, 5 she kept in good condition and worked closely with her teammates. She worked hard to learn how to operate manned spacecraft 6 (correct). Finally, she completed more than 200 subjects with 7 (surprise) performance. In space, Lai will be responsible for different scientific tests and other 8 (duty). Thanks to long-term training and careful preparation, she is full 9 confidence to finish her tasks. Lai Ka-ying’s journey has encouraged many students in Hong Kong 10 (have) a big dream—whether they want to become scientists, engineers, or even astronauts. Her story shows that with hard work and love for the country, big dreams are within reach. Passage 6 （2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When it comes to Yuan Longping, we will think of him as the “Father of Hybrid Rice”. In fact, he is also good at reading, swimming and playing the violin. Yuan has a reading habit—reading aloud. In the first year of high school, there was 1 speech competition. Yuan took part in the competition. He chose a topic, wrote his speech and read it aloud in the morning. After that, he 2 (find) reading aloud was a good method. It could make his memory much better and he could have a 3 (deep) understanding of articles than before. Yuan is a good 4 (swim). When he was 8 years old, he and his family took a ship to Hunan. He fell from the ship. He 5 (save) by a boatman. This made him 6 (learn) to swim—he wanted to be able to save others just as the boatman had saved him. In a national swimming competition in Chengdu, Yuan finished 7 (four) in the race, while the top three entered China’s national swimming team 8 (successful). Yuan is also a good music lover. He learned to play the violin 9 a music teacher at college. He said, “Music is the warmth that has accompanied (陪伴) me throughout my life.” Yuan once said, “We should be good both in mind 10 body.” Not only did he finish great things, but he also had a unique soul (独特的灵魂). As middle school students, we should also find our own interests and life dreams like Yuan Longping. Passage 7 阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入适当内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案转写在答题卡上。 Qi Baishi is a world-famous art master in China. He was born in 1 poor family from Xiangtan, Hunan province. He was at school for less than a year because 2 illnesses. One day, he found a Chinese painting guide book—Jieziyuan Huapu. The book inspired his interests in painting 3 (picture). He decided 4 (learn) by himself and later became a master of art through his hard work. In 1902, he 5 (start) to travel around China. He visited famous places, met many people and saw different kinds of art pieces. These experiences helped him become one of the 6 (good) artists of all time. 7 (He) paintings are generally about the small things of the world, such as fish, shrimps (虾) and frogs. “Mouse and Cat with Lamp” is one of them. In the picture, a mouse is standing on the top of a long pole (杆子). Under the pole is a cat. They are so lively 8 it looks like they would jump out of the paper to fight. All the works 9 (create) by Qi Baishi in a fresh way, which expressed his love for nature and life. His talents and skills amazed the whole world a lot. He is 10 (real) a master of art and the pride of Xiangtan. Passage 8 （2025·山东济宁·中考真题）The Yingge dance, or “dance to heroes’ song”, is 1 folk show from southern China, especially popular in Guangdong. The dance is a mix of opera, drumming, and kung fu. It 2 (add) to China’s National Intangible Cultural Heritage List (非物质文化遗产目录) in 2006. The dance tells heroes’ stories and is often performed during 3 (tradition) Chinese festivals. The dancers wear colorful clothes and carry wooden sticks. They beat their sticks so skillfully that the sticks seem like part of their bodies. The performance 4 (bring) happiness to everyone. A Yingge team usually has 36 people. To prepare for a wonderful show, the team has to practice for at least six months. 5 it is tiring, a lot of young people are learning the dance out of love. Practicing Yingge helps people stay healthy and learn about local culture. “Now our club has 20 members. They 6 (learn) it since they were in primary school,” a dancer said. “It’s a good way 7 (celebrate) local culture and bring people together.” ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Look it up! 语法填空题型专练（话题：人与社会——百科知识） 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Online encyclopedias are like endless treasure boxes filled with 1 (know) on the Internet. Wherever you are, as long as you have a computer, tablet, or smartphone, you can open 2 (they) and explore a wide world of information. You can learn about the great leaders 3 history, the latest findings in science, the cultures of different 4 (country), and even the secrets of ancient civilizations. What makes online encyclopedias special is that they can be updated constantly. Unlike 5 (tradition) books, which need a long time to revise and publish new editions, information on online encyclopedias can change every day. For instance, when a new planet 6 (discover) in space or a popular movie is released, details about them 7 (appear) online soon. However, we must use online encyclopedias 8 (careful). Sometimes, people might write wrong information by accident, or some content may not be fully checked. So, if you use the information from online encyclopedias for homework or research, it’s important 9 (check) it with other trusted resources, like school books or government websites.​ All in all, online encyclopedias are 10 (amaze) tools. They help us learn quickly and satisfy our curiosity. With smart use, they will be our best friends on the learning journey. 【答案】 1．knowledge 2．them 3．in 4．countries 5．traditional 6．is discovered 7．will appear 8．carefully 9．to check 10．amazing 【导语】本文介绍了在线百科全书的特点和优势，强调了它们能快速更新信息，但同时提醒用户在使用时需谨慎核实内容的准确性。 1．句意：在线百科全书就像互联网上无尽的装满知识的宝盒。根据“filled with”可知，with是介词，后应接名词；know“知道”，其名词为knowledge“知识”，不可数。故填knowledge。 2．句意：无论你在哪里，只要你有一台电脑、平板电脑或智能手机，你就可以打开它们，探索广阔的信息世界。空前的open是动词，后接人称代词的宾格，they的宾格为them。故填them。 3．句意：你可以了解历史上的伟大领袖，科学上的最新发现，不同国家的文化，甚至是古代文明的秘密。此处指历史上的伟大领袖，in history表示“历史上”。故填in。 4．句意：你可以了解历史上的伟大领袖，科学上的最新发现，不同国家的文化，甚至是古代文明的秘密。根据空前的different可知，空处应是可数名词country的复数形式countries。故填countries。 5．句意：与需要很长时间修改和出版新版本的传统书籍不同，在线百科全书上的信息每天都在变化。修饰名词books应用形容词，tradition的形容词为traditional“传统的”。故填traditional。 6．句意：例如，当在太空中发现一颗新行星或一部受欢迎的电影上映时，有关它们的细节很快就会出现在网上。根据“ a new planet ... in space”可知，新行星是在太空中“被发现”，再根据“is released”可知，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语“a new planet”为单数，be动词用is。故填is discovered。 7．句意：例如，当在太空中发现一颗新行星或一部受欢迎的电影上映时，有关它们的细节很快就会出现在网上。根据“soon”可知，此处应用一般将来时，结构为will do。故填will appear。 8．句意：然而，我们必须谨慎地使用在线百科全书。修饰动词use，应用careful的副词carefully。故填carefully。 9．句意：所以，如果你使用在线百科全书的信息来做家庭作业或研究，重要的是要与其他可信的资源核对，比如学校书籍或政府网站。it is adj. to do sth.“做某事是……的”，空处应用不定式。故填to check。 10．句意：总而言之，在线百科全书是令人惊奇的工具。根据“online encyclopedias are ... tools.”可知，修饰物应用-ing结尾的形容词，amazing“令人惊奇的”符合语境。故填amazing。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 The Palace Museum is a famous place in Beijing, China. Lots of people 1 different countries visit it every year. Many people also call it “the Forbidden City” because long ago, only 2 (emperor) and their families lived there. People started 3 (build) the Palace Museum in 1406. Back then, many workers worked hard every day to build it. After 14 long years, they 4 (finish) it in 1420. The Palace Museum has many big 5 beautiful halls. The biggest hall is Taihe Dian. Its 6 (high) is about 35 meters. That’s like 11 tall trees standing together! It looks so great. When you want to visit, you need to buy tickets first. Don’t be 7 (care)! Keep your tickets in a safe place—If you lose 8 (they), you won’t get in. Inside, you can see old and pretty things, like colorful vases and golden chairs. You can also buy nice postcards there. 9 postcards have pictures of the Palace Museum’s red walls and yellow roofs. They are perfect to send to your friends. Sometimes, there are 10 (create) activities for kids, like drawing the palace’s nice views with crayons. I love the Palace Museum. It is fun and full of interesting stories. If you go to Beijing, you can visit it too! 【答案】 1．from 2．emperors 3．building 4．finished 5．and 6．height 7．careless 8．them 9．The 10．creative 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了北京故宫，讲述故宫别称、建造历史、宏伟建筑特色，同时介绍游览须知、文创明信片与面向儿童的创意活动，表达作者对故宫的喜爱。 【详解】 1．句意：每年，来自不同国家的许多人前来参观。该处需介词；介词from表示“来自”，from different countries作后置定语修饰people。 2．句意：很多人也称它为“紫禁城”，因为很久以前，只有皇帝及其家人居住在这里。该处需名词复数；and连接并列名词families，因此emperor使用复数形式。结合提示词emperor可知填emperors。 3．句意：人们于1406年开始修建故宫。该处需动名词；固定搭配start doing sth.“开始做某事”。结合提示词build可知填building。 4．句意：漫长的14年后，人们在1420年完工。该处需动词过去式作谓语；时间状语“in 1420”为过去时间，时态选用一般过去时，finish过去式为finished。 5．句意：故宫拥有许多又大又美丽的大殿。该处需并列连词；big与beautiful为并列形容词，选用and连接。 6．句意：它的高度大约35米。形容词性物主代词Its后接名词，形容词high转换名词height，表示“高度”。 7．句意：不要粗心！该处需形容词作表语，后句“Keep your tickets in a safe place”表明不能粗心；固定搭配“be+形容词”，care转换形容词careless“粗心的”。 8．句意：如果你弄丢它们，就无法进入。该处需人称代词宾格作动词lose的宾语；主格they转换宾格them。 9．句意：这些明信片印有故宫红墙黄瓦的图案。此处特指上文提到的postcards，选用定冠词The，句首首字母大写。 10．句意：有时候，这里会开展面向孩子的创意活动，像用蜡笔画宫殿的美丽景色。该处需形容词修饰名词activities；动词create转换形容词creative，表示“有创意的”。 Passage 3 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Da Vinci, Leonardo Leonardo da Vinci was an Italian painter, inventor, musician, engineer and 1 (science). Da Vinci was 2 (extreme) intelligent, and he was unusually talented in many different fields. He was a true genius, and his paintings and inventions changed the way we think about art and science. Leonardo da Vinci was born in the countryside in Italy. From an early age, he 3 (show) great intelligence and artistic talent. As he grew older, he learnt to do many different things. His 4 (paint) are very famous, and one,the Mona Lisa, is perhaps the most famous painting in the world. He also had many inventions. For example, his notebooks include some 5 (interest) drawings of flying machines and other vehicles. Dinosaurs Dinosaurs are 1 type of prehistoric animal. They are 2 (relate) to crocodiles, snakes and lizards. They are also the ancestors of today’s birds. Dinosaurs first appeared around 245 million years ago. The word “dinosaur” comes from two Greek words, and it means “terrible lizard”. Dinosaurs lived on land and walked on either two 3 four legs. Many dinosaurs ate plants, but some ate meat. Dinosaurs came in different sizes. Some were as small as chickens, and others were as big as ten elephants. Dinosaurs ruled the Earth for more than 180 million years. About 66 million years ago, dinosaurs suddenly died 4 . Scientists are not completely sure why. However, they are learning more and more about dinosaurs by 5 (study) their fossils. 【答案】 1．scientist 2．extremely 3．showed 4．paintings 5．interesting 6．a 7．related 8．or 9．out 10．studying 【导语】本文主要介绍了一本百科全书的两篇文章，一篇是关于莱昂纳多·达·芬奇，另一篇是关于恐龙的。 【详解】 1．句意：莱昂纳多·达·芬奇是意大利画家、发明家、音乐家、工程师和科学家。根据“painter, inventor, musician, engineer and…”可知，画家、发明家、音乐家、工程师这些都是职业，“科学家”是scientist，是名词。故填scientist。 2．句意：达·芬奇是极其聪明的，他在许多不同的领域都有非凡的才能。此处需要填入一个副词，修饰形容词intelligent，extreme的副词是extremely。故填extremely。 3．句意：从很小的时候，他就表现出了巨大的智慧和艺术才能。根据“From an early age”可知，本句的时态是一般过去时，动词需用过去式。show的过去式是showed。故填showed。 4．句意：他的画非常有名，其中一幅《蒙娜丽莎》可能是世界上最著名的画。根据“the Mona Lisa”可知，《蒙娜丽莎》是作品。本句表达的应是：他的画非常有名。“画、作品”可译为painting，是可数名词，此处需用名词的复数paintings。故填paintings。 5．句意：例如，他的笔记本上有一些有趣的飞行器图。根据“his notebooks include some…(interest) drawings of flying machines”可知，此处缺形容词，并且它是修饰物“drawings”，需用形容词“令人感兴趣的”interesting。故填interesting。 6．句意：恐龙是一种史前动物。“a type of”表示“一种”，这里是说恐龙是一种史前动物，故填a。 7．句意：恐龙和恐龙与鳄鱼、蛇和蜥蜴属于同一物种。“be related to”是固定搭配，表示“与……属于同一种类”，这里是说恐龙与鳄鱼、蛇和蜥蜴属于同一物种，故填related。 8．句意：恐龙在陆地上行走，要么用两条腿要么用四条腿“either...or...”是固定搭配，表示“要么……要么……；或者……或者……”，故填or。 9．句意：大约6600万年前恐龙突然灭绝了。“die out”表示“灭绝”，故填out。 10．然而，他们正在通过研究他们的化石来了解更多关于恐龙的知识。“by”是介词，后接动词的-ing形式，故填studying。 Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 World Hello Day is celebrated on November 21st every year. It 1 (begin) in 1973 because of the fight between Israel and Egypt. Since then, about 180 countries have taken part 2 it. People celebrate the day 3 (simple) by saying hello to and greeting at least 10 people they meet! Of course, they can be family members and friends, 4 it is better if you are brave enough to say “Hello” to 5 (strange) on the street. Many winners of the Nobel Peace Prize are among the people who have realized World Hello Day’s value as a way for keeping peace and as an occasion that makes 6 possible for anyone in the world to contribute to world peace. “World Hello Day aims at developing peace and 7 (clear) up barriers (障碍) between every nation. People around the world use the occasion of World Hello Day as a chance 8 (express) their strong wishes for world peace,” the organizer said. “We can only achieve a 9 (peace) world if we join together. The key is communication.” As long as everyone learns to communicate through talking instead of being violent to each other, our world 10 (be) a better place to live in. 【答案】 1．began 2．in 3．simply 4．but 5．strangers 6．it 7．clearing 8．to express 9．peaceful 10．will be 【导语】本文介绍了世界问候日的起源、庆祝方式及其促进世界和平的意义。 【详解】 1．句意：它始于1973年，源于以色列和埃及之间的战争。根据时间状语in 1973可知，句子应用一般过去时，begin的过去式为began。故填began。 2．句意：从那时起，约有180个国家参与了这一活动。take part in“参加”，固定搭配。故填in。 3．句意：人们通过向至少10个他们遇到的人打招呼和问候来简单地庆祝这一天。修饰动词celebrate，应用simple的副词形式simply“简单地”。故填simply。 4．句意：当然，他们可以是家人和朋友，但如果你足够勇敢地向街上的陌生人说“你好”，那就更好了。前后句为转折关系，应用连词but。故填but。 5．句意：当然，他们可以是家人和朋友，但如果你足够勇敢地向街上的陌生人说“你好”，那就更好了。stranger“陌生人”，为可数名词，此处应用复数形式strangers泛指“陌生人”。故填strangers。 6．句意：许多诺贝尔和平奖得主都认识到，世界问候日作为维护和平的一种方式，以及作为一个让世界上任何一个人都有可能为世界和平做出贡献的场合，其价值所在。make it possible for sb. to do sth.“使某人做某事成为可能”，固定搭配，it为形式宾语。故填it。 7．句意：世界问候日旨在发展和平，消除各国之间的障碍。and连接并列成分，与developing并列，应用clear的动名词形式clearing“清除”。故填clearing。 8．句意：世界各地的人们利用世界问候日这个契机来表达他们对世界和平的强烈愿望。a chance to do sth.“做某事的机会”，不定式作后置定语。故填to express。 9．句意：只有我们团结起来，才能实现一个和平的世界。修饰名词world，应用peace的形容词形式peaceful“和平的”。故填peaceful。 10．句意：只要每个人都学会通过对话而不是暴力相向来沟通，我们的世界将成为一个更美好的居住地。if/unless等引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，主句应用一般将来时，be的将来式为will be。故填will be。 Passage 5 根据短文内容，用所给单词的适当形式填空，未提供单词的根据上下文填入适当的词。 Lang Lang was born on June 14, 1982 in Shenyang, Liaoning Province. He is one of the most famous 1 (music) in the world. He is popular because of his intelligence and love for music. When Lang Lang was two and a half years old, he liked a famous cartoon, Tom and Jerry. One day, he watched Tom playing the piano on TV, and then he became interested in it. From then on, he enjoyed 2 (play) his father’s old piano. Soon he could play a short tune (曲子) by 3 (he). His father was really 4 (surprise) and began to let him take piano lessons. When he was three, Lang Lang learned the piano 5 Zhu Yafen, a famous music teacher. Two years later, he took part in 6 competition for the first time and won first prize. After that, he 7 (give) the first concert of his life. In his 8 (twenty), Mr. Obama invited him to play the piano at the White House. Lang Lang played the song My Motherland. When the concert was over, he said to the reporter, “I chose this song 9 I love China.” Now, lots of people love his beautiful music. He is really a born artist! We are all proud of him. More importantly, Lang Lang encourages millions of young people 10 (learn) classical music (古典音乐)! 【答案】 1．musicians 2．playing 3．himself 4．surprised 5．from 6．a 7．gave 8．twenties 9．because 10．to learn 【导语】本文主要介绍了朗朗的情况。 【详解】 1．句意：他是世界上最著名的音乐家之一。根据“He is one of the most famous”可知，此处是one of the+最高级+复数名词“最……之一”，是固定结构，故填musicians。 2．句意：从那时起，他就喜欢弹他父亲的旧钢琴。enjoy doing sth“喜欢做某事”，是固定短语，故填playing。 3．句意：不久，他就能自己弹一支短曲子了。根据“Soon he could play a short tune (曲子) by”可知，此处是短语by oneself“独自地”，故填himself。 4．句意：他的父亲非常惊讶，开始让他上钢琴课。空处作表语，应用形容词，修饰人用ed形容词，故填surprised。 5．句意：三岁时，郎朗师从著名音乐老师朱亚芬学习钢琴。learn from“向……学习”，是固定短语，故填from。 6．句意：两年后，他第一次参加比赛并获得了一等奖。空处修饰单数名词“competition”，表示泛指用不定冠词，辅音音素开头的单词用a修饰，故填a。 7．句意：在那之后，他举办了有生以来的第一场音乐会。介绍过去的事情，动词用过去式，故填gave。 8．句意：20多岁时，奥巴马邀请他在白宫弹钢琴。此处是结构“in one’s+基数词的复数形式”，表示不确定年龄，故填twenties。 9．句意：我选择这首歌是因为我爱中国。空格前后是因果关系，后句是原因，应用because引导原因状语从句，故填because。 10．句意：更重要的是，郎朗鼓励数百万年轻人学习古典音乐！encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”，是固定短语，故填to learn。 Passage 6 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡规定的位置上。 Do you know about Confucius? Confucius is 1 (great) teacher in Chinese history. His birthday was on September 28. Although he 2 (live) over 2,000 years ago, people still remember and respect him for his contribution to the education today. Confucius lived in the Kingdom of Lu in Shandong Province. He lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. He had 3 hard childhood. His father died when he was only 3. His mother brought him up. As a child, he had to work 4 (help) his mother, but young Confucius didn’t give up 5 (study). He visited many famous teachers and learnt music, history, poetry and sports. Later, he became a teacher and started the 6 (one) public school in Chinese history. At that time, only children from noble (贵族的) families could go to school, but Confucius believed everyone should go to school 7 they wanted to learn. He had about 3,000 8 (student) in his life. Today, people still follow Confucius’ lessons. He told us that we all have something worthy to be learnt. “When I am with three people, one of them must be better 9 me in some areas. I choose their good qualities and follow them.” He also taught 10 (we) that thinking is very important in study. “All study but no thinking makes people puzzled. All thinking but no study makes people lazy.” 【答案】 1．the greatest 2．lived 3．a 4．to help 5．studying 6．first 7．if 8．students 9．than 10．us 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了我国古代伟大的教育家孔子。 【详解】 1．句意：孔子是中国历史上最伟大的老师。根据空格后比较范围“in Chinese history”可知使用最高级，形容词最高级前用the，great的最高级是greatest。故填the greatest。 2．句意：尽管他生活在2000多年前，但人们仍然记得并尊重他对当今教育的贡献。根据时间状语“over 2,000 years ago”可知此句时态为一般过去时，live“生活，居住”的过去式是lived。故填lived。 3．句意：他有一个艰苦的童年。根据“hard”是辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a，have a hard childhood“童年生活很艰苦”，故填a。 4．句意：小时候，他不得不工作来帮助母亲，但年轻的孔子并没有放弃学习。此句谓语是“had to work”，后面再跟动词一般使用动词不定式，此句是动词不定式作目的状语。故填to help。 5．句意：小时候，他不得不工作来帮助母亲，但年轻的孔子并没有放弃学习。give up doing sth.“放弃做某事”，give up“放弃，认输”，及物动词，后面跟动名词作宾语，study“学习”，动名词是studying。故填studying。 6．句意：后来，他成为一名教师，开办了中国历史上第一所公立学校。此空格处表示顺序，应用序数词，one的序数词是first，故填first。 7．句意：当时，只有贵族家庭的孩子才能上学，但孔子认为每个人都应该上学，如果他们想学习。根据“… everyone should go to school…they wanted to learn.”可知，前句是在后句的条件下出现的结果，后句表示条件，应用if引导此条件状语从句。故填if。 8．句意：他一生中有大约3000名学生。根据空格前数词“about 3,000”可知，空格处用名词复数。故填students。 9．句意：当我和三个人在一起时，其中一个人在某些方面一定比我强。根据比较级“better”和空格后比较对象“me”可知用介词than。故填than。 10．句意：他还告诉我们，思考在学习中非常重要。空格处作宾语，应用人称代词宾格，we“我们”，宾格形式是us。故填us。 Passage 7 （25-26八年级上·广东深圳·期末）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式, 并将答案写在答题卡相应位置。 The Beijing Central Axis (北京中轴线) is a cultural treasure in centralBeijing. It is 7.8 kilometers long, running from the Bell and Drum Towers in the north 1 Yongdingmen Gate in the south. This axis connects many famous landmarks, such as the Forbidden City, Tian’anmen Square and the Temple of Heaven. 2 (it) design represents traditional Chinese ideas of balance (平衡和对称). You will certainly discover the great beauty of Chinese buildings 3 you walk along the axis. The axis has a long history. For centuries, people 4 (admire) the perfect design and rich cultural meaning. The government and related organizations work hard 5 (protect) it in order to keep this heritage (遗产) for future generations. 6 (final), it was added to the World Heritage List in 2024. Today, the axis connects China’s past, present and future. It helps us understand our 7 (value) cultural heritage. This makes its protection even 8 (important) than before. For visitors, it’s a journey through time, where ancient buildings meet modern life. In fact, it attracts 9 (million) of visitors every year. It has become a window into Chinese culture for 10 global audience. It’s not just the pride of the Chinese people, but also an international treasure. 【答案】 1．to 2．Its 3．if/when/as 4．have admired 5．to protect 6．Finally 7．valuable 8．more important 9．millions 10．a 【导语】本文介绍了北京中轴线的长度、途经地标、历史意义、保护情况及当代价值，说明它是中国乃至世界的文化瑰宝。 1．句意：它全长7.8公里，北起钟鼓楼，南至永定门。根据“It is 7.8 kilometers long, running from the Bell and Drum Towers in the north…Yongdingmen Gate in the south.”可知，此处考查固定搭配from...to...，表示“从……到……”。故填to。 2．句意：它的设计体现了中国传统的平衡与对称理念。根据“…design represents traditional Chinese ideas of balance.”可知，修饰名词design要用形容词性物主代词，it的形容词性物主代词是Its，句首首字母大写。故填Its。 3．句意：如果你/当你沿着中轴线行走，一定会发现中国建筑的巨大之美。根据“You will certainly discover the great beauty of Chinese buildings…you walk along the axis.”可知，此处需要连词引导状语从句，if (如果)、when (当……时)、as (当……时) 均符合语境。故填if/when/as。 4．句意：几个世纪以来，人们一直赞叹它完美的设计和丰富的文化内涵。根据“For centuries, people…the perfect design and rich cultural meaning.”可知，For centuries是现在完成时的标志词，主语people是复数，谓语动词用have admired。故填have admired。 5．句意：政府及相关机构努力保护它，以便为后代保留这份遗产。根据“The government and related organizations work hard…it.”可知，考查work hard to do sth.，表示“努力做某事”。故填to protect。 6．句意：最终，它于2024年被列入世界遗产名录。根据“…, it was added to the World Heritage List in 2024.”可知，此处需要副词修饰整个句子，final的副词是Finally，句首首字母大写。故填Finally。 7．句意：它帮助我们了解我们宝贵的文化遗产。根据“It helps us understand our…cultural heritage.”可知，修饰名词cultural heritage要用形容词，value的形容词是valuable。故填valuable。 8．句意：这使得对它的保护比以往更加重要。根据“This makes its protection even…than before.”可知，句中有than，要用形容词比较级，important的比较级是more important。故填more important。 9．句意：事实上，它每年吸引数百万游客。根据“In fact, it attracts…of visitors every year.”可知，考查固定搭配millions of，表示“数百万的”。故填millions。 10．句意：它已成为面向全球观众展示中国文化的窗口。根据“It has become a window into Chinese culture for…global audience.”可知，此处表泛指“全体全球受众”，要用不定冠词a。故填a。 Passage 8 （25-26八年级上·广东深圳·期末）阅读下面的短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案写在答题卡规定的位置上。 For years, most people believed plants lived quiet, passive (被动的) lives. However, recent research 1 (reveal) a surprising truth: plants are constantly “talking” and interacting in ways we are just beginning to understand. A plant’s primary means of communication is chemical. When attacked by insects, many plants release 2 (chemical) into the air. This is not just a simple reaction; it’s a sophisticated warning system. Neighboring plants that detect these signals then start 3 (produce) their own defensive chemicals. Studies show a plant under threat can communicate 4 (effective) than we once imagined, triggering defenses in plants several meters away. In one key experiment, scientists designed some brilliant experiments 5 (prove) this phenomenon. They placed aphids (蚜虫) on a tomato plant and watched. Soon, nearby, untouched plants also began preparing 6 (them) for attack by raising their toxin levels. This showed the message was being received. The 7 (one) clear evidence came from this simple but clever test. 8 underground network formed by fungi (真菌) acts like the internet, connecting plant roots. Through this “Wood Wide Web,” plants can share nutrients and information. A strong, old tree might, for example, help a weak seedling by sending it sugars 9 this network. 10 this connection is cut, the seedling’s chances of survival drop greatly. This hidden conversation challenges us to look at the plant world with new respect. Plants are not just passive background objects; they are active participants in a complex, silent dialogue that sustains life on Earth. 【答案】 1．has revealed 2．chemicals 3．producing 4．more effectively 5．to prove 6．themselves 7．first 8．An 9．through 10．If/When 【导语】本文通过最新研究揭示了植物并非被动生存的生物，它们能通过化学信号释放警告、与邻近植物互动，还能借助真菌形成的地下 “植物互联网” 共享养分与信息。这一发现挑战了人们对植物的传统认知，展现了植物在生态系统中积极交流、维系生命的复杂机制。 【详解】 1．句意：然而，近期研究揭示了一个惊人的真相：植物一直在以我们才刚刚开始理解的方式“交谈”和互动。根据“recent research...a surprising truth”可知，研究是在过去某个时间开始的，但其揭示的结果对现在的认知产生了持续影响，所以时态为现在完成时，主语是research，助动词用has，reveal的过去分词是revealed。故填has revealed。 2．句意：当被昆虫攻击时，许多植物会向空气中释放化学物质。根据“many plants release...”可知，此处应填名词作宾语，chemical“化学物质”，是可数名词，植物释放的化学物质不止一种，因此用复数形式。故填chemicals。 3．句意：检测到这些信号的邻近植物随后会开始产生自己的防御性化学物质。“start doing sth”表示“开始做某事”，produce的动名词形式是producing。 4．句意：研究表明，受威胁的植物能比我们想象的更有效地交流，触发数米外植物的防御反应。根据“communicate...than”可知，此处需用副词比较级，effective的副词形式是effectively，effectively的比较级形式是more effectively。故填more effectively。 5．句意：在一项关键实验中，科学家设计了一些精妙的实验来证明这一现象。根据“ scientists designed some brilliant experiments...this phenomenon.”可知，设计实验是为了证明这一现象，所以填动词不定式。故填to prove。 6．句意：很快，附近未受影响的植物也开始通过提高毒素水平使自己为攻击做准备。根据“untouched plants also began preparing...for attack by raising their toxin levels”可知，此处是“prepare oneself for sth”，表示“为自己准备某事”，them的反身代词是themselves。故填themselves。 7．句意：第一个清晰的证据就来自这个简单却巧妙的实验。根据“The...clear evidence came from this simple but clever test.”可知，此处需表达“第一个清晰的证据”，用序数词first修饰evidence。故填first。 8．句意：由真菌构成的地下网络就像互联网一样，将植物的根部连接起来。根据“underground network formed by fungi (真菌) acts like the internet,”可知，此处表泛指，且underground以元音音素开头，句首首字母要大写，因此用不定冠词An。故填An。 9．句意：例如，一棵强壮的老树可能会通过这个网络向弱小的幼苗输送糖分来帮助它。根据“by sending it sugars...this network”可知，此处指通过这个网络输送糖分，应填through。故填through。 10．句意：如果/当这种连接被切断，幼苗的存活率会大幅下降。根据“...this connection is cut, the seedling’s chances of survival drop greatly.”可知，此处可填if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果这种连接被切断”；也可填when引导时间状语从句，意为“当这种连接被切断”。句首首字母要大写。故填If/When。 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 When foreigners travel to China, they can find that restaurants usually 1 (service) them with hot water. They can also find that hot water seems 2 (use) for everything. Chinese people will probably drink it whenever they feel uncomfortable. Compared with people in most other 3 (country), Chinese people especially like to drink hot water. Do you know why? According to Traditional Chinese Medicine, drinking 4 glass of hot water in the morning helps start the digestive system (消化系统). Hot water, because of 5 (it) high temperature, is considered to help blood flow. That’s why traditional Chinese doctors always suggest people should drink more hot water. What’s more, people in the past 6 (drink) water from the river and the bacteria (细菌) could make them sick. So ancient Chinese people boiled water 7 (kill) bacteria in it. They considered it the easiest and most useful way to protect themselves 8 harmful bacteria. Besides, in the old days, it was difficult for people in the 9 (north) part of China to keep out the cold in winter. Drinking hot water was a good way to keep warm. However, it should be noted that, 10 hot water has many benefits, it is not advisable to drink water that is over 65C, as it may increase the risk of developing certain health problems. 【答案】 1．serve 2．useful 3．countries 4．a 5．its 6．drank 7．to kill 8．from 9．northern 10．although/though 【导语】本文介绍了中国人喜欢喝热水的原因。 【详解】 1．句意：当外国人来中国旅游时，他们会发现餐馆通常为他们提供热水。此处作谓语，主语restaurants为复数，且句子为一般现在时，故填动词原形serve。 2．句意：他们也会发现热水似乎对一切都有用。“seem+形容词”为固定用法，故填use的形容词形式useful。 3．句意：与大多数其他国家的人相比，中国人尤其喜欢喝热水“most other+可数名词复数”，故填country的复数形式countries。 4．句意：根据中医理论，早上喝一杯热水有助于启动消化系统。“a glass of”为固定搭配，意为“一杯”，故填a。 5．句意：热水因其高温，被认为有助于血液流动。此处修饰名词temperature，需用形容词性物主代词，故填it的形容词性物主代词its。 6．句意：此外，过去人们喝河里的水，细菌会让他们生病。根据“in the past”可知，句子为一般过去时，故填drink的过去式drank。 7．句意：所以古代中国人把水烧开以杀死里面的细菌。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to kill。 8．句意：他们认为这是保护自己免受有害细菌侵害的最简单、最有用的方法。“protect…from…”为固定搭配，意为“保护……免受……”，故填from。 9．句意：此外，在过去，中国北方的人们很难在冬天抵御寒冷。此处修饰名词part，需用形容词，故填north的形容词形式northern。 10．句意：然而，需要注意的是，尽管热水有很多好处，但不建议饮用超过65℃的水，因为这可能会增加患上某些健康问题的风险。根据“hot water has many benefits, it is not advisable to drink water that is over 65C, as it may increase the risk of developing certain health problems.”可知前后句为转折关系，故填although/though。 Passage 2 （2026·新疆乌鲁木齐·中考真题）阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的词或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。每空不超过两词。 Long, long ago, a kind man, Liu Bei, wanted to save his people and build a strong country. Someone told him a wise man 1 (call) Zhuge Liang could help to achieve his dream. So Liu Bei decided to visit him. Zhuge Liang lived in a cottage (茅屋). The first time Liu Bei went there, Zhuge Liang was away. A few 2 (day) later, he visited again. But Zhuge Liang was still not at home. His men felt 3 (tire) and wanted to give up. However, Liu Bei didn’t lose heart. He said he must 4 (visit) the wise man. 5 a cold snowy day, he paid another visit. This time, Zhuge Liang was sleeping at home. Liu Bei told his men to keep quiet 6 wait outside patiently. After a long wait, Zhuge Liang woke up. He was deeply 7 (move) by Liu Bei’s respect. He agreed to help 8 (he). They talked about ways 9 (make) the country better. From then on, Zhuge Liang gave Liu Bei many good 10 (suggestion). With his help, Liu Bei built his own country 11 (successful) in the end. 【答案】 1．called 2．days 3．tired 4．visit 5．On 6．and 7．moved 8．him 9．to make 10．suggestions 11．successfully 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了刘备三顾茅庐请诸葛亮出山辅佐自己的故事，体现了刘备的诚心与诸葛亮的智慧。 【详解】 1．句意：有人告诉他，一位名叫诸葛亮的智者可以帮助他实现梦想。此处需用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰man，且man与call之间为被动关系，应用过去分词。call的过去分词是called。 2．句意：几天后，他再次拜访。根据“A few”可知，此处需填可数名词的复数形式。day的复数是days。 3．句意：他的手下感到疲倦，想要放弃。根据“felt”可知，此处需填形容词作表语描述人的感受，tire的形容词形式tired表示“疲倦的”，符合语境。 4．句意：他说他必须拜访这位智者。根据情态动词“must”可知，其后需接动词原形。 5．句意：在一个寒冷的下雪天，他再次登门拜访。a cold snowy day是具体某一天，此处应用介词on，句首首字母要大写。 6．句意：刘备告诉他的手下保持安静并在外面耐心等待。keep quiet和wait outside patiently两者为并列关系，应用并列连词and连接。 7．句意：他被刘备的敬重深深打动。主语He与动词move之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，空格处应填move的过去分词moved。 8．句意：他同意帮助他。help是动词，后接人称代词的宾格形式作宾语。he的宾格是him。 9．句意：他们讨论了使国家变得更好的方法。ways to do sth.表示“做某事的方法”，应用动词不定式to make作后置定语。 10．句意：从那时起，诸葛亮给了刘备许多好的建议。根据“many”可知，其后需填可数名词的复数形式。suggestion的复数是suggestions。 11．句意：在他的帮助下，刘备最终成功地建立了自己的国家。此处需修饰动词built，应用副词形式。successful的副词是successfully。 Passage 3 （2026·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）阅读短文内容，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When we talk about the south and the north of China, the Qinling Mountains are always mentioned. When we read the map of China, the Qinling Mountains catch our eye 1 (easy). The Qinling Mountains are very important for China’s nature and culture. They are not the tallest 2 (mountain) in China, but they make a big difference between the south and the north. Research shows that the Qinling Mountains 3 (appear) hundreds of millions of years ago. Today, they are 4 (act) as a natural line between the north and the south. The mountains divide China into two parts. On the southern side, the weather is warm 5 wet; on the northern side, it is cold and dry. This 6 (create) two different climate zones (气候带). The plants and food are different. For the people in the south, rice is 7 (they) favourite food; in the north, people love noodles made from wheat. Boats are more common in the south, while horses are used more often in the north. These differences can also be 8 (see) in seasonal changes. In autumn, for example, leaves on the northern side change colour and fall, while the southern side remains green 9 a longer time. The Qinling Mountains are far more than a line on the map. They greatly shape the climate, culture and 10 (people) way of life in China. Without them, China would lose much of its diversity (多样性). 【答案】 1．easily 2．mountains 3．appeared 4．acting 5．and 6．creates 7．their 8．seen 9．for 10．people’s 【导语】本文主要介绍了秦岭山脉在中国南北分界中的重要作用，阐述其对气候、农业和生活方式的影响。 【详解】 1．句意：当我们看中国地图时，秦岭很容易吸引我们的目光。修饰动词短语“catch our eye”需用副词，easy的副词形式为easily，意为“容易地”。 2．句意：它们不是中国最高的山，但它们在南北之间造成了巨大的差异。句首主语“They”指代的是前文的“The Qinling Mountains”（秦岭山脉），本身就是复数。前后保持一致，也用复数形式mountains，泛指“山峰/山脉”。 3．句意：研究表明，秦岭出现在数亿年前。“millions of years ago”提示此处句子描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，appear的过去式为appeared。 4．句意：如今，它们作为南北之间的自然分界线。“act as”为固定短语，意为“充当、作为”，此处用现在进行时表示当前状态，be动词are已给出，故填现在分词acting。 5．句意：在南侧，天气温暖湿润；在北侧，天气寒冷干燥。连接两个并列的形容词“warm”和“wet”，用and。 6．句意：这创造了两个不同的气候带。描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语“This”为第三人称单数，谓语动词用单三形式，故填creates。 7．句意：对于南方人来说，米饭是他们最喜欢的食物；在北方，人们喜欢用小麦做的面条。修饰名词“food”需用形容词性物主代词，they的形容词性物主代词为their。 8．句意：这些差异也可以在季节变化中看到。主语“These differences”（这些差异）与动词“see”（看见）之间为被动关系，因此为被动语态，情态动词can后应接“be+过去分词”，故填seen。 9．句意：例如，在秋天，北侧的树叶变色并落下，而南侧在更长的时间内保持绿色。“for + 时间段”是英语中表示“持续多长时间”的常用结构。此处“for a longer time”意为“在更长的一段时间内”，与南侧绿色保持的状态相搭配。 10．句意：它们深刻地塑造了中国的气候、文化和人民的生活方式。修饰名词短语“way of life”需用名词所有格，people的所有格为people’s。 Passage 4 2025·四川眉山·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Embroidery (刺绣) was often regarded as “women’s work” in the past. And it was not common for a boy 1   (learn) it. Therefore, Fu Jian’s parents didn’t want 2 (he) to work in this industry at first. But Fu didn’t care. He believed he could do it well. Fu was born into an embroidery family in Yangzhou. His mother is 3 master craftswoman (女工匠) of Suzhou embroidery. Fu fell in love with this beautiful art when he was four years old. In his last year of high school, Fu set his life goal 4 (clear). “Although many people know about this traditional art, I want to help them learn 5 (much) about it,” he said. After graduating from college, Fu and his mother built a research center of Suzhou embroidery. Since then, he 6 (invent) many new stitches (针法). He has also trained many 7 (worker). Fu spends a lot of time 8 his works. Even so, he enjoys it. “I often work late into midnight, 9 I never feel tired. I think that’s because I’m doing what I love,” said the 37-year-old. Most recently, the artist “created” a piece of bronze ware (青铜器皿) on cloth. What gave him the idea to create this work? “Many bronzes can only 10 (see) in museums. A work of embroidery, however, can be hung in one’s home or office. People can see it at any time,” said Fu. 【答案】 1．to learn 2．him 3．a 4．clearly 5．more 6．has invented 7．workers 8．on 9．but 10．be seen 【导语】本文讲述了付健对刺绣的热爱和自身的努力，他发明了许多新针法，培训了许多刺绣工人。 【详解】 1．句意：男孩学习刺绣并不常见。it is adj. to do sth“做某事……”，动词不定式作真正的主语，故填to learn。 2．句意：因此傅坚的父母起初不想让他从事这个行业。动词后用人称宾格，故填him。 3．句意：母亲是苏州刺绣的女工匠大师。根据“master craftswoman”可知，不定冠词表示泛指，master是辅音音素，a符合句意，故填a。 4．句意：高中最后一年，傅明确了自己的人生目标。根据“set his life goal”可知，副词修饰动词，clearly符合句意，故填clearly。 5．句意：虽然很多人知道这门传统艺术，但我想帮助他们更深入了解它。根据“help them learn”可知，了解更多，需要比较级，more符合句意，故填more。 6．句意：此后他发明了许多新针法，还培养了许多工人。根据“Since then”可知，时态是现在完成时，主语是单数，has invented符合句意，故填has invented。 7．句意：他还培养了许多工人。根据“many”可知，后接名词复数，workers符合句意，故填workers。 8．句意：傅在作品上花费大量时间。spend time on sth.“在……花了时间”，固定搭配。故填on。 9．句意：我经常工作到深夜，但从不觉疲惫。前后两句是转折关系，but符合句意，故填but。 10．句意：许多青铜器只能在博物馆看到。根据“Many bronzes can only”可知，主语与see是被动关系，情态动词后接动词原形，be seen符合句意，故填be seen。 Passage 5 （2026·四川南充·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡相应的横线上。 In May, 2026, Lai Ka-ying, with her two teammates, took the Shenzhou ⅩⅩⅢ spacecraft to China’s Tiangong space station. She is the 1 (four) Chinese female (女性的) astronaut, and also the first one from Hong Kong to fly into space. Lai was born in November, 1982 and 2 (grow) up in Hong Kong. Before she became 3 astronaut, she worked for the Hong Kong Police Force. In August, 2024, she began 4 (she) 1,700-hour training at the Astronaut Center of China in Beijing. The process was difficult, 5 she kept in good condition and worked closely with her teammates. She worked hard to learn how to operate manned spacecraft 6 (correct). Finally, she completed more than 200 subjects with 7 (surprise) performance. In space, Lai will be responsible for different scientific tests and other 8 (duty). Thanks to long-term training and careful preparation, she is full 9 confidence to finish her tasks. Lai Ka-ying’s journey has encouraged many students in Hong Kong 10 (have) a big dream—whether they want to become scientists, engineers, or even astronauts. Her story shows that with hard work and love for the country, big dreams are within reach. 【答案】 1．fourth 2．grew 3．an 4．her 5．but 6．correctly 7．surprising 8．duties 9．of 10．to have 【导语】本文主要讲述中国香港首位女航天员黎家盈的成长经历、艰苦的训练过程，以及她的故事对香港学生的激励作用。 【详解】 1．句意：她是第四位中国女性航天员，也是第一位飞入太空的香港人。空前有定冠词“the”，表示“第四位”，应用序数词，four的序数词形式为fourth。 2．句意：黎出生于1982年11月，在香港长大。and连接两个并列谓语，时态保持一致，由“was born”可知，用一般过去时，grow的过去式为grew。 3．句意：在成为一名航天员之前，她在香港警务处工作。此处泛指“一名航天员”，且astronaut以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。 4．句意：2024年8月，她开始在北京的中国航天员中心进行她1700小时的训练。空后为名词短语“1,700-hour training”，应用形容词性物主代词修饰，she的形容词性物主代词为her。 5．句意：这个过程很困难，但她保持着良好的状态，并与队友密切合作。前半句表示“过程困难”，后半句表示“保持良好状态并密切合作”，前后句意存在转折关系，应用连词but。 6．句意：她努力学习如何正确地操作载人航天器。空处修饰动词operate，应用副词形式。correct的副词形式是correctly。 7．句意：最后，她以令人惊讶的表现完成了200多个科目。空处修饰名词performance，应用形容词形式，表示事物的特征“令人惊讶的”用surprising。 8．句意：在太空中，黎将负责不同的科学测试和其他职责。other修饰可数名词复数，duty的复数形式为duties。 9．句意：由于长期的训练和精心的准备，她对完成任务充满信心。此处是固定搭配be full of，意为“充满……”。 10．句意：黎家盈的旅程鼓励了许多香港学生拥有一个大梦想——不管他们想成为科学家、工程师，甚至是航天员。encourage sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，应用动词不定式to have，作宾语补足语。 Passage 6 （2025·江苏宿迁·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When it comes to Yuan Longping, we will think of him as the “Father of Hybrid Rice”. In fact, he is also good at reading, swimming and playing the violin. Yuan has a reading habit—reading aloud. In the first year of high school, there was 1 speech competition. Yuan took part in the competition. He chose a topic, wrote his speech and read it aloud in the morning. After that, he 2 (find) reading aloud was a good method. It could make his memory much better and he could have a 3 (deep) understanding of articles than before. Yuan is a good 4 (swim). When he was 8 years old, he and his family took a ship to Hunan. He fell from the ship. He 5 (save) by a boatman. This made him 6 (learn) to swim—he wanted to be able to save others just as the boatman had saved him. In a national swimming competition in Chengdu, Yuan finished 7 (four) in the race, while the top three entered China’s national swimming team 8 (successful). Yuan is also a good music lover. He learned to play the violin 9 a music teacher at college. He said, “Music is the warmth that has accompanied (陪伴) me throughout my life.” Yuan once said, “We should be good both in mind 10 body.” Not only did he finish great things, but he also had a unique soul (独特的灵魂). As middle school students, we should also find our own interests and life dreams like Yuan Longping. 【答案】 1．a 2．found 3．deeper 4．swimmer 5．was saved 6．learn 7．fourth 8．successfully 9．from 10．and 【导语】本文主要介绍了被视为“杂交水稻之父”的袁隆平还擅长阅读、游泳和拉小提琴。 【详解】 1．句意：在高中的第一年，有一场演讲比赛。根据“there was...speech competition. ”可知，应填一个不定冠词，泛指一场演讲比赛，speech以辅音音素开头，所以用a。故填a。 2．句意：在那之后，他发现大声朗读是一种很好的方法。根据“After that, he...reading aloud was a good method.”以及所给单词可知，时态为一般过去时，陈述过去发生的事，谓语动词用过去式found。故填found。 3．句意：这可以使他的记忆力大大提高，他可以比以前更深入地理解文章。根据“have a...understanding of articles than before.”以及所给单词可知，应填deep的比较级形式deeper“更深的”，表示比以前更深入地理解文章。故填deeper。 4．句意：袁是一个不错的游泳者。根据“a good...”以及所给单词可知，此处表示一个不错的游泳者。swimmer“游泳者”，根据前面的“a”可知，用单数。故填swimmer。 5．句意：他被一个船夫救了。根据“He...by a boatman.”以及所给单词可知，时态为一般过去时，陈述过去发生的事，主语He和动词save之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，be动词用was，save的过去分词形式为saved。故填was saved。 6．句意：这让他学会了游泳——他想能够像船夫救他一样救别人。根据“made him...to swim”以及所给单词可知，应填动词learn的原形，作宾语补足语。make sb do sth“让某人做某事”。故填learn。 7．句意：在成都举行的全国游泳比赛中，袁获得了第四名，而前三名则成功进入了中国国家游泳队。根据“finished...in the race”以及所给单词可知，应填four的序数词形式fourth“第四”，表示在比赛中获得第四名。故填fourth。 8．句意：在成都举行的全国游泳比赛中，袁获得了第四名，而前三名则成功进入了中国国家游泳队。根据“entered China’s national swimming team...”以及所给单词可知，应填successful的副词形式successfully“成功地”，作状语，修饰动词entered。故填successfully。 9．句意：他在大学里向一位音乐老师那里学会了拉小提琴。learn to do sth from sb“向某人学习做某事”。故填from。 10．句意：我们应该身心都健康。根据“be good both in mind...body.”可知，应填连词and“和”，表示身心都健康。both...and...“……和……都”。故填and。 Passage 7 阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入适当内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案转写在答题卡上。 Qi Baishi is a world-famous art master in China. He was born in 1 poor family from Xiangtan, Hunan province. He was at school for less than a year because 2 illnesses. One day, he found a Chinese painting guide book—Jieziyuan Huapu. The book inspired his interests in painting 3 (picture). He decided 4 (learn) by himself and later became a master of art through his hard work. In 1902, he 5 (start) to travel around China. He visited famous places, met many people and saw different kinds of art pieces. These experiences helped him become one of the 6 (good) artists of all time. 7 (He) paintings are generally about the small things of the world, such as fish, shrimps (虾) and frogs. “Mouse and Cat with Lamp” is one of them. In the picture, a mouse is standing on the top of a long pole (杆子). Under the pole is a cat. They are so lively 8 it looks like they would jump out of the paper to fight. All the works 9 (create) by Qi Baishi in a fresh way, which expressed his love for nature and life. His talents and skills amazed the whole world a lot. He is 10 (real) a master of art and the pride of Xiangtan. 【答案】 1．a 2．of 3．pictures 4．to learn 5．started 6．best 7．His 8．that 9．were created 10．really 【导语】本文主要介绍了著名画家齐白石。 【详解】 1．句意：他出生在湖南湘潭的一个贫困家庭。此处泛指“一个贫穷的家庭”，poor以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 2．句意：由于生病，他在学校待了不到一年。because of“因为”。故填of。 3．句意：这本书激发了他绘画的兴趣。此处表示泛指用名词复数pictures“图片”。故填pictures。 4．句意：他决定自学，后来通过努力成为了一名艺术大师。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”。故填to learn。 5．句意：1902年，他开始周游中国。根据“In 1902”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式started“开始”。故填started。 6．句意：这些经历帮助他成为有史以来最优秀的艺术家之一。one of the+最高级+名词复数“最……的……之一”。故填best。 7．句意：他的画一般都是关于世界上的小东西，比如鱼、虾和青蛙。修饰名词用形容词性物主代词his“他的”。故填His。 8．句意：它们是如此的生机勃勃，看起来它们会跳出纸来打架。根据“so lively...it looks like...”可知此处是so...that“如此……以至于”。故填that。 9．句意：所有的作品都是齐白石以新鲜的方式创作的，表达了他对自然和生命的热爱。主语all the works和谓语create“创造”之间是被动关系，根据“expressed”可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用were。故填were created。 10．句意：他真是艺术大师，湘潭人的骄傲。此处指“他真的是一名艺术大师”，用副词really。故填really。 Passage 8 （2025·山东济宁·中考真题）The Yingge dance, or “dance to heroes’ song”, is 1 folk show from southern China, especially popular in Guangdong. The dance is a mix of opera, drumming, and kung fu. It 2 (add) to China’s National Intangible Cultural Heritage List (非物质文化遗产目录) in 2006. The dance tells heroes’ stories and is often performed during 3 (tradition) Chinese festivals. The dancers wear colorful clothes and carry wooden sticks. They beat their sticks so skillfully that the sticks seem like part of their bodies. The performance 4 (bring) happiness to everyone. A Yingge team usually has 36 people. To prepare for a wonderful show, the team has to practice for at least six months. 5 it is tiring, a lot of young people are learning the dance out of love. Practicing Yingge helps people stay healthy and learn about local culture. “Now our club has 20 members. They 6 (learn) it since they were in primary school,” a dancer said. “It’s a good way 7 (celebrate) local culture and bring people together.” 【答案】1．a 2．was added 3．traditional 4．brings 5．Although/Though 6．have learnt 7．to celebrate 【导语】本文作者介绍了国家级非遗“英歌”的历史渊源、表演形式及其对传承地方文化的重要意义。 【详解】 1．句意：英歌舞，又称“英雄之歌”，是中国南方的一种民间表演，在广东尤为流行。此处泛指“一种民间表演”，folk以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 2．句意：在2006年，它被列入中国非物质文化遗产名录。根据“in 2006”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，主语“it”和动词“add”之间是被动关系，一般过去时的被动语态结构是“was/were+过去分词”，be动词用“was”，“add”的过去分词是“added”，故填was added。 3．句意：这种舞蹈讲述英雄的故事，常在中国传统节日期间表演。修饰festivals用形容词traditional“传统的”。故填traditional。 4．句意：表演给每个人带来欢乐。句子用一般现在时，主语为the performance，谓语用第三人称单数brings“带来”。故填brings。 5．句意：尽管很累，许多年轻人仍出于热爱而学习。前后两句是让步关系，用although/though引导让步状语从句，放句首首字母大写。故填Although/Though。 6．句意：他们自从上小学就学习它。根据“since”可知主句用现在完成时，主语是They，助动词用have，learn的过去分词是learnt。故填have learnt。 7．句意：这是庆祝当地文化和把人们聚在一起的一个好方法。celebrate“庆祝”，“a good way to do sth.”是固定句型，意为“做某事的一个好方法”，故填to celebrate。 ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $