Unit 2知识清单 2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册

该初中英语知识清单聚焦九年级上册Unit 2“鼓舞人心的人物”主题，系统整合核心内容。以重点词汇（如inspiring、admire）及变形（动词-名词-形容词转化）为基础，衔接核心短语（look up to、succeed in doing）和句型（It作形式主语、定语从句），搭建从语言输入到综合运用的学习支架。 知识链路按“词汇积累-语法突破-应用实践”逻辑推进，语法部分细化It作形式主语三种句型及定语从句初步，通过对比表格和记忆口诀强化理解。配套巩固练习涵盖填空、选择、完成句子，分层训练语言知识运用，助力学生在主题语境中提升语言能力，培养分析归纳的思维品质与高效学习策略。

2024人教版英语九年级上册 Unit 2 Inspiring People知识清单 📖 单元主题：鼓舞人心的人物 —— 学习古今中外榜样人物，掌握It作形式主语的三种句型 & 定语从句初步 一、重点单词 English 中文 拓展/变形 inspiring 鼓舞人心的；激励的 inspire v. → inspiration n. 鼓舞人心的人/灵感 admire 钦佩；赞赏 admire sb. for sth. 因某事钦佩某人；admiration n. historian 历史学家 history n. → historian n.（研究历史的人） researcher 研究人员 research n./v. 研究 → researcher n. chemist 化学家 chemistry n. → chemist n. physicist 物理学家 physics n. → physicist n. hunger 饥饿 hungry adj. → hunger n.；die of hunger 饿死 calendar 日历 check the calendar 查看日历 discovery 发现 discover v. → discovery n.（复数discoveries） century 世纪 the 21st century 二十一世纪 wounded 受伤的；负伤的 wound v./n. 受伤/伤口；the wounded 伤员（复数） nation 国家；民族 national adj. 国家的；the Chinese nation 中华民族 spread 传播；散布 spread-spread-spread（不规则！） disease 疾病 prevent a disease 预防疾病 pioneer 先驱；先锋 the pioneer of... ……的先驱 balance 平衡 keep a balance between...and... 在……之间保持平衡 courage 勇气；勇敢 encourage v. 鼓励；take courage 鼓起勇气 wisdom 智慧；学问 wise adj. → wisdom n.（拼写变化！） brave 勇敢的 brave the cold 勇敢面对严寒（作动词）；bravery n. necessary 必要的；必需的 if necessary 如果有必要 western 西方的；西部的 Western countries 西方国家 scientific 科学（上）的 science n. → scientist n. → scientific adj. biologist 生物学家 biology n. 生物学 → biologist n. whole 所有的；完全的 the whole day 一整天 = all day forever 永远 disappear forever 永远消失 radio 无线电；收音机 on the radio 通过收音机；listen to the radio collection 收集物；收藏品 collect v. → collection n.；stamp collection 集邮 exploration 探索 explore v. → exploration n. universe 宇宙 the universe 宇宙 inventor 发明家 invent v. → invention n. → inventor n. whether 是否 whether...or not 是否（与or not连用必用whether） kindness 善良 kind adj. → kindness n.；out of kindness 出于善意 二、词汇变形汇总 1. inspire v. 鼓舞 → inspiring adj.（物）鼓舞人心的 → inspired adj.（人）受鼓舞的 1. admire v. 钦佩 → admiration n. 钦佩；admirable adj. 令人钦佩的 1. history n. 历史 → historian n. 历史学家 → historical adj. 历史的 1. research n./v. 研究 → researcher n. 研究人员 1. chemistry n. 化学 → chemist n. 化学家 → chemical adj. 化学的 1. physics n. 物理 → physicist n. 物理学家 → physical adj. 物理的 1. hunger n. 饥饿 → hungry adj. 饥饿的 1. discover v. 发现 → discovery n.（复数discoveries） 1. wound v./n. 使受伤/伤口 → wounded adj. 受伤的 1. nation n. 国家 → national adj. 国家的 → internationally adv. 1. spread v./n. 传播 → spread-spread-spread（不变形！） 1. courage n. 勇气 → encourage v. 鼓励 → encouragement n. 1. wise adj. 明智的 → wisdom n. 智慧（拼写变化！）→ wisely adv. 1. brave adj. 勇敢的 → bravery n. 勇敢 → bravely adv. 1. science n. 科学 → scientist n. 科学家 → scientific adj. 1. biology n. 生物学 → biologist n. 生物学家 → biological adj. 1. invent v. 发明 → invention n. → inventor n. 发明家 1. explore v. 探索 → exploration n. → explorer n. 探险家 1. kind adj. 善良的 → kindness n. 善良 1. succeed v. 成功 → success n. → successful adj. 三、重点短语 1. look up to sb. 钦佩；仰慕（to是介词） 1. a kind of 一种 1. even though = even if 即使；虽然 1. drop out (of) 辍学；不再参加 1. at that time 在那时 1. walk in space 太空行走；出舱活动 1. be full of 充满 = be filled with 1. come true 实现（梦想等，不及物） 1. care about 关心；在乎 1. get a chance to do sth. 得到机会做某事 1. run away 逃跑 1. succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事 1. leave behind 留下；遗留 1. live on 继续存在；流传下去 1. hundreds of 数以百计的 1. be known for 因……而闻名 1. above all 最重要的是；尤其是 1. make sure 确保；务必 1. all kinds of 各种各样的 1. more than 多于；不止 = over 1. the Western Regions 西域 1. the Silk Road 丝绸之路 1. the Warring States Period 战国时期 1. spend...doing sth. 花费……做某事 1. one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词 最……之一 1. in order to 为了（后接动词原形） 1. between...and... 在……和……之间 1. the United Nations (UN) 联合国 四、重点句型 ★ It was very creative of him to design it. → 他能设计出它，真是太有创意了。（It is + adj. + of sb. + to do） ★ It was very difficult for him to brave the cold weather and great heights. → 对他而言，直面严寒与高海拔是一件无比艰难的事。（It is + adj. + for sb. + to do） ★ To me, one of the most inspiring people in Chinese history is Mozi. → 对我而言，中国历史上最鼓舞人心的人物之一是墨子。 ★ They make sure that important plants do not disappear from the world forever. → 他们确保重要的植物不会从世界上永远消失。（that引导宾语从句） ★ It is said that Mozi was a soldier, good at woodwork and was the inventor of the kite. → 据说墨子曾是一名军人，擅长木工，还是风筝的发明者。（主语从句） ★ His idea of love was one reason that Mozi wanted peace. → 他的仁爱思想是墨子追求和平的一个原因。（定语从句，that修饰reason） ★ He had spent his whole life researching plants and seeds. → 他花费毕生精力研究植物和种子。（spend...doing） ★ She succeeded in overcoming all the difficulties. → 她成功克服了所有困难。（succeed in doing） 五、语法知识 📌 It作形式主语的三种句型 & 定语从句初步 & 主语从句 【一、It is + adj. + of sb. + to do sth.（评价人的品质）】 ◆ 形容词描述"人"的品格：kind, nice, brave, clever, creative, wise, careful, rude It was very creative of him to design it.（他能设计它，真有创意） It's really nice of him to support me.（他支持我，太好了） ⚠️ 口诀：夸人品，用of 【二、It is + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.（评价事情本身）】 ◆ 形容词描述"事"的难易/重要性：difficult, easy, important, necessary, hard It was very difficult for him to brave the cold.（直面严寒对他很难） It's easy for us to learn English well.（学好英语对我们来说很容易） ⚠️ 口诀：说事情，用for 【三、It is said/known/believed that...（主语从句）】 ◆ 结构：It(形式主语) + be + 过去分词 + that从句(真正主语) It is said that Mozi was a soldier.（据说墨子曾是一名军人） It is known that the earth goes around the sun.（众所周知地球绕太阳转） ⚠️ 区别：宾语从句在动词后面（I think that...）；主语从句句首用It占位 【四、定语从句初步】 ◆ 概念：用一个句子修饰名词（先行词），相当于"……的" ◆ that/who/which 引导：紧跟先行词后面 This is the book that I bought yesterday.（这就是我昨天买的书） He is the man who helped me.（他就是帮助我的那个人） Mozart is a composer whose music touches many hearts.（莫扎特是位作曲家，他的音乐打动了许多人） ◆ ⚠️ 判断口诀：动词后that→宾从；名词后that→定从；It占位that在后→主从 【五、spend / take / cost / pay 花费辨析】 spend：人作主语 → sb. spend + 时间/金钱 + on sth./(in) doing sth. take：it作主语 → It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth. cost：物作主语 → sth. cost sb. + 金钱 pay：人作主语 → sb. pay + 金钱 + for sth. 例句对比： I spend two hours learning English every day. = It takes me two hours to learn English every day. 【六、hundreds of vs 具体数字 + hundred】 ◆ hundreds of + 复数名词 → 模糊数字"数百的"（hundred加s，加of） Hundreds of people came to the show.（数百人来看展览） ◆ 具体数字 + hundred → 确切数字"……百"（hundred不加s，不加of） five hundred students（五百名学生） ⚠️ 类似用法的词：thousand, million, billion 6、 巩固练习 一、单词/短语填空 1. It is important for us ______ (learn) English well. 2. It is said that he ______ (be) a great scientist. 3. The man ______ (who) helped me yesterday is my neighbor. 4. It took me two hours ______ (do) my homework yesterday. 5. This book ______ (cost) me 50 yuan. 二、单项选择 1. ______ is very kind of you to help me. A. This B. That C. It 2. It's not easy ______ a foreign language well. A. learn B. to learn C. learning 3. It is said ______ he will come tomorrow. A. that B. what C. if 4. The boy ______ is standing there is my brother. A. which B. who C. whom 5. I ______ two hours on my homework last night. A. spent B. took C. cost 6. The book ______ me 30 yuan. A. spent B. took C. cost 7. It's dangerous for children ______ near the river. A. play B. to play C. playing 8. She is the teacher ______ taught me last year. A. which B. who C. what 9. He ______ 100 yuan for that shirt. A. spent B. paid C. cost 10. It is ______ that the earth moves around the sun. A. say B. said C. says 三、完成句子 1. 学好英语对我们来说很重要。 ______ is important for us ______ ______ English well. 2. 据说他是一位著名的作家。 ______ ______ ______ he is a famous writer. 3. 站在门口的那个女孩是我的妹妹。 The girl ______ is standing at the door is my sister. 4. 我花了三个小时读这本书。 It ______ me three hours ______ ______ the book. 5. 这件外套花了我200元。 The coat ______ me 200 yuan. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $