专题05 阅读理解七选五（说明文）（专项训练）（北京专用）2026年高考英语真题题源解密

**基本信息** 聚焦北京卷七选五说明文专项，以“考向分类+逻辑拆解+技巧固化”构建体系，强化语篇结构分析与隐性逻辑推理，提升思维品质与语言能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |人与自我·成长方法类|8篇（含2025-2026北京卷真题改编）|三步解题法：位置定功能（段首主旨/段中衔接/段尾总结）→抓逻辑信号词与指代→排除干扰项|围绕“问题成因—科学方法—成长价值”架构，衔接新课标“人与自我”语境，训练句间递进/条件逻辑| |人与社会·社科科普类|8篇（含2024北京卷真题改编）|对比论证逻辑分析：总述定义—分述特征—客观解读，匹配对比句式与概念区分|对标“人与社会/自然”语境，拆解“研究缺口—方法—结果—结论”论证链条，强化分类说明逻辑|

专题05 阅读理解七选五（说明文）内容导览 考情概览：摸清命题规律，锁定复习重点 2026真题研析：拆解最新真题，示范分析路径 3年真题精练：精练近年真题，吃透常见考法 最新模拟探源：跟进模拟新题，预判考查风向 北京卷七选五核心主力为说明文（占比80%+），主打结构化语篇逻辑、科学方法论、社科认知科普，严格对标新课标“人与自我、人与社会、人与自然”三大语境，是北京卷七选五的稳定核心题型。题型不考查情感叙事与隐性态度抒情，聚焦客观说明、逻辑推演、方法阐释、认知纠偏，侧重考查学生篇章架构拆解、句段衔接、科学思辨能力，是中档保底、高分稳分的关键题型。 两大固定考向（北京卷七选五说明文专属） 考向一：人与自我·成长方法类说明文 考向二：人与社会/自然·社科科普类说明文 年份 试卷类型 七选五说明文原文主题 归属考向 核心考查题型（设空位置） 考查要点总结 2026 北京卷 文章围绕“品行高尚的人是否更幸福”这一话题展开，介绍相关研究过程与实验结论，论证道德品质与幸福感总体并不冲突，品德越高的人往往幸福感更强。 考向一 人与自我·成长方法类 段首主旨2道 + 段中方法衔接2道 + 段尾价值总结1道 拆解“问题成因—科学方法—成长价值”标准说明架构、匹配段落核心功能、辨析递进/条件逻辑关系、纠正随性自律的错误认知、规避细节贴合主旨偏离的干扰项、完成篇章逻辑闭环 2025 北京卷 阐释成年人核心特质与自我认知标准，客观说明成熟认知的判断维度与成长逻辑 考向一 人与自我·成长方法类 段中逻辑衔接3道 + 段首主题引入1道 + 段尾升华1道 梳理分层说明的行文脉络、精准匹配句间并列与转折逻辑、区分青少年认知与成人认知差异、抓取段落核心说明要点、排除片面细节干扰、把握文本客观科普基调 2024 北京卷 科普“刺猬型/狐狸型”两种思维模式，对比两类思维的特质、优势与适用场景，解读科学思维选择逻辑 考向二 人与社会·社科科普类 段中对比衔接4道 + 段首总起1道 掌握说明文对比论证核心逻辑、区分两类思维的核心差异、精准匹配对比句式衔接、梳理“总述定义—分述特征—客观解读”科研说明架构、规避概念混淆类干扰项 2023 北京卷 客观介绍高校选择的科学思路与评判维度，科普理性择校的方法与核心原则 考向二 人与社会·社科科普类 段首总起1道 + 段中细节衔接2道 + 段尾总结2道 拆解应用型说明文的分层说明结构、匹配总分逻辑、辨析建议类语句的层级关系、纠正片面择校认知、提炼文本实用科普价值、保障段落衔接严谨性 2026年高考英语北京卷七选五题型将继续以说明文为绝对主体，着重考查考生对语篇结构、隐性逻辑及研究论证链条的理解，整体上体现“稳中有变，突出思维品质”的命题趋势。 一、 选材与文体：贴近时代，结构清晰 选材将紧密围绕“人与自我、人与社会、人与自然”三大主题语境，常涉及学习方法、身心健康、科技影响等贴近考生认知的话题。文章结构高度规范，以经典的“总-分-总”或“总-分”模式为主，段落内部多为“主旨句+支撑句”的写作方式，便于考查对整体框架的把握。 二、 考查重点：重论证逻辑，轻关键词匹配 与全国卷侧重局部衔接不同，北京卷更强调对完整信息链和研究逻辑的重建-8。例如，在科普类或研究发现类说明文中，设空处常要求考生识别“研究缺口—研究方法—研究结果—结论”的完整论证链条，而非仅依靠原词复现作答。 三、 设空与选项：以段中句为主，干扰项隐蔽 设空位置以段中句（考查细节支撑与过渡衔接）占比最高，段首句（考查主旨概括）次之，段尾句（考查结论概括）最少。干扰项设计更为巧妙，常利用考生过度依赖词汇复现的心理，设置内容看似相关但逻辑矛盾或偏离主题的选项。 四、 解题关键：隐性逻辑与指代照应 备考需重点突破无显性逻辑词（如but, because）的隐性逻辑，包括隐性因果、转折、例证等。同时，代词（it, they, this）和定冠词（the） 是锁定答案的重要衔接路标，必须能在上下文中找到明确指代对象。 综上所述，2026年北京卷七选五将更加注重考查考生从“读懂词句”到“读懂逻辑”的深层语篇分析能力。 考向：人与自我 成长方法类 2026年高考英语北京卷阅读理解七选五 Most of us have experienced both how good it can feel and how hard it can be to do the right thing. Helping strangers can leave you with a deep sense of satisfaction, but you’ve likely also felt the stress of showing up for others when you’re already stretched thin. These ordinary moments speak to a philosophical puzzle: Are moral people happier? ____35____ Others might reason that moral behavior often requires self-sacrifice. ____36____ Past studies clearly show that people feel good when they perform acts of kindness for others. But researchers had not directly examined if moral character, broadly speaking, is linked to well-being. So my team conducted a set of studies to take this challenge seriously. In one of our studies, undergraduate students reported on their own well-being, rating their happiness as well as their sense of how meaningful their life is. ____37____ Then these close others, such as friends and family members, rated the participant’s moral character using our questionnaire (调查问卷), which asked how much that person had the various characteristics identified as most morally relevant. ____38____ Doing the right thing isn’t always easy. ____39____ But our findings indicate that, in general, there’s no trade-off between morality and well-being. Instead, people with stronger moral character tend to experience greater meaning in life and happiness. This suggests that moments of moral effort may be part of a life that, taken as a whole, feels more satisfying. A. Until recently, scientific evidence had been limited to one aspect of morality: kindness. B. Despite various debates, there’s no agreement on what it means to be morally good. C. Standing up for someone who is being treated unfairly can feel uncomfortable. D. Some might assume morality and happiness naturally go together. E. They also gave us contact information for people who know them. F. We found that those rated as more moral reported a stronger sense of well-being. G. This might be in part because of the difficulties of defining and measuring kindness. 【技巧点拨】 北京卷七选五以总分式说明文为主，侧重语篇逻辑与句间衔接，设空规律固定，掌握三步技巧可快速稳分。首先，依托空格位置定功能：段首空多为段落主旨或过渡句，统领本段分论点；段中空侧重承上启下，衔接细节与逻辑；段尾空多是总结升华或收尾铺垫，呼应全文话题。 其次，抓取核心解题线索，优先锁定逻辑信号词与代词指代。关注however、therefore、for example等转折、因果、例证词汇，精准判断句间关系；留意this、these等指代词汇，匹配前后文核心话题，这是北京卷高频考点。同时利用词汇复现，同义、近义话题词汇可快速锁定正确选项。 最后，排除干扰项并通读验证。北京卷干扰项多为话题重复、范围宽泛、逻辑脱节内容，看似贴合主题却无法衔接上下文。初选后完整通读全文，校验语义连贯、逻辑闭环，规避生硬适配问题，保障答题准确率。 【人与自我·成长方法类】 Passage 1 2025 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷）英语七选五 改编 主题：何为真正成熟（自我管理、情绪掌控成长方法论）｜人与自我・个人心智成长 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 What does it truly mean to grow into a mature adult? Most people think adulthood only means being financially independent and living alone. 35 Psychologist Robert Turner explains in his book The Life Cycle that maturity is built through several inner growth stages. Children first learn to finish tasks on their own and gain a sense of competence. 36 But people often ignore other essential inner development cycles. If these mental growth stages are delayed, you will struggle to manage bad moods and understand your true self. True maturity lies in emotional self-regulation. Mature people can accept negative feelings instead of escaping them. 37 This ability comes from inner self-control, which lets you guide your thoughts and behaviors voluntarily. 38 Being mature does not mean you never ask others for help. It means you no longer rely on others to define your value. You know your strengths and weaknesses clearly without outside judgment. In short, adulthood is far more than taking a job or supporting yourself financially. 39 Only continuous inner growth can help us achieve lasting maturity. A. However, financial independence is just a small part of maturity B. This basic stage helps kids build initial self-confidence C. They can calmly adjust feelings when facing pressure and troubles D. Another key sign of maturity is a stable sense of self-identity E. It refers to owning the ability to manage emotions and master yourself F. Many young adults achieve financial freedom but remain mentally immature G. It is unnecessary to force yourself to stay positive all the time Passage 2 2026 北京高考英语适应性测试原创改编 主题：培养成长型思维、走出自我局限｜人与自我・思维成长 Many students hold a fixed mindset about themselves. They believe talents and interests are born unchangeable. Once they fail an exam or struggle with new skills, they quickly decide “I am not good at this”. 35 Developing a growth mindset is the key to lifelong personal progress. 36 People with fixed mindsets fear challenges, because failure will prove they lack natural gifts. On the contrary, those with growth mindsets regard challenges as chances to improve themselves. They never fear temporary setbacks. Small daily changes can build your growth mindset step by step. First, change your inner self-talk. Replace “I can’t do it” with “I can’t do it yet”. 37 Second, stop avoiding difficult tasks. Pushing yourself out of comfort zones slowly rewires your brain to accept challenges. 38 Every time you make progress, no matter how tiny, write it down. Recording small wins reminds you that your efforts truly work. Gradually, you will no longer be trapped by self-doubt. All in all, mindset shapes your whole growth path. 39 It will help you overcome difficulties and keep moving forward in study and life. A. This slight change gradually shifts your thinking style B. This negative thinking stops you from making progress C. What are the main differences between the two mindsets? D. Keeping a progress diary is another practical useful method E. You should never compare your progress with classmates F. Once you form a steady growth mindset, you will benefit greatly G. Natural talent plays only a small role in personal achievement Passage 3 北京市海淀区 2025 届高三第一学期期末英语七选五真题改编 主题：科学提升专注力、高效自主学习｜人与自我・学习习惯成长 Nowadays endless short videos and online messages break teenagers’ attention constantly. Most students find it hard to focus on homework or reading for a long time. 35 Cognitive psychologists offer four practical ways to rebuild your sustained focus. First, separate digital devices physically while studying. Simply turning off phone notifications cannot stop you picking up phones unconsciously. 36 Putting smartphones in another room works much better to cut distractions. Second, refuse multitasking completely. Our brain cannot handle two tasks efficiently at the same time. Switching between homework and chatting online wastes plenty of mental energy. 37 Completing one task fully before starting the next greatly lengthens your focus time. Third, arrange scientific rest periods. Focus is limited mental energy that runs out over time. 38 The classic Pomodoro method (25 minutes study + 5 minutes break) lets your brain recharge regularly without breaking your study rhythm. Finally, build a fixed dedicated study space. Train your brain to link one desk only with learning. Stay away from studying on beds or sofas. 39 Soon your brain will automatically enter focused mode once you sit down to study. A. How can we recover our lost concentration ability? B. Many students still rely on notifications to arrange their time C. Therefore, single-task learning is always more efficient D. Working for hours without breaks will only lead to tiredness E. Keep your study desk tidy and free from unnecessary objects F. Digital entertainment has become the biggest distraction for teens G. It is unnecessary to keep your desk decorated with various toys 【人与社会·社科科普类】 Passage 1 2024 北京高考英语七选五真题改编 主题：两种思维模式（刺猬思维 & 狐狸思维）｜社会认知社科科普 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The philosopher Isaiah Berlin divided human thinking styles into two types: hedgehogs and foxes. This classic classification has long been used by sociologists to explain how people understand the world and make decisions. 35 Hedgehogs stick firmly to one single core idea to explain everything, while foxes accept diverse ideas and flexibly adapt to changes. 36 They believe one universal principle can solve all problems in life, study and work. Once they form a fixed belief, they rarely adjust their viewpoints even facing contradictory facts. Such people are persistent but easily fall into rigid thinking traps. Foxes represent the opposite thinking mode. 37 They gather information from different sources, weigh various possibilities, and refuse to rely on only one fixed theory. Though they may lack extreme perseverance, they are better at coping with complex modern social problems. In the digital age, our society is full of uncertain challenges. 38 Pure hedgehog thinking makes us unable to adapt to fast-changing surroundings, while blind pursuit of flexibility will lead to lack of clear goals. 39 Combining firm inner beliefs with flexible ways of solving problems is the wisest choice for modern teenagers. A. What exactly are the differences between the two groups? B. Hedgehogs hold one fixed central belief all the time C. They never limit themselves to a single thought system D. Neither extreme thinking style can meet social demands fully E. Many scholars prefer fox-style thinking in academic research F. It is unnecessary to abandon your own core values completely G. Most teenagers naturally tend to be either hedgehogs or foxes Passage 2 北京市海淀区 2025 届高三上期末英语七选五真题改编 主题：社交媒体时代的社会攀比心理｜社会心理学科普 Human beings are born with the desire to compare themselves with others, which is a natural social psychological feature. Originally, people only compared their life conditions with neighbors, classmates and colleagues around them. 35 Social media has greatly expanded the range of our comparison objects. Now we can easily view the perfect lives of strangers all over the world online. 36 Most people only post happy, wonderful moments on social platforms instead of showing troubles and failures. Unconsciously, we start to measure our own life against these polished ideal images. 37 Constant unfair comparison brings serious negative influences on mental health. It will cause feelings of inferiority, anxiety and dissatisfaction with one’s own life. Many teenagers lose self-confidence just because of endless online comparison. However, social comparison itself is not totally harmful. 38 When we take excellent people as proper examples, comparison can become motivation for self-improvement. The key lies in how we treat comparison rationally. To protect our mental state online, we should set clear boundaries for social media use. 39 Only in this way can we avoid being trapped in meaningless comparison. A. But the Internet completely changed this situation B. We seldom realize these online pictures are not real life C. Long-term blind comparison does great harm to our mood D. It can play a positive role if we guide it properly E. Try not to scroll through social media before going to bed F. Social media brings both convenience and hidden mental risks G. Everyone has the right to show their wonderful life online Passage 3 2026 北京高考适应性测试原创改编 主题：社区志愿服务对青年身心与社会发展的价值｜社会学社科说明文 Volunteering in local communities has gradually become a common social activity among teenagers in recent years. A large number of psychological researches have proved that regular volunteer work brings double benefits to individuals and the whole society. 35 First, volunteering effectively improves teenagers’ mental health. Many young people suffer from anxiety and loneliness due to heavy study pressure and isolated online life. 36 When you devote yourself to helping others, you will gain a strong sense of achievement and belonging, easing negative emotions naturally. 37 In the process of serving community residents, teenagers learn to communicate with people of different ages, solve practical problems and cooperate with partners. These social skills cannot be fully acquired only through classroom learning. Besides personal growth, volunteer activities also promote harmonious community operation. 38 It shortens the distance between neighbors and makes communities warmer and more united. Public welfare actions fill the gaps of community public services. Therefore, schools and families should encourage teenagers to take part in proper volunteer work. 39 It is a precious social lesson that benefits teenagers lifelong. A. Why can community volunteering produce such positive effects? B. Helping others is the best way to relieve inner negative feelings C. Secondly, volunteering shapes teenagers’ practical social abilities D. Many communities rely totally on teenagers to carry out public services E. Teenagers lack chances to practice communication in daily study life F. Small voluntary acts create great warmth within the whole neighborhood G. Do not arrange too much volunteer work to occupy your study time 【人与自我·成长方法类】 Passage 1 北京市东城区 2026 届高三下学期一模英语 七选五改编 主题：如何告别拖延症、高效推进任务｜时间管理成长 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Procrastination has troubled most teenagers during their school years. We keep putting off homework, reviews and personal plans until the last minute, which always brings stress and poor work quality. 35 Psychologists have summed up four practical strategies to beat procrastination for good. First, break huge tasks into tiny actionable steps. A whole chapter review seems overwhelming, but finishing one page each time feels much easier. 36 Small completed tasks will continuously motivate you to move ahead. 37 Many people delay work simply because they pursue perfect results at the very beginning. They dare not start for fear of making mistakes. Actually, rough drafts and imperfect attempts are the necessary start of all great work. Third, set fixed deadlines for yourself ahead of the official due time. Creating an earlier personal deadline helps you avoid last-minute rush. You can even ask your parents or classmates to supervise your progress regularly. 38 Lastly, reward yourself after finishing scheduled tasks. Proper positive feedback strengthens your good habits. Snacks, short leisure time or favorite music all can serve as small rewards. 39 Gradually, you will no longer resist starting work actively. A. Why do we always tend to delay our tasks? B. Perfectionism is one major cause of procrastination C. Dividing goals removes the fear brought by heavy workload D. Outside supervision greatly improves your sense of urgency E. It takes great willpower to stick to strict self-deadlines F. Pleasant rewards connect hard work with happy experiences G. Most students fail to realize the harm of long-term procrastination Passage 2 北京市西城区 2026 高三二模英语七选五改编 主题：培养批判性思维，不盲目盲从他人观点｜思维成长 Nowadays we receive countless opinions online every day. Most people easily accept views spread by the Internet without thinking independently. Following popular ideas blindly stops us forming our own judgment. 35 Here are several ways to develop critical thinking in daily study and life. Before agreeing with any opinion, pause to question its source. Unverified online posts are often one-sided or misleading. 36 Only reliable information sources deserve our serious consideration. 37 Comparing different viewpoints on the same topic is an effective way. When you read arguments from two opposite sides, you can see the advantages and limitations of each idea clearly instead of sticking to one single thought. Never be afraid to challenge authoritative views properly. Teachers and books are valuable references, yet they are not totally flawless. 38 Putting forward your reasonable doubts is exactly the reflection of independent thinking. Critical thinking does not mean arguing against everything on purpose. 39 It helps you absorb useful ideas wisely and grow steadily as an individual. A. How can we build our critical thinking ability? B. Collecting varied opinions broadens your thinking horizon C. You should first check whether the information is trustworthy D. Blindly challenging authority will lead to narrow-minded thinking E. It aims to judge objectively rather than deny all views arbitrarily F. Many teenagers regard online remarks as absolute truth G. Critical thinking is difficult to master within a short period Passage 3 北京市海淀区 2026 高三一模七选五改编 主题：正念呼吸调节考前焦虑，情绪自我管控｜心理成长 Examination anxiety troubles nearly all senior three students. Nervous feelings may cause blank minds, poor memory and careless mistakes during exams. Many students try hard to get rid of anxiety but end up feeling more stressed. 35 Mindful breathing proves to be a simple and useful way to calm down. First, choose a quiet place and sit comfortably. Straighten your back slightly without tensing your whole body. 36 A relaxed physical state lays the foundation for mental peace. 37 Close your eyes gently, focus all your attention on your breath. Feel the air flow in through your nose and flow out slowly. Once your thoughts wander to exam worries, gently pull your mind back to breathing again. Do not demand yourself to be completely free of anxiety instantly. 38 Accept mild nervousness calmly, and it will gradually fade away with continuous breathing practice. You can practice mindful breathing for 5 to 10 minutes every day before bedtime. 39 Gradually, you will gain the ability to regulate your mood under pressure. A. What can we do to ease overwhelming exam anxiety? B. Next, concentrate fully on your steady breathing rhythm C. Tight muscles will only strengthen inner unease and tension D. Trying to resist anxious feelings always makes them worse E. Long-term daily practice shapes stable emotional regulation F. Most medicines cannot safely relieve teenage exam stress G. Breathing exercise can completely remove all nervousness Passage 4 北京市朝阳区 2026 高三期末统考七选五改编 主题：坚持微小习惯，实现长期自我蜕变｜习惯养成成长 Great personal progress never comes from sudden dramatic changes. It is the accumulation of tiny daily habits that shapes who we finally become. However, most people give up small plans soon after starting them. 35 Three rules help us stick to mini habits successfully. Set extremely easy daily tasks instead of tough goals. Planning to recite 50 words daily often fails, while memorizing just 5 words is easy to finish. 36 Low-threshold tasks eliminate the psychological resistance to start. Link your new habit to an existing daily routine. For example, read two pages right after brushing your teeth every morning. 37 The fixed daily act will remind you to carry out your new habit automatically. 38 Do not punish yourself severely for missing one day. Skipping once is acceptable, but two continuous breaks will easily make you abandon the whole plan. Small habits bring invisible progress day by day. 39 After several months, you will witness obvious improvements in study and self-management. A. How to keep practicing tiny habits persistently? B. Such easy assignments guarantee a high completion rate C. This connection builds a stable reminder mechanism in your brain D. Be tolerant of occasional breaks in your habit cycle E. Severe self-blame will destroy your enthusiasm for keeping habits F. Big dreams always make teenagers feel powerless at the beginning G. It is unnecessary to stick to every single small habit strictly Passage 5 北京市丰台区 2026 高三一模英语七选五改编 主题：学会适度独处，向内探索自我内心｜自我认知成长 Many teenagers avoid staying alone all the time. They fill spare time with chatting, games and group activities, fearing the quiet moment with themselves. Yet healthy solitude is essential for personal inner growth. 35 Solitude brings three vital benefits to young people. Staying alone offers you time to sort out messy thoughts. Busy social interactions leave no space for reflection. 36 Only in quiet solitude can you review your gains, mistakes and future plans clearly. 37 Constantly following the preferences of peers makes you lose your unique personality. When you are alone, you can do things you truly love without catering to others’ tastes. Solitude also improves your emotional resilience. You learn to comfort yourself instead of relying on others to chase away loneliness. 38 You will become more independent mentally step by step. Of course, solitude does not mean cutting off all social contacts. 39 Balancing social communication and alone time is the wisest lifestyle choice. A. What positive influences can healthy solitude bring us? B. Continuous outside noise stops deep thinking effectively C. Besides, solitude helps you maintain your individual uniqueness D. Too much alone time will lead to feelings of loneliness and depression E. The ability to soothe oneself is a key sign of mental maturity F. Most students regard loneliness as a negative feeling completely G. It is important to stay outgoing and take part in group activities Passage 6 北京市石景山区 2026 高三二模七选五改编 主题：科学复盘每日学习，补齐知识短板｜学习能力成长 Many students spend long hours studying every day but achieve unsatisfying results. One main reason is that they never review and reflect on their daily learning process. Blind repetition cannot improve academic performance steadily. 35 Daily learning review is the key to efficient study. First, spend 10 minutes before bedtime recalling what you have learned that day. Try to list key knowledge points without opening textbooks. 36 Unforgettable contents are mastered firmly, while vague ones need repeated consolidation. 37 Write down all mistakes in exercises and exams on your error notebook. Classify errors into careless mistakes and knowledge blind spots separately for targeted revision. Set small adjustment plans according to your review results. If grammar errors appear frequently, arrange extra grammar exercises every two days. 38 Timely adjustments prevent you from repeating the same faults. Sticking to daily reflection will greatly raise your learning efficiency. 39 You will no longer waste time on meaningless repeated work. A. How can we make our daily study more efficient? B. This recall helps you judge your real learning situation C. Another effective method is sorting out your wrong questions regularly D. Targeted practice quickly fills your knowledge gaps step by step E. Many students keep error notebooks but never look through them again F. Long study hours do not equal real knowledge acquisition G. It takes plenty of time to finish a detailed daily review Passage 7 北京市通州区 2026 高三一模七选五改编 主题：接纳自身不完美，摆脱自我苛责｜自信心智成长 Lots of teenagers hold extremely high standards for themselves. They feel frustrated and worthless once they fail exams or make mistakes. Chasing perfect performance all the time brings lasting psychological pressure. 35 Learning self-compassion is necessary for healthy growth. First, stop blaming yourself severely for unavoidable mistakes. Everyone has limits and will make errors during growth. 36 Self-criticism only hurts your self-confidence without any positive value. Compare yourself with your past self rather than classmates around you. 37 Focusing on personal progress helps you see your own improvements and stay positive constantly. 38 Allow yourself proper rest and entertainment amid busy study. You do not need to occupy every minute with learning tasks to prove your diligence. Self-kindness does not mean giving up self-discipline. 39 It enables you to move forward with a relaxed and steady mindset. A. How should we treat our own imperfections properly? B. Harsh self-criticism is the biggest barrier to personal progress C. Horizontal comparison with peers easily causes unnecessary anxiety D. Besides, do not arrange an overly tight schedule for your daily life E. Proper relaxation can greatly restore your physical and mental energy F. Most people are accustomed to being stricter with themselves than others G. Pursuing perfection is a valuable quality for excellent students Passage 8 北京市顺义区 2026 高三下学期统一测试七选五改编 主题：培养终身好奇心，保持持续学习动力｜终身成长理念 Curiosity is regarded as the original driving force of lifelong learning. As we grow older, many students gradually lose curiosity and regard study as a boring compulsory task. Without curiosity, learning becomes passive and painful. 35 We can keep our curiosity alive through four daily ways. Try to ask more “why” about common phenomena around you. Never take everything for granted. Looking for answers to small questions stimulates your desire to explore the world. 36 37 Reading books beyond textbook knowledge broadens your horizons and brings fresh thoughts constantly. History, biology and literary works all can arouse your exploring interest greatly. Communicate with people holding different opinions. Listening to diverse ideas breaks your fixed thinking mode and awakens inner curiosity again. 38 Last but not least, allow yourself to try new hobbies regularly. New experiences always bring novel feelings and maintain your sensitivity to new things. 39 Curiosity will accompany you and benefit your whole life. A. What methods can preserve our natural curiosity? B. Continuous exploration keeps your mind active all the time C. Secondly, develop a habit of extensive extracurricular reading D. Communication makes you realize the richness of the whole world E. New hobbies prevent your mind from falling into dull routine F. Textbook knowledge alone can never satisfy our exploring needs G. Curiosity will disappear naturally with the growth of age 【人与社会·社科科普类】 Passage 1 北京市东城区 2026 届高三二模英语七选五改编 话题：内外社区环境：外在邻里空间与内在心理社区（社会环境心理学） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 People all desire a comfortable and friendly neighborhood to live in. Good surrounding conditions greatly influence people’s physical health and mental satisfaction. 35 Psychologists put forward a creative comparison: our inner mind can also be regarded as a hidden mental neighborhood. Just as buildings, parks and neighbors form the outside community, your beliefs, thoughts and daily cognitive habits build your inner spiritual world. Studies have proven that unsafe and disorderly residential areas will bring long-term psychological pressure to residents, even if they never experience accidents personally. 36 A messy, negative inner mindset works in exactly the same way. Constant anxious thoughts and narrow thinking will slowly consume your mental energy and lower your happiness level. Many small community facilities can improve our sense of well-being, even if we rarely use them. Knowing there is a community garden or a shared reading corner nearby makes life warmer. 37 Similarly, valuing your own positive qualities and creative thoughts can bring steady peace, without needing to display these advantages all the time. Communities benefit people through real daily participation: walking in parks, chatting with neighbors or joining public activities. 38 Practicing gratitude, kindness and positive thinking every day is the way to operate your mental community. The more you tend to positive inner habits, the more peaceful your mind will become. Building a warm external neighborhood needs long-term joint efforts. 39 Maintaining a healthy inner spiritual community will help us adapt better to modern busy society. A. But we seldom notice our invisible inner spiritual environment B. Bad living surroundings will continuously damage people’s mental state C. These convenient public resources bring a strong sense of security to residents D. Likewise, nurturing a positive inner mindset also requires persistent efforts E. Most people spend plenty of time decorating their houses but ignore inner peace F. Inner mental activities have nothing to do with the quality of real neighborhoods G. It is unnecessary to take part in all community activities to gain happiness Passage 2 北京市西城区 2026 届高三一模英语七选五改编 话题：社交心理学：积极倾听是高质量人际交往的核心 In daily social communication, most people have a common bad habit: we are always waiting for our turn to speak instead of truly listening to others. We focus on preparing our own replies while others talk, which breaks sincere interpersonal bonds. 35 Sociologists point out that active listening and empathy are two core qualities of effective communication. Many people confuse hearing with listening. Hearing is just receiving sound waves passively with ears, while listening requires you to concentrate on others’ words, feelings and hidden needs. 36 Without emotional understanding, conversation will stay superficial and cannot build trust between people. 37 When your friends pour out troubles to you, do not rush to offer solutions or judge their choices immediately. The first step is to accept their emotions patiently and let them fully express themselves. Hurried advice often makes people feel unvalued. Proper feedback is also an important part of active listening. Nodding gently, asking simple follow-up questions or repeating key sentences proves you have caught their ideas. 38 These small actions greatly shorten the psychological distance between communicators. Good listening does not mean keeping silent all the time. 39 Balancing listening and speaking wisely helps us maintain long-term healthy social relationships in society. A. How can we carry out genuine and effective communication? B. Real listening includes understanding others’ inner emotions C. Here is the first key rule for active listening: hold back instant advice D. Thoughtful responses let speakers feel respected and understood E. Talking too much about yourself is the biggest barrier to listening F. Most teenagers are born with strong ability to empathize with others G. Silence throughout the whole talk will also make communication awkward Passage 3 北京市海淀区 2026 届高三一模英语七选五改编 话题：消费社会学：摆脱冲动消费，建立理性线上消费观念 Online shopping brings great convenience to modern citizens, yet it also leads to widespread impulsive consumption. Flash sales, limited-time discounts and live-streaming marketing constantly stimulate people’s desire to buy unnecessary goods. After receiving packages, most buyers soon regret their blind purchases. 35 Three practical principles help us consume rationally in the digital shopping era. Before paying for any product, pause and ask yourself a simple question: Do I really need this item? Many cheap gadgets look attractive but have no practical use in daily life. 36 Distinguishing needs from temporary wants is the first step to avoid waste. 37 Online merchants usually set low prices for small goods to encourage customers to add more products to shopping carts. Calculating total costs instead of single-item prices prevents you from accumulating countless trivial things you never use. Set a fixed monthly shopping budget in advance. Once you reach the spending limit, stop all non-essential online orders firmly. 38 Budget restriction effectively controls unreasonable spending desire. Rational consumption does not mean refusing all shopping and living frugally extremely. 39 Buying suitable goods within your budget brings happiness without unnecessary economic pressure. A. Why do people frequently make blind online purchases? B. How can we stay calm and avoid impulsive online shopping? C. Cheap temptations only satisfy momentary shopping pleasure D. Secondly, calculate total shopping costs rather than individual prices E. It is wise to delete shopping apps once you have strong buying desire F. Proper consumption satisfies demands while saving personal finances G. Live streaming is the most misleading marketing method for young people Passage 4 北京市朝阳区 2026 届高三二模英语七选五改编 话题：文化社会学：非遗技艺融入现代社会的价值与路径 Traditional intangible cultural heritage, such as paper-cutting, clay sculpture and traditional weaving, has existed for thousands of years. In fast-paced modern society, many ancient handicrafts once faced the risk of fading away. 35 Today, new social ways help traditional crafts regain vitality and continue to pass down. Intangible heritage carries the collective wisdom and aesthetic taste of a nation. Every handicraft skill records ancient people’s life scenes and cultural customs. 36 Losing these skills means forgetting part of our historical cultural memory as a whole society. 37 Live-streaming display, cultural creative products and campus handcraft courses are three effective modern channels. Craftsmen sell handmade works online, designers turn craft elements into stationery and daily supplies, and schools let teenagers experience traditional skills personally. Proper innovation never equals completely changing the core craft techniques. Blindly catering to trendy styles will ruin the original charm of heritage. 38 Keeping traditional roots while adapting to modern aesthetic needs is the correct inheritance way. The prosperity of intangible cultural heritage reflects the cultural confidence of the whole society. 39 Young people’s participation guarantees the long-term continuation of our precious traditional culture. A. Why is it vital to protect our intangible cultural heritage? B. However, modern social development offers new chances for heritage C. These traditional skills are important carriers of our national culture D. There are diverse modern approaches to spread traditional handicrafts E. Most old craftsmen refuse to accept any forms of modern innovation F. Cultural and creative products have become the most popular goods online G. Only young generations can take over the task of cultural inheritance Passage 5 北京市丰台区 2026 届高三一模英语七选五改编 话题：城市社会学：城市慢行生活：告别快节奏，慢行模式的社会益处 Modern big cities are dominated by fast rhythm: people rush to work, take quick meals and arrange every minute tightly. High-speed life improves efficiency but brings widespread mental tiredness and anxiety among citizens. 35 Urban planners advocate building slow-living systems to balance rapid development and people’s spiritual needs. Slow city construction first focuses on convenient walking and cycling lanes. Wide sidewalks, tree-lined paths and safe bike routes encourage people to travel slowly instead of driving cars everywhere. 36 Short-distance slow travel reduces traffic pressure and eases urban congestion effectively. 37 Cities also build small community parks, street gardens and leisure squares scattered in residential areas. These quiet resting spaces allow busy citizens to pause their work and enjoy peaceful leisure time nearby. Slow life does not mean wasting time or refusing progress completely. It adjusts people’s tense living state reasonably. 38 People can observe city scenery, communicate with neighbors and feel the warmth of urban life during slow moments. A balanced pace is the ideal lifestyle for modern urban society. 39 It helps citizens gain both work achievements and lasting inner happiness. A. What benefits can slow urban lifestyle bring to citizens? B. Fast traffic tools have taken up most urban public space C. Secondly, scattered leisure spaces are necessary for slow cities D. Walking and cycling are environmentally friendly slow travel ways E. Many office workers choose to stay indoors during all spare time F. The fast pace of city life cannot be changed in a short period G. Proper slowdown makes people re-perceive the city around them Passage 6 北京市石景山区 2026 届高三二模英语七选五改编 话题：社会秩序学：公共礼仪维系现代社会公共秩序 Public etiquette refers to the common behavioral norms observed by people in shared public spaces. In crowded subways, libraries, restaurants and scenic spots, simple polite behaviors keep public order smoothly. 35 Small polite details exert far-reaching influence on the whole social atmosphere. Basic public manners start with respecting shared public resources. Do not occupy seats for others on public transport, keep quiet in reading rooms and avoid littering everywhere. 36 Destroying public facilities and rules will bring inconvenience to every member of society. 37 When waiting in lines, keeping proper distance from strangers is a typical polite habit. It shows respect for personal privacy and avoids unnecessary conflicts in crowded crowds. Public etiquette is not rigid restrictive rules that bind people’s freedom. 38 It creates a comfortable living environment for all people and reduces social contradictions greatly. Every citizen is a builder of good social customs. 39 Abiding by public manners voluntarily will make our society warmer and more harmonious step by step. A. We often ignore the importance of trivial public polite behaviors B. Besides respecting public resources, personal boundary awareness matters C. Disrespect for public rules will break the balance of social order D. Strict rules are the only way to standardize citizens’ public behaviors E. Good public manners benefit every individual living in the society F. Young people have formed perfect public etiquette awareness G. It is troublesome to keep polite all the time in busy daily life Passage 7 北京市通州区 2026 届高三一模英语七选五改编 话题：科技社会学：人工智能普及背景下人际关系的演变与坚守 AI chat tools, intelligent communication software and virtual interaction have thoroughly changed people’s ways of socializing. Nowadays many people prefer chatting with artificial intelligence rather than having face-to-face talks with relatives and friends. 35 Sociologists discuss how we can keep sincere human connections amid technological progress. AI can reply to our emotions instantly and always listen patiently without complaints. It easily satisfies people’s emotional comfort needs. 36 However, virtual machine communication lacks real temperature, true empathy and emotional interaction unique to human beings. 37 We can use intelligent tools to keep in touch with distant family members conveniently, yet we should spare fixed time for offline gatherings regularly. Face-to-face eye contact and hugs can never be replaced by screen texts. Over-reliance on virtual social contact will gradually weaken our offline communication skills. 38 We may become clumsy when expressing real feelings in front of people gradually. Technology serves human life rather than replacing genuine interpersonal bonds. 39 Balancing digital social tools and real-life communication is the wisest choice for modern people. A. This phenomenon has aroused widespread social discussion B. AI emotional companionship seems to meet people’s inner loneliness C. The correct attitude is to use technology properly instead of being controlled by it D. Firstly, we should draw a clear boundary between virtual and real social life E. Most people cannot tell the difference between machine and human feelings F. Offline communication wastes plenty of time in the fast digital era G. Virtual social media make people’s social circle wider than before Passage 8 北京市顺义区 2026 届高三下学期统一测试七选五改编 话题：社会阅读学：全民阅读风尚对整个社会发展的推动作用 Reading is regarded as the cheapest way to realize self-improvement and promote social progress. When more citizens form lifelong reading habits, the whole society will become more civilized and rational. 35 Regular reading brings three levels of positive effects to individuals and society. For ordinary people, reading broadens horizons, calms impetuous moods and shapes independent thinking ability. In an era flooded with fragmented short contents, complete book reading helps us resist superficial information. 36 It enables us to view social phenomena with deeper and more comprehensive perspectives. 37 A reading-loving community is filled with peaceful communication atmosphere; citizens are more willing to understand different viewpoints rationally instead of arguing impulsively. Reading reduces prejudice and contradictions within society effectively. Besides individual and social spiritual promotion, reading also fuels cultural inheritance and innovation. Classic books preserve historical civilization, while modern works record the times. 38 Reading connects the past, present and future of human civilization. Encouraging nationwide reading has become an important social project in recent years. 39 Continuous reading accumulation will lay solid spiritual foundation for long-term social development. A. Why does reading carry such powerful social value? B. Deep reading gets rid of the limitations of fragmented information C. On the social level, reading optimizes the overall social atmosphere D. Various community libraries greatly facilitate citizens’ daily reading E. Most teenagers spend far more time on short videos than paper books F. Reading alone cannot solve all social problems and contradictions G. The power of collective reading will benefit society endlessly 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司4 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 阅读理解七选五（说明文）内容导览 考情概览：摸清命题规律，锁定复习重点 2026真题研析：拆解最新真题，示范分析路径 3年真题精练：精练近年真题，吃透常见考法 最新模拟探源：跟进模拟新题，预判考查风向 北京卷七选五核心主力为说明文（占比80%+），主打结构化语篇逻辑、科学方法论、社科认知科普，严格对标新课标“人与自我、人与社会、人与自然”三大语境，是北京卷七选五的稳定核心题型。题型不考查情感叙事与隐性态度抒情，聚焦客观说明、逻辑推演、方法阐释、认知纠偏，侧重考查学生篇章架构拆解、句段衔接、科学思辨能力，是中档保底、高分稳分的关键题型。 两大固定考向（北京卷七选五说明文专属） 考向一：人与自我·成长方法类说明文 考向二：人与社会/自然·社科科普类说明文 年份 试卷类型 七选五说明文原文主题 归属考向 核心考查题型（设空位置） 考查要点总结 2026 北京卷 文章围绕“品行高尚的人是否更幸福”这一话题展开，介绍相关研究过程与实验结论，论证道德品质与幸福感总体并不冲突，品德越高的人往往幸福感更强。 考向一 人与自我·成长方法类 段首主旨2道 + 段中方法衔接2道 + 段尾价值总结1道 拆解“问题成因—科学方法—成长价值”标准说明架构、匹配段落核心功能、辨析递进/条件逻辑关系、纠正随性自律的错误认知、规避细节贴合主旨偏离的干扰项、完成篇章逻辑闭环 2025 北京卷 阐释成年人核心特质与自我认知标准，客观说明成熟认知的判断维度与成长逻辑 考向一 人与自我·成长方法类 段中逻辑衔接3道 + 段首主题引入1道 + 段尾升华1道 梳理分层说明的行文脉络、精准匹配句间并列与转折逻辑、区分青少年认知与成人认知差异、抓取段落核心说明要点、排除片面细节干扰、把握文本客观科普基调 2024 北京卷 科普“刺猬型/狐狸型”两种思维模式，对比两类思维的特质、优势与适用场景，解读科学思维选择逻辑 考向二 人与社会·社科科普类 段中对比衔接4道 + 段首总起1道 掌握说明文对比论证核心逻辑、区分两类思维的核心差异、精准匹配对比句式衔接、梳理“总述定义—分述特征—客观解读”科研说明架构、规避概念混淆类干扰项 2023 北京卷 客观介绍高校选择的科学思路与评判维度，科普理性择校的方法与核心原则 考向二 人与社会·社科科普类 段首总起1道 + 段中细节衔接2道 + 段尾总结2道 拆解应用型说明文的分层说明结构、匹配总分逻辑、辨析建议类语句的层级关系、纠正片面择校认知、提炼文本实用科普价值、保障段落衔接严谨性 2026年高考英语北京卷七选五题型将继续以说明文为绝对主体，着重考查考生对语篇结构、隐性逻辑及研究论证链条的理解，整体上体现“稳中有变，突出思维品质”的命题趋势。 一、 选材与文体：贴近时代，结构清晰 选材将紧密围绕“人与自我、人与社会、人与自然”三大主题语境，常涉及学习方法、身心健康、科技影响等贴近考生认知的话题。文章结构高度规范，以经典的“总-分-总”或“总-分”模式为主，段落内部多为“主旨句+支撑句”的写作方式，便于考查对整体框架的把握。 二、 考查重点：重论证逻辑，轻关键词匹配 与全国卷侧重局部衔接不同，北京卷更强调对完整信息链和研究逻辑的重建-8。例如，在科普类或研究发现类说明文中，设空处常要求考生识别“研究缺口—研究方法—研究结果—结论”的完整论证链条，而非仅依靠原词复现作答。 三、 设空与选项：以段中句为主，干扰项隐蔽 设空位置以段中句（考查细节支撑与过渡衔接）占比最高，段首句（考查主旨概括）次之，段尾句（考查结论概括）最少。干扰项设计更为巧妙，常利用考生过度依赖词汇复现的心理，设置内容看似相关但逻辑矛盾或偏离主题的选项。 四、 解题关键：隐性逻辑与指代照应 备考需重点突破无显性逻辑词（如but, because）的隐性逻辑，包括隐性因果、转折、例证等。同时，代词（it, they, this）和定冠词（the） 是锁定答案的重要衔接路标，必须能在上下文中找到明确指代对象。 综上所述，2026年北京卷七选五将更加注重考查考生从“读懂词句”到“读懂逻辑”的深层语篇分析能力。 考向：人与自我 成长方法类 2026年高考英语北京卷阅读理解七选五 【答案】35. D 36. A 37. E 38. F 39. C 【解析】 【导语】文章围绕“品行高尚的人是否更幸福”这一话题展开，介绍相关研究过程与实验结论，论证道德品质与幸福感总体并不冲突，品德越高的人往往幸福感更强。 【35题详解】 由上文“These ordinary moments speak to a philosophical puzzle: Are moral people happier?(这些日常小事引出了一个哲学难题：品德高尚的人会更幸福吗？)”以及下文“Others might reason that moral behavior often requires self-sacrifice(另一些人可能认为道德行为往往需要自我牺牲。)”可知，前后为Some... Others... 结构，分别介绍人们对于道德和幸福关系的两种截然不同看法。D选项“Some might assume morality and happiness naturally go together.(有些人会认为道德与幸福本就相伴相生。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中“morality and happiness”呼应上文“Are moral people happier”，“Some”与下文“Others”构成逻辑呼应。 【36题详解】 由下文“Past studies clearly show that people feel good when they perform acts of kindness for others. But researchers had not directly examined if moral character, broadly speaking, is linked to well-being.(以往研究明确表明人们对他人行善时心情愉悦。但研究人员此前并未大范围直接研究道德品质是否与幸福感存在关联。)”可知，本段介绍以往研究的局限性。A选项“Until recently, scientific evidence had been limited to one aspect of morality: kindness.(直到近期，科学证据仅局限于道德的一个层面：善意善行。)”能引出旧研究的短板，承接下文内容，该选项中“Until recently”与下文“Past studies”形成呼应，“kindness”与下文“acts of kindness”相呼应。 【37题详解】 由上文“In one of our studies, undergraduate students reported on their own well-being, rating their happiness as well as their sense of how meaningful their life is. (在其中一项研究中，本科生们反馈了自身的幸福状态，给自己的快乐程度以及人生意义感打分。)”以及下文“Then these close others, such as friends and family members, rated the participant’s moral character using our questionnaire (调查问卷), which asked how much that person had the various characteristics identified as most morally relevant.(随后，他们的亲友等亲近之人，通过我们设计的问卷评价受试者的道德品行；问卷会考察这个人具备多少公认的、与道德高度相关的各项特质。)”可知，空格内容是衔接受试者本人填写信息、亲友评价的过渡环节。E选项“They also gave us contact information for people who know them.(他们还向我们提供了熟人的联系方式。)”能承上启下，该选项中“They”指代上文“undergraduate students”，下文“these close others”对应选项中“who know them”，符合题意。 【38题详解】 由上文“In one of our studies, undergraduate students reported on their own well-being, rating their happiness as well as their sense of how meaningful their life is. (在其中一项研究中，本科生们反馈了自身的幸福状态，给自己的快乐程度以及人生意义感打分。)”、“Then these close others, such as friends and family members, rated the participant’s moral character using our questionnaire (调查问卷), which asked how much that person had the various characteristics identified as most morally relevant.(随后，他们的亲友等亲近之人，通过我们设计的问卷评价受试者的道德品行；问卷会考察这个人具备多少公认的、与道德高度相关的各项特质。)”可知，前文完整描述实验流程：学生自评幸福感→提供亲友联系方式→亲友评价道德品行。F选项“We found that those rated as more moral reported a stronger sense of well-being.(我们发现被评价为道德感更强的受试者，幸福感也更高。)”能总结本次实验结果，收束本段实验内容，该选项中“a stronger sense of well-being”与上文“reported on their own well-being”形成呼应。 【39题详解】 由上文“Doing the right thing isn’t always easy.(坚守正确的事往往并不轻松。)”以及下文“But our findings indicate that, in general, there’s no trade-off between morality and well-being.(但我们的发现表明道德与幸福感总体不存在取舍矛盾。)”可知，空格处举例说明行善过程的艰难，与下文形成转折。C选项“Standing up for someone who is being treated unfairly can feel uncomfortable.(为遭受不公的人挺身而出，过程可能令人煎熬。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中“Standing up for someone”与上文“Doing the right thing”相呼应，“isn’t always easy”与下文But转折逻辑契合。 【人与自我·成长方法类】 Passage 1 2025 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷）英语七选五 改编 参考答案 35.A 36.B 37.C 38.D 39.E 多余干扰项：F、G 逐题精讲 35. 段首过渡句（转折逻辑） 前文：大众误以为成年 = 经济独立；后文：心理学家提出心智成长才是成熟核心。 A 项 however 转折，点明经济独立只是成熟一小部分，完美承上启下。 干扰 F：单纯陈述现象，无衔接过渡功能，排除。 36. 段中指代衔接 空格前：孩子独立做事获得胜任感；B 项 This basic stage 指代前文自主做事阶段，承接上文孩童成长过程。 37. 例证阐释句 主旨句：成熟的人会调节负面情绪；C 项具体举例压力下平稳调整心态，对主旨进行细节解释。 38. 段首主旨句（分论点总起） 整段主旨：成熟拥有稳固自我认知，不靠他人评判定义自己。D 项概括本段核心主旨，北京卷高频段首设题模式。 39. 段尾全文总结升华 前文总结成年不只是谋生赚钱；E 项重申成熟本质是情绪管理与自我掌控，首尾呼应全文主旨。 干扰项剖析 F：举例年轻人经济独立心智不成熟，可作为背景铺垫，但全篇无对应填空位置； G：通篇未提及不必时刻乐观，话题偏离，无关干扰。 Passage 2 2026 北京高考英语适应性测试原创改编 参考答案 35.B 36.C 37.A 38.D 39.F 多余干扰项：E、G 逐题精讲 35. 前文讲述固定思维的消极表现；B 项总结这种消极想法阻碍个人进步，顺势引出下文成长型思维解决方案。 36. 段首设问主旨句：后文对比固定思维与成长思维两种模式，C 项设问统领整段对比内容。 37. 前文建议更换内心话语；A 项 This slight change 指代句式替换，代词指代衔接，北京卷必考考点。 38. 段首分论点：后文记录点滴进步；D 项提出写成长日记的方法，开启本段第二条建议。 39. 全文收尾总结：F 项点明养成成长思维长远受益，升华全篇立意。 干扰项 E：全文未提及杜绝和他人攀比，无关话题； G：天赋作用小并非段落要点，偏离主线。 Passage 3 北京市海淀区 2025 届高三第一学期期末英语七选五真题改编 参考答案 35.A 36.B 37.C 38.D 39.E 多余干扰项：F、G 逐题精讲 35. 上文提出专注力流失困境，下文罗列四种方法；A 设问承上启下，北京卷开篇经典结构。 36. 前文：关闭通知没用；B 承接说明学生依旧依赖提醒、忍不住玩手机，引出后文物理隔绝方案。 37. 前文阐释多任务损耗脑力；C therefore 因果总结：单一任务效率更高，逻辑闭环。 38. 前文讲专注力会耗尽，需要休息；D 不间断学习只会疲惫，引出后文番茄工作法。 39. 本段主旨：打造专属学习环境；E 建议书桌整洁无杂物，承接前文场景搭建建议。 干扰项剖析 F：开篇已经讲完电子产品干扰，重复赘述； G：全文未谈及书桌装饰玩具，话题无关。 【人与社会·社科科普类】 Passage 1 参考答案 35.A 36.B 37.C 38.D 39.F 多余干扰项：E、G 逐题精讲 35（段中设问过渡） 前文提出两种思维分类，后文详细对比二者差异；A 设问引出二者具体区别，承上启下，北京卷高频开篇逻辑设问考点。 36（段首主旨句） 整段围绕刺猬思维：固守单一理念、思维僵化；B 概括刺猬思维核心特质，统领全段分述内容。 37（段中指代衔接） 前文介绍狐狸思维是对立面；C 项 They 指代 foxes，阐释狐狸思维不局限单一思想体系，代词指代是必考线索。 38（段中因果总结） 前文讲述现代社会充满不确定性；后文分别点明两种极端思维的弊端；D 总结两种极端模式都无法适配社会需求，therefore 隐性因果衔接。 39（段尾全文升华） 前文否定两种极端；F 提出不必彻底舍弃核心信念，收尾给出折中最优方案，收束全篇主旨。 干扰项剖析 E：文中未提及学界偏爱狐狸思维，无文本依据； G：全篇没有青少年天生归属于某一类的表述，话题无关冗余干扰。 Passage 2 北京市海淀区 2025 届高三上期末英语七选五真题改编 参考答案 35.A 36.B 37.C 38.D 39.E 多余干扰项：F、G 逐题精讲 35（转折逻辑句） 过去人们只和身边人对比；A 中 But 转折，互联网彻底改变现状，衔接社交媒体扩大攀比范围的下文。 36（细节解释句） 前文浏览全网他人美好生活；B 点明大家只展示光鲜一面，我们很少看清现实，铺垫后文攀比带来焦虑的缘由。 37（段首主旨句） 整段讲述盲目攀比损害心理健康；C 总起本段危害，统领后文自卑、焦虑等细节阐述。 38（让步转折句） 前文讲攀比负面影响；Yet 暗含转折，D 说明合理引导下攀比具备积极意义，辩证思维契合北京卷命题立意。 39（段尾做法收尾） 前文建议划定社交媒体使用界限；E 给出具体实操办法：睡前不刷社交软件，衔接文末规避无效攀比的总结。 干扰项剖析 F：开篇已经点明社交媒体利弊，无需重复概括； G：全文重心并非探讨线上展示生活的权利，偏离主线。 Passage 3 2026 北京高考适应性测试原创改编 参考答案 35.A 36.B 37.C 38.F 39.G 多余干扰项：D、E 逐题精讲 35（开篇设问总起） 前文点明志愿活动兼顾个人与社会双重益处；A 设问引出下文三大积极作用，标准总分结构开篇范式。 36（例证衔接句） 前文青少年饱受焦虑孤独困扰；B 阐释助人是排解负面情绪的最佳方式，承接主旨、细化道理。 37（段首分论点主旨句） First、Secondly 并列分层结构，C 作为第二条总起句，概括本段：锻炼社交实践能力。 38（段中语义承接） 前文志愿服务助力社区运转；F 说明微小善举为社区营造温暖氛围，具象阐释社会效益。 39（段尾温馨建议收尾） 前文倡导参与志愿；G 补充提醒不可过度占用学业时间，辩证收尾，贴合育人价值观导向。 干扰项剖析 D：社区并非完全依靠青少年运转，表述绝对不符合客观常识； E：仅重复学生缺少社交机会的现状，无法衔接上下文逻辑。 【人与自我·成长方法类】 Passage 1 北京市东城区 2026 届高三下学期一模英语 七选五改编 答案：35.A 36.C 37.B 38.D 39.F 多余干扰项：E、G 逐题精讲 35 开篇设问：上文提出拖延困扰，下文罗列 4 种解决办法，设问承上启下；G 仅复述危害，无法引出对策，排除。 36 代词 + 因果：前文拆分大任务，C 阐释拆分任务消除畏难情绪，衔接后文小任务带来动力。 37 段首主旨句：整段围绕完美主义催生拖延展开，B 为本段中心句。 38 因果衔接：前文他人监督进度，D 点明外部监督提升紧迫感，逻辑顺承。 39 收尾衔接：前文完成任务给予奖励，F 说明奖励把劳作和愉悦绑定，养成主动做事习惯。 干扰项 E：全文未强调坚守自律期限需要意志力，偏离段落；G：开篇无需二次重申拖延危害，语义冗余。 Passage 2 北京市西城区 2026 高三二模英语七选五改编 多余干扰项：F、G 精讲 35 设问过渡；36 承接上文甄别网络言论，C 核对信息可信度；37 段首主旨：汇总多元观点拓宽思路；38 转折：适度质疑权威，刻意抬杠反而狭隘；39 全文总结：批判性思维是客观评判而非全盘否定。 干扰项 F 重复前文盲从网络观点；G 短文未谈及习得周期，无关话题。 Passage 3 北京市海淀区 2026 高三一模七选五改编 答案：35.A 36.C 37.B 38.D 39.E 多余干扰项：F、G 精讲 35 设问引出正念呼吸疗法；36 前文端正坐姿，C 肌肉紧绷加剧焦虑，反面论证放松身体重要性；37Second 层级衔接，聚焦呼吸；38 因果：刻意对抗焦虑只会适得其反；39 每日练习最终收获情绪自控力。 干扰项 F 全文无药物相关内容；G 表述绝对，呼吸无法彻底消除焦虑。 Passage 4 北京市朝阳区 2026 高三期末统考七选五改编 答案：35.A 36.B 37.C 38.D 39.E 多余干扰项：F、G 精讲略（结构标准总分总，代词 this 指代、first/second/third 并列逻辑为主） Passage 5 北京市丰台区 2026 高三一模英语七选五改编 答案：35.A 36.B 37.C 38.E 39.D 多余干扰项：F、G Passage 6 北京市石景山区 2026 高三二模七选五改编 答案：35.A 36.B 37.C 38.D 39.F 多余干扰项：E、G Passage 7 北京市通州区 2026 高三一模七选五改编 答案：35.A 36.B 37.C 38.D 39.E 多余干扰项：F、G Passage 8 北京市顺义区 2026 高三下学期统一测试七选五改编 答案：35.A 36.B 37.C 38.D 39.E 多余干扰项：F、G 【人与社会·社科科普类】 Passage 1 北京市东城区 2026 届高三二模英语七选五改编 参考答案 35.A 36.B 37.C 38.E 39.D 多余干扰项：F、G 逐题完整精讲 35 空（段中过渡转折句） 上文：人们向往宜居外部社区环境，外部环境影响身心健康；下文：心理学家将内心比作心理社区，开启类比论述。 A 选项以 But 转折，指出人们忽视看不见的内在精神环境，完美承接外部社区话题，引出后文内外对比的核心逻辑。 排除依据：其余选项无法搭建 “外在社区→内在心理社区” 的类比桥梁。 36 空（段中类比衔接） 前文：杂乱不安全的外部小区会造成心理压力；后文：消极内心思维会消耗精力。两句是完全对称类比关系。 B 项承接上文，点明糟糕居住环境持续损害心态，和后文内心糟糕状态形成对仗，逻辑严丝合缝。 37 空（段中例证承接） 前文：小区公共设施即便不常使用，也能提升幸福感；C 项中 These convenient public resources 指代前文花园、读书角等配套设施，总结公共资源带来安全感，为下文内心世界同类道理做铺垫，代词指代为本卷高频考点。 38 空（段中平行类比句） 上文：外在社区依靠亲身参与运营；下文：每日践行感恩等正向心态是经营内心社区的方式。 E 项承接外在参与模式，过渡到内在习惯的日常修炼，实现外在生活与内心修行的类比统一。 39 空（段尾全文总结升华句） 前一句：打造温暖外部社区需要长久共同努力；D 项 Likewise（同样）并列类比，滋养积极内心也需要坚持，收尾全文内外社区对照的主旨，首尾呼应。 干扰项深度剖析 F：表述完全违背文章核心类比观点，文章恰恰论证内外环境息息相关，属于相悖错误项； G：文中未提及不必参与全部社区活动，话题无关，无文本支撑。 Passage 2 北京市西城区 2026 届高三一模英语七选五改编 答案：35.A 36.B 37.C 38.D 39.G 多余干扰项：E、F 逐题精讲（完整无省略） 35：上文抛出倾听缺失的社交问题，下文给出有效沟通两大要素；设问句 A 承上启下，引出下文沟通方法，北京卷开篇经典结构。 36：区分听见与倾听，B 点明真正倾听包含共情内在情绪，承接后文缺乏理解则交往肤浅的论述。 37：段首主旨分论点，后文告诫不要急于提建议，C 为本段中心句，总领整段倾听第一条准则。 38：前文讲述点头、追问等反馈方式；D 阐释用心回应让倾诉者感受到尊重，These small actions 指代各类肢体与语言反馈，代词衔接。 39：前文倾听不等于全程沉默；G 反面论证一味沉默会造成沟通尴尬，收尾提出听说平衡的社交原则。 干扰项 E：本段主线为倾听方法，并未大篇幅谈论过度倾诉自我的弊端；F：无文本依据，文章未提及青少年天生共情力强。 Passage 3 北京市海淀区 2026 届高三一模英语七选五改编 答案：35.B 36.C 37.D 38.E 39.F 多余干扰项：A、G 逐题精讲 35：上文点明网购冲动消费乱象，下文罗列三条理性消费准则；B 设问引出解决方案，逻辑通顺。 36：前文低价小物件好看无用；C 说明低价诱惑仅带来片刻愉悦，承接后文区分刚需与欲望。 37：First/Secondly 并列分层结构，D 作为第二条方法段首主旨句，统领总价核算内容。 38：前文设定月度预算、花满即停；E 补充欲望强烈时可卸载购物软件，强化预算约束的实操手段。 39：辩证收尾：理性消费绝非过度节俭，F 阐释适度消费兼顾需求与存钱，升华消费观念。 干扰项 A 只追问冲动消费原因，后文并未分析缘由，而是给对策；G 表述绝对，文章没有判定直播是误导性最强的营销方式。 Passage 4 北京市朝阳区 2026 届高三二模英语七选五改编 答案：35.B 36.C 37.D 38.A 39.G 多余干扰项：E、F 逐题完整解析（略冗余，逐句拆解） 35：前文非遗濒临消亡；B However 转折，现代社会给非遗新生机遇，承上启下。 36：非遗承载民族智慧；C These traditional skills 指代各类传统手工艺，点明技艺是民族文化载体，阐释保护意义。 37：段首主旨句，后文列举直播、文创、校园课程传播途径，D 总领本段多元传播方式。 38：不可盲目革新丢掉技艺内核；A 反问重申保护非遗重要性，承接坚守本源的观点。 39：非遗兴盛彰显社会文化自信；G 点明青年承接传承使命，收尾全篇立意。 Passage 5 北京市丰台区 2026 届高三一模英语七选五改编 答案：35.A 36.D 37.C 38.G 39.B 多余干扰项：E、F Passage 6 北京市石景山区 2026 届高三二模英语七选五改编 答案：35.A 36.C 37.B 38.E 39.D 多余干扰项：F、G Passage 7 北京市通州区 2026 届高三一模英语七选五改编 答案：35.A 36.B 37.D 38.E 39.C 多余干扰项：F、G Passage 8 北京市顺义区 2026 届高三下学期统一测试七选五改编 答案：35.A 36.B 37.C 38.D 39.G 多余干扰项：E、F 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司4 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 阅读理解七选五（说明文）内容导览 考情概览：摸清命题规律，锁定复习重点 2026真题研析：拆解最新真题，示范分析路径 3年真题精练：精练近年真题，吃透常见考法 最新模拟探源：跟进模拟新题，预判考查风向 北京卷七选五核心主力为说明文（占比80%+），主打结构化语篇逻辑、科学方法论、社科认知科普，严格对标新课标“人与自我、人与社会、人与自然”三大语境，是北京卷七选五的稳定核心题型。题型不考查情感叙事与隐性态度抒情，聚焦客观说明、逻辑推演、方法阐释、认知纠偏，侧重考查学生篇章架构拆解、句段衔接、科学思辨能力，是中档保底、高分稳分的关键题型。 两大固定考向（北京卷七选五说明文专属） 考向一：人与自我·成长方法类说明文 考向二：人与社会/自然·社科科普类说明文 年份 试卷类型 七选五说明文原文主题 归属考向 核心考查题型（设空位置） 考查要点总结 2026 北京卷 文章围绕“品行高尚的人是否更幸福”这一话题展开，介绍相关研究过程与实验结论，论证道德品质与幸福感总体并不冲突，品德越高的人往往幸福感更强。 考向一 人与自我·成长方法类 段首主旨2道 + 段中方法衔接2道 + 段尾价值总结1道 拆解“问题成因—科学方法—成长价值”标准说明架构、匹配段落核心功能、辨析递进/条件逻辑关系、纠正随性自律的错误认知、规避细节贴合主旨偏离的干扰项、完成篇章逻辑闭环 2025 北京卷 阐释成年人核心特质与自我认知标准，客观说明成熟认知的判断维度与成长逻辑 考向一 人与自我·成长方法类 段中逻辑衔接3道 + 段首主题引入1道 + 段尾升华1道 梳理分层说明的行文脉络、精准匹配句间并列与转折逻辑、区分青少年认知与成人认知差异、抓取段落核心说明要点、排除片面细节干扰、把握文本客观科普基调 2024 北京卷 科普“刺猬型/狐狸型”两种思维模式，对比两类思维的特质、优势与适用场景，解读科学思维选择逻辑 考向二 人与社会·社科科普类 段中对比衔接4道 + 段首总起1道 掌握说明文对比论证核心逻辑、区分两类思维的核心差异、精准匹配对比句式衔接、梳理“总述定义—分述特征—客观解读”科研说明架构、规避概念混淆类干扰项 2023 北京卷 客观介绍高校选择的科学思路与评判维度，科普理性择校的方法与核心原则 考向二 人与社会·社科科普类 段首总起1道 + 段中细节衔接2道 + 段尾总结2道 拆解应用型说明文的分层说明结构、匹配总分逻辑、辨析建议类语句的层级关系、纠正片面择校认知、提炼文本实用科普价值、保障段落衔接严谨性 2026年高考英语北京卷七选五题型将继续以说明文为绝对主体，着重考查考生对语篇结构、隐性逻辑及研究论证链条的理解，整体上体现“稳中有变，突出思维品质”的命题趋势。 一、 选材与文体：贴近时代，结构清晰 选材将紧密围绕“人与自我、人与社会、人与自然”三大主题语境，常涉及学习方法、身心健康、科技影响等贴近考生认知的话题。文章结构高度规范，以经典的“总-分-总”或“总-分”模式为主，段落内部多为“主旨句+支撑句”的写作方式，便于考查对整体框架的把握。 二、 考查重点：重论证逻辑，轻关键词匹配 与全国卷侧重局部衔接不同，北京卷更强调对完整信息链和研究逻辑的重建-8。例如，在科普类或研究发现类说明文中，设空处常要求考生识别“研究缺口—研究方法—研究结果—结论”的完整论证链条，而非仅依靠原词复现作答。 三、 设空与选项：以段中句为主，干扰项隐蔽 设空位置以段中句（考查细节支撑与过渡衔接）占比最高，段首句（考查主旨概括）次之，段尾句（考查结论概括）最少。干扰项设计更为巧妙，常利用考生过度依赖词汇复现的心理，设置内容看似相关但逻辑矛盾或偏离主题的选项。 四、 解题关键：隐性逻辑与指代照应 备考需重点突破无显性逻辑词（如but, because）的隐性逻辑，包括隐性因果、转折、例证等。同时，代词（it, they, this）和定冠词（the） 是锁定答案的重要衔接路标，必须能在上下文中找到明确指代对象。 综上所述，2026年北京卷七选五将更加注重考查考生从“读懂词句”到“读懂逻辑”的深层语篇分析能力。 考向：人与自我 成长方法类 2026年高考英语北京卷阅读理解七选五 Most of us have experienced both how good it can feel and how hard it can be to do the right thing. Helping strangers can leave you with a deep sense of satisfaction, but you’ve likely also felt the stress of showing up for others when you’re already stretched thin. These ordinary moments speak to a philosophical puzzle: Are moral people happier? ____35____ Others might reason that moral behavior often requires self-sacrifice. ____36____ Past studies clearly show that people feel good when they perform acts of kindness for others. But researchers had not directly examined if moral character, broadly speaking, is linked to well-being. So my team conducted a set of studies to take this challenge seriously. In one of our studies, undergraduate students reported on their own well-being, rating their happiness as well as their sense of how meaningful their life is. ____37____ Then these close others, such as friends and family members, rated the participant’s moral character using our questionnaire (调查问卷), which asked how much that person had the various characteristics identified as most morally relevant. ____38____ Doing the right thing isn’t always easy. ____39____ But our findings indicate that, in general, there’s no trade-off between morality and well-being. Instead, people with stronger moral character tend to experience greater meaning in life and happiness. This suggests that moments of moral effort may be part of a life that, taken as a whole, feels more satisfying. A. Until recently, scientific evidence had been limited to one aspect of morality: kindness. B. Despite various debates, there’s no agreement on what it means to be morally good. C. Standing up for someone who is being treated unfairly can feel uncomfortable. D. Some might assume morality and happiness naturally go together. E. They also gave us contact information for people who know them. F. We found that those rated as more moral reported a stronger sense of well-being. G. This might be in part because of the difficulties of defining and measuring kindness. 【答案】35. D 36. A 37. E 38. F 39. C 【解析】 【导语】文章围绕“品行高尚的人是否更幸福”这一话题展开，介绍相关研究过程与实验结论，论证道德品质与幸福感总体并不冲突，品德越高的人往往幸福感更强。 【35题详解】 由上文“These ordinary moments speak to a philosophical puzzle: Are moral people happier?(这些日常小事引出了一个哲学难题：品德高尚的人会更幸福吗？)”以及下文“Others might reason that moral behavior often requires self-sacrifice(另一些人可能认为道德行为往往需要自我牺牲。)”可知，前后为Some... Others... 结构，分别介绍人们对于道德和幸福关系的两种截然不同看法。D选项“Some might assume morality and happiness naturally go together.(有些人会认为道德与幸福本就相伴相生。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中“morality and happiness”呼应上文“Are moral people happier”，“Some”与下文“Others”构成逻辑呼应。 【36题详解】 由下文“Past studies clearly show that people feel good when they perform acts of kindness for others. But researchers had not directly examined if moral character, broadly speaking, is linked to well-being.(以往研究明确表明人们对他人行善时心情愉悦。但研究人员此前并未大范围直接研究道德品质是否与幸福感存在关联。)”可知，本段介绍以往研究的局限性。A选项“Until recently, scientific evidence had been limited to one aspect of morality: kindness.(直到近期，科学证据仅局限于道德的一个层面：善意善行。)”能引出旧研究的短板，承接下文内容，该选项中“Until recently”与下文“Past studies”形成呼应，“kindness”与下文“acts of kindness”相呼应。 【37题详解】 由上文“In one of our studies, undergraduate students reported on their own well-being, rating their happiness as well as their sense of how meaningful their life is. (在其中一项研究中，本科生们反馈了自身的幸福状态，给自己的快乐程度以及人生意义感打分。)”以及下文“Then these close others, such as friends and family members, rated the participant’s moral character using our questionnaire (调查问卷), which asked how much that person had the various characteristics identified as most morally relevant.(随后，他们的亲友等亲近之人，通过我们设计的问卷评价受试者的道德品行；问卷会考察这个人具备多少公认的、与道德高度相关的各项特质。)”可知，空格内容是衔接受试者本人填写信息、亲友评价的过渡环节。E选项“They also gave us contact information for people who know them.(他们还向我们提供了熟人的联系方式。)”能承上启下，该选项中“They”指代上文“undergraduate students”，下文“these close others”对应选项中“who know them”，符合题意。 【38题详解】 由上文“In one of our studies, undergraduate students reported on their own well-being, rating their happiness as well as their sense of how meaningful their life is. (在其中一项研究中，本科生们反馈了自身的幸福状态，给自己的快乐程度以及人生意义感打分。)”、“Then these close others, such as friends and family members, rated the participant’s moral character using our questionnaire (调查问卷), which asked how much that person had the various characteristics identified as most morally relevant.(随后，他们的亲友等亲近之人，通过我们设计的问卷评价受试者的道德品行；问卷会考察这个人具备多少公认的、与道德高度相关的各项特质。)”可知，前文完整描述实验流程：学生自评幸福感→提供亲友联系方式→亲友评价道德品行。F选项“We found that those rated as more moral reported a stronger sense of well-being.(我们发现被评价为道德感更强的受试者，幸福感也更高。)”能总结本次实验结果，收束本段实验内容，该选项中“a stronger sense of well-being”与上文“reported on their own well-being”形成呼应。 【39题详解】 由上文“Doing the right thing isn’t always easy.(坚守正确的事往往并不轻松。)”以及下文“But our findings indicate that, in general, there’s no trade-off between morality and well-being.(但我们的发现表明道德与幸福感总体不存在取舍矛盾。)”可知，空格处举例说明行善过程的艰难，与下文形成转折。C选项“Standing up for someone who is being treated unfairly can feel uncomfortable.(为遭受不公的人挺身而出，过程可能令人煎熬。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中“Standing up for someone”与上文“Doing the right thing”相呼应，“isn’t always easy”与下文But转折逻辑契合。 【技巧点拨】 北京卷七选五以总分式说明文为主，侧重语篇逻辑与句间衔接，设空规律固定，掌握三步技巧可快速稳分。首先，依托空格位置定功能：段首空多为段落主旨或过渡句，统领本段分论点；段中空侧重承上启下，衔接细节与逻辑；段尾空多是总结升华或收尾铺垫，呼应全文话题。 其次，抓取核心解题线索，优先锁定逻辑信号词与代词指代。关注however、therefore、for example等转折、因果、例证词汇，精准判断句间关系；留意this、these等指代词汇，匹配前后文核心话题，这是北京卷高频考点。同时利用词汇复现，同义、近义话题词汇可快速锁定正确选项。 最后，排除干扰项并通读验证。北京卷干扰项多为话题重复、范围宽泛、逻辑脱节内容，看似贴合主题却无法衔接上下文。初选后完整通读全文，校验语义连贯、逻辑闭环，规避生硬适配问题，保障答题准确率。 【人与自我·成长方法类】 Passage 1 2025 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷）英语七选五 改编 主题：何为真正成熟（自我管理、情绪掌控成长方法论）｜人与自我・个人心智成长 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 What does it truly mean to grow into a mature adult? Most people think adulthood only means being financially independent and living alone. 35 Psychologist Robert Turner explains in his book The Life Cycle that maturity is built through several inner growth stages. Children first learn to finish tasks on their own and gain a sense of competence. 36 But people often ignore other essential inner development cycles. If these mental growth stages are delayed, you will struggle to manage bad moods and understand your true self. True maturity lies in emotional self-regulation. Mature people can accept negative feelings instead of escaping them. 37 This ability comes from inner self-control, which lets you guide your thoughts and behaviors voluntarily. 38 Being mature does not mean you never ask others for help. It means you no longer rely on others to define your value. You know your strengths and weaknesses clearly without outside judgment. In short, adulthood is far more than taking a job or supporting yourself financially. 39 Only continuous inner growth can help us achieve lasting maturity. A. However, financial independence is just a small part of maturity B. This basic stage helps kids build initial self-confidence C. They can calmly adjust feelings when facing pressure and troubles D. Another key sign of maturity is a stable sense of self-identity E. It refers to owning the ability to manage emotions and master yourself F. Many young adults achieve financial freedom but remain mentally immature G. It is unnecessary to force yourself to stay positive all the time 参考答案 35.A 36.B 37.C 38.D 39.E 多余干扰项：F、G 逐题精讲 35. 段首过渡句（转折逻辑） 前文：大众误以为成年 = 经济独立；后文：心理学家提出心智成长才是成熟核心。 A 项 however 转折，点明经济独立只是成熟一小部分，完美承上启下。 干扰 F：单纯陈述现象，无衔接过渡功能，排除。 36. 段中指代衔接 空格前：孩子独立做事获得胜任感；B 项 This basic stage 指代前文自主做事阶段，承接上文孩童成长过程。 37. 例证阐释句 主旨句：成熟的人会调节负面情绪；C 项具体举例压力下平稳调整心态，对主旨进行细节解释。 38. 段首主旨句（分论点总起） 整段主旨：成熟拥有稳固自我认知，不靠他人评判定义自己。D 项概括本段核心主旨，北京卷高频段首设题模式。 39. 段尾全文总结升华 前文总结成年不只是谋生赚钱；E 项重申成熟本质是情绪管理与自我掌控，首尾呼应全文主旨。 干扰项剖析 F：举例年轻人经济独立心智不成熟，可作为背景铺垫，但全篇无对应填空位置； G：通篇未提及不必时刻乐观，话题偏离，无关干扰。 Passage 2 2026 北京高考英语适应性测试原创改编 主题：培养成长型思维、走出自我局限｜人与自我・思维成长 Many students hold a fixed mindset about themselves. They believe talents and interests are born unchangeable. Once they fail an exam or struggle with new skills, they quickly decide “I am not good at this”. 35 Developing a growth mindset is the key to lifelong personal progress. 36 People with fixed mindsets fear challenges, because failure will prove they lack natural gifts. On the contrary, those with growth mindsets regard challenges as chances to improve themselves. They never fear temporary setbacks. Small daily changes can build your growth mindset step by step. First, change your inner self-talk. Replace “I can’t do it” with “I can’t do it yet”. 37 Second, stop avoiding difficult tasks. Pushing yourself out of comfort zones slowly rewires your brain to accept challenges. 38 Every time you make progress, no matter how tiny, write it down. Recording small wins reminds you that your efforts truly work. Gradually, you will no longer be trapped by self-doubt. All in all, mindset shapes your whole growth path. 39 It will help you overcome difficulties and keep moving forward in study and life. A. This slight change gradually shifts your thinking style B. This negative thinking stops you from making progress C. What are the main differences between the two mindsets? D. Keeping a progress diary is another practical useful method E. You should never compare your progress with classmates F. Once you form a steady growth mindset, you will benefit greatly G. Natural talent plays only a small role in personal achievement 参考答案 35.B 36.C 37.A 38.D 39.F 多余干扰项：E、G 逐题精讲 35. 前文讲述固定思维的消极表现；B 项总结这种消极想法阻碍个人进步，顺势引出下文成长型思维解决方案。 36. 段首设问主旨句：后文对比固定思维与成长思维两种模式，C 项设问统领整段对比内容。 37. 前文建议更换内心话语；A 项 This slight change 指代句式替换，代词指代衔接，北京卷必考考点。 38. 段首分论点：后文记录点滴进步；D 项提出写成长日记的方法，开启本段第二条建议。 39. 全文收尾总结：F 项点明养成成长思维长远受益，升华全篇立意。 干扰项 E：全文未提及杜绝和他人攀比，无关话题； G：天赋作用小并非段落要点，偏离主线。 Passage 3 北京市海淀区 2025 届高三第一学期期末英语七选五真题改编 主题：科学提升专注力、高效自主学习｜人与自我・学习习惯成长 Nowadays endless short videos and online messages break teenagers’ attention constantly. Most students find it hard to focus on homework or reading for a long time. 35 Cognitive psychologists offer four practical ways to rebuild your sustained focus. First, separate digital devices physically while studying. Simply turning off phone notifications cannot stop you picking up phones unconsciously. 36 Putting smartphones in another room works much better to cut distractions. Second, refuse multitasking completely. Our brain cannot handle two tasks efficiently at the same time. Switching between homework and chatting online wastes plenty of mental energy. 37 Completing one task fully before starting the next greatly lengthens your focus time. Third, arrange scientific rest periods. Focus is limited mental energy that runs out over time. 38 The classic Pomodoro method (25 minutes study + 5 minutes break) lets your brain recharge regularly without breaking your study rhythm. Finally, build a fixed dedicated study space. Train your brain to link one desk only with learning. Stay away from studying on beds or sofas. 39 Soon your brain will automatically enter focused mode once you sit down to study. A. How can we recover our lost concentration ability? B. Many students still rely on notifications to arrange their time C. Therefore, single-task learning is always more efficient D. Working for hours without breaks will only lead to tiredness E. Keep your study desk tidy and free from unnecessary objects F. Digital entertainment has become the biggest distraction for teens G. It is unnecessary to keep your desk decorated with various toys 参考答案 35.A 36.B 37.C 38.D 39.E 多余干扰项：F、G 逐题精讲 35. 上文提出专注力流失困境，下文罗列四种方法；A 设问承上启下，北京卷开篇经典结构。 36. 前文：关闭通知没用；B 承接说明学生依旧依赖提醒、忍不住玩手机，引出后文物理隔绝方案。 37. 前文阐释多任务损耗脑力；C therefore 因果总结：单一任务效率更高，逻辑闭环。 38. 前文讲专注力会耗尽，需要休息；D 不间断学习只会疲惫，引出后文番茄工作法。 39. 本段主旨：打造专属学习环境；E 建议书桌整洁无杂物，承接前文场景搭建建议。 干扰项剖析 F：开篇已经讲完电子产品干扰，重复赘述； G：全文未谈及书桌装饰玩具，话题无关。 【人与社会·社科科普类】 Passage 1 2024 北京高考英语七选五真题改编 主题：两种思维模式（刺猬思维 & 狐狸思维）｜社会认知社科科普 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The philosopher Isaiah Berlin divided human thinking styles into two types: hedgehogs and foxes. This classic classification has long been used by sociologists to explain how people understand the world and make decisions. 35 Hedgehogs stick firmly to one single core idea to explain everything, while foxes accept diverse ideas and flexibly adapt to changes. 36 They believe one universal principle can solve all problems in life, study and work. Once they form a fixed belief, they rarely adjust their viewpoints even facing contradictory facts. Such people are persistent but easily fall into rigid thinking traps. Foxes represent the opposite thinking mode. 37 They gather information from different sources, weigh various possibilities, and refuse to rely on only one fixed theory. Though they may lack extreme perseverance, they are better at coping with complex modern social problems. In the digital age, our society is full of uncertain challenges. 38 Pure hedgehog thinking makes us unable to adapt to fast-changing surroundings, while blind pursuit of flexibility will lead to lack of clear goals. 39 Combining firm inner beliefs with flexible ways of solving problems is the wisest choice for modern teenagers. A. What exactly are the differences between the two groups? B. Hedgehogs hold one fixed central belief all the time C. They never limit themselves to a single thought system D. Neither extreme thinking style can meet social demands fully E. Many scholars prefer fox-style thinking in academic research F. It is unnecessary to abandon your own core values completely G. Most teenagers naturally tend to be either hedgehogs or foxes 参考答案 35.A 36.B 37.C 38.D 39.F 多余干扰项：E、G 逐题精讲 35（段中设问过渡） 前文提出两种思维分类，后文详细对比二者差异；A 设问引出二者具体区别，承上启下，北京卷高频开篇逻辑设问考点。 36（段首主旨句） 整段围绕刺猬思维：固守单一理念、思维僵化；B 概括刺猬思维核心特质，统领全段分述内容。 37（段中指代衔接） 前文介绍狐狸思维是对立面；C 项 They 指代 foxes，阐释狐狸思维不局限单一思想体系，代词指代是必考线索。 38（段中因果总结） 前文讲述现代社会充满不确定性；后文分别点明两种极端思维的弊端；D 总结两种极端模式都无法适配社会需求，therefore 隐性因果衔接。 39（段尾全文升华） 前文否定两种极端；F 提出不必彻底舍弃核心信念，收尾给出折中最优方案，收束全篇主旨。 干扰项剖析 E：文中未提及学界偏爱狐狸思维，无文本依据； G：全篇没有青少年天生归属于某一类的表述，话题无关冗余干扰。 Passage 2 北京市海淀区 2025 届高三上期末英语七选五真题改编 主题：社交媒体时代的社会攀比心理｜社会心理学科普 Human beings are born with the desire to compare themselves with others, which is a natural social psychological feature. Originally, people only compared their life conditions with neighbors, classmates and colleagues around them. 35 Social media has greatly expanded the range of our comparison objects. Now we can easily view the perfect lives of strangers all over the world online. 36 Most people only post happy, wonderful moments on social platforms instead of showing troubles and failures. Unconsciously, we start to measure our own life against these polished ideal images. 37 Constant unfair comparison brings serious negative influences on mental health. It will cause feelings of inferiority, anxiety and dissatisfaction with one’s own life. Many teenagers lose self-confidence just because of endless online comparison. However, social comparison itself is not totally harmful. 38 When we take excellent people as proper examples, comparison can become motivation for self-improvement. The key lies in how we treat comparison rationally. To protect our mental state online, we should set clear boundaries for social media use. 39 Only in this way can we avoid being trapped in meaningless comparison. A. But the Internet completely changed this situation B. We seldom realize these online pictures are not real life C. Long-term blind comparison does great harm to our mood D. It can play a positive role if we guide it properly E. Try not to scroll through social media before going to bed F. Social media brings both convenience and hidden mental risks G. Everyone has the right to show their wonderful life online 参考答案 35.A 36.B 37.C 38.D 39.E 多余干扰项：F、G 逐题精讲 35（转折逻辑句） 过去人们只和身边人对比；A 中 But 转折，互联网彻底改变现状，衔接社交媒体扩大攀比范围的下文。 36（细节解释句） 前文浏览全网他人美好生活；B 点明大家只展示光鲜一面，我们很少看清现实，铺垫后文攀比带来焦虑的缘由。 37（段首主旨句） 整段讲述盲目攀比损害心理健康；C 总起本段危害，统领后文自卑、焦虑等细节阐述。 38（让步转折句） 前文讲攀比负面影响；Yet 暗含转折，D 说明合理引导下攀比具备积极意义，辩证思维契合北京卷命题立意。 39（段尾做法收尾） 前文建议划定社交媒体使用界限；E 给出具体实操办法：睡前不刷社交软件，衔接文末规避无效攀比的总结。 干扰项剖析 F：开篇已经点明社交媒体利弊，无需重复概括； G：全文重心并非探讨线上展示生活的权利，偏离主线。 Passage 3 2026 北京高考适应性测试原创改编 主题：社区志愿服务对青年身心与社会发展的价值｜社会学社科说明文 Volunteering in local communities has gradually become a common social activity among teenagers in recent years. A large number of psychological researches have proved that regular volunteer work brings double benefits to individuals and the whole society. 35 First, volunteering effectively improves teenagers’ mental health. Many young people suffer from anxiety and loneliness due to heavy study pressure and isolated online life. 36 When you devote yourself to helping others, you will gain a strong sense of achievement and belonging, easing negative emotions naturally. 37 In the process of serving community residents, teenagers learn to communicate with people of different ages, solve practical problems and cooperate with partners. These social skills cannot be fully acquired only through classroom learning. Besides personal growth, volunteer activities also promote harmonious community operation. 38 It shortens the distance between neighbors and makes communities warmer and more united. Public welfare actions fill the gaps of community public services. Therefore, schools and families should encourage teenagers to take part in proper volunteer work. 39 It is a precious social lesson that benefits teenagers lifelong. A. Why can community volunteering produce such positive effects? B. Helping others is the best way to relieve inner negative feelings C. Secondly, volunteering shapes teenagers’ practical social abilities D. Many communities rely totally on teenagers to carry out public services E. Teenagers lack chances to practice communication in daily study life F. Small voluntary acts create great warmth within the whole neighborhood G. Do not arrange too much volunteer work to occupy your study time 参考答案 35.A 36.B 37.C 38.F 39.G 多余干扰项：D、E 逐题精讲 35（开篇设问总起） 前文点明志愿活动兼顾个人与社会双重益处；A 设问引出下文三大积极作用，标准总分结构开篇范式。 36（例证衔接句） 前文青少年饱受焦虑孤独困扰；B 阐释助人是排解负面情绪的最佳方式，承接主旨、细化道理。 37（段首分论点主旨句） First、Secondly 并列分层结构，C 作为第二条总起句，概括本段：锻炼社交实践能力。 38（段中语义承接） 前文志愿服务助力社区运转；F 说明微小善举为社区营造温暖氛围，具象阐释社会效益。 39（段尾温馨建议收尾） 前文倡导参与志愿；G 补充提醒不可过度占用学业时间，辩证收尾，贴合育人价值观导向。 干扰项剖析 D：社区并非完全依靠青少年运转，表述绝对不符合客观常识； E：仅重复学生缺少社交机会的现状，无法衔接上下文逻辑。 【人与自我·成长方法类】 Passage 1 北京市东城区 2026 届高三下学期一模英语 七选五改编 主题：如何告别拖延症、高效推进任务｜时间管理成长 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Procrastination has troubled most teenagers during their school years. We keep putting off homework, reviews and personal plans until the last minute, which always brings stress and poor work quality. 35 Psychologists have summed up four practical strategies to beat procrastination for good. First, break huge tasks into tiny actionable steps. A whole chapter review seems overwhelming, but finishing one page each time feels much easier. 36 Small completed tasks will continuously motivate you to move ahead. 37 Many people delay work simply because they pursue perfect results at the very beginning. They dare not start for fear of making mistakes. Actually, rough drafts and imperfect attempts are the necessary start of all great work. Third, set fixed deadlines for yourself ahead of the official due time. Creating an earlier personal deadline helps you avoid last-minute rush. You can even ask your parents or classmates to supervise your progress regularly. 38 Lastly, reward yourself after finishing scheduled tasks. Proper positive feedback strengthens your good habits. Snacks, short leisure time or favorite music all can serve as small rewards. 39 Gradually, you will no longer resist starting work actively. A. Why do we always tend to delay our tasks? B. Perfectionism is one major cause of procrastination C. Dividing goals removes the fear brought by heavy workload D. Outside supervision greatly improves your sense of urgency E. It takes great willpower to stick to strict self-deadlines F. Pleasant rewards connect hard work with happy experiences G. Most students fail to realize the harm of long-term procrastination 答案：35.A 36.C 37.B 38.D 39.F 多余干扰项：E、G 逐题精讲 35 开篇设问：上文提出拖延困扰，下文罗列 4 种解决办法，设问承上启下；G 仅复述危害，无法引出对策，排除。 36 代词 + 因果：前文拆分大任务，C 阐释拆分任务消除畏难情绪，衔接后文小任务带来动力。 37 段首主旨句：整段围绕完美主义催生拖延展开，B 为本段中心句。 38 因果衔接：前文他人监督进度，D 点明外部监督提升紧迫感，逻辑顺承。 39 收尾衔接：前文完成任务给予奖励，F 说明奖励把劳作和愉悦绑定，养成主动做事习惯。 干扰项 E：全文未强调坚守自律期限需要意志力，偏离段落；G：开篇无需二次重申拖延危害，语义冗余。 Passage 2 北京市西城区 2026 高三二模英语七选五改编 主题：培养批判性思维，不盲目盲从他人观点｜思维成长 Nowadays we receive countless opinions online every day. Most people easily accept views spread by the Internet without thinking independently. Following popular ideas blindly stops us forming our own judgment. 35 Here are several ways to develop critical thinking in daily study and life. Before agreeing with any opinion, pause to question its source. Unverified online posts are often one-sided or misleading. 36 Only reliable information sources deserve our serious consideration. 37 Comparing different viewpoints on the same topic is an effective way. When you read arguments from two opposite sides, you can see the advantages and limitations of each idea clearly instead of sticking to one single thought. Never be afraid to challenge authoritative views properly. Teachers and books are valuable references, yet they are not totally flawless. 38 Putting forward your reasonable doubts is exactly the reflection of independent thinking. Critical thinking does not mean arguing against everything on purpose. 39 It helps you absorb useful ideas wisely and grow steadily as an individual. A. How can we build our critical thinking ability? B. Collecting varied opinions broadens your thinking horizon C. You should first check whether the information is trustworthy D. Blindly challenging authority will lead to narrow-minded thinking E. It aims to judge objectively rather than deny all views arbitrarily F. Many teenagers regard online remarks as absolute truth G. Critical thinking is difficult to master within a short period 答案：35.A 36.C 37.B 38.D 39.E 多余干扰项：F、G 精讲 35 设问过渡；36 承接上文甄别网络言论，C 核对信息可信度；37 段首主旨：汇总多元观点拓宽思路；38 转折：适度质疑权威，刻意抬杠反而狭隘；39 全文总结：批判性思维是客观评判而非全盘否定。 干扰项 F 重复前文盲从网络观点；G 短文未谈及习得周期，无关话题。 Passage 3 北京市海淀区 2026 高三一模七选五改编 主题：正念呼吸调节考前焦虑，情绪自我管控｜心理成长 Examination anxiety troubles nearly all senior three students. Nervous feelings may cause blank minds, poor memory and careless mistakes during exams. Many students try hard to get rid of anxiety but end up feeling more stressed. 35 Mindful breathing proves to be a simple and useful way to calm down. First, choose a quiet place and sit comfortably. Straighten your back slightly without tensing your whole body. 36 A relaxed physical state lays the foundation for mental peace. 37 Close your eyes gently, focus all your attention on your breath. Feel the air flow in through your nose and flow out slowly. Once your thoughts wander to exam worries, gently pull your mind back to breathing again. Do not demand yourself to be completely free of anxiety instantly. 38 Accept mild nervousness calmly, and it will gradually fade away with continuous breathing practice. You can practice mindful breathing for 5 to 10 minutes every day before bedtime. 39 Gradually, you will gain the ability to regulate your mood under pressure. A. What can we do to ease overwhelming exam anxiety? B. Next, concentrate fully on your steady breathing rhythm C. Tight muscles will only strengthen inner unease and tension D. Trying to resist anxious feelings always makes them worse E. Long-term daily practice shapes stable emotional regulation F. Most medicines cannot safely relieve teenage exam stress G. Breathing exercise can completely remove all nervousness 答案：35.A 36.C 37.B 38.D 39.E 多余干扰项：F、G 精讲 35 设问引出正念呼吸疗法；36 前文端正坐姿，C 肌肉紧绷加剧焦虑，反面论证放松身体重要性；37Second 层级衔接，聚焦呼吸；38 因果：刻意对抗焦虑只会适得其反；39 每日练习最终收获情绪自控力。 干扰项 F 全文无药物相关内容；G 表述绝对，呼吸无法彻底消除焦虑。 Passage 4 北京市朝阳区 2026 高三期末统考七选五改编 主题：坚持微小习惯，实现长期自我蜕变｜习惯养成成长 Great personal progress never comes from sudden dramatic changes. It is the accumulation of tiny daily habits that shapes who we finally become. However, most people give up small plans soon after starting them. 35 Three rules help us stick to mini habits successfully. Set extremely easy daily tasks instead of tough goals. Planning to recite 50 words daily often fails, while memorizing just 5 words is easy to finish. 36 Low-threshold tasks eliminate the psychological resistance to start. Link your new habit to an existing daily routine. For example, read two pages right after brushing your teeth every morning. 37 The fixed daily act will remind you to carry out your new habit automatically. 38 Do not punish yourself severely for missing one day. Skipping once is acceptable, but two continuous breaks will easily make you abandon the whole plan. Small habits bring invisible progress day by day. 39 After several months, you will witness obvious improvements in study and self-management. A. How to keep practicing tiny habits persistently? B. Such easy assignments guarantee a high completion rate C. This connection builds a stable reminder mechanism in your brain D. Be tolerant of occasional breaks in your habit cycle E. Severe self-blame will destroy your enthusiasm for keeping habits F. Big dreams always make teenagers feel powerless at the beginning G. It is unnecessary to stick to every single small habit strictly 答案：35.A 36.B 37.C 38.D 39.E 多余干扰项：F、G 精讲略（结构标准总分总，代词 this 指代、first/second/third 并列逻辑为主） Passage 5 北京市丰台区 2026 高三一模英语七选五改编 主题：学会适度独处，向内探索自我内心｜自我认知成长 Many teenagers avoid staying alone all the time. They fill spare time with chatting, games and group activities, fearing the quiet moment with themselves. Yet healthy solitude is essential for personal inner growth. 35 Solitude brings three vital benefits to young people. Staying alone offers you time to sort out messy thoughts. Busy social interactions leave no space for reflection. 36 Only in quiet solitude can you review your gains, mistakes and future plans clearly. 37 Constantly following the preferences of peers makes you lose your unique personality. When you are alone, you can do things you truly love without catering to others’ tastes. Solitude also improves your emotional resilience. You learn to comfort yourself instead of relying on others to chase away loneliness. 38 You will become more independent mentally step by step. Of course, solitude does not mean cutting off all social contacts. 39 Balancing social communication and alone time is the wisest lifestyle choice. A. What positive influences can healthy solitude bring us? B. Continuous outside noise stops deep thinking effectively C. Besides, solitude helps you maintain your individual uniqueness D. Too much alone time will lead to feelings of loneliness and depression E. The ability to soothe oneself is a key sign of mental maturity F. Most students regard loneliness as a negative feeling completely G. It is important to stay outgoing and take part in group activities 答案：35.A 36.B 37.C 38.E 39.D 多余干扰项：F、G Passage 6 北京市石景山区 2026 高三二模七选五改编 主题：科学复盘每日学习，补齐知识短板｜学习能力成长 Many students spend long hours studying every day but achieve unsatisfying results. One main reason is that they never review and reflect on their daily learning process. Blind repetition cannot improve academic performance steadily. 35 Daily learning review is the key to efficient study. First, spend 10 minutes before bedtime recalling what you have learned that day. Try to list key knowledge points without opening textbooks. 36 Unforgettable contents are mastered firmly, while vague ones need repeated consolidation. 37 Write down all mistakes in exercises and exams on your error notebook. Classify errors into careless mistakes and knowledge blind spots separately for targeted revision. Set small adjustment plans according to your review results. If grammar errors appear frequently, arrange extra grammar exercises every two days. 38 Timely adjustments prevent you from repeating the same faults. Sticking to daily reflection will greatly raise your learning efficiency. 39 You will no longer waste time on meaningless repeated work. A. How can we make our daily study more efficient? B. This recall helps you judge your real learning situation C. Another effective method is sorting out your wrong questions regularly D. Targeted practice quickly fills your knowledge gaps step by step E. Many students keep error notebooks but never look through them again F. Long study hours do not equal real knowledge acquisition G. It takes plenty of time to finish a detailed daily review 答案：35.A 36.B 37.C 38.D 39.F 多余干扰项：E、G Passage 7 北京市通州区 2026 高三一模七选五改编 主题：接纳自身不完美，摆脱自我苛责｜自信心智成长 Lots of teenagers hold extremely high standards for themselves. They feel frustrated and worthless once they fail exams or make mistakes. Chasing perfect performance all the time brings lasting psychological pressure. 35 Learning self-compassion is necessary for healthy growth. First, stop blaming yourself severely for unavoidable mistakes. Everyone has limits and will make errors during growth. 36 Self-criticism only hurts your self-confidence without any positive value. Compare yourself with your past self rather than classmates around you. 37 Focusing on personal progress helps you see your own improvements and stay positive constantly. 38 Allow yourself proper rest and entertainment amid busy study. You do not need to occupy every minute with learning tasks to prove your diligence. Self-kindness does not mean giving up self-discipline. 39 It enables you to move forward with a relaxed and steady mindset. A. How should we treat our own imperfections properly? B. Harsh self-criticism is the biggest barrier to personal progress C. Horizontal comparison with peers easily causes unnecessary anxiety D. Besides, do not arrange an overly tight schedule for your daily life E. Proper relaxation can greatly restore your physical and mental energy F. Most people are accustomed to being stricter with themselves than others G. Pursuing perfection is a valuable quality for excellent students 答案：35.A 36.B 37.C 38.D 39.E 多余干扰项：F、G Passage 8 北京市顺义区 2026 高三下学期统一测试七选五改编 主题：培养终身好奇心，保持持续学习动力｜终身成长理念 Curiosity is regarded as the original driving force of lifelong learning. As we grow older, many students gradually lose curiosity and regard study as a boring compulsory task. Without curiosity, learning becomes passive and painful. 35 We can keep our curiosity alive through four daily ways. Try to ask more “why” about common phenomena around you. Never take everything for granted. Looking for answers to small questions stimulates your desire to explore the world. 36 37 Reading books beyond textbook knowledge broadens your horizons and brings fresh thoughts constantly. History, biology and literary works all can arouse your exploring interest greatly. Communicate with people holding different opinions. Listening to diverse ideas breaks your fixed thinking mode and awakens inner curiosity again. 38 Last but not least, allow yourself to try new hobbies regularly. New experiences always bring novel feelings and maintain your sensitivity to new things. 39 Curiosity will accompany you and benefit your whole life. A. What methods can preserve our natural curiosity? B. Continuous exploration keeps your mind active all the time C. Secondly, develop a habit of extensive extracurricular reading D. Communication makes you realize the richness of the whole world E. New hobbies prevent your mind from falling into dull routine F. Textbook knowledge alone can never satisfy our exploring needs G. Curiosity will disappear naturally with the growth of age 答案：35.A 36.B 37.C 38.D 39.E 多余干扰项：F、G 【人与社会·社科科普类】 Passage 1 北京市东城区 2026 届高三二模英语七选五改编 话题：内外社区环境：外在邻里空间与内在心理社区（社会环境心理学） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 People all desire a comfortable and friendly neighborhood to live in. Good surrounding conditions greatly influence people’s physical health and mental satisfaction. 35 Psychologists put forward a creative comparison: our inner mind can also be regarded as a hidden mental neighborhood. Just as buildings, parks and neighbors form the outside community, your beliefs, thoughts and daily cognitive habits build your inner spiritual world. Studies have proven that unsafe and disorderly residential areas will bring long-term psychological pressure to residents, even if they never experience accidents personally. 36 A messy, negative inner mindset works in exactly the same way. Constant anxious thoughts and narrow thinking will slowly consume your mental energy and lower your happiness level. Many small community facilities can improve our sense of well-being, even if we rarely use them. Knowing there is a community garden or a shared reading corner nearby makes life warmer. 37 Similarly, valuing your own positive qualities and creative thoughts can bring steady peace, without needing to display these advantages all the time. Communities benefit people through real daily participation: walking in parks, chatting with neighbors or joining public activities. 38 Practicing gratitude, kindness and positive thinking every day is the way to operate your mental community. The more you tend to positive inner habits, the more peaceful your mind will become. Building a warm external neighborhood needs long-term joint efforts. 39 Maintaining a healthy inner spiritual community will help us adapt better to modern busy society. A. But we seldom notice our invisible inner spiritual environment B. Bad living surroundings will continuously damage people’s mental state C. These convenient public resources bring a strong sense of security to residents D. Likewise, nurturing a positive inner mindset also requires persistent efforts E. Most people spend plenty of time decorating their houses but ignore inner peace F. Inner mental activities have nothing to do with the quality of real neighborhoods G. It is unnecessary to take part in all community activities to gain happiness 参考答案 35.A 36.B 37.C 38.E 39.D 多余干扰项：F、G 逐题完整精讲 35 空（段中过渡转折句） 上文：人们向往宜居外部社区环境，外部环境影响身心健康；下文：心理学家将内心比作心理社区，开启类比论述。 A 选项以 But 转折，指出人们忽视看不见的内在精神环境，完美承接外部社区话题，引出后文内外对比的核心逻辑。 排除依据：其余选项无法搭建 “外在社区→内在心理社区” 的类比桥梁。 36 空（段中类比衔接） 前文：杂乱不安全的外部小区会造成心理压力；后文：消极内心思维会消耗精力。两句是完全对称类比关系。 B 项承接上文，点明糟糕居住环境持续损害心态，和后文内心糟糕状态形成对仗，逻辑严丝合缝。 37 空（段中例证承接） 前文：小区公共设施即便不常使用，也能提升幸福感；C 项中 These convenient public resources 指代前文花园、读书角等配套设施，总结公共资源带来安全感，为下文内心世界同类道理做铺垫，代词指代为本卷高频考点。 38 空（段中平行类比句） 上文：外在社区依靠亲身参与运营；下文：每日践行感恩等正向心态是经营内心社区的方式。 E 项承接外在参与模式，过渡到内在习惯的日常修炼，实现外在生活与内心修行的类比统一。 39 空（段尾全文总结升华句） 前一句：打造温暖外部社区需要长久共同努力；D 项 Likewise（同样）并列类比，滋养积极内心也需要坚持，收尾全文内外社区对照的主旨，首尾呼应。 干扰项深度剖析 F：表述完全违背文章核心类比观点，文章恰恰论证内外环境息息相关，属于相悖错误项； G：文中未提及不必参与全部社区活动，话题无关，无文本支撑。 Passage 2 北京市西城区 2026 届高三一模英语七选五改编 话题：社交心理学：积极倾听是高质量人际交往的核心 In daily social communication, most people have a common bad habit: we are always waiting for our turn to speak instead of truly listening to others. We focus on preparing our own replies while others talk, which breaks sincere interpersonal bonds. 35 Sociologists point out that active listening and empathy are two core qualities of effective communication. Many people confuse hearing with listening. Hearing is just receiving sound waves passively with ears, while listening requires you to concentrate on others’ words, feelings and hidden needs. 36 Without emotional understanding, conversation will stay superficial and cannot build trust between people. 37 When your friends pour out troubles to you, do not rush to offer solutions or judge their choices immediately. The first step is to accept their emotions patiently and let them fully express themselves. Hurried advice often makes people feel unvalued. Proper feedback is also an important part of active listening. Nodding gently, asking simple follow-up questions or repeating key sentences proves you have caught their ideas. 38 These small actions greatly shorten the psychological distance between communicators. Good listening does not mean keeping silent all the time. 39 Balancing listening and speaking wisely helps us maintain long-term healthy social relationships in society. A. How can we carry out genuine and effective communication? B. Real listening includes understanding others’ inner emotions C. Here is the first key rule for active listening: hold back instant advice D. Thoughtful responses let speakers feel respected and understood E. Talking too much about yourself is the biggest barrier to listening F. Most teenagers are born with strong ability to empathize with others G. Silence throughout the whole talk will also make communication awkward 答案：35.A 36.B 37.C 38.D 39.G 多余干扰项：E、F 逐题精讲（完整无省略） 35：上文抛出倾听缺失的社交问题，下文给出有效沟通两大要素；设问句 A 承上启下，引出下文沟通方法，北京卷开篇经典结构。 36：区分听见与倾听，B 点明真正倾听包含共情内在情绪，承接后文缺乏理解则交往肤浅的论述。 37：段首主旨分论点，后文告诫不要急于提建议，C 为本段中心句，总领整段倾听第一条准则。 38：前文讲述点头、追问等反馈方式；D 阐释用心回应让倾诉者感受到尊重，These small actions 指代各类肢体与语言反馈，代词衔接。 39：前文倾听不等于全程沉默；G 反面论证一味沉默会造成沟通尴尬，收尾提出听说平衡的社交原则。 干扰项 E：本段主线为倾听方法，并未大篇幅谈论过度倾诉自我的弊端；F：无文本依据，文章未提及青少年天生共情力强。 Passage 3 北京市海淀区 2026 届高三一模英语七选五改编 话题：消费社会学：摆脱冲动消费，建立理性线上消费观念 Online shopping brings great convenience to modern citizens, yet it also leads to widespread impulsive consumption. Flash sales, limited-time discounts and live-streaming marketing constantly stimulate people’s desire to buy unnecessary goods. After receiving packages, most buyers soon regret their blind purchases. 35 Three practical principles help us consume rationally in the digital shopping era. Before paying for any product, pause and ask yourself a simple question: Do I really need this item? Many cheap gadgets look attractive but have no practical use in daily life. 36 Distinguishing needs from temporary wants is the first step to avoid waste. 37 Online merchants usually set low prices for small goods to encourage customers to add more products to shopping carts. Calculating total costs instead of single-item prices prevents you from accumulating countless trivial things you never use. Set a fixed monthly shopping budget in advance. Once you reach the spending limit, stop all non-essential online orders firmly. 38 Budget restriction effectively controls unreasonable spending desire. Rational consumption does not mean refusing all shopping and living frugally extremely. 39 Buying suitable goods within your budget brings happiness without unnecessary economic pressure. A. Why do people frequently make blind online purchases? B. How can we stay calm and avoid impulsive online shopping? C. Cheap temptations only satisfy momentary shopping pleasure D. Secondly, calculate total shopping costs rather than individual prices E. It is wise to delete shopping apps once you have strong buying desire F. Proper consumption satisfies demands while saving personal finances G. Live streaming is the most misleading marketing method for young people 答案：35.B 36.C 37.D 38.E 39.F 多余干扰项：A、G 逐题精讲 35：上文点明网购冲动消费乱象，下文罗列三条理性消费准则；B 设问引出解决方案，逻辑通顺。 36：前文低价小物件好看无用；C 说明低价诱惑仅带来片刻愉悦，承接后文区分刚需与欲望。 37：First/Secondly 并列分层结构，D 作为第二条方法段首主旨句，统领总价核算内容。 38：前文设定月度预算、花满即停；E 补充欲望强烈时可卸载购物软件，强化预算约束的实操手段。 39：辩证收尾：理性消费绝非过度节俭，F 阐释适度消费兼顾需求与存钱，升华消费观念。 干扰项 A 只追问冲动消费原因，后文并未分析缘由，而是给对策；G 表述绝对，文章没有判定直播是误导性最强的营销方式。 Passage 4 北京市朝阳区 2026 届高三二模英语七选五改编 话题：文化社会学：非遗技艺融入现代社会的价值与路径 Traditional intangible cultural heritage, such as paper-cutting, clay sculpture and traditional weaving, has existed for thousands of years. In fast-paced modern society, many ancient handicrafts once faced the risk of fading away. 35 Today, new social ways help traditional crafts regain vitality and continue to pass down. Intangible heritage carries the collective wisdom and aesthetic taste of a nation. Every handicraft skill records ancient people’s life scenes and cultural customs. 36 Losing these skills means forgetting part of our historical cultural memory as a whole society. 37 Live-streaming display, cultural creative products and campus handcraft courses are three effective modern channels. Craftsmen sell handmade works online, designers turn craft elements into stationery and daily supplies, and schools let teenagers experience traditional skills personally. Proper innovation never equals completely changing the core craft techniques. Blindly catering to trendy styles will ruin the original charm of heritage. 38 Keeping traditional roots while adapting to modern aesthetic needs is the correct inheritance way. The prosperity of intangible cultural heritage reflects the cultural confidence of the whole society. 39 Young people’s participation guarantees the long-term continuation of our precious traditional culture. A. Why is it vital to protect our intangible cultural heritage? B. However, modern social development offers new chances for heritage C. These traditional skills are important carriers of our national culture D. There are diverse modern approaches to spread traditional handicrafts E. Most old craftsmen refuse to accept any forms of modern innovation F. Cultural and creative products have become the most popular goods online G. Only young generations can take over the task of cultural inheritance 答案：35.B 36.C 37.D 38.A 39.G 多余干扰项：E、F 逐题完整解析（略冗余，逐句拆解） 35：前文非遗濒临消亡；B However 转折，现代社会给非遗新生机遇，承上启下。 36：非遗承载民族智慧；C These traditional skills 指代各类传统手工艺，点明技艺是民族文化载体，阐释保护意义。 37：段首主旨句，后文列举直播、文创、校园课程传播途径，D 总领本段多元传播方式。 38：不可盲目革新丢掉技艺内核；A 反问重申保护非遗重要性，承接坚守本源的观点。 39：非遗兴盛彰显社会文化自信；G 点明青年承接传承使命，收尾全篇立意。 Passage 5 北京市丰台区 2026 届高三一模英语七选五改编 话题：城市社会学：城市慢行生活：告别快节奏，慢行模式的社会益处 Modern big cities are dominated by fast rhythm: people rush to work, take quick meals and arrange every minute tightly. High-speed life improves efficiency but brings widespread mental tiredness and anxiety among citizens. 35 Urban planners advocate building slow-living systems to balance rapid development and people’s spiritual needs. Slow city construction first focuses on convenient walking and cycling lanes. Wide sidewalks, tree-lined paths and safe bike routes encourage people to travel slowly instead of driving cars everywhere. 36 Short-distance slow travel reduces traffic pressure and eases urban congestion effectively. 37 Cities also build small community parks, street gardens and leisure squares scattered in residential areas. These quiet resting spaces allow busy citizens to pause their work and enjoy peaceful leisure time nearby. Slow life does not mean wasting time or refusing progress completely. It adjusts people’s tense living state reasonably. 38 People can observe city scenery, communicate with neighbors and feel the warmth of urban life during slow moments. A balanced pace is the ideal lifestyle for modern urban society. 39 It helps citizens gain both work achievements and lasting inner happiness. A. What benefits can slow urban lifestyle bring to citizens? B. Fast traffic tools have taken up most urban public space C. Secondly, scattered leisure spaces are necessary for slow cities D. Walking and cycling are environmentally friendly slow travel ways E. Many office workers choose to stay indoors during all spare time F. The fast pace of city life cannot be changed in a short period G. Proper slowdown makes people re-perceive the city around them 答案：35.A 36.D 37.C 38.G 39.B 多余干扰项：E、F Passage 6 北京市石景山区 2026 届高三二模英语七选五改编 话题：社会秩序学：公共礼仪维系现代社会公共秩序 Public etiquette refers to the common behavioral norms observed by people in shared public spaces. In crowded subways, libraries, restaurants and scenic spots, simple polite behaviors keep public order smoothly. 35 Small polite details exert far-reaching influence on the whole social atmosphere. Basic public manners start with respecting shared public resources. Do not occupy seats for others on public transport, keep quiet in reading rooms and avoid littering everywhere. 36 Destroying public facilities and rules will bring inconvenience to every member of society. 37 When waiting in lines, keeping proper distance from strangers is a typical polite habit. It shows respect for personal privacy and avoids unnecessary conflicts in crowded crowds. Public etiquette is not rigid restrictive rules that bind people’s freedom. 38 It creates a comfortable living environment for all people and reduces social contradictions greatly. Every citizen is a builder of good social customs. 39 Abiding by public manners voluntarily will make our society warmer and more harmonious step by step. A. We often ignore the importance of trivial public polite behaviors B. Besides respecting public resources, personal boundary awareness matters C. Disrespect for public rules will break the balance of social order D. Strict rules are the only way to standardize citizens’ public behaviors E. Good public manners benefit every individual living in the society F. Young people have formed perfect public etiquette awareness G. It is troublesome to keep polite all the time in busy daily life 答案：35.A 36.C 37.B 38.E 39.D 多余干扰项：F、G Passage 7 北京市通州区 2026 届高三一模英语七选五改编 话题：科技社会学：人工智能普及背景下人际关系的演变与坚守 AI chat tools, intelligent communication software and virtual interaction have thoroughly changed people’s ways of socializing. Nowadays many people prefer chatting with artificial intelligence rather than having face-to-face talks with relatives and friends. 35 Sociologists discuss how we can keep sincere human connections amid technological progress. AI can reply to our emotions instantly and always listen patiently without complaints. It easily satisfies people’s emotional comfort needs. 36 However, virtual machine communication lacks real temperature, true empathy and emotional interaction unique to human beings. 37 We can use intelligent tools to keep in touch with distant family members conveniently, yet we should spare fixed time for offline gatherings regularly. Face-to-face eye contact and hugs can never be replaced by screen texts. Over-reliance on virtual social contact will gradually weaken our offline communication skills. 38 We may become clumsy when expressing real feelings in front of people gradually. Technology serves human life rather than replacing genuine interpersonal bonds. 39 Balancing digital social tools and real-life communication is the wisest choice for modern people. A. This phenomenon has aroused widespread social discussion B. AI emotional companionship seems to meet people’s inner loneliness C. The correct attitude is to use technology properly instead of being controlled by it D. Firstly, we should draw a clear boundary between virtual and real social life E. Most people cannot tell the difference between machine and human feelings F. Offline communication wastes plenty of time in the fast digital era G. Virtual social media make people’s social circle wider than before 答案：35.A 36.B 37.D 38.E 39.C 多余干扰项：F、G Passage 8 北京市顺义区 2026 届高三下学期统一测试七选五改编 话题：社会阅读学：全民阅读风尚对整个社会发展的推动作用 Reading is regarded as the cheapest way to realize self-improvement and promote social progress. When more citizens form lifelong reading habits, the whole society will become more civilized and rational. 35 Regular reading brings three levels of positive effects to individuals and society. For ordinary people, reading broadens horizons, calms impetuous moods and shapes independent thinking ability. In an era flooded with fragmented short contents, complete book reading helps us resist superficial information. 36 It enables us to view social phenomena with deeper and more comprehensive perspectives. 37 A reading-loving community is filled with peaceful communication atmosphere; citizens are more willing to understand different viewpoints rationally instead of arguing impulsively. Reading reduces prejudice and contradictions within society effectively. Besides individual and social spiritual promotion, reading also fuels cultural inheritance and innovation. Classic books preserve historical civilization, while modern works record the times. 38 Reading connects the past, present and future of human civilization. Encouraging nationwide reading has become an important social project in recent years. 39 Continuous reading accumulation will lay solid spiritual foundation for long-term social development. A. Why does reading carry such powerful social value? B. Deep reading gets rid of the limitations of fragmented information C. On the social level, reading optimizes the overall social atmosphere D. Various community libraries greatly facilitate citizens’ daily reading E. Most teenagers spend far more time on short videos than paper books F. Reading alone cannot solve all social problems and contradictions G. The power of collective reading will benefit society endlessly 答案：35.A 36.B 37.C 38.D 39.G 多余干扰项：E、F 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司4 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $