Unit 2 Natural disasters（一）-2026-2027学年高中英语教材全解必修三（译林版）

Unit 2 Natural disasters 教材全解（一） county injure disaster at large reaction crash 。单元核心词汇 signal exit orderly stair roll confirm safe and sound hug procedure 。单元同步语法 动词不定式作定语和结果状语 ⑦单元文章对话 重点句型讲练 教材同步词汇全解全练 重点1 单元词汇 l.injure/'Ind3ar)/vt.伤害，使受伤；损害 词形变化：injury(.)伤害，损伤injured(adj.)受伤的；injurious(adj.)有害的 搭配：injure sb./oneself伤害某人/自己；be injured in an accident在事故中受伤； injure one's reputation损害某人的名誉 辨析：injure常指意外事故中受伤；wound指刀枪等武器造成的伤；humt可指肉体 或情感上的伤害，程度较轻；ham指对健康、名誉等的损害 例句：He was seriously injured in the crash. 2.disaster/d'za:sta(r)/n.灾难，灾害；彻底失败 词形变化：disastrous(adj.)灾难性的，极糟糕的；disastrously(adv.)灾难性地 搭配：natural disaster自然灾害；disaster area灾区；a disaster film灾难片；end in disaster以灾难告终 辨析：disaster强调巨大的破坏和损失；catastrophe语气更强，指突然的、大规模的 灾难；calamity侧重个人或社会的巨大不幸 例句：The earthquake was a terrible disaster for the region.. 3.reaction /i'ekm/n.反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应 词形变化：react(v.)反应；reactionary(adj.h.)反动的（人)；overreaction(m.) 过度反应 搭配：reaction to sth.对…的反应；in reaction to作为对…的反应；chain reaction连锁反应；allergic reaction过敏反应 辨析：reaction强调对刺激的即时反应；response更正式，指回答或回应；reflex 指本能反射 例句：What was his immediate reaction to the news? 4.crash /kraf/n.碰撞声，破裂声；碰撞；崩溃vi.&vt.碰撞，撞击；崩溃 词形变化：crashing(adj.）猛烈的，十足的；crash-land(v.）紧急着陆 搭配：car crash车祸；air crash空难；crash into撞上；crash the party不请自来； stock market crash股市崩盘；crash down倒塌；轰然倒下 辨析：crash指猛烈撞击并发出巨响；collide指运动中的物体相撞；smash指打 碎、击碎 例句：The plane crashed into the mountain.. 5.signal'sIgnel/vi.&vt.发信号，示意；标志n.信号，暗号；标志；信号灯 词形变化：signal(adj.)显著的，重要的（较少用）；sign(n.)迹象，标志： signaler(n.）信号员 搭配：traffic signal交通信号；signal for help发出求救信号；signal to sb.todo sth.向某人示意做某事；signal the end of…标志着…的结束 辨析：signal通常指约定好的或电子信号；sign指自然存在的迹象或符号；gesture 指手势 例句：She signaled to the driver to stop. 6.confirm /kan'f3m/vt.证实，确认；使确信；批准 词形变化：confirmation(n.）证实，确认；confirmed(adj.)确认的；根深蒂固的 搭配：confirm one's suspicion证实某人的怀疑；confirm a reservation确认预订； it is confirmed that…据证实；confirm sb.in sth.使某人确信某事 辨析：confirm强调提供证据使某事物确定；prove强调通过逻辑或事实证明； verify侧重核实真实性 例句：The experiment confirmed his theory: 7.odd/od/adj.奇怪的，怪异的；偶尔的；不成对的 词形变化：oddly(adv.)奇怪地；oddness(m.)奇怪；odds(n.)可能性，几率 搭配：odd behavior古怪行为；odd number奇数；odd job零工；odd one out与众 不同的人/物；be at odds with与…不一致 辨析：odd强调不合常规、奇特；strange泛指陌生的、奇怪的；peculiar侧重独特 的、特有的 例句：It's odd that he didn't show up 8.occur /e'k3:()/vi.发生，出现，存在于；occur to被想到，浮现在脑中 词形变化：occurrence(L.)发生的事，事件；occurring(现在分词) 搭配：occur to sb..某人想起；it occurs to sb.that·某人突然想到…；occur as 作为…出现 辨析：occur比happen更正式；take place常指有计划地发生；happen可指偶然 或必然发生 例句：The accident occurred at midnight, Did it ever occur to you to ask for help? 9.1 elief'lifn.宽慰，轻松：减轻，消除；救济 词形变化：relieve(.)减轻，缓解；relieved(adj.)感到宽慰的；relieving(adj.) 令人宽慰的 搭配：to one's relief令某人欣慰的是；relief from pain疼痛的缓解；disaster relief 灾难救济；breathe a sigh of relief松了一口气 辨析：relief指压力或痛苦减轻后的轻松；comfort指精神上的安慰；ease指舒适、 安逸 例句：It was a great relief to hear that she was safe and sound, 10.destructive/dr'strAktrv/adj.引起破坏（或毁灭）的，破坏（或毁灭）性的 词形变化：destructively(adv.)破坏性地；destruction(n.)破坏，毁灭；destroy (v.)破坏 搭配：destructive power破坏力；destructive criticism毁灭性的批评；destructive to…对…有破坏性的 辨析：destructive强调造成严重损害；harmful泛指有害的；devastating语气更 强，意为“毁灭性的” 例句：The typhoon was extremely destructive.. 1l.procedure/pra'si:d3a(r)/n.程序，步骤，手续 词形变化：procedural(adj.)程序上的；proceed(v.）继续进行；process(m.)过程 搭配：follow the procedure遵循程序；emergency procedure应急程序；legal procedure法律程序；procedure for doing sth.做某事的步骤 辨析：procedure指一系列操作步骤，强调流程；process指从开始到结束的整个过 程；course指行动路径 例句：You must follow the safety procedure strictly.. l2.keep one''s head短语.（在困境中）保持冷静 词形变化：lose one''s head失去冷静；keep a cool head保持头脑清醒 搭配：keep one's head in a crisis在危机中保持冷静；keep one's head down保持 低调；keep one's head above water勉强维持生计 辨析：相当于stay calm/remain composed 例句：In an emergency,it's important to keep your head, 考点通关 单元词汇 (一)单句填空（用所给词的适当形式填空） 1.The driver was badly (injure)in the car crash,but luckily he survived. 2.After the earthquake,the government sent supplies to the (disaster)area. 3.Her immediate (react)to the news was one of shock. 4.The stock market (crash)in 1929 led to a global economic depression. 5.The captain (signal)the ship to stop by waving a flag 6.We need to (confirm)the flight time before we book the tickets. 7.It's (odd)that no one answered the door at this hour. 8.A great idea suddenly (occur)to me while I was reading. 9.To her (relieve),all the passengers were safe and sound after the typhoon. 10.The tsunami had a (destroy)effect on the coastal villages. 11.Please read the (proceed)carefully before using the equipment. 12.During the crisis,the leader managed to keep (he)head and gave clear instructions. 13.The accident (occur)because of a signal failure. 14.The (injure)man was taken to hospital immediately 15.The earthquake was one of the worst natural (disaster)in history. (二)短文填空 When a natural 1. strikes,such as a typhoon or an earthquake,peoples first 2 is often panic.However,it is crucial to 3. one's head and follow the safety 4. For example,if you hear a warning 5. _you should quickly 6. the nearest exit and move to a safe area.Many people are 7. during such events,especially if they fail to react properly.The 8. power of a tsunami can be overwhelming.Sometimes,odd things happen-for example,a person may feel a strange sense of 9. after the danger passes.But the most important thing is that everyone ends up 10. and sound. 参考答案 1.injured;2.disaster;3.reaction;4.crash;5.signaled;6.confirm;7.odd; (一)单句填空 8.occurred;9.relief;10.destructive;11.procedure;12.his;13.occurred; 14.injured;15.disasters (二)短文填空 1.disaster;2.reaction;3.keep;4.procedure;5.signal;6.confirm;7.injured; 8.destructive;9.relief 10.safe 教材同步语法全解全练 重点1 动词不定式作定语和结果状语 动词不定式作定语和结果状语 项目 内容 不定式置于名词或代词之后，修饰该名词或代词，表示未发生的动作、用 途、目的或与被修饰词之间的逻辑关系。 结构：名词/代词+todo 动词不定式作常见类型：①表示未发生的动作：I have a lot of homework to do.②表 定语 示用途：a knife to cut bread..③与被修饰词有动宾关系：He is a man to respect.④不定式的逻辑主语常为句子主语或宾语：I need someone to help me.⑤若不定式中的动词为不及物动词，需保留相应介词：a room to live in.⑥主动形式表被动含义：The first thing to do is to call him. 动词不定式作不定式表示谓语动作发生后所产生的（常为意料之外）结果。 结果状语 结构：谓语+todo,常用句式：①only to do(出乎意料的结果)：He ushed to the station,only to find the train gone.②so...as to do（如 此…以至于…)：He was so kind as to help the old man.③such…as to do:She is such a lovely girl as to be loved by everyone.4 enough to do(足够…去做…)：The ice is thick enough to walk on.⑤too…to do（太…而不能…)：The box is too heavy to lift.. ★注意：too.to.表示否定结果，enough to do表示肯定结果；only to do常暗示失望或意外： 考点通关 动词不定式作定语和结果状语 语法专练一：单项选择(8题) 1.I have a lot of work today. A.do B.doing C.to do D.done 2.He is looking for a room A.to live B.to live in C.living D,lived 3.She hurried to the airport,only the plane had taken off. A.find B.finding C.to find D.found 4.The boy is too young this heavy box alone. A.carry B.to carry C.carrying D.carried 5.I need a pen A.to write B.to write with C.writing D,written 6.He was so tired as unable to move. A.to be B.being C.be D.been 7.She is such a kind person as loved by everyone around her. A.to be B.being C.be D.been 8.There are many difficulties in the coming year. A.to overcome B.overcoming C.overcome D.to be overcome 语法专练二：语法填空(10题) 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.I have no time with you now. 2.The best way English is to practice every day. 3.He got up early only the bus. 4.The water is too hot 5.I need a chair on. 6.The problem is difficult 7.She is old enough her own decisions. 8.He was so angry as nothing 9.I have a few books this weekend. 10.He stepped into the room,only it empty. 参考答案 语法专练一：单项选择 1.C;2.B;3.C;4.B;5.B;6.A;7.A;8.A 1.to talk;2.to learn;3.to miss;4.to drink;5.to sit;6.to 语法专练二：语法填空 solve;7.to make;8.to say;9.to read;10.to find A 教材同步文章句型精讲 重点句型 Falmont earthquake 1.Thanks to the quick thinking of their teachers,the pupils were led to safety. 结构：thanks to+名词/代词/V-ing 中文：多亏了老师们迅速的反应，学生们得救了。 用法：thanks to表示“由于；多亏”，强调积极原因，后接名词或动名词。 2. Having practiced earthquake drills regularly,the children knew exactly what to do. 结构：Having+过去分词，主句 中文：由于定期进行地震演练，孩子们确切知道该怎么做。 用法：表示该动作发生在主句动作之前，逻辑主语与主句主语一致。 3. What saved their lives was not just luck,but the careful preparation and training 结构：What+从句+谓语动词+表语 中文：救他们性命的不是运气，而是认真的准备和训练。 用法：What在从句中充当主语，意为“…的事情”，谓语动词用单数。 4.It is a testament to the importance of disaster preparedness that not a single life was lost 结构：It is a testament to+名词+that+句子 中文：没有一个人丧生，这证明了灾难准备的重要性。 用法：testament意为“证明”，that从句是真正主语。 5.Investing in early warning systems can make the difference between life and death in a natural disaster. 结构：make the difference between A and B 中文：早期预警系统可以在自然灾害中决定生死。 用法：固定短语，意为“在…之间起決定性作用”。 考点通关 文章句型 练习一：完成句子（用所给词的适当形式填空） 1. (thank)to the regular drills,the children escaped safely. 2. (have)learned the safety rules,they acted calmly. 3.What (save)them was not luck but preparation. 4.It is a testament to the school's effort that no one (lose)his life. 5.Proper training can make the difference between (survive)and death. 6.The earthquake was one of the (strong)in the region. 7.The children knew exactly what (do)when the ground shook. 8.After the disaster,the community came together (rebuild)the school. 9. (learn)from this experience,we can prepare better. 10.The teachers led the pupils to the (design)）safe area. 练习二：翻译句子（在横线上写出完整句子） 1.多亏了老师们的快速反应，学生们得救了。 2.由于定期进行地震演练，孩子们知道该做什么。 3.救他们性命的不是运气，而是之前的认真准备。 4.没有一个人丧生，这证明了灾难准备的重要性。 5.在自然灾害中，早期预警系统可以决定生死。 6.虽然地震很强，但学校被重建得更坚固了。 7.孩子们平静地排队，跟着老师到达安全区。 8.整个社区团结起来，比以往更有韧性。 9.从这次经历中学习，我们可以更好地为未来做准备。 10.定期练习逃生演练可以挽救生命。 参考答案 练习一：完成句子 1.Thanks;2.Having;3.saved;4lost;5.survival;6.strongest; 7.to do;8.to rebuild;9.Learning;10.designated 1.Thanks to the quick reaction of the teachers,the students were saved.;2.Having practiced earthquake drills regularly,the children knew what to do.;3.What saved their lives was not luck but the careful preparation before.4.It is a testament to the importance of disaster preparedness that no one lost his life.; 5.In a natural disaster,early warning systems can make the 练习二：翻译句子 difference between life and death.;6.Although the earthquake was very strong,the school was rebuilt stronger.;7.The children lined up calmly and followed their teachers to the safe area.; 8.The whole community came together,more resilient than before.;9.By learning from this experience,we can better prepare for the future.10.Practicing escape drills regularly can save lives. 教材同步单元练习 一、阅读理解 Passage A In the early hours of a seemingly ordinary Tuesday morning,a devastating earthquake,measuring 7.2 on the Richter scale,struck the coastal city of Merida.The initial tremor,lasting approximately 45 seconds was followed by a series of powerful aftershocks that continued for hours.The scene was one of utter chaos.Buildings that had stood for decades crumbled like sandcastles,trapping hundreds ofresidents beneath mountains of rubble.The city's infrastructure was crippled;power lines were down,water mains had burst,and communication networks were completely jammed,leaving the city isolated from the outside world. What followed was a remarkable,albeit tragic,test of human resilience and community spinit.In the immediate aftermath,ordinary citizens became fiurst responders.A retired firefighter,Miguel Alvarez, using only his bare hands and a crowbar,dug through the wreckage of a collapsed apartment building to rescue a young girl trapped for ten hours."I just did what anyone would do,"he later told reporters,his voice hoarse but steady.Meanwhile,a group of university students used their knowledge of engineering to stabilize precarious walls,preventing futher collapse as rescue crews began to arive The official rescue operation,coordinated by the National Emergency Management Agency,was initially hampered by the widespread destruction.The main road leading into the city was blocked by landslides, forcing rescue workers and heavy equipment to arive by sea.Makeshift hospitals were set up in parks and school playgrounds.Doctors and nurses,many of whom were treating their own injured family members,worked around the clock,triaging the wounded and performing emergency surgeries with limited supplies.The sheer volume of casualties tested the limits of the medical system. However,amidst the devastation,stories of hope emerged.Intemational aid began to flow in within 48 hours,with search and rescue teams from neighboring countries ariving with specialized equipment, including sniffer dogs and thermal imaging cameras.An emergency field hospital was established, providing critical care that saved countless lives.The global response highlighted a fundamental truth:in the face of a natural disaster,national borders become irrelevant.The city of Merida is now being rebuilt, but it will forever be marked by the trauma of that day,as well as by the profound courage and solidarity that shone through the darkest hours. ()1.What is the most significant factor that saved lives in the immediate aftermath of the earthquake in Merida? A.The rapid arival of intemational aid. B.The swift deployment of the National Emergency ManagementAgency C.The spontaneous and heroic actions of ordinary citizens. D.The advanced technology used by the local fire department. ()2.The phrase "triaging the wounded"(Paragraph 3)most probably means A.performing complex surgical operations on the injured B.comforting and providing psychological support to victims C.prioritizing the treatment of patients based on the severity of their injuries D.transporting the wounded to different hospitals in the city ()3.What does the author imply by saying"national borders become irelevant"(Paragraph 4)? A.The disaster had a significant impact on international relations. B.Other countries were legally obliged to provide assistance C.Humanitarian aid transcended political and geographical boundaries. D.The disaster caused a global economic crisis that affected all nations. ()4.What is the author's main purpose in writing this article? A.To issue a warning about the dangers of earthquakes. B.To criticize the slow response of the government. C.To highlight both the tragedy and the human spirit shown during the disaster. D.To provide a technical analysis of the causes of the earthquake. Passage B For decades,the primary goal in the field of seismology has been to accurately predict earthquakes.The ability to foresee a major seismic event would allow for timely evacuations and preparations,potentially saving tens of thousands of lives.However,despite significant advances in technology and our understanding of plate tectonics,reliable short-term earthquake prediction remains an elusive scientific dream.The Earth's crust is a complex,non-linear system where small,seemingly insignificant changes can lead to massive,unpredictable outcomes.This inherent complexity,often described by the "butterfly effect,"means that false alarms are not just possible but highly probable. Given the difficulty of short-term prediction,the focus of disaster management has,over the last decade, shifted from prediction to preparedness.This paradigm shift acknowledges that while we may not be able to say when an earthquake will strike,we can definitively reduce its destructive impact through robust infrastructure and community education.Countries like Japan have been at the forefront of this strategy. Their stringent building codes,which require modern structures to be flexible enough to sway with seismic waves rather than resist them rigidly,have dramatically reduced building collapses.Furthermore, nationwide,mandatory earthquake drills,conducted from elementary schools to corporate offices,ensure that the population reacts automatically and effectively when the ground begins to shake. The effectiveness of this preparedness model was starkly demonstrated in the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami.While the magnitude 9.0 earthquake was one of the most powerful ever recorded,the mortality rate from the earthquake itself was surprisingly low,largely due to the immediate and correct response of the populace.The majority of casualties were caused by the subsequent tsunami,a secondary disaster whose waming systems,while advanced,were ultimately overwhelmed by the event's unprecedented scale.This event provided a crucial lesson:preparedness must be multi-layered,addressing not just the primary threat but also the cascading secondary disasters that often follow The future of earthquake risk management lies in an integrated approach that combines the best of both worlds.While scientific research into long-term forecasting and potential precursor signals-such as animal behavior or changes in radon gas emissions-should continue,the primary investment must be in reinforcing the resilience of our societies.This means not only building earthquake-resistant hospitals and schools but also developing robust communication systems that can function after a disaster,ensuring that the lessons learned from past tragedies are not forgotten but are actively woven into the fabric of modemn urban planning and public policy. ()1.Why is short-term earthquake prediction considered"an elusive dream"(Paragraph 1)? A.Because current technology is not powerful enough to monitor the Earth's crust. B.Because the Earth's crust is a highly complex and chaotic system. C.Because scientists have focused too much on the "butterfly effect". D.Because the cost of developing such a system is too high ()2.What does the author mean by a"paradigm shift"(Paragraph 2)? A.A complete change in the focus of earthquake risk management. B.A new,successful method for predicting earthquakes. C.A temporary adjustment in disaster relief funding. D.A scientific breakthrough in understanding plate tectonics ()3.What can be inferred from the example of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake? A.Preparedness for the primary disaster (earthquake)was highly effective B.The tsunami warning systems were a complete failure. C.Japan's building codes were not strong enough to withstand the earthquake. D.The government should have predicted the earthquake more accurately. ()4.According to the passage,what is the most crucial investment for the future? A.Funding for research into early warning signals like animal behavior. B.Creating a global network of seismographs for better prediction. C.Building more resilient communities with robust infrastructure and training D.Developing a new intemational treaty for disaster response. ()5.Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage? A.Predicting earthquakes is the only way to save lives,and more research is needed. B.While prediction is difficult,focusing on preparedness is a more effective strategy for saving lives from earthquakes. C.The 2011 Tohoku earthquake proved that no amount of preparation can stop a major disaster from being catastrophic. D.The"butterfly effect"makes earthquake prediction impossible,so we should give up on it. 二、完形填空 The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami remains one of the deadliest natural disasters in modemn history,claiming the lives of over 230,000 people across 14 countries.Yet amidst the (1) destruction,there were stories of seemingly miraculous escapes.One such story is that of a ten-year-old British schoolgirl,Tilly Smith,whose quick thinking saved over 100 lives on a beach in Thailand. Tilly had just studied tsunamis in her geography class two weeks(2) the disaster.While on holiday with her family at the Maikhao Beach,she noticed the ocean behaving (3) The water was rapidly receding,leaving behind stranded fish and a strange foaming line on the horizon.While other tourists were fascinated and wandered out to collect the(4) fish,Tilly was filled with a sense of dread.She suddenly (5) her teacher's lesson:the receding water was a classic sign of an approaching tsunami. She(6 told her parents,"There's going to be a tsunami!"Initially skeptical,her parents took her(7) seriously when Tilly became frantic and insisted.They alerted the hotel's security staff, who then warned other guests on the beach.Because of her urgent warnings,the entire beach was(8) before the giant wave struck.The area where they had been standing was one of the (9) hit on that coast.Tilly had not only saved her own family but also countless other tourists. Her calm,decisive (10) in the face of imminent danger is a testament to the(11) of education.It shows that knowledge,especially when given in a(12)and memorable way,can be a life-saving tool.Tilly's story,widely celebrated by the media,has since been integrated into disaster education (13) around the world.She was even invited to the United Nations to meet former President Bill Clinton."It's (14) ,"she said later,"that a simple geography lesson could make such a huge difference.It makes you realize that if you learn something,you can (15) it and use it in a real situation." 1.A.widespread B.nairow C.mild D.gradual 2.A.after B.before C.during D.until 3.A.normally B.peacefully C.strangely D.violently 4.A.cooked B.hidden C.dead D.alive 5.A.forgot B.questioned C.ignored D.remembered 6.A.nervously B.impatiently C.calmly D.immediately 7.A.warning B.joke C.suggestion D.complaint 8.A.abandoned B.investigated C.evacuated D.destroyed 9.A.least B.worst C.best D.farthest 10.A.escape B.presence C.reaction D.journey 11.A.power B.limit C.failure D.hope 12.A.confusing B.complex C.impressive D.fiightening 13.A.experiments B.programs C.problems D.theories 14.A.disappointing B.fortunate C.terifying D.amazing 15.A.forget B.resist C.apply D.delete 三、阅读短文回答问题 Read the following passage and answer the questions in complete sentences. When Hurricane Katrina struck the Gulf Coast of the United States in August 2005,it exposed a devastating truth:the impact of a natural disaster is not distributed equally.It was not the wind,but the failure of the levees in New Orleans that caused the most catastrophic destruction,flooding 80%of the city.However,the most glaring revelation was how the disaster disproportionately affected different socioeconomic groups. The city's population,like many American cities,was highly segregated by race and income.Wealthier residents,predominantly white,had the resources to evacuate before the storm hit.They owned cars,had the financial means to pay for hotel rooms in other states,and could afford to leave their homes and belongings behind.For them,the huricane was a terible event,but they escaped the immediate physical danger of the floodwaters. In stark contrast,a significant portion of the city's Afican American population was living below the poverty line.Many did not own cars and were reliant on an underfunded and poorly organized public transportation system for evacuation.When the city issued a mandatory evacuation order,thousands of the city's poorest and most vulnerable citizens were left behind in their homes or were forced to seek shelter in the Louisiana Superdome,a facility ill-equipped to handle the scale of the crisis.The floodwaters that followed did not just destroy homes;they disproportionately impacted communities that had the fewest resources to rebuild. Years later,the recovery process further highlighted this inequality.Wealthier neighborhoods were rebuilt more quickly,while poorer areas,particularly the Lower Ninth Ward,remained in a state ofruin for years. This disaster served as a painful lesson that a society's vulnerabilities are often exacerbated by pre-existing social and economic inequalities.A tuly resilient city is not just one with strong levees,but one where all its citizens,regardless of their background,have an equal chance to survive a disaster and recover from its aftermath. 1.What does the author mean by"the impact of a natural disaster is not distributed equally"(Paragraph 1)2 2.According to the passage,what was the main reason wealthier residents were able to escape the immediate danger of the floodwaters? 3.Why were poor and Afiican American residents more likely to be left behind during the evacuation? 4.What does the example of the recovery process in New Orleans show about inequality? 5.What is the painful lesson"the author wants to convey in this passage? 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Natural disasters,such as earthquakes,typhoons,and volcanic eruptions,are a stark reminder of the powerful forces that shape our planet.The key to (1) lies not in trying to stop them,which is impossible,but in effective preparation and rapid response. When an earthquake strikes,it is crucial to (2) and follow established safety procedures.A common piece of advice is to "Drop,Cover,and Hold On."Firstly,you must drop down to your hands and knees to prevent the shaking from(3) you over.Then,you should cover your head and neck under a sturdy table or desk.If no shelter is available,you should stay away from windows where glass might shatter.This simple procedure can significantly reduce the risk of(4) from falling objects For typhoons and hunicanes,an essential step is to (5) the path of the storm by (6) on official weather forecasts.It is also vital to secure loose outdoor objects that could become dangerous (7) in high winds.People in the path of the storm are often advised to batten down the hatches, a phrase meaning to prepare for a difficult situation by making your home secure. Ultimately,.(⑧) as these events can be,the human spirit often shines brightest in the aftermath. Stories of selfless rescue and community rebuilding are a testament to our collective resilience.It is not a (9) itself that defines us,but our(10)to it.Preparing for the worst is a sign of wisdom,not fear,and it is a procedure that everyone should take to heart. 1. 2. 3. 4. 6 7. 8. 9. 10. 五、写作 题目：假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校最近举办了一场以“防范自然灾害，守护生命安 全”为主题的宣传活动。作为活动的参与者，请你给学校英文报写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1.活动目的（提高防灾意识，学习应急技能） 2.活动内容（例如：专家讲座，逃生演练，海报展览等） 3.你的感受与收获 注意： 1.词数80-120左右： 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯： 3.标题已给出，不计入总词数。 A Lesson in Preparedness 参考答案 A篇：1.C2.C3.C4.C 一、阅读理解 B篇：5.B6.A7.A8.C9.B 二、完形填空 1.A2.B3.C4.C5.D6.D7.A8.C9.B10.C11.A12.C13.B14.D15.C 1.It means that the negative effects of a disaster fall more heavily on some groups (e.g., the poor)than on others (e.g.,the wealthy). 2.They had the resources,such as owning cars and having financial means,to evacuate before the storm. 三、阅读短文3.Because many of them were poor,,did not own cars,.and relied on an underfunded 回答问题 and poorly organized public transportation system. 4.It shows that wealthier neighborhoods were rebuilt more quickly,while poorer areas remained in ruins for years,widening the inequality gap. 5.A society's vulnerabilities are often deepened by pre-existing social and economic inequalities,and that a tuly resilient city must protect all its citizens equally. 四、短文填空 1.survival 2.keep one's head 3.knocking 4.injury 5.confirm 6.relying 7.projectiles 8 destructive 9.disaster 10.reaction 五、写作 范文： A Lesson in Preparedness In our school's recent campaign,"Guard Life,Prevent Disasters,"we engaged in a series of educational activities.The event aimed to sharpen our awareness ofnatural disaster risks and equip us with vital survival skills. We attended a fascinating lecture by a firefighter,who explained the science behind earthquakes and fires Following this,we participated in a realistic emergency evacuation drill,practicing the "Drop,Cover,and Hold On"routine.A powerful poster exhibition demonstrated how to build a family emergency kit. Personally,this was an eye-opening experience.I realized that knowledge is our strongest shield.Instead of feeling afraid,I now feel empowered and prepared.This campaign has taught me that a proactive approach is the key to safety.