Unit 5 Off to space（复习讲义）英语新教材沪教版七年级上册

该初中英语Unit 5 Off to space复习讲义通过表格梳理与分层框架构建知识体系，涵盖航天核心词汇（如spaceship、gravity）、复合名词构词法、一般将来时语法等要点，用对比表格归纳will与be going to的用法差异，以思维导图呈现语音（长元音/ɜː/、辅音/l//r//h/）与语用写作（太空旅行计划问答、梦想帖子）的逻辑关联，清晰呈现重难点分布与内在联系，助力语言能力系统提升。 讲义亮点在于融合中考链接与情境化练习设计，如通过“leave for某地”句型辨析、because与because of用法对比等考点解析培养思维品质，结合“天问一号”“祝融号”等文化素材设计阅读简答，提升文化意识。测试卷包含选词填空、完形填空及“My Space Trip”书面表达（需用单元词汇），分层适配不同学生，教师可依托明确的重难点与题型示例实施精准教学，学生能通过错题集锦与答题模板自主巩固，有效提升学习能力。

Unit 5 Off to space（复习讲义) 复习要点 1. 核心词汇&短语 航天词汇：spaceship, spacesuit, gravity, breathe, surface 复合名词：space+ship/spacesuit等构词法 2. 语音 长元音 /ɜː/；辅音 /l/ /r/ /h/ 3. 语法核心：一般将来时 1. will+动词原形（临时决定、客观预测） 2. be going to（计划、打算） 4. 语用&写作 1. 口语：太空旅行计划问答 2. 写作：梦想太空旅行帖子（行程、太空生活、想做的事） 5. 文化 天问一号、祝融号；人类太空探索里程碑 复习重难点 重点: 1. will与be going to 用法区分 2. 将来时一般疑问句、否定句变形 3. 太空主题阅读细节定位（因果because/so） 难点: 1. 区分两种将来时语境选用 2. 太空失重等特殊场景英文描述 3. 中国航天成就相关阅读简答 单元考点：单词、短语、句型 一．leave的用法 用法分析 leave意为“离开；出发；离去”，“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”；“ leave for+地点名词”意为“动身去某地”；而“leave+地点名词+for+另一地点名词”则表示“离开某地去另一地”。 我们现在必须出发。We have to leave now. 我们下周将要去北京。We are leaving for Beijing next week. 明天他们将离开南京去杭州。They will leave Nanjing for Hangzhou tomorrow. 注意 leave /leave for多用于进行时表达将来时的句型中。 He is leaving China for Britain tomorrow.他明天将离开中国到英国去。 考点拓展 leave还表示“遗忘，忘带”，即把某物遗忘在某处。 I often leave my wallet at home.我经常把钱包忘在家里。 二．because的用法 用法分析 because做连词“因为；由于”，引导原因状语从句，或回答why引导的特殊疑问句。 你为什么喜欢这个女孩？—Why do you like the girl？ 因为她对我很友好。—Because she is friendly to me. 注意 在表达“因为……所以…”时，汉语总是成对出现，但英语中 because,so两者只能用其一，不能同时使用。 因为她非常聪明，所以我喜欢她。 F:Because she is very clever,so I like her. T:Because she is very clever,I like her. T:She is very clever,so I like her. 考点拓展 because引导的是原因状语从句。because of“因为”是介词短语，后接名词/代词/动名词。because of不能接从句。 He didn't go to school because of his illness. = He didn't go to school because he was ill.因为生病，他没有上学。 中考链接 —___D___do people like swimming？ —Because it is good for their health. A.When B.Where C.What D.Why 三．dream的用法 用法分析 dream做动词，意为“做梦；梦见”。做名词，意为“梦，梦想”，多用于表示心愿或理想。 He often dreams at night.他晚上经常做梦。 Everyone has his dreams.每个人都有梦想。 注意 若表示“梦想，梦见”时，要用 dream of/about（doing）sth.，意为“梦想/梦见（做）某事”。 Some day my dream of becoming a teacher will come true.总有一天我当教师的梦想会实现。 The boy dreams of being a pilot.这男孩子一心想当飞行员。 中考链接 根据汉语提示完成句子 Hold on to your___dream___（梦想）；one day it may come true. 四．hundred的用法 用法分析 hundred百，数词，前面可以加具体的数字，表示“……百”。 我仅有三百元钱。I have only three hundred yuan. 考点拓展 hundreds of表示“数百的，成百上千的”。 Hundreds of students are having a meeting in the hall.数百名学生正在礼堂里开会。 中考特殊考点（1）hundred（百），thousand（千），million（百万），这几个词前面有具体的数词（one,two...）时，不能在它们的后面加s和of。 （2）“hundreds of /thousands of/millions of+名词”，表示“数百的/数千的/数百万的……”。这几个带of的短语前不能加具体数字，但可以加some,several,hundreds of等修饰。 five hundred people五百人 hundreds of trees 成百上千棵树 three thousand students三千名学生thousands of tourists成千上万名游客 中考链接 In our hometown,___C___villagers leave for big cities to look for jobs. A.two hundreds of B.hundred of C.hundreds of D.two hundreds 五．be interested in的用法 用法分析 be interested in sth.表示“对…感兴趣”，主语通常是“人”，相当于take/ have interest in。 我对这个有趣的课题感兴趣。I'm interested in the interesting project. 考点辨析 interest,interesting,interested interest 名词“兴趣”；做动词“使……产生兴趣。places of Interest名胜古迹。 interesting 形容词“有趣的，令人产生兴趣的”， 表示事物的词做主语或 interesting做定语。 interested 形容词“对……感兴趣的，对……表现出兴趣的”，指某人对某事物感兴趣，常是人做主语。be/get/become interested in对……感兴趣。 He interested me in politics.他使我对政治产生了兴趣。 This book is interesting.这本书很有趣。 Are you interested in English？你对英语感兴趣吗？ 中考链接 根据汉语提示完成句子 Nowadays,many foreigners___are/get/become___ ___interested___ ___in___（对……感兴趣）learning Chinese. 六．It takes sb. some time to do sth.的用法 用法分析take意为“花费”，It takes sb. some time to do sth.意为“花费某人多长时间做某事”。It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。此句型可换为人做主语，即Sb. spends+时间（+in） doing sth.某人花多少时间做某事。 晚上他要花一小时做作业。It takes him an hour to do his homework in the evening. =He spends an hour doing his homework in the evening. It takes me ten minutes to walk to school from here.从这儿步行去学校我需要花10分钟。 中考链接 It often takes me two hours___C___ my homework in the evening. A.do B.doing C.to do 七．It is+adj.（for sb.）+to do sth.的用法 用法分析“It is+adj.（+for sb.）+to do sth.”意为“做某事（对某人而言）是……”。sb.为宾格代词或名词。形容词是描述事物的词（如easy,difficult,hard,important, necessary,dangerous等）。 It is easy for me to study English well学好英语对我来说是容易的。 It's very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.对孩子们来说，穿过繁忙的街道是很危险的。 考点拓展 如果形容词表示人的性格与品质（如kind,good,nice, clever, foolish等）时，用句型“It is+形容词+of sb.+to do sth.”。 It's very kind of you to help me.你能帮我真好。 中考链接 It's necessary for us___A___ English well. A.to learn B.learning C.learn 八．so的用法 用法分析so意为“因此，所以”。连接并列句，前一分句表示原因，后一分句表示结果。 爱丽丝努力学习，因此她能够通过这次考试。 Alice studies hard,so she can pass the exam. 注意 so与 because不能同时使用。 Math is interesting,so I like it.数学很有趣，所以我喜欢它。 I like math because it's interesting.我喜欢数学，因为它有趣。 中考链接 Taxi Apps（打车软件）can help us travel around more easily.___B___ more and more people like using them. A.Or B.So C.And D.But 九．so that的用法 用法分析 so that意为“以便，为了，为的是”，引导目的状语从句，相当于in order that，从句中常使用can/could/may/might /will/should/shall等情态动词或助动词。so that还可以引导结果状语从句，前面常用逗号隔开，意为“所以”。 我们早早地出发以便能按时到达。We set out early so that we can arrive on time. =We set out early in order that we can arrive on time. 他起得早，所以赶上了早班公交车。He got up early so that he caught the early bus. 考点拓展so...that...意为“如此……以至于”，so修饰形容词或副词原级，that引导结果状语从句。 The computer is so expensive that I can't afford it.这台电脑太贵了，以至于我买不起。 中考链接 根据汉语意思完成句子 我们应该学好英语，以便能向世界讲述中国故事。 We should learn English well so that we can tell China stories to the world. 十．stop的用法 用法分析 stop动词“停止，中断”。stop doing sth.表示“停止做某事”。 考点辨析 stop doing sth.，stop to do sth stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事，动名词做宾语。 stop to do sth. 停下正在做的事去做另外一件事。 当我妈妈进来的时候，我就不看电视了。When my mom comes in, I stop watching TV. 我们应该停下来休息一会儿。We should stop to have a rest. 考点拓展 stop…from doing sth.意为“阻止……做某事”。 The heavy rain stopped us from going out.大雨阻止了我们外出。 中考链接 Please stop ___B___ and go out for a walk. Remember ______ warm clothes. A. to study；wearing B. studying；to wear C. to study；to wear D. studying；wearing 十一．prepare的用法 用法分析prepare动词，意为“准备；预备；提防（某种情况）”。prepare for...为…….做准备。 我们正在为英语考试做准备。We are preparing for the English test. 她正在准备晚饭。She is preparing dinner. 考点拓展 prepare的搭配 prepare sth. 准备某物/事 prepare sth. for sb. 为某人准备某物 prepare to do sth. 准备做某事 prepare for… 为……做准备 be prepared against sth. 对……做好准备（指不好的事情） prepare sb. for sth. 使某人对某事有所准备 They were preparing to cross the river when it began to rain.他们正准备过河，突然下雨了。 The students are busy preparing for the final exam.学生们正忙着准备期末考试。 We must be prepared against war.我们必须备战。 考题预测 To prepare ___B___ a big exam, the students in Class 2 are all working hard. A. in B. for C. about D. of 单元语法：一般将来时 一、基本用法 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作，常常与表示将来的时间状语连用。 一般将来时的标志词：tomorrow，next week，next month，in 100 years，before long，soon，in the future，some day等。 1.“will或shall+动词原形”表示纯粹将来发生的事情、征求对方的意见或客气的邀请。在口语中will用于所有人称，书面语中第一人称常用shall。 The rain will stop soon.雨很快就要停了。 Shall we take a taxi or a bus to the park？我们是乘出租车还是乘公共汽车去公园？ Will you please open the door？请你把门打开，好吗？ 2.“be going to+动词原形”用来表示近期或事先考虑过的将要发生的动作以及已有迹象表明必将发生某事，意为“打算，就要”。 We're going to meet outside the school gate.我们打算在校门外见面。 Look！It's going to rain.瞧！快下雨了。 二、特殊用法 1.表示位置移动的动词（如：go，come，leave，start，arrive等），用现在进行时表示将来。 Uncle Wang is coming soon.王叔叔不久就要来了。 They're leaving for Beijing.他们即将前往北京。 2.根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作，在时间和条件状语从句中，都可用一般现在时表示将来。 If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go out for a picnic.如果明天不下雨，我们将出去野餐。 She will telephone you as soon as she arrives in Beijing.她一到达北京就会给你打电话。 三、难点突破 1.There be句型的一般将来时的肯定结构： There will be+名词+其他成分/There is /are going to be+名词+其他成分。 There will be a meeting tomorrow morning.明天上午有个会议。 2.There be句型的一般将来时的否定结构：There won't be+名词+其他成分.。 There won't be rain tomorrow.明天不会下雨。 3.There be句型的一般将来时的一般疑问句结构及其回答：Will there be+名词+其他成分？肯定回答：Yes, there will.，否定回答：No, there won't.。 -Will there be schools in the future？将来有学校吗？ -Yes, there will./No, there won't.是的，有。/不，没有。 4.There be句型的一般将来时的特殊疑问句结 构：特殊疑问词+will there be+名词+其他成分？ When will there be a chance for us to meet？我们什么时候才有机会见面？ 5.There be句型的一般将来时的反意疑问句：There won't be+名词十其他成分，will there？/There will be+名词+其他成分，won't there？ There won't be any meeting this Friday, will there？这周五没有任何会议，是不是？ 一.用所给词的适当形式填空 1 We shall go（go）to the park this Sunday. 2 If it doesn't rain this Saturday, we will go（go）for a picnic. 3 They are leaving（leave）for London tomorrow. 4 won’t（not）go there if it rains tomorrow. 5 There will be（be）more buildings in our city in twenty years. 二.单项填空 6 Michael ___C___ in a school in Yunnan from February to June next year. A. teaches B. taught C. will teach D. was teaching 7 -Have you watched the new movie, Joe？ -No, I ___D___ it with my sister this evening. A. watch B. are watching C. watched D. will watch 8 -Do you know when Mrs. White ___A___ for dinner this evening？ -No, but I think she ______ when she is free. A. will come；will come B. will come；comes C. comes；will come 9 The TV news reports that there ___C___ a storm the day after tomorrow. A. is B. was C. will be D. has been 10 -We ___D___ to Yun Brocade Museum with the exchange students this coming summer holiday. -That's amazing！ A. went B. go C. have gone D. will go 11 Honey, where are you？ -I . ___C___ Just let me put on my shoes. A. come B. came C. am coming D. have come 12 Robots ___A___ more heavy work for us in the future. A. will do B. did C. have done D. were doing 13 -Have you watched the movie Operation Red Sea？ -Not yet. I___C___ it with my friends tomorrow. A. watch B. have watched C. will watch D. am watching 14 -Will there be many robots in people's home？ - ___B___ . Robots will help people a lot. A. Yes, they will B. Yes, there will C. No, they won't D. No, there won't 15 -Mike, you look so excited！ -Yeah！There ___B___ a tennis game played by Li Na this evening. A. will have B. is going to be C. is going to have D. are going to be （时间：30分钟） 沪教版七年级英语上册Unit5 Off to space 单元测试卷 一、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，每词仅用一次。 breathe, gravity, orbit, kilometre, weak, tie, camera, return, explore, surface Space travel is amazing but difficult. There is low 1 in space. People will feel 2 if they stay in space for a long time. Astronauts must 3 their sleeping bags to the wall. It is hard for humans to 4 without special spacesuits. A spaceship usually flies hundreds of thousands of 5 to reach other planets. It will 6 a planet several times before landing. Astronauts use 7 to take pictures of the planet 8 . After finishing their tasks, astronauts will 9 safely to Earth. Humans will keep trying 10 the mysterious universe in the future. 二、单词拼写 11．I look forward to ________ (travel) into space one day. 12．In the future, scientists ________ (build) more modern space stations. 13．Low gravity makes our bodies even ________ (weak). 14．________ (live) in space is quite different from living on Earth. 15．The spacesuit can help astronauts ________ (breath) in space. 16．The moon ________ (circle) the Earth every month. 17．Many stars are ________ (mystery) to human beings now. 18．It takes astronauts hours ________ (get) into space orbit. 19．These photos ________ (take) by an astronaut last year. 20．We should exercise ________ (keep) our bodies strong. 三、阅读理解 For common people, space travel still sounds like a wonderful dream. However, with the development of space technology, simple space trips will come true in the near future. A private space company plans to open space travel to common visitors in 2030. During the trip, travellers will fly into low Earth orbit. They will stay in a small space station for two days. There is no strong gravity, so all things float. Travellers must learn basic skills before the trip, such as how to eat and sleep in space. They also need healthy bodies because space travel is not easy. Travellers can enjoy the beautiful view of the blue Earth and bright stars. They can take photos and record videos. The company says the trip is safe for healthy adults. Although the ticket is very expensive now, more people will have the chance to travel into space in the future. 21．When will the private company open space travel for common people? A．In 2025. B．In 2030. C．In 2050. D．In 2100. 22．How long will visitors stay in the space station? A．Two days. B．One week. C．One month. D．Half a year. 23．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Space travel is cheap for everyone now. B．Travellers don’t need to learn any skills. C．People can see the Earth from the space station. D．Kids can take part in the space trip easily. 24．The underlined word “private” means ________ in Chinese. A．公立的 B．私人的 C．古老的 D．国际的 四、完形填空 Many children dream of becoming astronauts. Sophia is one of them. She is a 14-year-old girl and she loves space very much. She spends all her free time reading books about the 25 . Sophia thinks space is a magic place. There are countless stars and strange planets. She is 26 in the silent and dark space. She knows living in space is not 27 . Astronauts can not walk freely because of low gravity. They must tie their things tightly. Sometimes they feel weak and tired, so they keep 28 every day. Last month, Sophia visited a space museum. She saw real spacesuits and old spaceships. The guide told her some 29 stories about astronauts. Sophia took a 30 to record every wonderful minute. She made a special plan for her future. She will study hard to learn math and science 31 . “I will never give up my dream,” Sophia said. “I hope I can 32 a spaceship one day. I want to walk on other planets and look for new lives. Even if the trip is full of 33 , I will keep going. I believe my dream will come true 34 I never stop trying.” 25．A．ocean B．universe C．forest D．river 26．A．interested B．bored C．weak D．strict 27．A．difficult B．dangerous C．easy D．hard 28．A．sleeping B．exercising C．crying D．waiting 29．A．boring B．terrible C．amazing D．meaningless 30．A．camera B．book C．pen D．seat 31．A．badly B．slowly C．carelessly D．well 32．A．take B．make C．drive D．send 33．A．dangers B．joys C．foods D．dreams 34．A．so B．because C．if D．but 五、阅读理解 阅读短文，从下面选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。有一项为多余选项。 What do astronauts do in the space station? 35 Let’s learn about their daily life. First, their eating habits are different. Food is dried or sealed in small boxes. Crumbs will float everywhere in space. 36 For drinks, they cannot use common cups. 37 Besides doing scientific experiments, astronauts have simple housework every day. 38 Keeping a clean station is important for their health. Although space life is hard, every astronaut loves their job and enjoys staying in space. A．They drink water from special bags. B．Many people wonder about astronauts’ daily life. C．It is dangerous to take ordinary food in space. D．They also need to clean their living space. E．The weather in space changes all the time. 六、书面表达 39．（畅想太空）假如你将来有机会进入太空，请以My Space Trip为题写一篇英语短文。 要求：1. 词数60-80词；2. 包含至少3个本单元单词；3. 语句通顺，语法正确。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案： 1．gravity 2．weak 3．tie 4．breathe 5．kilometres 6．orbit 7．cameras 8．surface 9．return 10．to explore 【导语】本文介绍了太空旅行的挑战和宇航员在太空中的生活，包括失重环境、特殊装备、飞行距离、探测任务及未来探索计划。 【详解】1．句意：太空中有低重力。此处需要一个名词，在句中作“there is”的主语。前文提到“Space travel is amazing but difficult.”，后文提到“People will feel …”，说明太空中的低重力是导致其他困难的原因。“gravity”意为“重力”，符合语境。 2．句意：如果人们在太空待很长时间，他们会感到虚弱。此处需要一个形容词，在句中作系动词“feel”的表语。前文提到“low gravity”，后文提到需要将睡袋绑在墙上，说明失重环境下人会感到虚弱。“weak”意为“虚弱的”，符合语境。 3．句意：宇航员必须把他们的睡袋绑在墙上。此处需要一个动词原形，在句中作谓语。后文提到“to the wall”，说明需要用绳子等将睡袋固定在墙上。“tie”意为“绑”，符合语境。 4．句意：没有特殊的太空服，人类很难呼吸。此处需要一个动词，在句中作“to”后的宾语。前文提到“without special spacesuits”，说明在太空中没有特殊装备，人类无法正常呼吸。“breathe”意为“呼吸”，符合语境。 5．句意：宇宙飞船通常飞行数十万公里才能到达其他行星。此处需要一个名词，在句中作“of”的宾语。前文提到“spaceship usually flies”，后文提到“to reach other planets”，说明飞行距离以公里为单位。“kilometre”意为“公里”，符合语境，thousands of后接复数，填kilometres。 6．句意：在着陆前，它会环绕一颗行星几次。此处需要一个动词，在句中作谓语。后文提到“several times before landing”，说明在着陆前需要环绕行星飞行。“orbit”意为“环绕”，符合语境。 7．句意：宇航员使用相机拍摄行星表面的照片。此处需要一个名词，在句中作“use”的宾语。后文提到“to take pictures”，说明拍摄照片需要相机。“camera”表示“相机”，空格无冠词，填复数形式cameras。 8．句意：宇航员使用相机拍摄行星表面的照片。此处需要一个名词，在句中作“of”的宾语。前文提到“take pictures of the planet”，后文提到拍照的对象应是行星的表面。“surface”意为“表面”，符合语境。 9．句意：完成任务后，宇航员将安全返回地球。此处需要一个动词，在句中作谓语。前文提到“After finishing their tasks”，后文提到“to Earth”，说明宇航员会返回地球。“return”意为“返回”，will后加动词原形。 10．句意：人类将继续探索神秘的宇宙。此处需要一个动词不定式，在句中作“trying”的宾语。前文提到“in the future”，后文提到“the mysterious universe”，说明未来将继续探索宇宙。explore表示“探索”，符合语境，其不定式形式为to explore。 11．travelling/traveling 【详解】句意：我期待有一天能去太空旅行。原句中固定搭配look forward to doing sth.表示“期待做某事”，to是介词，后面需要接动名词形式，travel的动名词为travelling/traveling。 12．will build 【详解】句意：在未来，科学家们将建造更多现代化的空间站。原句中In the future意为“在将来”，是一般将来时的标志，谓语动词使用will+动词原形，因此填will build，符合句子逻辑及语境。 13．weaker 【详解】句意：低重力会让我们的身体变得更加虚弱。原句中even用来修饰形容词比较级，weak的比较级形式是weaker，因此填weaker，符合句子逻辑及语境。 14．Living 【详解】句意：在太空生活和在地球上生活大不相同。原句中此处需要动名词在句中充当主语，动词live要变为living，句首单词首字母大写，因此填Living，符合句子逻辑及语境。 15．breathe 【详解】句意：宇航服可以帮助宇航员在太空中呼吸。help sb. (to) do sth.表示“帮助某人做某事”，breath是名词，需要变为动词breathe，不定式符号to可以省略，因此填breathe。 16．circles 【详解】句意：月球每个月绕地球公转一次。所给动词为circle（环绕；绕……运行）。本句描述客观事实和规律，应用一般现在时；主语The moon为第三人称单数，谓语动词circle应变为circles。故填circles。 17．mysterious 【详解】句意：现在许多星星对人类来说还是神秘的。原句中be动词后需要使用形容词作表语，名词mystery对应的形容词是mysterious，因此填mysterious，符合句子逻辑及语境。 18．to get 【详解】句意：宇航员要花费数小时才能进入太空轨道。固定句型It takes sb. some time to do sth.，表示“做某事花费某人多长时间”，此处需要用动词不定式，因此填to get，符合句子逻辑及语境。 19．were taken 【详解】句意：这些照片是去年由一位宇航员拍摄的。所给动词为take（拍摄）。主语These photos与动词 take 之间为被动关系（照片被拍摄），且时间状语last year表示过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was/were+过去分词”。主语These photos为复数，助动词用were，take的过去分词为taken。应填were taken。 20．to keep 【详解】句意：我们应该锻炼身体以保持身体强壮。所给动词为keep（保持）。句中“锻炼身体”的目的是“保持身体强壮”，需要用不定式作目的状语，故填to keep。 21．B 22．A 23．C 24．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一家私营太空公司的开放计划：该公司计划2030年向普通游客开放太空旅行，同时说明了该旅行的行程安排及对旅行者的要求。 【详解】21．原文第一段最后一句“A private space company plans to open space travel to common visitors in 2030”可直接得出时间是2030年。 22．原文第二段第二句“They will stay in a small space station for two days”可直接得出在空间站停留时间是两天。 23．A项错误，文中第三段提到“ticket is very expensive now”（现在票价很贵）；B项错误，第二段提到“Travellers must learn basic skills”（游客必须学习基本技能）；D项错误，第三段提到“safe for healthy adults”（对健康成年人安全），未提及儿童；C项正确，对应第三段第一句“Travellers can enjoy the beautiful view of the blue Earth”（游客可以欣赏蓝色地球的美景）。 24．“private”常见释义为“私人的”，结合语境“一家私人太空公司计划在2030年为普通游客开放太空旅行”，可知这里“private”是“私人的”意思。 25．B 26．A 27．C 28．B 29．C 30．A 31．D 32．C 33．A 34．C 【导语】本文讲述了热爱太空的14岁女孩Sophia的航天梦。她了解太空生活的不易，在参观太空博物馆后更加坚定目标，努力学习数理知识，坚信只要永不停止尝试，就能实现自己的航天梦想。 【详解】25．句意：她把所有空闲时间都用来读关于宇宙的书籍。 前文提到Sophia热爱太空，对应的阅读内容是和宇宙相关的，应用universe“宇宙”。ocean“海洋”，forest“森林”，river“河流”，均与太空主题无关。 26．句意：她对寂静而黑暗的太空充满兴趣。 “be interested in”为固定搭配，意为“对……感兴趣”，符合她热爱太空的设定。bored“厌烦的”，weak“虚弱的”，strict“严格的”，均不符合语境与固定搭配。 27．句意：她知道在太空生活并不容易。 后文列举了低重力无法自由行走、物品必须绑紧、身体易疲惫等不便，说明太空生活并不轻松，应用easy“容易的”。difficult“困难的”，dangerous“危险的”，hard“艰难的”，填入后与not连用均不符合后文侧重“生活不便、不轻松”的表意。 28．句意：有时他们会感到虚弱疲惫，因此每天都坚持锻炼。 为了应对太空环境对身体的影响，宇航员需要坚持锻炼保持状态，应用exercising“锻炼”。sleeping“睡觉”，crying“哭泣”，waiting“等待”，均不符合保持身体状态的逻辑。 29．句意：导游给她讲了一些关于宇航员的精彩故事。 Sophia热爱太空，导游讲述的宇航员相关故事是令人惊叹的，应用amazing“令人惊叹的”。boring“无聊的”，terrible“可怕的”，meaningless“无意义的”，均不符合语境。 30．句意：Sophia拿出相机记录下每一个精彩的瞬间。 能记录画面瞬间的工具是相机，应用camera“相机”。book“书本”，pen“钢笔”，seat“座位”，均不具备记录瞬间的功能。 31．句意：她会努力学习，把数学和科学学好。 副词well修饰动词learn，表“学得好”，符合为梦想努力学习的语境。badly“糟糕地”，slowly“缓慢地”，carelessly“粗心地”，均不符合努力学习的状态。 32．句意：我希望有一天能驾驶宇宙飞船。 “drive a spaceship”是常用搭配，意为“驾驶宇宙飞船”，符合宇航员的职业行为。take“拿取”，make“制作”，send“发送”，均不符合语境。 33．句意：即使这场旅途充满危险，我也会坚持走下去。 太空探索存在诸多未知与风险，应用dangers“危险”。joys“乐趣”，foods“食物”，dreams“梦想”，均不符合“坚持前行”的转折逻辑。 34．句意：我相信如果我永不停止尝试，我的梦想就会实现。 后半句是前半句成立的条件，应用if“如果”引导条件状语从句。so“所以”表结果，because“因为”表原因，but“但是”表转折，均不符合逻辑关系。 35．B 36．C 37．A 38．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了宇航员在空间站的日常生活，从特殊的饮食习惯、日常清洁工作两方面展开说明，展现了太空生活的独特之处，同时点明宇航员虽身处艰苦环境仍热爱自己的工作。 【详解】35．根据上文“What do astronauts do in the space station?”以及下文“Let’s learn about their daily life.”可知，前文提出关于宇航员太空工作生活的疑问，此处承接问题，引出人们对宇航员日常生活的好奇。B选项“Many people wonder about astronauts’ daily life.”承接上文的问题，自然引出后文对宇航员日常生活的具体介绍，符合语境。 36．根据上文“Crumbs will float everywhere in space.”可知，前文说明太空环境下食物碎屑会四处飘浮，此处点明普通食物在太空存在的隐患。C选项 “It is dangerous to take ordinary food in space.”承接前文碎屑飘浮的内容，解释了太空食物需要脱水、密封存放的原因，符合语境。 37．根据上文“For drinks, they cannot use common cups.”可知，前文说明宇航员无法使用普通杯子饮用饮品，此处介绍宇航员对应的饮水方式。A选项“They drink water from special bags.”承接前文不能使用普通杯子的内容，说明太空饮水的特殊方式，符合语境。 38．根据上文“Besides doing scientific experiments, astronauts have simple housework every day.”以及下文“Keeping a clean station is important for their health.”可知，前文提到宇航员每日要完成简单家务，后文说明保持空间站清洁对健康的重要性。D选项“They also need to clean their living space.”承接前文的家务内容，引出后文清洁工作的意义，符合语境。 39．例文： My Space Trip If I have a chance to travel into space, I will be very excited. I will wear a special spacesuit. I can float because of low gravity. I will take a camera to take photos of the Earth. I will also do some simple experiments. I know space life is not easy, but it will be an amazing experience. I hope my space dream can come true one day. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：畅想未来的记叙文，以一般将来时为主，展开对太空旅行的想象与憧憬 明确要点：表达进入太空的愿望、描绘在太空中的活动与见闻、抒发情感与期待 确定人称：第一人称（I/my） 注意事项：词数60-80词，包含至少3个本单元单词，语句通顺，语法正确 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：总起，表达进入太空的兴奋心情 主体段：分述太空中的具体活动 结尾段：总结，点明太空生活虽不易但值得，表达梦想成真的愿望 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：总起与情感 表达心情：have a chance to travel into space/will be very excited/be happy等 要点二：太空中的具体活动 具体活动：will wear a special spacesuit/can float because of low gravity/will take a camera to take photos of the Earth/will do some simple experiments/read a book/listen to music等 要点三：感悟与期待 感悟：space life is not easy/it will be an amazing experience/I hope my space dream can come true one day/look forward to going into ‌space/look forward to travelling into space等 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Off to space（复习讲义) 复习要点 1. 核心词汇&短语 航天词汇：spaceship, spacesuit, gravity, breathe, surface 复合名词：space+ship/spacesuit等构词法 2. 语音 长元音 /ɜː/；辅音 /l/ /r/ /h/ 3. 语法核心：一般将来时 1. will+动词原形（临时决定、客观预测） 2. be going to（计划、打算） 4. 语用&写作 1. 口语：太空旅行计划问答 2. 写作：梦想太空旅行帖子（行程、太空生活、想做的事） 5. 文化 天问一号、祝融号；人类太空探索里程碑 复习重难点 重点: 1. will与be going to 用法区分 2. 将来时一般疑问句、否定句变形 3. 太空主题阅读细节定位（因果because/so） 难点: 1. 区分两种将来时语境选用 2. 太空失重等特殊场景英文描述 3. 中国航天成就相关阅读简答 单元考点：单词、短语、句型 一．leave的用法 用法分析 leave意为“离开；出发；离去”，“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”；“ leave for+地点名词”意为“动身去某地”；而“leave+地点名词+for+另一地点名词”则表示“离开某地去另一地”。 我们现在必须出发。We have to leave now. 我们下周将要去北京。We are leaving for Beijing next week. 明天他们将离开南京去杭州。They will leave Nanjing for Hangzhou tomorrow. 注意 leave /leave for多用于进行时表达将来时的句型中。 He is leaving China for Britain tomorrow.他明天将离开中国到英国去。 考点拓展 leave还表示“遗忘，忘带”，即把某物遗忘在某处。 I often leave my wallet at home.我经常把钱包忘在家里。 二．because的用法 用法分析 because做连词“因为；由于”，引导原因状语从句，或回答why引导的特殊疑问句。 你为什么喜欢这个女孩？—Why do you like the girl？ 因为她对我很友好。—Because she is friendly to me. 注意 在表达“因为……所以…”时，汉语总是成对出现，但英语中 because,so两者只能用其一，不能同时使用。 因为她非常聪明，所以我喜欢她。 F:Because she is very clever,so I like her. T:Because she is very clever,I like her. T:She is very clever,so I like her. 考点拓展 because引导的是原因状语从句。because of“因为”是介词短语，后接名词/代词/动名词。because of不能接从句。 He didn't go to school because of his illness. = He didn't go to school because he was ill.因为生病，他没有上学。 中考链接 — do people like swimming？ —Because it is good for their health. A.When B.Where C.What D.Why 三．dream的用法 用法分析 dream做动词，意为“做梦；梦见”。做名词，意为“梦，梦想”，多用于表示心愿或理想。 He often dreams at night.他晚上经常做梦。 Everyone has his dreams.每个人都有梦想。 注意 若表示“梦想，梦见”时，要用 dream of/about（doing）sth.，意为“梦想/梦见（做）某事”。 Some day my dream of becoming a teacher will come true.总有一天我当教师的梦想会实现。 The boy dreams of being a pilot.这男孩子一心想当飞行员。 中考链接 根据汉语提示完成句子 Hold on to your （梦想）；one day it may come true. 四．hundred的用法 用法分析 hundred百，数词，前面可以加具体的数字，表示“……百”。 我仅有三百元钱。I have only three hundred yuan. 考点拓展 hundreds of表示“数百的，成百上千的”。 Hundreds of students are having a meeting in the hall.数百名学生正在礼堂里开会。 中考特殊考点（1）hundred（百），thousand（千），million（百万），这几个词前面有具体的数词（one,two...）时，不能在它们的后面加s和of。 （2）“hundreds of /thousands of/millions of+名词”，表示“数百的/数千的/数百万的……”。这几个带of的短语前不能加具体数字，但可以加some,several,hundreds of等修饰。 five hundred people五百人 hundreds of trees 成百上千棵树 three thousand students三千名学生thousands of tourists成千上万名游客 中考链接 In our hometown, villagers leave for big cities to look for jobs. A.two hundreds of B.hundred of C.hundreds of D.two hundreds 五．be interested in的用法 用法分析 be interested in sth.表示“对…感兴趣”，主语通常是“人”，相当于take/ have interest in。 我对这个有趣的课题感兴趣。I'm interested in the interesting project. 考点辨析 interest,interesting,interested interest 名词“兴趣”；做动词“使……产生兴趣。places of Interest名胜古迹。 interesting 形容词“有趣的，令人产生兴趣的”， 表示事物的词做主语或 interesting做定语。 interested 形容词“对……感兴趣的，对……表现出兴趣的”，指某人对某事物感兴趣，常是人做主语。be/get/become interested in对……感兴趣。 He interested me in politics.他使我对政治产生了兴趣。 This book is interesting.这本书很有趣。 Are you interested in English？你对英语感兴趣吗？ 中考链接 根据汉语提示完成句子 Nowadays,many foreigners （对……感兴趣）learning Chinese. 六．It takes sb. some time to do sth.的用法 用法分析take意为“花费”，It takes sb. some time to do sth.意为“花费某人多长时间做某事”。It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。此句型可换为人做主语，即Sb. spends+时间（+in） doing sth.某人花多少时间做某事。 晚上他要花一小时做作业。It takes him an hour to do his homework in the evening. =He spends an hour doing his homework in the evening. It takes me ten minutes to walk to school from here.从这儿步行去学校我需要花10分钟。 中考链接 It often takes me two hours my homework in the evening. A.do B.doing C.to do 七．It is+adj.（for sb.）+to do sth.的用法 用法分析“It is+adj.（+for sb.）+to do sth.”意为“做某事（对某人而言）是……”。sb.为宾格代词或名词。形容词是描述事物的词（如easy,difficult,hard,important, necessary,dangerous等）。 It is easy for me to study English well学好英语对我来说是容易的。 It's very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.对孩子们来说，穿过繁忙的街道是很危险的。 考点拓展 如果形容词表示人的性格与品质（如kind,good,nice, clever, foolish等）时，用句型“It is+形容词+of sb.+to do sth.”。 It's very kind of you to help me.你能帮我真好。 中考链接 It's necessary for us English well. A.to learn B.learning C.learn 八．so的用法 用法分析so意为“因此，所以”。连接并列句，前一分句表示原因，后一分句表示结果。 爱丽丝努力学习，因此她能够通过这次考试。 Alice studies hard,so she can pass the exam. 注意 so与 because不能同时使用。 Math is interesting,so I like it.数学很有趣，所以我喜欢它。 I like math because it's interesting.我喜欢数学，因为它有趣。 中考链接 Taxi Apps（打车软件）can help us travel around more easily. more and more people like using them. A.Or B.So C.And D.But 九．so that的用法 用法分析 so that意为“以便，为了，为的是”，引导目的状语从句，相当于in order that，从句中常使用can/could/may/might /will/should/shall等情态动词或助动词。so that还可以引导结果状语从句，前面常用逗号隔开，意为“所以”。 我们早早地出发以便能按时到达。We set out early so that we can arrive on time. =We set out early in order that we can arrive on time. 他起得早，所以赶上了早班公交车。He got up early so that he caught the early bus. 考点拓展so...that...意为“如此……以至于”，so修饰形容词或副词原级，that引导结果状语从句。 The computer is so expensive that I can't afford it.这台电脑太贵了，以至于我买不起。 中考链接 根据汉语意思完成句子 我们应该学好英语，以便能向世界讲述中国故事。 We should learn English well we can tell China stories to the world. 十．stop的用法 用法分析 stop动词“停止，中断”。stop doing sth.表示“停止做某事”。 考点辨析 stop doing sth.，stop to do sth stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事，动名词做宾语。 stop to do sth. 停下正在做的事去做另外一件事。 当我妈妈进来的时候，我就不看电视了。When my mom comes in, I stop watching TV. 我们应该停下来休息一会儿。We should stop to have a rest. 考点拓展 stop…from doing sth.意为“阻止……做某事”。 The heavy rain stopped us from going out.大雨阻止了我们外出。 中考链接 Please stop and go out for a walk. Remember ______ warm clothes. A. to study；wearing B. studying；to wear C. to study；to wear D. studying；wearing 十一．prepare的用法 用法分析prepare动词，意为“准备；预备；提防（某种情况）”。prepare for...为…….做准备。 我们正在为英语考试做准备。We are preparing for the English test. 她正在准备晚饭。She is preparing dinner. 考点拓展 prepare的搭配 prepare sth. 准备某物/事 prepare sth. for sb. 为某人准备某物 prepare to do sth. 准备做某事 prepare for… 为……做准备 be prepared against sth. 对……做好准备（指不好的事情） prepare sb. for sth. 使某人对某事有所准备 They were preparing to cross the river when it began to rain.他们正准备过河，突然下雨了。 The students are busy preparing for the final exam.学生们正忙着准备期末考试。 We must be prepared against war.我们必须备战。 考题预测 To prepare a big exam, the students in Class 2 are all working hard. A. in B. for C. about D. of 单元语法：一般将来时 一、基本用法 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作，常常与表示将来的时间状语连用。 一般将来时的标志词：tomorrow，next week，next month，in 100 years，before long，soon，in the future，some day等。 1.“will或shall+动词原形”表示纯粹将来发生的事情、征求对方的意见或客气的邀请。在口语中will用于所有人称，书面语中第一人称常用shall。 The rain will stop soon.雨很快就要停了。 Shall we take a taxi or a bus to the park？我们是乘出租车还是乘公共汽车去公园？ Will you please open the door？请你把门打开，好吗？ 2.“be going to+动词原形”用来表示近期或事先考虑过的将要发生的动作以及已有迹象表明必将发生某事，意为“打算，就要”。 We're going to meet outside the school gate.我们打算在校门外见面。 Look！It's going to rain.瞧！快下雨了。 二、特殊用法 1.表示位置移动的动词（如：go，come，leave，start，arrive等），用现在进行时表示将来。 Uncle Wang is coming soon.王叔叔不久就要来了。 They're leaving for Beijing.他们即将前往北京。 2.根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作，在时间和条件状语从句中，都可用一般现在时表示将来。 If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go out for a picnic.如果明天不下雨，我们将出去野餐。 She will telephone you as soon as she arrives in Beijing.她一到达北京就会给你打电话。 三、难点突破 1.There be句型的一般将来时的肯定结构： There will be+名词+其他成分/There is /are going to be+名词+其他成分。 There will be a meeting tomorrow morning.明天上午有个会议。 2.There be句型的一般将来时的否定结构：There won't be+名词+其他成分.。 There won't be rain tomorrow.明天不会下雨。 3.There be句型的一般将来时的一般疑问句结构及其回答：Will there be+名词+其他成分？肯定回答：Yes, there will.，否定回答：No, there won't.。 -Will there be schools in the future？将来有学校吗？ -Yes, there will./No, there won't.是的，有。/不，没有。 4.There be句型的一般将来时的特殊疑问句结 构：特殊疑问词+will there be+名词+其他成分？ When will there be a chance for us to meet？我们什么时候才有机会见面？ 5.There be句型的一般将来时的反意疑问句：There won't be+名词十其他成分，will there？/There will be+名词+其他成分，won't there？ There won't be any meeting this Friday, will there？这周五没有任何会议，是不是？ 一.用所给词的适当形式填空 1 We shall （go）to the park this Sunday. 2 If it doesn't rain this Saturday, we （go）for a picnic. 3 They are （leave）for London tomorrow. 4 （not）go there if it rains tomorrow. 5 There will （be）more buildings in our city in twenty years. 二.单项填空 6 Michael in a school in Yunnan from February to June next year. A. teaches B. taught C. will teach D. was teaching 7 -Have you watched the new movie, Joe？ -No, I it with my sister this evening. A. watch B. are watching C. watched D. will watch 8 -Do you know when Mrs. White for dinner this evening？ -No, but I think she ______ when she is free. A. will come；will come B. will come；comes C. comes；will come 9 The TV news reports that there a storm the day after tomorrow. A. is B. was C. will be D. has been 10 -We to Yun Brocade Museum with the exchange students this coming summer holiday. -That's amazing！ A. went B. go C. have gone D. will go 11 Honey, where are you？ -I . Just let me put on my shoes. A. come B. came C. am coming D. have come 12 Robots more heavy work for us in the future. A. will do B. did C. have done D. were doing 13 -Have you watched the movie Operation Red Sea？ -Not yet. I it with my friends tomorrow. A. watch B. have watched C. will watch D. am watching 14 -Will there be many robots in people's home？ - . Robots will help people a lot. A. Yes, they will B. Yes, there will C. No, they won't D. No, there won't 15 -Mike, you look so excited！ -Yeah！There a tennis game played by Li Na this evening. A. will have B. is going to be C. is going to have D. are going to be （时间：30分钟） 沪教版七年级英语上册Unit5 Off to space 单元测试卷 一、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，每词仅用一次。 breathe, gravity, orbit, kilometre, weak, tie, camera, return, explore, surface Space travel is amazing but difficult. There is low 1 in space. People will feel 2 if they stay in space for a long time. Astronauts must 3 their sleeping bags to the wall. It is hard for humans to 4 without special spacesuits. A spaceship usually flies hundreds of thousands of 5 to reach other planets. It will 6 a planet several times before landing. Astronauts use 7 to take pictures of the planet 8 . After finishing their tasks, astronauts will 9 safely to Earth. Humans will keep trying 10 the mysterious universe in the future. 二、单词拼写 11．I look forward to ________ (travel) into space one day. 12．In the future, scientists ________ (build) more modern space stations. 13．Low gravity makes our bodies even ________ (weak). 14．________ (live) in space is quite different from living on Earth. 15．The spacesuit can help astronauts ________ (breath) in space. 16．The moon ________ (circle) the Earth every month. 17．Many stars are ________ (mystery) to human beings now. 18．It takes astronauts hours ________ (get) into space orbit. 19．These photos ________ (take) by an astronaut last year. 20．We should exercise ________ (keep) our bodies strong. 三、阅读理解 For common people, space travel still sounds like a wonderful dream. However, with the development of space technology, simple space trips will come true in the near future. A private space company plans to open space travel to common visitors in 2030. During the trip, travellers will fly into low Earth orbit. They will stay in a small space station for two days. There is no strong gravity, so all things float. Travellers must learn basic skills before the trip, such as how to eat and sleep in space. They also need healthy bodies because space travel is not easy. Travellers can enjoy the beautiful view of the blue Earth and bright stars. They can take photos and record videos. The company says the trip is safe for healthy adults. Although the ticket is very expensive now, more people will have the chance to travel into space in the future. 21．When will the private company open space travel for common people? A．In 2025. B．In 2030. C．In 2050. D．In 2100. 22．How long will visitors stay in the space station? A．Two days. B．One week. C．One month. D．Half a year. 23．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Space travel is cheap for everyone now. B．Travellers don’t need to learn any skills. C．People can see the Earth from the space station. D．Kids can take part in the space trip easily. 24．The underlined word “private” means ________ in Chinese. A．公立的 B．私人的 C．古老的 D．国际的 四、完形填空 Many children dream of becoming astronauts. Sophia is one of them. She is a 14-year-old girl and she loves space very much. She spends all her free time reading books about the 25 . Sophia thinks space is a magic place. There are countless stars and strange planets. She is 26 in the silent and dark space. She knows living in space is not 27 . Astronauts can not walk freely because of low gravity. They must tie their things tightly. Sometimes they feel weak and tired, so they keep 28 every day. Last month, Sophia visited a space museum. She saw real spacesuits and old spaceships. The guide told her some 29 stories about astronauts. Sophia took a 30 to record every wonderful minute. She made a special plan for her future. She will study hard to learn math and science 31 . “I will never give up my dream,” Sophia said. “I hope I can 32 a spaceship one day. I want to walk on other planets and look for new lives. Even if the trip is full of 33 , I will keep going. I believe my dream will come true 34 I never stop trying.” 25．A．ocean B．universe C．forest D．river 26．A．interested B．bored C．weak D．strict 27．A．difficult B．dangerous C．easy D．hard 28．A．sleeping B．exercising C．crying D．waiting 29．A．boring B．terrible C．amazing D．meaningless 30．A．camera B．book C．pen D．seat 31．A．badly B．slowly C．carelessly D．well 32．A．take B．make C．drive D．send 33．A．dangers B．joys C．foods D．dreams 34．A．so B．because C．if D．but 五、阅读理解 阅读短文，从下面选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。有一项为多余选项。 What do astronauts do in the space station? 35 Let’s learn about their daily life. First, their eating habits are different. Food is dried or sealed in small boxes. Crumbs will float everywhere in space. 36 For drinks, they cannot use common cups. 37 Besides doing scientific experiments, astronauts have simple housework every day. 38 Keeping a clean station is important for their health. Although space life is hard, every astronaut loves their job and enjoys staying in space. A．They drink water from special bags. B．Many people wonder about astronauts’ daily life. C．It is dangerous to take ordinary food in space. D．They also need to clean their living space. E．The weather in space changes all the time. 六、书面表达 39．（畅想太空）假如你将来有机会进入太空，请以My Space Trip为题写一篇英语短文。 要求：1. 词数60-80词；2. 包含至少3个本单元单词；3. 语句通顺，语法正确。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $