Unit 6 语法--定语从句讲与练 2026-2027学年译林版九年级英语上册

**基本信息** 该同步练习以“概念讲解+分层训练”构建定语从句学习路径，从基础关系词辨析到综合规则应用，助力学生系统掌握语法知识，提升语言运用与逻辑思维能力。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础巩固|关系代词/副词基本用法、限制性定语从句|75道单选题聚焦关系词（that/which/who等）辨析，匹配新授课基础目标，强化语言知识理解| |综合应用|特殊用法（介词+关系词、非限制性定语从句等）|15道填空题要求主动运用关系词，深化语法规则（如only修饰先行词用that），培养分析与推断的思维品质|

9A Unit 6语法------定语从句讲练 一、定语从句的有关概念： 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。（定语从句要用陈述句语序） 如：1)The man who/that lives next to us is a policeman.(关系代词如果在定语从句中做主语，要注意从句中的谓语动单复数要与先行词一致) （分解为：The man is a policeman. The man lives next to us.） 2) I like the bike which/that my father bought for me last year. (分解为：I like the bike. My father bought the bike for me last year.) 在上面两句中的 man 和bike 是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词。定语从句放在先行词后面。 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词：that , which ,who (宾格whom ,所有格whose )和关系副词where, when , why。关系词（关系代词或关系副词）放在先行词和定语从句之间，起联系作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。也就是说关系代/副词有三个作用： 1.引导定语从句。 2.代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。3.连接主句和从句。 二、有关系代词引导的定语从句： 关系代词 例句 that在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时that 可省略) 指物 1.A plane is a machine that can fly. (作主语) 2.The noodles （that）I cooked were delicious. (作宾语) 指人 1.Who is the man that is reading the book over there? (作主语) 2.The girl (that) we saw yesterday was Jim’s sister. (作宾语) which在从句中作主语或宾语(作宾语时可省略) 指物 1.The silk which is produced in Hangzhou sells well. (作主语) 2.The songs（which） Liu Dehua sang were very popular. (作宾语) who, whom在从句中分别作主语和宾语（如果介词放在从句后面，则whom可以省略） 指人 1.The foreigner who visited our class yesterday is from Canada. (作主语) 2.The boy who broke the window is called Roy. (作主语) 3.The person to whom you just talked is Mr Li. (作宾语) 4.Mrs White is the person to whom you should write. (作宾语) whose 在从句中作定语 指所有格 I like the girl whose hair is long. (作定语) （从表中可以看出：用that 更有通用性） 但是：1）在非限制性定语从句中不能用 that ； 2) 在介词后面不能用that； 3）先行词是指代人的不定代词如those, somebody，anybody, someone, anyone等时不能用that。 三、有关系副词引导的定语从句：(只作了解) 1.先行词是表示地点的名词时（country, school, room…），而关系词代替先行词在定语从句中充当地点状语，一般用where引导定语从句。也可以用介词＋which的结构。值得注意的是which前介词的选择是根据先行词与介词的搭配关系而定。 　　The room where(=in which)he used to live has now been turned into a museum..　　 The desk where(=on which)I put my bag is his. This is the school where(=in which)I joined the Party. 2.先行词是表示时间的名词（year, month, day, night…），而关系词代替先行词在定语从句中充当时间状语，一般用when引导定语从句。也可以用介词＋which的结构。值得注意的是which前介词的选择是根据先行词与介词的搭配关系而定。 The day when（=on which）he was born was Aug.20,1952 The year when (=in which) he died was 1982. 比较：1）This is the school which I visited last year.(作宾语) 2) This is the school in which (=where) I stayed last year.(作状语) 3.先行词是表示原因的名词（reason），而关系词代替先行词在定语从句中充当原因状语，一般用 why引导定语从句。why用于解释原因或理由时，作为关系副词引导定语从句。 I don't understand the reason why(= for which) she left.（我不明白她离开的原因。在这个句子中，why引导的定语从句修饰“reason”，供了更详细的解释。 四、定语从句分类(只作了解) 定语从句分为：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句（又称描述性定语从句）。 1、限制性定语从句与先行词关系密确，对它有限制作用，因此不可缺少，否则会影响全句的意思，限制性定语从句前面一般不用逗号。 例如What is the name of the boy who brought us the letter? 2、非限制性定语从句只与先行词有一种松散的修饰关系，在口语中用停顿的方法表示， 在书面语中用逗号分开，因此从句中的关系代词不能省略。一般用which ,who, where等来引导非限制性定语从句，而不用that 来引导非限制性定语从句。 例1 I like to talk with John, who is a clever man. 例2 Water, which is a clear liquid (液体)，has many uses. 五、关于that ; which 用法请注意： ①先行词（物）之前有all, every, any, some, no, little, few,many, much等词修饰时，或者其本身为all, ,everything, something ,nothing, anything, none；the one；much, few, any, little等不定代词，定语从句that用引导，不能用which。(如果先行词是指人的不定代词，则关系代词用who/whom,不用that 和which) 　　Is there anything that you want to explain ? 　　Everyone who heard her sad story was moved to tears. In 1898 they declared（声明）that they believed there was something in nature that gave out radiation.(辐射) ②先行词（物）前有形容词最高级、序数词或the only, the very, the last, the same表示“惟一”观念的形容词等修饰时，定语从句用that引导,不能用which。 This is the only reason that I can say. This is the very step that can be taken. It is the last one that you may choose. ③当主句中是who, which开头的特殊疑问句时，而定语从句中也要用到who或which关系代词时，为了避免who…who, which…which等重叠，定语从句用that引导。 　 　Who is the man that is standing by the door?（定语从句的关系代词不能用who） Which of the two cows that you keep produces more milk?（定语从句的关系代词不能用which） ④先行词为人和物作并列成分时，定语从句用that引导。 　　 John and his dog that were here a moment ago disappear now. ⑤不论人或物在定语从句中作表语时，用that引导定语从句，而that通常省掉。 　　 He is no longer the man that he was. ⑥先行词是一个短语或者是一个句子时，关系代词用 which (大多数情况是非限制性定语从句) He missed the train ,which annoyed (使......恼火) him very much . 六、as 引导的定语从句 1.用于固定结构：the same...as, such...as 2.引导非限制性定语从句，位置灵活，常位于句首，意为“正如”。 This is the same watch as I lost yesterday. (as 在从句中作宾语) As we all know, the earth is round. (as 引导非限制性定语从句，作宾语) I have such a book as you are looking for. As is reported in the newspaper, a new bridge will be built. He is not the same man as he used to be. 七、注意事项： 1.一般说来，除了用定语从句解释名词或泛指外，先行词前应有定冠词the。 2.在限制性定语从句中which, whom, that充当宾语时，可以省略。而在非限制性定语从句中whom, who, which不能省略。 　　3.“one of ＋可数名词复数”引导的定语从句中,谓语动词应用复数；而“one of＋可数名词复数”前有the，only或the only修饰，定语从句中的谓语动词用单数。 He is one of the students who study very hard at school. He is the only one of the students who studies very hard at school. 4.定语从句中常用到that/which/who/whom等关系代词作主语或宾语；而在宾语从句或者主语、表语等从句中（特殊疑问句作宾语从句或主语从句时），常用到what / whom 等疑问代词作主语或宾语。 如：1) We believe what she said.(宾从，不能用that 来换what) We believe anything/the words that/which she said. (定从) 2) I don’t know the girl whom/that I met yesterday.(定从) 3) I don’t know whom the girl likes. (宾从，不能用that) 4) What he said surprised me . (主从，不能用that)) 练一练： 中考复习专项练习--------定语从句 一、单选题 ( )1.A true friend is a person 　　　　reaches for your hand and touches your heart.  A.whom B.whose C.who D.which ( )2.I really like the family photo 　　　　we took on my Grandpa’s 80th birthday.   A.who B.that C.what D.whose ( )3.We believe that success always belongs to the people　　 never say “give up”.   A.whom B.what C.who D.which ( )4.—Have you watched the TV play In the Name of People? —It’s the most popular play 　　our Party’s trying to struggle against corruption(反腐). A.where show B.which show C.that shows D.who shows ( )5.We are talking about the piano and the pianist　　　 were in the concert last night.   A.that B.which C.who D.whom ( )6.Anyone who is a server or 　　has been one knows that customers always come first.  A.whom B.what C.who D.which ( )7. Danny met a famous astronaut 　　　　was the first Canadian astronaut in space.   A.which B.what C.whose D.who ( )8. I hate the dogs 　　　　live in the next house. They make loud noises all night.  A.who B.that C.what D.whom ( )9. —What kind of movies do you prefer? —I prefer the movies 　　　　me something to think about.  A.which give B.that gives C.which gives D.who gives ( )10. —Please tell me something about Yang Liwei. —He is a great astronaut of 　　　　all the Chinese are proud.  A.that B.whose C.who D.whom ( )11.—Have you found the information about the famous scientists you can use for the report?  —Not yet.I’ll search some on the Internet A.who B.which C.whom D.what ( )12. We’ll never forget the people and places 　　we visited in China.  A.what B.which C.that D.where ( )13.—Have you ever seen the film The Shawshank Redemption? —Yes, and I think it is the best film 　　　　teaches me a lot.  A.that B.which C.what D./ ( )14. —Do you like the weekly talk show, The Reader, on CCTV? —Sure. It’s a great TV program purpose is to bring the habit of reading back into the public.   A.which B.that C.what D.whose ( )15.I like the city　　　　the people are really kind and friendly.   A.that B.which C.where D.who ( )16.I will never forget the day we spent in the old town with small houses. A. who B. whom C. that D. what ( )17.The shop sells flowers is at the end of the street. A. who B. where C. which ( )18.—What are you looking for? --I'm looking for the CD about EXO I bought yesterday. A. that B. who C. whose D. when ( )19.First Lady Peng Liyuan was watering the flowers were named "Cathy" with Dutch Queen Maxima. A. what B. which C. who D. whose ( )20.—In a text message, 88 means Bye-bye. —And another example is F2F stands for face to face. A. that B. who C. whom D. it ( )21.—Which is your new neighbour, Liu Hua? —The man T-shirt is red. A. that B. who C. which D. whose ( )22. Tommy couldn't stop thinking about the boy made him a fool in front of the whole class. A. whom B. which C. what D. who ( )23. I really like the photo of my family my sister took in the city park last year. A. which B. who C. what D. whom ( )24.He likes low-carbon life. He lives in the house he built himself out of trash. A. where B. what C. which D. in which ( )25. Could you tell me the result of the discussion you had made in the meeting just now? A. that B. when C. how D. who ( )26. Anyone this opinion may speak out. A. that againsts B. that against C. who is against D. who are against ( )27. Mr Herpin is one of the foreign experts who in China. A. works B. is working C. are working D. has been working ( )28.Didn't you see the man ? A. I nodded just now B. whom I nodded just now C. I nodded to him just now D. I nodded to just now ( )29. The radio set has gone wrong. A. I bought it last week B. which I bought it last week C. I bought last week D. what I bought last week ( )30.They talked for about an hour of things and persons they remembered in the school. A. which B. that C. who D. whom ( )31.Who is the girl is talking with Mr Smith? A. which B. who C. whom D. that ( )32.A11 the apples fell down were eaten by the pigs. A. that B. those C. which D. what ( )33.They asked him to tell them everything he saw at the front. A. what B. that C. which D. where ( )34.I'11 tell you he told me last week. A. all which B. all what C. that all D. all ( )35. Is oxygen the only gas helps fire burn? A. that B./ C. which D. it ( )36.A child parents are dead is called an orphan. A. who B. who's C. whose D. which ( )37. Have you sent thank-you notes to the relatives from you received gifts? A. which B. them C. that D. whom ( )38. I wish to thank Professor Smith, without help I would never have got this far. A. who B. whose C. whom D. which ( )39.Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, the audience can buy ice-cream. A. when B. where C. that D. which ( )40. A bank is the place they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain. A. when B. that C. where D. there ( )41.The old town has narrow streets and small houses are built close to each other. A. they B. where C. what D. that ( )42.—Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut? —You should try the barber's I go. It's only 15. A. as B. which C. where D. that ( )43.I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind. A. which B. of which C. that D. whose ( )44.The buses， were already full，were surrounded by an angry crowd. A. most of that B. which most C. most of which D. that most ( )45.He is a man of great experience， much can be learned. A. who B. that C. from which D. from whom ( )46.The silk _______ is made in Hangzhou sells well. A. that B.who C. what D. / ( )47.The man_______today left this message for you. A.called B.has called C.whom called D.who called ( )48.Do you live near the building ______colour is yellow? A. that B.which C.whose D. its ( )49.He helped his father on the farm ______they lived. A. which B.that C.when D. where ( )50.I’m one of the boys_____never late for school. A.that is B.who is C.who are D.who am ( )51.All_____should be done has been done. A.what B.which C.that D.whatever ( )52.Jack told me everything _______he knew about it. A. what B.that C.which D.who ( )53.My father works in the factory ______this type of truck is made. A.in where B.in which C.from which D.of which ( )54.The school_______we visited last week was built in 1956. A./ B.where C.that D.both A and C ( )55.This is one of the best films_______I have ever seen. A.which B.that C.of which D.of that ( )56.In fact the Swede did not understand the three questions______were asked in French. A.where B.who C.in which D.which ( )57.He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of ____ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. A.these B.those C.that D.which ( )58.His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ______family was poor. A.of whom B.whom C.of whose D.whose ( )59.All_______is needed is a supply of oil. A.the thing B.that C.what D.which ( )60.In the dark street ,there wasn’t a single person _____she could turn for help. A.that B.who C.from whom D.to whom ( )61.The girl ______ is standing under the tree is my sister. A. who B. which C. whom D. whose ( )62.I like the book ______ you bought for me. A. who B. which C. whom D. whose ( )63.This is the room ______ Lu Xun once lived. A. when B. where C. which D. that ( )64.I'll never forget the day ______ I joined the Party. A. when B. where C. which D. what ( )65.Is there anyone here ______ name is Wang Lin? A. who B. whom C. whose D. which ( )66.This is the best novel ______ I have ever read. A. which B. that C. who D. when ( )67.The news ______ he told me is very exciting. A. which B. who C. when D. why ( )68.He has two sons, ______ are college students. A. both of whom B. both of them C. both of who D. both of which ( )69.The reason ______ he was late was that he missed the bus. A. Which B. why C. for that D. for which ( )70.The scientist ______ visited our school yesterday is from America. A. which B. whom C. who D. whose ( )71.The house ______ roof was damaged in the storm needs repairing. A. which B. whose C. that D. where ( )72.She is the only person ______ understands me. A. which B. who C. whom D. that ( )73.He is such a good teacher ______ all the students respect. A. that B. which C. as D. who ( )74.The factory ______ we visited last week is large. A. which B. where C. when D. why ( )75.______ we all know, China is a great country. A. That B. Which C. As D. What 二、用适当的关系词填空： 1) I’ll never forget the day on ________ they met for the very first time last summer. 2) This is the place _________ he so often mentioned to me. 3) The only thing ______ interested him was that he could do anything _______he wanted to. 4) “What a scientist! What wonderful invention!” he talked excitedly about Bill Gates and his Microsoft Company _________ is now a focus (焦点) of newspapers and television. 5) He is old, ________ fact is important in this case. 6) Finally, the thief handed everything __________ he had stolen. 7) We talked about the things and persons _________ we saw then. 8) With _________ were you talking? 9) This is the very present __________ my mother gave me. 10) They are talking about the people and things ________ they are on their way home. 11) Which is the bike __________ is made in Shanghai? 12) I think this is the most beautiful dress ______ I own. 13) Those _______ want to buy the house may sign their names first. 14) My sister, __________ you met in Guangzhou, has bought a new car. 15) That’s the way _______ they work. 定语从句答案 一、单选题 1-15 CBCCA CDBAD BCADC 16-30 CCABA DDACA CCDCB 31-45 DABDA CDBAC DCDCD 46-60 ADCDC CBBDB DDDBD 61.A(who) → 指人，在从句中作主语。 62.B(which) → 指物（book），在从句中作宾语（可省略）。 63.B(where) → 表示地点（room），在从句中作地点状语。 64.A(when) → 表示时间（day），在从句中作时间状语。 65.C(whose) → 表示所属关系（anyone's name），在从句中作定语。 66.B(that) → 先行词被最高级（best）修饰，只能用 that。 67.A(which) → 指物（news），在从句中作宾语（可省略）。 68.A(both of whom) → 非限制性定语从句，指人（sons），whom 作介词 of 的宾语。 69.B(why) → 表示原因（reason），在从句中作原因状语（也可用 for which）。 70.C(who) → 指人（scientist），在从句中作主语。 71.B(whose) → 表示所属关系（house's roof），在从句中作定语。 72.D(that) → 先行词被 the only 修饰，只能用 that（也可用 who，但 that 更常用）。 73.C(as) → 固定结构 such...as，as 在从句中作宾语。 74.A(which) → 指物（factory），在从句中作宾语（visited 是及物动词，后面缺宾语，故用 which/that 或省略，不能用 where）。 75.C(As) → as 引导非限制性定语从句，位于句首，意为“正如”。 二.1.which 介词后面只能用which. 2.that/which 3.that , ( that) 当先行词指物，且被all, every, no ,some ,any, little , much, one of , the only, the very, the right 等修饰时，关系词只能用that. 4.that 5. which 6. that （ 同3 ） 7. that当先行词既有人又有物时只能用that 引导。 8. whom 9. that 当先行词指物，且被all, every, no ,some ,any, little , much, one of , the only, the very, the right 等修饰时，关系词只能用that. 10. that 11 that 在特殊疑问句中定语从句的引导词不能与疑问词重复。 12. that 当先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时，指物只能用that 引导。 13. who those 指人时用who. 14. whom . 非限制性定语从句不能用that 引导。当先行词指物时用which; 当先行词指人时,并在从句中作主语时用who; 在从句中作宾语时用whom. 15. that . way 作先行词时，常用that 或in which 引导定于从句. 第 1 页 共 3 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $