专题08 阅读理解七选五之说明文逻辑（培优专练）（全国通用）2027年高考英语一轮复习高效培优系列

该高中英语高考复习讲义聚焦阅读理解七选五说明文逻辑，覆盖过渡句识别、代词指代、总分结构等核心考点，按“真题感知-进阶演练-拔高预测”分层架构梳理考点内在逻辑。通过考点精析、方法指导、真题训练等环节，帮助学生构建说明文语篇衔接的分析框架，突破逻辑衔接难点，体现复习的系统性和针对性。 资料以“逻辑分层突破”为特色，采用真题情境化教学和分层练习设计，如通过2025年全国II卷真题训练过渡句识别，结合代词指代逻辑分析培养学生思维品质和语言能力。设置基础巩固到综合应用的梯度练习，配合即时反馈策略，确保高效提升学生语篇衔接能力，为教师精准把控复习节奏提供清晰路径。

专题08 阅读理解七选五之说明文逻辑（培优专练） 目录 真题·命题感知............................................................................................................................................................01 进阶·强化演练............................................................................................................................................................08 拔高·模拟预测............................................................................................................................................................18 真题·命题感知 第一部分：过渡句识别 Passage 1 【答案】 B Passage 2 【答案】 D 第二部分：代词指代 Passage 1 【答案】 F Passage 2 【答案】 F 第三部分：总分结构 Passage 1 【答案】 C Passage 2 【答案】 A 进阶·强化演练 Passage 1 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．G 5．E Passage 2 【答案】6．G 7．E 8．F 9．C 10．B Passage 3 【答案】11．F 12．D 13．E 14．G 15．C Passage 4 【答案】16．G 17．B 18．F 19．D 20．C Passage 5 【答案】21．G 22．C 23．B 24．A 25．D 拔高·模拟预测 Passage 1 【答案】26．A 27．D 28．E 29．C 30．B Passage 2 【答案】31．G 32．C 33．A 34．D 35．B Passage 3 【答案】36．D 37．F 38．B 39．E 40．A Passage 4 【答案】41．B 42．E 43．A 44．D 45．G Passage 5 【答案】46．C 47．E 48．B 49．G 50．F Passage 6 【答案】51．B 52．D 53．A 54．G 55．F Passage 7 【答案】56．F 57．A 58．B 59．D 60．G 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 17 / 32 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题08 阅读理解七选五之说明文逻辑（培优专练） 目录 真题·命题感知............................................................................................................................................................01 进阶·强化演练............................................................................................................................................................08 拔高·模拟预测............................................................................................................................................................18 真题·命题感知 第一部分：过渡句识别 Passage 1 2025年全国II卷高考英语七选五真题 【话题】 家庭志愿服务的意外好处 Need a way to bond as a family? Looking for a shared hobby that benefits everyone? 36________ Research shows that volunteering together can strengthen family connections, improve individual health, and even make time feel more plentiful. Volunteering makes time feel more abundant. Paradoxically, giving away your time can make you feel like you have more of it. Yet a study published in the journal Psychological Science found that people who volunteered felt they had more time than those who didn't. 37________ Regular volunteering can extend your life. Studies consistently show that older adults who volunteer regularly have lower blood pressure, reduced risk of cognitive decline, and even longer lifespans. 38________ One long-term study found that volunteers had a 24% lower risk of early death. 39________ Teens who volunteer are more likely to stay in school, have higher self-esteem, and develop leadership skills. These benefits aren't just temporary—they last well into adulthood. Volunteering strengthens family relationships. When families volunteer together, they learn to communicate better and appreciate each other's unique strengths. 40________ You might discover your child has a talent for organizing or a gift for comforting others. 36. Which sentence best serves as a transitional sentence to introduce the topic of family volunteering? A. Some families prefer outdoor volunteering activities. B. Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need. C. Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers. D. Individual volunteering is more effective than group service. E. For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits. F. You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn't know about before. G. Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day. Passage 2 2026届高三模拟题·河北省沧州市一模（过渡句识别——段内逻辑衔接） 【话题】 图书馆的多种功能与服务 Whether you visit regularly or you‘re new to using libraries, you might be surprised to learn how much they can do for you—beyond letting you borrow amazing books for free. 1________ Here are some of the many things the library has to offer. Research and recommendations. Librarians can help you research a school project or paper, show you how to do an Internet search, and guide you to reliable sources of correct information. They can also help you find a book you’re looking for, even if you can‘t remember the exact title. 2________ Tell them what books you have enjoyed, as well as subjects that interest and inspire you. They can recommend your next read. 3________ Besides books, you or an adult in your family can also borrow and stream movies, music, and TV shows with the help of library apps like Hoopla and Kanopy—find out which app your library uses. There are also computers to use for free and quiet zones where you can do homework without distractions. You may also find free or discounted printing and photocopying. Fun clubs and classes. Many libraries host free events for young people. You can ask a librarian or check the library’s website for a schedule of upcoming activities and sign up with your card. These can include teen book clubs, gaming clubs, art workshops, makerspaces, and classes like chess and crafting. 4________ Volunteer opportunities. Many libraries welcome volunteer help from kids. You can learn valuable skills, such as managing responsibility and communicating with others. 5________ Others need kids to volunteer to read advance reader copies of books. 2. Which transitional sentence best connects the sentences before and after it in the “Research and recommendations” section? A. A multimedia center. B. An essential library card. C. Library is more than a collection of books. D. Besides, librarians can make great book suggestions. E. Librarians also help people with online benefits applications. F. These activities provide entertainment and offer opportunities for socializing. G. Some libraries ask kids to write book reviews to help other kids decide what to read. 第二部分：代词指代 Passage 1 2025年全国I卷英语七选五真题 【话题】 校园咖啡馆的暖心服务 Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning? The College Cafe has just that, and more. 36 ______ Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets exactly what they order. She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks. 37 ______ As the customer grabs the drink from her hand, she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your day?” Murphy arrives at 4:45 every morning, driving 30 minutes to get to the cafe on time. 38 ______ “I know the students need their coffee before class, so I want to be ready,” she explains. What makes Murphy special is her attention to detail. She remembers regular customers‘ orders and often adds little personal touches. For example, if a student has been up late studying, she might make them an extra warm cup of hot cocoa. 39 ______ “She always brightens my morning,” says Joanna Wright, a senior political science major. “I don’t even have to tell her what I want anymore.” Murphy has worked at the cafe for 17 years and has no plans to leave anytime soon. “I enjoy working here and seeing the students grow,” she says. 40 ______ For Murphy, the cafe is more than a workplace; it‘s a community hub where she can connect with students and make a difference in their daily lives. 39. Which option uses a pronoun to refer to the personal touches mentioned in the previous sentence? A. The cafe closes at 9 p.m. every weekday. B. Her friendly attitude makes the cafe a popular spot. C. She arrives early to make sure everything is ready for the busy morning. D. After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup. E. Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles. F. These small, personal touches make customers feel valued and welcome. G. I can‘t imagine working anywhere else; I love being part of this community. Passage 2 2026届高三模拟题·山东济宁三模 【话题】 算法依赖与人类自主决策 When you log into social media, does an algorithm govern your feed? When shopping online, do you often focus on top-listed, AI-suggested items? If you answer “Yes”, most of the time, you go along with what the algorithm recommends. 6 ______ As the name suggests, the term refers to our growing tendency to outsource decisions to systems designed to predict and control our behavior. Now, there‘s nothing fundamentally wrong with accepting algorithmic suggestions. 7 ______ But like water slowly carving stone, repeated reliance on AI recommendations can weaken our capacity for independent judgement and even our sense of self. Over time, such reliance not only affects the quality of our choices but also undermines our ability to trust our own judgements. 8 ______ It is the capacity to make intentional choices and take purposeful action. Exercising it requires that we actively shape ourselves through thoughtful choices, rather than being passively shaped by algorithms, social norms, or external pressures. To achieve this, practicing intentional pauses proves workable. That is, before accepting a recommendation, pause and ask, “Would I have made this choice on my own?” 9 ______ For example, when you’re on YouTube, autoplay goes to another video. Instead of watching mindlessly, you pause and realize you‘re not truly interested. You close the app and go for a walk instead, following your inner voice over automation. To be human is to choose. It is to exercise the human capacity for intentional action, the ability we have been given to be the authors of our own lives. As AI becomes more integrated in our lives, we must actively preserve our decision-making capacities. 10 ______ 6. Which option contains a pronoun that refers to the behavior pattern described in the previous sentences? A. That is how we remain human. B. So, it‘s time to reclaim human agency. C. In many cases, they save us considerable time. D. The aim of this question is to stay open to algorithms. E. This short reflection brings awareness to your decisions. F. Psychologists term this common practice “algorithmic dependence.” G. An algorithm is a set of defined rules you follow to get a specific result. 第三部分：总分结构 Passage 1 2025年全国I卷英语七选五真题 【话题】 校园咖啡馆的暖心服务 Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning? The College Cafe has just that, and more. 36 ______ Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets exactly what they order. She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks. 37 ______ As the customer grabs the drink from her hand, she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your day?” Murphy arrives at 4:45 every morning, driving 30 minutes to get to the cafe on time. 38 ______ “I know the students need their coffee before class, so I want to be ready,” she explains. What makes Murphy special is her attention to detail. She remembers regular customers‘ orders and often adds little personal touches. For example, if a student has been up late studying, she might make them an extra warm cup of hot cocoa. 39 ______ “She always brightens my morning,” says Joanna Wright, a senior political science major. “I don’t even have to tell her what I want anymore.” Murphy has worked at the cafe for 17 years and has no plans to leave anytime soon. “I enjoy working here and seeing the students grow,” she says. 40 ______ For Murphy, the cafe is more than a workplace; it’s a community hub where she can connect with students and make a difference in their daily lives. A. The cafe closes at 9 p.m. every weekday. B. Her friendly attitude makes the cafe a popular spot. C. She arrives early to make sure everything is ready for the busy morning. D. After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup. E. Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles. F. These small, personal touches make customers feel valued and welcome. G. I can‘t imagine working anywhere else; I love being part of this community. 36. 本文采用了“总—分—总”的叙事结构。第36题位于首段段尾，在结构上起到什么作用？ A. 分论点展开，具体说明咖啡馆的服务细节 B. 总起句，统领全文并引出人物主题 C. 承上启下的过渡句，连接前文设问与后文人物描写 D. 总结句，归纳全文主旨 Passage 2 2026·安徽铜陵市多校联考二模（总分结构——小标题识别+分论点匹配） 【话题】 元宵节与灯谜文化 Basic Introduction to the Lantern Festival The Lantern Festival, celebrated on the 15th day of the first month of the traditional Chinese calendar, is a vibrant and joyous occasion. 6 ______ Among its long-standing traditions, solving lantern riddles, known as “Caidengmi,” is a particularly unique and intellectually stimulating activity that has been cherished for centuries. How Lantern Riddles Are Celebrated Lantern riddles are an essential part of the festival, combining artistic beauty with the challenge of wisdom. During the celebrations, riddles are written on paper and attached to lanterns of different shapes and sizes, which are often decorated with delicate designs of animals, mythological stories, or historical figures, creating a visually impressive scene. 7 ______ Cultural Value of Lantern Riddles 8 ______ It also shows the high value that Chinese culture places on knowledge and wisdom. Solving riddles calls for creativity, language skills, and a good understanding of Chinese characters and idioms, making it an enjoyable challenge for people of all ages. Social and Historical Meaning Historically, lantern riddles helped strengthen community bonds. 9 ______ In this warm way, they made the festival more meaningful. This tradition has survived for hundreds of years, still attracting people with its rich culture and mental challenge. 10 ______ Even today, lantern riddles remain a much-loved part of the Lantern Festival, connecting traditional culture with modern celebrations. They remind people of the lasting power of knowledge and the happiness of gathering together to celebrate culture and community. As a precious cultural treasure, lantern riddles connect the past with the present. They bring fun, wisdom, and warmth to people’s lives, and will continue to shine brightly in the future of Chinese traditional culture. A. Changes in modern celebrations B. Lasting popularity in modern times C. They built a bridge for hearts to connect and ideas to shine D. Visitors guess the riddles, turning streets into a feast of wisdom E. The tradition of lantern riddles brings more than just fun to the festival F. It is marked by dazzling lantern displays, shows and delicious festival food G. They were a way to show off one’s superior knowledge and intelligence to others 8. 本文采用了“总—分—总”结构，各段落均有小标题统领内容。第8题位于“Cultural Value of Lantern Riddles”段落的段首，在结构上属于什么类型？应选择哪个选项？ A. 段落小标题（总说句）—— 选E B. 段落分述细节句 —— 选D C. 段落总结句 —— 选B D. 过渡衔接句 —— 选C 进阶·强化演练 Passage 1 （2026·江苏南通·二模）Mistakes are an unavoidable part of life. They can range from minor errors to significant missteps that change our life’s direction. Instead of getting lost in regret, it’s crucial to learn how to heal and grow from those experiences. 1 Here are the tips you can try the next time you want to forgive yourself. Understand the impact of past mistakes. Past mistakes often leave emotional marks. Feelings such as guilt, shame, and regret can overshadow our lives. Recognizing how these emotions affect us is the first step to healing. ​It’s vital to remember that making mistakes is a normal part of being human. 2 Embracing this shared experience can help you approach it with understanding rather than harsh judgment. 3 Releasing guilt and shame is essential for healing. These negative feelings can trap you in a loop of self-blame. To break free, start by reflecting on your mistake and its consequences. Self-compassion is key. Treat yourself as you would treat a friend who made a similar mistake. Remind yourself that everyone fails and that your past actions do not define your worth. Learn from mistakes. Every error comes with a lesson. Identifying these lessons is crucial. Spend time analyzing what went wrong. For instance, if poor time management led to missing a deadline at work, consider strategies to improve this skill. 4 Write about the mistake and the lessons learned. This not only helps you think clearly but also creates a record of your growth. Embrace change and move forward. After releasing guilt and learning from errors, it’s time to embrace change. Set new, realistic goals based on your lessons learned. This could be as simple as committing to improving a specific skill within three months. 5 For example, if you want to enhance your decision-making skills, practice making small, low-risk decisions daily. This will build your confidence over time. A．Practice mindfulness. B．Let go of guilt and shame. C．Everyone messes up at some point. D．Easier said than done though, right? E．Consider adopting supportive habits. F．Life is a mixture of pleasure and pain. G．Journaling can be a useful tool for this. Passage 2 （2026·湖南张家界·三模）Cookie-consent pop-ups are one of the biggest annoyances on the Internet. Almost every site you visit has a notice saying, “This website uses cookies to improve your experience. Do you agree?” or something similar. 6 But should we? Not necessarily. Many companies have you click “yes” so that they’re compliant with current privacy laws. 7 And they don’t have to worry about legal backlash. Most of the time, cookies are no big deal. There are a few occasions, though, where you should decline cookies. Beware when you’re on an unprotected website while using a public Wi-Fi network. The information collected by cookies can be accessed by hackers because there isn’t any security to stop them. 8 While in this mode, cookies aren’t collected by default, no matter where your Internet journeys take you. 9 Otherwise, accepting gives the website the right to sell your browsing behavior to a data broker, who then combines your behavior on one website with information from other websites and builds an extremely detailed profile of you as a consumer. “The broker then sells that profile to other third parties who want to market to people like you,” says Harry Maugans, CEO of Privacy Bee, a proactive privacy management tool for consumers. According to Maugans, some third-party cookies are even malicious. You could become a victim of “cookie stealing” or “session hijacking”. If you’re afraid that you’ve already accepted cookies on websites where you wouldn’t want your information gathered, go into your browser and use the “clear cookies” option 10 So next time you see a cookie pop-up, think twice before you click. A．Once you do so, you can easily withdraw your permission at any time. B．This simple action puts you back in the driver’s seat of your own privacy. C．If the cookie-consent pop-up mentions third-party cookies, click “decline”. D．That’s why privacy experts recommend clearing your cookies every day. E．Clicking gives the company permission to use your information as they see fit. F．Your best bet when borrowing coffee shop Wi-Fi is to use your browser’s private mode. G．Typically, we click “yes” or “agree” without even thinking, eager to get to the content. Passage 3 （2026·福建南平·二模）Divergent (发散性) thinking is an ability to generate multiple approaches to solving a problem. The divergent thinkers typically answer simple questions like “What are the uses for a flower pot?” in many ways. 11 A genius of divergent thinking would come up with a hundred possible answers, and they do this by changing the concepts of already existing thinking. Research shows that divergent thinking is mostly found among people who know how to ask questions. Divergent thinking is not so much about finding answers as it is about asking the question to get to those answers. 12 The more you ask clear questions that explore the differences, the better your chance of succeeding. 13 This technique is a tool that builds upon ideas. Allow everyone to think more freely in the group atmosphere. Don’t pursue a practical solution. Instead, gather ideas relevant to the problem itself. Besides brainstorming, you can also keep a journal. Using a journal enables you to capture and record various ideas that people can have during unusual times and places. 14 Another effective way is to create a subject or mind-mapping visual. 15 And make sure the visuals show the relationships among these ideas. Take “Start a Charity” for example. Come up with necessary subtopics, and use lines and circles to visualize the topic. After generating ideas in these ways, you can arrange your ideas in an innovative manner. A．This method is used to exchange ideas. B．It helps find the answers to the questions. C．Put the related ideas in the form of a chart or a picture. D．Asking the right questions will get what you are seeking. E．Brainstorming is one way to improve your divergent thinking. F．An average person would have 10 to 15 answers to this question. G．Later, it can become a source book of ideas to develop and organize. Passage 4 （2026·河北邢台·二模）If you spend any time gardening, you probably understand what I mean when I say it feels good — despite the lifting, sweating and muscle pain involved. Yes, acts like digging in the dirt are good for my body. 16 Even the smell of the soil makes me happy. 17 There’s an entire field called horticultural therapy (园艺疗法) using plant-based and garden-based activities to support people with treatment needs. Research suggests 20 – 30 minutes of gardening a few times a week can reduce stress and lift one’s mood, and that the more regularly one gardens, the greater the benefits are. Gardening requires more than just staying outdoors. 18 Such active engagement over time adds a unique layer of meaning and satisfaction that passive outdoor time does not. In addition, gardening has been shown to ease symptoms of anxiety and depression, and to develop a sense of calm, purpose and achievement. A study backs this up. The researchers provide one group of participants with an instructional gardening class, seeds, starter plants and a community gardening plot. 19 The gardening group report stronger social connections, lower stress levels and about a 7% increase in fiber intake. They also report a 42-minute weekly increase in physical activity, which the non-gardening group don’t report. “Physically, gardening improves strength, flexibility and balance. Mentally, it develops problem-solving skills and creativity,” says Sarah Thompson, a professionally registered horticultural therapist, adding that it’s a highly adaptable activity. “ 20 And its benefits are accessible to everyone.” Deep down, we gardeners have always believed this. Now, we have the science to prove it. A．Almost all gardeners have this understanding. B．As it turns out, there are scientific reasons for this. C．Gardening can be suited to any space, ability or age. D．They also have a group without gardening for two years. E．Most of the participants enjoy the pleasure of being outdoors. F．We should always tend plants with enthusiasm and a willing heart. G．However, apart from the physical benefits, they help lift my spirits. Passage 5 （2026·广东·二模）Did you know that your stylish jacket or favorite jeans might once have been plastic bottles? This is the world of rPET, also known as recycled polyester (再生聚酯纤维). 21 As a result, a used water bottle can take on a new life as activewear or even high-fashion pieces. 22 First, plastic bottles are collected, sorted, and cleaned. After cleaning, they are cut, melted into liquid, and stretched into thin fibers. These fibers are then spun into yarn (纱线), which can be woven into different kinds of fabric. Finally, the fabric goes through finishing processes such as printing or coating to achieve the desired color, pattern, and performance. Some people assume that clothing made from “waste” must be cheap or low-quality. It is true that plastic-based fabrics can be less breathable and may feel rough for people with sensitive skin. 23 According to a Textile (纺织品) Exchange report, the use of rPET grew by 20% between 2020 and 2021, and made up about 14% of all global polyester production in 2022. This growth comes from rising awareness of both its practical advantages and its environmental value. In terms of performance, rPET is strong, durable, and quick-drying — qualities that make it ideal for sportswear. 24 Beyond performance, rPET supports the environment. Producing it uses 99% less water than producing traditional polyester, an important benefit for water-stressed regions involved in textile manufacturing. It also helps reduce waste. About 25 rPET bottles can be turned into the fibers for one jacket. 25 rPET is not a perfect solution to plastic pollution, but it is a meaningful step toward more sustainable fashion and a cleaner planet. A．It is also lightweight and wrinkle-resistant. B．However, market trends tell a different story. C．The transformation happens through several steps. D．This keeps millions of plastic bottles out of landfills each year. E．Recycling rPET fabric back into new fabric can be challenging. F．While it is safe to wear, it releases microplastics when it is washed. G．Unlike traditional polyester made from petrol, rPET uses existing plastic. 拔高·模拟预测 Passage 1 （2026·湖南常德·一模）Small acts of volunteering, big gains for everyone When our class first discussed volunteering at a local nursing home, I hesitated. I worried I couldn’t start up a conversation with the elderly and feared the experience would be awkward. 26 Little did I know this small step would bring unexpected joy to both sides. On our first visit, we prepared simple activities: reading stories, chatting, and assisting with chores like folding clothes. 27 One elderly lady who’d been a rural teacher in her prime shared stories of educating mountain kids; another taught us to knit scarves with old wool. We laughed at her amusing stories and felt warmth at her sincerity. The feared awkwardness never came — instead, a natural bond formed. As visits became regular, we explored new ways to lend a hand. 28 We also brought homemade paper-cuts and small gifts, which lit up their ordinary days. Some classmates even taught elders to use smartphones for video calls — their tearful smiles when seeing loved ones were priceless. Volunteering didn’t just benefit the elderly — we’d initially thought we were the only givers. 29 I grew more confident in communicating across ages and learned to listen attentively. My classmates and I bonded as we cooperated to make visits meaningful, realizing small efforts beat grand gestures. By the end of the semester, we felt a bit of sorrow wrapping up the project. 30 What’s more, we have come to understand that mutual nature of kindness. When we give our time and care, we will gain boundless joy, personal growth, and precious memories that last a lifetime. A．I thought it a fruitless waste of my spare time. B．We learned tiny kindness acts have big impacts. C．It also transformed me and classmates profoundly. D．Most elders were eager to share bits of their lives with us. E．We tidied their rooms and walked with them in the garden. F．Some elders were not active, but our enthusiasm broke the ice. G．Soon I looked forward to each visit — it became my weekly highlight. Passage 2 （2026·山东·模拟预测）We all play little mind games. We set clocks ahead to avoid being late. 31 Some imagine the worst, just to scare themselves into working harder. Different tricks, same purpose: to push ourselves when our own motivation isn’t enough. These tricks are especially common among people who feel they must be perfect for everyone else. These people think the world expects them to nail everything, to never say “I can’t.” For them, doing something isn’t about the thing itself — it’s about not letting anyone down. So here’s the real question: Are you doing this because you want to, or because you’re afraid of what happens if you don’t? 32 A little trick here and there? No big deal. The trouble starts when you can’t stop. When you care too much about what others think, you reach for these tricks all the time. Over time, they stop being tricks. 33 And they become hard to spot — even in yourself. Think of a kid who keeps playing a sport just to make his parents proud. He might love the game, but that’s not why he’s out there. 34 So he stays. But anger builds. He can’t be mad at his parents, so he aims it at the other team. Beating them becomes his proof that he’s good enough. This anger becomes his fuel. But look closer: he’s not playing to win. He’s playing to survive. 35 But there’s a difference between using one now and then, and building your whole life on them. So it’s worth asking: Do I want to spend my whole life just getting by? A．They become who you are. B．We all need these tricks sometimes. C．For these people, it’s almost always fear. D．Quitting would feel like letting them down. E．They turn into tools you use without thinking. F．Pushing yourself a little harder is never a bad thing. G．Athletes find reasons to get fired up against opponents. Passage 3 （2026·广东汕头·三模）People favor humor, as it lights up daily moments, eases awkwardness and makes every interaction warm and enjoyable. This magic of humor doesn’t just work in daily life; it also shines in the field of science, especially online. 36 Firstly, humor simplifies tough scientific knowledge. 37 For example, explaining AI in self-driving cars with a funny analogy about “machines learning like clumsy toddlers” makes abstract ideas easy for non-professional groups to understand. 38 Scientists sharing clever and humorous stories about laboratory experiments on social media often attract more interactions than dry academic posts. Additionally, humor humanizes scientists, as seen in popular science lectures where light-hearted jokes help audiences feel closer to researchers. 39 The hidden risks deserve our attention. If the content itself is untrue, humor can even replace facts, leading the audience to form wrong opinions about scientific knowledge just based on the amusing posts they see. Overusing sarcasm or negative humor also has the opposite effect, as it will quickly make scientists lose the public’s trust and damage their credibility. Proper humor use requires a balance between vivid expression and professional precision. It should neither overshadow the core scientific information nor be so shallow that it loses seriousness. 40 Scientists who master this balance can effectively narrow the divide with the public, making science more welcoming and popular. A．Overuse harms professionalism. B．It also boosts audience engagement effectively. C．It helps break the impression of scientists being cold and distant. D．A little humor can greatly enhance scientists’ communication effect. E．Humor in scientific communication is a double-edged sword, though. F．It’s a helper in making complex concepts understandable to ordinary people. G．It is believed humor needs to be used with great care in such communication. Passage 4 （2026·江苏扬州·模拟预测）Three Exceptional Panettones Panettone is a round, fruit-studded Italian sweet bread that’s popular during the holiday season. For years, I wasn’t a fan of this treat. The ones I tried were dry and crumbly, like week-old cake. But then a friend gave me a special panettone that changed everything. 41 It was so light and tender that it melted in my mouth. Making good panettone is extremely difficult. 42 First, the batter requires a complex, multistage proofing process to achieve the perfect texture. Then, the loaves need to bake at just the right temperature to rise properly without collapsing. Even after baking, they must be flipped upside down to cool, hanging like bats until completely set. Not all panettones are created equal. Here are three exceptional varieties that are worth the splurge: Panettone Biasetto, $70 This golden loaf from Belgium-Italian pastry chef Luigi Biasetto has a rich citrus-and-vanilla aroma. Inside, the marigold-bright crumb is studded with candied citrus peel and plump raisins. 43 The extra warmth opens up the flavors and softens any sharpness from the citrus. Acetaia Leonardi Panettone Balsamico with Sour Cherry, $50−60 Made by a balsamic vinegar manufacturer in Emilia-Romagna, this panettone has a unique twist. The buttery interior is swirled with aged balsamic crema, giving it a dense, melty texture. 44 The sourness balances the sweetness perfectly, creating a delightful contrast. Olivieri 1882 Apricot and Salted Caramel Panettone, $95 This family bakery from Veneto has perfected panettone over 142 years. Their apricot and salted caramel version is especially creative. The floral apricot pieces and gentle caramel swirl add extra sweetness and depth.   45 Whether you’re a panettone lover or new to this holiday treat, these three varieties are sure to impress. Each offers a unique take on this classic Italian dessert. A．To fully enjoy it, serve it slightly warmed, perhaps resting on a radiator. B．Its light, airy crumb and delicate sweetness won me over instantly. C．The cooling process requires the loaves to hang upside down like bats. D．The sour cherry version adds a tangy kick that complements the sweet vinegar. E．It is widely considered one of the most challenging bread recipes to master. F．The rich citrus-and-vanilla aroma wafts toward you the moment you unwrap the packaging. G．The salt cuts through the richness, revealing notes of honey and lemon. Passage 5 （2026·湖北黄冈·模拟预测）Robot bees, or mechanical bees, are machines created to do the important work of real bees. 46 Their popularity is growing because natural bee populations are becoming weaker. While robot bees have some benefits, they also come with certain drawbacks. One major benefit of robot bees is that they are more productive than real bees. Farmers who use these machines can increase their crop yields by 20 to 40 percent compared to those who rely on traditional honey bees. Additionally, robot bees are good at gathering and analyzing data about the crops. 47 In this sense, tiny robots could have a big economic impact. Robot bees can also be useful in greenhouses, where they can pollinate (给……授粉) plants without needing to open the space up to the actual wild. 48 This offers robot bees a more promising market as they are safer to use in these closed systems. 49 There’s this whole food web that is maintained through bees pollinating wildflowers. But robotic bees may not pollinate wildflowers like bees do, unless they are clearly programmed to do so. The wildflower communities would start to collapse, which would then affect all our birds and mammals (哺乳动物). The biggest challenge with robot bees is that they lack the flexibility and skill of real bees. Real bees have evolved (进化) over millions of years to handle various weather conditions, quickly find the right flowers, and manage pollen collection with ease. Even the best robotic systems struggle to match these abilities. 50 A．But the noise generated by robot bees can disturb local wildlife. B．Greenhouses are becoming more common as a way to grow food. C．They are used to increase productivity in the agriculture industry. D．Robotic bees are expected to help protect natural bee populations. E．This helps farmers to have more control and make better decisions. F．There is still a long way for robot bees to be fully applied in the field. G．However, robot bees could disturb the given area’s entire ecosystems. Passage 6 （2026·湖南邵阳·三模）Have you ever looked up in a thick forest and noticed a natural pattern? The tops of some tall trees do not touch. 51 . This fascinating phenomenon is known as “crown shyness.” Crown shyness has been observed in certain tree species globally, such as some eucalyptus, pine, and oak trees. These “shy” tree crowns maintain a careful distance from their neighbors, creating those unique and striking channels of light. But why would trees do this? Scientists have proposed several theories. 52 . In windy conditions, the swaying branches and twigs of neighboring trees repeatedly collide (碰撞) and rub against each other, causing unavoidable physical damage to the tender growing tips. This damage effectively limits branch growth at the points of frequent contact. Over time, a mutual boundary forms where growth is restricted, resulting in the distinctive gaps. It’s a non-violent, long-term negotiation for space. Another influential theory involves light competition for survival. Trees rely on sunlight for photosynthesis, the key process for making food. 53 . However, this theory alone can’t fully explain why the gaps are so precise and consistent. Some researchers, like ecologist Miguel Franco, suggest it might be a combination of factors: abrasion (磨损) creates the initial gap, and then the trees’ light-sensitive abilities guide further growth away from the shade. This behavior is more than just a curiosity. 54 . More importantly, it allows more sunlight to filter through to the forest floor, supporting a richer undergrowth ecosystem. Crown shyness is a remarkable example of how competition and coexistence shape the natural world. 55 . A．They may minimize shading by avoiding overlap (重叠). B．Instead, they leave narrow, winding gaps against the sky. C．But no one has proved why the trees avoid touching each other. D．The leading explanation is the “mechanical abrasion assumption”. E．One theory is that collision will lead to the death of some branches. F．It can create beauty through invisible rules and silent communication among giants. G．It likely reduces the spread of leaf-eating insects and provides a popular-level benefit. Passage 7 （2026·江苏常州·二模）The Power of Negative Capability The poet John Keats coined the term “negative capability” to describe the capacity of being “in uncertainties, mysteries, doubts, without any irritable reaching after fact and reason.” 56 In an era that often equates quick answers with intelligence and decisiveness with strength, deliberately cultivating this comfort with the unresolved can be a surprising source of creativity and resilience. In creative endeavors, this capability is the essential soil from which original work grows. It is the mental state that allows a writer to dwell with a character whose motives are still unclear, a scientist to ponder anomalous data without immediately dismissing it, or an entrepreneur to sit with the ambiguity of an untested market. 57 The pressure to resolve the tension too quickly can collapse the delicate process of discovery. This concept also holds profound value in leadership and collaborative work. A leader possessing a high degree of negative capability can listen to conflicting, incomplete reports from their team without succumbing to the anxiety that demands an immediate, premature synthesis. 58 This creates a psychological safety that allows for the friction of diverse ideas to generate light rather than heat, reducing groupthink and surfacing more innovative solutions. On a personal, emotional level, it builds a crucial form of maturity. Life invariably presents us with stretches that cannot be neatly solved or fully understood — the fog of grief, the anxiety of a career transition, the complexities of a strained relationship. 59   It is the ability to say, “I don’t have the answer yet, and that’s okay,” and to find a way to inhabit that uncomfortable space without being paralyzed by it. How does one develop this muscle? It begins with small practices: observing thoughts without judgment during mindfulness, engaging with art that embraces ambiguity, or simply resisting the reflexive grab for the phone when a moment of boredom arises. 60 It is not passive surrender, but an active, disciplined patience — the strength to abide in the question until a deeper, more authentic answer gradually reveals itself. A．It is a resistance to the premature closure of complex questions. B．This patience allows for a richer, more nuanced picture to emerge before a decision is forced. C．Therefore, seeking immediate clarity should always be our primary goal. D．Negative capability provides a framework for navigating these ambiguous passages without false certainty. E．The modern world offers few opportunities to practice such tolerance. F．Keats contrasted this quality sharply with the relentless pursuit of logical answers. G．The goal is to become more comfortable with the process of not knowing. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 17 / 32 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题08 阅读理解七选五之说明文逻辑（培优专练） 目录 真题·命题感知............................................................................................................................................................01 进阶·强化演练............................................................................................................................................................08 拔高·模拟预测............................................................................................................................................................18 真题·命题感知 第一部分：过渡句识别 Passage 1 2025年全国II卷高考英语七选五真题 【话题】 家庭志愿服务的意外好处 Need a way to bond as a family? Looking for a shared hobby that benefits everyone? 36________ Research shows that volunteering together can strengthen family connections, improve individual health, and even make time feel more plentiful. Volunteering makes time feel more abundant. Paradoxically, giving away your time can make you feel like you have more of it. Yet a study published in the journal Psychological Science found that people who volunteered felt they had more time than those who didn't. 37________ Regular volunteering can extend your life. Studies consistently show that older adults who volunteer regularly have lower blood pressure, reduced risk of cognitive decline, and even longer lifespans. 38________ One long-term study found that volunteers had a 24% lower risk of early death. 39________ Teens who volunteer are more likely to stay in school, have higher self-esteem, and develop leadership skills. These benefits aren't just temporary—they last well into adulthood. Volunteering strengthens family relationships. When families volunteer together, they learn to communicate better and appreciate each other's unique strengths. 40________ You might discover your child has a talent for organizing or a gift for comforting others. 36. Which sentence best serves as a transitional sentence to introduce the topic of family volunteering? A. Some families prefer outdoor volunteering activities. B. Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need. C. Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers. D. Individual volunteering is more effective than group service. E. For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits. F. You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn't know about before. G. Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day. 【答案】 B 【解析】空位分析：前文提出两个问题（“需要增进家庭凝聚力？寻找对全家有益的共享爱好？”），后文引出“研究表明家庭志愿服务可以……”这一中心主题。 过渡功能判断：此处需要填入一个承上启下的过渡句——既回应前文关于“家庭需求”的提问，又引出后文“志愿服务”的主题。 选项匹配：B项“家庭志愿服务可能就是你需要的东西”完美衔接：前文的“寻找方式”被具体化为“志愿服务”，后文的“研究表明”进一步展开说明其益处。其余选项均为分论点内容（如C项关于青少年、E项关于成年人健康），不适合放在首段作为引入句。 Passage 2 2026届高三模拟题·河北省沧州市一模（过渡句识别——段内逻辑衔接） 【话题】 图书馆的多种功能与服务 Whether you visit regularly or you‘re new to using libraries, you might be surprised to learn how much they can do for you—beyond letting you borrow amazing books for free. 1________ Here are some of the many things the library has to offer. Research and recommendations. Librarians can help you research a school project or paper, show you how to do an Internet search, and guide you to reliable sources of correct information. They can also help you find a book you’re looking for, even if you can‘t remember the exact title. 2________ Tell them what books you have enjoyed, as well as subjects that interest and inspire you. They can recommend your next read. 3________ Besides books, you or an adult in your family can also borrow and stream movies, music, and TV shows with the help of library apps like Hoopla and Kanopy—find out which app your library uses. There are also computers to use for free and quiet zones where you can do homework without distractions. You may also find free or discounted printing and photocopying. Fun clubs and classes. Many libraries host free events for young people. You can ask a librarian or check the library’s website for a schedule of upcoming activities and sign up with your card. These can include teen book clubs, gaming clubs, art workshops, makerspaces, and classes like chess and crafting. 4________ Volunteer opportunities. Many libraries welcome volunteer help from kids. You can learn valuable skills, such as managing responsibility and communicating with others. 5________ Others need kids to volunteer to read advance reader copies of books. 2. Which transitional sentence best connects the sentences before and after it in the “Research and recommendations” section? A. A multimedia center. B. An essential library card. C. Library is more than a collection of books. D. Besides, librarians can make great book suggestions. E. Librarians also help people with online benefits applications. F. These activities provide entertainment and offer opportunities for socializing. G. Some libraries ask kids to write book reviews to help other kids decide what to read. 【答案】 D 【解析】 空位分析：本题位于第二段段中。空前句说“图书管理员可以帮你找到想找的书（即使记不清书名）”，空后句说“告诉他们你喜欢什么书、什么主题，他们可以推荐下一本读物”。 过渡功能判断：空前讲“帮助找书”，空后讲“根据喜好推荐书”，两者是并列递进关系——先帮找已知的书，再推荐未知的读物。需要填入含有递进逻辑的过渡句。 选项匹配：D项“此外，图书管理员还能给出很棒的阅读建议”中，“Besides”是明显的并列递进信号词，功能上衔接“找书”与“荐书”两个层次。其他选项或为小标题（A项多媒体中心），或内容与本段无关。 第二部分：代词指代 Passage 1 2025年全国I卷英语七选五真题 【话题】 校园咖啡馆的暖心服务 Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning? The College Cafe has just that, and more. 36 ______ Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets exactly what they order. She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks. 37 ______ As the customer grabs the drink from her hand, she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your day?” Murphy arrives at 4:45 every morning, driving 30 minutes to get to the cafe on time. 38 ______ “I know the students need their coffee before class, so I want to be ready,” she explains. What makes Murphy special is her attention to detail. She remembers regular customers‘ orders and often adds little personal touches. For example, if a student has been up late studying, she might make them an extra warm cup of hot cocoa. 39 ______ “She always brightens my morning,” says Joanna Wright, a senior political science major. “I don’t even have to tell her what I want anymore.” Murphy has worked at the cafe for 17 years and has no plans to leave anytime soon. “I enjoy working here and seeing the students grow,” she says. 40 ______ For Murphy, the cafe is more than a workplace; it‘s a community hub where she can connect with students and make a difference in their daily lives. 39. Which option uses a pronoun to refer to the personal touches mentioned in the previous sentence? A. The cafe closes at 9 p.m. every weekday. B. Her friendly attitude makes the cafe a popular spot. C. She arrives early to make sure everything is ready for the busy morning. D. After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup. E. Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles. F. These small, personal touches make customers feel valued and welcome. G. I can‘t imagine working anywhere else; I love being part of this community. 【答案】 F 【解析】 空位分析：本题位于第4段段中。空前句描述了Murphy的个人化服务细节（“记住常客订单，添加小贴心举动”），并举例说明（为熬夜学生多准备一杯热可可）。空后句引用学生Joanna的话，说明Murphy的服务让她感到温暖。 代词指代识别：F选项中的“These small, personal touches”——指示代词“These”指代什么？必须是前文提到过的具体内容。前文刚讲述Murphy“adds little personal touches”，并给出了具体例子。“These personal touches”正好回指这一内容，单复数一致（touches为复数，These为复数指示词），语义衔接紧密。 干扰项排除： A、C、D均为主语“She”，虽可指代Murphy，但与空前句的“personal touches”话题不一致 B中的“Her friendly attitude”是概括性评价，缺少前文明确的先行词 E中的“this cafe”指代咖啡馆，不是空格所在段落的核心话题 考点总结：本题考查指示代词these的指代功能——前文列举具体事例（personal touches），选项中用“These...”进行总结和升华，是说明文典型的“具体→概括”逻辑。 Passage 2 2026届高三模拟题·山东济宁三模 【话题】 算法依赖与人类自主决策 When you log into social media, does an algorithm govern your feed? When shopping online, do you often focus on top-listed, AI-suggested items? If you answer “Yes”, most of the time, you go along with what the algorithm recommends. 6 ______ As the name suggests, the term refers to our growing tendency to outsource decisions to systems designed to predict and control our behavior. Now, there‘s nothing fundamentally wrong with accepting algorithmic suggestions. 7 ______ But like water slowly carving stone, repeated reliance on AI recommendations can weaken our capacity for independent judgement and even our sense of self. Over time, such reliance not only affects the quality of our choices but also undermines our ability to trust our own judgements. 8 ______ It is the capacity to make intentional choices and take purposeful action. Exercising it requires that we actively shape ourselves through thoughtful choices, rather than being passively shaped by algorithms, social norms, or external pressures. To achieve this, practicing intentional pauses proves workable. That is, before accepting a recommendation, pause and ask, “Would I have made this choice on my own?” 9 ______ For example, when you’re on YouTube, autoplay goes to another video. Instead of watching mindlessly, you pause and realize you‘re not truly interested. You close the app and go for a walk instead, following your inner voice over automation. To be human is to choose. It is to exercise the human capacity for intentional action, the ability we have been given to be the authors of our own lives. As AI becomes more integrated in our lives, we must actively preserve our decision-making capacities. 10 ______ 6. Which option contains a pronoun that refers to the behavior pattern described in the previous sentences? A. That is how we remain human. B. So, it‘s time to reclaim human agency. C. In many cases, they save us considerable time. D. The aim of this question is to stay open to algorithms. E. This short reflection brings awareness to your decisions. F. Psychologists term this common practice “algorithmic dependence.” G. An algorithm is a set of defined rules you follow to get a specific result. 【答案】 F 【解析】代词指代识别：F选项中的“this common practice”——指示代词“this”指代什么？前文描述了人们依赖算法推荐的行为模式（“you go along with what the algorithm recommends”），这是一种普遍存在的行为习惯。“this common practice”正好回指这一行为模式，并引出专业术语“algorithmic dependence”。 空位分析：空格位于首段段尾。前文描述了算法依赖的行为表现，空后句进一步解释该术语的含义（“As the name suggests, the term refers to...”）。因此，空格处需要先用代词指代前文内容，然后引出术语名称，为下文的解释做铺垫。 干扰项排除： A中的“That”指代不明，且内容为结论性语句，不适合段中位置 B中的“it”没有明确先行词 C中的“they”可能指代algorithms，但原文未明确提及algorithms的复数形式 G中的“An algorithm”是定义句，缺少与前文的代词衔接 考点总结：本题考查指示代词this的指代功能——前文描述现象或行为，选项中用“this+概括名词”进行回指并引出新概念，是说明文常见的“现象→命名→解释”逻辑链条。 第三部分：总分结构 Passage 1 2025年全国I卷英语七选五真题 【话题】 校园咖啡馆的暖心服务 Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning? The College Cafe has just that, and more. 36 ______ Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets exactly what they order. She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks. 37 ______ As the customer grabs the drink from her hand, she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your day?” Murphy arrives at 4:45 every morning, driving 30 minutes to get to the cafe on time. 38 ______ “I know the students need their coffee before class, so I want to be ready,” she explains. What makes Murphy special is her attention to detail. She remembers regular customers‘ orders and often adds little personal touches. For example, if a student has been up late studying, she might make them an extra warm cup of hot cocoa. 39 ______ “She always brightens my morning,” says Joanna Wright, a senior political science major. “I don’t even have to tell her what I want anymore.” Murphy has worked at the cafe for 17 years and has no plans to leave anytime soon. “I enjoy working here and seeing the students grow,” she says. 40 ______ For Murphy, the cafe is more than a workplace; it’s a community hub where she can connect with students and make a difference in their daily lives. A. The cafe closes at 9 p.m. every weekday. B. Her friendly attitude makes the cafe a popular spot. C. She arrives early to make sure everything is ready for the busy morning. D. After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup. E. Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles. F. These small, personal touches make customers feel valued and welcome. G. I can‘t imagine working anywhere else; I love being part of this community. 36. 本文采用了“总—分—总”的叙事结构。第36题位于首段段尾，在结构上起到什么作用？ A. 分论点展开，具体说明咖啡馆的服务细节 B. 总起句，统领全文并引出人物主题 C. 承上启下的过渡句，连接前文设问与后文人物描写 D. 总结句，归纳全文主旨 【答案】 C 【解析】结构定位：首段以设问句开头（“需要在课间休息一下吗？”），接着陈述“校园咖啡馆正好能满足这一需求，甚至更多”。36题位于首段段尾，紧接着引出主人公Catherine Murphy及其服务。 总分结构分析：全文采用“总—分—总”结构： 总起（Para. 1）：通过设问引出咖啡馆的核心价值——不仅提供饮品，还提供“微笑”； 分述（Para. 2-4）：通过工作场景、个人动机、顾客视角刻画人物； 总结（Para. 5）：情感升华，点明“无名英雄”主题。 36题功能：该空位于“总起”部分的结尾，既回应前文设问（“咖啡馆有更多东西”），又用“smiles”一词为后文人物叙事埋下伏笔。选项E“这家咖啡馆不仅提供饮品，也提供微笑”正是这样的承上启下过渡句——不是纯粹的总起（选项B），也不是总结（选项D），而是连接首段与人物描写的枢纽。 方法总结：首段段尾空若前文为设问引入、后文为人物/主题展开，则需填入承上启下的过渡句，用关键词（如“smiles”）衔接前后。 Passage 2 2026·安徽铜陵市多校联考二模（总分结构——小标题识别+分论点匹配） 【话题】 元宵节与灯谜文化 Basic Introduction to the Lantern Festival The Lantern Festival, celebrated on the 15th day of the first month of the traditional Chinese calendar, is a vibrant and joyous occasion. 6 ______ Among its long-standing traditions, solving lantern riddles, known as “Caidengmi,” is a particularly unique and intellectually stimulating activity that has been cherished for centuries. How Lantern Riddles Are Celebrated Lantern riddles are an essential part of the festival, combining artistic beauty with the challenge of wisdom. During the celebrations, riddles are written on paper and attached to lanterns of different shapes and sizes, which are often decorated with delicate designs of animals, mythological stories, or historical figures, creating a visually impressive scene. 7 ______ Cultural Value of Lantern Riddles 8 ______ It also shows the high value that Chinese culture places on knowledge and wisdom. Solving riddles calls for creativity, language skills, and a good understanding of Chinese characters and idioms, making it an enjoyable challenge for people of all ages. Social and Historical Meaning Historically, lantern riddles helped strengthen community bonds. 9 ______ In this warm way, they made the festival more meaningful. This tradition has survived for hundreds of years, still attracting people with its rich culture and mental challenge. 10 ______ Even today, lantern riddles remain a much-loved part of the Lantern Festival, connecting traditional culture with modern celebrations. They remind people of the lasting power of knowledge and the happiness of gathering together to celebrate culture and community. As a precious cultural treasure, lantern riddles connect the past with the present. They bring fun, wisdom, and warmth to people’s lives, and will continue to shine brightly in the future of Chinese traditional culture. A. Changes in modern celebrations B. Lasting popularity in modern times C. They built a bridge for hearts to connect and ideas to shine D. Visitors guess the riddles, turning streets into a feast of wisdom E. The tradition of lantern riddles brings more than just fun to the festival F. It is marked by dazzling lantern displays, shows and delicious festival food G. They were a way to show off one’s superior knowledge and intelligence to others 8. 本文采用了“总—分—总”结构，各段落均有小标题统领内容。第8题位于“Cultural Value of Lantern Riddles”段落的段首，在结构上属于什么类型？应选择哪个选项？ A. 段落小标题（总说句）—— 选E B. 段落分述细节句 —— 选D C. 段落总结句 —— 选B D. 过渡衔接句 —— 选C 【答案】 A 【解析】结构定位：本文采用典型的说明文“总—分—总”结构： 总起（Para. 1）：介绍元宵节及灯谜传统 分述（Para. 2-5）：四个小标题段落，分别从“庆祝方式”“文化价值”“社会历史意义”“现代传承”四个维度展开 总结（Para. 6-7）：升华主题，强调灯谜的文化传承意义 8题功能：该空位于“Cultural Value of Lantern Riddles”段落的首句，是全段的总领句。后文“It also shows...”表明该句既要概括本段核心内容（文化价值），又要与后文形成递进关系。 选项匹配：E项“灯谜传统给节日带来的不仅仅是乐趣”——首句提出“不仅仅是乐趣”，暗示下文要展开说明更深层的文化价值（如对知识、智慧的重视），符合段落总说句的功能。其他选项：D是描述庆祝场景的细节句，B是结尾段的内容，C是社会意义段的内容。 进阶·强化演练 Passage 1 （2026·江苏南通·二模）Mistakes are an unavoidable part of life. They can range from minor errors to significant missteps that change our life’s direction. Instead of getting lost in regret, it’s crucial to learn how to heal and grow from those experiences. 1 Here are the tips you can try the next time you want to forgive yourself. Understand the impact of past mistakes. Past mistakes often leave emotional marks. Feelings such as guilt, shame, and regret can overshadow our lives. Recognizing how these emotions affect us is the first step to healing. ​It’s vital to remember that making mistakes is a normal part of being human. 2 Embracing this shared experience can help you approach it with understanding rather than harsh judgment. 3 Releasing guilt and shame is essential for healing. These negative feelings can trap you in a loop of self-blame. To break free, start by reflecting on your mistake and its consequences. Self-compassion is key. Treat yourself as you would treat a friend who made a similar mistake. Remind yourself that everyone fails and that your past actions do not define your worth. Learn from mistakes. Every error comes with a lesson. Identifying these lessons is crucial. Spend time analyzing what went wrong. For instance, if poor time management led to missing a deadline at work, consider strategies to improve this skill. 4 Write about the mistake and the lessons learned. This not only helps you think clearly but also creates a record of your growth. Embrace change and move forward. After releasing guilt and learning from errors, it’s time to embrace change. Set new, realistic goals based on your lessons learned. This could be as simple as committing to improving a specific skill within three months. 5 For example, if you want to enhance your decision-making skills, practice making small, low-risk decisions daily. This will build your confidence over time. A．Practice mindfulness. B．Let go of guilt and shame. C．Everyone messes up at some point. D．Easier said than done though, right? E．Consider adopting supportive habits. F．Life is a mixture of pleasure and pain. G．Journaling can be a useful tool for this. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．G 5．E 【导语】文章介绍犯错不可避免，并给出四种自我原谅、从错误中成长的方法。 【详解】1．上文“Instead of getting lost in regret, it’s crucial to learn how to heal and grow from those experiences.(与其沉浸在后悔中，不如学会如何从这些经历中治愈和成长)”提出要从错误中自愈成长，下文“Here are the tips you can try the next time you want to forgive yourself.(以下是你下次想要原谅自己时可以尝试的技巧)”引出具体建议，空处承上启下，前后语义形成转折，说明道理易懂但实操困难。所以D项“虽说如此，但做起来却不容易，对吧？”符合语境。 2．上文“It’s vital to remember that making mistakes is a normal part of being human.(重要的是要记住，犯错是人类正常的一部分)”提及犯错很正常，空处和前文为解释顺接关系，呼应人类都会犯错的共性。所以C项“每个人在人生某个阶段都会犯错”符合语境，C选项中“Everyone messes up”与上文“making mistakes”语义呼应，进一步解释前文观点。 3．下文“Releasing guilt and shame is essential for healing. These negative feelings can trap you in a loop of self-blame. To break free, start by reflecting on your mistake and its consequences. Self-compassion is key. Treat yourself as you would treat a friend who made a similar mistake. Remind yourself that everyone fails and that your past actions do not define your worth. (释放内疚和羞耻感对于治愈至关重要。这些负面情绪会让你陷入自责的循环。要想挣脱束缚，首先要反思你的错误及其后果。自我同情是关键。像对待犯过类似错误的朋友一样对待自己。提醒自己，每个人都会失败，你过去的行为并不能定义你的价值)”说明整段讲述放下内疚和羞愧、停止自我指责。空处统领本段主旨，概括段落核心内容。所以B项“放下内疚与羞愧”契合段落主题。 4．上文“For instance, if poor time management led to missing a deadline at work, consider strategies to improve this skill.(例如，如果时间管理不善导致错过工作截止日期，考虑采取策略来提高这项技能)”说明可以通过写日记来分析错误，空处和前文为递进关系，引出记录反思的方式。所以G项“写日记对此是个有用的方式”符合语境，进一步说明写日记的作用。 5．上文“This could be as simple as committing to improving a specific skill within three months.(这可能很简单，比如在三个月内致力于提高一项特定技能)”说明要设定目标并致力于提高技能，下文“For example, if you want to enhance your decision-making skills, practice making small, low-risk decisions daily. This will build your confidence over time.(例如，如果你想提高你的决策能力，每天练习做出小而低风险的决定。随着时间的推移，这将建立你的信心)”举例通过日常小决定培养能力、建立自信。空处顺接前文，和后文为总述与举例关系，引出具体行动方式，所以E项“考虑养成有益的习惯。”符合语境。 Passage 2 （2026·湖南张家界·三模）Cookie-consent pop-ups are one of the biggest annoyances on the Internet. Almost every site you visit has a notice saying, “This website uses cookies to improve your experience. Do you agree?” or something similar. 6 But should we? Not necessarily. Many companies have you click “yes” so that they’re compliant with current privacy laws. 7 And they don’t have to worry about legal backlash. Most of the time, cookies are no big deal. There are a few occasions, though, where you should decline cookies. Beware when you’re on an unprotected website while using a public Wi-Fi network. The information collected by cookies can be accessed by hackers because there isn’t any security to stop them. 8 While in this mode, cookies aren’t collected by default, no matter where your Internet journeys take you. 9 Otherwise, accepting gives the website the right to sell your browsing behavior to a data broker, who then combines your behavior on one website with information from other websites and builds an extremely detailed profile of you as a consumer. “The broker then sells that profile to other third parties who want to market to people like you,” says Harry Maugans, CEO of Privacy Bee, a proactive privacy management tool for consumers. According to Maugans, some third-party cookies are even malicious. You could become a victim of “cookie stealing” or “session hijacking”. If you’re afraid that you’ve already accepted cookies on websites where you wouldn’t want your information gathered, go into your browser and use the “clear cookies” option 10 So next time you see a cookie pop-up, think twice before you click. A．Once you do so, you can easily withdraw your permission at any time. B．This simple action puts you back in the driver’s seat of your own privacy. C．If the cookie-consent pop-up mentions third-party cookies, click “decline”. D．That’s why privacy experts recommend clearing your cookies every day. E．Clicking gives the company permission to use your information as they see fit. F．Your best bet when borrowing coffee shop Wi-Fi is to use your browser’s private mode. G．Typically, we click “yes” or “agree” without even thinking, eager to get to the content. 【答案】6．G 7．E 8．F 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文是主要介绍了网页Cookie同意弹窗的相关利弊、何时应拒绝接受Cookie以及保护个人隐私的相关做法。 【详解】6．由下文“But should we? Not necessarily.(但我们应该同意吗？未必如此。)”可知，设空处应描述人们面对Cookie弹窗时习惯性同意的行为。G选项“Typically, we click ‘yes’ or ‘agree’ without even thinking, eager to get to the content.(通常我们不假思索就点击‘是’或‘同意’，急于浏览内容。)”承接后文反问，从而引发了后文的讨论，语义衔接自然。 7．由上文“Many companies have you click ‘yes’ so that they’re compliant with current privacy laws.(很多公司让你点击同意是为了遵守现行隐私法。)”和下文“And they don’t have to worry about legal backlash.(而且他们不必担心法律追责。)”可知，设空处应说明用户点击同意后对公司的作用。E选项“Clicking gives the company permission to use your information as they see fit.(点击同意就等于授权公司随意使用你的个人信息。)”揭示了点击“是”的实质：用户给予授权。这正好解释了公司如何实现“合规”（通过获得用户明确同意），并且有了这个授权，他们自然“不必担心法律反弹”，逻辑链条完整。 8．根据上文“Beware when you’re on an unprotected website while using a public Wi-Fi network. The information-collected by cookies can be accessed by hackers because there isn’t any security to stop them. (当你在使用公共Wi-Fi网络访问不安全的网站时要小心。黑客可以访问cookies收集的信息，因为没有任何安全措施可以阻止他们。)”可知，这里指出了在公共Wi-Fi下使用cookie的安全风险。因此，本空需要一个句子，能提供在这种高风险情况下的应对建议。F选项“Your best bet when borrowing coffee shop Wi-Fi is to use your browser’s private mode. (当你借用咖啡店的Wi-Fi时，最好的选择是使用浏览器的隐私模式。)”符合题意。该项直接给出了具体建议——“使用浏览器的隐私模式”，这与“公共Wi-Fi”的场景吻合。 9．由下文“Otherwise, accepting gives the website the right to sell your browsing behavior to a data broker(否则，同意授权会让网站有权把你的浏览记录卖给数据中间商。)”可知，设空处应给出遇到特定Cookie弹窗时的正确操作。C选项“If the cookie-consent pop-up mentions third-party cookies, click ‘decline’.(若Cookie授权弹窗提及第三方Cookie，就点击“拒绝”。)”与后文otherwise形成正反对比，逻辑通顺。 10．由上文“If you’re afraid that you’ve already accepted cookies on websites where you wouldn’t want your information gathered, go into your browser and use the ‘clear cookies’ option (如果你担心已经在那些你不想被收集信息的网站上接受了cookies，进入你的浏览器并使用“清除cookies”选项。)”可知，设空处应说明清除Cookie这一操作的意义。B选项“This simple action puts you back in the driver’s seat of your own privacy.(这个简单操作能让你重新掌控自己的隐私。)”承接上文操作，说明其作用。 Passage 3 （2026·福建南平·二模）Divergent (发散性) thinking is an ability to generate multiple approaches to solving a problem. The divergent thinkers typically answer simple questions like “What are the uses for a flower pot?” in many ways. 11 A genius of divergent thinking would come up with a hundred possible answers, and they do this by changing the concepts of already existing thinking. Research shows that divergent thinking is mostly found among people who know how to ask questions. Divergent thinking is not so much about finding answers as it is about asking the question to get to those answers. 12 The more you ask clear questions that explore the differences, the better your chance of succeeding. 13 This technique is a tool that builds upon ideas. Allow everyone to think more freely in the group atmosphere. Don’t pursue a practical solution. Instead, gather ideas relevant to the problem itself. Besides brainstorming, you can also keep a journal. Using a journal enables you to capture and record various ideas that people can have during unusual times and places. 14 Another effective way is to create a subject or mind-mapping visual. 15 And make sure the visuals show the relationships among these ideas. Take “Start a Charity” for example. Come up with necessary subtopics, and use lines and circles to visualize the topic. After generating ideas in these ways, you can arrange your ideas in an innovative manner. A．This method is used to exchange ideas. B．It helps find the answers to the questions. C．Put the related ideas in the form of a chart or a picture. D．Asking the right questions will get what you are seeking. E．Brainstorming is one way to improve your divergent thinking. F．An average person would have 10 to 15 answers to this question. G．Later, it can become a source book of ideas to develop and organize. 【答案】11．F 12．D 13．E 14．G 15．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了发散性思维的概念、特点以及几种提升发散性思维的方法，如提问、头脑风暴、记日记、思维导图等。 【详解】11．根据上文“Divergent (发散性) thinking is an ability to generate multiple approaches to solving a problem. The divergent thinkers typically answer simple questions like ‘What are the uses for a flower pot?’ in many ways. (发散性思维是一种产生多种解决问题方法的能力。发散性思考者通常会以多种方式回答像“花盆有什么用途？”这样的简单问题。)”可知，这里在说明发散性思考者能对一个简单问题给出许多种答案。下文“A genius of divergent thinking would come up with a hundred possible answers, and they do this by changing the concepts of already existing thinking. (一个发散性思维的天才会想出一百种可能的答案，他们通过改变已有思维的概念来做到这一点。)” 是以“天才”为例，说明其能想出“一百种”答案。F选项“An average person would have 10 to 15 answers to this question. (一个普通人会有10到15个答案来回答这个问题。)”能与“天才”形成对比，描述“普通人”的情况，以突出发散性思维能力的差异，符合题意。 12．根据上文“Divergent thinking is not so much about finding answers as it is about asking the question to get to those answers. (发散性思维与其说是寻找答案，不如说是通过提出问题来获得那些答案。)”可知，这里强调“提问”在发散性思维中的核心地位。下文“The more you ask clear questions that explore the differences, the better your chance of succeeding. (你提出的探索差异的清晰问题越多，你成功的机会就越大。)” 是在强调“探索差异的清晰问题”越多越好。D选项“Asking the right questions will get what you are seeking. (提出正确的问题将得到你正在寻求的东西。)”能进一步阐述“提问”的重要性，并进一步指出要问“正确的问题(right questions)”，这与下文“ask clear questions that explore the differences (提出探索差异的清晰问题)”形成逻辑递进，强调了“问题质量”的重要性。 13．本题是选择段落小标题或段落首句。根据本段内容“This technique is a tool that builds upon ideas. Allow everyone to think more freely in the group atmosphere. Don’t pursue a practical solution. Instead, gather ideas relevant to the problem itself. Besides brainstorming, you can also keep a journal. (这项技术是一种建立在想法基础上的工具。允许每个人在小组氛围中更自由地思考。不要追求实用的解决方案。相反，收集与问题本身相关的想法。除了头脑风暴，你还可以记日记。)”可知，本段在介绍两种具体的提升发散性思维的方法：一种是小组性质的“This technique”，从描述“group atmosphere”、“Don’t pursue a practical solution”等来看，这显然是指“头脑风暴(brainstorming)”；另一种是“keep a journal (记日记)”。E选项“Brainstorming is one way to improve your divergent thinking. (头脑风暴是提高你发散性思维的一种方法。)”能点明本段的核心是介绍“头脑风暴”这一具体方法，其中“one way”也与下文“Besides brainstorming, you can also keep a journal”中的“also”呼应，表明本段介绍不止一种方法，但“头脑风暴”是主要介绍的第一个。 14．根据上文“Using a journal enables you to capture and record various ideas that people can have during unusual times and places. (使用日记可以让你捕捉和记录人们在非常规时间和地点可能产生的各种想法。)”可知，这里在说明记日记的功用：随时记录想法。G选项“Later, it can become a source book of ideas to develop and organize. (之后，它可以成为一本开发和整理想法的资源书。)”能进一步说明这些被记录下来的想法在“之后”可以如何被利用，以体现其长期价值。符合题意。 15．根据上文“Another effective way is to create a subject or mind-mapping visual. (另一个有效的方法是创建一个主题或思维导图视觉图。)”可知，这里在介绍“思维导图”这种方法。下文“And make sure the visuals show the relationships among these ideas. (并确保视觉图能显示这些想法之间的关系。)”是在强调思维导图要体现“想法间的关系”。C选项“Put the related ideas in the form of a chart or a picture. (以图表或图片的形式呈现相关的想法。)”能具体说明如何“创建思维导图”，即第一步做什么，并且为下文“显示关系”提供了基础（先“放进去”，再“显示关系”），步骤清晰。 Passage 4 （2026·河北邢台·二模）If you spend any time gardening, you probably understand what I mean when I say it feels good — despite the lifting, sweating and muscle pain involved. Yes, acts like digging in the dirt are good for my body. 16 Even the smell of the soil makes me happy. 17 There’s an entire field called horticultural therapy (园艺疗法) using plant-based and garden-based activities to support people with treatment needs. Research suggests 20 – 30 minutes of gardening a few times a week can reduce stress and lift one’s mood, and that the more regularly one gardens, the greater the benefits are. Gardening requires more than just staying outdoors. 18 Such active engagement over time adds a unique layer of meaning and satisfaction that passive outdoor time does not. In addition, gardening has been shown to ease symptoms of anxiety and depression, and to develop a sense of calm, purpose and achievement. A study backs this up. The researchers provide one group of participants with an instructional gardening class, seeds, starter plants and a community gardening plot. 19 The gardening group report stronger social connections, lower stress levels and about a 7% increase in fiber intake. They also report a 42-minute weekly increase in physical activity, which the non-gardening group don’t report. “Physically, gardening improves strength, flexibility and balance. Mentally, it develops problem-solving skills and creativity,” says Sarah Thompson, a professionally registered horticultural therapist, adding that it’s a highly adaptable activity. “ 20 And its benefits are accessible to everyone.” Deep down, we gardeners have always believed this. Now, we have the science to prove it. A．Almost all gardeners have this understanding. B．As it turns out, there are scientific reasons for this. C．Gardening can be suited to any space, ability or age. D．They also have a group without gardening for two years. E．Most of the participants enjoy the pleasure of being outdoors. F．We should always tend plants with enthusiasm and a willing heart. G．However, apart from the physical benefits, they help lift my spirits. 【答案】16．G 17．B 18．F 19．D 20．C 【导语】主要介绍园艺劳作不仅锻炼身体，还有科学依据佐证其舒缓压力、调节情绪及身心疗愈的多重益处。 【详解】16．根据前文“Yes, acts like digging in the dirt are good for my body.(没错，翻土这类园艺活动对我的身体有益。)”以及后文“Even the smell of the soil makes me happy.(就连泥土的气息也能让我心情愉悦。)”可知，前文先说园艺对身体的好处，后文转向精神层面的愉悦，G选项“However, apart from the physical benefits, they help lift my spirits.(然而除了身体上的益处，它们还能改善我的情绪)”形成转折过渡，承接身体益处，引出精神收获。 17．根据后文“There’s an entire field called horticultural therapy (园艺疗法) using plant-based and garden-based activities to support people with treatment needs.(有一门园艺疗法，利用植物和园艺活动帮助有康复需求的人。)”以及后文科研数据说明园艺减压怡情可知，空格处总起下文，点明这种身心好处有科学依据支撑，B选项“As it turns out, there are scientific reasons for this.(事实证明，这背后是有科学原因的)”承上启下，引出下文专业理论与研究。 18．根据前文“Gardening requires more than just staying outdoors.(园艺不仅仅只是待在户外而已。)”以及后文“Such active engagement over time adds a unique layer of meaning and satisfaction that passive outdoor time does not. (长期这种主动投入能增添被动户外活动所没有的意义与满足感。)”可知，空格处说明园艺需要用心主动投入，F选项“We should always tend plants with enthusiasm and a willing heart.(我们应当始终怀着热情和心甘情愿的心态照料植物)”呼应主动参与的内涵，和后文active engagement语义契合。 19．根据前文“The researchers provide one group of participants with an instructional gardening class, seeds, starter plants and a community gardening plot.(研究人员给一组参与者提供园艺课程、种子、幼苗和社区园艺场地。)”可知，科研实验一般设置实验组和对照组，空格处介绍另一组不参与园艺的对照组，D选项“They also have a group without gardening for two years.(他们还设置了一组两年不参与园艺活动的人员)”匹配实验对照逻辑，为后文两组数据对比做铺垫。 20．根据前文““Physically, gardening improves strength, flexibility and balance. Mentally, it develops problem-solving skills and creativity,” says Sarah Thompson, a professionally registered horticultural therapist, adding that it’s a highly adaptable activity. (专业注册园艺治疗师萨拉·汤普森表示：“在身体层面，园艺能增强体力、提升柔韧性与平衡能力；在心理层面，它可以培养解决问题的能力和创造力”，她还补充道，这是一项适应性极强的活动。)”以及后文“And its benefits are accessible to everyone.(而且每个人都能享受到它带来的益处。)”可知，空处需要对“适应性极强”进行具体阐释，衔接前后语义，C选项“Gardening can be suited to any space, ability or age.(园艺适合任意场地、能力水平与年龄人群)”具体解释了高适应性的内涵，同时自然引出后文人人都可受益的表述，逻辑契合。 Passage 5 （2026·广东·二模）Did you know that your stylish jacket or favorite jeans might once have been plastic bottles? This is the world of rPET, also known as recycled polyester (再生聚酯纤维). 21 As a result, a used water bottle can take on a new life as activewear or even high-fashion pieces. 22 First, plastic bottles are collected, sorted, and cleaned. After cleaning, they are cut, melted into liquid, and stretched into thin fibers. These fibers are then spun into yarn (纱线), which can be woven into different kinds of fabric. Finally, the fabric goes through finishing processes such as printing or coating to achieve the desired color, pattern, and performance. Some people assume that clothing made from “waste” must be cheap or low-quality. It is true that plastic-based fabrics can be less breathable and may feel rough for people with sensitive skin. 23 According to a Textile (纺织品) Exchange report, the use of rPET grew by 20% between 2020 and 2021, and made up about 14% of all global polyester production in 2022. This growth comes from rising awareness of both its practical advantages and its environmental value. In terms of performance, rPET is strong, durable, and quick-drying — qualities that make it ideal for sportswear. 24 Beyond performance, rPET supports the environment. Producing it uses 99% less water than producing traditional polyester, an important benefit for water-stressed regions involved in textile manufacturing. It also helps reduce waste. About 25 rPET bottles can be turned into the fibers for one jacket. 25 rPET is not a perfect solution to plastic pollution, but it is a meaningful step toward more sustainable fashion and a cleaner planet. A．It is also lightweight and wrinkle-resistant. B．However, market trends tell a different story. C．The transformation happens through several steps. D．This keeps millions of plastic bottles out of landfills each year. E．Recycling rPET fabric back into new fabric can be challenging. F．While it is safe to wear, it releases microplastics when it is washed. G．Unlike traditional polyester made from petrol, rPET uses existing plastic. 【答案】21．G 22．C 23．B 24．A 25．D 【导语】本文主要介绍再生聚酯纤维rPET，讲解其原料来源、制作流程、市场发展、性能优势与环保价值，指出它虽不完美，但助力可持续时尚发展。 【详解】21．根据上文“Did you know that your stylish jacket or favorite jeans might once have been plastic bottles? This is the world of rPET, also known as recycled polyester (再生聚酯纤维).(你知道吗，你时尚的夹克或最喜欢的牛仔裤可能曾经是塑料瓶？这就是rPET的世界，也被称为再生聚酯纤维。)”以及下文“As a result, a used water bottle can take on a new life as activewear or even high - fashion pieces.(因此，一个用过的水瓶可以以运动服甚至高级时装的形式获得新生。)”可知，空格处需介绍rPET 的原料特点。G选项“Unlike traditional polyester made from petrol, rPET uses existing plastic.(与由石油制成的传统聚酯纤维不同，rPET使用现有的塑料。)”符合语境，承接上文对rPET的介绍，引出下文用过的水瓶能获得新生的内容。 22．根据下文“First, plastic bottles are collected, sorted, and cleaned. After cleaning, they are cut, melted into liquid, and stretched into thin fibers. These fibers are then spun into yarn (纱线), which can be woven into different kinds of fabric. Finally, the fabric goes through finishing processes such as printing or coating to achieve the desired color, pattern, and performance.(首先，收集、分类和清洁塑料瓶。清洁后，将它们切割、熔化成液体，并拉伸成细纤维。然后，这些纤维被纺成纱线，可以编织成不同种类的织物。最后，织物经过印刷或涂层等整理工序，以达到所需的颜色、图案和性能。)”可知，此段主要介绍了塑料瓶变成rPET面料的过程，即通过几个步骤实现转变。C选项“The transformation happens through several steps.(这种转变通过几个步骤发生。)”符合语境，引出下文对具体步骤的介绍。 23．根据上文“Some people assume that clothing made from “waste” must be cheap or low-quality. It is true that plastic-based fabrics can be less breathable and may feel rough for people with sensitive skin.(有些人认为用“废物”制成的衣服一定很便宜或质量低劣。的确，基于塑料的面料透气性可能较差，对敏感皮肤的人来说可能会感觉粗糙。)”以及下文“According to a Textile (纺织品) Exchange report, the use of rPET grew by 20% between 2020 and 2021, and made up about 14% of all global polyester production in 2022.(根据纺织品交易所的一份报告，2020年至2021年间，rPET的使用量增长了20%，2022年占全球聚酯纤维总产量的约14%。)”可知，上文提到有些人对rPET制成的衣服有负面看法，下文却表明rPET的使用量在增长，前后内容存在转折关系。B选项“However, market trends tell a different story.(然而，市场趋势却讲述了另一个故事。)”转折过渡，说明市场情况与人们想法不同。 24．根据上文“In terms of performance, rPET is strong, durable, and quick-drying — qualities that make it ideal for sportswear.(在性能方面，rPET坚固、耐用且速干，这些特性使其成为运动服装的理想选择。)”可知，此段在介绍rPET的性能优势，此处应继续说明其其他性能优势。A选项“It is also lightweight and wrinkle - resistant.(它还重量轻且抗皱。)”用并列结构补充其性能优势，与上文内容衔接紧密。 25．根据上文“Beyond performance, rPET supports the environment. Producing it uses 99% less water than producing traditional polyester, an important benefit for water-stressed regions involved in textile manufacturing. It also helps reduce waste. About 25 rPET bottles can be turned into the fibers for one jacket.(除了性能之外，rPET还有利于环境。与传统聚酯纤维的生产相比，它的生产用水量减少了99%，这对参与纺织制造的水资源紧张地区来说是一个重要好处。它还有助于减少浪费。大约25个rPET瓶子可以制成一件夹克的纤维。)”可知，此段在介绍rPET的环保价值，空格处需说明该做法的环保成效。D选项“This keeps millions of plastic bottles out of landfills each year.(这每年使数百万个塑料瓶远离垃圾填埋场。)”承接上文减少浪费的内容，具体体现 rPET的环保价值，符合语境。 拔高·模拟预测 Passage 1 （2026·湖南常德·一模）Small acts of volunteering, big gains for everyone When our class first discussed volunteering at a local nursing home, I hesitated. I worried I couldn’t start up a conversation with the elderly and feared the experience would be awkward. 26 Little did I know this small step would bring unexpected joy to both sides. On our first visit, we prepared simple activities: reading stories, chatting, and assisting with chores like folding clothes. 27 One elderly lady who’d been a rural teacher in her prime shared stories of educating mountain kids; another taught us to knit scarves with old wool. We laughed at her amusing stories and felt warmth at her sincerity. The feared awkwardness never came — instead, a natural bond formed. As visits became regular, we explored new ways to lend a hand. 28 We also brought homemade paper-cuts and small gifts, which lit up their ordinary days. Some classmates even taught elders to use smartphones for video calls — their tearful smiles when seeing loved ones were priceless. Volunteering didn’t just benefit the elderly — we’d initially thought we were the only givers. 29 I grew more confident in communicating across ages and learned to listen attentively. My classmates and I bonded as we cooperated to make visits meaningful, realizing small efforts beat grand gestures. By the end of the semester, we felt a bit of sorrow wrapping up the project. 30 What’s more, we have come to understand that mutual nature of kindness. When we give our time and care, we will gain boundless joy, personal growth, and precious memories that last a lifetime. A．I thought it a fruitless waste of my spare time. B．We learned tiny kindness acts have big impacts. C．It also transformed me and classmates profoundly. D．Most elders were eager to share bits of their lives with us. E．We tidied their rooms and walked with them in the garden. F．Some elders were not active, but our enthusiasm broke the ice. G．Soon I looked forward to each visit — it became my weekly highlight. 【答案】26．A 27．D 28．E 29．C 30．B 【导语】作者起初不愿去养老院做志愿，参与后和老人相处融洽。志愿活动帮助了老人，也让自身得到成长，大家领悟到小小善举有着不凡的意义。 【详解】26．根据上文“When our class first discussed volunteering at a local nursing home, I hesitated. I worried I couldn’t start up a conversation with the elderly and feared the experience would be awkward.(当我们的班级第一次讨论在本地养老院做志愿者时，我有些犹豫。我担心自己无法与老人展开对话，也害怕这次经历会显得尴尬)”以及后文“Little did I know this small step would bring unexpected joy to both sides.(我从未想到，这小小的一步会为双方带来意想不到的喜悦)”可知，第一段讲作者最初对养老院志愿活动的犹豫担忧，A选项“我当时觉得这纯粹是在白白浪费闲暇时光，毫无意义。”承接作者一开始的负面预期，衔接后文“没想到这一步会带来意外快乐”的转折，符合逻辑。 27．根据上文“On our first visit, we prepared simple activities: reading stories, chatting, and assisting with chores like folding clothes.(我们第一次来访时，准备了一些简单的活动：阅读故事、聊天，以及帮忙做家务，比如折叠衣物)”以及后文“One elderly lady who’d been a rural teacher in her prime shared stories of educating mountain kids; another taught us to knit scarves with old wool. We laughed at her amusing stories and felt warmth at her sincerity. The feared awkwardness never came — instead, a natural bond formed.(一位曾是乡村教师的年长女士，分享了她教山里孩子读书的经历；另一位则教我们用旧羊毛编织围巾。我们听着她风趣的故事而开怀大笑，也感受到她真诚的温暖。那种令人畏惧的尴尬从未出现——取而代之的是，一种自然的亲密感悄然形成)”可知，第二段描述第一次拜访的场景，后文举例两位老人分享经历、教新技能，D选项“多数老人渴望和我们分享生活点滴”引出下文例子，符合逻辑。 28．根据上文“As visits became regular, we explored new ways to lend a hand.(随着访问变得频繁，我们开始探索新的方式来提供帮助)”以及后文“We also brought homemade paper-cuts and small gifts, which lit up their ordinary days. Some classmates even taught elders to use smartphones for video calls — their tearful smiles when seeing loved ones were priceless.(我们还带来了自制的剪纸和小礼物，点亮了他们平凡的日子。一些同学甚至教老人使用智能手机进行视频通话——看到亲人的那一刻，他们流下的泪水令人难以估量)”可知，第三段讲规律拜访后探索新的志愿帮助方式，E选项“我们帮他们收拾了房间，还陪他们在花园里散步。”描述具体帮忙行动，衔接后文“我们也带来剪纸和小礼物”的并列关系，符合逻辑。 29．根据上文“Volunteering didn’t just benefit the elderly — we’d initially thought we were the only givers.(志愿服务不仅惠及了老年人——我们起初还以为自己是唯一给予的人)”以及后文“I grew more confident in communicating across ages and learned to listen attentively. My classmates and I bonded as we cooperated to make visits meaningful, realizing small efforts beat grand gestures.(我变得更加自信地与不同年龄层的人交流，并学会了认真倾听。在合作让探访变得有意义的过程中，我和同学们建立了友谊，体会到小小的付出胜过宏大的举动)”可知，第四段点明志愿活动不只是让老人受益，C选项“它也深深改变了我和同学们”引出下文作者的成长收获，符合逻辑。 30．根据上文“By the end of the semester, we felt a bit of sorrow wrapping up the project.(学期结束时，我们感到在完成项目的过程中有些遗憾)”以及后文“What’s more, we have come to understand that mutual nature of kindness. When we give our time and care, we will gain boundless joy, personal growth, and precious memories that last a lifetime.(此外，我们逐渐认识到善良的相互性。当我们付出时间与关怀时，将会获得无尽的喜悦、个人成长以及终生难忘的珍贵回忆)”可知，第五段是活动结束后的感悟，B选项“我们了解到小小的善举会产生巨大影响”呼应文章标题，衔接后文进一步的感悟，符合逻辑。 Passage 2 （2026·山东·模拟预测）We all play little mind games. We set clocks ahead to avoid being late. 31 Some imagine the worst, just to scare themselves into working harder. Different tricks, same purpose: to push ourselves when our own motivation isn’t enough. These tricks are especially common among people who feel they must be perfect for everyone else. These people think the world expects them to nail everything, to never say “I can’t.” For them, doing something isn’t about the thing itself — it’s about not letting anyone down. So here’s the real question: Are you doing this because you want to, or because you’re afraid of what happens if you don’t? 32 A little trick here and there? No big deal. The trouble starts when you can’t stop. When you care too much about what others think, you reach for these tricks all the time. Over time, they stop being tricks. 33 And they become hard to spot — even in yourself. Think of a kid who keeps playing a sport just to make his parents proud. He might love the game, but that’s not why he’s out there. 34 So he stays. But anger builds. He can’t be mad at his parents, so he aims it at the other team. Beating them becomes his proof that he’s good enough. This anger becomes his fuel. But look closer: he’s not playing to win. He’s playing to survive. 35 But there’s a difference between using one now and then, and building your whole life on them. So it’s worth asking: Do I want to spend my whole life just getting by? A．They become who you are. B．We all need these tricks sometimes. C．For these people, it’s almost always fear. D．Quitting would feel like letting them down. E．They turn into tools you use without thinking. F．Pushing yourself a little harder is never a bad thing. G．Athletes find reasons to get fired up against opponents. 【答案】31．G 32．C 33．A 34．D 35．B 【导语】主要讲述人们常会使用心理小方法督促自己，分析过度依赖这类方式的弊端并引导人们理性看待。 【详解】31．根据前文“We all play little mind games. We set clocks ahead to avoid being late. (我们都会耍些小小的小心思。为了不迟到，我们会把钟表调快。)”以及后文“Some imagine the worst, just to scare themselves into working harder. (有些人会往最坏的方面设想，只为鞭策自己更加努力。)”可知，此处需要列举另一类心理把戏的例子，G选项“Athletes find reasons to get fired up against opponents. (运动员会找理由激起对抗对手的斗志。)”和前后事例并列，举例说明不同的心理小技巧，符合语境。 32．根据前文“So here’s the real question: Are you doing this because you want to, or because you’re afraid of what happens if you don’t? (那么真正的问题来了：你这么做，是出于本心愿意，还是因为害怕不这么做会产生后果？)”可知，空格处针对问题给出答案，C选项“For these people, it’s almost always fear. (对这类人而言，原因几乎都是内心的恐惧。)”承接上文的设问，点明这类人的真实心态，符合语境。 33．根据前文“Over time, they stop being tricks. (久而久之，这些小手段也就习以为常了。)”以及后文“And they become hard to spot — even in yourself. (这些心思也变得难以察觉，就连我们自己都无法发觉。)”可知，此处说明心理把戏慢慢发生转变，成为自身的一部分，A选项“They become who you are. (它们渐渐变成了你本身的一部分。)”承接语义，体现变化过程，符合语境。 34．根据前文“Think of a kid who keeps playing a sport just to make his parents proud. He might love the game, but that’s not why he’s out there. (试想有个孩子坚持参加某项运动，只为让父母感到骄傲。他或许本身也喜欢这项运动，但这并非他坚持下去的原因。)”以及后文“So he stays. (所以他选择继续坚持。)”可知，空格解释孩子不愿放弃的原因，D选项“Quitting would feel like letting them down. (放弃会让他觉得辜负了父母。)”衔接上下文，解释孩子坚持下去的心理，符合语境。 35．根据后文“But there’s a difference between using one now and then, and building your whole life on them. (偶尔借助这些想法行事，和整个人生都依附于此，二者有着天壤之别。)”中的But表转折，可知前文先承认这类心理技巧存在一定价值，B选项“We all need these tricks sometimes. (我们有时都需要用到这些小方法。)”引出下文的辩证分析，符合语境。 Passage 3 （2026·广东汕头·三模）People favor humor, as it lights up daily moments, eases awkwardness and makes every interaction warm and enjoyable. This magic of humor doesn’t just work in daily life; it also shines in the field of science, especially online. 36 Firstly, humor simplifies tough scientific knowledge. 37 For example, explaining AI in self-driving cars with a funny analogy about “machines learning like clumsy toddlers” makes abstract ideas easy for non-professional groups to understand. 38 Scientists sharing clever and humorous stories about laboratory experiments on social media often attract more interactions than dry academic posts. Additionally, humor humanizes scientists, as seen in popular science lectures where light-hearted jokes help audiences feel closer to researchers. 39 The hidden risks deserve our attention. If the content itself is untrue, humor can even replace facts, leading the audience to form wrong opinions about scientific knowledge just based on the amusing posts they see. Overusing sarcasm or negative humor also has the opposite effect, as it will quickly make scientists lose the public’s trust and damage their credibility. Proper humor use requires a balance between vivid expression and professional precision. It should neither overshadow the core scientific information nor be so shallow that it loses seriousness. 40 Scientists who master this balance can effectively narrow the divide with the public, making science more welcoming and popular. A．Overuse harms professionalism. B．It also boosts audience engagement effectively. C．It helps break the impression of scientists being cold and distant. D．A little humor can greatly enhance scientists’ communication effect. E．Humor in scientific communication is a double-edged sword, though. F．It’s a helper in making complex concepts understandable to ordinary people. G．It is believed humor needs to be used with great care in such communication. 【答案】36．D 37．F 38．B 39．E 40．A 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了幽默助力科普，可简化知识、增进互动，但使用不当易误导大众。科普要兼顾趣味与严谨，适度巧用幽默。 【详解】36．前文“This magic of humor doesn’t just work in daily life; it also shines in the field of science, especially online.( 幽默的这种魔力不仅在日常生活中有效，在科学领域（尤其是在网络上）也同样如此。)”引出“幽默在科学领域（尤其是线上）同样闪耀”的核心话题，后文分点阐述幽默在科学传播中的具体好处。本空需要一个承上启下的总起句，概括幽默对科学传播的整体作用。D选项“A little humor can greatly enhance scientists’ communication effect.( 一点幽默就能极大地提升科学家的沟通效果。)”起到承上启下的作用，上下文语意连贯。 37．上文“Firstly, humor simplifies tough scientific knowledge.( 首先，幽默能简化复杂的科学知识。)”本段第一个分论点是“幽默简化艰深的科学知识”，后文“For example, explaining AI in self-driving cars with a funny analogy about “machines learning like clumsy toddlers” makes abstract ideas easy for non-professional groups to understand.( 例如，用一个关于“机器像笨拙的学步儿童一样学习”的有趣类比来解释自动驾驶汽车中的人工智能，能让非专业人士更容易理解抽象的概念。)”用“用笨拙学步儿童类比自动驾驶 AI”的例子支撑。本空是对分论点的同义转述和补充说明，F选项“It’s a helper in making complex concepts understandable to ordinary people.( 它有助于使复杂的概念为普通人所理解。)”中“complex concepts understandable”与“simplifies tough scientific knowledge”完全对应，同时引出下文举例。 38．前文“For example, explaining AI in self-driving cars with a funny analogy about “machines learning like clumsy toddlers” makes abstract ideas easy for non-professional groups to understand.( 例如，用一个关于“机器像笨拙的学步儿童一样学习”的有趣类比来解释自动驾驶汽车中的人工智能，能让非专业人士更容易理解抽象的概念。)”讲完第一个好处，后文“Scientists sharing clever and humorous stories about laboratory experiments on social media often attract more interactions than dry academic posts.( 科学家在社交媒体上分享关于实验室实验的聪明幽默故事，往往比枯燥的学术帖子吸引更多的互动。)”提到“幽默的实验室故事比干巴巴的学术帖子吸引更多互动”，这是幽默的第二个核心好处。B选项“It also boosts audience engagement effectively.( 同时还能有效地提高观众的参与度。)”用 “also”自然过渡，“boosts audience engagement” 与后文“attract more interactions”形成精准对应。 39．前两段全在讲幽默的积极作用，以及下文“The hidden risks deserve our attention.( 隐藏的风险值得我们关注。)”突然转向“隐藏的风险值得关注”。本空需要一个强转折句，完成从 “利”到“弊”的逻辑切换，E选项“Humor in scientific communication is a double-edged sword, though.( 幽默在科学交流中是一把双刃剑。)”中“double-edged sword（双刃剑）” 完美概括了幽默既有好处也有风险的特点。 40．上文“Proper humor use requires a balance between vivid expression and professional precision. It should neither overshadow the core scientific information nor be so shallow that it loses seriousness.( 恰当的幽默运用需要在生动表达和专业精准之间取得平衡。它既不能掩盖核心的科学信息，也不能过于浅显以至于失去严肃性。)”讲的是恰当的幽默需要注意的事项，空处反向说明过度使用幽默带来的不良影响。A选项“Overuse harms professionalism.( 过度使用会损害专业形象。)”起到承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。 Passage 4 （2026·江苏扬州·模拟预测）Three Exceptional Panettones Panettone is a round, fruit-studded Italian sweet bread that’s popular during the holiday season. For years, I wasn’t a fan of this treat. The ones I tried were dry and crumbly, like week-old cake. But then a friend gave me a special panettone that changed everything. 41 It was so light and tender that it melted in my mouth. Making good panettone is extremely difficult. 42 First, the batter requires a complex, multistage proofing process to achieve the perfect texture. Then, the loaves need to bake at just the right temperature to rise properly without collapsing. Even after baking, they must be flipped upside down to cool, hanging like bats until completely set. Not all panettones are created equal. Here are three exceptional varieties that are worth the splurge: Panettone Biasetto, $70 This golden loaf from Belgium-Italian pastry chef Luigi Biasetto has a rich citrus-and-vanilla aroma. Inside, the marigold-bright crumb is studded with candied citrus peel and plump raisins. 43 The extra warmth opens up the flavors and softens any sharpness from the citrus. Acetaia Leonardi Panettone Balsamico with Sour Cherry, $50−60 Made by a balsamic vinegar manufacturer in Emilia-Romagna, this panettone has a unique twist. The buttery interior is swirled with aged balsamic crema, giving it a dense, melty texture. 44 The sourness balances the sweetness perfectly, creating a delightful contrast. Olivieri 1882 Apricot and Salted Caramel Panettone, $95 This family bakery from Veneto has perfected panettone over 142 years. Their apricot and salted caramel version is especially creative. The floral apricot pieces and gentle caramel swirl add extra sweetness and depth.   45 Whether you’re a panettone lover or new to this holiday treat, these three varieties are sure to impress. Each offers a unique take on this classic Italian dessert. A．To fully enjoy it, serve it slightly warmed, perhaps resting on a radiator. B．Its light, airy crumb and delicate sweetness won me over instantly. C．The cooling process requires the loaves to hang upside down like bats. D．The sour cherry version adds a tangy kick that complements the sweet vinegar. E．It is widely considered one of the most challenging bread recipes to master. F．The rich citrus-and-vanilla aroma wafts toward you the moment you unwrap the packaging. G．The salt cuts through the richness, revealing notes of honey and lemon. 【答案】41．B 42．E 43．A 44．D 45．G 【导语】文章主要介绍了三种制作精良、风味独特的意大利圣诞甜面包。 【详解】41．上文“But then a friend gave me a special panettone that changed everything.(但后来一位朋友给了我一块特别的panettone，改变了一切)”说明朋友送的一款特别的panettone改变了作者对它的看法。下文“It was so light and tender that it melted in my mouth.(它又轻又嫩，在我嘴里融化了)”描述口感。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明这款面包带来的具体感受。所以B项“它轻盈蓬松的组织和精致的甜味瞬间赢得了我的心。”符合语境。B项中的“light, airy crumb”与下文“It was so light and tender”相呼应。 42．上文“Making good panettone is extremely difficult.(制作一款优质的panettone极其困难)”说明制作优质的panettone极其困难。空处和前文为递进关系，进一步解释其难度所在。所以E项“它被公认为最难掌握的面包配方之一。”符合语境。E项是对上文“extremely difficult”的同义强化。 43．上文“This golden loaf from Belgium-Italian pastry chef Luigi Biasetto has a rich citrus-and-vanilla aroma. Inside, the marigold-bright crumb is studded with candied citrus peel and plump raisins.(这款来自比利时意大利糕点师路易吉·比亚塞托的金色面包有浓郁的柑橘和香草香气。里面，万寿菊色的松软内芯上点缀着蜜饯柑橘皮和饱满的葡萄干)”描述了Biasetto面包的外观和气味。下文“The extra warmth opens up the flavors and softens any sharpness from the citrus.(额外的温暖打开了味道，软化了柑橘的任何锋利感)”说明额外的温热能够激发风味并软化柑橘的酸涩感。空处承接前文，和后文为因果衔接关系，引出温热食用的方法。所以A项“要充分享用，请稍微加热后食用，或许可以放在暖气片上。”符合语境。A项中的“serve it slightly warmed”与下文“extra warmth”相呼应。 44．上文“The buttery interior is swirled with aged balsamic crema, giving it a dense, melty texture.(黄油般绵润的内里交织着陈年香醋奶油，赋予其浓郁醇厚的融化口感)”介绍了这款面包内部含有陈年香醋奶油旋涡。空处和前文为递进关系，补充说明樱桃口味带来的味觉体验。所以D项“酸樱桃版本增加了一抹酸爽的刺激感，与甜醋相得益彰。”符合语境。D项中的“sour cherry”对应了标题中的产品名称。 45．上文“The floral apricot pieces and gentle caramel swirl add extra sweetness and depth.(杏子的花香气息与柔和的焦糖旋纹增添了额外的甜美与层次感)”描述了杏子和焦糖给面包带来的甜味和层次。空处和前文为递进关系，说明海盐焦糖中盐的作用。所以G项“盐中和了油腻感，带出了蜂蜜和柠檬的风味。”符合语境。G项中的salt对应了标题中的“Salted Caramel”，且“cuts through the richness”与前文“sweetness and depth”形成味觉层次的补充说明。 Passage 5 （2026·湖北黄冈·模拟预测）Robot bees, or mechanical bees, are machines created to do the important work of real bees. 46 Their popularity is growing because natural bee populations are becoming weaker. While robot bees have some benefits, they also come with certain drawbacks. One major benefit of robot bees is that they are more productive than real bees. Farmers who use these machines can increase their crop yields by 20 to 40 percent compared to those who rely on traditional honey bees. Additionally, robot bees are good at gathering and analyzing data about the crops. 47 In this sense, tiny robots could have a big economic impact. Robot bees can also be useful in greenhouses, where they can pollinate (给……授粉) plants without needing to open the space up to the actual wild. 48 This offers robot bees a more promising market as they are safer to use in these closed systems. 49 There’s this whole food web that is maintained through bees pollinating wildflowers. But robotic bees may not pollinate wildflowers like bees do, unless they are clearly programmed to do so. The wildflower communities would start to collapse, which would then affect all our birds and mammals (哺乳动物). The biggest challenge with robot bees is that they lack the flexibility and skill of real bees. Real bees have evolved (进化) over millions of years to handle various weather conditions, quickly find the right flowers, and manage pollen collection with ease. Even the best robotic systems struggle to match these abilities. 50 A．But the noise generated by robot bees can disturb local wildlife. B．Greenhouses are becoming more common as a way to grow food. C．They are used to increase productivity in the agriculture industry. D．Robotic bees are expected to help protect natural bee populations. E．This helps farmers to have more control and make better decisions. F．There is still a long way for robot bees to be fully applied in the field. G．However, robot bees could disturb the given area’s entire ecosystems. 【答案】46．C 47．E 48．B 49．G 50．F 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了机械蜜蜂可助力农业增产、采集作物数据，也适用于温室授粉。但它会破坏生态系统，综合能力远不及天然蜜蜂，目前还难以全面投入应用。 【详解】46．前文“Robot bees, or mechanical bees, are machines created to do the important work of real bees.( 机器人蜜蜂，或称机械蜜蜂，是专为完成真实蜜蜂重要工作而设计的机器。)”提到机器蜜蜂是用来做真正蜜蜂的重要工作的，后文“Their popularity is growing because natural bee populations are becoming weaker.( 随着野生蜂群数量逐渐减少，机器人蜜蜂的受欢迎程度正在上升。)”说它们越来越受欢迎是因为天然蜜蜂数量在减少，C选项“They are used to increase productivity in the agriculture industry.( 它们被用于提高农业产业的生产力。)”既承接了前文机器蜜蜂的用途，又引出下文它们受欢迎的原因，符合语境。 47．前文“Additionally, robot bees are good at gathering and analyzing data about the crops.( 此外，机器人蜜蜂擅长收集和分析有关农作物的数据。)”说机器蜜蜂擅长收集和分析农作物数据，E选项“This helps farmers to have more control and make better decisions.( 这有助于农民更好地控制和做出更好的决策。)”其中“这”指代前文收集和分析数据这件事，符合逻辑。 48．前文“Robot bees can also be useful in greenhouses, where they can pollinate (给……授粉) plants without needing to open the space up to the actual wild.( 机器人蜜蜂在温室中也十分有用，它们可以在不打开温室空间的情况下对植物进行授粉，无需将蜜蜂引入野外。)”提到机器蜜蜂在温室里有用，后文“This offers robot bees a more promising market as they are safer to use in these closed systems.( 这为机器人蜜蜂提供了一个更有前途的市场，因为它们在这些封闭系统中使用更安全。)”说在这些封闭系统中使用它们更安全，B选项“Greenhouses are becoming more common as a way to grow food.( 温室作为一种种植食物的方式正变得越来越普遍。)”解释了为什么温室对机器蜜蜂来说是一个有前景的市场，起到承上启下的作用。 49．后文“There’s this whole food web that is maintained through bees pollinating wildflowers. But robotic bees may not pollinate wildflowers like bees do, unless they are clearly programmed to do so. The wildflower communities would start to collapse, which would then affect all our birds and mammals (哺乳动物).( 有一整套食物网依赖蜜蜂对野花进行授粉来维持。但机器人蜜蜂可能不会像蜜蜂那样为野花传粉，除非它们被明确编程成这样。野花群落将开始崩溃，进而影响我们所有的鸟类和哺乳动物。)”提到通过蜜蜂给野花授粉维持着整个食物网，而机器蜜蜂可能不会像真正的蜜蜂那样给野花授粉，会影响野花群落以及鸟类和哺乳动物，G选项“However, robot bees could disturb the given area’s entire ecosystems.( 然而，机器蜜蜂可能会扰乱特定区域的整个生态系统。)”概括了这一段的主旨，引出下文对机器蜜蜂影响生态系统的阐述。 50．前文“The biggest challenge with robot bees is that they lack the flexibility and skill of real bees. Real bees have evolved (进化) over millions of years to handle various weather conditions, quickly find the right flowers, and manage pollen collection with ease. Even the best robotic systems struggle to match these abilities. ( 机器人蜜蜂面临的最大挑战在于，它们缺乏真正蜜蜂的灵活性和技能。真正的蜜蜂经过数百万年的进化，能够适应各种天气条件，迅速找到合适的花朵，并轻松地完成花粉采集。即便是最先进的机器人系统也难以与这些能力相媲美。)”指出机器蜜蜂缺乏真正蜜蜂的灵活性和技能，真正的蜜蜂经过数百万年进化能应对各种情况，机器蜜蜂难以与之匹敌，F选项“There is still a long way for robot bees to be fully applied in the field.( 机器蜜蜂要在该领域完全应用还有很长的路要走。)”是对前文机器蜜蜂缺点的总结，符合语境。 Passage 6 （2026·湖南邵阳·三模）Have you ever looked up in a thick forest and noticed a natural pattern? The tops of some tall trees do not touch. 51 . This fascinating phenomenon is known as “crown shyness.” Crown shyness has been observed in certain tree species globally, such as some eucalyptus, pine, and oak trees. These “shy” tree crowns maintain a careful distance from their neighbors, creating those unique and striking channels of light. But why would trees do this? Scientists have proposed several theories. 52 . In windy conditions, the swaying branches and twigs of neighboring trees repeatedly collide (碰撞) and rub against each other, causing unavoidable physical damage to the tender growing tips. This damage effectively limits branch growth at the points of frequent contact. Over time, a mutual boundary forms where growth is restricted, resulting in the distinctive gaps. It’s a non-violent, long-term negotiation for space. Another influential theory involves light competition for survival. Trees rely on sunlight for photosynthesis, the key process for making food. 53 . However, this theory alone can’t fully explain why the gaps are so precise and consistent. Some researchers, like ecologist Miguel Franco, suggest it might be a combination of factors: abrasion (磨损) creates the initial gap, and then the trees’ light-sensitive abilities guide further growth away from the shade. This behavior is more than just a curiosity. 54 . More importantly, it allows more sunlight to filter through to the forest floor, supporting a richer undergrowth ecosystem. Crown shyness is a remarkable example of how competition and coexistence shape the natural world. 55 . A．They may minimize shading by avoiding overlap (重叠). B．Instead, they leave narrow, winding gaps against the sky. C．But no one has proved why the trees avoid touching each other. D．The leading explanation is the “mechanical abrasion assumption”. E．One theory is that collision will lead to the death of some branches. F．It can create beauty through invisible rules and silent communication among giants. G．It likely reduces the spread of leaf-eating insects and provides a popular-level benefit. 【答案】51．B 52．D 53．A 54．G 55．F 【导语】介绍了森林中“树冠害羞”这一自然现象，阐述了两种主流成因假说，以及该现象对森林生态系统的作用与自然意义。 【详解】51．根据上文“The tops of some tall trees do not touch.(一些高大树木的树冠互不接触)”可知，空格处承接上文，描述树冠之间留出缝隙的现象。B选项“Instead, they leave narrow, winding gaps against the sky.(相反，它们在天空下留下狭窄蜿蜒的缝隙)符合语境。 52．根据下文“In windy conditions, the swaying branches and twigs of neighboring trees repeatedly collide (碰撞) and rub against each other, causing unavoidable physical damage to the tender growing tips.(在大风天气下，邻近树木摇曳的枝干与细枝会不断相互碰撞、摩擦，从而对娇嫩的新生枝梢造成难以避免的物理损伤)”可知，空格处引出第一种主要假说。D选项“The leading explanation is the “mechanical abrasion assumption”.(主流解释是“机械磨损假说”)” 统领本段，符合语境。 53．根据上文“Trees rely on sunlight for photosynthesis, the key process for making food.(树木依靠阳光进行光合作用，这是制造养分的关键过程)”根据下文“However, this theory alone can’t fully explain why the gaps are so precise and consistent.(然而，单凭这一理论无法充分解释这些间隙为何如此精准且规整一致)”可知，空格处说明“光照竞争”的理论的内容。承上启下。A选项 “They may minimize shading by avoiding overlap.(它们通过避免重叠来减少遮光)” 符合语境。 54．根据上文 “This behavior is more than just a curiosity.(这种现象不只是新奇的自然趣事)” 以及下文 “More importantly, it allows more sunlight to filter through to the forest floor, supporting a richer undergrowth ecosystem.(更重要的是，这能让更多阳光穿透至森林地面，滋养更为丰富的林下生态系统)” 可知，空格处介绍树冠害羞对生态的另一好处。G选项“It likely reduces the spread of leaf‑eating insects and provides a popular‑level benefit.(它可能减少食叶昆虫的传播，带来广泛的生态益处)”符合语境。 55．根据上文“Crown shyness is a remarkable example of how competition and coexistence shape the natural world.(树冠害羞是竞争与共存塑造自然界的绝佳例子)”可知，空格处总结升华，赞美这种自然规则之美。F选项“It can create beauty through invisible rules and silent communication among giants.(它通过无形的法则与大树间无声的交流创造美感)” 收束全文。 Passage 7 （2026·江苏常州·二模）The Power of Negative Capability The poet John Keats coined the term “negative capability” to describe the capacity of being “in uncertainties, mysteries, doubts, without any irritable reaching after fact and reason.” 56 In an era that often equates quick answers with intelligence and decisiveness with strength, deliberately cultivating this comfort with the unresolved can be a surprising source of creativity and resilience. In creative endeavors, this capability is the essential soil from which original work grows. It is the mental state that allows a writer to dwell with a character whose motives are still unclear, a scientist to ponder anomalous data without immediately dismissing it, or an entrepreneur to sit with the ambiguity of an untested market. 57 The pressure to resolve the tension too quickly can collapse the delicate process of discovery. This concept also holds profound value in leadership and collaborative work. A leader possessing a high degree of negative capability can listen to conflicting, incomplete reports from their team without succumbing to the anxiety that demands an immediate, premature synthesis. 58 This creates a psychological safety that allows for the friction of diverse ideas to generate light rather than heat, reducing groupthink and surfacing more innovative solutions. On a personal, emotional level, it builds a crucial form of maturity. Life invariably presents us with stretches that cannot be neatly solved or fully understood — the fog of grief, the anxiety of a career transition, the complexities of a strained relationship. 59   It is the ability to say, “I don’t have the answer yet, and that’s okay,” and to find a way to inhabit that uncomfortable space without being paralyzed by it. How does one develop this muscle? It begins with small practices: observing thoughts without judgment during mindfulness, engaging with art that embraces ambiguity, or simply resisting the reflexive grab for the phone when a moment of boredom arises. 60 It is not passive surrender, but an active, disciplined patience — the strength to abide in the question until a deeper, more authentic answer gradually reveals itself. A．It is a resistance to the premature closure of complex questions. B．This patience allows for a richer, more nuanced picture to emerge before a decision is forced. C．Therefore, seeking immediate clarity should always be our primary goal. D．Negative capability provides a framework for navigating these ambiguous passages without false certainty. E．The modern world offers few opportunities to practice such tolerance. F．Keats contrasted this quality sharply with the relentless pursuit of logical answers. G．The goal is to become more comfortable with the process of not knowing. 【答案】56．F 57．A 58．B 59．D 60．G 【导语】本文介绍济慈提出的消极感受力，阐述其多重价值并说明培养方法，倡导人们坦然接纳未知、摒弃急于求成的心态。 【详解】56．上文“The poet John Keats coined the term “negative capability” to describe the capacity of being “in uncertainties, mysteries, doubts, without any irritable reaching after fact and reason.”(诗人约翰·济慈（John Keats）创造了“消极感受力”（negative capability）一词，用来描述“处于不确定、神秘、怀疑之中，而不急于追求事实和理性”的能力。)”介绍了诗人济慈所创造的词“消极能力”及其定义；下文“In an era that often equates quick answers with intelligence and decisiveness with strength, deliberately cultivating this comfort with the unresolved can be a surprising source of creativity and resilience.(在一个经常把快速回答等同于智慧、果断等同于力量的时代，刻意培养这种对未解决问题的舒适感，可能是创造力和韧性的惊人源泉。)”讲当下时代推崇速成答案与果断心态；F选项“Keats contrasted this quality sharply with the relentless pursuit of logical answers.(济慈将这种品质与对逻辑答案的不懈追求进行了鲜明的对比。)”承接上文，指出济慈将“消极感受力”这种特质与对逻辑答案的无止境追求做对比，完美引出下文“现代社会追捧快速答案”的内容，衔接自然。 57．上文“In creative endeavors, this capability is the essential soil from which original work grows.(在创造性的努力中，这种能力是原创作品生长的必要土壤。)”说明消极感受力是创作的根基，并举例说明消极感受力允许不同领域的创作者包容事物的模糊、面对不确定性；下文“The pressure to resolve the tension too quickly can collapse the delicate process of discovery.(过快解决紧张局势的压力可能会破坏微妙的发现过程。)”提到急于化解未知会打断探索过程，A选项“It is a resistance to the premature closure of complex questions.(它是对复杂问题过早结束的一种抵制。)”承接上文，点明消极感受力这种能力的核心内涵。“resistance to the premature closure”与下文“resolve the tension too quickly”相对应。 58．上文“A leader possessing a high degree of negative capability can listen to conflicting, incomplete reports from their team without succumbing to the anxiety that demands an immediate, premature synthesis. (拥有高度消极能力的领导者可以倾听来自团队的相互矛盾、不完整的报告，而不会屈服于需要立即、过早综合的焦虑。)”提到拥有消极感受力的领导不会急于整合信息、过早下结论；下文“This creates a psychological safety that allows for the friction of diverse ideas to generate light rather than heat, reducing groupthink and surfacing more innovative solutions.(这创造了一种心理安全感，允许不同想法的摩擦产生光而不是热，减少群体思维并呈现更多创新的解决方案。)”说这种做法会带来心理安全、更好的创新方案，B选项“This patience allows for a richer, more nuanced picture to emerge before a decision is forced.(这种耐心可以让你在被迫做出决定之前看到更丰富、更细致的画面。)”承接上文，阐述暂缓决断带来的益处，引出后文“带来心理安全、催生创新方案”的结果。选项中“This patience”指代上文“冷静听取矛盾信息，不急于仓促总结定论”的特质。 59．上文“Life invariably presents us with stretches that cannot be neatly solved or fully understood — the fog of grief, the anxiety of a career transition, the complexities of a strained relationship.(生活总是呈现给我们一些无法轻易解决或完全理解的时期——悲伤的迷雾，职业转变的焦虑，紧张关系的复杂性。)”提到生活中总会出现很多无法理清、解决的不确定处境；D选项“Negative capability provides a framework for navigating these ambiguous passages without false certainty.(消极感受力为我们从容度过这些迷茫阶段、摒弃盲目笃定提供了思路)”衔接上文人生困境，点明消极感受力的情绪价值，引出下文“It is the ability to say, “I don’t have the answer yet, and that’s okay,” and to find a way to inhabit that uncomfortable space without being paralyzed by it.(它是一种说，“我还没有答案，没关系”的能力，并找到一种方法来适应那个不舒服的空间，而不被它麻痹。)”对该能力的解释，衔接自然；选项中的“these ambiguous passages”指代上文提到的各类不确定人生阶段。 60．上文“It begins with small practices: observing thoughts without judgment during mindfulness, engaging with art that embraces ambiguity, or simply resisting the reflexive grab for the phone when a moment of boredom arises.(它始于一些小的练习：在正念期间不加评判地观察思想，参与包含模糊性的艺术，或者只是在无聊的时候抵制条件反射性地抓起手机。)”介绍了培养消极感受力的日常小方法；下文“It is not passive surrender, but an active, disciplined patience-the strength to abide in the question until a deeper, more authentic answer gradually reveals itself.(这不是被动的投降，而是一种主动的、有纪律的耐心——一种坚持问题的力量，直到一个更深刻、更真实的答案逐渐显露出来。)”点明消极感受力的本质：不是被动妥协，而是主动克制的耐心，G选项“The goal is to become more comfortable with the process of not knowing.(我们的目标是让自己更适应不知道的过程。)”承接上文的练习方式，引出后文深层内涵，符合行文逻辑。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 17 / 32 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $