内容正文:
学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________
Unit 1 The Changing World
一般过去时和现在完成时
(时间:60分钟,满分:100分)
一般过去时
用法
①过去发生的事或存在的状态
②过去经常、反复发生的动作
结构
主语 + 动词过去式 + 其它
时间标志词
①yesterday类
②last类(如 last week)
③just now(刚刚)
④...ago(如 three days ago)
⑤in the past(在过去)
⑥once upon a time(从前)
现在完成时
用法
①表示过去的行为对现在产生的影响
②表示过去的某一动作/状态一直持续到现在
结构
主语 + have/ has + 过去分词 + 其它 (主语是第三人称单数时用 has)
时间标志词
①already (肯定句)
②yet (疑问句/否定句)
③so far
④since + 时间点
⑤for + 时间段
⑥recently
一、单项选择(本大题共20小题,每小题2分,共40分)
1.— Did Kate go to the movies last weekend?
— ________.
A.Yes, she does B.Yes, she did C.Yes, she is D.Yes, she was
【答案】B
【详解】句意:—— 凯特上周末去看电影了吗?—— 是的,她去了。
Yes, she does是的,她去(一般现在时);Yes, she did是的,她去了(一般过去时);Yes, she is是的,她是;Yes, she was是的,她当时是。结合语句Did Kate go to the movies last weekend?可知,问句以助动词Did开头,时态为一般过去时,一般疑问句的答句需和问句助动词保持一致,使用did。
2.Even though he ________ little schooling, he became a great scientist.
A.has B.had C.have D.will have
【答案】B
【详解】句意:尽管他当时接受的学校教育很少,但他成为了一位伟大的科学家。
根据主句“he became a great scientist”可知,句子描述的是过去发生的事情,时态为一般过去时,从句谓语动词也应用过去式。应填had。
3.It has been two years since I ________ to Hefei. Now I feel at home in the city and have made many friends.
A.move B.will move C.moved D.have moved
【答案】C
【详解】句意:自从我搬到合肥已经两年了。现在我觉得在这个城市像在家一样,并且交了很多朋友。
固定句型“It has been + 时间段 +since + 一般过去时从句”,表示“自从做某事已经有多长时间了”,since引导的从句谓语动词用一般过去时。应填moved。
4.My grandma always ________ me stories before I went to bed when I was little.
A.tells B.told C.is telling D.will tell
【答案】B
【详解】句意:当我小的时候,我奶奶总是在我睡觉前给我讲故事。
根据时间状语“when I was little”及从句中的“went”可知,句子描述的是过去习惯性发生的动作,谓语动词应用一般过去时。应填told。
5.Sprinter Su Bingtian ________ train alone in the gym for hours after school, but now he works as a sports professor and youth sprint coach at Jinan University.
A.used to B.use to C.is used to D.was used to
【答案】A
【详解】句意:短跑运动员苏炳添以前放学后会独自在体育馆训练数小时,但现在他是暨南大学的体育教授和青年短跑教练。
used to过去常常;use to无正确释义,语法错误;is used to习惯于,被用来;was used to过去习惯于,过去被用来。后文but now提示前后是过去和现在对比,used to后接动词原形,表示过去常做某事,符合句子语境。
6.Mary ________ a lot of beautiful photos of our school last Sunday.
A.takes B.is taking C.took D.will take
【答案】C
【详解】句意:玛丽上周日拍了很多我们学校的美丽照片。
根据时间状语“last Sunday”可知动作发生在过去,句子应用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式took。
7.—Have you seen the movie?
—Yes, I ________ it last week.
A.see B.saw C.have seen D.will see
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你看过这部电影吗?——是的,我上周看了它。
根据答语中的时间状语“last week”可知,动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时,应填saw。
8.—I ________ with my mum this morning. She’s too strict.
—You should ________ well with her. It’s important.
A.argued; communicate B.lost patience; stress C.communicated; argue D.stuck; compare
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——今天早上我和我妈妈争吵了。她太严格了。——你应该和她好好沟通。这很重要。
argued争吵;communicate沟通;lost patience失去耐心;stress给……施加压力;argue争吵;stuck支持;compare比较。根据“She’s too strict.”可知第一空表示发生了冲突,argued意为“争吵”,符合语境;根据“You should... well with her”可知第二空是建议改善关系,communicate意为“沟通”,符合语境。
9.She fell for a long time before she ________ the ground.
A.hit B.hits C.hitting D.hited
【答案】A
【详解】句意:她掉了很长时间才撞到地面。
根据主句谓语fell可知句子为一般过去时,before引导的时间状语从句谓语动词也应用过去式。hit的过去式是不规则变化,仍为hit。
10.None of us ________ the way, so we got lost.
A.know B.knows C.knew D.are knowing
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我们没人认识路,所以我们迷路了。
根据“got lost”可知动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时knew。
11.It’s a long way from London. I ________ there before. Next time, you can show me around it.
A.have gone B.have been C.have never gone D.have never been
【答案】D
【详解】句意:离伦敦很远。我以前从未去过那里。下次你可以带我参观一下。
have gone to+地点:表示“去了某地还未回来”,have been to+地点:表示“去过某地已回来”,句中“there”是副词,省略介词to。 根据后文“Next time, you can show me around it”,能看出说话人之前从未去过那里,所以排除A、B选项;表达“从未去过某地”要用have never been to。
12.When I get to the cinema, the film ________ for 10 minutes.
A.has started B.has been on C.has been in D.has been to
【答案】B
【详解】句意:当我到达电影院时,电影已经上映10分钟了。
根据时间状语“for 10 minutes”可知,谓语动词必须是延续性动词。start是瞬间动词,不能与时间段连用;be on表示“上映”的状态,属于延续性动词短语,符合语境。C“has been in”待了多久、D“has been to”去过(已回)语义不通。应填has been on。
13.—When will you hand in your report, Vivian?
—Sorry, I forgot to bring it here but I _______ it.
A.finish B.have finished C.will finish D.am finishing
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——薇薇安,你什么时候交报告?——对不起,我忘带过来了,但我已经完成了。
根据“Sorry, I forgot to bring it here”可知,说话人之所以没法当场交报告是因为“没带在身上”,这说明报告本身在过去“已经完成了”;表示过去发生的动作已经完成且对现在产生某种结果或影响 (报告已写完,只是忘带了),需使用现在完成时,其结构为“have/has+过去分词”,主语为“I”,助动词用have,应填have finished。
14.He has researched low-power chips ________ he met Huang Qianqian in 2016.
A.for B.since C.when D.before
【答案】B
【详解】句意:自从2016年遇见黄芊芊,他就一直在研究低功耗芯片。
主句时态为现在完成时,since后接过去时间点(2016年),是现在完成时标志性连词,表示“自从……以来”;for后只能接时间段,when引导时间状语从句表“当……时”,before表“在……之前”,均无法搭配本句完成时逻辑。应填since。
15.Up to now, the story of mountain teacher Li Mei ________ thousands of young people to serve rural areas.
A.encourage B.encouraged C.has encouraged D.will encourage
【答案】C
【详解】句意:到目前为止,山区教师李梅的故事已经鼓励了成千上万的年轻人去服务农村。
根据时间状语“Up to now”(到目前为止)可知,应用现在完成时表示过去动作对现在的影响,应填has encouraged。
16.The new energy engineer Lin Hao ________ in new battery R&D labs since he graduated from technical school in 2013.
A.works B.worked C.has worked D.is working
【答案】C
【详解】句意:新能源工程师林浩自2013年从技校毕业后一直在新电池研发实验室工作。
句中“since he graduated…”是典型的现在完成时标志,主句动作从2013年一直持续到现在,且可能继续,所以应填has worked。
17.So far, chip scientist Huang Qian ________ dozens of international patents in microelectronics.
A.obtain B.obtained C.will obtain D.has obtained
【答案】D
【详解】句意:到目前为止,芯片科学家黄千已经在微电子领域取得了数十项国际专利。
So far意为“到目前为止”,是现在完成时的标志性时间状语,句子主语chip scientist Huang Qianqian属于第三人称单数,现在完成时对应的结构为“has + 动词过去分词”;“取得专利”对应短语obtain patents,obtain的过去分词形式为obtained,因此选用has obtained。
18.The government ________ thousands of trees since 2018.
A.plants B.planted C.has planted D.will plant
【答案】C
【详解】句意:自2018年以来,政府已经种植了数千棵树。
根据句中时间状语“since 2018”可知,表示动作从过去某个时间点开始一直持续到现在,或对现在造成影响,句子应用现在完成时(have/has+过去分词)。应填has planted。
19.The roads used to be narrow, but now they ________.
A.are widening B.have widened C.were widened D.widen
【答案】B
【详解】句意:道路过去很狭窄,但现在它们已经变宽了。
根据“used to be”表示过去的状态,“but now”表示现在的结果,强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响,应用现在完成时。应填have widened。
20.Since her Olympic success, the young skier Eileen Gu ________ many young people to follow their dreams and try new things.
A.inspired B.has inspired C.is inspiring D.inspires
【答案】B
【详解】句意:自从奥运成功后,这位年轻的滑雪运动员谷爱凌已经激励了许多年轻人追随他们的梦想并尝试新事物。
根据句首标志词“Since”可知,表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或影响,主句应用现在完成时。应填has inspired。
二、单词拼写(本大题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分)
21.We used to ________ (travel) far to see a doctor when we were young.
【答案】travel
【详解】句意:我们年轻时常常要走很远的路去看医生。句中“used to”为固定结构,表示“过去常常”,其后接动词原形。故填travel。
22.He ________ (become) a good friend of my grandfather about 20 years ago.
【答案】became
【详解】句意:他大约在20年前成为了我祖父的一位好朋友。句中缺少谓语动词。根据“about 20 years ago”可知,时态应用一般过去时。become的过去式是became。
23.The young man ________ (run) too fast and fell down at the street corner.
【答案】
ran
【详解】句意:那个年轻人跑得太快,在街角摔倒了。句子主语The young man后接谓语,且后文“and fell down”为并列谓语,fell为fall的过去式,说明“跑”和“摔倒”这两个动作都发生在过去,应用一般过去时,run的过去式为ran。
24.Lucy’s mother ________ (teach) her how to plant flowers two hours ago.
【答案】taught
【详解】句意:两小时前露西的妈妈教她怎么种花。时间状语two hours ago表示过去的时间,句子要用一般过去时,动词teach的过去式为taught。
25.The guide ________ (lead) us through the narrow forest path and we arrived at the village safely.
【答案】led
【详解】句意:向导领着我们穿过狭窄的林间小路,我们安全抵达村庄。由后面arrived可知,句子为一般过去时,lead的过去式是led,在句中作谓语。
26.This summer, the Su Super Football League ________ (catch) everyone’s attention.
【答案】
has caught
【详解】句意:今年夏天,苏超足球联赛引起了大家的关注。此处强调对现在造成的影响(“引起了关注”这一状态持续),应用现在完成时。catch 的过去分词为不规则变化caught,故填has caught。
27.The government has ________ (provide) better public services for citizens so far.
【答案】provided
【详解】句意:到目前为止,政府已经为市民提供了更优质的公共服务。so far是现在完成时的标志性短语,结构为have/has+动词过去分词。provide的过去分词是provided。
28.She ________ (devote) herself to rural live-stream education from the age of 22 until now.
【答案】has devoted
【详解】句意:她从二十二岁起投身乡村直播教育,一直坚持到现在。句中时间标志“from the age of 22 until now”表示动作从过去持续到当下,需使用现在完成时,结构为“have/has + 过去分词”;主语She是第三人称单数,助动词选用has,devote的过去分词为devoted,故填has devoted。
29.All of us ________________ (benefit) a lot from the online courses during the winter holiday.
【答案】benefited/have benefited
【详解】句意:我们所有人都从寒假期间的在线课程中受益匪浅。时间状语“during the winter holiday”只表过去时段,并未明确是否延续至今。若强调事件已结束用过去式benefited;若强调对现在有影响(结构:have/has+过去分词),主语为复数,则用现在完成时have benefited,表示“至今仍有收获”,两者皆可。
30.So far, our class ________ (raise) over 2,000 yuan for the children in the mountain village.
【答案】has raised
【详解】句意:到目前为止,我们班已经为山村的孩子们筹集了两千多元。时间标志词so far是现在完成时的标志性短语,强调动作从过去持续到现在并产生结果;主语our class此处视作一个整体,为单数,现在完成时结构为has+动词过去分词,raise的过去分词是raised,因此应填has raised。
三、完成句子(本大题共10小题,每小题4分,共40分)
31.过去人们常常步行上班,但现在他们坐公交。
In the past, people ________ ________ ________ to work, but now they take buses.
【答案】 used to walk
【详解】原文中的“过去常常步行”是关键词,used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”是固定搭配,walk“步行”。
32.他发财并还了钱。
He ________ and ________ the money ________.
【答案】 made a fortune paid back
【详解】原句中“发财”和“还钱”是关键词,“发财”对应短语“make a fortune”,“还钱”对应短语“pay the money back”,且描述过去动作,故①填made a fortune,②填paid,③填back。
33.过去我们村没有医院。
Our village ________ ________ a hospital in the past.
【答案】 didn’t have
【详解】原句中“没有”是关键词,表示“有”的动词是have;句子为否定句,时间状语“in the past”提示句子应用一般过去时,应借助助动词did,其后加not,缩写为didn’t,后接动词原形have。
34.老师对我们在项目中所做的工作感到非常满意。
The teacher ________ very ________ ________ the work we had done in the project.
【答案】 was happy with
【详解】原句中“对……感到满意”是关键词。表示“对……满意”的短语为“was happy with”,根据“the work we had done in the project.”可知句子是一般过去时,主语“The teacher”为第三人称单数,一般过去时用“was”。故填was;happy;with。
35.电影结尾太感人了,全场观众都屏息凝神。
The ending of the movie was so touching that the whole audience ________ ________ ________.
【答案】 held their breath
【详解】原句中“屏息凝神”是关键词,对应的英文为hold their breath,本句时态为一般过去时,hold应变为过去式held。故填held;their;breath。
36.最近交通发生了什么事?
What ________ ________ ________ transportation recently?
【答案】 has happened to
【详解】原句中的“发生(在……身上)”是关键词。“某事发生在某物身上”对应固定搭配是happen to,语境侧重如今产生的变化,采用现在完成时;疑问词What作主语视作单数,助动词用has,happen的过去分词形式为happened,故①has;②happened;③to。
37.到目前为止,他已经克服了数百个科研难题。
________ ________, he ________ ________ hundreds of research difficulties.
【答案】 So far has overcome
【详解】原句中“到目前为止”和“克服”是关键词,“到目前为止”对应固定搭配so far,句首单词首字母大写;“克服”对应单词overcome,so far所在句子通常使用现在完成时,主语he为第三人称单数,助动词用has,overcome过去分词是overcome。
38.这位青年科学家毕生致力于芯片研发。
The young scientist ________ ________ his whole life ________ chip research.
【答案】 has devoted to
【详解】原句中“毕生致力于”是关键词,表示“致力于”的固定搭配是devote...to...,主语“这位青年科学家”为第三人称单数,且“毕生”表示从过去持续到现在的动作,故用现在完成时has devoted;介词to后接名词chip research,表示“致力于芯片研发”。
39.我们家搬到了一个更大的公寓。
My family ________ ________ to a much ________ flat.
【答案】 has moved larger
【详解】原句“搬到了”和“更大”是关键词。“搬到”用move表示。本句表示动作已经完成并对现在造成影响,通常使用现在完成时(have/has+过去分词)。主语“My family”是集合名词,视作整体时用单数has,move的过去分词是moved;中文“更大的”提示使用形容词比较级。“much”常用于修饰比较级,表示“……得多”。“更大的”可用形容词比较级larger表示。
40.我们镇已经建了一座新图书馆。
Our town ________ ________ a new library.
【答案】 has built
【详解】原句中“已经建了”是关键词,表示“建造”用动词build,“已经”说明此句应该用现在完成时,主语是单数,助动词用has,后跟动词过去分词built。
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Unit 1 The Changing World
一般过去时和现在完成时
(时间:60分钟,满分:100分)
一般过去时
用法
①过去发生的事或存在的状态
②过去经常、反复发生的动作
结构
主语 + 动词过去式 + 其它
时间标志词
①yesterday类
②last类(如 last week)
③just now(刚刚)
④...ago(如 three days ago)
⑤in the past(在过去)
⑥once upon a time(从前)
现在完成时
用法
①表示过去的行为对现在产生的影响
②表示过去的某一动作/状态一直持续到现在
结构
主语 + have/ has + 过去分词 + 其它 (主语是第三人称单数时用 has)
时间标志词
①already (肯定句)
②yet (疑问句/否定句)
③so far
④since + 时间点
⑤for + 时间段
⑥recently
一、单项选择(本大题共20小题,每小题2分,共40分)
1.— Did Kate go to the movies last weekend?
— ________.
A.Yes, she does B.Yes, she did C.Yes, she is D.Yes, she was
2.Even though he ________ little schooling, he became a great scientist.
A.has B.had C.have D.will have
3.It has been two years since I ________ to Hefei. Now I feel at home in the city and have made many friends.
A.move B.will move C.moved D.have moved
4.My grandma always ________ me stories before I went to bed when I was little.
A.tells B.told C.is telling D.will tell
5.Sprinter Su Bingtian ________ train alone in the gym for hours after school, but now he works as a sports professor and youth sprint coach at Jinan University.
A.used to B.use to C.is used to D.was used to
6.Mary ________ a lot of beautiful photos of our school last Sunday.
A.takes B.is taking C.took D.will take
7.—Have you seen the movie?
—Yes, I ________ it last week.
A.see B.saw C.have seen D.will see
8.—I ________ with my mum this morning. She’s too strict.
—You should ________ well with her. It’s important.
A.argued; communicate B.lost patience; stress C.communicated; argue D.stuck; compare
9.She fell for a long time before she ________ the ground.
A.hit B.hits C.hitting D.hited
10.None of us ________ the way, so we got lost.
A.know B.knows C.knew D.are knowing
11.It’s a long way from London. I ________ there before. Next time, you can show me around it.
A.have gone B.have been C.have never gone D.have never been
12.When I get to the cinema, the film ________ for 10 minutes.
A.has started B.has been on C.has been in D.has been to
13.—When will you hand in your report, Vivian?
—Sorry, I forgot to bring it here but I _______ it.
A.finish B.have finished C.will finish D.am finishing
14.He has researched low-power chips ________ he met Huang Qianqian in 2016.
A.for B.since C.when D.before
15.Up to now, the story of mountain teacher Li Mei ________ thousands of young people to serve rural areas.
A.encourage B.encouraged C.has encouraged D.will encourage
16.The new energy engineer Lin Hao ________ in new battery R&D labs since he graduated from technical school in 2013.
A.works B.worked C.has worked D.is working
17.So far, chip scientist Huang Qian ________ dozens of international patents in microelectronics.
A.obtain B.obtained C.will obtain D.has obtained
18.The government ________ thousands of trees since 2018.
A.plants B.planted C.has planted D.will plant
19.The roads used to be narrow, but now they ________.
A.are widening B.have widened C.were widened D.widen
20.Since her Olympic success, the young skier Eileen Gu ________ many young people to follow their dreams and try new things.
A.inspired B.has inspired C.is inspiring D.inspires
二、单词拼写(本大题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分)
21.We used to ________ (travel) far to see a doctor when we were young.
22.He ________ (become) a good friend of my grandfather about 20 years ago.
23.The young man ________ (run) too fast and fell down at the street corner.
24.Lucy’s mother ________ (teach) her how to plant flowers two hours ago.
25.The guide ________ (lead) us through the narrow forest path and we arrived at the village safely.
26.This summer, the Su Super Football League ________ (catch) everyone’s attention.
27.The government has ________ (provide) better public services for citizens so far.
28.She ________ (devote) herself to rural live-stream education from the age of 22 until now.
29.All of us ________________ (benefit) a lot from the online courses during the winter holiday.
30.So far, our class ________ (raise) over 2,000 yuan for the children in the mountain village.
三、完成句子(本大题共10小题,每小题4分,共40分)
31.过去人们常常步行上班,但现在他们坐公交。
In the past, people ________ ________ ________ to work, but now they take buses.
32.他发财并还了钱。
He ________ and ________ the money ________.
33.过去我们村没有医院。
Our village ________ ________ a hospital in the past.
34.老师对我们在项目中所做的工作感到非常满意。
The teacher ________ very ________ ________ the work we had done in the project.
35.电影结尾太感人了,全场观众都屏息凝神。
The ending of the movie was so touching that the whole audience ________ ________ ________.
36.最近交通发生了什么事?
What ________ ________ ________ transportation recently?
37.到目前为止,他已经克服了数百个科研难题。
________ ________, he ________ ________ hundreds of research difficulties.
38.这位青年科学家毕生致力于芯片研发。
The young scientist ________ ________ his whole life ________ chip research.
39.我们家搬到了一个更大的公寓。
My family ________ ________ to a much ________ flat.
40.我们镇已经建了一座新图书馆。
Our town ________ ________ a new library.
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