Unit 2 Natural disasters 一-2025-2026学年高中英语词汇变形及词缀精讲必修第三册（译林版）

高中必修第三册译林版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 2 Natural disasters 词汇精讲 Unit 2 Natural disasters 词汇变形及词缀精讲 全部单元单词 county/'kaonti//n.郡，县 道：离开 *bubble/'babl/n.泡沫，泡，气 injure/'md3a)/t.伤害，使受orderly/o:dali/adj.有秩序的，泡 伤：损害 有条理的，整齐的 occur /a'k3(r)/i.发生，出现， disaster/d'za:sta(r)/n.灾难，灾 stair/stea)/n.楼梯：梯级 存在于；occur to被想到，浮现 害：彻底失败 Ioll3w/n.名单；卷；一管；翻在脑中 at large整个，全部 滚；vi.&t.翻滚，滚动；动身；keep one's head(在困境中)保 reaction /ri'kn/n.反应，回应；卷起；roll call点名 持冷静 抗拒：化学反应 confirm /kan'f3m/vt.证实，确relief/r'li:fn.宽慰，轻松；减 crash /kraef/n.碰撞声，破裂声；认：使确信；批准 轻，消除；救济 碰撞：崩溃：vi.&t.碰撞，撞safe and sound安然无恙的 typhoor/tar'f:n/n.台风 击：崩溃 hug /hAg/vt.拥抱，搂抱，抱紧 destructive /dr'strAktrv/adj. signal/'sIgnal/vi.&t.发信号，procedure /pr3'si:d3a()/n.程序，起破坏（或毁灭）的，破坏（或毁 示意：标志：n.信号，暗号；标步骤，手续 灭)性的 志：信号灯 *tsunami/tsu:'na:mi/n.海啸 exit/'ekst'egzt/t.&vi.出去，odd/pd/adj..奇怪的，怪异的： 离去，退场：退出；n.出口，通偶尔的：不成对的 词汇变形及词缀精讲 1.disaster/d'za:sta)/n.灾难，灾害：彻底失败 词汇变形 形容词形式：disastrous(灾难性的) 构词解析 前缀dis-:表“否定、相反”；后缀-：构成名词，此处表“结果、状态”。 同类词：danger（危险)→dangerous(危险的) The earthquake was a terrible disaster,leaving thousands of people homeless. 真题链接（译林版高中必修三同步练习）：The flood caused_(disaster)damage to the village.(答 案：disastrous) 2.injure./Ind3at)/vt.伤害，使受伤；损害 词汇变形 高中必修第三册译林版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 2 Natural disasters 名词形式：injury(伤害，损伤) 形容词形式：injured(受伤的) 构词解析 前缀in-:此处加强语气；后缀-ure:构成名词；-ed:构成形容词，表“受…影响的”。 He injured his leg while playing football and had to stay in bed for a week. 真题链接（译林版高中必修三单元测试）：The(injure)workers were sent to the hospital imme- diately after the accident.(答案：injured) 3.reaction/ri'ekn/n.反应，回应；抗拒：化学反应 词汇变形 动词形式：eact（反应，回应) 副词形式：reactively（反应地，被动地) 构词解析 前缀re-:表“回、反”；词根act(行动)；后缀-ion:构成名词；ive:构成形容词，-ly构成副词。 例句：Her reaction to the news was unexpected-一she laughed instead of crying. 真题链接（译林版高中必修三同步练习）：When facing difficulties,it'simportant to (reaction) calmly.(答案：react) 4.confirm/kan'f3m/t.证实，确认；使确信：批准 词汇变形 名词形式：confirmation(证实，确认) 形容词形式：confirmed(确认的，证实的) 构词解析 前缀con-:表“共同、加强”；词根fim(坚固的)：后缀-ation:构成名词；-ed:构成形容词。 Please call the hotel to confirm your reservation three days in advance. 真题链接（译林版高中必修三单元测试）：We need a written(confirm)of your order before we can ship the goods.(答案：confirmation) 5.destructive/d'strAktIv/adj.引起破坏（或毁灭）的，破坏（或毁灭）性的 词汇变形 动词形式：destroy(破坏，毁灭) 名词形式：destruction(破坏，毁灭) 构词解析 前缀de-:表“否定、相反”；词根struct(建造)：后缀ive:构成形容词：-ion:构成名词。 同类词：construct（建造)→construction（建设) The destructive typhoon destroyed hundreds of houses along the coast. 真题链接（译林版高中必修三同步练习）：The storm causedgreat(destroy)to the local agriculture. (答案：destruction) 6.relief /rI'li:f/n.宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除：救济 词汇变形 动词形式：relieve(减轻，缓解) 高中必修第三册译林版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 2 Natural disasters 形容词形式：relieved(感到宽慰的) 构词解析 前缀re-:表“回、再”；词根liev(减轻)：后缀f:构成名词：-ed:构成形容词。 例句：To our relief,.the missing child was found safe and sound. 真题链接（译林版高中必修三单元测试）：The medicine can (relief)your pain in about 20 minutes. (答案：relieve) 7.occur /a'k3)/vi.发生，出现，存在于 词汇变形 名词形式：occurrence(发生，出现；事件) 构词解析 前缀oc-(=ob-,表“朝向、相反”)：词根cur（跑)：后缀-ence:构成名词。 Earthquakes often occur in this area because it's near a fault line. 真题链接（译林版高中必修三同步练习）：The_(occur)of the accident was due to careless driving. (答案：occurrence) 8.orderly/'o:dali/adj.有秩序的，有条理的，整齐的 词汇变形 名词形式：order(秩序，顺序) 副词形式：orderly(有秩序地，副词同形) 动词形式：order(命令，安排) 构词解析 后缀y:加在名词后构成形容词，表“具有…性质的”；此处副词形式与形容词同形。 同类词：friendly(友好的)、weekly(每周的，每周一次地) The students left the classroom in an orderly manner after the bell rang. 真题链接（译林版高中必修三单元测试）：Please keep the room(order)while I'm away.(答 案：orderly) 9.signal./'sIgn/vi.&vt.发信号，示意：标志；n.信号，暗号；标志；信号灯 词汇变形 形容词形式：significant(重要的，显著的) 构词解析 词根sign(标记，符号)：后缀-al:构成名词或动词：significant中前缀sig-(=sign),后缀-ificant: 表“有意义的”。 例句：The traffic light turned red,.signaling drivers to stop.. 真题链接（译林版高中必修三同步练习）：The new policy will have a (signal)impact on the local economy..(答案：significant) l0.procedure /pr3'si:d)/n.程序，步骤，手续 词汇变形 动词形式：proceed(继续进行，前进) 构词解析 高中必修第三册译林版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 2 Natural disasters 前缀pro-:表“向前”；词根ceed(走)：后缀-ure:构成名词。 Before the experiment,the teacher explained the procedure clearly to the students. 真题链接（译林版高中必修三单元测试）：After finishing the first task,we will (procedure)to the next one.(答案：proceed) 11.odd/oDd/adj.奇怪的，怪异的：偶尔的：不成对的 词汇变形 名词形式：oddness(奇怪，怪异) 副词形式：oddy(奇怪地，反常地) 构词解析 后缀ness:加在形容词后构成名词，表“性质、状态”；-y:构成副词。 例句：It's odd that she didr't reply to my message yesterday-一she usually responds quickly.. 真题链接（译林版高中必修三同步练习）：He looked at me (odd)when I told him the news. 案：oddly) 12.exit/'kst,'egzt/t.&vi.出去，离去，退场：退出；n.出口，通道；离开 词汇变形 动词形式：exits(第三人称单数)/exited(过去式/过去分词) 构词解析 前缀ex-:表“出、外”；词根it（走)：此处兼作动词和名词。 例句：Please exit the building through the emergency exit on your left 真题链接（译林版高中必修三单元测试）：All passengers must(exit)the plane in an orderly way after landing.(答案：exit) 综合训练 一、 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1.The earthquake caused a terrible (灾难)，leaving many people homeless, 2.We need to follow the proper (程序before starting the project,. 3.Her (反应)to the news surprised everyone in the room. 4.After the storm,the government sent (救济)supplies to the affected areas. 5.The (信号)on the mountain was too weak to make a call,. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The flood had a(disaster)effect on the local villagers'lives. 2.The doctor said the (injure)players would need three months to recover. 4 高中必修第三册译林版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 2 Natural disasters 3.It's important to (confirmation)your flight ticket at least 24 hours in advance. 4.The storm's(destroy)power was stronger than expected,breaking many windows. 5.He looked at me (odd)when I told him about the strange noise last night 6.After the meeting,we will (procedure)to discuss the details of the plan. 7.The teacher's (confirm)of the exam date made the students start studying hard. 三、完成句子（每空一词) 1.听到这个好消息，她的脸上露出了宽慰的笑容。 Hearing the good news,a smile of on her face. 2.科学家们正在努力证实这个理论的正确性。 Scientists are trying to the of this theory 3.面对危险时，保持冷静并有序撤离非常重要。 When facing danger,it's important to stay calm and 4.这场台风对沿海地区造成了巨大的破坏。 The typhoon great the coastal areas. 四、语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连 贯。 A strong earthquake hit the city last week,causing (destroy)to many buildings.The first (react)of the local people was fear,but soon they started to help each other.Rescue teams arrived quickly and began searching for(injure)people under the ruins. To (confirmation)the safety of the survivors,doctors checked their health conditions care- fully.The government provided(relieve)goods such as food and blankets.Volunteers helped organize the distribution in an (order)way. One survivor said,"The experience was terrible,but seeing everyone work together gave me hope." (final),with everyone's efforts,the city started to recover slowly. 参考答案 I.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 6.disaster 7.procedure 8.reaction 9.relief 10.signal 5 高中必修第三册译林版 【词汇精讲】 Unit 2 Natural disasters IⅡ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.disastrous 2.injured 3.confirm 4.destructive 5.oddly 6.proceed 7.confirmation I.完成句子 1.relief appeared 2.confirm correctness 3.exit orderly 4.caused destruction to V,.语篇填空 1.destruction 2.reaction 3.injured 4.confirm 5.relief 6.orderly 7.Finally 6