Unit 7 Fun after school-2026-2027学年七年级英语上册语法专项（沪教版）

U7 Fun after school 语法专项 章 语法概览 ★一般过去时(The simple past) 章 语法精讲精练— 1.定义与功能 定义 功能 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在 强调动作或状态在过去完成，与现在无关。 的状态。 标志词：yesterday,.last.,.ago,in2000,the day 句子中常有明确表示过去的时间状语。 before yesterday,just now等。 例句： I went to the park yesterday.(我昨天去了公园。) She was very happy last night..(她昨晚很开心。) 2.动词过去式的构成规则（中考高频） 情况 规则 例词 般动词 直接加-ed work-worked,play-played 以e结尾的动词 加-d live→lived,.like→liked 以“辅音字母+y”结尾 变y为i再加-ed study→studied,ty→tried 以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有 双写辅音字母再加-ed stop→stopped,plan→planned 个辅音字母 不规则动词需单独记忆（中考常考）： 原形 过去式 原形 过去式 go went have/has had do/does did see saw eat ate take took is/am was are were get got make made say said tell told come came buy bought 3.四大核心考点 (1)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态 结构：主语+动词过去式+其他. 例：He visited the museum last Sunday. (2)常用的时间状语（标志词） 类别 常见词组 yesterday morning afternoon evening the day 以yesterday结尾 before yesterday 以last开头 last night week month year summer 以ago结尾 two days ago,a week ago,three years ago 具体过去时间 in 2010,on June 1st,at that time,just now (3)动词形式的变化一一否定句和疑问句（中考核心） 句型 结构 例句 肯定句 主语+动词过去式+其他. I had lunch at school. 主语+didn't+动词原形+ 否定句 I didn't have lunch at school. 其他. Did+主语+动词原形+其 一般疑问句 Did you have lunch at school? 他？ 疑问词+did+主语+动词 特殊疑问句 Where did you have lunch? 原形+其他？ 注意：be动词(was/were)的否定和疑问不用助动词did: 否定：主语+wasn't/weren't+其他， 疑问：Was/Were+主语+其他？ (4)一般过去时与一般现在时的区别（易混考点） 时态 时间 动词形式 例句 经常、习惯、客观事 He gets up at 7 every 一般现在时 动词原形/三单 实 day. He got up at 7 般过去时 过去某时 动词过去式 yesterday. 判断要点：注意时间状语，如every day/always(一般现在时)；yesterday/last week（一般 过去时)。 4.不规则动词记忆口诀（辅助） 今天go去，昨天went回； 现在have有，过去had也； see看见saw了，eat吃了ate; do做了did,是was/were对。 二、专项训练（中考/名校月考难度，共三大题） (一)单项选择（每小题1分，共10分） 1.-What did you do last weekend? A.visit B.visited C.visits D.visiting 2.She to school by bike yesterday morning. A.go B.goes C.went D.going 3.— you your homework last night?-Yes,I did A.Do;do B.Did;do C.Did;did D.Does;do 4.My family and I at home the day before yesterday. A.was B.are C.were D.is 5.He see a movie last night because he was too busy A.doesn't B.didn't C.wasn't D.not 6.-When you the new bike? A.do;buy B.did;buy C.did;bought D.do;bought 7.Tom and his friends a good time at the party just now. A.has B.have C.had D.having 8.I a strange dream last night.I was flying in the sky A.have B.had C.has D.having 9.The weather terrible yesterday.It rained all day. A.is B.was C.are D.were 10.-Did you eat anything for breakfast? A.don't B.wasn't C.didn't D.not (二)语法填空（阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，每空一词，共10分） Last Sunday,I 1. (get)up very early.I 2. (have)a quick breakfast and then 3. (go)to the park with my parents.The park 4. (be)beautiful.We 5. (see) many flowers and trees.I 6. (take)a lot of photos there.At noon,we 7. (eat)lunch under a big tree.After lunch,we 8. (ly）a kite.The kite9. (be)very high.We 10. (feel)very happy that day (三)完成句子 1.我昨天早上六点起床。I at six yesterday morning 2.他们上周没有去游泳。They swimming last week 3.你昨晚看了那部电影吗？ you that movie last night? 4.她三年前是一名老师。She a teacher three years 5.我们上周末在公园里玩得很开心。W® a great time the park last weekend. 6.他昨天晚上没做作业。He his homework last night 7.你们什么时候到达北京？When you in Beijing? 8.前两天我买了一本新书。I a new book the day yesterday. 9昨天下雨了，所以我们待在家里。t yesterday,so we at home 10.李华刚才去了图书馆。LiHua to the library just 三、参考答案 (一)单项 1.B;2.C;3.B;4.C;5.B;6.B;7.C;8.B;9.B;10.C 选择 (二)语法 1.got 2.had 3.went 4.was 5.saw 6.took 7.ate 8.flew 9.was 10.felt 填空 (三)完成 1.got up 2.didn't go 3.Did;see/watch 4.was;ago 5.had;in 6.didn't do 7.did; 句子 arrive 8.bought;before 9.rained;stayed 10.went;now 章 语法精讲精练二 1.形容词的定义与功能 定义：形容词(Adjective)用来修饰名词/代词，说明人或事物的性质、状态、特征或数 量的词。 核心考点：形容词在句中只能作定语、表语、补语，不能作谓语，这是中考最基础的易 错点。 2.形容词的基本用法（四大核心考点） (1)作定语（修饰名词，中考高频） 类型 说明 例句 考点提示 ★多个形容词顺 序：限定词→描绘 大小/长短→形状/新 a beautiful girl(一个 旧→颜色→国籍/材 形容词放在名词前 前置定语 漂亮的女孩)、tal 料一类别→名词 (绝大多数情况) trees（高大的树) 口诀：美小圆旧黄， 法国木书房 例：a small round red Chinese wooden table ①修饰不定代词 something/anything/ nothing/everything 等) ①I have something √形容词后置为固 important to tell you. 后置定语 ②以-able/ible结尾 定结构，不可调换顺 的形容词或表语形容 ②the only person 序 awake 词 (alone/asleep/awake 等) (2) 作表语（放在系动词后，中考高频) 系动词类别 常见词 例句 易错警示 形容词作表语≠副 词修饰动词 比较： am /is are/was/ The flower smells be动词 √The sweet flower is were sweet. ied.(sweet作定语) √The flower smells sweet. (sweet作表 语) look sound smell/ 感官动词 He looks tired. taste/feel 变化动词 become/get/turn/ It gets dark. grow 保持动词 keep/stay /remain Stay calm. (3)作宾语补足语 (放在宾语后，中考中档) 结构 常见搭配动词 例句 常考搭配 make/keep+宾语+ 动词+宾语+形容 keep/make/leave/ We should keep our 形容词（语法填空 词 find think/feel classroom clean. &amp,完成句子 高频) (4)形容词的级（原级/比较级/最高级，中考核心重难点） 级别 结构 例句 考点 as+形容词原级+as (和…一样) 否定形式中not This book is as 原级 not as/so+形容词原 as.as可替换为not 级+as(不 interesting as that one. s0.as,常考辨析 如…) ★特殊变形： 形容词比较级+han good/well→better, the+比较级，he+ Lily is taller than Lucy. 比较级 比较级（越… The more you read,the bad/badly→worse, wiser you are. many/much→1moIe 越…) than前不加the 最高级 he+形容词最高级+ This is the most ★最高级前加he; 名词+范围 beautiful city in China 范围介词：in+地 (in/of...) He is one of the 点，of+群体 one of the+形容词最 hardest-working 特殊变形：far→ 高级+复数名词 students farthest/furthest (最…之一) 3.易混考点辨析（中考必考) 易混点 区分方法 正例 反例 注意 He is a careful 形容词修饰名 boy.（形容词) 词性转换常考： 词/代词；副词 He does his X He is carefully 形容词vs副词 修饰动词/形容 homework (应作careful) ca1e→careful→ carefully 词/副词/整句 carefully.(副 词) 常见词： She is a friendly 不是所有-y结 X She is more fiiendly,lovely, 以-y结尾的形 grl.（定语) 尾都是副词！这 fiiendly.(比较 lonely,lively, She is friendlier 容词 部分词仍是形容 级应为 daiy比较级/最 than me..(比较 词 fiiendlier) 高级为fiendlier 级) /friendliest 二、专项训练 (一)单项选择（共8小题)》 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.-What do you think of the movie?-It's than the last one.I want to watch it again A.interesting B.more interesting C.most interesting D.the most interesting 2.There is in today's newspaper.Let's watch TV instead. A.important nothing B.nothing important C.important anything D.anything important 3.The little girl looked when she heard the good news. A.happily B.happy C.happiness D.happier 4.-Which is the blue shirt or the red one? A.beautiful B.more beautiful C.most beautiful D.the most beautiful 5.We should keep in the reading room. A.quietly B.quiet C.quietly D.quietness 6.This is useful book I have ever read.I learned a lot from it A.a B.an C.the most D.most 7.The we prepare,the we will feel in the exam. A.more;more confident B.much;confident C.most;most confident D.many;confident 8.-Is this book ?-Yes,it's my favorite.I like it very much A.yours B.your C.you D.yourself (二)语法填空（共10小题） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内所给单词的适当形式，使短文通顺、完整。 My best friend is Lily.She is a 1. (love)girl with big eyes.She is not only 2. (help)but also hard-working.Every morning,she gets up 3. (early)than me to read English.She always gets good grades because she studies 4. (careful). Last week,we had a school trip to the countryside.The scenery there was 5. (beautiful)than I expected.We picked fresh fruits and fed small animals.Lily was 6. (excite)than any other student.She took many photos and told me that she wanted to visit there again. On the way back,I felt a little tired.Lily noticed it and shared her water with me.She is really a7. (care)friend.I think she is one of the 8.(popular)students in our class. Do you want to make friends with a girl like her?If you do,you will have a 9. (wonder)time.She is always ready to help others and never says a bad word about anyone. She is truly a 10. (value)friend. (三)完成句子（共10小题) 1.这本书和那本书一样有趣。 This book is that one. 2.他是我们班最勤奋的学生之一。 Heis the students in our class 3.请保持教室干净整洁。 Please the classroom and 4.这件衣服不如那件漂亮。 This dress is that one. 5.你越努力，就会越优秀。 you work, you will be. 6.我有一些重要的事情要告诉你。 I have to tell you. 7.这种花闻起来很香。 This kind of flower 8.她是一个友好的女孩，我们都喜欢和她相处。 She is a girl.We all like with her. 9这是我看过的最感人的电影。 This is the movie I have ever seen. 10他的爸爸看起来很年轻，其实他已经四十多岁了。 His father looks but he is in his forties. 三、参考答案 (一)单项 1.B;2.B;3.B;4.B;5.B;6.C;7.A;8.A 选择 (二)语法 1.lovely 2.helpful ;3.earlier 4.carefully 5.more beautiful 6.more excited 填空 7.caring 8.most popular 9.wonderful 10.valuable (三)完成 1.as interesting as 2.one of the most hard-working 3.keep;clean;tidy 4.not 句子 as/so beautiful as ;5.The harder,the better ;6.something important 7.smells sweet 8.friendly;to get on/along ;9.most moving 10.very young