Unit 4 Natural disasters（一）-2026-2027学年高中英语教材全解必修一（人教版）

Unit 4 Natural disasters 教材全解（一） tornado drought landslide flood rescue helicopter 。单元核心词汇 death affect shelter damage destroy evacuate heal;quake;rubble等 。单元同步语法 限制性定语从句 ⑦单元文章对话 重点句型讲练 教材同步词汇全解全练 重点1 单元词汇 l.flood/flAd/n.洪水；大量vi.淹没；大量涌入vt.使灌满水；淹没 词形变化：flooding(m.）洪水泛滥；flooded(adj.)被水淹没的 搭配：a flood of大量的；flood into涌入；be flooded with充满；被淹没 辨析：f1lood作动词强调“涌入/淹没”的动作；overflow侧重“溢出” 例句：The heavy rain flooded the low-lying areas.. Refugees flooded into the camp. 2.1 rescue/'reskju:/n.&vt.营救；救援 词形变化：rescuer(n.)救援者 搭配：rescue sb/sth from...从中救出；rescue operation救援行动；come to one's rescue来救某人 辨析：rescue指从紧急危险中救出；save更常用，可指任何形式的挽救 例句：Soldiers and volunteers worked together to rescue people. The rescue team arrived within minutes. 3.affect/'fekt/vt.影响；（疾病）侵袭；深深打动 词形变化：effect(n.)影响；结果；affected(adj.)受影响的；假装的 搭配：be affected by受…影响；affect sb deeply深深打动某人 辨析：affect&effect::affect是动词，effect是名词（常用搭配have an effect on) 例句：The earthquake affected thousands of people, Her speech affected everyone present. 4.shelter/elta()/n.避难处；居所；庇护vt.保护；掩蔽vi.躲避（风雨或危险） 词形变化：sheltered(adj.)受庇护的；避风的 搭配：take shelter(from)躲避；shelter sb/sth from..保护.…免于 辨析：shelter侧重提供临时躲避处；protection更抽象，指各种保护 例句：People took shelter in schools and stadiums. The trees shelter the house from the wind. 5.damage/damd3/n.&vt.损害；损失 词形变化：damaging(adj.)有破坏性的；damages(m.pl.）损害赔偿金 搭配：cause/do damage to对…造成损害；damage one's reputation损害某人的声 誉 辨析：damage指部分损坏，可修复；destroy指彻底毁灭，无法修复 例句：The storm did great damage to the crops. Smoking can damage your health 6.destroy/d'stror/vt.摧毁；毁灭 词形变化：destruction(n.)破坏；毁灭；destructive(adj.)破坏性的 搭配：destroy completely完全摧毁；be destroyed by被摧毁 辨析：destroy强调彻底摧毁；damage强调部分损坏（见上） 例句：The earthquake destroyed many buildings.. The fire destroyed all the evidence 7.evacuate /I'vaekjvert/vt.疏散；撤出vi.撤离 词形变化：evacuation(n.)疏散；撤离；evacuee(n.)被疏散者 搭配：evacuate sb from..从…疏散某人；evacuate the area撤离该区域 辨析：evacuate指有计划地撤离；flee指仓促逃跑 例句：The government evacuated people from the danger zone. Residents were told to evacuate immediately. 8.heal /hi:l/vi.&vt.治愈；（使）康复；解决（问题）；消除（分歧） 词形变化：healing(n./adj.）愈合；治愈的；healer(n.）治疗者 搭配：heal up./over愈合；heal the wounds治愈创伤（可指心理） 辨析：heal侧重伤口或心灵愈合；cre侧重疾病治愈(cure sb of sth) 例句：It took months for his wounds to heal. Time heals all sorrows. 考点通关 单元词汇 (一)单句填空（用所给词的适当形式填空） 1.After the earthquake,teams were sent to rescue those (trap)under the rubble. 2.The heavy rain caused the river to (flood)the nearby villages. 3.The disaster (affect)the lives of over 10,000 people. 4.Many people had to take (shelter)in schools during the storm. 5.The strong wind did serious (damage)to the houses. 6.The fire completely (destroy)the old forest. 7.The government ordered the (evacuate)of all coastal areas. 8.It will take time for the injured animals to (heal). 9. (rescue)teams worked day and night to save the survivors. 10.The psychological (affect)of the disaster can last for years. (二)短文填空 Natural disasters can 1. (flood)cities and 2. (destroy)homes.When a big earthquake happens,many people are 3. (affect).The first thing to do is to 4. (evacuate)to a safe 5. (shelter).Rescue workers try their best 6. (rescue)those trapped.The damage may be huge,but with time,the (heal)process begins.People work together to 8. (heal)the wounds both physical and emotional.Strong buildings may be 9. (damage)but not completely 10. (destroy),so they can be rebuilt. 参考答案 (一)单句填空 1.trapped;2.flood;3.affected;4.shelter;5.damage;6.destroyed;7.evacuation; 8.heal;9.Rescue;10.effect (二)短文填空 1.flood;2.destroy;3.affected;4.evacuate;5.shelter,6.to rescue;7.healing 8.heal;9.damaged;10.destroyed A 教材同步语法全解全练 重点1 限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句 项目 内容 定义 限制性定语从句是对先行词起修饰、限定作用的从句，去掉后主句意思不 完整或发生改变。它紧跟在先行词之后，与主句之间不用逗号隔开。 先行词+关系词+从句剩余部分。关系词分为关系代词(that, 结构 which,who,whom,whose)和关系副词(when,where,.why)。 关系词在从句中充当成分。 who/that:先行词为人，作主语或宾语。例：The boy who/that is standing there is my brother。 whom/that:先行词为人，作宾语（可省略）。例：He is the man whom/that)I met yesterday. 关系代词 whose:先行词为人/物，作定语。例：I know the girl whose mother is a doctor。 which/that:先行词为物，作主语或宾语。例：This is the book which/that I bought。 when:先行词为时间，作时间状语。例：I remember the day when we first met. where:先行词为地点，作地点状语。例：This is the school where I 关系副词 studied。 why:先行词为原因，作原因状语。例：Tell me the reason why you are late 注意事项 只能用that的情况：先行词为不定代词(all,everything,nothing 等)、被序数词或最高级修饰、被he only/very/same修饰、先行词既有 人又有物。例：This is the best film that I have ever seen。 只能用which的情况：位于介词之后（介词+which)。例：This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived. 关系副词可转换为“介词+关系代词”：when=in/on/at+which,where= in/on/at which,why=for +whicho 关系代词作宾语时可省略（无介词前置时）。例：The book(that/which)I borrowed is interesting. 考点通关 限制性定语从句 语法专练一：单项选择(8题) 1.The man is standing over there is my uncle. A.which B.whom C.who D.whose 2.I like the house windows face south. A.that B.which C.whose D.who 3.The reason he didn't come to the party is still unknown. A.that B.which C.why D.when 4.This is the most interesting story I have ever heard。 A.which B.that C.whom D,what 5.Do you remember the day we visited the Great Wall? A.when B.where C.why D.which 6.The girl father is a scientist won the first prize. A.who B.that C.whose D.which 7.The factory we worked last year is very modern. A.that B.which C.where D.when 8.Is there anything I can do for you? A.which B.that C.what D.who 语法专练二：语法填空(10题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内词的正确形式。 1.I have a good friend name is Li Hua。 2.He is from a city is famous for its beautiful scenery. 3.The reason he moved here was that his father got a new job 4.I still remember the day we first met。. 5.He showed me the house he lived. 6.He showed me the park we often play basketball. 7.The most interesting thing he told me was about his trip to the mountains. 8.There,he met a guide helped him a lot。 9.The guide's son, I saw yesterday,is also my classmate. 10.A11 I want to say is that friendship is precious. 语法综合练习 (一)单项选择(10题) 1.The books were written by Mo Yan are popular. A.which B.who C.whom D,what 2.She is the only one of the students has won the prize。 A.who B.whom C.which D.that 3.The village I was born has changed a lot. A.when B.where C.which D.that 4.I will never forget the days we spent together. A.when B.where C.which D.on which 5.He is the man car was stolen last week. A.who B.that C.which D.whose 6.The factory we visited yesterday is the largest one in our city. A.where B.which C.when D.who 7.Do you know the reason he was late? A.that B.which C.why D.for that 8.The package you are looking for is on the table. A.what B.which C.who D.whom 9.She told me everything she knew。 A.which B.that C.what D.who 10.The professor you talked about will give us a lecture. A.who B.whose C.whom D.which (二)语法填空(10题) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内词的正确形式。 1.Last summer,I went to a small town ny grandparents live。 2.The house they live was built 50 years ago. 3.The reason this place was that the air is fresho 4.I met a group of children in the yard。 5.One of them, name is Jack,became my best friend. 6.We often climbed the mountain top is covered with snow. 7.I still remember the days we laughed and ran together. 8.Everything they did made me happy。 9.The most unforgettable thing the picnic we had by the river. 10.That is a place I will always miss。 参考答案 语法专练一：单项选择 1.C;2.C;3.C;4.B;5.A;6.C;7.C;8.B 1.whose;2.that/which;3.why;4.when;5.where/in which; 语法专练二：语法填空 6.where/in which;7.that/which;8.who/that; 9.whom/who/that;10.that 语法综合练习（一）单项选 1.A;2.D;3.B;4.C;5.D;6.B;7.C;8.B;9.B;10.C 择 1.where/in which;2.where/in which;3.to choose; 语法综合练习（二）语法填 4.playing;5.whose;6.whose;7.when;8.that;9.was; 空 10.that/which 教材同步文章句型精讲 重点句型 The Night the Earth Didn 1.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! 结构：主语+seem/hook/feel+asif+主语+虚拟谓语 中文：仿佛世界末日到来了。 用法：表示“仿佛…”，与现在事实相反时，从句谓语用一般过去时(b用 were) 2.Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it! 结构：分数/百分数+of+名词+谓语动词 中文：全国将近三分之一的人都感觉到了那次地震。 用法：谓语动词单复数取决于of后的名词。 3.Everywhere survivors looked,there was nothing but ruins. 结构：nothing but+名词/代词 中文：幸存者看到的只有废墟。 用法：表示“只有，仅仅”。 4.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. 结构：先行词+wose+名词+从句剩余部分 中文：工人们为房屋被毁的幸存者建造了避难所。 用法：whose既可指人也可指物，表示“.…的”。 5.Bright lights were seen in the sky and loud noises were heard. 结构：主语+be+过去分词+(by) 中文：天空中看到了亮光，听到了巨大的噪音。 用法：感官动词see、hear等的被动语态表示“被看见”“被听到”。 6.People began to wonder how long the disaster would last. 结构：wonder+连接词(how/what/when/whether等)+陈述句 中文：人们开始想知道灾难会持续多久。 用法：wonder/后接宾语从句，从句用陈述语序。 7.All hope was not lost. 结构：A+名词+否定谓语=并非所有…都… 中文：不是所有的希望都失去了。 用法：all与not连用表示部分否定。 8.In less than one minute,a large city lay in ruins. 结构：in+less than+一段时间 中文：在不到一分钟的时间里，一座大城市变成了废墟。 用法：表示“在不到…的时间里”。 考点通关 文章句型 练习一：完成句子 1.It seemed as if the world (come)to an end. 2.One third of the students (be)from the countryside. 3.There was nothing but (destroy)houses everywhere. 4.The miners (rescue)from the coal mines finally 5.Do you know the man (whose)house was saved? 6.She wondered (whether)the train had left or not. 7.All the work (be)not easy. 8.The workers built shelters for those (whose)homes were gone. 9.In less than five minutes,the fire (put)out. 10.Bright lights (see)in the sky that night. 练习二：翻译句子 1.仿佛世界末日到来了。 2.全国将近三分之一的人都感觉到了那次地震。 3.幸存者看到的只有废墟。 4.我们帮助了那些房屋被毁的人们。 5. 地震前在天空中看到了亮光。 6.我想知道地震持续了多久。 7.不是所有的希望都失去了。 8.在不到一分钟的时间里，一座城市变成了废墟。 9.三分之二的人在地震中受伤或死亡。 10.工人们为幸存者建造了避难所。 1.were coming;2.are;3.destroyed;4.were rescued;5.whose; 练习一：完成句子 6.whether;7.is;8.whose;9.was put;10.were seen 1.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end.;2.Nearly one third of the whole nation felt the earthquake.;3.Everywhere survivors looked,there was nothing but ruins.;4.We helped the survivors whose homes had been destroyed.;5.Bright lights 练习二：翻译句子 were seen in the sky before the earthquake.;6.I wonder how long the earthquake lasted.;7.All hope was not lost.;8.In less than one minute,a city lay in ruins.9.Two thirds of the people were injured or killed in the earthquake.;10.Workers built shelters for the survivors. A 教材同步单元练习 一、阅读理解 Passage A In the early moming of July 28,1976,the city of Tangshan was shaken by one of the deadliest earthquakes in the 20th century.Measuring 7.8 on the Richter scale,the quake struck without wamning, leveling nearly the entire city in a matter of seconds.More than 240,000 people lost their lives,and hundreds of thousands more were injured.In the immediate aftermath,the scene was one of complete devastation:roads were cracked,buildings collapsed,and survivors wandered dazed through the ruins. However,what followed was not just a story of destruction,but one ofremarkable resilience.Within hours of the disaster,ordinary citizens began digging through rubble with their bare hands to rescue neighbors and strangers alike.The Chinese government mobilized troops and medical teams to the region, establishing emergency shelters and field hospitals.International aid also poured in,with countries like Japan offering medical supplies and technical assistance for search-and-rescue operations. One of the most extraordinary aspects of the Tangshan earthquake was the speed of the city's recovery While some predicted that the city would never come back to life,the people of Tangshan proved them wrong.Within a decade,the city had been rebuilt with stronger building codes to withstand future quakes. Today,Tangshan stands as a modern industrial city,its resilience honored in museums and memorials that educate visitors about the disaster. Scientists have since studied the Tangshan earthquake extensively.It occurred along the Tangshan Fault, a relatively unknown fault line that had not been considered a major threat.The earthquake's shallow depth-only about 11 kilometers below the surface-amplified its destructive power.Moreover,the timing of the quake,which struck at 3:42 a.m.when most people were asleep,contibuted to the high casualty rate Since then,China has invested heavily in earthquake preparedness and early wamning systems.Modern seismic monitoring stations now dot the country,and public education campaigns teach citizens how to respond during earthquakes.The lessons learned from Tangshan have not only saved countless lives but have also contributed to global understanding of earthquake science.As one seismologist put it,"The tragedy of Tangshan became the foundation for a safer future." ()1.What is the main pupose of the first paragraph? A.To explain the causes of the Tangshan earthquake. B.To describe the immediate impact of the earthquake C.To compare Tangshan with other earthquake-hit cities. D.To introduce the international response to the disaster. ()2.The word "resilience"in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to A.destruction B.recovery C.warning D.planning ()3.According to the passage,which of the following factors made the Tangshan earthquake particularly deadly? A.It occurred during daytime when people were working B.The fault line was well-known to scientists before the quake. C.The earthquake struck at a shallow depth and at night. D.The city had no building codes in place before 1976. ()4.What can be inferred about the international response to the disaster? A.Most countries refused to send assistance. B.Japan provided significant on-the-ground rescue teams C.Intemnational aid mainly came in the form of medical supplies. D.The Chinese goverment rejected all foreign offers of help. ()5.What is the author's attitude toward the aftermath of the Tangshan earthquake? A.Critical and questioning B.Admiring and respectful. C.Indifferent and detached. D.Pessimistic and hopeless. Passage B When Hurricane Katrina struck the Gulf Coast of the United States in August 2005,it became one of the most destructive natural disasters in American history.The storm surge,reaching up to 28 feet in some areas,overwhelmed the levee system in New Orleans,causing catastrophic flooding that submerged 80% of the city.More than 1,800 people died,and property damage exceeded $100 billion.The disaster exposed deep flaws in the nation's emergency response systems,particularly at the federal level. Yet surprisingly,amid the chaos emerged stories of remarkable human kindness.Ordinary citizens commandeered boats to rescue stranded neighbors;churches and community centers transformed into improvised shelters,and volunteers from across the country descended upon the region to help with cleanup and rebuilding.One such story is that of Dr.John Smith,a retired physician who drove 800 miles from Ohio to volunteer at a makeshift hospital in Baton Rouge."I couldn't just sit and watch on television,"he later recalled."I had skills that were needed,and I felt it was my duty to use them." The long-term recovery of New Orleans has been a complex and ongoing process.In the years following Katrina,the federal government allocated billions of dollars for levee repairs and flood protection.The city's population,which had dropped sharply after the storm,gradually rebounded as residents retumned and new immigrants anived to work on reconstruction projects.However,recovery has been uneven: wealthier neighborhoods rebuilt quickly,while poorer areas-particularly those historically occupied by Afican American communities-struggled for years to obtain adequate funding and resources Critics have pointed out that the disaster revealed troubling patterns of social inequality.Before the storm, New Orleans had one of the highest poverty rates in the country,and those with limited transportation options were least able to evacuate.The failure of the levee system was not merely an engineering failure but also a policy failure,reflecting decades of underinvestment in infrastructure in low-income areas. Scientists now view Hurricane Katrina as a waming about the risks of climate change.While no single storm can be directly attributed to global warming,rising sea levels and warmer ocean temperatures have been shown to increase the intensity ofhurricanes.The lessons of Katrina have prompted cities worldwide to reconsider their disaster preparedness plans.As one urban planner noted,"Katrina taught us that nature always has the final word,but how we prepare for it deterines the difference between a disaster and a catastrophe." ()1.What does the passage suggest about the federal response to Huricane Katrina? A.It was swift and well-coordinated. B.It received praise from intemnational observers. C.It revealed serious weaknesses in emergency management. D.It was entirely successful in preventing loss of life ()2.The phrase"commandeered boats"in paragraph 2 most likely means A.purchased boats B.repaired damaged boats C.took control of boats for emergency use D.built new boats for evacuation ()3.According to paragraph 3,what pattern emerged in the recovery of New Orleans? A.All neighborhoods recovered at the same rate B.Wealthier areas rebuilt faster than poorer ones. C.The recovery was complete within two years. D.Goverment funding was equally distibuted. ()4.What is the author's main argument in paragraph 4? A.The levee system failure was purely an engineering problem B.Social inequality contributed to the severity of the disaster. C.Poor residents had better evacuation options than rich residents. D.The disaster had no connection to race or income levels. ()5.What can be inferred about the long-term significance of Hurricane Katrina? A.It had no lasting impact on disaster policy. B.It only affected the United States,not other countries C.It served as a critical lesson for global disaster preparedness. D.It was quickly forgotten by most Americans. 二、完形填空 When the earthquake struck Nepal in April 2015,I was working as a volunteer in a small village near Kathmandu.The ground shook violently for what felt like an eternity,and within minutes,the village had been(1) to rubble.I remember thinking,"This is it.This is how it ends."But then,as the dust began to (2) something remarkable happened. An old woman emerged from a collapsed house,carying a baby in her arms.She was (3) and bleeding,but she walked steadily toward the center of the village,where people were gathering.Her name was Maya,and she was 72 years old.She had lost her home,her belongings,and her son in the earthquake.Yet she stood there,(4) others. "Don't cry,"she said firmly."We are alive.That is enough to start again." Her words seemed to (5) something deep within the crowd.Within an hour,villagers had organized themselves into rescue teams.Young men and women(6) through the debris looking for survivors.Women set up a makeshift kitchen using salvaged pots and pans.Children ran to fetch water from the nearest stream.No one(7)orders;everyone simply knew what to do Maya became the heart of the recovery effort.She(8) food and water,comforted the grieving and even helped (9) the bodies of the dead with respect and dignity.When I asked her where she found the strength,she looked at me with (10) eyes and said,"In the village,we have a saying:When the mountain falls,the valley must rise." Days tumned into weeks,and weeks into months.International aid eventually arived,but by then,the villagers had already(11) much of the work themselves.They had cleared roads,rebuilt temporary shelters,and started planting crops.The earthquake had (12) their homes,but it had not destroyed their spirit. I stayed in the village for three more months.When I finally left,Maya gave me a small stone from the ruins ofher house."Take this,"she said."It will remind you that even the strongest(13) can be rebuilt." To this day,that stone sits on my desk.Every time I(14) it,I am reminded of the lesson I learned in that village:The (15) of a community is not measured by its buildings,but by the hearts ofits people. 1.A.added B.reduced C.turned D.put 2.A.settle B.clear C.change D.fall 3.A.injured B.shocked C.excited D.amused 4.A.comforting B.ignoring C.blaming D.questioning 5.A.destroy B.bury C.awaken D.control 6.A.dug B.walked C.ran D.jumped 7.A.gave B.followed C.received D.needed 8.A.distributed B.wasted C.hid D.stole 9.A.bury B.burn C.abandon D.separate 10.A.angry B.confused C.peaceful D.frightened 11.A.postponed B.completed C.avoided D.forgotten 12.A.destroyed B.damaged C.built D.protected 13.A.nothing B.anything C.everything D.something 14.A.lose B.break C.touch D.ignore 15.A.weakness B.wealth C.strength D.size 三、阅读短文回答问题 Read the following passage and answer the questions in complete sentences In 2023,a series of devastating wildfires swept across the Hawaiian island of Maui,killing at least 100 people and destroying the historic town of Lahaina.The fires,which were fueled by dry conditions and powerful winds from a distant huricane,spread with terifying speed,trapping residents who had little time to evacuate. The Maui fires highlighted the growing threat of "compound disasters"-events where multiple natural phenomena combine to create catastrophic outcomes.In this case,Hurricane Dora,passing hundreds of miles to the south of Hawaii,created strong pressure gradients that produced hurricane-force winds on Maui.These winds,reaching speeds ofup to 80 miles per hour,rapidly spread fires that had started from downed power lines and other sources. What made the Maui fires particularly tragic was the failure of the island's emergency wamning systems Many residents reported that they did not receive any evacuation alerts on their phones.The island's outdoor sirens,which are designed to warn of tsunamis,were not activated for the fires.As a result,many people had only minutes to flee when they saw flames approaching their neighborhoods Environmental scientists have pointed out that climate change is creating conditions for more frequent and intense wildfires worldwide.Warmer temperatures dry out vegetation,tumning forests and grasslands into tinderboxes.Changes in rainfall patterns produce longer droughts in some regions,further increasing fire risk.In Hawaii,non-native grasses that spread after the decline of sugar plantations have created a continuous layer of highly flammable fuel,making the islands particularly vulnerable to fast-moving fires. In the aftermath of the disaster,questions were raised about land use and development policies.Lahaina, once the capital of the Hawaiian Kingdom,had seen rapid growth in tourism and real estate development. Critics argued that this development had encroached upon fire-prone areas and that insufficient attention had been paid to fire prevention and evacuation planning. The recovery effort has been slow and painful.Thousands of displaced residents are still living in hotels and temporary housing.The process ofrebuilding Lahaina has been complicated by disputes over land ownership,environmental regulations,and cultural preservation.Some Native Hawaiian groups have called for a more thoughtful reconstruction that honors the history and culture of the area,rather than simply rebuilding a tourist destination. 1.What is meant by "compound disasters"as mentioned in paragraph 2? 2.Why did many Maui residents fail to receive warnings about the approaching fires? 3.According to the passage,what environmental factors in Hawaii increase the risk of fast-moving wildfires? 4.What criticism did some people make about development in Lahaina before the fires? 5.What is the attitude of some Native Hawaiian groups toward the reconstruction of Lahaina? 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami in Japan was one of the most(1) natural disasters in recorded history.The earthquake,(2) measured 9.0 on the Richter scale,struck off the coast of Honshu,(3) a massive tsunami that reached heights ofup to 40 meters. The disaster had a(4)impact on the country.More than 15,000 people lost their(5) and entire communities were swept away.The damage(6) by the tsunami was so severe that it took years for some areas to recover. One of the most (7) effects of the disaster was the nuclear accident at the Fukushima Daiichi power plant.The tsunami(8) the plant's cooling systems,leading to meltdowns in three reactors.This was the (9) nuclear disaster since Chernobyl in 1986. In the years since the disaster,Japan has made great(10) in its disaster preparedness systems. New seawalls(11) along coastlines,and early warning systems have been upgraded.The Japanese people,known for their(12) have worked tirelessly to rebuild their communities. The Tohoku disaster serves as a powerful(13)ofnature's destructive power and the importance of (14) It also shows the strength of human spirit in the face of(15) .As one survivor said,"We cannot control nature,(16) we can control how we respond to it." 2 3. 4. 5. 6. 2 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 五、写作 假设你是李华，你的美国朋友To来信说他所在的社区最近组织了自然灾害应急演练 (emergency dril)，他对如何在地震中保护自己很感兴趣。请你给他回一封电子邮件，内容包 括： 1.肯定他参加应急演练的做法： 2.介绍地震逃生的基本要点（至少三点)： 3.提醒他保持冷静的重要性。 注意： 1.词数80-100左右： 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯： 3.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。 Dear Tom, I'm glad to hear that you participated in the emergency drill.It's really a wise decision to be prepared for natural disasters. Yours, Li Hua 参考答案 PassageA:1.B 2.B3.C4.C5.B 一、阅读理解 Passage B:6.C 7.C8.B9.B 10.C 二、完形填空1.C2.A3.A4.A5.C6.A7.D8.A9.A10.C11.B12.A13.D14.C15.C 1.Compound disasters are events where multiple natural phenomena combine to create catastrophic outcomes. 2.Because the emergency waming systems failed,many residents did not receive evacuation alerts on their phones,and the outdoor sirens were not activated for the fires 3.Warmer temperatures dry out vegetation,non-native grasses create a continuous layer 三、阅读短文 of flammable fuel,and prolonged droughts increase fire risk. 回答问题 4.Critics argued that development had encroached upon fire-prone areas and that insufficient attention had been paid to fire prevention and evacuation planning. 5.Some Native Hawaiian groups have called for a more thoughtful reconstruction that honors the history and culture of the area,rather than simply rebuilding a tourist destination. 1.powerful 2.which 3.triggering 4.devastating 5.lives 6.caused 7.significant 8 四、短文填空disabled9.worst 10.improvements 11.have been built 12.resilience13.reminder14. preparation 15.adversity 16.but 五、写作 范文： Dear Tom, I'm glad to hear that you participated in the emergency drill.It's really a wise decision to be prepared for natural disasters Here are some key points for earthquake survival.First,during an earthquake,drop,cover,and hold on Find a sturdy table or desk to protect yourself from falling objects.Second,stay away from windows, heavy furniture,and anything that could fall.Third,if you're outdoors,move to an open area away from buildings,power lines,and trees. Most importantly,stay calm.Panic can lead to poor decisions.Remember that earthquakes usually last only seconds.Take deep breaths and focus on protecting yourself.Being prepared helps you stay calm Keep practicing your emergency skills! Yours, Li Hua