Unit 1 Friendship-2026-2027学年七年级英语上册语法专项（沪教版）

U1 Friendship 语法专项 章 语法概览 ★特殊疑问词引导的特殊疑问句(Wh-questions) ★特殊疑问词引导的特殊疑问句(Wh-questions) 语法精讲精练一 1.定义与功能 定义：特殊疑问句(Wh-questions)是以特殊疑问词(What,Who,Where,.When,Wiy,How 等)开头的问句，用于询问具体信息（如事物、人物、地点、时间、原因、方式等）。 核心功能：不能简单回答“YsNo”,必须给出具体信息作为回答。 基本结构：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句语序（助动词/情态动词/b动词+主语+谓 语..？) 例外情况：当疑问词作主语或修饰主语时，语序为陈述句语序（疑问词+谓语+宾 语..？)。 2.八大核心特殊疑问词（中考必考） 下表总结了最重要的疑问词及其功能和用法： 含义 典型例句（中考难 疑问词 询问对象 回答示例 度) What is your 事物、事件、行 My name is Tom./ What 什么 name?/What does 为、职业等 He is a doctor. he do? Who is that boy?/ 人物（身份、姓 He is my brother./ Who 谁 Who broke the 名) Jack did. window? 人物（宾语，在口 Whom did you Whom 谁 语中常被Who替 meet yesterday? I met my teacher. 换) (较正式) Where is the It's behind the Where 哪里 地点、位置 library?/Where do building./I live in you live? Nanjing. When is your 时间（具体时点、 It's on June 1st./I When 什么时候 birthday?/When 日期等) arrived at 8 p.m. did you arrive? Why are you late Because I missed Why 为什么 原因、理由 again?/Why do the bus.Because you like it? it's fun. How do you go to How 如何/怎样 方式、程度、状况 school?/How are By bike./I'm fine. you? Which color do 人或事物（有范围 Which 哪一个 you like,red or I like red. 限定) blue? Whose book is It's mine./Lily's is Whose 谁的 所属关系 this?/Whose bag heavier. is heavier? 3.深入考点：How的复合形式 “How可以与形容词或副词连用，构成更具体的特殊疑问词，这是中考的高频考点。 复合疑问词 含义 询问方向 典型例句 How many 多少 How many students are 可数名词的数量 there in your class? How much water do you How much 多少 不可数名词的数量/价格 need?/How much is this book? How old 多大 年龄 How old is your mother? How often 多久一次 频率 How often do you go to the gym? How long is the table?/ How long 多长/多久 长度/时间长短 How long did the meeting last? How far is it from your How far 多远 距离 home to school? How soon 多久以后 将来时间 How soon will he be back? 4.易混考点与结构辨析（中考必考） 考点①：疑问词作主语vs.作宾语 当疑问词作主语或修饰主语时，语序是陈述句语序（疑问词+谓语+其他）。 例：Who likes apples?(Who是主语)-&anp,gt,My mother likes apples. 例：Which book is new?(Which修饰主语book)->The red one is new. 当疑问词作宾语或状语时，语序是疑问句语序（疑问词+助动词/情态动词+主语+ 谓语)。 例：What do you like?(What作lile的宾语)-&gt,I like apples, 例：Where does she live?(Where作地点状语)-&gt She lives in Shanghai 考点②：Why的两个回答 用Because引导回答原因（最常见）。 例：Why are you so happy?Because I got a present.. 不定式作目的状语回答“为了…”。 例：Why did you go there?To see my grandpa.(口语中可直接用To) 考点③：What.for?与Why.?的区别 What.for?提问目的，侧重于“目的是什么”，可回答“To..”或“For.”。 例：What did you go there for?(你去那儿是干嘛？)-&gt,To see my grandpa. Why.?提问原因，侧重于“原因是什么”，常用Becausel回答。 例：Why did you go there?(你为什么去那儿？)-&gt Because I missed my grandpa. 考点④：Whose vs.Who's Whose是疑问代词，询问“谁的”。 例：Whose pen is this?(这是谁的笔？) Who's是Who is的缩写。 例：Who's your teacher?(你的老师是谁？) 易错提醒：词形相近，但功能完全不同，中考单选常设陷阱。 二、 专项训练（中考/名校月考难度，每大题8-10题） (一)单项选择 1. is your schoolbag? A.How many B.How much C.How long D.How far 2. did you finish your homework? A.What B.Where C.When D.Why 3.- is the boy under the tree?-He is my cousin,Mike. A.Where B.Which C.Who D.Whose 4. do you usually go to the zoo? A.How B.What C.When D.Why 5. is the nearest hospital from here? A.How long B.How soon C.How far D.How often 6. do you do morning exercises? A.How long B.How often C.How soon D.How far 7. visited our school last week?-A group ofAmerican students did. A.What B.Who C.Whose D.When 8. will you finish the work? A.How often B.How long C.How soon D.How far 9. is the meaning of this word? A.How B.What C.Which D.Who 10.— do you like traveling by train?-Because I can enjoy the scenery outside A.How B.What C.When D.Why (二)对划线部分提问 1.My mother is a nurse your mother 2.The supermarket is behind the school the supermarket? 3.I go to the park twice a month you go to the park? 4.The new bike is Mike's is the new bike? 5.Tom went to London because he wanted to see his uncle Tom go to London? 6.She takes the subway to work every day. she to work every day? 7.My cousin is 15 years old your cousin? 8.There are ten desks in the classroom. desks are there in the classroom? 9.We will leave for Beijing in two weeks will you leave for Beijing? 10.She likes the red dress best. dress she like best? (三)完成句子 1.你妈妈多久做一次饭？ your mother cook? 2.为什么他看起来那么难过？ he so sad? 3.从上海到北京有多远？ is it from Shanghai to Beijing? 4.这是谁的外套？ is this? 5.你周末通常做什么？ you usually on weekends? 6你爸爸从事什么工作？ your father 2 7.你要去哪？ you 8她看了多久的电视？ did she watch TV? 9.哪个城市你更喜欢，北京还是上海？ city do you like Beijing or Shanghai? 10.这张桌子多长？ is the table? 三、参考答案 (一)单项 1.B;2.C;3.C;4.A)5.C;6.B;7.B;8.C;9.B;10.D 选择 (二)对划 1.What does;do 2.Where is 3.How often do 4.Whose bike 5.Why did 6.How 线部分提问 does;go 7.How old is 8.How many 9.How soon 10.Which;does (三)完成 1.How often does 2.Why does;look 3.How far 4.Whose coat 5.What do;do 句子 6.What does;do 7.Where are;going 8.How long 9.Which;better 10.How long