预习篇：Unit 1 Back to school 词汇基础练习-2026-2027学年高中英语译林版（2020）必修第一册

**基本信息** 本卷为高中英语“Back to school”单元初升高衔接卷，聚焦词汇与语法基础，通过词性转换、语境填空等题型强化语言能力，适配衔接阶段夯实基础需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词性转换|32题|32组核心词汇（如potential/confidence的形副名转换）|系统训练构词法，强化词汇网络构建| |单词形式填空|24题|词形变化（如improve→improvement）与语境应用|结合“挑战/进步”等主题词，渗透积极学习态度| |补全句子|12题|固定搭配（如make the most of）与核心句型|融入“充分利用时间”等实用表达，培养思维品质| |语法填空|3篇30空|时态、非谓语、介词等语法点|改编课文贴近衔接需求，注重语篇逻辑与语法应用|

Unit 1 Back to school 词汇基础练习 一、词性转换 1. n.潜力；可能性adj.潜在的，可能的→ adv.可能地，潜在地 2. n./vt.挑战；质疑→ adj.具有挑战性的→ n.挑战者 3. n.努力，费力的事；试图→ adj.不费力气的；应付自如的→ adj.需要努力的；显示努力的；充满努力的 4. n．进步，进展；前进，行进/vt./vi．发展，进步；提出→ adj．高级的；先进的 5. vt.使吃惊→ adj.令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的→ adj.吃惊的（人）→ n.惊异；惊愕 6. n.信心，信任；把握→ adj.自信的；确信的→ adv.自信地，有信心地 7. n.差异；差别→ adj.不同的；有差异的→ vi.不同于；有区别 8. n.资源；资料；谋略→ n.来源，出处；源头，发源地 9. n.有利条件;优势→ n.不利条件；不便之处 10. adj.相等的；平等的；相当的/n.同等的人（物）→ adv.平等地；同样地 11. vt.同等重视；（使）保持平衡；权衡重要性 n.均衡，平衡；平衡能力 → adj.平衡的→ n.不平衡→ adj.不平衡的；比例失调的 12. v.改进，改善→ n.改善，提高 13. n.个人/adj.单独的，个别的→ adv.分别地；各自地 14. n.品质，性格；特点；人物，角色；文字→ vt.描述......的特性→ n.特征；特性；特色 15. adj．有责任，负责；可靠的；（向主管者或上级）承担责任→ adv.负责地，可信赖地→ n.责任；义务 16. adj．自主的，有主见的；自立的→ n．独立；自立→ adj.依赖的→ n.依赖 17. n．细节；具体情况→ adj．详细的 18. vt.以······为基础（依据）n.根据；基础；基底；总部，大本营→ adj.基本的，基础的；初级的；必需的→ adv.基本上；从根本上说→ n.基础，要素；基准，方式→ n.基础（base或basis的复数形式） 19. vt.提醒，使想起→ n.引起回忆的事物；提醒人的事物 20. n.提议，建议→ vt.建议；打算，计划 21. n.目标，目的；瞄准/v.力争做到；目的是；针对；瞄准→ adj.没有方向的，无目标的→ adv.漫无目的地，毫无目标地 22. n.技术，技艺；技能→ adj.技术的，工艺的→ adv.技术上，在工艺上 23. adj.职业的，专业的；有职业的；娴熟的，精通业务的/n.专门人员，专业人士→ n.职业，行业→ n.教授；＜美＞（大学的）讲师，教员 24. adj.中学的；次要的→ num.第二/adj.第二的；次要的 25. n.主人；东道主；主持人vt.主办；主持→ n.女主人 26. n.生物学→ n.生物学家 27. adj.艰难的；严厉的；坚强的；坚固的→ adv.艰难地；严厉地→ n.坚韧；强硬 28. n.闹钟；恐慌；警报（器）/vt.使惊恐，使害怕→ adj.令人惊恐的→ adj.感到惊恐的（人） 29. n.贡献；捐款；捐赠→ v.促成，造成（某事发生）；贡献；捐款；（为报纸、杂志、电台或电视节目）撰稿 30. adv.幸运地；幸亏→ adj.幸运的→ adj.不幸的→ adv.不幸地→ n.运气；大笔的钱→ n.不幸 31. n.可选择的事物，选择；选修课→ adj.可选择的，非强制的 32. vt．吸引，使喜爱；招引；引起（反应）→ adj.吸引人的；有吸引力的→ n.吸引；吸引力；向往的地方 二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 1． It's only a small (improve), but at least it's a step in the right direction. 2． Mike found a (challenge) job as a computer programmer. 3． I was (amaze) at her knowledge of French literature. 4． His books always deal with serious subjects including (responsible),peace and protection of the environment. 5． They choose to work for themselves because they enjoy (independent),not because they want to hide from their colleagues. 6． Engaging in various after-class activities makes me feel more (confidence) and enriches my school life as well. 7． Now I am looking forward to (go) back to work as soon as possible. 8． She grasped every opportunity (improve) her oral English in class. 9． He needs all the support and (encourage) he can get. 10． Many (profession) dancers started taking dance lessons when they were children. 11． (detail) of the government report have not yet been made public. 12． We offer free (technique) support to those buying our software. 13． Students should aim (become) more independent of their teachers. 14． Each exercise (focus) on a different grammar point. 15． The information we collect about the world around us (base) on what we see. 16． In my opinion, experience is what matters----age is of (second) importance. 17． She is a well-known (biology) in this university. 18． I thought she was very (attract) and intelligent. 19． The rainforests are disappearing at an (alarm) rate. 20． She graduated from Peking University and (host) a sports programme several years ago. 21． Schools need to give students different (option) courses and ensure that they can attend the courses they are interested in. 22． (fortunately), they ran into a snowstorm along the way. 23． She often has difficulty (express) herself in public. 24． Her public stance（立场）was much (tough) than her private feelings on the subject. 三、根据提示补全句子。 1. 我迫不及待地要加入这个篮球俱乐部。 I this basketball club. 2. 大多数答案在于你从客户互动中收集的数据。（lie） Most answers the data you collect from your customer interactions. 3. 不要期望一个中学生能那样应付自如。（rise） Don't expect a junior high school student to the occasion like that. 4. 对生活持积极的态度会让你在困难中得到力量。（positive） Holding life can give you strength when you're in trouble. 5. 我们应该充分利用我们的时间好好学习。（most） We should our time to study well. 6. 他们相信自己有能力成功完成此项任务。（confidence） They to finish the task successfully. 7. 他们定下明确的目标：利用好每一次机会，永不放弃。（goal;advantage） They to every opportunity and never give up. 8. 培养能力和获取知识同样重要。（as...as） Developing our ability is knowledge. 9. 虽然我们在性格上不同，但我们仍然是不错的朋友。（different） Even though we each other the character, we are still great friends. 10. 我们应当努力节约任何有用的东西，为建设节约型社会作贡献。（contribution） We should try to save everything useful to an economized society. 11. 然而一开始，对我来说，要记住他们每个人的名字很困难。（it作形式主语） , however, for me to remember everyone's name. 12. 她认为这篇课文很容易理解。（find＋宾语＋宾补） She found . 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A（课文改编填空） Welcome to senior high school! I can't wait to tell you what senior high school life is like.Senior high school life is full of challenges and 1 (opportunity).When you rise to these challenges, you will find that your time and effort will open the door to your potential. Potential is a natural ability that can 2 (develop) with your efforts.While developing as a student and as a person, you will discover your potential and make 3 difference to society.4 (realize) your potential,you need to make the most of your school resources. It is 5 (equal) important for you to develop good habits, such as planning your study,6 (set) clear goals and balancing your schoolwork 7 other activities. Meanwhile, 8 (face) with difficulties, you'd better look on the bright side and have confidence in yourself , even in difficulty.9 a famous saying goes,“A journey of a thousand miles 10 (begin) with a single step." You need to make great efforts to train your mind,develop your character and realize your potential. I do believe you will try your best and make us proud. B I've just finished my 1 (one) day of senior high school and I really enjoyed it. I have been told that schoolwork will present 2 bigger challenge in the years ahead,and 3 the teachers will hold us to higher standards. This means I'll have to put a lot of effort into my studies. I'll also need to be very careful about balancing my schoolwork and 4 (hobby).This is all quite new and different 5 my life at junior high school, but I'm sure I'll rise to all these challenges. In fact, I'm looking forward to being more 6 (dependent) and responsible for my own learning.There is so much knowledge I need to acquire, so I 7 (work) harder than ever. I also plan to take advantage of every opportunity 8 (improve) my communication skills. I'll make friends by 9 (join) some clubs. I have confidence in my ability to do 10 (good) at senior high school. C Have you ever asked yourself why children go to school? You will 1 (probable) say that they go to school to learn languages, maths, history,science and some other knowledge. That is quite true, but why do they learn these things? We send our children to school to prepare them 2 the time when they will grow up and will have to work by themselves. Nearly everything they study at school has some practical uses in their lives. But is that 3 only reason why they go to school? There is 4 (much) in education than just 5 (learn) truths. People go to school to learn how to learn, so that when they leave school they can continue to learn. A man 6 really knows how to learn will always be successful, because when he has to do something new, he will not only be able to do it well himself, but also be able 7 (teach) others how to do it in the best way. An 8 (educate) person, on the other hand, is probably either unable to do something new, or just 9 (do) it badly. The purpose of schools,therefore,is not only to teach languages,maths,history,science, etc,but also teach 10 (pupil) the way to learn. 答案： 一、词性转换 1. potential n.潜力；可能性adj.潜在的，可能的→ potential adv.可能地，潜在地 2. challenge n./vt.挑战；质疑→ challenging adj.具有挑战性的→ challenger n.挑战者 3. effort n.努力，费力的事；试图→ effortless adj.不费力气的；应付自如的→ effortful adj.需要努力的；显示努力的；充满努力的 4. advance n．进步，进展；前进，行进/vt./vi．发展，进步；提出→ advanced adj．高级的；先进的 5. amaze vt.使吃惊→ amazing adj.令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的→ amazed adj.吃惊的（人）→ amazement n.惊异；惊愕 6. confidence n.信心，信任；把握→ confident adj.自信的；确信的→ confidently adv.自信地，有信心地 7. difference n.差异；差别→ different adj.不同的；有差异的→ differ vi.不同于；有区别 8. resource n.资源；资料；谋略→ source n.来源，出处；源头，发源地 9. advantage n.有利条件;优势→ disadvantage n.不利条件；不便之处 10. equal adj.相等的；平等的；相当的/n.同等的人（物）→ equally adv.平等地；同样地 11. balance n.均衡，平衡；平衡能力/vt.同等重视；（使）保持平衡；权衡重要性 → balanced adj.平衡的→ imbalance n.不平衡→ imbalanced adj.不平衡的；比例失调的 12. improve v.改进，改善→ improvement n.改善，提高 13. individual n.个人/adj.单独的，个别的→ individually adv.分别地；各自地 14. character n.品质，性格；特点；人物，角色；文字→ characterize vt.描述......的特性→ characteristic n.特征；特性；特色 15. responsible adj．有责任，负责；可靠的；（向主管者或上级）承担责任→ responsibly adv.负责地，可信赖地→ responsibility n.责任；义务 16. independent adj．自主的，有主见的；独立的→ independence n．独立；自立→ dependent adj.依赖的→ dependence n.依赖 17. detail n．细节；具体情况→ detailed adj．详细的 18. base vt.以······为基础（依据）n.根据；基础；基底；总部，大本营→ basic adj.基本的，基础的；初级的；必需的→ basically adv.基本上；从根本上说→ basis n.基础，要素；基准，方式→ bases n.基础（base或basis的复数形式） 19. remind vt.提醒，使想起→ reminder n.引起回忆的事物；提醒人的事物 20. proposal n.提议，建议→ propose vt.建议；打算，计划 21. aim n.目标，目的；瞄准/v.力争做到；目的是；针对；瞄准→ aimless adj.没有方向的，无目标的→ aimlessly adv.漫无目的地，毫无目标地 22. technique n.技术，技艺；技能→ technical adj.技术的，工艺的→ technically adv.技术上，在工艺上 23. professional adj.职业的，专业的；有职业的；娴熟的，精通业务的/n.专门人员，专业人士→ profession n.职业，行业→ professor n.教授；＜美＞（大学的）讲师，教员 24. secondary adj.中学的；次要的→ second num.第二/adj.第二的；次要的 25. host n.主人；东道主；主持人vt.主办；主持→ hostess n.女主人 26. biology n.生物学→ biologist n.生物学家 27. tough adj.艰难的；严厉的；坚强的；坚固的→ toughly adv.艰难地；严厉地→ toughness n.坚韧；强硬 28. alarm n.闹钟；恐慌；警报（器）/vt.使惊恐，使害怕→ alarming adj.令人惊恐的→ alarmed adj.感到惊恐的（人） 29. contribution n.贡献；捐款；捐赠→ contribute v.促成，造成（某事发生）；贡献；捐款；（为报纸、杂志、电台或电视节目）撰稿 30. fortunately adv.幸运地；幸亏→ fortunate adj.幸运的→ unfortunate adj.不幸的→ unfortunately adv.不幸地→ fortune n.运气；大笔的钱→ misfortune n.不幸 31. option n.可选择的事物，选择；选修课→ optional adj.可选择的，非强制的 32. attract vt．吸引，使喜爱；招引；引起（反应）→ attractive adj.吸引人的；有吸引力的→ attraction n.吸引；吸引力；向往的地方 二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 1． It's only a small improvement (improve), but at least it's a step in the right direction. 2． Mike found a challenging (challenge) job as a computer programmer. 3． I was amazed (amaze) at her knowledge of French literature. 4． His books always deal with serious subjects including responsibility (responsible), peace and protection of the environment. 5． They choose to work for themselves because they enjoy independence (independent), not because they want to hide from their colleagues. 6． Engaging in various after-class activities makes me feel more confident (confidence) and enriches my school life as well. 7． Now I am looking forward to going (go) back to work as soon as possible. 8． She grasped every opportunity to improve (improve) her oral English in class. 9． He needs all the support and encouragement (encourage) he can get. 10． Many professional (profession) dancers started taking dance lessons when they were children. 11． Details (detail) of the government report have not yet been made public. 12． We offer free technical (technique) support to those buying our software. 13． Students should aim to become (become) more independent of their teachers. 14． Each exercise focuses (focus) on a different grammar point. 15． The information we collect about the world around us is based (base) on what we see. 16． In my opinion, experience is what matters----age is of secondary (second) importance. 17． She is a well-known biologist (biology) in this university. 18． I thought she was very attractive (attract) and intelligent. 19． The rainforests are disappearing at an alarming (alarm) rate. 20． She graduated from Peking University and hosted (host) a sports programme several years ago. 21． Schools need to give students different optional (option) courses and ensure that they can attend the courses they are interested in. 22． Unfortunately (fortunately), they ran into a snowstorm along the way. 23． She often has difficulty expressing (express) herself in public. 24． Her public stance（立场）was much tougher (tough) than her private feelings on the subject. 三、根据提示补全句子。 1. 我迫不及待地要加入这个篮球俱乐部。 I can't wait to join this basketball club. 13. 大多数答案在于你从客户互动中收集的数据。（lie） Most answers lie in the data you collect from your customer interactions. 14. 不要期望一个中学生能那样应付自如。（rise） Don't expect a junior high school student to rise to the occasion like that. 15. 对生活持积极的态度会让你在困难中得到力量。（positive） Holding a positive attitude to life can give you strength when you're in trouble. 16. 我们应该充分利用我们的时间好好学习。（most） We should make the most of our time to study well. 17. 他们相信自己有能力成功完成此项任务。（confidence） They have confidence in their ability to finish the task successfully. 18. 他们定下明确的目标：利用好每一次机会，永不放弃。（goal;advantage） They set a clear goal to take advantage of every opportunity and never give up. 19. 培养能力和获取知识同样重要。（as...as） Developing our ability is as important as acquiring knowledge. 20. 虽然我们在性格上不同，但我们仍然是不错的朋友。（different） Even though we are different from each other in the character, we are still great friends. 21. 我们应当努力节约任何有用的东西，为建设节约型社会作贡献。（contribution） We should try to save everything useful to make contributions to an economized society. 22. 然而一开始，对我来说，要记住他们每个人的名字很困难。（it作形式主语） In the beginning , however, it was tough for me to remember everyone's name. 23. 她认为这篇课文很容易理解。（find＋宾语＋宾补） She found the passage easy to understand . 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A（课文改编填空） Welcome to senior high school! I can't wait to tell you what senior high school life is like.Senior high school life is full of challenges and 1 opportunities (opportunity). When you rise to these challenges, you will find that your time and effort will open the door to your potential. Potential is a natural ability that can 2 be developed (develop) with your efforts.While developing as a student and as a person, you will discover your potential and make 3 a difference to society.4 To realize (realize) your potential,you need to make the most of your school resources. It is 5 equally (equal) important for you to develop good habits, such as planning your study,6 setting (set) clear goals and balancing your schoolwork 7 with other activities. Meanwhile, 8 to face (face) with difficulties, you'd better look on the bright side and have confidence in yourself , even in difficulty.9 As a famous saying goes,“A journey of a thousand miles 10 begins (begin) with a single step." You need to make great efforts to train your mind,develop your character and realize your potential. I do believe you will try your best and make us proud. B I've just finished my 1 first (one) day of senior high school and I really enjoyed it. I have been told that schoolwork will present 2 a bigger challenge in the years ahead,and 3 that the teachers will hold us to higher standards. This means I'll have to put a lot of effort into my studies. I'll also need to be very careful about balancing my schoolwork and 4 hobbies (hobby).This is all quite new and different 5 from my life at junior high school, but I'm sure I'll rise to all these challenges. In fact, I'm looking forward to being more 6 independent (dependent) and responsible for my own learning.There is so much knowledge I need to acquire, so I 7 will work (work) harder than ever. I also plan to take advantage of every opportunity 8 to improve (improve) my communication skills. I'll make friends by 9 joining (join) some clubs. I have confidence in my ability to do 10 better (good) at senior high school. C Have you ever asked yourself why children go to school? You will 1 probably (probable) say that they go to school to learn languages, maths, history,science and some other knowledge. That is quite true, but why do they learn these things? We send our children to school to prepare them 2 for the time when they will grow up and will have to work by themselves. Nearly everything they study at school has some practical uses in their lives. But is that 3 the only reason why they go to school? There is 4 more (much) in education than just 5 learning (learn) truths. People go to school to learn how to learn, so that when they leave school they can continue to learn. A man 6 who really knows how to learn will always be successful, because when he has to do something new, he will not only be able to do it well himself, but also be able 7 (teach) others how to do it in the best way. An 8 uneducated (educate) person, on the other hand, is probably either unable to do something new, or just 9 does (do) it badly. The purpose of schools,therefore,is not only to teach languages,maths,history,science, etc,but also teach 10 pupils (pupil) the way to learn. 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $