Unit 2 Natural disasters（三）-2026-2027学年高中英语教材全解必修三（译林版）

Unit 2 Natural disasters 教材全解（三） destination,bar,import,expert,port,cloud-capped,ashy, 。单元核心词汇 dawn,volcano,take the form of,trunk,unbearable,break out, beyond,distance,far and wide,pattern 。单元同步语法 情态动词表推测 ⊙单元文章对话 重点句型讲练 教材同步词汇全解全练 重点1 单元词汇 l.import/Impo:t/n.进口产品；输入vt.进口，引进 词形变化：importer(n.）进口商；importation(n.)进口；imported(adj.）进口的 搭配：import sth.from…从…进口；import duty进口关税；import trade进口贸 易 辨析：import(进口)export(出口) 例句：The country imports most of its oil from the Middle East. They decided to import advanced technology to improve production. 2.export/'eksp:t/n.出口产品；输出v.出口，输出 词形变化：exporter(n.)出口商；exportation(.)出口；exported(adj.)出口的 搭配：export to·出口到·；export earnings出口收入；export--oriented出口导 向的 辨析：export(出口)~import(进口) 例句：China exports a large number of electronic products to Europe. The company's main export is agricultural machinery. 3potp3t/n.港口；港口城市 词形变化：porter(m.)搬运工；portable(adj.)便携的；airport(.)机场 搭配：port city港口城市；in port在港口停泊；free port自由港 辨析：pot侧重“港口设施”；harbor强调“避风港” 例句：Shanghai is one of the busiest ports in the world. The ship will arrive at the port tomorrow morning. 4.dawm/do:n/n.黎明，破晓；开端vi.开始；开始清楚 词形变化：dawn on/upon sb.某人开始明白（固定搭配） 搭配：at dawn在黎明；from dawn to dusk从早到晚；the dawn of·…的开端 口诀：dawm作名词“黎明”，作动词“明白” 例句：The truth suddenly dawned on him, They set off at dawn to avoid the traffic. 5.volcano/wol'keineu/n.火山 词形变化：volcanic(adj.)火山的；volcanically(adv.)火山地 搭配：active volcano活火山；dormant volcano休眠火山；extinct volcano死火山 辨析：volcano指自然火山；eupt指喷发 例句：The volcano erupted after hundreds of years of silence. Volcanic ash covered the whole village. 6.nbearable/An'bearabl/adj.难耐的，无法忍受的 词形变化：bear(w.)忍受；bearable(ad.）可忍受的；unbearably(adv.)无法忍 受地 搭配：unbearable pain无法忍受的疼痛；unbearable heat酷热难耐 反义词：bearable 例句：The heat in the desert was unbearable. She found the loneliness unbearable after her husband left. 7.break out突然开始，爆发 搭配：break out in(spots/a sweat)突然起（疹子/大汗）；break out of逃脱 辨析：break out(战争、疾病、火灾等爆发)；happen(发生，中性)；occur(发 生，较正式) 例句：A fire broke out in the factory last night. The economic crisis broke out in 2008 8.beyond /bI'jpnd/adv.在更远处prep.超出；无法；晚于 搭配：beyond belief难以置信；beyond repair无法修复；beyond one's reach够 不着 辨析：beyond(超出范围/能力)：within(在范围内) 例句：The scenery is beyond description. The problem is beyond my understanding. 9.pattern/'petn/n.图案；模式；范例 词形变化：patterned(adj.)有图案的；patternless(adj.)无模式的 搭配：follow a pattern遵循模式；change one's pattern改变模式；weather pattern 天气模式 辨析：pattern强调“规律/样式”；model强调“范本” 例句：This dress has a beautiful f1 ower pattern. We need to change our eating patterns to stay healthy. l0.rescue/resu:/n.&vt.救援，营救 词形变化：rescuer(n.)救援者；rescue operation救援行动 搭配：come to one's rescue来救某人；rescue sb.fiom…从…营救某人 辨析：rescue侧重“从危险中救出”；save广义“拯救/节约”；survive幸存 例句：The firefighters rescued the child from the burning building. A rescue team was sent immediately after the earthquake. 考点通关 单元词汇 (一)单句填空（用所给词的适当形式填空） 1.The country (import)a large amount of grain from Canada every year. 2.This company is one of the leading (export)of electronic products. 3.The ship is expected to arrive at the (port)by Friday. 4.It suddenly (dawn)on me that I had left the key at home. 5.The (volcano)eruption caused massive damage to the nearby villages. 6.The heat in the room was so (bear)that we had to open the windows. 7.A quarrel (break)out between the two drivers over a minor accident. 8.The beauty of the sunset is (beyond)description. 9.Scientists are studying the changing weather (pattern)in this area. 10.The police conducted a successful (rescue)of the trapped miners. 11.He tried his best to (export)local fruits to foreign markets. 12.We should never give up,even when the situation seems (bear) 13.The truth (dawn)on him after he read the letter again. 14.The fire (break)out at midnight,but luckily no one was hurt. 15.The view from the top was (beyond)beliefit was like a dream. (二)短文填空 In modern trade,many countries 1. raw materials and 2. finished goods.Goods are often shipped through major 3. around the world However,natural disasters sometimes 4. out without warning.For example,a eruption can cause 6. heat and destroy everything in its path. 7. teams must work quickly and efficiently. The 8. of a new day often brings hope,but the damage left by disasters can be 9. description.Scientists try to understand the 10. of volcanic activity to predict future eruptions. 参考答案 1.imports;2.exporters;3.port;4.dawned;5.volcanic;6.unbearable;7.broke; (一)单句填空 8.beyond;9.patterns;10.rescue;11.export;12.unbearable;13.dawned; 14.broke;15.beyond (二)短文填空 1.import;2.export;3.ports;4.break;5.volcanic;6.unbearable;7.Rescue; 8.dawn;9.beyond;10.patterns 教材同步语法全解全练 重点1 情态动词表推测 情态动词表推测 项目 内容 情态动词表推测，指用情态动词表达说话人对某件事情发生可能性的判断 定义 或猜测，语气从强到弱分为：肯定推测（一定）、否定推测（不可能）、 可能推测（也许、可能）。 表示”一定…”。 ①must+动词原形：对现在情况的肯定推测（把握极大）。例：He must 肯定推测 be at home.②must+be+现在分词：对正在发生动作的推测。例： They must be playing basketball now.③must have+过去分词：对过去 情况的肯定推测。例：She must have finished her homework. 表示”不可能…”。 ①cant/couldn't+动词原形：对现在情况的否定推测。例：That can't 否定推测 be true.②can't/couldn't+be+现在分词：对正在发生动作的否定推 测。例：He can't be sleeping now..③can't/couldn't have+过去分词： 对过去情况的否定推测。例：She can't have left so early. 表示”可能/也许…”。 ①may/might+动词原形：对现在或未来的可能性推测(might语气更 可能推测 弱)。例：It may rain later.②may/might+be+现在分词：对正在发 生动作的可能性推测。例：He may be reading in the library.③may/ might have+过去分词：对过去情况的可能性推测。例：She might have missed the bus. 其他表推测的情态动词。 ①could+动词原形：表示"可能”，比may/might语气更不确定。例： 其他情态动词The news could be false..②should/ought to+动词原形：表示”按理应 该”（推测依据常理）。例：He should be at work by now.③needn't have +过去分词：表示”本不必做”（不是推测，而是虚拟，注意区分）。 常见句型与标志词。 ①肯定句：主语+must/may/might/could/should+动词原形/ 常见句型 be+现在分词/have+过去分词。②否定句：主语+cant/couldn't /may not/might not+动词原形/be+现在分词/have+过去分 词。③疑问句：Canm/Cold/May/Might+主语+动词原形？（推测 疑问常用于一般疑问句)。 must表示推测时，否定形式必须用can't,而不能用mustn't(mustn't表 注意 禁止)。 考点通关 情态动词表推测 语法专练一：单项选择(8题) 1.You look tired.You have stayed up too late last night. A,must B.can't C.may D.should 2.-Listen!Someone is singing next door.-It be Lucy.She is away on holiday. A.must B.can't C.may D.should 3.The ground is wet.It have rained last night. A.must B.can't C.could D.should 4.-Where is Tom?-He be in the library.I'm not sure. A.must B.can't C.might D.should 5.He have finished the project already;he only started yesterday. A.must B.can't C.may D.ought to 6.-Look!The light is on in his room.-He be at home.But I'm not certain. A.must B.can't C.could D.need 7.The teacher be very strict,because all students are afraid of him. A.must B.can't C.might D.could 8.-I saw Mary in the library this morning.-That be true.She is in Shanghai now. A.must B.can't C.may D.should 语法专练二：语法填空(10题) 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.You look pale.You be ill. 2.-Whose book is this?-It belong to John.It has his name on it. 3.She have gone to Beijing yesterday;I saw her at the store just now. 4.-I didn't see Tom at the party.-He have been busy with his work. 5.The door is locked.We get in without a key. 6.He is an hour late.He have taken the wrong bus. 7.-Is the weather going to be fine tomorrow?-It be sunny;the forecast says so. 8.You have told him the news earlier.He is very worried now. 9.I think the answer be A,but I'm not 100%sure. 10.They have finished the work by now,because they started early. 参考答案 语法专练一：单项选择 1.A;2.B;3.A;4.C;5.B;6.C;7.A;8.B 1.must;2.must;3.can't;4.might;5.can't;6.should; 语法专练二：语法填空 7.may;8.should;9.might;10.could 教材同步文章句型精讲 重点句型 Natural Disasters The purpose of this information folder is to provide clear,step-by-step instructions on how to respond to different types of natural disasters,from earthquakes to floods. 结构：主语+is+to do sth. 中文：这个信息文件夹的目的是提供清晰的逐步指导。 用法：不定式短语在系动词后作表语，说明主语的内容或目的。 注意：不能直接用动名词代替不定式。 Compiled with input from emergency services experts,it includes essential information on first aid,evacuation procedures and how to prepare an emergency kit. 结构：过去分词短语+主句（主语+谓语》 中文：由专家汇编而成，它包含了急救和疏散程序的重要信息。 用法：过去分词短语位于句首作状语，逻辑主语为主句主语，且为被动关系。 What makes this folder so valuable is its focus on practical,easy-to-follow advice that can be used by anyone,regardless of their level of training. 结构：What+从句+is+表语 中文：使这个文件夹如此有价值的是它注重实用的、易于遵循的建议。 用法：wht引导的从句在句中作主语，谓语动词用单数。 It is designed to be kept in a safe,accessible place,so that families and communities can quickly access the information they need in the event of a disaster. 结构：主句+so that+从句（常含情态动词） 中文：它被设计放在安全易取的地方，以便家庭和社区能够快速获取信息。 用法：so that表示“为了，以便”，从句通常有情态动词。 This project has taught me that being prepared is the best way to protect ourselves and our loved ones from the impact of natural disasters. 结构：V-ing形式+谓语动词（单数） 中文：做好准备是保护我们自己和我们所爱之人的最好方法。 用法：动名词短语作主语，表示一个行为或状态，谓语用单数。 In conclusion,this information folder is a vital resource for anyone who wants to be ready for whatever nature may bring,ensuring that we are not caught off guard when disaster strikes. 结构：介词+连接词+主语+谓语（陈述语序） 中文：我们必须为大自然可能带来的任何情况做好准备。 用法：介词后面可以跟宾语从句，从句必须用陈述语序。 考点通关 文章句型 练习一：完成句子（用所给词的适当形式填空) 1.The goal of the folder is (help)people react quickly. 2. (design)by experts,the guide covers all major disasters. 3. (make)the folder so valuable is its hands-on advice. 4.Keep the folder in a visible place that you can find it easily.(月so.) 5. (be)ready for emergencies is a responsibility for everyone. 6.We must prepare for (whatever)may happen in the future. 7.The folder includes instructions on (evacuate)safely. 6 (compile)properly,the information is easy to understand. 9.The teacher recommended that we (practice)first aid drills. 10.This experience taught me that (stay)calm helps save lives. 练习二：翻译句子（在横线上写出完整句子） 1.这个信息文件夹的目的是提供清晰的逐步指导。 2.由专家汇编而成，它包含了急救和疏散程序的重要信息。 3.使这个文件夹如此有价值的是它注重实用的、易于遵循的建议。 4. 它被设计放在安全易取的地方，以便家庭和社区能够快速获取信息。 5.做好准备是保护我们自己和我们所爱之人的最好方法。 6.我们必须为大自然可能带来的任何情况做好准备。 7.这个文件夹确保我们在灾难发生时不会措手不及。 8.无论训练水平如何，任何人都可以使用这份实用建议。 9.在紧急情况下快速获取所需信息非常重要。 10.这个项目教会我，提前计划是减少风险的关键。 参考答案 1.to help;2.Designed;3.What makes;4.so that;5.Being; 练习一：完成句子 6.whatever;7.how to evacuate;8.Compiled;9.(should) practice;10.staying 练习二：翻译句子 1.The purpose of this information folder is to provide clear,step- by-step instructions.2.Compiled by experts,it includes essential information on first aid and evacuation procedures.; 3.What makes this folder so valuable is its focus on practical, easy-to-follow advice.;4.It is designed to be kept in a safe, accessible place so that families and communities can quickly access the information.5.Being prepared is the best way to protect ourselves and our loved ones.;6.We must be ready for whatever nature may bring.7.This folder ensures that we are not caught off guard when disaster strikes.;8.Anyone can use this practical advice,regardless of their level of training.9.It is very important to quickly access the information you need in an emergency.;10.This project has taught me that planning ahead is the key to reducing risks 教材同步单元练习 一、阅读理解 Passage A The idea that animals possess a"sixth sense"for natural disasters has long been a subject of fascination Tales of dogs refusing to go outside before an earthquake,or elephants fleeing to higher ground before a tsunami,have been passed down through generations.While these stories are compelling,the scientific evidence for a specific,preternatural ability remains debated.However,recent research suggests that instead of a mystical power,animals may simply be using their superior biological senses to detect early, subtle environmental cues that humans miss. For instance,birds and insects are acutely sensitive to changes in barometric pressure,which can signal significant shifts in weather patterns,including hurricanes.Similarly,animals like moles and fish can detect low-frequency vibrations known as infrasound,which travel through the earth before an earthquake or an underwater volcanic eruption.This is not a magical warning,but a physical one.A 2015 study on a farm in Italy monitoring animal activity before a series of earthquakes found that toads,birds, and other creatures began exhibiting agitated and unusual behaviors days before the main seismic events Crucially,the animals did not react to every small tremor,but only to those that preceded larger quakes, suggesting they were perceiving a slowly-building pre-quake"signal. However,the application of this knowledge for disaster prediction is fraught with challenges.The natural environment is incredibly noisy.A change in animal behavior could be tiggered by a nearby predator,a change in food availability,or a shift in temperature,as easily as by an impending earthquake.To use animals as reliable disaster waming systems,we would need to create complex,species-specific behavior baselines and account for all these confounding variables.Furthermore,ethical concerns arise:should we keep animals in a constant state of observation in the wild,potentially disturbing their natural life cycles? Instead ofrelying on a single animal behavior,scientists are now focusing on integrating biological data streams with traditional seismic and meteorological instruments.By cross-referencing unusual animal behavior with geophysical data,a more comprehensive and accurate early waming system could potentially be developed.This multidisciplinary approach may not prove that animals have a"sixth sense,"but it does validate the idea that they are more in tune with the planet's subtle signals than we are. The challenge for science is not to explain a mystery,but to translate their superior senses into data we can understand and act upon. ()1.What is the main purpose of the first paragraph? A.To introduce the myth of a sixth sense in animals. B.To present a scientific consensus on animal abilities. C.To argue against the idea of animals predicting disasters. D.To contrast traditional beliefs with current scientific understanding. ()2.According to the passage,what did the 2015 study in Italy reveal? A.Animals reacted only to major earthquakes,not minor ones. B.Toads were the only creatures to show unusual behavior. C.Animals could predict the exact time of an earthquake. D.The behavior change was triggered by a 'pre-quake"wave. ()3.The word "fraught"in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to A.full B.simple C.proven D.free ()4.What is the scientists'cumrent approach regarding animal behavior and disaster prediction? A.Using it as the primary warning system B.Dismissing it as unreliable and unscientific. C.Combining it with other data for better accuracy. D.Debating whether it is a"sixth sense"or a myth Passage B The scene is a familiar one in the satellite images of a major hurricane:a moving,cloudy spiral,hundreds of miles wide,slowly swirling its way across the ocean.Below,the ocean's surface is chumning under the influence of this meteorological giant.But the hurricane's impact doesn't stop at the water's surface While we often focus on the devastation it causes to human lives and infrastructure,a hurricane can fundamentally change the geography of the coastlines and the ocean floor. The primary mechanism for this underwater transformation is sheer force and erosion.As a huricane's powerful winds blow over the ocean,they generate massive waves,some reaching over 50 feet in height. These are not ordinary waves that crash and dissipate on the beach.They are high-energy torrents that pound the seafloor with incredible force.This can carve deep channels,known as "scour marks,"several hundred meters across,in the sand and sediment of the continental shelf.Furthermore,the process can reshape entire underwater sand dunes,moving vast amounts of sediment from one location to another.In 2005,Hurricane Katrina is believed to have shifted three to four feet of sand from the top of some underwater sandbars to their sides,permanently altering the underwater landscape. This movement of sediment has profound consequences.For one,it can damage critical submarine infrastructure like oil and gas pipelines,communication cables,and underwater internet cables,which are not designed to be moved by the force of a storm.More significantly,the turbulent waters and remobilized sediment can smother delicate ecosystems.Coral reefs,seahorse habitats,and the nurseries of countless fish species are particularly vulnerable.The thick,muddy water also blocks sunlight,killing essential seagrass beds and phytoplankton,which form the base of the marine food web. The damage can be long-lasting.In many cases,it may take years for the seafloor to stabilize and for the benthic communities (the life forms at the bottom of the ocean)to recover to their pre-hurricane state.The impact is not isolated to the immediate path of the storm.These powerful,wave-driven currents can extend deep into the ocean,affecting areas far from the coastline.Understanding this hidden dimension of storm damage is crucial for effective coastal zone management and for predicting the long-term health of our oceans.As climate change potentially increases the intensity of huricanes,this underwater impact, which remains largely out of sight,is a growing concem. ()1.What is the main topic of the passage? A.The formation of huricanes over the ocean. B.The impact of hunicane waves on the sea floor. C.The effect of hurricanes on marine wildlife only D.The recovery process after a hurricane ()2.According to the passage,what are"scour marks'? A.Large waves generated by a hurricane. B.Deep channels carved into the seafloor. C.Areas where sand dunes are formed. D.Damaged sections of submarine cables ()3.Why is the damage to underwater ecosystems considered long-lasting? A.Because the water becomes permanently muddy. B.Because the recovery of seafloor life takes years C.Because cables and pipelines are hard to repair. D.Because hunicanes hit the same area repeatedly. ()4.The author's attitude towards the topic can best be described as A.alarmed and dismissive B.critical and skeptical C.neutral and objective D.concemned and analytical 二、完形填空 When the first tremors of the earthquake hit,Maya was in her kitchen.The shaking was mild at first,a gentle rocking that could have been a passing truck.But within seconds,it(1) into a violent, roaring force.Her china cabinet crashed to the floor,and a wall clock flew off its hook and shattered against the wall.Without a second thought,she(2) under the sturdy kitchen table,the spot they had practiced in countless family drills.She could hear the deafening roar of the building (3) around her. It felt like an etemnity,but in reality,the main shock lasted less than a minute.When the shaking finally (4) a thick silence fell,broken only by the sound of a distant car alarm and the drip of a broken water pipe.Maya cautiously emerged from under the table.The house was a scene of(5) Books,glass,and plaster were scattered everywhere.Dust hung heavy in the air. Her first instinct was to find her phone.It was on the counter,(6) a fallen bookshelf.With trembling hands,she called her husband,Dan,who was at work.He was safe,but his voice was thick with wory.The (7) of his voice,however,gave Maya a surge of strength.She knew she had to act. Following their family emergency plan,she grabbed the"go-bag"they kept by the back door.It was a heavy backpack filled with a flashlight,first-aid kit,water,non-perishable food,and a whistle Remembering the crucial "Drop,Cover,and Hold On"(8) she realized how lucky she was. As she stepped outside,the street was a chaotic mix of cracked asphalt,toppled trees,and fightened neighbors The true test of their preparedness,however,was still to come.For the next 72 hours,they lived without power or running water.The days were filled with the(9) fear of aftershocks.But the family go-bag'was a lifeline.The water and food helped them ration supplies,while the(10) allowed them to signal for help if needed.This experience taught Maya a lesson she would never forget:Being prepared isn't about eliminating fear,it's about having the tools and the plan to (11) 1.A.slipped B.settled C.transformed D.shrank 2.A.dived B.crawled C.slid D.climbed 3.A.strengthening B.disappearing C.trembling D.collapsing 4.A.arrived B.passed C.ceased D.approached 5.A.beauty B.destruction C.silence D.peace 6.A.beyond B.behind C.above D.through 7.A.calm B.sound C.tone D.panic 8.A.procedure B.experiment C.principle D.pattern 9.A.constant B.occasional C.temporary D.slight 10.A.map B.blanket C.knife D.whistle 11.A.avoid B.confront C.escape D.ignore 三、阅读短文回答问题 Read the following passage and answer the questions in complete sentences.Note:Each answer should not exceed 10 words. The 2011 TAhoku earthquake and tsunami in Japan was a stark reminder of the power of nature.A magnitude 9.0 earthquake,one of the most powerful ever recorded,struck off the coast,generating a massive tsunami that inundated over 500 square kilometers of land.The disaster caused catastrophic damage,leading to nearly 20,000 deaths.This event significantly changed Japan's approach to disaster management,forcing a national reassessment ofits strategies. The most immediate change was a comprehensive strengthening of the nation's early warning system. Japan already had one of the most sophisticated systems in the world,but the 2011 event exposed gaps Alarms were issued for the earthquake,but the following tsunami's height was initially underestimated, which may have delayed some evacuations.As a result,Japan invested billions of yen in upgrading its network of seafloor sensors and GPS wave gauges,aiming to provide more accurate and rapid predictions of tsunami size and arival time.This new system,live since 2016,can now issue a more precise warning within minutes of an earthquake. Beyond technology,the disaster spurred a fundamental shift in the national mindset.The concept of self help and mutual aid became as central as public assistance.Community-based disaster drills became far more common and serious.Local governments began designating and strengthening evacuation shelters and routes,and storing more emergency supplies.The idea of a"disaster-prepared mother"entered popular culture,encouraging families to prepare their own emergency kits and have a clear family evacuation plan. Insurance companies also re-evaluated their policies.The immense economic loss of 2011,estimated at over $200 billion,led to significant reforms in how earthquake and tsunami insurance is sold and priced. The government established a new system to better manage the financial risk of such catastrophic events, creating a shared responsibility between the state and private insurers to ensure funds are available for recovery. The tragedy forced a harsh lesson.While technology is a vital tool,a tuly resilient society is built on layers of preparedness:accurate science,a prepared public,strong community bonds,and a solid financial safety net.The disaster did not just change Japan's infrastructure,it changed its culture. 1.What did the sensors initially fail to predict accurately in 2011? 2.Besides technology,what new concept became central in Japan's mindset? 3.How did the disaster affect Japanese community-based disaster drills? 4.In what way did the insurance policies change after the event? 5.According to the passage,what is the key to building a truly resilient society? 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入I个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When a volcano (1) occurs,the initial explosion can be sudden and violent.The first waming is often a deep,growling roar from the earth,followed by a column of ash and smoke that shoots miles into the sky.This ash cloud,which can drift for thousands of kilometers,poses a major threat to aviation and can cause respiratory problems.The main danger on the ground,however,is often not lava but a pyroclastic flow-a fast-moving,superheated current of gas and volcanic matter that can race down the mountain's slopes,(2) everything in its path The effects of a volcanic eruption can be far-reaching and long-lasting.While the immediate area near the volcano becomes an (3) wasteland of rock and ash,the economic and social impact extends much (4) (beyond)Fertile farmlands can be buried under meters of ash for years,rendering them useless.The cost of(5) and rebuilding efforts can be crippling for a country. However,from this destruction,new life emerges.Over time,the volcanic ash weathers into some of the most nutrient-nich soil on Earth.This geological (6) explains why many ancient civilizations chose to live close to volcanoes,farming the fertile slopes.Today,scientists monitor volcanoes carefully, using technology to detect any signs of imminent(7) They know that while the risk is high, so is the reward for those who learn to live with these powerful geological forces.The key is preparation and(8) on the signs of danger. One of the most critical tools for this is a monitoring network.(9) from data collected by seismometers and GPS,scientists can create models that predict potential eruption sites.The goal is not to stop the eruption,but to understand its behavior(10) that communities can be evacuated in time 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 7. 8. 9. 10. 五、写作 假设你是李华。你的英国笔友Tom在来信中提到，他所在的学校正在开展一个关于&#x201c,自 然灾害与人类应对&x201d,的课题研究。他想了解你所在的社区或城市是如何进行防灾准备 的。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括： 1.你们社区常见的自然灾害： 2.社区采取的防灾措施（至少两点)： 3.你的想法或建议。 注意： 1.词数120-150； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯： 3.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。 Dear Tom, I'm glad to hear about your school project on natural disasters.It's a vital topic to discuss. Yours, Li Hua 参考答案 Passage A:1.D 2.D3.A4.C 一、 阅读理解 Passage B:5.B6.B 7.B 8.D 二、完形填空1.C,2.A,3.D,4.C,5.B,6.B,7.B,8.A;9.A;10.D,11.B 1.The height of the tsunami 2.Self-help and mutual aid. 三、阅读短文 回答问题 3.They became more common and serious. 4.They were reformed on how insurance is sold/priced. 5.Layers of preparedness. 1.volcanic 2.destroying 3.unbearable 4.beyond 5.rescue 6.pattern 7.eruption 8. 四、短文填空 dawning 9.Compiled 10.so 五、写作 范文： Dear Tom, I'm glad to hear about your school project on natural disasters.It's a vital topic to discuss. Living in a southeastern coastal city,our community is most threatened by typhoons and the heavy flooding they bring.To prepare,our community has implemented several effective measures.First,we have a well-organized emergency waming system that sends instant alerts via text messages and loudspeakers,giving us precious time to secure our homes.Second,we conduct annual disaster drills where residents learn to identify the safest evacuation routes and shelters.Every household is also encouraged to prepare an"emergency kit"containing food,water,and a first-aid box. In my opinion,public awareness is the most critical weapon against disasters.It's not enough to have the resources,people must know how to use them.A prepared community is a resilient community,and this responsibility starts with each individual. Yours, Li Hua