Unit 3 Home and Places-2026-2027学年七年级英语上册语法专项（北师大版）

Unit 3 Home and Places 语法专项 章 语法概览 ☆1.There be句型 ☆2.表示地点的介词(in/onl/under/near等)用法 There be句型转换 语法精讲精练一 1.There be句型 定义：表示“某处有某物/某人”，即客观存在。 结构：There be+名词+地点/时间状语。 考点 说明 示例 There+be+主语+地点be动词与最 There is a book on the desk.There are 基本结构 近的主语在数上一致（就近原则） two pens and a ruler in the bag. There is not any water in the glass.There 否定形式 在be后加not are not any students in the classroom. Is there a cat under the table?Are there 一般疑问句 将be提到句首，句末加问号 any apples on the tree? 般现在时：here is/are一般过去时： There was a park here before.There will 时态变化 there was/were一般将来时：there will be be a concert tomorrow. there is going to be There be+名词+doing/todo表示 特殊结构 There is a girl singing in the room.There “有…正在做/要做” are many things to do today. 易错点： There be表示“存在”，have/has表示“拥有”，不可混用。 例：There is a car in front of the house.(正确) The house has a car.(正确，但意义不同) There has a car..(错误，应改为There is) 2.表示地点的介词(n/on/under/near等) 核心功能：表示物体之间的位置关系，常与There be句型或动词连用。 介词 含义 用法说明 示例 用于封闭空间或较大范围 在…里面 The pencil is in the pencil in (国家、城市、房间等) case.He lives in Beijing. 表示物体与表面接触；也 The book is on the desk. on 在…上面（接触表面） 可用于街道、日期等 My birthday is on May 1st. 通常指垂直下方，不强调 The cat is sleeping under under 在…正下方 接触 the table 表示距离较近，不一定紧 There is a supermarket near 在…附近 挨着 near my school. The garden is behind the behind 在…后面 指在物体背对的一侧 house There is a tree in front of in front of 在…（外部）前面 指在物体前方，不在内部 the building next to 紧挨着… The library is next to the 表示紧邻 park. between... The bank is between the 在…和…之间 用于两者之间 and... hospital and the school. 易混辨析： in front of(在外部前面)vs in the front of(在内部前部) 例：The teacher stands in front of the classroom.(老师在教室前面，指讲台前) The blackboard is in the front of the classroom.（黑板在教室内部的前部) on表示“在…上”时，表面接触；bove(上方但不接触)和ovet(正上方，可覆 盖)不在本次讲解核心范围（初一初学），但需提醒。 固定搭配： look at(看…)、listen to(听…)、wait for（等待…)等动词短语中的介词虽不 表示具体地点，但常考，需注意。 二、专项训练（中考/名校月考难度，8~10题/大题，共3大题） (一)单项选择 1.There a big tree and some flowers in the garden. A.is B.are C.be D.have 2.-Is there a bank near here?-Yes, It's behind the post office. A.there is B.there are C.itis D.it has 3.Look！There a cat under the chair. A.is;sleeping B.are;sleeping C.is;sleep D.are;sleep 4.There some milk in the glass,but there any bread on the plate. A.is,isn't B.are;aren't C.is;is D.are;are 5.The cat is hiding the door.Can you see it? A.in B.under C.behind D.between 6.-Where is your school? A.in front of B.next to C.between D.under 7.There will a football match next week. A.have B.is C.be D.are 8.The boy's shoes are the bed.He must put them away. A.in B.under C.near D.on 9.There isn't water in the bottle.Let's go and buy some A.some B.any C.many D.a 10.My pencil case is the schoolbag.I can't find it. A.on B.in C.under D.near (二)语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内所给单词的适当形式，或填入适当的介词，使短文通顺、 完整。 Look at the picture.There 1. (be)a big room.2 the room,there is a desk and a chair. The desk is 3. (near)the window.On the desk,there 4. (be)some books and a computer.5. the desk,there is a football.It's 6. (Tom)ball.There 7. (be) also a bed 8. the comner.A cute cat is sleeping 9 the bed.10. the bed,there is a photo of Tom's family.The room is not very big,but it's very tidy (注意：第2、5、8、9、10空填介词，其余填适当形式) (三)完成句子 1.桌子上有一本书和两支钢笔。Thee a book and two pens the desk. 2.椅子上没有猫。Thee cat the chair. 3.你的书包里有一些苹果吗？ there apples in your schoolbag? 4.教室前面有一棵大树。There is a big tree the classroom. 5.明天将会有一场英语考试。The1e an English exam tomorrow. 6.那个男孩正站在门后面。The boy is standing 7.超市在银行和医院之间。The supermarket is the bank the hospital. 8.这个盒子里面有什么？What the box? 9.这个房间里没有家具。There furniture in this room. 10.我的铅笔在课本下面。My pencil is the textbook. 三、参考答案 (一)单项 1.A;2.A;3.A;4.A;5.C;6.C;7.C;8.B;9.B;10.B 选择 (二)语法 1.is 2.In 3.near 4.are 5.Under 6.Tom's 7.is 8.in 9.on 10.Near On 填空 (三)完成 1.is;on 2.is not (isn't);any;on 3.Are;any 4.in front of 5.will be 6.behind the 句子 door 7.between;and 8.is in 9.is no (is not any);10.under 语法精讲精练二 1.There be句型的基本结构 There be+名词（主语)+地点/时间状语，表示“某处有某物/某人”。 肯定句：There+be(is/are/was/were)+名词+状语。 There is a book on the desk.There are many students in the classroom. be动词的单复数由邻近的名词决定（就近原则）。 ★例：There is a pen and two erasers on the table.(邻近apen,用is) ★例：There are two erasers and a pen on the table.(邻近two erasers,用are) 2.否定句转换 在be动词后加not(可以缩写为isn't/aren't/wasn't/weren't)。 结构：There+be+not+名词+状语。 There isn't any water in the bottle.There aren't any books on the shelf. 考点：当名词前有some时，否定句中要改为any。 ★例：There are some apples.→There aren't any apples. 3.一般疑问句转换 将be动词提到句首，句尾加问号。肯定回答用Yes,there+be;否定回答用No,there+be+ noto 结构：Be+there+名词+状语？ ★例：Is there a cat under the table?→Yes,there is./No,there isn't. ★例：Are there any students in the library?→Yes,there are./No,there aren't 考点：原句中的some要改为any;回答时be动词与主语一致（但主语为不可数名词时用单 数)。 4.特殊疑问句转换 分为对数量提问、对地点提问、对主语提问。 (1)对数量提问：用How many+可数名词复数+are there+状语？或ow much+ 不可数名词+is there+状语？ ★例：There are three books on the desk.→How many books are there on the desk? ★例：There is some milk in the cup.→How much milk is there in the cup'? (2)对地点提问：用Where+be+there+主语？（注意there在此作从句主语或省 略，常见结构为：Where is/are+名词？) ★例：There is a park near the school.→Where is there a park?或更常用：Where is the park? 考点：对地点提问时，通常直接对地点名词提问，但初中常考“Where is+单数名词？” 或“Where are+复数名词？”，不再保留thereo (3)对主语（名词）提问：用What+be+there+状语？或Who+be+there+状 语？（当主语指人时) ★例：There is a dog under the table.→What is there under the table? ★例：There are some children in the park.→Who are there in the park? 5.易混考点辨析（中考必考） 考点 说明 示例 there be表“存在”，have/has 1There is a car in front of the there be与have/has的区别 表“拥有”（主语是人或 house.(存在)②Ihave a car. 物) (拥有) 当be动词后紧跟and连接的两 1There is a pen,a ruler and some books.(正确)②There 就近原则的变形 个名词时，用is还是are看第 一个名词 are some books,a pen and a uler.(正确) 除了is/are/was/were,还可以 1There will be a football 时态变化 用情态动词there can be,there match tomorrow.2 There must must be,there will be等 be something wrong. 1 There is a book,isn't there? 对there be句型的反意疑问， 反意疑问句 2There aren't any apples,are 附加问句用be there there? 二、专项训练 (一)单项选择（共10题） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.There a pencil and two pens in the pencil case A.is B.are C.have D.has 2.- there any milk in the fridge? A.Is;is B.Are;are C.Is;are D.Are;is 3.There some students in the playground now. A.is B.are C.have been D.has been 4.-How many are there on the tree? -Three. A.bird B.birds C.bird's D.birds' 5.There a football match on TV this evening. A.will have B.is going to have C.is going to be D.are going to be 6.There isn't water in the glass.Let's get some. A.some B.any C.a D.an 7.-What is there under the bed? A.There is B.There are C.Itis D.They are 8.There an important meeting last Monday. A.is B.are C.was D.were 9.There many changes in our city in the past ten years A.is B.are C.have been D.has been 10.-There is a book on the desk, -Yes,it's mine A.is it B.isn't it C.is there D.isn't there (二)语法填空（共10空) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的词，每空一词。 Look!There 1. (be)a big tree in the park.2. many birds in it.There 3. (be)some apples on the tree.We often play under the tree.There 4.(be) a small river near the tree.In summer,there 5. (be)some fish in the river.Look there 6. (be)a little boy near the river.He is fishing.How happy he is!There 7. (be)a lot of people in the park every day.There 8. (be)a basketball game yesterday.9. there any games next week?I think there 10. (be) some (三) 完成句子（共8题） 1.桌子上有一些书。 There books on the desk 2.房间里没有椅子。 There chairs in the room. 3.你的书包里有什么？（用特殊疑问句) in your schoolbag? 4.树上有多少只鸟？ there on the tree? 5这个花园里有一些美丽的花。（改为一般疑问句) beautiful flowers in this garden? 6.下周将有一场音乐会。 There a concert next week 7.冰箱里有些牛奶吗？是的，有一些。 there milk in the fridge? -Yes, 8.从前，有一个美丽的公主住在这座城堡里。 Once upon a time,there a beautiful princess in this castle. 三、 参考答案 (一)单项 1.A氵2.A;3.B;4.B;5.C;6.B;7.A;8.C;9.C;10.D 选择 (二)语法 1.is 2.There are (And there are);3.are 4.is 5.are 6.is 7.are 8.was; 填空 9.Wil(或Are);10.will be(或are) (三)完成 1.are some 2.aren't any 3.What is 4.How many birds are 5.Are there any 句子 6.will be 7.Is,any,there is 8.was,living (who lived)