专题02 形容词、副词、动词和动词短语（1年汇编）（全国通用01期）2026年中考英语真题分类汇编

**基本信息** 聚焦初中英语形容词、副词、动词及短语，汇编2026年多省市中考真题，以真实情境（如地方美食、火星车、白求恩事迹）考查词义辨析与语境应用。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |选择题|21题|形容词（local, hopeful等）、副词（excitedly, carefully等）、动词（pick, trust等）、动词短语（look into, opened up等）|融合文化（地方美食、红色文化）、科技（火星车、高铁）情境，弱化语法变形，强化语境语义辨析（如形容词情感判断、动词短语真实交际应用）|

专题02 形容词、副词、动词和动词短语 考点 命题解读 创新考法（重点变化） 形容词 以词义辨析为主，依托生活、文化情境，考查形容词修饰名词 / 作表语用法，素材融合地方美食、成长心态、自然科普，侧重语义逻辑匹配，摒弃孤立词义识记题 1. 弱化纯语法变形，强化语境情感判断；2. 融入文化、校园生活热点情境；3. 选项均为同词性近义词汇，加大辨析难度 副词 聚焦方式副词词义区分，考查副词修饰动词的句法功能，依托对话、场景描述设题，依靠上下文情绪、动作线索解题 1.结合生活行为场景（记笔记、出行、聊天）；3. 不再单独考形副转换，单选侧重语境词义辨析 动词 实义动词词义辨析，搭配固定宾语，素材覆盖校园、文旅场景，依托答句、后文提示锁定动词，核心考查动词与名词的适配关系 1. 嵌入问答对话语境； 2. 干扰项词义跨度小，需结合后文细节排除 动词短语 固定搭配辨析，侧重动介、动名短语，覆盖生活礼仪、学习、出行、人物事迹类话题，考查短语语义匹配上下文逻辑 1. 新增 “动词 + 名词” 固定短语（take advantage of）；2. 结合红色文化（白求恩事迹）、高铁、航天火星车素材命题；3. 侧重短语在真实交际场景中的运用，避开机械背诵类考题 考点01 形容词 1. （2026·安徽·中考真题）If you want to know the culture of a city, it’s a good way to enjoy the ________ food. A. free B. fast C. sweet D. local 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果你想了解一个城市的文化，享受当地食物是一个好方法。 free免费的；fast快的；sweet甜的；local当地的。根据“If you want to know the culture of a city”可知，要了解城市文化，品尝当地的食物是最合适的方式。应填local。 2. （2026·福建·中考真题）Xiao Ya is ________ about life. She always looks on the bright side of things. A. hopeful B. curious C. nervous 【答案】A 【详解】句意：小雅对生活充满希望。她总是看到事物光明的一面。 hopeful充满希望的；curious好奇的；nervous紧张的。根据“She always looks on the bright side of things.”可知，她总是看到事物好的一面，说明对生活充满希望。应填hopeful。 3. （2026·江苏连云港·中考真题）Nature has a ________ power as it makes people relaxed after wandering in a park for just 20 minutes. A. magic B. weak C. strict D. harmful 【答案】A 【详解】句意：大自然有一种神奇的力量，因为人们在公园里漫步仅仅20分钟后就会感到放松。 magic神奇的；weak虚弱的；strict严格的；harmful有害的。根据后半句“it makes people relaxed after wandering in a park for just 20 minutes”可知，自然能让人在短时间内放松，体现了其力量的神奇，应用magic表示“神奇的”。 4. （2026·天津·中考真题）Don’t be ________ to ask questions. Just be brave! A. afraid B. nice C. glad D. clear 【答案】A 【详解】句意：不要害怕问问题。要勇敢！ afraid害怕的；nice友好的；glad高兴的；clear清楚的。根据后句“Just be brave!”可知是鼓励要勇敢，不要恐惧，be afraid to do sth.意为“害怕做某事”，符合语境。 考点02 副词 1. （2026·福建·中考真题）— They are chatting ________ about the coming football match. — Yes, the match is very popular among students. A. quickly B. politely C. excitedly 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——他们正在兴奋地聊着即将到来的足球比赛。——是的，这场比赛在学生中很受欢迎。 quickly快速地；politely礼貌地；excitedly兴奋地。根据答语“Yes, the match is very popular among students.”可知比赛很受欢迎，推测出他们聊得很兴奋。故填excitedly。 2. （2026·江苏连云港·中考真题） Engineers put their hearts ________ into every detail because a miss is as good as a mile. A. suddenly B. completely C. politely D. carelessly 【答案】B 【详解】句意：工程师们全身心地投入到每一个细节中，因为失之毫厘，谬以千里。 suddenly突然；completely完全地；politely礼貌地；carelessly粗心地。根据“a miss is as good as a mile”（失之毫厘，谬以千里）可知，工程师必须非常认真投入，应用completely表示“完全地”。故选用completely。 3. （2026·江苏扬州·中考真题）Life in the parks here, with rich activities, such as singing, dancing and doing Tai Chi, is ________ different from parks in the UK. A. rapidly B. totally C. suddenly D. finally 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这里的公园生活，有着丰富的活动，如唱歌、跳舞和打太极，与英国的公园完全不同。 rapidly迅速地；totally完全；suddenly突然；finally最终。根据“different from parks in the UK”可知，此处强调两地公园生活的差异很大，totally different意为“完全不同”，符合语境。 4. （2026·江西·中考真题）Students should take notes ________ in class to avoid missing any key points. A. carefully B. easily C. freely D. beautifully 【答案】A 【详解】句意：学生们应该在课堂上仔细地记笔记，以避免遗漏任何重点。 carefully仔细地；easily容易地；freely自由地；beautifully美丽地。根据“to avoid missing any key points”可知，为了避免遗漏重点，记笔记需要仔细。应填carefully。 5. （2026·天津·中考真题）Mary loves running in the morning, so she always gets up ________. A. early B. slowly C. finally D. loudly 【答案】A 【详解】句意：玛丽喜欢早上跑步，所以她总是早起。 early早地；slowly缓慢地；finally最后；loudly大声地。根据前句“Mary loves running in the morning（玛丽喜欢晨跑）”可推知，她总是起床很早，应填early。 考点03 动词 1. （2026·安徽·中考真题）—We need a singer for the coming competition. —Bob sings best in our class, so let’s ________ him. A. beat B. pick C. face D. watch 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我们需要一名歌手参加即将到来的比赛。——鲍勃在我们班唱得最好，所以让我们挑选他吧。 beat打败；pick挑选；face面对；watch观看。根据“Bob sings best in our class”可知，鲍勃唱歌最好，推测出应该是挑选他参加比赛，应填pick。 2. （2026·福建·中考真题） Teng Fei is my best friend. I ________ him all the time. A. trust B. avoid C. change 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Teng Fei是我最好的朋友。我一直信任他。 trust信任；avoid避免；change改变。根据“Teng Fei is my best friend.”可知，两人关系亲密，既然是最好的朋友，逻辑上应该是“信任”对方，而不是避免或改变。 3. （2026·江苏扬州·中考真题）I like to ________ the great mountains and rivers and people’s life with my camera. A. interview B. explore C. expect D. influence 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我喜欢用我的相机去探索伟大的山河和人们的生活。 interview采访，通常用于采访人；explore探索；expect期待；influence影响。根据“the great mountains and rivers and people’s life with my camera”可知，此处表示用相机去探索山河与生活，应填explore。 4. （2026·江西·中考真题）—Ms. Lee, let me help you ________ these books. —Thank you, Teng Fei. They are so heavy for me. A. find B. buy C. carry D. translate 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——李老师，让我帮你搬这些书。——谢谢你，腾飞。它们对我来说如此重。 find找到；buy买；carry拿，搬；translate翻译。根据答语“They are so heavy for me.”可知书很重，推测出是帮忙搬书。应填carry。 5. （2026·江苏扬州·中考真题） If you want to understand a culture better, you need to ________ time with local people. A. spend B. lose C. cost D. change 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果你想更好地了解一种文化，你需要花时间和当地人在一起。 spend花费（时间/金钱，主语为人，spend time with sb.意为“花时间和某人在一起”）；lose失去；cost花费（主语为物）；change改变。根据题干“time with local people”可知，花时间和当地人相处，应填spend。 6. （2026·天津·中考真题）This new railway will ________ the village to the outside world. A. ask B. connect C. love D. close 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这条新铁路将把这个村庄与外部世界连接起来。 ask问；connect连接；love爱；close关闭。根据“This new railway”可知主语是铁路，铁路的作用通常是连接两地，connect…to…意为“把……连接到……”，符合语境。 考点04 动词短语 1. （2026·安徽·中考真题） If we meet problems, we can ________ the reasons and solve them wisely. A. leave out B. make up C. turn down D. look into 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果我们遇到问题，我们可以调查原因并明智地解决它们。 leave out省略/遗漏；make up编造/组成；turn down调低/拒绝；look into调查/研究。根据“the reasons”和“solve them wisely”可知，遇到问题应调查原因，应填look into。 2. （2026·江苏连云港·中考真题）Zhurong, China’s first Mars rover (火星车), has ________ a new age of exploring planets for humans. A. given up B. made up C. turned up D. opened up 【答案】D 【详解】句意：中国首辆火星车“祝融号”为人类探索行星开启了新时代。 given up放弃；made up编造/组成；turned up出现/调高；opened up开启/打开。根据题干“a new age of exploring planets”可知，祝融号“开启了”新时代，应填opened up。 3. （2026·福建·中考真题）— Tina always ________ her seat on the bus to someone who needs it. — She is really a kind girl. A. gives up B. takes away C. waits for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——蒂娜在公交车上总会把座位让给有需要的人。——她真是个善良的女孩。 gives up让出；takes away拿走；waits for等待。give up one’s seat 是固定搭配，表示“让座”，主语Tina为第三人称单数，动词用三单形式gives up。 4. （2026·江苏扬州·中考真题）I take ________ of China’s high-speed trains and have travelled throughout the country to experience different cultures. A. notice B. care C. control D. advantage 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我利用中国的高铁，游遍了全国各地体验不同的文化。 notice注意；care关心；control控制；advantage优势。根据题干“have travelled throughout the country”可知，利用高铁旅行，take advantage of是动词短语，意为“利用”，应填advantage。 5. （2026·江苏扬州·中考真题） —What do you ________ your experience of living in China? —There is always something new. 20 years on, China still surprises me. A. think over B. think of C. think back D. think out 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你觉得你在中国生活的经历怎么样？——总有新鲜事。20年过去了，中国仍然让我惊讶。 think over仔细考虑；think of认为、想起；think back回想；think out想出。根据“There is always something new. ”可知，答句是在表达感受，问句用于询问对某事的看法，think of符合语境。 6 （2026·天津·中考真题） Dr Bethune worked for 69 hours without resting or ________ himself. A. taking part in B. getting ready for C. taking care of D. keeping clear of 【答案】C 【详解】句意：白求恩大夫连续工作69个小时，没有休息，也没有照顾自己。 taking part in参加；getting ready for为……做准备；taking care of 照顾；keeping clear of避开。根据句中“without resting” 以及语境连续高强度工作可知，此处表达无暇照料自己，应填taking care of。 试卷第1页，共3页 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 形容词、副词、动词和动词短语 考点 命题解读 创新考法（重点变化） 形容词 以词义辨析为主，依托生活、文化情境，考查形容词修饰名词 / 作表语用法，素材融合地方美食、成长心态、自然科普，侧重语义逻辑匹配，摒弃孤立词义识记题 1. 弱化纯语法变形，强化语境情感判断；2. 融入文化、校园生活热点情境；3. 选项均为同词性近义词汇，加大辨析难度 副词 聚焦方式副词词义区分，考查副词修饰动词的句法功能，依托对话、场景描述设题，依靠上下文情绪、动作线索解题 1.结合生活行为场景（记笔记、出行、聊天）；3. 不再单独考形副转换，单选侧重语境词义辨析 动词 实义动词词义辨析，搭配固定宾语，素材覆盖校园、文旅场景，依托答句、后文提示锁定动词，核心考查动词与名词的适配关系 1. 嵌入问答对话语境； 2. 干扰项词义跨度小，需结合后文细节排除 动词短语 固定搭配辨析，侧重动介、动名短语，覆盖生活礼仪、学习、出行、人物事迹类话题，考查短语语义匹配上下文逻辑 1. 新增 “动词 + 名词” 固定短语（take advantage of）；2. 结合红色文化（白求恩事迹）、高铁、航天火星车素材命题；3. 侧重短语在真实交际场景中的运用，避开机械背诵类考题 考点01 形容词 1. （2026·安徽·中考真题）If you want to know the culture of a city, it’s a good way to enjoy the ________ food. A. free B. fast C. sweet D. local 2. （2026·福建·中考真题）Xiao Ya is ________ about life. She always looks on the bright side of things. A. hopeful B. curious C. nervous 3. （2026·江苏连云港·中考真题）Nature has a ________ power as it makes people relaxed after wandering in a park for just 20 minutes. A. magic B. weak C. strict D. harmful 4. （2026·天津·中考真题）Don’t be ________ to ask questions. Just be brave! A. afraid B. nice C. glad D. clear 考点02 副词 1. （2026·福建·中考真题）— They are chatting ________ about the coming football match. — Yes, the match is very popular among students. A. quickly B. politely C. excitedly 2. （2026·江苏连云港·中考真题） Engineers put their hearts ________ into every detail because a miss is as good as a mile. A. suddenly B. completely C. politely D. carelessly 3. （2026·江苏扬州·中考真题）Life in the parks here, with rich activities, such as singing, dancing and doing Tai Chi, is ________ different from parks in the UK. A. rapidly B. totally C. suddenly D. finally 4. （2026·江西·中考真题）Students should take notes ________ in class to avoid missing any key points. A. carefully B. easily C. freely D. beautifully 5. （2026·天津·中考真题）Mary loves running in the morning, so she always gets up ________. A. early B. slowly C. finally D. loudly 考点03 动词 1. （2026·安徽·中考真题）—We need a singer for the coming competition. —Bob sings best in our class, so let’s ________ him. A. beat B. pick C. face D. watch 2. （2026·福建·中考真题） Teng Fei is my best friend. I ________ him all the time. A. trust B. avoid C. change 3. （2026·江苏扬州·中考真题）I like to ________ the great mountains and rivers and people’s life with my camera. A. interview B. explore C. expect D. influence 4. （2026·江西·中考真题）—Ms. Lee, let me help you ________ these books. —Thank you, Teng Fei. They are so heavy for me. A. find B. buy C. carry D. translate 5. （2026·江苏扬州·中考真题） If you want to understand a culture better, you need to ________ time with local people. A. spend B. lose C. cost D. change 6. （2026·天津·中考真题）This new railway will ________ the village to the outside world. A. ask B. connect C. love D. close 考点04 动词短语 1. （2026·安徽·中考真题） If we meet problems, we can ________ the reasons and solve them wisely. A. leave out B. make up C. turn down D. look into 2. （2026·江苏连云港·中考真题）Zhurong, China’s first Mars rover (火星车), has ________ a new age of exploring planets for humans. A. given up B. made up C. turned up D. opened up 3. （2026·福建·中考真题）— Tina always ________ her seat on the bus to someone who needs it. — She is really a kind girl. A. gives up B. takes away C. waits for 4. （2026·江苏扬州·中考真题）I take ________ of China’s high-speed trains and have travelled throughout the country to experience different cultures. A. notice B. care C. control D. advantage 5. （2026·江苏扬州·中考真题） —What do you ________ your experience of living in China? —There is always something new. 20 years on, China still surprises me. A. think over B. think of C. think back D. think out 6 （2026·天津·中考真题） Dr Bethune worked for 69 hours without resting or ________ himself. A. taking part in B. getting ready for C. taking care of D. keeping clear of 试卷第1页，共3页 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 形容词、副词、动词和动词短语 参考答案 考点01 形容词 1. D 2. A 3. A 4. A 考点02 副词 1. C 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. A 考点03 动词 1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. B 考点04 动词短语 1. D 2. D 3. A 4. D 5. B 6 C 试卷第1页，共3页 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $