Unit 2 Natural disasters（二）-2026-2027学年高中英语教材全解必修三（译林版）

Unit 2 Natural disasters 教材全解（二） pole inform hurricane conference shock scare 。单元核心词汇 power run out of supply donate charity staff slide fund;flood等 。单元同步语法 时态和语态综合 ⑦单元文章对话 重点句型讲练 教材同步词汇全解全练 重点1 单元词汇 l.inform /In'fo:m/vt.了解，熟悉；通知 词形变化：informer(n.)告密者；information(.)信息；informative(adj.)提供 信息的：informal(adj.)非正式的 辨析：inform sb.of/about sth.通知某人某事；keep sb.informed让某人随时了解 搭配：inform the police报警；well-informed消息灵通的 例句：Please inform us of any changes in your schedule. The newspaper keeps readers informed of the latest events. 2.shock /fok/n.震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动；vt.使震惊 词形变化：shocked(adj.)震惊的；shocking(adj.)令人震惊的；shockingly (adwv.)令人震惊地 辨析：shock强调突然的、强烈的冲击；surprise侧重意外；astonish语气更强 搭配：in shock处于震惊状态；electric shock触电；cultural shock文化冲击 例句：The news of the earthquake shocked the whole country. To my shock,he refused to help his own brother 3.scare./ske3(r)/vt.&vi.惊吓，害怕；n.恐慌；惊吓 词形变化：scared(adj.)害怕的；scay(adj.)吓人的 辨析：scare常用于口语，指使某人突然害怕；frighten更正式；terrify语气最重 搭配：scare away/off吓跑；scare sb.into doing sth.吓得某人做某事；scare up设 法凑齐 例句：The loud noise scared the children into crying I'm scared of walking alone in the dark. 4.supply /s'pla/n.补给，补给品；供应；供应量，储备；vt.供应，供给，提供 词形变化：supplier(n.)供应商；supply(n.&v.)同形；supplies(.复数)补给 品 辨析：supply强调持续提供；provide常用搭配provide sb..ith sth.;offer强调主 动给予 搭配：supply electricity供电；water supply供水；supply and demand供求关系； in short supply供应不足 例句：The company supplies food to the local school. Emergency supplies were sent to the flood victims. 5.donate/dau'nert/vt.捐赠，赠送；（献血） 词形变化：donation(n.)捐赠物；捐赠；donor(n.)捐赠者 辨析：donate通常指无偿捐赠金钱、物品或器官；contribute可指贡献时间、意见 等 搭配：donate blood献血；donate money to charity捐款给慈善机构 例句：Many people donated clothes to the victims of the hurricane. The famous singer donated all the profits to the children's hospital 6.slide/slard/vt.幻灯；降低，下滑；山崩；vi.&vt.滑行；逐渐陷入 词形变化：sliding(adj.)滑动的；slide(m.)滑动；幻灯片 辨析：slide强调在光滑表面上平稳滑动；slip强调失去平衡滑倒；glide强调优雅 无声的移动 搭配：slide into悄悄滑入；逐渐陷入；slide show幻灯片放映；let sth.slide对某事 放任不管 例句：The economy began to slide into recession. He slid the drawer open quietly. 7.eupt'rApt/vi.&vt.(火山)爆发；突然发生 词形变化：eruption(m.)爆发；eruptive(adj.)爆发的 辨析：eupt常用于火山或暴力事件；explode多指爆炸；break out指战争、疾病等 爆发 搭配：erupt in/into爆发成；volcanic eruption火山爆发 例句：The volcano erupted after decades of silence.. Violence erupted in the streets after the football match. 8.unearth/An'30/vt.使出土，挖掘，发掘；发现，找到 词形变化：unearthing(m.)发掘；unearthed(adj.)出土的 搭配：unearth a fossil发掘化石；unearth the truth揭露真相 辨析：unearth强调从地下挖出或通过努力发现隐藏的事物；discover更通用 例句：Archaeologists unearthed an ancient Roman city. The journalist unearthed a scandal involving the politician. 9.otherwise/'AowaIz/adv.否则，不然；除此之外 词形变化：无 搭配：or otherwise或以其他方式；otherwise than不同于 辨析：otherwise可作副词或连词；or else也表否则，但语气更强 例句：We must finish the work today;otherwise,we'll be punished.. He is a bit strange but otherwise very kind. 10.curious/'kjueries/adj.好奇的；奇特的 词形变化：curiosity(n.)好奇心；好奇；curiously(adv.)好奇地 搭配：be curious about对…好奇；curious to do sth.急于做某事；curious coincidence奇妙的巧合 辨析：curious中性或褒义，指求知欲；nosy贬义，爱管闲事 例句：Children are naturally curious about everything around them. I'm curious to know what happened at the conference. 1l.power/paa(r)/n.电；电力；权力；政权；能力；能量；力量 词形变化：powerful(adj.）强大的；powerless(adj.）无力的；empower(w.)授权 搭配：come into power掌权；solar power太阳能；power cut停电；power station 发电站 辨析：power可指各种力量；strength指体力或强度；energy指精力或能源 例句：The storm cut off the power supply to the city. Knowledge is power. 12.un out of /ran aut pv/短语.用完，耗尽 词形变化：无；run out(vi.)被用完 辨析：un out of+宾语，主语是人；un out(不及物主语是物；use up也可 用，但更正式 搭配：un out of patience失去耐心；un out of time时间用光 例句：We have run out of food and water after the hurricane.. The battery in the flashlight ran out. 考点通关 单元词汇 (一)单句填空（用所给词的适当形式填空） 1.Please keep me (inform)of the latest development of the project. 2.The news of the accident (shock)everyone present. 3.The sudden noise (scare)the birds away from the tree. 4.The government (supply)food and medicine to the flooded area last week. 5.Many volunteers (donate)blood to the hospital after the earthquake. 6.The old man (slide)down the icy slope and hurt his leg 7.The volcano (erupt)suddenly,covering the village with ash. 8.The archaeologists (unearth)an ancient tomb under the field. 9.You'd better take an umbrella; (otherwise),you'll get wet. 10.The little girl is (curious)about the strange sound coming from the basement. 11.The storm caused a (power)cut that lasted for hours. 12.We have (run out of)petrol,so we have to walk to the nearest gas station. 13.The information (inform)by the witness was very important. 14.She was (shock)when she heard the news of her friend's accident. 15.The (scare)dog ran away as soon as it saw the stranger. (二)短文填空 After a terrible flood,the whole village was in a state of 1. Many families 2 food and clean water.To help,the local organization began to 3. daily necessities to the victims.Meanwhile,people from other cities 4. clothes and money.A young man was 5. _to know how the disaster happened,so he the cause by interviewing several survivors.Experts warned that if the volcano nearby 7. again,the damage would be worse.Everyone was advised to stay 8. of the latest news.9. they might face greater danger.The government also sent 10. generators to restore the 11. supply.The sudden noise 12. many residents,and some even 13. into panic. 参考答案 1.informed;2.shocked;3.scared;4.supplied;5.donated;6.slid;7.erupted; (一)单句填空 8.unearthed;9.otherwise;10.curious;11.power,12.run out of 13.informed; 14.shocked;15.scared (二)短文填空 1.shock;2.run out of;3.supply;4.donated;5.curious;6.unearthed;7.erupted; 8.informed;9.Otherwise;10.power;11.power;12.scared;13.slid 教材同步语法全解全练 重点1 时态和语态综合 时态和语态综合 项目 内容 一般现在时 表示经常性、习惯性动作或客观事实 一般过去时 表示过去发生的动作或状态 一般将来时 表示将来发生的动作(wll/be going to) 现在进行时表示说话时正在进行的动作 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作 现在完成时表示过去发生并延续至今或对现在有影响的动作 过去完成时表示“过去的过去”发生的动作 过去将来时表示从过去某个时间看将要发生的动作(would/was/were going to). 一般现在时 am/is/are done (被动) 一般过去时 was/were done (被动) 一般将来时 will be done (被动) 现在完成时 has/have been done (被动) 过去完成时 had been done (被动) 含有情态动词 (被动) 情态动词+be+done 根据时间状语判断时态（如yesterday,now,soon,already,since,by+过去 要点1 时间等)。 要点2 主动与被动选择：主语是动作执行者用主动，主语是动作承受者用被动。 注意时态与语态结合时的动词形式，特别是完成时与被动语态中的过去分 要点3 词。 高中常见易混点：一般过去时与现在完成时的区别；过去完成时必须有 要点4 “过去的过去”参照时间；被动语态中be动词不可遗漏，且要和主语 致。 例句1 The meeting has been postponed.(现在完成被动：会议已被推迟。) 例句2 I was reading when he came in.(过去进行时：他进来时我正在读书。) 例句3 The house will be built next year.(一般将来被动：房子明年将被建造。) 例句4 By the time we arived,the film had already begun.(过去完成时：当我们 到达时，电影已经开始了。) 考点通关 时态和语态综合 语法专练一：时态语态综合选择题(8题) 1.-Why didn't you answer my call yesterday?-I a shower at that time A.had taken B.was taking C.have taken D.took 2.The new bridge by the end of next year. A.completes B.will complete C.is completed D.will be completed 3.-Look！Someone the window.-Oh,really?I'll ask Tom to fix it. A.broke B.has broken C.was breaking D.had broken 4.Since I came to this school,I great progress in English. A.make B.made C.have made D.had made 5.The experiment successfully before we left the lab. A.finished B.was finished C.had finished D.had been finished 6.If you to the party tomorrow,I'll go with you. A.go B.will go C.went D.have gone 7.It is said that the ancient temple in the Ming dynasty. A.is built B.was built C.has been built D.had been built 8.-Have you ever been to the new library?-No,but I there next week. A.go B.went C.have gone D.am going 语法专练二：时态语态综合语法填空(10题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.A new library in our town last year. 2.It by a famous architect. 3.So far,thousands of books for readers. 4.Every day,many students to read and study. 5.I it twice since it opened. 6.Yesterday,when I there was a lecture. 7.The lecture in the meeting room. 8.The speaker about how to use digital resources. 9.I believe more activities in the future. 10.If you haven't been there yet,you to go. 参考答案 语法专练一：时态语态综合1.B;2.D;3,B;4.C:5.D;6A;7.B:8.D 选择题 1.was built;2.was designed;3.have been collected; 语法专练二：时态语态综合 4.come;5.have visited;6.arrived;7.was being held;8.was 语法填空 talking;9.will be organized;10.are encouraged 教材同步文章句型精讲 重点句型 Pompeii What makes this excerpt so powerful is the way it captures the panic and despair of the people of Pompeii. 结构：What+谓语+is+其他 中文：使这个片段如此震撼的是它捕捉了庞贝人民的恐慌与绝望。 用法：What引导的主语从句在句中作主语，谓语动词用单数。从句必须使用陈述语 序。常见结构：What+主语+谓语+be+名词/从句。 It is the eerie preservation of Pompeii that allows us to step back in time. 结构：Itis/was+被强调部分+that+其他部分 中文：正是庞贝的奇异保存让我们能够回到过去。 用法：强调人时，that可换为who;强调物或事时，只能用that。被强调部分可以是主 语、宾语、状语，但不能是谓语动词。判断方法：去掉Itis/was..that后，剩下的部 分仍是一个完整句子。 Having ignored the warning signs of the impending eruption,many residents were trapped in the city. 结构：Having+过去分词，主句 中文：由于忽视了即将喷发的预警信号，许多居民被困在了城里。 用法：表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前。逻辑主语必须与主句主语一致。常表原 因或时间，可转换为After/Because+从句。 By learning from the past,we can better protect ourselves from the forces of nature. 结构：By+doing,主句 中文：通过从过去学习，我们能更好地保护自己免受自然力量的伤害。 用法：by在此表示“通过…方式/手段”，后接动名词。与through doing类似，但 by更强调手段。可置于句首或句末。 Although Pompeii was lost forever,its story has inspired countless people to prepare for natural disasters. 结构：A1 though/Though+从句，主句 中文：尽管庞贝永远消失了，它的故事激励了无数人为自然灾害做准备。 用法：although和though不能与but连用，但可与yet/stil1连用。从句可以放在主句前 或后。as引导的倒装让步状语从句是高考高频考点。 In 79 AD,the ancient Roman city of Pompeii was buried under a thick layer of ash and lava. 结构：主语+be(时态)+过去分词+(by+动作执行者) 中文：公元79年，古罗马城市庞贝被掩埋在厚厚的火山灰和熔岩之下。 用法：强调动作的承受者，而非执行者。高考常考：be+done的时态变化。注意：有 些动词没有被动形式（如happen,occur,belong to)。 its story has inspired countless people to study and to prepare for natural disasters. 结构：主语+inspire/encourage/allow/force+sb+to do sth. 中文：它的故事激励了无数人去研究和准备自然灾害。 用法：动词后面接不定式作宾语补足语，表示“促使某人做某事”。常见动词： allow,permit,advise,,encourage,inspire,force,require等。注意：make,let,have后接 不带to的不定式。 考点通关 文章句型 1.What (impress)us most is the suddenness of the disaster. 2.It was the ash that (preserve)the city for centuries. 3. (ignore)the signs,the residents were caught off guard. 4.By (take)early action,we can reduce losses. 5.Although the city (lose)forever,its story lives on. 6.The volcano (erupt)violently in 79 AD. 7.The book encourages readers (think)about the power of nature. 8. (learn)from the past is the first step toward safety. 9.The scene of frozen bodies (be)extremely moving. 10.Historians study the ruins (understand)ancient life. 练习二：翻译句子（在横线上写出完整句子） 1.使庞贝如此震撼的是它被完美保存的状态。 2.正是火山灰使得这座城市得以保存数千年。 3.忽视了预警信号，许多居民被困在了城里。 4.通过研究灾难，我们可以更好地保护自己。 5.尽管城市被摧毁了，它的故事仍然激励着人们。 6.庞贝城在公元79年被厚厚的火山灰掩埋。 7.这次喷发促使古代火山学家更加关注火山活动。 8.学习历史有助于我们预测未来的自然灾难。 9.火山喷发后的场景令人难忘。 10.无论未来发生什么，我们都应该从庞贝的悲剧中汲取教训。 1.impresses;2.preserved;3.Having ignored;4.taking;5.was 练习一：完成句子 lost;6.erupted;7.to think;8.Learning;9.is;10.to understand 1.What makes Pompeii so shocking is its perfect preservation. 2.It was the volcanic ash that allowed the city to be preserved for thousands of years.;3.Having ignored the warning signs,many residents were trapped in the city.;4.By studying disasters,we can better protect ourselves.;5.Although the city was destroyed, 练习二：翻译句子 its story still inspires people.;6.Pompeii was buried under a thick layer of ash in 79 AD.;7.The eruption inspired ancient volcanologists to pay more attention to volcanic activity.; 8.Learning history helps us predict natural disasters in the future.9.The scene after the volcanic eruption is unforgettable.;10.Whatever happens in the future,we should learn from the tragedy of Pompeii. 教材同步单元练习 一、阅读理解 Passage A Scientists have long known that the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD was a catastrophic event. However,a recent study reveals a hidden narrative:the eruption's devastating power may have been amplified by a series of powerful earthquakes that struck the region in the hours and days before the volcano finally blew its top. For decades,the traditional account has focused on the volcanic eruption itself,which buried the Roman city of Pompeii in a thick layer of ash and pumice.But new geological and archaeological evidence suggests that the earthquake activity leading up to the eruption was far more severe than previously thought.Researchers from the National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV)in Italy have now created a detailed timeline of the sequence of events,showing that the earthquakes significantly weakened buildings and infrastructure,making the population more vulnerable. "The inhabitants of Pompei were not simply caught off guard by a sudden volcanic eruption,"explains Dr.Valeria Fratini,lead author of the study.They experienced a terifying period of continuous and increasing seismic activity."The study,published in Nature Geoscience,analyzed the unique imprint of seismic action on the buildings in Pompeii.Instead of being buried in the initial surge of ash and gas, many of the city's most famous structures,including the Forum baths and the House of the Painters at Work,show clear signs of collapse caused by shaking rather than by the weight of volcanic debris. Furthermore,the researchers found that this pre-eruption seismicity played a crucial role in the death toll. Many people who survived the initial earthquakes may have rushed back into their damaged homes to retrieve valuables or seek shelter,only to be trapped when a subsequent,larger quake brought the buildings down.Others,already weakened by hunger and weeks of tremors,may have found it impossible to escape the city when the final,cataclysmic eruption occurred.This new understanding challenges the image of Pompeii as a city frozen in a single moment of panic.Instead,it paints a picture of a community that endured a prolonged period of torment,a slow-motion disaster that culminated in a fiery finale. ()1.What is the main finding of the recent study? A.The eruption of Mount Vesuvius was the sole cause of destruction B.Previous earthquakes greatly increased the impact of the eruption. C.Most of Pompeii's buildings were destroyed by the volcanic ash. D.The inhabitants of Pompeii successfully predicted the eruption ()2.What does the underlined word "seismicity"in paragraph 4 most probably mean? A.Volcanic eruption. B.Earthquake activity. C.Weather pattern. D.Geological structure. ()3.According to the new evidence,how did the pre-eruption earthquakes contribute to the death toll? A.They tiggered the final eruption earlier than expected B.They destroyed the roads,preventing people from escaping C.They caused buildings to collapse,trapping people inside. D.They created a landslide that buried the city entirely. ()4.What does the new understanding suggest about the tragedy of Pompeii? A.It was swift and unexpected. B.It was a prolonged and agonizing process. C.It was primarily caused by human error. D.It was a natural disaster with no warning signs. Passage B It is a common misconception that natural disasters are "natural"in the sense of being purely physical events beyond human influence.The reality is far more complex.In fact,the impact of a huricane, earthquake,or flood is often determined less by the raw power of nature and more by a set of socio- economic factors,a concept known as "social vulnerability". Social vulnerability refers to the characteristics of a person or group in terms of their ability to anticipate, cope with,resist,and recover from the impact of a natural hazard.These characteristics include poverty, lack of access to resources,poor infiastructure,social isolation,and marginalization.For instance, consider the case of Huricane Katrina in 2005.While the storm itself was a powerful natural event,the most devastating images were from low-lying,poor neighborhoods like New Orleans'Ninth Ward,where residents lacked the resources to evacuate,lived in poorly constructed housing,and had less access to information and post-disaster aid. Geography plays a role in exposure to a hazard,but social vulnerability determines who gets hit hardest. Wealthy communities on a coast can build sea walls and concrete houses;poor communities often cannot. When a flood comes,the wealthy might suffer property damage,but the poor might lose their lives.A 2019 study on the Bhola cyclone in Bangladesh concluded that while the storm impacted both rich and poor,the death toll among the poorest households was four times higher.The reason was a lack of concrete storm shelters,early wamning systems,and means of transport. This framework shifts the focus from "natural"hazards to "disasters".A hazard becomes a disaster when it interacts with a vulnerable population.The key to reducing disaster risk,therefore,is not just to predict or control natural forces,but to reduce social vulnerability.This involves building stronger infrastructure, establishing robust early wamning systems,creating inclusive evacuation plans,and fighting poverty.In essence,a "natural disaster"is not just an act of God;it is an act of inequality made visible.The goal of disaster risk reduction is to make sure that the next"natural"event does not become a human catastrophe. ()1.What is the main purpose of the article? A.To compare different types of natural disasters. B.To argue that social inequality contributes to disaster impacts. C.To explain the physical causes of Huricane Katrina. D.To criticize the lack of early warning systems. ()2.What does the example of Huricane Katrina illustrate? A.The raw power ofnature is the primary cause of death B.Wealthy people are never affected by natural disasters. C.Social vulnerability made the disaster worse for some groups. D.Evacuation plans were efficient for everyone. ()3.According to the article,what is the relationship between a hazard and a disaster? A.A hazard is the physical event,a disaster is the social outcome. B.A disaster is always a hazard for the poor. C.They are the same thing. D.Hazards can be prevented,but disasters cannot. ()4.What is the most effective way to reduce disaster risk,according to the passage? A.Focusing only on controlling the power ofnature B.Relocating all poor communities to safer areas. C.Reducing social vulnerability and building resilience. D.Building higher sea walls. 二、完形填空 My family lived in a small coastal town.When the tsunami warning came,our(1) was to get to high ground.We packed our car with emergency supplies,but as we drove,the traffic was(2) People were panicking,trying to escape.My father,a calm man,decided we(3) be better off on foot.We abandoned the car and started climbing the hill behind our house. Halfway up,I looked back.The sea was (4) pulling away from the shore in a way that felt deeply wrong.A strange,low hum filled the air.Then,on the horizon,a dark line appeared,growing taller and taller.It was a wall of water,moving with terifying speed.I felt a wave of pure,cold(5) My heart pounded against my ribs."Faster!"my mother screamed,her voice sharp with fear. My legs were burning,but I pushed on,the image of that(6)water forever etched into my mind. We reached the top,gasping for air.Below,the first wave crashed into the town(7) it was made of paper.Cars were tossed like toys,houses crumbled,and the sounds of destruction were(8) The noise was so loud,it (9) the world.I watched,frozen,as the place I called home was erased.For a moment,I was in a state of(10) unable to process what I was seeing. After the wave receded,a devastating silence(11) It was even more fiightening than the roar. The air was thick with dust and the smell of salt and mud.We(12) the rest of the day and night on the hilltop,hugging each other for warmth and comfort.We were(13) of food and water, but we had each other. The next morning,rescue helicopters finally appeared.Seeing them,I felt an overwhelming sense of relief.We had (14) The disaster had taken everything from us,but it also taught me about the fragility of life and the incredible(15) of the human spinit to survive 1.A.target B.instinct C.ambition D.mission 2.A.flowing B.moving C.crawling D.rushing 3.A.would B.could C.should D.must 4.A.rising B.retreating C.changing D.disappearing 5.A.anger B.surprise C.happiness D.terror 6.A.calm B.clear C.advancing D.retreating 7.A.as if B.even if C.so that D.now that 8.A.priceless B.deafening C.harmless D.distant 9.A.covered B.filled C.quieted D.shook 10.A.shock B.relief C.panic D.security 11.A.occurred B.emerged C.fell D.vanished 12.A.spent B.wasted C.enjoyed D.recorded 13.A.short B.full C.giving out D.running out 14.A.forgotten B.escaped C.survived D.anived 15.A.weakness B.strength C.weakness D.beauty 三、阅读短文回答问题 Read the following passage and answer the questions in complete sentences. In the rugged mountains of southwestern China,a geological detective story is unfolding.For years, scientists puzzled over the origin of massive ancient landslides that had shaped the landscape.The conventional wisdom blamed them on earthquakes.However,a new study suggests a surprising culprit: ancient monsoons A team ofresearchers from Chengdu University of Technology analyzed 36 massive prehistoric landslides in the Longmen Shan mountains,a region known for its extreme topography and frequent seismic activity.Using advanced dating techniques,they determined the ages of these slides.The results were startling.The landslides were not spread out evenly over time,as one might expect with random earthquakes.Instead,they clustered within specific periods of the Earth's history,specifically during the warm and humid periods at the end of the last ice age(between 10,000 and 30,000 years ago). "The timing was the key clue,"said Dr.Li Wei,the lead author of the study published in Geophysical Research Letters."If earthquakes were the primary trigger,you would expect landslides to be more evenly distributed over the past 100,000 years.Instead,we saw a clear correlation with past climate."The team found that during these wetter periods,increased rainfall and melting glaciers saturated the mountain slopes,drastically reducing their stability.The added weight of the water and the loss of friction caused entire hillsides to fail,creating massive flows of debris similar to concrete This discovery has profound implications for the present day."Climate change is expected to increase the frequency and intensity of extreme rainfall events,"Dr.Li warned."While we can't stop earthquakes,we might see a future where changing weather patterns,not just ground shaking,become the dominant trigger for large landslides."The research highlights the need to re-evaluate hazard risk in mountainous regions,factoring in the powerful role of climate.It turns out that to understand the scars on the mountains,we must first understand the story written in the ancient rains. 1.According to the passage,what was the previous explanation for the ancient landslides? 2.What key evidence led scientists to believe that monsoons,not earthquakes,were the main cause? 3.According to Dr.Li Wei,how did the increased rainfall cause the landslides? 4.What is one major implication of this study for the present day,as mentioned in the passage? 5.What does the final sentence of the passage imply about understanding geological events? 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A powerful typhoon hit the coastal city,bringing with it a storm surge that(1) the streets.Many residents were caught off guard and had to be rescued from the(2) water.The local government(3) sent emergency supplies to the affected area.A team of volunteers worked tirelessly to inform the public and (4) food to the shelters.The event was a tenible(5) to everyone,as no one had expected such a severe storm.The city's communication systems were knocked out,leaving people(6)of the latest warnings.The disaster taught everyone a valuable lesson:we must be prepared."Otherwise,"a local official warned,"we will continue to be(7) into inaction by the power of nature."A group of cunious students from the local university (8) old weather records to find out if there were similar events in the past.They discovered that a volcano nearby had also (9) centuries ago,causing a series of devastating landslides,or(10) "which changed the landscape forever. 2. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 五、写作 假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom正在写一篇关于&#x201c,人与自然关系&x201d,的英文报道， 来信询问你对中国近年来应对自然灾害（如洪水、地震）的经验或看法。请你给他回信。内容 包括： 1.简述中国面对自然灾害时采取的措施（如预警系统、救援行动、灾后重建等）。 2.分析这些措施带来的积极影响。 3.谈谈你个人对如何更好地与自然和谐共处的看法。 注意： 1.词数80左右： 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯： 3.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。 Dear Tom, It's great to hear from you about your report.China has indeed gained valuable experience in dealing with natural disasters. Yours, Li Hua 参考答案 PassageA:1.B 2.B3.C4.B 阅读理解 Passage B:5.B6.C 7.A8.C 1.B,2.C,3.A,4.B,5.D;6.C,7.A,8.B;9.B;10.A,11.C,12.A;13.D,14.C,15 二、 完形填空 B 1.The previous explanation for the ancient landslides was that they were caused by earthquakes 2.The key evidence was that the landslides were clustered in specific humid periods(at the end of the last ice age),not spread out evenly over time as one would expect from random earthquakes. 三、阅读短文3.According to Dr.Li Wei,,increased rainfall and melting glaciers saturated the 回答问题 mountain slopes,reducing their stability and causing the hillsides to fail. 4.One major implication is that climate change,by increasing extreme rainfall events, might become the dominant trigger for large landslides in the future,requiring a re- evaluation of hazard risk. 5.It implies that to truly understand geological events and their causes,we must look to past climatic conditions(the story of ancient rains)as a key factor. 1.flooded 2.rising 3.immediately 4.supply 5.shock 6.uninformed 7.scared 8. 四、短文填空 unearthed 9.erupted 10.slides 五、写作 范文： Dear Tom, It's great to hear from you about your report.China has indeed gained valuable experience in dealing with natural disasters. Firstly,we have established an advanced early warning system that uses satellites and the internet to send timely alerts to citizens.For instance,during the 2021 Henan floods,millions of people received warnings minutes before it struck.Secondly,rescue teams from across the country are mobilized immediately after a disaster,showing incredible efficiency and unity.Post-disaster,the government prionitizes reconstruction, building safer homes and stronger infrastructure,as seen in the remarkable rebuilding of Wenchuan. These measures have significantly reduced casualties and sped up recovery.However,I believe to truly live in harmony with nature,we must shift from just reaction to prevention.This means investing in green infrastructure,like sponge cities to absorb floodwater,and enforcing strict environmental laws. What are your thoughts on this? Yours, Li Hua