专题03 阅读理解（说明文）（1年汇编）（全国通用02期）2026年中考英语真题分类汇编

**基本信息** 初中英语中考说明文阅读理解汇编，精选2026年多省市真题，素材涵盖科技（AI、3D打印）、环保（南极海冰、沙漠化）、中华非遗（傣医）等，强化跨段整合与辩证推理，适配中考命题趋势。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解（说明文）|每篇3-5题|事实细节（数据对比计算）、词义猜测（专业词汇推断）、主旨归纳（现象成因整合）、推理判断（AI利弊辩证）|多模态图表匹配常态化，跨段信息分散设题，融入中国智造、治沙等本土内容|

专题03 阅读理解（说明文） 考点类别 命题解读 创新考法 / 核心变化 事实细节（核心） 分值最高，考查实验步骤、数据、流程、因果特征，需定位原文提取信息 多模态图表匹配题常态化；信息分散多段落，增设数据对比计算；同义替换增多，极少原文原句设选项 词义 / 指代猜测 依托上下文推断科普生词、熟词生义、代词指代 专业科普词汇增多；代词跨段指代；结合实验数据、现象逻辑推导词义 主旨 & 标题归纳 概括段意、全文核心，判断最佳标题，区分局部细节与中心 弱化表层概括，需整合现象、成因、利弊；侧重提炼中国科技、生态、非遗主题内核 推理判断 推断作者观点、文章出处、后续发展、文本结构 辩证推理增多（AI 利弊、生态治理得失）；新增行文结构树形图匹配；素材融入中国智造、治沙、傣医等本土内容 说明文强化逻辑思维与多模态阅读；选材聚焦科技、环保、中华非遗、跨学科科普；命题从简单定位转向跨段整合、图文转换、辩证推理，突出文化自信与科学素养考查。 （2026·北京·中考真题）While the size of Arctic sea ice has dropped by about 40 percent over 40 years, until recently, the size of the sea ice around Antarctica was slowly increasing. Then, after 2015, Antarctic ice extent (范围) fell from a record high to several record lows, losing an area as large as Greenland. Some research has suggested that higher air temperatures may be the cause. However, two new studies show that ocean warming played a bigger role in this dramatic change. As part of global ocean circulation (全球海洋环流), warm saltwater moves southward from the tropics and circles Antarctica 200 metres below the surface. But temperature and saltiness records of the past 20 years suggest that this warm deep saltwater has been rising towards the surface, where it can melt (融化) sea ice. Antarctica is encircled by a belt of strong winds and storms. Climate change has pushed this storm belt southward, bringing more rain and snow into the sea ice area, according to a study by Earle Wilson and other researchers at Stanford University. The rain and snow create a layer (层) of fresh surface water that better protects the bottom of the sea ice from warm deep saltwater, allowing it to grow to its 2014 record high. But the same southward-moving storm belt also brings stronger winds. These winds blow surface water and ice forward. As this happens, warm deep saltwater rises up to fill the empty space. Between 2014 and 2016, this wind-driven rising began to get the upper hand against the protective layer of increased rain and snow, and sea ice began to melt away. When the researchers input the recorded ocean data (数据) into a computer model, it projected that sea ice would grow and then become smaller, as it did in the real world. The researchers plan to study and model other things, which also likely play roles throughout Antarctica. Examples include changes in sea ice movement and increases in ocean mixing resulting from more storms. By studying the ocean data, they hope to build a model to project changes in Antarctic sea ice in the years to come. 1．Which of the following best shows the Antarctic sea ice changes around 2015? A． B． C． D． 2．In which order are the following events discussed in Paragraph 3? ①Warm deep saltwater rises to the surface. ②A layer of fresh surface water is created. ③Surface water and ice are blown forward. ④More rain and snow are brought into the sea ice area. A．②④①③ B．②④③① C．④②①③ D．④②③① 3．Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A．Where is Antarctic sea ice loss taking us? B．Is this the cause of Antarctic sea ice loss? C．Will a new model explain Antarctic sea ice melting? D．How does fresh surface water protect Antarctic sea ice? （2026·广东·中考真题）Many schools have started projects to make changes to their school grounds in order to make better use of them. The projects have achieved good results. Some schools have reduced heat, some have got more play space, and others have helped create different learning experiences. The most common practice of the schools is planting more trees around the playground. Trees provide cooler spaces in summer. They also bring birds and insects. Students, therefore, would like to go to the playground more often. And they become more connected to nature. Some schools even set up reading areas under these trees. Students can listen to birds singing while reading there. ▲ For example, they turn some of the school grounds into vegetable fields or fruit gardens. The students work in teams and learn how to grow vegetables or fruits. In this way, they get hands-on learning experience. At harvest (收获) time, they share what they get from the fields and gardens, and they also harvest the joy of labor and cooperation. These reshaping projects make school grounds more popular with students. The reason behind the success is that students are included. After all, they are the users of the grounds. In many cases, designers first survey the students for their ideas. Then they draw up several designs for the students to vote on. When the project is completed, the students are invited to feed back on it so that it can be further improved in the future. 1．What is Paragraph 1 mainly about? A．The results of the projects. B．The importance of learning. C．The benefits of play space. D．The history of some schools. 2．What happens with more trees around the playground according to Paragraph 2? A．Students grow more fruits. B．The school turns cleaner. C．Students get closer to nature. D．The school raises more money. 3．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 3? A．Some schools refuse to change. B．The changes make schools bigger. C．The changes make teachers happier. D．Some schools explore other possibilities. 4．Why are the projects successful? A．Schools have strict rules. B．Students’ opinions are valued. C．Parents’ support is provided. D．Teachers give clear instructions. 5．What do the underlined words “feed back on” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Say goodbye to. B．Give advice on. C．Look down upon. D．Keep away from. （2026·广西·中考真题） Researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have estimated (估计) that the world may need about 1 billion new homes by 2050. According to a researcher from MIT, if people use wood to make so many homes, more than three times the size of the Amazon rainforest may be cut. The MIT researchers tried to find other materials to take the place of wood to make house parts. And they found recycled plastic could play a role. The MIT team discovered that recycled plastic mixed with bits of glass could be used as a new material to make trusses (桁架)—supports put under floors to make sure that the floors can carry the weight of everything on them. The MIT team wanted to know how much weight the trusses could carry. In a test, they 3D printed four trusses with the new material. Each truss weighed only about 6 kg—lighter than a comparable wooden truss. The team put the four trusses under a wooden floor model and slowly added heavy weights on the floor. Through the test, the team found the four trusses could sustain objects weighing more than 1,800 kg—about the weight of a car. This showed trusses made from the new material were strong enough to be used in house building in America. The finding may benefit house building a lot. It will be much easier to send house parts made from this new material to different places. What’s more, the researchers say it is possible to bring down the cost of making house parts. The researchers hope that one day they can 3D print more house parts with the new material, so that more used plastic could be turned into something useful. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 1．How many new homes may the world need by 2050 according to the MIT researchers? A．About 1 billion. B．About 2 billion. C．About 3 billion. 2．What is the new material made from? A．Recycled plastic and glass. B．Recycled plastic and wood. C．Recycled plastic and stone. 3．What does the underlined word “sustain” probably mean in Paragraph 3? A．Increase. B．Avoid. C．Hold. 4．What can we learn about the 3D-printed trusses in the test? A．They were big enough to support house floors. B．They were strong enough for house building. C．They were small enough to be put in a car. 5．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．3D Printing Solves Housing Problems B．Recycled Plastic Finds New Life in Houses C．Recycling Plastic Reduces Environmental Pollution （2026·河北·中考真题）Scientists have studied animals’ feelings for hundreds of years. However, the past research mainly focused on animals’ negative feelings, such as expressions of pain and fear. This can help reduce animals’ suffering, but it doesn’t tell what brings them happiness. Now some scientists are working together to better understand animals’ joy. They are trying to measure (测量) joy in animals in a new study. The scientists define (下定义) joy as a strong positive feeling which is caused by an event, such as seeing a friend or a favorite food. They have created a set of ways to measure the feeling in different animals. The scientists want to make sure that the final result is not from just guessing animals’ mind, but from scientific research. Some signs of joy are connected with actions. For example, some scientists have noticed that chimpanzees (黑猩猩) make laugh-like sounds while they are playing. Other scientists have noticed that dolphins (海豚) produce joyful sounds when happy things happen to them. However, actions do not tell the whole story. Horses seem to be happily playing, but they may actually have the opposite feeling: they are downcast. So the scientists are also examining animals’ brain chemistry and studying their body temperature changes to help tell if the animals are truly happy. Learning about joy in animals can improve the care of animals. And the new study about animals’ happiness can also help better understand humans’ happiness. 1．What does the new study about animals focus on? A．Their fear. B．Their happiness. C．Their food. D．Their friendship. 2．Why are chimpanzees and dolphins mentioned in paragraph 3? A．To record the challenge of studying animals. B．To explain the ways of making happy sounds. C．To show the connection between joy and actions. D．To tell the differences between two kinds of animals. 3．What does the underlined word “downcast” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Sad. B．Calm. C．Moved. D．Surprised. 4．What does the writer think of the new study? A．It makes people get close to nature. B．It improves animals’ daily behavior. C．It encourages people to keep animals. D．It benefits both animals and humans. （2026·河北·中考真题）A Chinese robot became the unexpected star in an international kite festival. At the beginning of the festival, the robot held the string (线) of a kite flying in the sky and made up-and-down movements. The show lasted for 20 minutes and drew crowds of visitors to take photos. The robot in the international festival is a good example of human-like robots. In recent years, human-like running robots have greatly improved and surprised the world. This year, a robot from a Chinese company broke the men’s record for the half-marathon (半程马拉松). In another event, a robot, also from a Chinese company, came close to the men’s 100-meter world record. Robots are not just for flying a kite or running in competitions. They are also helping on farms. Picking tomatoes is tiring work for humans. Now farming robots can help with it. The robots first get information about the tomatoes on their own. The information is about whether the tomatoes are ripe (成熟的) or not and whether there is any tomato hidden behind leaves. With the information, the robots can work out the most effective way to pick the fruit. When picking tomatoes, the robots must choose ripe tomatoes and leave unripe ones untouched. There are many reasons for the rapid improvement of robots in recent years. The cost of building robots has fallen a lot. New computer chips allow machines to perform better. With the development of technology, robots are playing an increasingly important role in everyday life. 1．What did the robot do in the international kite festival? A．It made kites. B．It flew a kite. C．It hosted a kite show. D．It took photos of kites. 2．What did the two human-like running robots have in common? A．Coming from Chinese companies. B．Breaking the men’s running records. C．Taking part in an international festival. D．Winning first place in the half-marathon. 3．What is the first step for the robots to pick tomatoes? A．Finding hidden leaves. B．Learning farming methods. C．Collecting information. D．Taking away fallen tomatoes. 4．What does the text mainly talk about? A．The future of robot industry. B．An international kite festival. C．The rapid development of robots. D．A race between robots and humans. （2026·四川成都·中考真题）Scientists tell how healthy rainforests are by listening to the sounds of their wildlife. A healthy forest is alive with animal calls and birdsong but an unhealthy forest is much quieter. However, that is a big job. Researchers can make thousands of hours of recordings but then someone has to listen to them all and pick out the different animal and bird calls. What if that someone is an AI though? Scientists are using AI technology to help with the task. Through the new Forest Listeners web experiment, scientists want people around the world—including you—to help too. The site gets you to move around a virtual (虚拟的) forest, listening for wildlife. When you find a new species (物种), you listen to its song until you can remember it. The next step is to listen to real forest recordings (there are more than 1.2 million of them), and decide for each one whether you can tell that animal call or not, or if you’re not sure. The answers people give are then used to train AI to tell what animals they are by their sounds. Scientists say that the project helps them process a huge number of recordings. Without AI, it would take many years to study them all. “Every sound tagged (贴标签) by a forest listener helps train our AI models,” the scientists said. “This group effort provides us with valuable information, allowing us to find out small changes in species’ presence and behavior. These are important signs for a healthy forest.” 1．What is a healthy rainforest according to the text? A．A quiet forest. B．A forest with new species. C．A forest full of wildlife sounds. 2．What does the underlined word “that” refer to in Paragraph 1? A．Recording wildlife sounds. B．Comparing different animal calls. C．Checking forest health by listening. 3．What is the right order of the experiment? a. Give information to train AI. b. Listen for wildlife in a virtual forest. c. Listen to real forests and tag each sound. A．a-b-c B．b-c-a C．c-a-b 4．How does AI help the scientists? A．By dealing with recordings quickly. B．By remembering new species’ sounds. C．By inviting more people to care for forests. 5．What is the main idea of the text? A．Forests are in danger now. B．Helping forests is helping humans. C．Humans together with AI protect forests. （2026·重庆·中考真题）“I could only see large letters within 20 cm. After the doctor’s treatment, I could see them from 270 cm away.” said an elderly man who suffered from eye problems. The magic, from the deep rainforest of Yunnan, is called Dai Medicine. It is the survival wisdom of the Dai people which has a history of around 2,500 years. It has its own understanding of how the body works. Dai Medicine includes many special treatments. The heated herbal bed therapy (睡药疗法) is a famous one. In this treatment, the doctor spreads warm herbs over a bed and makes the patient lie on it. Then he places more herbs over the patient. Finally, he covers the patient with a quilt (被子) to keep the temperature. In 2011, the therapy was included in China’s Intangible Cultural Heritage. Another well-known treatment is the herbal pouch therapy (敷药疗法). The doctor heats a cloth bag filled with herbs, puts it on the affected area (患处) and then moves it backwards and forwards. At present, about 11 therapies are widely used in practice. Dao Huixian, a Dai doctor, said, “In our general hospital, for critical illnesses, we mainly depend on modern medicine. But for chronic (慢性的) diseases, the strengths of Dai Medicine offer greater advantages.” Since Yunnan is close to Southeast Asia, Dai Medicine is not only a way of treating diseases, but also an important bridge for medical and cultural communication with neighboring countries. In the future, this ancient wisdom may help more people around the world! 1．How long is the history of Dai Medicine? A．Around 2,000 years. B．Around 2,100 years. C．Around 2,500 years. D．Around 3,000 years. 2．What is the right order of the heated herbal bed therapy? a. cover the patient with a quilt b. spread warm herbs over a bed c. ask the patient to lie on the bed d. place more herbs over the patient A．b-c-d-a B．c-a-b-d C．c-a-d-b D．b-a-d-c 3．Which sentence uses “critical” with the same meaning as the underlined word? critical /ˈkrɪtɪkl/ adj. ① 危急的    ② 挑剔的    ③ 有判断力的    ④ 至关重要的 A．Emily, don’t be so critical of others’ mistakes. B．Students are encouraged to develop critical thinking. C．Your decisions and choices are critical to your future. D．The man is in a critical condition because of the cancer. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．A Visit to Dai Villages B．The Future of Dai Culture C．A Look into Dai Medicine D．The History of Dai Medicine （2026·重庆·中考真题）By 2030, the world’s data (数据) centers are expected to use more than double the electricity they use today. AI is the main driver. It forces countries to look for new ways to solve the big problem. China is leading the way by putting data centers under the sea as a greener solution. In December 2022, Hainan became home to China’s first underwater data center. This was followed by a more advanced (先进的) project in Shanghai in 2025. AI servers give off heat while working, making the temperature rise. If the heat isn’t taken away in time, the servers won’t run well or even break down. On-land data centers have to use up to 40% of their electricity just for cooling AI servers. Underwater data centers, like the one in Shanghai, use pipes to pump (输送) seawater. Seawater goes through the radiators on the back of the servers. It takes in heat and carries it away. The sea temperature is about 15℃, perfect for natural cooling. In this way, the electricity is saved. An assessment (评估) from the China Academy of Information and Communications Technology shows the underwater data center uses at least 30% less electricity than on-land data centers thanks to natural cooling. Underwater data centers can also reduce land usage by 80%. And the one in Shanghai offers another benefit: it will get more than 95% of its electricity from a kind of renewable energy—wind energy. And the use of tidal (潮汐) and wave energy is also taken into consideration. China’s efforts in developing underwater data centers show its promise to create low-carbon digital infrastructure (低碳数字基础设施). The act not only helps reduce the environmental influence of AI, but also could set a new standard for sustainable computing (可持续算力) worldwide. 1．What is the main reason for China to develop underwater data centers? A．To provide more electricity for AI servers directly. B．To reduce the cost of building on-land data centers. C．To solve the problem of high energy use caused by AI. D．To increase the speed of internet connections worldwide. 2．How does an underwater data center cool AI servers? A．It uses seawater to cool AI servers naturally. B．It uses air conditioners for cooling AI servers. C．It depends on wind energy to power its cooling. D．It is connected with tidal and wave energy for cooling. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to paragraph 4 and paragraph 5? A． B． C． D． 4．What would you do next if you were the developer of China’s underwater data centers according to the passage? A．Close all the on-land data centers to save electricity in the near future. B．Focus on developing on-land data centers instead of underwater data centers. C．Cut down the cost of research and development since the projects are successful. D．Explore the use of tidal and wave energy to further improve sustainable computing. （2026·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·中考真题）Do you know the book The Storied Life of A．J. Fikry? The wonderful book, written by Gabrielle Zevin, takes you on a fantastic journey through the ups and downs of a man named A．J. Fikry. It’s a book about love, family, and how amazing books can be. The story happens in a small town called Alice Island. There Fikry runs a bookstore called Island Books. At first, he got angry quite often, was not good with people and liked being alone. But everything changed when he found a strange package (包裹) in his store. As you read, you get to experience Fikry’s life, filled with funny times and a bit of sadness as he deals with unexpected changes. What makes the book great is how it mixes funny things with deep thinking. Fikry, who started to be alone, changed a lot during the story. People like Amelia and Maya came into his life, making things more interesting and helping Fikry to become a better person. The Island Books bookstore is a wonderful place for book lovers. Zevin, the writer, uses the bookstore to show how amazing books are and how they can bring people together. Each part of the book even begins with a suggestion for a short story, adding a special touch to the whole story. Generally, The Storied Life of A．J. Fikry is a book that touches your heart. If you enjoy stories that make you feel warm inside and think about life, this book is a must-read. 根据语篇内容选择最佳答案。 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By setting an example. B．By asking a question. C．By comparing with another book. 2．Why did Fikry change a lot later? A．Because he met some people in his life. B．Because he found a package in his store. C．Because he shared his sadness with his parents. 3．What feelings can you experience when reading the book? A．Warmth and love. B．Anger and loneliness. C．Pain and sadness. 4．What’s the passage mainly about? A．A story of a book seller. B．A bookstore named Island Books. C．An introduction of a wonderful book. 5．How is the passage organized? A． B． C． （2026·湖南·中考真题）①AI is used to help solve problems in many fields now. Here’s how it helps save energy, protect animals, and reduce pollution. ②In many office buildings, people sometimes forget to turn off the lights or the air conditioners (空调). As a result, a lot of electricity is wasted. Thanks to AI, the problem can be solved. It learns what the temperature is and how many people are inside the buildings. Then it makes thousands of small changes to save electricity every day. No single change is big, but all of them together can make a big difference. ③Another problem is about hunting wild animals. You can’t imagine how many kinds of wild animals around the world are in danger now. Luckily, AI can collect all the data (数据) to learn from the past hunting events. Then it can guess where the hunters will go next. It was once used in a certain area, and the number of hunting events dropped from 19 a month to zero. ④How can AI help reduce pollution? To clean up plastic waste from the ocean, you first need to know where it is. However, it’s difficult because the ocean is too wide. But with satellites (人造卫星), AI can quickly make a map to show where the plastic is. This helps clean up the ocean much more efficiently, because the ships can be sent to the right places to collect the plastic waste quickly. ⑤However, none of these benefits come for free. Training AI also uses a lot of energy. So we should make wise choices. 1．What energy can AI help save in the office buildings? A．Gas. B．Water. C．Electricity. 2．Which paragraph talks about how AI helps protect wild animals? A．Paragraph 2. B．Paragraph 3. C．Paragraph 4. 3．Which words are closest in meaning to “efficiently” in Paragraph 4? A．Easily and quickly. B．Quietly and simply. C．Safely and cheaply. 4．What is the writer’s opinion about using AI? A．Old habits die hard. B．Practice makes perfect. C．Every coin has two sides. （2026·吉林·中考真题）①We use soap (肥皂) to keep clean. Usually, we buy it at a store. In fact, you can make your own soap at home. Here is one way to make it. ②In preparation for making soap, you need oil, lye (碱液) and water. When you prepare them, choose things that are not only healthy for your skin but also good for the environment. If you want to make the soap smell good and look colorful, you can also choose some scent and natural colors. ③You can make soap according to the following steps. First, wear a pair of gloves to stay safe. Next, mix lye with water. Once the lye is mixed, let it cool. After that, mix the oil into the cooled lye water. Then, add some scent or natural colors. Finally, pour the mixture (混合物) into a soap mold (模具). It takes a few days to make the soap become hard. ④You can get a feeling of satisfaction and achievement when you use your homemade soap. Have a try, and you will fall in love with the DIY soap. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．To make soap, you need to prepare ________, lye and water. A．tea B．coffee C．oil D．milk 2．What does the underlined word “scent” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Something that looks beautiful. B．Something that sounds great. C．Something that tastes delicious. D．Something that smells good. 3．Why do you wear a pair of gloves when making soap? A．To keep warm. B．To stay safe. C．To stay active. D．To keep wet. 4．How long does it take to make your soap become hard? A．A few minutes. B．A few hours. C．A few days. D．A few weeks. 5．Which is the right structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． （2026·陕西·中考真题）Do you like reading? Do you often read English stories, poems, short stories or any other books? As we all know, reading plays a very important role in English learning. It will help build your vocabulary, develop your sense of the English language, and open your mind. However, not all books are proper for you. If you are a beginner who learns English, here are some general rules to choose a book. You should look for books for learners of English. To start with, look for beginning level books: Level 1 or Stage 1. Later, when your English becomes better, you can move on to a higher level. Ask your teacher where to find the books for your level. There may be some in the school or classroom library. You may also find books for learners in bookstores or public libraries. Then, choose a book that interests you. Your teacher and friends may have good ideas. The important thing is to choose a book that you want to read. At the end of this unit, there is a list of books. Before you choose a book, find out if it is proper for you. Follow these steps to preview (预览) it: ● Read the title, back cover and first few pages. What is the book about? Is it interesting? ● Look at the first few pages again. How many words are new for you? > No new words. This book may be too easy for you. > 1~5 new words on each page. This book is the right level for you. > 6 or more new words on each page. This book may be too difficult for you. Note: You may choose from these books, or you may choose different books. 1．How many advantages of reading English books are mentioned in Paragraph 1? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 2．Which paragraph or paragraphs tell(s) us the general rules to choose a book? A．Paragraph 2. B．Paragraphs 2 and 3. C．Paragraph 4. D．Paragraph 4 and the note. 3．According to the passage, the book with ________ new words on each page is proper for Liu Han, an English beginner. A．without any new words B．with 3 or 4 new words C．with 6 new words D．with more than 6 new words 4．Where is the passage probably taken from? A．A novel. B．A poem collection. C．A textbook. D．A story book. （2026·云南·中考真题）Desertification (荒漠化) is a difficult problem for the whole world. For many years, Chinese scientists have had rich experience in dealing with desertification in Northwest China. Now they are working to help African countries turn their sandy areas into green ones. China has made great progress through hard work, though it is seriously influenced by desertification. Until November 2024, China built a long wall of trees, which caught the world’s attention. It is 3,046 km long! And China has created 32 million hectares (公顷) of new forest. Chinese scientists shared the technologies with Mauritania, an African country. They introduced different kinds of plants from China and used straw checkerboards to stop sand from moving. They developed new ways to save water for farming. Smart technologies such as robots, drones and sand-blocking systems (阻沙系统) driven by solar panels also helped a lot. The China-Africa Green Technology Park was built in Mauritania. In 2024, the park was an empty land swept by wind and sand. Just one year later, there were grasses, fruits and vegetables. Wang Yongdong, a senior engineer from China, said, “The goal of the park is not only to protect the environment but also to help local people.” So far, China has trained 45 skilled workers and created 120 jobs for the local community. The Mauritanian environment minister (部长) described China as a “very important partner”. To help African countries, Chinese scientists have overcome many difficulties. As a key member fighting against desertification in the world, China promises to keep working and make bigger efforts. Wang said, “We are a community with a shared future. We hope our efforts will show this spirit.” 1．What’s the main idea of paragraph 2? A．The ways of planting trees in China. B．The problems of desertification in China. C．The reason why China helps African countries. D．The progress China has made in fighting against desertification. 2．How did Chinese scientists help Mauritania according to paragraph 3? a. By introducing different kinds of plants.   b. By using straw checkerboards. c. By developing a wind power system.   d. By using robots and drones. A．a, b, c B．a, b, d C．b, c, d D．a, c, d 3．Why was the China-Africa Green Technology Park built? A．To train skilled workers for China. B．To build a robot factory for the local community. C．To protect the environment and help local people. D．To teach more local people how to make solar panels. 4．Where is the text probably from? A．A science magazine. B．A health guide. C．An English dictionary. D．A travel diary. 5．What will China probably do for African countries in the future according to paragraph 5? A．Build some schools for them. B．Help them with space development. C．Offer free fruits and vegetables to them. D．Continue to help them fight against desertification. 试卷第1页，共3页 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 阅读理解（说明文） 答案版 （2026·北京·中考真题） 1．A 2．D 3．B （2026·广东·中考真题） 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．B （2026·广西·中考真题） 1．A 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．B （2026·河北·中考真题） 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D （2026·河北·中考真题） 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C （2026·四川成都·中考真题） 1．C 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．C （2026·重庆·中考真题） 1．C 2．A 3．D 4．C （2026·重庆·中考真题） 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D （2026·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·中考真题） 1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．C （2026·湖南·中考真题） 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C （2026·吉林·中考真题） 1．C 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．A （2026·陕西·中考真题） 1．C 2．B 3．B 4．C （2026·云南·中考真题） 1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 试卷第1页，共3页 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 阅读理解（说明文） 考点类别 命题解读 创新考法 / 核心变化 事实细节（核心） 分值最高，考查实验步骤、数据、流程、因果特征，需定位原文提取信息 多模态图表匹配题常态化；信息分散多段落，增设数据对比计算；同义替换增多，极少原文原句设选项 词义 / 指代猜测 依托上下文推断科普生词、熟词生义、代词指代 专业科普词汇增多；代词跨段指代；结合实验数据、现象逻辑推导词义 主旨 & 标题归纳 概括段意、全文核心，判断最佳标题，区分局部细节与中心 弱化表层概括，需整合现象、成因、利弊；侧重提炼中国科技、生态、非遗主题内核 推理判断 推断作者观点、文章出处、后续发展、文本结构 辩证推理增多（AI 利弊、生态治理得失）；新增行文结构树形图匹配；素材融入中国智造、治沙、傣医等本土内容 说明文强化逻辑思维与多模态阅读；选材聚焦科技、环保、中华非遗、跨学科科普；命题从简单定位转向跨段整合、图文转换、辩证推理，突出文化自信与科学素养考查。 （2026·北京·中考真题）While the size of Arctic sea ice has dropped by about 40 percent over 40 years, until recently, the size of the sea ice around Antarctica was slowly increasing. Then, after 2015, Antarctic ice extent (范围) fell from a record high to several record lows, losing an area as large as Greenland. Some research has suggested that higher air temperatures may be the cause. However, two new studies show that ocean warming played a bigger role in this dramatic change. As part of global ocean circulation (全球海洋环流), warm saltwater moves southward from the tropics and circles Antarctica 200 metres below the surface. But temperature and saltiness records of the past 20 years suggest that this warm deep saltwater has been rising towards the surface, where it can melt (融化) sea ice. Antarctica is encircled by a belt of strong winds and storms. Climate change has pushed this storm belt southward, bringing more rain and snow into the sea ice area, according to a study by Earle Wilson and other researchers at Stanford University. The rain and snow create a layer (层) of fresh surface water that better protects the bottom of the sea ice from warm deep saltwater, allowing it to grow to its 2014 record high. But the same southward-moving storm belt also brings stronger winds. These winds blow surface water and ice forward. As this happens, warm deep saltwater rises up to fill the empty space. Between 2014 and 2016, this wind-driven rising began to get the upper hand against the protective layer of increased rain and snow, and sea ice began to melt away. When the researchers input the recorded ocean data (数据) into a computer model, it projected that sea ice would grow and then become smaller, as it did in the real world. The researchers plan to study and model other things, which also likely play roles throughout Antarctica. Examples include changes in sea ice movement and increases in ocean mixing resulting from more storms. By studying the ocean data, they hope to build a model to project changes in Antarctic sea ice in the years to come. 1．Which of the following best shows the Antarctic sea ice changes around 2015? A． B． C． D． 2．In which order are the following events discussed in Paragraph 3? ①Warm deep saltwater rises to the surface. ②A layer of fresh surface water is created. ③Surface water and ice are blown forward. ④More rain and snow are brought into the sea ice area. A．②④①③ B．②④③① C．④②①③ D．④②③① 3．Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A．Where is Antarctic sea ice loss taking us? B．Is this the cause of Antarctic sea ice loss? C．Will a new model explain Antarctic sea ice melting? D．How does fresh surface water protect Antarctic sea ice? 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了南极海冰在2015年前后从增加转为急剧减少的现象，并探讨了其可能的原因，包括海洋变暖和风暴带南移的影响。 【详解】 1．根据第一段“until recently, the size of sea ice around Antarctica was slowly increasing. Then, after 2015, Antarctic ice extent fell from a record high to several record lows”可知，南极海冰在2015年前缓慢增加，之后急剧下降，因此图表应呈现先升后降的趋势，对应A选项。 2．根据第三段“bringing more rain and snow into the sea ice area... The rain and snow create a layer (层) of fresh surface water... These winds blow surface water and ice forward... warm deep saltwater rises up to fill the empty space”可知，首先风暴带南移带来更多雨雪（④），雨雪形成淡水层（②），随后更强风吹走表面水和冰（③），最后暖咸水上升填补空间（①），故顺序为④②③①，对应D选项。 3．全文围绕南极海冰损失的原因展开，从空气温度到海洋变暖，再到风暴带作用，最后提到建模研究，均是在探究原因，因此B选项“这是南极海冰损失的原因吗？”最符合文章主旨，适合作为本文标题。 （2026·广东·中考真题）Many schools have started projects to make changes to their school grounds in order to make better use of them. The projects have achieved good results. Some schools have reduced heat, some have got more play space, and others have helped create different learning experiences. The most common practice of the schools is planting more trees around the playground. Trees provide cooler spaces in summer. They also bring birds and insects. Students, therefore, would like to go to the playground more often. And they become more connected to nature. Some schools even set up reading areas under these trees. Students can listen to birds singing while reading there. ▲ For example, they turn some of the school grounds into vegetable fields or fruit gardens. The students work in teams and learn how to grow vegetables or fruits. In this way, they get hands-on learning experience. At harvest (收获) time, they share what they get from the fields and gardens, and they also harvest the joy of labor and cooperation. These reshaping projects make school grounds more popular with students. The reason behind the success is that students are included. After all, they are the users of the grounds. In many cases, designers first survey the students for their ideas. Then they draw up several designs for the students to vote on. When the project is completed, the students are invited to feed back on it so that it can be further improved in the future. 1．What is Paragraph 1 mainly about? A．The results of the projects. B．The importance of learning. C．The benefits of play space. D．The history of some schools. 2．What happens with more trees around the playground according to Paragraph 2? A．Students grow more fruits. B．The school turns cleaner. C．Students get closer to nature. D．The school raises more money. 3．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 3? A．Some schools refuse to change. B．The changes make schools bigger. C．The changes make teachers happier. D．Some schools explore other possibilities. 4．Why are the projects successful? A．Schools have strict rules. B．Students’ opinions are valued. C．Parents’ support is provided. D．Teachers give clear instructions. 5．What do the underlined words “feed back on” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Say goodbye to. B．Give advice on. C．Look down upon. D．Keep away from. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了许多学校为了更有效地利用校园场地而进行的改造项目。文章列举了种植树木、开辟菜园等具体措施，并指出这些项目成功的关键在于让学生参与其中，尊重他们的意见和反馈。 【详解】 1．第一段主要讲述了学校改造项目的成果：“The projects have achieved good results. Some schools have reduced heat, some have got more play space, and others have helped create different learning experiences.”。因此，该段主要讲的是项目的结果（The results of the projects）。 2．第二段明确指出：“And they become more connected to nature.”，说明操场周围种更多树后，学生与自然更加亲近了。A项是第三段的内容；B、D项文中未提及。 3．第三段开头需要一个过渡句，引出下文关于将校园变成菜地或果园的例子。A项“拒绝改变”与文意相反；B项“使学校变大”文中未提及；C项“让老师更开心”非重点；D项“Some schools explore other possibilities.”（一些学校探索其他可能性）最能承上启下，因为前一段讲的是种树，这一段讲的是种菜/果，属于另一种可能性的探索。 4．最后一段明确指出：“The reason behind the success is that students are included. ... designers first survey the students for their ideas. Then they draw up several designs for the students to vote on.”，说明项目成功的原因是学生的意见受到了重视（Students’ opinions are valued）。 5．最后一段末尾提到：“...students are invited to feed back on it so that it can be further improved in the future.”，目的是让项目在未来得到进一步改进，因此“feed back on”意为“提出建议/反馈”，即Give advice on。 （2026·广西·中考真题） Researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have estimated (估计) that the world may need about 1 billion new homes by 2050. According to a researcher from MIT, if people use wood to make so many homes, more than three times the size of the Amazon rainforest may be cut. The MIT researchers tried to find other materials to take the place of wood to make house parts. And they found recycled plastic could play a role. The MIT team discovered that recycled plastic mixed with bits of glass could be used as a new material to make trusses (桁架)—supports put under floors to make sure that the floors can carry the weight of everything on them. The MIT team wanted to know how much weight the trusses could carry. In a test, they 3D printed four trusses with the new material. Each truss weighed only about 6 kg—lighter than a comparable wooden truss. The team put the four trusses under a wooden floor model and slowly added heavy weights on the floor. Through the test, the team found the four trusses could sustain objects weighing more than 1,800 kg—about the weight of a car. This showed trusses made from the new material were strong enough to be used in house building in America. The finding may benefit house building a lot. It will be much easier to send house parts made from this new material to different places. What’s more, the researchers say it is possible to bring down the cost of making house parts. The researchers hope that one day they can 3D print more house parts with the new material, so that more used plastic could be turned into something useful. 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 1．How many new homes may the world need by 2050 according to the MIT researchers? A．About 1 billion. B．About 2 billion. C．About 3 billion. 2．What is the new material made from? A．Recycled plastic and glass. B．Recycled plastic and wood. C．Recycled plastic and stone. 3．What does the underlined word “sustain” probably mean in Paragraph 3? A．Increase. B．Avoid. C．Hold. 4．What can we learn about the 3D-printed trusses in the test? A．They were big enough to support house floors. B．They were strong enough for house building. C．They were small enough to be put in a car. 5．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．3D Printing Solves Housing Problems B．Recycled Plastic Finds New Life in Houses C．Recycling Plastic Reduces Environmental Pollution 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述麻省理工学院研究人员预估2050年全球需大量新建住房，若大量使用木材会破坏雨林，团队研发出回收塑料混合玻璃的新型材料3D打印建筑桁架，测试证实其承重达标，该材料还具备运输、成本优势，可回收废旧塑料用于建房。 【详解】 1．第一段首句“Researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have estimated that the world may need about 1 billion new homes by 2050.”，直接说明到2050年全球大约需要10亿套新建住房。 2．第二段“The MIT team discovered that recycled plastic mixed with bits of glass could be used as a new material to make trusses”，表明新材料由回收塑料和玻璃碎料混合制成。 3．第三段实验描述：团队在地板模型上不断加重物，桁架能够sustain超1800千克的物体，结合后文证明桁架承重合格，该词意为“支撑、承受”，与hold同义。 4．第三段末句“This showed trusses made from the new material were strong enough to be used in house building in America.”，说明3D打印桁架强度足以用于房屋建造，文中未提及尺寸大小、可放进汽车相关内容。 5．全文核心围绕回收塑料搭配玻璃制作建房材料展开，A夸大3D打印作用，C只侧重环保污染未体现建房核心，“Recycled Plastic Finds New Life in Houses”精准概括文章主线，为最佳标题。 （2026·河北·中考真题）Scientists have studied animals’ feelings for hundreds of years. However, the past research mainly focused on animals’ negative feelings, such as expressions of pain and fear. This can help reduce animals’ suffering, but it doesn’t tell what brings them happiness. Now some scientists are working together to better understand animals’ joy. They are trying to measure (测量) joy in animals in a new study. The scientists define (下定义) joy as a strong positive feeling which is caused by an event, such as seeing a friend or a favorite food. They have created a set of ways to measure the feeling in different animals. The scientists want to make sure that the final result is not from just guessing animals’ mind, but from scientific research. Some signs of joy are connected with actions. For example, some scientists have noticed that chimpanzees (黑猩猩) make laugh-like sounds while they are playing. Other scientists have noticed that dolphins (海豚) produce joyful sounds when happy things happen to them. However, actions do not tell the whole story. Horses seem to be happily playing, but they may actually have the opposite feeling: they are downcast. So the scientists are also examining animals’ brain chemistry and studying their body temperature changes to help tell if the animals are truly happy. Learning about joy in animals can improve the care of animals. And the new study about animals’ happiness can also help better understand humans’ happiness. 1．What does the new study about animals focus on? A．Their fear. B．Their happiness. C．Their food. D．Their friendship. 2．Why are chimpanzees and dolphins mentioned in paragraph 3? A．To record the challenge of studying animals. B．To explain the ways of making happy sounds. C．To show the connection between joy and actions. D．To tell the differences between two kinds of animals. 3．What does the underlined word “downcast” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Sad. B．Calm. C．Moved. D．Surprised. 4．What does the writer think of the new study? A．It makes people get close to nature. B．It improves animals’ daily behavior. C．It encourages people to keep animals. D．It benefits both animals and humans. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了数百年来有关动物情绪的研究多聚焦负面情绪，如今科学家开展新研究，通过行为、脑部化学物质、体温变化等科学方式探究、衡量动物的愉悦情绪，同时说明这项研究既能更好照料动物，也有助于人类理解自身的幸福感。 【详解】 1．根据第二段中“Now some scientists are working together to better understand animals’ joy.”以及最后一段提到的“animals’ happiness”可知，这项新研究关注的是动物的快乐或幸福。 2．第三段开头给出中心句：“Some signs of joy are connected with actions.”，后文举黑猩猩、海豚发出愉悦声响的例子，是为了证明快乐和行为之间存在关联。 3．根据第四段中“Horses seem to be happily playing, but they may actually have the opposite feeling: they are downcast.””可知，downcast与前面的happily“快乐地”意思相反，因此应意为“悲伤的、沮丧的”，与sad同义。 4．根据最后一段“Learning about joy in animals can improve the care of animals. And the new study about animals’ happiness can also help better understand humans’ happiness.”可知，作者认为这项研究对动物和人类都有益处。 （2026·河北·中考真题）A Chinese robot became the unexpected star in an international kite festival. At the beginning of the festival, the robot held the string (线) of a kite flying in the sky and made up-and-down movements. The show lasted for 20 minutes and drew crowds of visitors to take photos. The robot in the international festival is a good example of human-like robots. In recent years, human-like running robots have greatly improved and surprised the world. This year, a robot from a Chinese company broke the men’s record for the half-marathon (半程马拉松). In another event, a robot, also from a Chinese company, came close to the men’s 100-meter world record. Robots are not just for flying a kite or running in competitions. They are also helping on farms. Picking tomatoes is tiring work for humans. Now farming robots can help with it. The robots first get information about the tomatoes on their own. The information is about whether the tomatoes are ripe (成熟的) or not and whether there is any tomato hidden behind leaves. With the information, the robots can work out the most effective way to pick the fruit. When picking tomatoes, the robots must choose ripe tomatoes and leave unripe ones untouched. There are many reasons for the rapid improvement of robots in recent years. The cost of building robots has fallen a lot. New computer chips allow machines to perform better. With the development of technology, robots are playing an increasingly important role in everyday life. 1．What did the robot do in the international kite festival? A．It made kites. B．It flew a kite. C．It hosted a kite show. D．It took photos of kites. 2．What did the two human-like running robots have in common? A．Coming from Chinese companies. B．Breaking the men’s running records. C．Taking part in an international festival. D．Winning first place in the half-marathon. 3．What is the first step for the robots to pick tomatoes? A．Finding hidden leaves. B．Learning farming methods. C．Collecting information. D．Taking away fallen tomatoes. 4．What does the text mainly talk about? A．The future of robot industry. B．An international kite festival. C．The rapid development of robots. D．A race between robots and humans. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文主要围绕近年来机器人的快速发展展开，开篇用国际风筝节上的机器人表演引出话题，接着举例介绍了不同领域的机器人发展，最后分析了机器人近年快速进步的原因，点明机器人已经在人们的日常生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色。 【详解】 1．根据第一段第二句“the robot held the string of a kite flying in the sky and made up-and-down movements”可知，机器人在风筝节上放了风筝。 2．根据第二段第三句“a robot from a Chinese company broke the men’s record...”和第四句“a robot, also from a Chinese company, came close to...”可知，这两个类人跑步机器人的共同点是都来自中国公司。 3．根据第三段第五句“The robots first get information about the tomatoes on their own”可知，摘番茄的第一步是收集信息。 4．文章通过风筝节表演、跑步比赛纪录、农场摘番茄三个实例展示了机器人的能力，并在最后一段总结了机器人快速进步的原因，全文主要围绕机器人的快速发展展开。 （2026·四川成都·中考真题）Scientists tell how healthy rainforests are by listening to the sounds of their wildlife. A healthy forest is alive with animal calls and birdsong but an unhealthy forest is much quieter. However, that is a big job. Researchers can make thousands of hours of recordings but then someone has to listen to them all and pick out the different animal and bird calls. What if that someone is an AI though? Scientists are using AI technology to help with the task. Through the new Forest Listeners web experiment, scientists want people around the world—including you—to help too. The site gets you to move around a virtual (虚拟的) forest, listening for wildlife. When you find a new species (物种), you listen to its song until you can remember it. The next step is to listen to real forest recordings (there are more than 1.2 million of them), and decide for each one whether you can tell that animal call or not, or if you’re not sure. The answers people give are then used to train AI to tell what animals they are by their sounds. Scientists say that the project helps them process a huge number of recordings. Without AI, it would take many years to study them all. “Every sound tagged (贴标签) by a forest listener helps train our AI models,” the scientists said. “This group effort provides us with valuable information, allowing us to find out small changes in species’ presence and behavior. These are important signs for a healthy forest.” 1．What is a healthy rainforest according to the text? A．A quiet forest. B．A forest with new species. C．A forest full of wildlife sounds. 2．What does the underlined word “that” refer to in Paragraph 1? A．Recording wildlife sounds. B．Comparing different animal calls. C．Checking forest health by listening. 3．What is the right order of the experiment? a. Give information to train AI. b. Listen for wildlife in a virtual forest. c. Listen to real forests and tag each sound. A．a-b-c B．b-c-a C．c-a-b 4．How does AI help the scientists? A．By dealing with recordings quickly. B．By remembering new species’ sounds. C．By inviting more people to care for forests. 5．What is the main idea of the text? A．Forests are in danger now. B．Helping forests is helping humans. C．Humans together with AI protect forests. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文介绍了科学家通过聆听雨林野生动物的声音来判断森林健康状况的方法，以及利用人工智能和公众参与的“Forest Listeners”项目来高效处理录音数据的新方式。 【详解】 1．原文第一段提到“A healthy forest is alive with animal calls and birdsong but an unhealthy forest is much quieter.”，说明健康的雨林充满了野生动物的声音。 2．第一段提到“Scientists tell how healthy rainforests are by listening to the sounds of their wildlife...However, that is a big job.”，这里的“that”指代前文提到的通过聆听声音来判断森林健康状况的整个工作。 3．文中描述实验步骤：首先“The site gets you to move around a virtual forest, listening for wildlife”（b），然后“listen to real forest recordings...decide for each one whether you can tell that animal call or not”（c），最后“The answers people give are then used to train AI”（a），因此正确顺序是b-c-a。 4．文中第四段提到“Without AI, it would take many years to study them all”，说明AI可以帮助科学家快速处理大量录音数据。 5．全文围绕人类通过“Forest Listeners”项目与AI合作，共同处理录音数据、保护雨林的主题展开。 （2026·重庆·中考真题）“I could only see large letters within 20 cm. After the doctor’s treatment, I could see them from 270 cm away.” said an elderly man who suffered from eye problems. The magic, from the deep rainforest of Yunnan, is called Dai Medicine. It is the survival wisdom of the Dai people which has a history of around 2,500 years. It has its own understanding of how the body works. Dai Medicine includes many special treatments. The heated herbal bed therapy (睡药疗法) is a famous one. In this treatment, the doctor spreads warm herbs over a bed and makes the patient lie on it. Then he places more herbs over the patient. Finally, he covers the patient with a quilt (被子) to keep the temperature. In 2011, the therapy was included in China’s Intangible Cultural Heritage. Another well-known treatment is the herbal pouch therapy (敷药疗法). The doctor heats a cloth bag filled with herbs, puts it on the affected area (患处) and then moves it backwards and forwards. At present, about 11 therapies are widely used in practice. Dao Huixian, a Dai doctor, said, “In our general hospital, for critical illnesses, we mainly depend on modern medicine. But for chronic (慢性的) diseases, the strengths of Dai Medicine offer greater advantages.” Since Yunnan is close to Southeast Asia, Dai Medicine is not only a way of treating diseases, but also an important bridge for medical and cultural communication with neighboring countries. In the future, this ancient wisdom may help more people around the world! 1．How long is the history of Dai Medicine? A．Around 2,000 years. B．Around 2,100 years. C．Around 2,500 years. D．Around 3,000 years. 2．What is the right order of the heated herbal bed therapy? a. cover the patient with a quilt b. spread warm herbs over a bed c. ask the patient to lie on the bed d. place more herbs over the patient A．b-c-d-a B．c-a-b-d C．c-a-d-b D．b-a-d-c 3．Which sentence uses “critical” with the same meaning as the underlined word? critical /ˈkrɪtɪkl/ adj. ① 危急的    ② 挑剔的    ③ 有判断力的    ④ 至关重要的 A．Emily, don’t be so critical of others’ mistakes. B．Students are encouraged to develop critical thinking. C．Your decisions and choices are critical to your future. D．The man is in a critical condition because of the cancer. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．A Visit to Dai Villages B．The Future of Dai Culture C．A Look into Dai Medicine D．The History of Dai Medicine 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了介绍云南傣医的历史、特色疗法、慢性病诊疗优势及国际交流作用。 【详解】 1．第二段指出：“has a history of around 2,500 years.”，说明傣医药约有2500年历史。 2．第三段描述了睡药疗法的步骤：“the doctor spreads warm herbs over a bed”（b）→“makes the patient lie on it”（c）→“places more herbs over the patient”（d）→“covers the patient with a quilt to keep the temperature”（a），因此顺序为b-c-d-a。 3．第四段中“critical”所在句为：“for critical illnesses...”，结合下文“But for chronic (慢性的) diseases”，but表示转折，“critical illnesses”与“chronic diseases”形成对比，指重病、危急的疾病，因此“critical”意为“危急的”，选项D“The man is in a critical condition”中的“critical condition”意为“危急状况”，与文中意思一致。 4．全文围绕傣族医药展开，介绍了其历史、特色疗法及应用价值，因此“A Look into Dai Medicine”是最佳标题。 （2026·重庆·中考真题）By 2030, the world’s data (数据) centers are expected to use more than double the electricity they use today. AI is the main driver. It forces countries to look for new ways to solve the big problem. China is leading the way by putting data centers under the sea as a greener solution. In December 2022, Hainan became home to China’s first underwater data center. This was followed by a more advanced (先进的) project in Shanghai in 2025. AI servers give off heat while working, making the temperature rise. If the heat isn’t taken away in time, the servers won’t run well or even break down. On-land data centers have to use up to 40% of their electricity just for cooling AI servers. Underwater data centers, like the one in Shanghai, use pipes to pump (输送) seawater. Seawater goes through the radiators on the back of the servers. It takes in heat and carries it away. The sea temperature is about 15℃, perfect for natural cooling. In this way, the electricity is saved. An assessment (评估) from the China Academy of Information and Communications Technology shows the underwater data center uses at least 30% less electricity than on-land data centers thanks to natural cooling. Underwater data centers can also reduce land usage by 80%. And the one in Shanghai offers another benefit: it will get more than 95% of its electricity from a kind of renewable energy—wind energy. And the use of tidal (潮汐) and wave energy is also taken into consideration. China’s efforts in developing underwater data centers show its promise to create low-carbon digital infrastructure (低碳数字基础设施). The act not only helps reduce the environmental influence of AI, but also could set a new standard for sustainable computing (可持续算力) worldwide. 1．What is the main reason for China to develop underwater data centers? A．To provide more electricity for AI servers directly. B．To reduce the cost of building on-land data centers. C．To solve the problem of high energy use caused by AI. D．To increase the speed of internet connections worldwide. 2．How does an underwater data center cool AI servers? A．It uses seawater to cool AI servers naturally. B．It uses air conditioners for cooling AI servers. C．It depends on wind energy to power its cooling. D．It is connected with tidal and wave energy for cooling. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to paragraph 4 and paragraph 5? A． B． C． D． 4．What would you do next if you were the developer of China’s underwater data centers according to the passage? A．Close all the on-land data centers to save electricity in the near future. B．Focus on developing on-land data centers instead of underwater data centers. C．Cut down the cost of research and development since the projects are successful. D．Explore the use of tidal and wave energy to further improve sustainable computing. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国为解决AI带来的高能耗问题，发展水下数据中心的相关情况，包括其冷却原理、节能优势、用地优势及可持续能源利用等。 【详解】 1．根据原文第一段“AI is the main driver. It forces countries to look for new ways to solve the big problem. China is leading the way by putting data centers under the sea...”可知，中国发展水下数据中心的主要原因是解决AI导致的高能耗问题。 2．根据原文第四段“Underwater data centers, like the one in Shanghai, use pipes to pump seawater. Seawater goes through the radiators on the back of the servers. It takes in heat and carries it away.”可知，水下数据中心利用海水自然冷却AI服务器。 3．根据原文第四段“the underwater data center uses at least 30% less electricity than on-land data centers”和第五段“Underwater data centers can also reduce land usage by 80%.”可知，水下数据中心用电更少、用地更少，与选项B的图表信息一致。 4．根据原文第五段“And the use of tidal and wave energy is also taken into consideration.”可知，作为开发者，下一步可探索潮汐和波浪能的使用，进一步提升可持续算力。 （2026·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·中考真题）Do you know the book The Storied Life of A．J. Fikry? The wonderful book, written by Gabrielle Zevin, takes you on a fantastic journey through the ups and downs of a man named A．J. Fikry. It’s a book about love, family, and how amazing books can be. The story happens in a small town called Alice Island. There Fikry runs a bookstore called Island Books. At first, he got angry quite often, was not good with people and liked being alone. But everything changed when he found a strange package (包裹) in his store. As you read, you get to experience Fikry’s life, filled with funny times and a bit of sadness as he deals with unexpected changes. What makes the book great is how it mixes funny things with deep thinking. Fikry, who started to be alone, changed a lot during the story. People like Amelia and Maya came into his life, making things more interesting and helping Fikry to become a better person. The Island Books bookstore is a wonderful place for book lovers. Zevin, the writer, uses the bookstore to show how amazing books are and how they can bring people together. Each part of the book even begins with a suggestion for a short story, adding a special touch to the whole story. Generally, The Storied Life of A．J. Fikry is a book that touches your heart. If you enjoy stories that make you feel warm inside and think about life, this book is a must-read. 根据语篇内容选择最佳答案。 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By setting an example. B．By asking a question. C．By comparing with another book. 2．Why did Fikry change a lot later? A．Because he met some people in his life. B．Because he found a package in his store. C．Because he shared his sadness with his parents. 3．What feelings can you experience when reading the book? A．Warmth and love. B．Anger and loneliness. C．Pain and sadness. 4．What’s the passage mainly about? A．A story of a book seller. B．A bookstore named Island Books. C．An introduction of a wonderful book. 5．How is the passage organized? A． B． C． 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文是说明文，介绍小说《岛上书店》的情节、人物与特色，推荐这本温暖治愈、引人思考的好书。 【详解】 1．文章开头以“Do you know the book...?”设问，通过提问引入主题。 2．第三段提到“People like Amelia and Maya came into his life...helping Fikry to become a better person”，说明遇到他人是Fikry改变的原因，B 项“发现包裹”是改变的触发点，而非根本原因，故选A。 3．最后一段明确提到“feel warm inside”，且首段指出书的主题是“love, family”，因此读者能感受到温暖与爱；B、C项是Fikry最初的状态，非读者体验。 4．全文围绕《The Storied Life of A. J. Fikry》展开，介绍了书的作者、内容、主题及推荐理由，属于书籍介绍；A、B是书中细节，非主旨。 5．结构分析：①总起：首段引出书籍《The Storied Life of A. J. Fikry》及主题（第1段）；②③④分述：分别介绍故事背景（小镇与书店）、人物变化（Fikry的转变）、书店特色（连接人与书的作用）（第2-4段）；⑤总结：末段总结书籍价值并推荐（第5段）。对应树形图C：①总起后，②③④为并列分述，最终汇总到⑤总结，符合“总—分—总”的层级关系。 （2026·湖南·中考真题）①AI is used to help solve problems in many fields now. Here’s how it helps save energy, protect animals, and reduce pollution. ②In many office buildings, people sometimes forget to turn off the lights or the air conditioners (空调). As a result, a lot of electricity is wasted. Thanks to AI, the problem can be solved. It learns what the temperature is and how many people are inside the buildings. Then it makes thousands of small changes to save electricity every day. No single change is big, but all of them together can make a big difference. ③Another problem is about hunting wild animals. You can’t imagine how many kinds of wild animals around the world are in danger now. Luckily, AI can collect all the data (数据) to learn from the past hunting events. Then it can guess where the hunters will go next. It was once used in a certain area, and the number of hunting events dropped from 19 a month to zero. ④How can AI help reduce pollution? To clean up plastic waste from the ocean, you first need to know where it is. However, it’s difficult because the ocean is too wide. But with satellites (人造卫星), AI can quickly make a map to show where the plastic is. This helps clean up the ocean much more efficiently, because the ships can be sent to the right places to collect the plastic waste quickly. ⑤However, none of these benefits come for free. Training AI also uses a lot of energy. So we should make wise choices. 1．What energy can AI help save in the office buildings? A．Gas. B．Water. C．Electricity. 2．Which paragraph talks about how AI helps protect wild animals? A．Paragraph 2. B．Paragraph 3. C．Paragraph 4. 3．Which words are closest in meaning to “efficiently” in Paragraph 4? A．Easily and quickly. B．Quietly and simply. C．Safely and cheaply. 4．What is the writer’s opinion about using AI? A．Old habits die hard. B．Practice makes perfect. C．Every coin has two sides. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了人工智能（AI）在解决环境和生态问题方面的积极作用及其潜在的代价。 【详解】 1．根据第二段内容“people sometimes forget to turn off the lights or the air conditioners...a lot of electricity is wasted...save electricity every day”可知，人们忘记关灯或空调会导致电力浪费，而AI可以帮助节约电能。 2．第三段首句明确指出“Another problem is about hunting wild animals.”，随后讲述了AI如何通过收集数据来预测狩猎者行踪从而保护野生动物，因此该段对应Paragraph 3。 3．根据第四段下文“...because the ships can be sent to the right places to collect the plastic waste quickly.”，可以推断出efficiently意为“高效地”，文中AI可快速定位海洋垃圾，船只能够精准、快速清运，兼顾便捷与速度，因此“Easily and quickly”词义最为贴近。 4．文章前四段列举了AI在节能、保护动物和减少污染方面的好处，但最后一段通过“However”转折，指出“Training AI also uses a lot of energy”，说明AI既有益处也有代价。这体现了事物都有两面性，即“Every coin has two sides”。 （2026·吉林·中考真题）①We use soap (肥皂) to keep clean. Usually, we buy it at a store. In fact, you can make your own soap at home. Here is one way to make it. ②In preparation for making soap, you need oil, lye (碱液) and water. When you prepare them, choose things that are not only healthy for your skin but also good for the environment. If you want to make the soap smell good and look colorful, you can also choose some scent and natural colors. ③You can make soap according to the following steps. First, wear a pair of gloves to stay safe. Next, mix lye with water. Once the lye is mixed, let it cool. After that, mix the oil into the cooled lye water. Then, add some scent or natural colors. Finally, pour the mixture (混合物) into a soap mold (模具). It takes a few days to make the soap become hard. ④You can get a feeling of satisfaction and achievement when you use your homemade soap. Have a try, and you will fall in love with the DIY soap. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．To make soap, you need to prepare ________, lye and water. A．tea B．coffee C．oil D．milk 2．What does the underlined word “scent” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Something that looks beautiful. B．Something that sounds great. C．Something that tastes delicious. D．Something that smells good. 3．Why do you wear a pair of gloves when making soap? A．To keep warm. B．To stay safe. C．To stay active. D．To keep wet. 4．How long does it take to make your soap become hard? A．A few minutes. B．A few hours. C．A few days. D．A few weeks. 5．Which is the right structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在家自制肥皂所需的材料、具体步骤以及使用自制肥皂的成就感。 【详解】 1．文章第二段指出“In preparation for making soap, you need oil, lye and water.”，直接说明制作肥皂需要准备油、碱液和水。 2．文章第二段指出“If you want to make the soap smell good and look colorful, you can also choose some scent and natural colors.”，结合“smell good”可以推断“scent”意为“闻起来香的东西”。 3．文章第三段指出“First, wear a pair of gloves to stay safe.”，直接说明戴手套是为了安全。 4．文章第三段指出“It takes a few days to make the soap become hard.”，直接说明肥皂变硬需要几天时间。 5．文章第一段总述可以在家自制肥皂，第二段介绍所需材料，第三段介绍制作步骤，第四段总结并鼓励尝试。由此推断，文章结构为“总—分—总”。 （2026·陕西·中考真题）Do you like reading? Do you often read English stories, poems, short stories or any other books? As we all know, reading plays a very important role in English learning. It will help build your vocabulary, develop your sense of the English language, and open your mind. However, not all books are proper for you. If you are a beginner who learns English, here are some general rules to choose a book. You should look for books for learners of English. To start with, look for beginning level books: Level 1 or Stage 1. Later, when your English becomes better, you can move on to a higher level. Ask your teacher where to find the books for your level. There may be some in the school or classroom library. You may also find books for learners in bookstores or public libraries. Then, choose a book that interests you. Your teacher and friends may have good ideas. The important thing is to choose a book that you want to read. At the end of this unit, there is a list of books. Before you choose a book, find out if it is proper for you. Follow these steps to preview (预览) it: ● Read the title, back cover and first few pages. What is the book about? Is it interesting? ● Look at the first few pages again. How many words are new for you? > No new words. This book may be too easy for you. > 1~5 new words on each page. This book is the right level for you. > 6 or more new words on each page. This book may be too difficult for you. Note: You may choose from these books, or you may choose different books. 1．How many advantages of reading English books are mentioned in Paragraph 1? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 2．Which paragraph or paragraphs tell(s) us the general rules to choose a book? A．Paragraph 2. B．Paragraphs 2 and 3. C．Paragraph 4. D．Paragraph 4 and the note. 3．According to the passage, the book with ________ new words on each page is proper for Liu Han, an English beginner. A．without any new words B．with 3 or 4 new words C．with 6 new words D．with more than 6 new words 4．Where is the passage probably taken from? A．A novel. B．A poem collection. C．A textbook. D．A story book. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了阅读对英语学习的重要性，并为英语初学者提供了选择合适书籍的建议。 【详解】 1．第一段指出：“It will help build your vocabulary, develop your sense of the English language, and open your mind.”，共三个好处。 2．第二段和第三段分别从书籍级别“You should look for books for learners of English”（第二段）和兴趣爱好“choose a book that interests you”（第三段）两方面给出了选书的一般规则。 3．“Look at the first few pages again”部分指出：“1~5 new words on each page. This book is the right level for you.”，每页出现1~5个生词为合适的级别，选项3~4个新词属于这个范围。 4．本文是一篇关于如何选书的指导性文章，最可能出自教科书。 （2026·云南·中考真题）Desertification (荒漠化) is a difficult problem for the whole world. For many years, Chinese scientists have had rich experience in dealing with desertification in Northwest China. Now they are working to help African countries turn their sandy areas into green ones. China has made great progress through hard work, though it is seriously influenced by desertification. Until November 2024, China built a long wall of trees, which caught the world’s attention. It is 3,046 km long! And China has created 32 million hectares (公顷) of new forest. Chinese scientists shared the technologies with Mauritania, an African country. They introduced different kinds of plants from China and used straw checkerboards to stop sand from moving. They developed new ways to save water for farming. Smart technologies such as robots, drones and sand-blocking systems (阻沙系统) driven by solar panels also helped a lot. The China-Africa Green Technology Park was built in Mauritania. In 2024, the park was an empty land swept by wind and sand. Just one year later, there were grasses, fruits and vegetables. Wang Yongdong, a senior engineer from China, said, “The goal of the park is not only to protect the environment but also to help local people.” So far, China has trained 45 skilled workers and created 120 jobs for the local community. The Mauritanian environment minister (部长) described China as a “very important partner”. To help African countries, Chinese scientists have overcome many difficulties. As a key member fighting against desertification in the world, China promises to keep working and make bigger efforts. Wang said, “We are a community with a shared future. We hope our efforts will show this spirit.” 1．What’s the main idea of paragraph 2? A．The ways of planting trees in China. B．The problems of desertification in China. C．The reason why China helps African countries. D．The progress China has made in fighting against desertification. 2．How did Chinese scientists help Mauritania according to paragraph 3? a. By introducing different kinds of plants.   b. By using straw checkerboards. c. By developing a wind power system.   d. By using robots and drones. A．a, b, c B．a, b, d C．b, c, d D．a, c, d 3．Why was the China-Africa Green Technology Park built? A．To train skilled workers for China. B．To build a robot factory for the local community. C．To protect the environment and help local people. D．To teach more local people how to make solar panels. 4．Where is the text probably from? A．A science magazine. B．A health guide. C．An English dictionary. D．A travel diary. 5．What will China probably do for African countries in the future according to paragraph 5? A．Build some schools for them. B．Help them with space development. C．Offer free fruits and vegetables to them. D．Continue to help them fight against desertification. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文介绍了荒漠化是全球性难题，中国治沙成效显著，向毛里塔尼亚输出治沙技术并共建绿色园区，改善当地生态、带动就业，还将持续助力非洲对抗荒漠化。 【详解】 1．根据第二段“China has made great progress through hard work...built a long wall of trees...created 32 million hectares of new forest”可知，主要讲述“中国在治理荒漠化方面取得的成就”。对应D选项。 2．根据第三段“They introduced different kinds of plants...used straw checkerboards to stop sand from moving...Smart technologies such as robots, drones...”可知，中国科学家帮助毛里塔尼亚的方式：①引进不同种类的植物(a)；②使用草方格阻止沙移动(b)；③使用机器人和无人机(d)，对应B选项。 3．根据第四段“The goal of the park is not only to protect the environment but also to help local people.”可知，建设中非绿色科技园是为了“保护环境、帮助当地人民”。对应C选项。 4．本文介绍中国在荒漠化治理方面的技术和成就，属于“科技类”内容，最有可能出现在“科学杂志”上。对应A选项。 5．根据第五段“China promises to keep working and make bigger efforts”可知，中国承诺继续努力并做出更大努力，说明中国将“继续帮助非洲国家抗击荒漠化”。对应D选项。 试卷第1页，共3页 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $