Unit 3 The seasons-2026-2027学年七年级英语上册语法专项（沪教版）

U3 The seasons 语法专项 章 语法概览 ★形容词(Adjectives) 章 语法精讲精练一 1.形容词的定义与功能 定义：形容词(Adjective).用来修饰名词或代词，说明人或事物的性质、状态、特征或数 量。 核心功能：在句中只能作定语、表语、补语，不能作谓语（中考最基础易错点）。 2.形容词的基本用法（四大核心考点） (1)作定语（修饰名词，中考高频） 类型 规则与示例 中考考点 ★多个形容词修饰名词的顺序：限定 词→描绘→大小/长短→形状/新旧→颜 形容词放在名词前（绝大多数情况）。 色→国籍/材料→类别→名词 前置定语 例：a beautiful girl,.tall trees 口诀：美小圆旧黄，法国木书房 例：a small round red Chinese wooden table 后置定语 ①修饰不定代词 √中考常考：nothing important/ (something/anything/nothing/everything something interesting等固定搭配 等)时，形容词后置。例：something important②以-able/-ible结尾的形容 词或部分表语形容词 (alone/asleep/awake等)后置。例： the only person awake (2)作表语（放在系动词后，中考高频） 系动词包括： be动词(amis/are/was/were) 感官动词(look/sound/smel/taste/feel) 变化动词(become/get/turn/grow） 保持动词(keep/stay/remain) 考点：形容词作表语时不能直接修饰名词（学生最易混淆的点）。 正确用法 错误用法（混淆点） The flower smells sweet. (sweet作表语，修饰 X The flower smells sweetly.(sweetly是副词， flower) 修饰smell,.但smell是系动词，后面接形容词) The sweet flower is red. (sweetf作定语，修饰 flower) (3)作宾语补足语（放在宾语后，中考中档） 结构：动词+宾语+形容词，形容词补充说明宾语的状态。 常见搭配动词：keep/make/leave/fnd/think/feel等。 例句 说明 We should keep our classroom clean. clean补充说明classroom的状态 The news made him happy happy补充说明him的状态 考点：make/keep+宾语+形容词的固定搭配，常出现在语法填空和完成句子中。 (4)形容词的级（原级/比较级/最高级，中考核心重难点） 级别 结构 示例 中考考点 as+形容词原级+as (和…一样)not as/s0 This book is as interesting 否定形式not as.…as=not 原级 +形容词原级+as(不 as that one so..as;单选常考辨析。 如…) 变形规则(good→better,, Lily is taller than Lucy. 比较级+than the+比较 bad→vorse, 比较级 级，the+比较级 The more you read,the many→more);than前不 wiser you are. 加the;常考语法填空。 最高级 the+最高级+名词+ This is the most beautiful 最高级前加the;范围介词 范围(in/of.…)one of the city in China.He is one of in(地点)/of(群 +最高级+复数名词 the hardest-working 体)；特殊变形 students. (far→farthest/.furthest))。 3.易混考点辨析（中考必考） 易混点 区别 例句 形容词修饰名词/代词；副词修饰动 He is a careful boy.(形容词)/He 形容词vs副词 词/形容词/副词/整个句子。 does his homework carefully.(副词) She is a friendly girl..(正确)/She is 以y结尾的 常见：friendly,lovely,,lonely,lively, friendlier than me.（(比较级为 形容词 daily等，本身是形容词。 friendlier,最高级friendliest,.易错 点) 考点提示：词性转换中考常考(care-→careful-→carefully),语法填空高频。 二、专项训练（中考/名校月考难度） (一)单项选择 1.-What do you think of the movie?-It's than the last one.I want to watch it again. A.interesting B.more interesting C.most interesting D.the most interesting 2.There is in today's newspaper.Let's watch TV instead. A.important nothing B.nothing important C.important anything D.anything important 3.The little girl looked when she heard the good news. A.happily B.happy C.happiness D.happier 4.-Which is the blue shirt or the red one? A.beautiful B.more beautiful C.most beautiful D.the most beautiful 5.We should keep in the reading room A.quietly B.quiet C.quietly D.quietness 6.This is useful book I have ever read.I learned a lot from it. A.a B.an C.the most D.most 7.The we prepare,the we will feel in the exam. A.more;more confident B.much;confident C.most,most confident D.many;confident 8.—Is this book ?-Yes,it's my favorite.I like it very much. A.yours B.your C.you D.yourself 9.The cake tastes Can I have another piece? A.well B.good C.better D.best 10.My mother is a woman.She always takes good care of our family. A.love B.lovely C.loving D.lover (二)语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内所给单词的适当形式，使短文通顺、完整。 My best friend is Lily.She is a (love)girl with big eyes.She is not only (help)but also hard-working.Every moming,she gets up (early)than me to read English.She always gets good grades because she studies (careful) Last week,we had a school trip to the countryside.The scenery there was (beautiful)than I expected.We picked fresh fruits and fed small animals.Lily was (excite)than any other student.She took many photos and told me that she wanted to visit there again. On the way back,I felt a little tired.Lily noticed it and shared her water with me.She is really a (care)friend.I think she is one of the (popular)students in our class. Do you want to make friends with a girl like her?If you do,you will have a (wonder)time. She is always ready to help others and never says a bad word about anyone.She is truly a (value)friend (三)完成句子 1.这本书和那本书一样有趣。This book is that one. 2.他是我们班最勤奋的学生之一。Heis the students in our class. 3.请保持教室干净整洁。Please the classroom and 4.这件衣服不如那件漂亮。 This dress is that one. 5.你越努力，就会越优秀。 you work. you will be. 6.我有一些重要的事情要告诉你。Ihave to tell you. 7.这种花闻起来很香。This kind of flower 8.她是一个友好的女孩，我们都喜欢和她相处。She is a girl.We all like with her. 9.这是我看过的最感人的电影。This is the movie I have ever seen. 10.他的爸爸看起来很年轻，其实他已经四十多岁了。His father looks but he is in his forties. 三、参考答案 (一)单项 1.B;2.B;3.B;4.B;5.B6.C;7.A;8.A;9.B;10.B 选择 (二)语法 1.lovely 2.helpful 3.earlier 4.carefully 5.more beautiful 6.more excited 填空 7.caring 8.most popular 9.wonderful 10.valuable 1.as interesting as 2.one of;most hard-working 3.keep;clean;tidy 4.not as/so (三)完成 句子 beautiful as 5.The harder;the better ;6.something important 7.smells sweet 8.friendly;to get on/along ;9.most moving 10.very young 语法精讲精练二 1.形容词的定义与功能 定义：形容词(Adjective)是用来修饰名词或代词，说明人或事物的性质、状态、 特征或数量的词。 核心考点：形容词在句中只能作定语、表语、宾补，不能作谓语，这是中考最基础 的易错点。 2.形容词的基本用法（四大核心考点） (1)作定语（修饰名词，中考高频） 类型 说明 例句 形容词放在名词前（绝大多 a beautiful girl(一个漂亮的女 前置定语 数情况) 孩)；tall trees(高大的树) 多个形容词顺序 限定词→描绘词一→大小/长短 a small round red Chinese →形状/新旧→颜色→国籍/ wooden table（一张红色的、 材料→类别→名词 小圆的、中国木制的桌子) ①修饰不定代词 I have something important to 后置定语 (something/anything/nothing/e tell you..(我有重要的事告诉 verything等)时，形容词后置 你) ②以-able/-ible结尾的形容词 修饰名词时可后置；部分表 the only person awake(唯一 语形容词（alone/asleep/awake 醒着的人) 等)后置 口诀（帮助记忆多个形容词顺序)：美小圆旧黄，法国木书房 (美=描绘，小=大小，圆=形状，旧=新旧，黄=颜色，法国=国籍，木=材料，书房=类 别) (2)作表语（放在系动词后，中考高频） 系动词包括： √be动词(am/is/are/was/were) √感官动词(1 ook/sound/smell/taste/feel) √变化动词(become/get/tum/grow) √保持动词(keep/stay/remain) 考点：形容词作表语时，不能直接修饰名词。 ★例：The flower smells sweet.(这朵花闻起来很香。→sweet作表语，修饰flower) ★易错辨析：The sweet1 f lower is red..(sweetf作定语，修饰iflower) (3)作宾语补足语（放在宾语后，中考中档） 结构：动词+宾语+形容词，形容词补充说明宾语的状态 常见搭配动词：keep/make/leave/find/think/feel等 ★例：We should keep our classroom clean.(我们，应该保持教室干净。) ★考点：make/keep+宾语+形容词的固定搭配，常出现在语法填空和完成句子中。 (④)形容词的级（原级/比较级/最高级，中考核心重难点） 级别 结构 例句 考点提示 否定形式：not as+形容词原级+as This book is as 原级 (和…一样) as/so.as（不 interesting as that one. 如…) 比较级 比较级+han Lily is taller than Lucy. 特殊变形： good/well-→better; bad/badly-→wose; 1many/much→1moIe the+比较级，he+ The more you read,the 比较级（越… than前不加the wiser you are. 越…) the+最高级+名词 This is the most 最高级前加the; 最高级 +范围(inof.) beautiful city in China im+地点，of什群体 one of the+最高级+ He is one of the 最高级特殊变形： 复数名词（最…之 hardest-working far->farthest/furthest 一) students. 3.易混考点辨析（中考必考) (1)形容词vs副词 词性 修饰对象 例句 形容词 名词/代词 He is a careful boy He does his homework 副词 动词/形容词/副词/整个句子 carefully. 考点：词性转换，常考词形变化(care→careful-→>carefully),语法填空高频。 (2)以-y结尾的形容词 不是所有以-y结尾的词都是副词！部分以-y结尾的词是形容词，如： friendly(友好的)、lovely(何爱的)、lonely(孤独的)、lively(活泼的)、daily (每日的) ★例：She is a friendly girl.(正确) ★易错点：friendly的比较级为friendlier,最高级friendliest(中考常考) 二、专项训练 (一)单项选择（共10题) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.-What do you think of the movie?-It's than the last one.I want to watch it again. A.interesting B.more interesting C.most interesting D.the most interesting 2.There is in today's newspaper.Let's watch TV instead. A.important nothing B.nothing important C.important anything D.anything important 3.The little girl looked when she heard the good news. A.happily B.happy C.happiness D.happier 4.-Which is the blue shirt or the red one? A.beautiful B.more beautiful C.most beautiful D.the most beautiful 5.We should keep in the reading room A.quietly B.quiet C.quietly D.quietness 6.This is useful book I have ever read.I learned a lot from it. A.a B.an C.the most D.most 7.The we prepare,the we will feel in the exam. A.more;more confident B.much;confident C.most;most confident D.many;confident 8.-Is this book ?-Yes,it's my favorite.I like it very much A.yours B.your C.you D.yourself 9.The food in this restaurant smells I want to eat more. A.well B.good C.badly D.wonderfully 10.She is one of girls in our class. A.most popular B.the most popular C.more popular D.the more popular (二)语法填空（共10空) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内所给单词的适当形式，使短文通顺、完整。 My best friend is Lily.She is a 1. (love)girl with big eyes.She is not only 2. (help)but also hard-working.Every morning,she gets up 3. (early)than me to read English.She always gets good grades because she studies 4. (careful). Last week,we had a school trip to the countryside.The scenery there was 5. (beautiful)than I expected.We picked fresh fruits and fed small animals.Lily was 6. (excite)than any other student.She took many photos and told me that she wanted to visit there again. On the way back,I felt a little tired.Lily noticed it and shared her water with me.She is really a7. (care)friend.I think she is one of the 8.(popular)students in our class. Do you want to make friends with a girl like her?If you do,you will have a 9. (wonder)time.She is always ready to help others and never says a bad word about anyone She is truly a 10. (value)friend. (三)完成句子（共10题) 1.这本书和那本书一样有趣。 This book is that one. 2.他是我们班最勤奋的学生之一。 Heis students in our class. 3.请保持教室干净整洁。 Please the classroom 4.这件衣服不如那件漂亮。 This dress is that one. 5.你越努力，就会越优秀。 you work, you will be. 6.我有一些重要的事情要告诉你。 Ihave to tell you. 7.这种花闻起来很香。 This kind of flower 8她是一个友好的女孩，我们都喜欢和她相处。 She is a girl.We all like with her. 9这是我看过的最感人的电影。 This is the movie I have ever seen. 10.他的爸爸看起来很年轻，其实他已经四十多岁了。 His father looks but he is in his forties. 三、参考答案 (一)单项 1.B;2.B;3.B;4.B;5.B;6.C;7.A;8.A;9.B;10.B 选择 (二)语法 1.lovely 2.helpful 3.earlier 4.carefully 5.more beautiful 6.more excited 填空 7.caring ;8.most popular ;9.wonderful 10.valuable (三)完成 1.as interesting as 2.one of the most hard-working 3.keep;clean and tidy 4.not 句子 as/so beautiful as 5.The harder,the better 6.something important 7.smells sweet 8.fiiendly,to get on/along ;9.most moving 10.very young