Unit 3 Progress（二）-2026-2027学年高中英语教材全解必修二（沪教版）

Unit 3 Progress? 教材全解（二） imply major available option desire reduce design 。单元核心词汇 balance graduate plus eventually concerned fund mirror tear net string mud 。单元同步语法 虚拟语气 ⑦单元文章对话 重点句型讲练 教材同步词汇全解全练 重点1 单元词汇 l.imply/m'plar/v.暗示；暗指 词形变化：implication(n.)含义；暗示；implicit(adj.)隐含的 搭配：imply that.…暗示…；be implied by…被…暗示 辨析：imply(暗示，说话者暗示)vs.infer(推断，听者推断) 例句：What did the speaker imply by saying"we need a change"? The result of the survey implies that most students prefer online classes. 2.major/merd3(r)/adj.主要的；重要的n.主修科目v.主修 词形变化：majority(n.）大多数；major in(v.）主修 搭配：major problem主要问题；play a major role起重要作用；major in English主 修英语 辨析：major(较重大的)vs.main(最主要的)→major强调重要性层级，main强调 核心 例句：Air pollution is a major concern in big cities. She decided to major in economics at university. 3.available/'verlabl/adi.可获得的；可购得的；有空的 词形变化：availability(n.)可用性；有效 搭配：be available to sb.对某人可用；be available for sth.可用于…；make sth. available提供某物 辨析：available≠attainable（可达到的，尤指目标) 例句：The new software will be available next month. Are you available for a meeting tomorrow morning? 4.option/'Dpn/n.选择；可选择的事物 词形变化：optional(adj.)可选的，非强的 搭配：have no option but to do..别无选择只能；keep one's options open保 留选择余地 辨析：option(可选项)vs.choice(选择，更强调主观决定) 例句：Students have the option to take the exam online or on paper, We had no option but to cancel the trip due to the storm 5.desire/d'zae(r)/n.愿望；欲望；渴望 词形变化：desirable(adj.)值得向往的；desirous(adj.）渴望的（正式） 搭配：desire for sth.对…的渴望；desire to do sth.渴望做某事；satisfy one's desire满足愿望 辨析：desire(强烈渴望)vs.wish(愿望，可能性小)vs.want(普通想要) 例句：He expressed a strong desire to learn Chinese, The desire for success drives many young entrepreneurs. 6.reduce/r'diu:s/v.减少；缩小（尺寸/数量等) 词形变化：reduction(n.)减少；reduced(adi.)减少的；降低的 搭配：reduce to(减少到)/reduce by(减少了)；reduce pollution减少污染； reduce the cost降低成本 辨析：reduce(使变小变少)vs.decrease（数量下降，常不及物) 例句：The company plans to reduce its workforce by 10%. Eating less sugar can reduce the risk of heart disease. 7.design/dr'zarn/v.设计；构思n.设计；图案 词形变化：designer(.）设计师；designing(adj.)有预谋的 搭配：be designed for.…为…设计；design a plan制定计划；by design故意地 辨析：design(侧重构思与计划)vs.plan(侧重安排步骤) 例句：The bridge was designed by a famous architect.. This course is designed for beginners. 8.balance/balans/v.同等重视（相对的事物/方面）；使平衡n.平衡；余额 词形变化：balanced(adj.)均衡的；imbalance(n.)失衡 搭配：balance A with B使A与B平衡；keep/1 ose one's balance保持/失去平衡； work-life balance工作与生活平衡 辨析：balance(动态平衡)vs.equilibrium(科学上的平衡状态) 例句：It's important to balance study and relaxation. She balanced the budget by cutting unnecessary expenses. 9.graduate/'graed3ut/v.大学毕业n.大学毕业生 词形变化：graduation(n.)毕业；underg1 raduate(n.)本科生；postgraduate(n.) 研究生 搭配：graduate from…毕业于；graduate in…获得…学位；a college graduate大学毕业生 例句：He graduated from Peking University last year. Many graduates struggle to find jobs that fit their majors. l0.plus/plAs/conj.而且；此外；况且prep.加；加上n.加号；优点 词形变化：无常见派生 搭配：plus size加大号；plus one附加一人；a plus point优点 辨析：plus(口语化，表补充)vs.furthermore(正式) 例句：The trip was exciting,plus we saved a lot of money, Two plus three equals five. ll.eventually/'vent fuali/adv.最终；终于 词形变化：eventual(adj.)最终的；event(n.)事件 搭配：eventually succeed最终成功；可能会与finally,ultimately互换 辨析：eventually(强调经过一段时间后)vs.finally(强调最后步骤) 例句：After years of effort,he eventually became a famous writer. The problem will be solved eventually. 12.concerned/kan's3nd/adj.感兴趣的；关切的；担心的 词形变化：concern(v.h.）涉及；关心；concerning(prep.)关于 搭配：be concerned about/for担心…；be concerned with与…有关；as far as I'm concerned就我而言 辨析：concerned(担忧的)vs.worried(焦虑不安的，语气更强) 例句：Parents are deeply concerned about their children's safety. This book is concerned with the history of the Internet. 考点通关 单元词汇 (一)单句填空（用所给词的适当形式填空） 1.His silence seemed to (imply)that he disagreed with the plan. 2.The (major)of the students voted for the new policy. 3.Is the conference room (available)for the afternoon session? 4.We had no (option)but to accept the offer. 5.She has a strong (desire)to travel around the world after graduation. 6.The government is trying to (reduce)the amount of plastic waste. 7.The new park was (design)for both children and the elderly. 8.To stay healthy,you need to (balance)your diet and exercise. 9.He plans to (graduate)from university with a degree in engineering. 10.The project was difficult, (plus)we were short of time. 11. (eventual),the truth came out and everyone was shocked. 12.Many people are (concern)about the effects of climate change. (二)短文填空 Nowadays,many students 1. (major)in business or technology.However,they also 2. (desire)to learn about art and culture.The school has made more art courses 3. (avail)to meet this need.Students have the 4. (opt)to choose either painting or music.The 5. (design)of the new art building 6. (balance)modern style with traditional elements.7. (eventual),the goal is to create a well-rounded education.Many parents are 8. (concern)that their children may not have enough time for study.But the school 9. (imply）that such courses can 10. (reduce)stress and improve creativity. 参考答案 (一)单句填空 1.imply;2.majority;3.available;4.option;5.desire;6.reduce;7.designed; 8.balance;9.graduate;10.plus;11.Eventually;12.concerned 1.major;2.desire;3.available;4.option;5.design;6.balances;7.Eventually; (二)短文填空 8.concerned;9.implies;10.reduce 教材同步语法全解全练 重点1 虚拟语气 虚拟语气 项目 内容 虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是客观存在的事实，而是一种假设、愿 定义 望、建议、推测或可能，常用来表达与事实相反或难以实现的情况。在高 考英语中，虚拟语气主要出现在条件从句、名词性从句（尤其是宾语从 句、主语从句、表语从句)和特定句型中。 非真实条件句结构：if从句：过去式(be动词用were);主句：would/could/might+动词 (与现在事实原形 相反) If I were you,I would study harder. 非真实条件句结构：if从句：had+过去分词；主句：would/could/might+have+过去分 (与过去事实词 相反) If he had caught the early bus,he would have arrived on time. 非真实条件句结构：f从句：should+动词原形/were to+动词原形/过去式；主 (与将来事实句：would/could/might+动词原形 相反) If it should rain tomorrow,we would cancel the picnic. 宾语从句（建动词：suggest,,propose,,recommend,insist,.order,command,.demand,. 议、命令等动require,request,advise等。结构：that+主语+(should)+动词原形 词) She suggested that we(should)leave at once suggestion,proposal,recommendation,order,demand,requirement, 表语/同位语 request,advice等。结构：that+主语+(should)+动词原形 从句（名词） My suggestion is that the meeting(should)be put off. 形容词：necessary,important,,essential,natural,strange,advisable,desirable 主语从句（形等。结构：Itis+形容词+hat+主语+((should)+动词原形 容词) It is important that everyone(should)follow the rules. 规则：表与现在相反：过去式(be用were);表与过去相反：had+过去分 wish后的宾语词；表与将来相反：would/could+动词原形 从句 ①I wish I were a bird.②I wish I had known the truth.③I wish you would come tomorrow. as if/as 规则：时态规则与wish相同 though从句 1 He looks as if he were sick. 规则：时态规则与wish相同 If only)感叹句 ①If only I had more time！②If only he had listened to me！ It is high time 结构：hat+主语+过去式或should+动词原形 that定语从句④It is high time that we took action suggest/insist/order/recommend+(should)do ;It is necessary/important 本单元高频虚 that+(should)do;)wish+过去式/had done;)as if/though+过去式/had 拟语气结构 done >If I were you,I wouldn't give up.;>I wish I had studied harder last term.; The teacher recommended that every student(should)read the book.;It is 常用例句 strange that he (should)be late today.;They treat me as if I were their own child. 考点通关 虚拟语气 语法专练一：单项选择 (8题) 1.IfI you,I would accept the job offer A.am B.was C.were D.be 2.I wish I him yesterday,but I was busy. A.met B.had met C.would meet D.meet 3.It is essential that every student the experiment carefully. A.do B.does C.did D.will do 4.If it had not rained so heavily,we the match last week A.won B.would win C.would have won D.have won 5.She speaks English as if she a native speaker. A.is B.was C.were D.has been 6.The doctor suggested that he smoking immediately. A.gives up B.gave up C.give up D.has given up 7.It is high time that we measures to protect the environment. A.take B.took C.will take D.have taken 8.If only I more attention to my health when I was young! A.pay B.paid C.had paid D.would pay 语法专练二：语法填空(10题) 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.In the dream,I a scientist. 2.I wished I a new medicine to cure all diseases. 3.If I this ability, 4.many patients their lives. 5.It is necessary that I hard every day. 6.My teacher once suggested that I more books 7.and more experiments. 8.I felt as ifI already a great scientist. 9.If only the dream true one day！ 10.It is high time that I from reality 参考答案 语法专练一：单项选择 1.C;2.B;3.A;4.C;5.C,6.C;7.B;8.C 1.was were;2.had discovered;3.had;4.would be saved; 语法专练二：语法填空 5.(should)work;6.(should)read;7.(should)do;8.were; 9.would come;10.started A 教材同步文章句型精讲 重点句型 英语句型精讲 English,which is now spoken by over 1.5 billion people worldwide,has become the dominant language. 结构：先行词+，+wch+从句（补充说明先行词，去掉后主句依然完整） 中文：英语现在被超过15亿人使用，已经成为主导语言。 用法：which引导非限制性定语从句，不能用that替换。 2.What makes English so successful is its flexibility and adaptability. 结构：What+主语+谓语+is+表语从句（或名词) 中文：是什么让英语如此成功，是它的灵活性和适应性。 用法：What引导主语从句，what=the thing that,谓语动词用单数。 3.allowing it to absorb words ..and evolve over time 结构：主句+，+doing(表示主句带来的自然结果) 中文：使其能够吸收各种词汇并随时间演化。 用法：现在分词短语作结果状语，逻辑主语是主句的主语。 4.Although English is often seen as a global language,it is also a deeply local language with many different varieties and dialects that reflect the cultures... 结构：Although+从句，+主句+with+宾语+定语从句 中文：尽管英语常被看作全球语言，但它也是一种深度的本地语言，有许多反映不同 文化的变体和方言。 用法：although不能与but连用。 5.One of the most interesting aspects of English is its history,which is a story...,spanning over 1,500 years. 结构：One of+复数名词+谓语单数+，which+从句 中文：英语最有趣的方面之一是它的历史，这是一个跨越1500多年的故事。 用法：one of+复数名词作主语，谓语单数；非限制性定语从句补充说history。 6. we are not just learning a language,but also gaining access to a vast body of literature... 结构：not just+并列成分l,but also+并列成分2 中文：我们不仅在学习一门语言，还在获得接触大量文学的机会。 用法：连接并列成分，可换成not only...but also.。 7.gaining access to a vast body of literature 结构：gain access to+名词 中文：获得…的机会/途径 用法：access后常接to,to为介词。 考点通关 文章句型 练习一：完成句子（用所给词的适当形式填空) 1.English,which (speak)by over 1.5 billion people,is widely used. 2. (make)English successful is its adaptability. 3.The company grew rapidly (allow)it to expand globally. 4. (although)English is global,it has many local varieties. 5.One of the reasons for English's success (be)its flexibility. 6.We not just learn grammar,but also (gain）cultural knowledge. 7.With many dialects that (reflect)local cultures, English is rich. 8.Many linguists believe that English (continue)to be dominant. 9.He gained access the museum free of charge.(填介 词) 10.The film (shape)the modern world has a huge influence 练习二：翻译句子（在横线上写出完整句子) 1.英语现在被超过15亿人使用，已经成为国际交流的主要语言。 2.是什么让英语如此成功，是它的灵活性和适应性。 3.尽管英语常被看作全球语言，但它也是一种深度的本地语言。 4.英语最有意思的方面之一是它的历史，它跨越了1500多年。 5.当我们学习英语时，我们不仅在学习一门语言，还在获得接触大量文学的机会。 6.英语的未来不确定，但许多语言学家认为它将继续主导。 7.随着许多反映本地文化的方言，英语是多样的。 8.这本书，出版于2010年，一直很受欢迎。 9.他努力工作，这使他最终成功了。 10. 无论发生什么，我们都不会放弃学习英语。 参考答案 1.is spoken;2.What makes;3.allowing;4.Although;5.is; 练习一：完成句子 6.gain;7.reflect;8.will continue;9.to;10.shaping 1.English,which is now spoken by over 1.5 billion people,has become the dominant language of international communication.;2.What makes English so successful is its flexibility and adaptability.3.Although English is often seen as a global language,it is also a deeply local language.4.One of the most interesting aspects of English is its history,spanning over 1,500 years.;5.When we learn English,we are not just 练习二：翻译句子 learning a language,but also gaining access to a vast body of literature.6.The future of English is uncertain,but many linguists believe that it will continue to be dominant.7.With many varieties that reflect local cultures,English is diverse.; 8.The book,which was published in 2010,has been very popular.9.He worked hard,which finally made him succeed.; 10.Whatever happens,we will not give up learning English. A 教材同步单元练习 一、阅读理解 Passage A For decades,the global dominance of English has seemed an unshakeable fact of modern life.This trend, however,may not be as permanent as it appears.A growing body ofresearch suggests that the future of English as a global lingua franca is being shaped less by the number of native speakers and more by a complex interplay of economic forces,demographic shifts,and technological innovation. One major factor is the rise of other economic powerhouses.As China's economy continues to expand, the practical desire to leamn Mandarin for business,trade,and cultural exchange has surged.Similarly,the tech industries in countries like Japan and South Korea have promoted their languages through popular culture,making learning Japanese or Korean more attractive.This implies that the economic value of English relative to other languages could eventually decrease,leading to a more linguistically diverse business world. Furthermore,the very nature of internet communication is changing.While English was once the primary language of the web,the percentage of English content has steadily declined.Translation tools,like those powered by Al,are also becoming more sophisticated and available.This reduces the pressure on non- native speakers to master English for basic online tasks.A user in Brazil can now navigate a website, watch a tutorial,or read a news article in Portuguese with ease,which was much more difficult a decade ago.This accessibility directly reduces the"digital necessity"that once drove English learning. However,this does not mean English will disappear.It is deeply embedded in intemnational law,aviation, and academic publishing.A more likely scenario is a shift towards a"multilingual equilibrium,where a professional might use English for specific formal conferences but use their local language and another major language for daily business and networking.The key for future generations may no longer be a single universal language,but the skill of navigating a multilingual world,balancing fluency in English with proficiency in another strategically chosen language.The future of global communication is not a single language,but a vibrant,complex,and connected ecosystem. ()1.What is the main idea of the passage? A.English will lose its status as a global language very soon B.The dominance of English faces challenges due to various modern trends. C.Leamning Mandarin is becoming more important than English for business. D.Technological development has made leaming any language unnecessary. ()2.The author implies in Paragraph 2 that the economic value of English A.is increasing due to global trade B.is likely to become less dominant C.will remain unchanged for the foreseeable future D.is determined by the number of its native speakers ()3.According to Paragraph 4,what is the"more likely scenario"for the future? A.English will be phased out gradually B.A single new language will take over English's role C.People will need to be skilled in using multiple languages. D.Professionals will only need English for their daily work. ()4.What does the underlined word"equilibrium"in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A.Competition B.Decline C.State of balance D.Rapid change ()5.What can be inferred from the passage? A.The internet is now dominated by languages other than English B.Leamning a language is no longer necessary thanks to translation tools. C.Economic shifts are a major factor in the changing status of languages. D.The number of native English speakers is the main driver of its global use. Passage B The debate about the influence of global media on local cultures is a heated one.A key concern is whether the widespread dissemination of content from a few dominant cultures,particularly Anglo- American pop culture,is creating a homogeneous global culture,thereby reducing cultural diversity. Critics argue that this"cultural imperialism"erodes local traditions,languages,and values,eventually leaving the world a less colorful place.They point to the global popularity of Hollywood films and American music as evidence However,a closer look at the data and case studies provides a more nuanced picture.The relationship between global media and local culture is not a one-way street.It is often a complex process of adaptation,re-interpretation,and resistance known as"glocalization."Instead of simply accepting foreign content,local cultures actively engage with it,selecting elements that fit their own context and reshaping them.A good example is the adaptation of popular TV show formats.A show's core concept is imported, but the characters,storylines,and humor are localized to reflect the host country's social norms and values Moreover,the very availability of global media platforms has empowered minority cultures in unexpected ways.Powerful stories from small communities can now reach a global audience without needing the backing of a major media corporation.A documentary by an indigenous filmmaker,previously confined to film festivals,can now be streamed to an intemnational audience.This implies that global technology can be a powerful tool for cultural preservation and promotion,rather than just a force of homogenization. Furthermore,the audience is not a passive sponge.Media consumers,especially the younger generation, are sophisticated.They often develop a"dual desire":a desire to connect with global trends and a strengthening desire to affirm their own local identity.They may listen to K-pop while celebrating a local traditional festival.This shows that the result of media globalization is not a reduction in cultural diversity, but a transformation of how it is expressed.The future is likely to be a complex mix of global influences and vibrant local expressions,rather than a boring,uniform culture. ()1.Which of the following best describes the author's attitude towards the"cultural imperialism" theory? A.Strongly supportive. B.Completely dismissive. C.Critically analytical and partly skeptical. D.Unconcemned and indifferent. ()2.The word "homogeneous"in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to A.Diverse B.Advanced C.Unified and uniform D.Commercialized ()3.How does the author support the idea of"glocalization"in Paragraph 2? A.By providing a definition and a clear example. B.By comparing it with the concept of cultural imperialism C.By showing statistics about global media consumption. D.By giving reasons why local cultures are passive ()4.According to Paragraph 3,global media platforms can help minority cultures by A.replacing their traditional stories with global ones B.limiting their access to international audiences C.providing a channel for them to share their stories widely D.forcing them to adopt a more commercial style ()5.What does the"dual desire"in the last paragraph refer to? A.A desire to be both a passive and active consumer. B.A desire for both global connection and local identity. C.A desire for both traditional festivals and modern pop music. D.A desire to protect local culture from foreign influence 二、完形填空 The joumey oflearning a new language is often described as a path to a new world.For many,this path is filled with challenges,especially for adults whose brains are less (1) to acquiring new sounds and grammatical structures.(2) the struggle to form even simple sentences can be frustrating However,the (3) to connect with another culture or advance one's career often provides the necessary motivation.Research (4) that setting clear,achievable goals is essential.Instead of aiming for fluency immediately,learners should(5) their overall goal into smaller,manageable steps-like learning ten new words a day or having a basic 5-minute conversation.This helps maintain momentum and prevents early burnout. The method of leaming is also critical.(6) approaches like attending weekly classes are effective,but they should be complemented with daily immersion.Using language learning apps, listening to music,or watching short videos in the target language can make the process more engaging The key is to create ahabit loop"that (7) structured study with natural,enjoyable exposure. Ultimately,success is not just about intelligence but about persistence.The path to fluency is a marathon, not a sprint.A learner may find they have no(8) but to embrace the discomfort of making mistakes.Each error is a leamning opportunity that brings them closer to their goal.The feeling of having a (9) conversation or understanding a joke in a new language is a powerful reward,making all the effort worthwhile.It is a personal (10) that marks a significant victory over one's former self. 1.A.available B.adaptable C.major D.eventual 2.A.Finally B.Consequently C.Initially D.Optionally 3.A.desire B.implication C.reduction D.option 4.A.concerns B.designs C.implies D.balances 5.A.reduce B.balance C.concem D.design 6.A.Major B.Minor C.Eventual D.Desirable 7.A.concerns B.implies C.balances D.graduates 8.A.option B.desire C.design D.concemn 9.A.main B.major C.eventual D.available 10.A.challenge B.graduation C.reduction D.balance 三、阅读短文回答问题 The phenomenon of "brain drain,"where highly skilled and educated individuals leave their home country to seek better opportunities abroad,has long been a major concern for developing nations.For decades,the narrative was simple:talented graduates from these countries would pursue higher education abroad,often in the West,and then decide not to return home.This represented a massive loss of human capital,a loss of the very people needed to drive economic growth and social progress. The implication was clear:the success of the developing world was being sacrificed for personal advancement in the developed world. However,the 21st century has introduced a new dynamic:"brain circulation."Instead of a one-way outflow,we are now seeing a more complex,multi-directional flow of talent.Improved global connectivity,the rise of emerging economies,and a shifting global landscape have made returning home a more attractive prospect for many migrants.These returning individuals bring back not just their educational qualifications,but invaluable intemational experience,professional networks,exposure to different management styles,and,critically,a global perspective. Furthermore,technology allows for "brain sharing"without physical relocation.A scientist working in Silicon Valley can collaborate in real-time with a research team in Bangalore or Beijing.An entrepreneur in London can mentor a startup in Lagos.This flow of knowledge and expertise, facilitated by digital platforms,means that the benefits of a country's diaspora are no longer completely lost.In fact,a well-connected diaspora network can be a powerful asset,acting as a bridge between the home county and global markets.The modern challenge is not how to stop people from leaving,but how to create an environment that encourages this circulation of talent,tumning a former "brain drain"into a productive "brain gain." 1.According to the passage,what was the traditional major concem of developing nations regarding their skilled individuals? 2.What term is used in the passage to describe the modem,more complex flow of talent? 3.What are TWO specific benefits that returning individuals bring back to their home countries,besides their educational qualifications? 4.According to the author,how can a skilled professional still contibute to their home country without physically moving back? 5.What is the modemn challenge for developing nations as stated in the passage? 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The English language is a living museum of its own history.It possesses a unique(1) to absorb and adopt words from other languages,a trait that has made it so rich.(2) a small Germanic dialect,it began to change dramatically after the Norman Conquest in 1066,which(3) the introduction of thousands of French words.This gave English a "dual nature,"where we have pairs of words like "begin"(Germanic)and "commence"(French). This process of assimilation continues today.As English spreads,it(4) its core structure with a constant influx of new terms from global cultures.The(5) of these words,like "sushi" from Japanese or "piano"from Italian,are adopted to describe new concepts or objects for which no English word existed.This (6) is a testament to the language's dynamic character. Furthermore,with the intemnet,new slang and technical terms can spread like wildfire.While some people are(7) that this rapid change (8) the purity of the language,linguists argue that this is a sign of its health.A living language must adapt or die.The(9) for clear and efficient communication(10) that English will keep borrowing,inventing,and changing, proving that its strength lies not in its rules but in its remarkable adaptability. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 五、写作 你校英文报正在举办一场主题为The Language I Want to Leam Most'的征文活动。请你写一篇短 文投稿，内容包括： 1.介绍你最想学习的一门外语（英语除外）： 2.说明你选择学习该语言的两个主要原因（例如：文化、旅行、职业发展等）； 3.谈谈你打算如何开始学习。 注意： 词数100词左右；可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：major in,eventually,desire,be available to.. Opening: Of all the foreign languages,the one I desire to leamn most is 参考答案 PassageA:1.B 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.C 一、 阅读理解 Passage B:1.C 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.B 二、完形填空 1.B2.C3.A4.C5.B6.A7.C8.A9.B10.B 1.The traditional major concern was the loss of human capital/the loss of the very people needed to drive economic growth and social progress. 2.B1 ain circulation”. 三、阅读短文 3.Invaluable international experience/professional networks/exposure to different management styles/a global perspective. 回答问题 4.Through technology (brain sharing),they can collaborate in real-time on projects, mentor startups,or share knowledge via digital platforms. 5.The modemn challenge is how to create an environment that encourages this circulation of talent,turning a former"brain drain"into a productive "brain gain". 1.flexibility 2.Initially 3.implied 4.balances 5.majority 6.availability 7.concerned 四、短文填空 8.reduces 9.desire 10.implies 五、写作 参考范文： Of all the foreign languages,the one I desire to leam most is Spanish. My reasons are twofold.First,a deep desire to explore the rich cultures of Spain and Latin America drives me.Being able to read original literature and understand the lyrics of passionate songs would be amazing. Second,for my career,which I hope to major in international business,Spanish is highly practical.It is spoken in many growing economies,making it a valuable skill. To begin,I plan to use language learning apps that are available on my phone for daily vocabulary. Eventually,I will look for a language partner online to practice speaking,hoping to balance my learning journey between structured study and real conversation.