Unit 1 Festivals and Customs（一）-2026-2027学年高中英语教材全解必修三（人教版）

Unit 1 Festivals and Customs 教材全解（一） festival custom traditional observe observation ⊙单元核心词汇 celebration celebrate origin original religious religion seasonal season ancestor honor feast gather等 。单元同步语法 动词-ing形式作前置和后置定语 。单元文章对话 重点句型讲练 教材同步词汇全解全练 重点1 单元词汇 1.observe/ab'z3:v/vt.观察；遵守；庆祝 词形变化：observation(n.)观察；观测；遵守；observer(m.)观察者；遵守者 辨析：observe作“观察”时强调仔细看；作“遵守”时与follow近义；作“庆 祝”时与celebrate同义，但更正式。 搭配：observe the rules遵守规则；observe a festival庆祝节日；observe sb doing sth观察到某人做某事 People around the world observe the Spring Festival with various customs. 2.observation/obza'vern/n.观察；观测；遵守 词形变化：observe(v.);observational(adj.)观察的；观测的 搭配：under observation被监视；make an observation提出观察结果；observation tower观察塔 例句：Scientific observation requires patience and accuracy. 3.celebration/,selr'brer fn/n.庆祝；庆典 词形变化：celebrate(.);celebratory(adj.)庆祝的；庆典的 搭配：in celebration of为庆祝…；hold a celebration举行庆祝活动；birthday celebration生日庆典 例句：The whole city was in a mood of celebration after the victory. 4.celebrate/'selibrert/,vt.&vi.庆祝；庆贺 词形变化：celebration(n.);celebrated(adi.)著名的；驰名的 辨析：celebrate强调活动本身；observe更侧重按传统或习俗进行。 搭配：celebrate Christmas庆祝圣诞节；celebrate one's success庆祝成功 例句：How do you usually celebrate the New Year in your country? 5.origin/'oId3n/n.起源；源头；出身 词形变化：original(adj.&n.);originate(w.）起源；发源 搭配：the origin of.·…的起源；have one's origin in起源于，by origin籍贯 例句：The origin of the festival remains unknown to many people.. 6.original'rd3nl/adj.原来的；起初的；原著的；n.原件；原作 词形变化：origin(n);originality(.)独创性；创意；originally(adv.)起初；原 来 辨析：original强调“最初的、非复制”；creative强调“创造性的”。 搭配：original edition原版；original idea原创想法；return to the original回归原 状 例句：The original purpose of the custom has been forgotten over time.. 7.religious/m'lrd3s/adj.宗教的；虔诚的 词形变化：religion(n.);religiously(adv.)虔诚地；认真地 搭配：religious belief宗教信仰；religious ceremony宗教仪式；be religious about sth对某事极其认真 例句：Many festivals have religious origins, 8.religion'hd3n/n.宗教；宗教信仰 词形变化：religious(adj,);religiosity(n.)宗教虔诚 搭配：freedom of religion宗教自由；believe in a religion信仰宗教 例句：The festival is closely connected with the local religion. 9.ancestor/'ensesta(r)/n.祖先；祖宗 词形变化：ancestral(adj.）祖先的；祖传的；ancestry(n.)世系；血统 搭配：ancestor worship祭祖；ancestor's tradition祖先的传统；common ancestor 共同祖先 例句：People hold ceremonies to honor their ancestors.. 10.honor/'Dna()/n.荣誉；尊敬；荣幸；vt.尊敬；给…以荣誉 词形变化：honorable(adj.)可敬的；光荣的；honorary(adj.)荣誉的；名誉的 搭配：in honor of为了纪念；向…表示敬意；have the honor of doing sth有幸做 某事；it's an honor to do sth做某事很荣幸 例句：The monument was built in honor of the national hero. ll.feast/i:st/n.盛宴；宴会；节日 词形变化：feast(v.)尽情享用；宴请 搭配：feast on sth尽情享用某物；a feast for the eyes视觉盛宴；hold a feast举行 宴会 例句：During the Spring Festival,families gather to feast together, l2.decorate/dekerert/vt.&vi.装饰；装潢 词形变化：decoration(n.)装饰；装饰品；decorative(adj.)装饰的；装潢的 搭配：decorate.with...用…装饰；decorate the house装饰房屋；be decorated with装饰着 例句：The streets were decorated with colorful lanterns. 考点通关 单元词汇 (一)单句填空（用所给词的适当形式填空） 1.The scientist spent hours (observe)the behavior of the birds 2.Careful (observe)is necessary before drawing any conclusion. 3.We held a big party celebration of her graduation. 4.The whole family (celebrate)the traditional festival together every year. 5.The (origin)design of the building was much simpler than the current one. 6.Many customs have their (origin)in ancient religious practices. 7.Different countries have different (religion)traditions. 8.The festival is not only a cultural event but also a (religion)one. (ancestor)culture is an important part of Chinese tradition. 10.The monument was built honor of the soldiers who died in the war. 11.After the ceremony,we enjoyed a grand (feast). 12.They (decorate)the hall with flowers and balloons last night. (二)短文填空 The Spring Festival is a time for family reunion and 1. (celebrate).People 2. (observe)this festival with many traditional customs.The 3. (origin)of the festival dates back thousands of years.It was originally a 4. (religion)ceremony to honor 5. (ancestor).Nowadays,families 6. (decorate)their houses with red lanterns and couplets.On New Year's Eve,they enjoy a big 7. (feast)together.The celebration is held 8. honor of the new year and good luck.Through 9. (observe)and participation,young people learn about their cultural heritage.Such festivals remind us to respect our 10. (origin)and values. 参考答案 (一)单句填空 1.observing;2.observation;3.in;4.celebrates;5.original;6.origins;7.religious; 8.religious;9.ancestral;10.in;11.feast;12.decorated (二)短文填空 1.celebration;2.observe;3.origin;4.religious;5.ancestors;6.decorate;7.feast, 8.in;9.observation;10.origins 教材同步语法全解全练 重点1 动词-ing形式作定语 动词-i血g形式作前置定语和后置定语 项目 内容 动词-ig形式（包括现在分词和动名词）可以像形容词一样修饰名词或代 定义 词，充当定语。根据位置不同，分为前置定语（放在名词前）和后置定语 (放在名词后)。 前置定语 单个动词-ig形式直接放在名词前，表示该名词的特征、用途或正在进行 的动作。 现在分词前置：表示“正在…的”或“具有…特性的”。例：a smiling girl（一个微笑的女孩)；developing countries(发展中国家)。 动名词前置：表示“用于…的”或“…用途的”。例：a swimming pool(游泳池)；a reading room(阅览室)。 动词-ing短语（即动词-ing形式带上宾语、状语等）放在名词后，相当于 一个定语从句（主动关系)。 结构：名词+动词-ing短语。例：The girl sitting under the tree is my 后置定语 sister.(=The girl who is sitting under the tree...) 例：Do you know the man talking to our teacher?（←the man who is talking to our teacher) 1.动词-g形式作后置定语时，所修饰的名词通常是动作的执行者（主动 关系)。 2.若单个动词-ig形式作前置定语，通常不强调时间性；若表示正在进行 注意事项 的动作，有时可与定语从句互换。 3.注意区分现在分词和动名词：现在分词强调动作或状态，动名词强调用 途。例：a sleeping child(现在分词，正在睡觉的)；a sleeping bag(动 名词，用于睡觉的)。 考点通关 动词-ing形试作定语 语法专练一：单项选择(8题) 1.The boy is my cousin. A.smiling B.smiled C.to smile D.smile 2.There is a car in the street. A.moving B.moved C.to move D.move 3.I bought a new machine. A.washing B.washed C.to wash D.wash 4.The students in the classroom are from class 1. A.reading B.read C.are reading D.to read 5.We need a bottle. A.drinking B.drunk C.to drink D.drink 6.The bridge the two cities was built last year. A.connecting B.connected C.to connect D.connect 7.Look at the leaves!They are so beautiful. A.falling B.fell C.fallen D.to fall 8.The woman a blue dress is our English teacher. A.wearing B.worn C.to wear D.wears 语法专练二：语法填空(10题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内动词的正确形式。 1.There is a pool near my house. 2.It is a place. 3.I often see children in the water. 4.They are kids. 5.One day,I noticed a man by the pool. 6.He held a book. 7.Later,a girl a red hat came to me. 8.She asked about a boy with the lifeguard. 9.I pointed to a boat and said,"That might be him." 10.The sky was full of leaves. 参考答案 语法专练一：单项选择 1.A;2.A;3.A;4.A;5.A;6.A;7.A;8.A 语法专练二：语法填空 1.swimming;2.relaxing;3.playing;4.laughing;5.sitting; 6.reading;7.wearing;8.talking;9.moving;10.falling A 教材同步文章句型精讲 重点句型 Why Do We Celebrate Festivals? 1.Lighting firecrackers to drive away evil spirits and celebrate the new year is a typical Chinese Spring Festival custom. 结构：Ving形式+谓语动词 中文：放鞭炮驱赶恶灵并庆祝新年是中国春节的典型习俗。 用法：表示一件事情或一个行为在句中作主语，谓语动词用单数。 2. Although some believe festivals should not be commercialised,others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness. 结构：Although/Though+从句，主句 中文：尽管有些人认为节日不应被商业化，但另一些人认为消费增长对经济和公共幸 福是有益的。 用法：表示“虽然，尽管”，从句与主句存在转折关系，不与t连用。 3.Halloween,which slowly became an exciting festival for children,has its religious origins. 结构：名词/代词，+which+从句 中文：万圣节，它逐渐成为孩子们喜爱的节日，有宗教起源。 用法：非限制性定语从句用逗号与主句隔开，which不能替换为that。 4.This important agricultural festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in. 结构：主句+after+从句（动词用完成时或一般时） 中文：这个重要的农业节日在所有庄稼都收割之后举行。 用法：after表示“在…之后”，从句动作先于主句。 5.Festivals are becoming more and more commercial,with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations. 结构：wth+名词/代词+现在分词（主动）/过去分词（被动)/介词短语 中文：随着商家利用节日的庆祝活动，节日变得越来越商业化。 用法：表示伴随状况或原因，常在句中作状语。 6.Many big cities have given up this custom in order to avoid air pollution. 结构：主句+(in order)to+动词原形 中文：许多大城市已经放弃了这个习俗，以避免空气污染。 用法：不定式表示目的，可译为“为了…”。 考点通关 文章句型 练习一：完成句子（用所给词的适当形式填空） 1. (light)firecrackers was once a popular custom in China. 2.Although it rained heavily,the farmers (continue)to work in the fields. 3.The Mid-Autumn Festival, (fall)in September or October,is a time for family reunions. 4.The celebration will begin after the guests (arrive). 5.With many people (travel)home,the roads become very busy during festivals. 6.They decorated the town hall (welcome)the harvest festival. 7.No matter (frequently)he fails,he never gives up. 8. (celebrate)festivals together helps build community spirit. 9.The tradition of (give)gifts during festivals is very old. 10.In order (avoid)traffic jams,we left early. 练习二：翻译句子（在横线上写出完整句子） 1.放鞭炮驱赶恶灵是中国春节的典型习俗。 2.尽管节日看起来不同，但它们都表达了感恩和爱。 3.万圣节，它原本有宗教起源，逐渐变成了孩子们的欢乐节日。 4.收获节在所有庄稼都收割之后举行。 5.随着商家利用节日的庆祝活动，节日变得越来越商业化。 6.许多城市已放弃放鞭炮的习俗，以避免空气污染。 7.无论节日多么不同，庆祝的精神是共同的。 8.有些人认为节日不应被商业化，而另一些人认为这促进经济。 9.装饰教堂和享用大餐是欧洲收获节的常见习俗。 10.一起分享快乐和感恩是节日最重要的部分。 参考答案 1.Lighting;2.continued;3.falling;4.have arrived /arrive; 练习一：完成句子 5.travelling;6.to welcome;7.how frequently;8.Celebrating; 9.giving;10.to avoid 1.Lighting firecrackers to drive away evil spirits is a typical Chinese Spring Festival custom.;2.Although festivals seem different,they all express gratitude and love.;3.Halloween, which originally had religious origins,slowly became an exciting festival for children.;4.The harvest festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in.;5.With businesses taking advantage of the celebrations,festivals are becoming more and 练习二：翻译句子 more commercial.;6.Many big cities have given up the custom of lighting firecrackers in order to avoid air pollution.7.No matter how different festivals may be,the spirit of celebration is common.;8.Some believe festivals should not be commercialised,while others think it boosts the economy. 9.Decorating churches and enjoying a big meal are common customs of European harvest festivals.10.Sharing joy and gratitude together is the most important part of festivals. 教材同步单元练习 一、阅读理解 阅读理解（一） Festivals,in their essence,are a reflection of a society's collective memory and identity.However,in the modemn era,the raison d'etre of many traditional festivals has undergone a subtle yet profound shift.Once rooted in agrarian cycles or religious doctrine,they are now increasingly scrutinized through an economic lens.This transformation is not merely about commercialisation;it touches upon the very fabric of cultural transmission. Take the example of Thanksgiving in North America.The original narrative of a harvest feast shared between Pilgrims and Native Americans has been heavily romanticized.Today,its primary significance for many is the beginning of the gift-giving season,marked by "Black Friday"sales.Similarly,the Chinese Spring Festival,Chunjie,while still revolving around family reunions,has seen a rise in "hollow villages"as young people migrate to cities.The celebration often becomes a costly ritual of gift-giving and conspicuous consumption,with families spending heavily on elaborate meals and fireworks,the latter of which has been curtailed in many cities due to environmental concerns. This commercialization is often criticized for diluting the authentic spirit of festivals.Critics argue that the focus on spending and consumption overshadows traditional values such as gratitude,remembrance,and community bonding.The act of gift-giving,for instance,has become a complex social obligation driven by brand value rather than personal sentiment.The intangible cultural heritage,such as the specific folk songs or dances associated with a local festival,is often sidelined in favor of mass-produced decorations. Yet,a more nuanced perspective suggests that this adaptation is not inherently negative.Economic activity generated by festivals can invigorate local economies.For many craftspeople and small businesses,festivals represent their busiest and most profitable season.Moreover,the very act of participating in a commercialised festival,such as buying a new outfit for the Lunar New Year,can still reinforce family bonds and create shared experiences.The festival,in its new form,provides a familiar structure for social interaction in a rapidly changing world.The key,perhaps,lies in striking a balance between preserving core cultural values and acknowledging the powerful role of the modern economy. ()1.What is the main argument of the passage? A.Festivals have completely lost their original meaning due to commercialisation. B.The economic aspects of festivals are always harmful to their cultural value. C.Modern festivals represent a complex interplay between tradition and economics D.Govemments should ban commercial activities to preserve festival traditions. ()2.The author uses the example of"hollow villages"(Para 2)to illustrate A.the negative environmental impact of fireworks B.the social consequence of economic migration during festivals C.the high cost of lavish family meals D.the growing popularity of city life ()3.The word diluting in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to A.strengthening B.clarifying C.weakening D.purifying ()4.What is the author's attitude towards the commercialization of festivals? A.Strongly critical. B.Completely supportive. C.Balanced and analytical. D.Indifferent. ()5.What does the author suggest is crucial for the future of festivals? A.A complete retumn to original religious practices. B.A rejection of all forms of commercial activity. C.Maintaining a balance between cultural values and economic reality. D.Prioritizing economic benefits over traditional customs 阅读理解（二) The celebration of festivals often involves shared sensory experiences-the scent ofincense,the sound of firecrackers,the taste of a specific food.These experiences are not merely pleasant,they are profoundly linked to memory and identity.Recent research in neuroscience suggests that the brain encodes these multi-sensory cues more deeply than single-sense information,creating what we call "episodic memories."These are the vivid,personal memories of an event,like the specific taste of a mooncake shared with a grandparent. This neural encoding is a key mechanism through which festivals transmit culture.A child who only knows the story of a festival from a textbook will have a different,less embodied,understanding than a child who has physically participated in a ritual.The physical act of making zongzi for the Dragon Boat Festival,for example,connects a person to the historical figure Qu Yuan and to generations of ancestors who performed the same act.The smell of wormwood during the festival can instantly transport someone back to their childhood home. However,in the age of digital culture,this physical connection is at risk.With families increasingly separated by geography,the collective,physical preparation is often replaced by digital greetings or commercially purchased goods.A family might not make dumplings together for the Winter Solstice, instead,they buy frozen ones and send a virtual "red envelope."While convenient,these digital substitutes may weaken the "episodic memory"associated with the festival. The concept ofcultural memory"is becoming more and more about shared information than shared practices.We can access any amount of data about a festival online,but this is a form of semantic memory (fact-based)rather than the more powerful episodic memory (experience-based).The challenge for contemporary societies is to create new,yet meaningful,physical rituals that can anchor our memory in an increasingly virtual world.Even a simple act,like lighting a real candle during Diwali or planting a tree during Arbor Day,can be a powerful embodied act ofremembrance.The future of festivals may depend on our ability to resist the total digitization of our experience and to intentionally create rich,physical moments of celebration. ()1.According to the passage,why are sensory experiences important during festivals? A.They are more entertaining than digital experiences. B.They help create strong episodic memories C.They are easier to share on social media D.They replace the need for leaming about history. ()2.The difference between "semantic memory"and "episodic memory"is that the former is A.personal and experience-based B.fact-based and informational C.more powerful and vivid D.only related to digital leamning ()3.What does the author imply about modemn festival practices? A.They enhance cultural understanding through digital tools. B.They risk weakening the physical,embodied connection to culture. C.They are an improvement over traditional methods. D.They are too expensive for most families. ()4.The author suggests a solution to the challenge of modemn celebration by A.advocating for a total ban on digital greetings B.promoting new,meaningful physical rituals C.forcing families to live together during festivals D.relying on government-organized events ()5.What is the best title for this passage? A.The Neuroscience of Celebration B.The Digital Death of Tradition C.The Economics of Festivals D.How to Preserve Cultural Memory 二、完形填空 Festivals are a universal phenomenon,yet their significance is often deeply personal.For cultures around the world,they offer a structured time to pause,reflect,and reconnect.One such festival that has captivated global interest is the Chinese Mid-Autumn Festival,a celebration centered on the full moon. The festival's origins are 1. in ancient Chinese mythology,particularly the legend of Chang'e. The story,which has been passed down through generations,explains the festival's 2. on the moon.Historically,the festival was also a time for farmers to celebrate the 3. of the autumn harvest.They would offer sacrifices to the moon goddess in gratitude for a bountiful year. In contemporary China,the core value of the festival remains family reunion.The round shape of the moon symbolizes completeness and unity,which is why it is considered 4. for family members to gather.The iconic food,the mooncake,with its round shape and 5. fillings,acts as a powerful symbol of this unity.However,the 6. of modern life has changed how the festival is celebrated.Many young professionals working in distant cities find it difficult to travel home,making the reunion a sometimes 7. goal. This has led to a new 8. the mooncake voucher'and the virtual greeting.Companies often gift elaborate boxes of mooncakes to clients,a practice that has become a 9. business.While this maintains the act of gift-giving,critics argue it has lost the emotional 10. of a homemade gift.Furthermore,many people now send digital messages instead of making phone calls or visiting in person. Despite these changes,the festival's emotional 11. remains strong.It still acts as a powerful 12. for millions of Chinese to remember their roots and their families.Whether through a physical gathering or a brief video call,the act of 13. the moon together creates a sense of shared experience that 14. geographical distances.The Mid-Autumn Festival,in its ever-evolving forms,continues to be a testament to the enduring human need for 15 and belonging 1.A.lost B.rooted C.hidden D.written 2.A.focus B.impact C.comment D.theory 3.A.failure B.start C.end D.success 4.A.strange B.optional C.essential D.risky 5.A.simple B.diverse C.plain D.frozen 6.A.pace B.cost C.quality D.pressure 7.A.easy B.simple C.distant D.challenging 8.A.problem B.solution C.trend D.tradition 9.A.small B.major C.local D.failed 10.A.value B.lesson C.memory D.weight 11.A.weakness B.emptiness C.attachment D.confusion 12.A.reminder B.barrier C.opponent D.escape 13.A.hiding B.admiring C.ignoring D.destroying 14.A.increases B.limits C.bridges D.measures 15.A.conflict B.connection C.competition D.loneliness 三、阅读短文回答问题 Read the following passage and answer the questions in complete sentences Loi Krathong,a festival celebrated annually across Thailand,is a breathtaking spectacle oflight and water.It takes place on the evening of the full moon of the 12th lunar month,usually in November.The name literally translates to "to float a basket."This is the core activity of the festival:participants launch small,beautiful baskets,called krathongs,onto rivers,canals,and lakes. A krathong is traditionally made from a slice of a banana tree trunk,which provides buoyancy.It is decorated with banana leaves,flowers,candles,and incense sticks.The act of floating the krathong is deeply symbolic.It is an offering of thanks to the goddess of water,Mae Khongkha,for providing life- sustaining water throughout the year and for washing away bad luck.The candle lit on the krathong represents inner light and wisdom,while the incense brings peace to the soul.Participants make a wish as they set their krathong adrift,believing that their misfortunes float away with it. The festival is more than just a religious ritual;it is a major cultural event.In the ancient capital of Sukhothai,the celebration is especially grand,featuring elaborate processions,traditional dance performances,and a competition for the most beautiful krathong.In Chiang Mai,the festival coincides with Yi Peng,a lantem festival where thousands of paper lantems are released into the sky,creating a stunning parallel display of floating lights Despite its beauty,the festival has faced modemn challenges.The use of non-biodegradable materials,such as Styrofoam,in modern krathongs has caused severe river pollution.In response,authorities and environmental groups now promote the use of eco-fiendly krathongs made from natural materials like bread,ice,or banana leaves.This shift reflects a growing awareness of the need to harmonize cultural celebration with environmental sustainability. 1.What is the primary activity of the Loi Krathong festival and what is its symbolic meaning? 2.What are traditional krathongs made of,and what do the candle and incense represent? 3.Why is the festival celebrated in Sukhothai described as"especially grand'? 4.What is the main environmental problem associated with modemn celebrations of Loi Krathong? 5.How have people responded to this environmental issue? 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入I个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The celebration of a festival is not just a date on a calendar,but a living expression of a community's soul. When people participate in these events,they are engaging in an act of cultural 1 and transmission.A key element in this process is the observance of specific 2. customs.For instance,the 3. of homes with specific colors and items is not merely for aesthetic pleasure,it is a form of symbolic communication. Many festivals feature a grand feast,which is a 4. of abundance and community.The 5. of these foods often tells a story of survival and gratitude.While the religious 6. ofa festival may fade for some,the emotional attachment remains powerful.We 7. our elders performing rituals,and through this,we leam.This 8. is crucial for our 9. identity. However,the 10. of these celebrations and their commercial 11 can sometimes overshadow their deeper meaning.The 12. on manufactured goods can weaken our connection to the natural world and the 13. traditions that honored it.It is important to remember the 14. lessons these festivals teach us about community and gratitude.To truly appreciate a festival,one must look beyond the 15 excitement and engage with its historical and emotional core. 用所给单词的正确形式填空： 1.remember 2.tradition 3.decorate 4.celebrate 5.origin 6.significant 7.observe 8.observe 9.culture 10.frequent 11.attract 12.rely 13.ancestor 14.value 15.surface 五、写作 假定你是李华，你的新西兰笔友Tom发来邮件，询问你对中国传统节日一一清明节(Qingming Festival/Tomb-Sweeping Day）习俗的理解。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括： 1.清明节的时间和主要习俗（如扫墓、祭祖、踏青等）； 2.介绍这些习俗的文化意义（如缅怀先人、亲近自然等）： 3.谈谈你对如何传承这一传统节日的看法。 注意： 1.词数100左右： 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯： 3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Tom, I'm glad to hear from you.You asked about the Qingming Festival,one of China's most important traditional festivals.Let me share some of my understanding with you. Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua 参考答案 阅读理解（一）：1.C2.B3.C4.C5.C 一、 阅读理解 阅读理解（二)：1.B2.B3.B4.B5.A 二、完形填空1.B2.A3.C4.C5.B6.A7.D8.C9.B10.D11.C12.A13.B14.C15.B 1.The primary activity is floating krathongs(small baskets)on water.Its symbolic meaning is to offer thanks to the goddess of water and to wash away bad luck (or to make a wish for the future). 2.Traditional krathongs are made from a slice of a banana tree trunk,decorated with banana leaves,flowers,candles,and incense.The candle represents inner light and 三、 阅读短文wisdom,and the incense represents peace for the sou 回答问题 3.Because it features elaborate processions,traditional dance performances,and a competition for the most beautiful kathong. 4.The use of non-biodegradable materials (like Styrofoam)in modern krathongs has caused severe river pollution. 5.Authorities and environmental groups now promote the use of eco-friendly krathongs made from natural materials like bread,ice,or banana leaves 1.remembrance 2.traditional 3.decoration 4.celebration 5.origins 6.significance 7. 四、短文填空observe8.observation9.cultural 10.frequency11.attraction 12.1 eliance13.ancestors ancestral 14.valuable 15.superficial 五、写作（参考范文） Dear Tom, I'm glad to hear from you.You asked about the Qingming Festival,one of China's most important traditional festivals.Let me share some of my understanding with you. The Qingming Festival falls on April 4th or 5th each year.Its main customs include visiting ancestors' graves to clean them,offering food and paper money,and having a spring outing to enjoy the blooming flowers and fresh greenery. Culturally,it's a time to honor our ancestors and show filial respect.The trip to the countryside also serves to connect us with nature after the long winter,symbolizing the renewal of life. Personally,I think the best way to preserve this festival is to pass on its stories and rituals to younger generations.Participating in the activities,even in simple ways,helps keep the spirit of remembrance and gratitude alive. Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua