暑假作业--基础过关练习 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

**基本信息** 聚焦词汇、语法与语篇的分层巩固，通过基础积累-语法应用-语篇综合的三阶设计，提升语言能力与文化意识，适配暑假基础复习需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础层|核心词汇（50题首字母填空）|聚焦课标高频词，结合生活情境与情感表达，强化词汇记忆与语境运用| |进阶层|语法应用（40题词形变换）|覆盖时态、词性转换等语法点，通过错题警示（如care→careless）培养思维严谨性| |综合层|语篇综合（10篇短文填空）|融合中国传统（拜师礼）、自然科学（黄河/飓风）等主题，提升语篇理解与跨文化意识|

2026年人教版英语八年级下暑假作业--基础过关练习 一、首字母填空 1．We are all p________ of our country’s great progress in space science. 2．When my brother got married, we were all happy and dressed n________ to go to his party. 3．The main p________ of this activity is to let us learn more about traditional culture. 4．It is n________ to feel nervous before giving a speech in front of the class. 5．Too much p________ from study can make students feel stressed out. 6．My uncle is a d________. He helps people take care of their teeth. 7．You will get into big t________ if you always break the school rules. 8．They sang and danced at the party, they really enjoyed t________. What a wonderful day they had together! 9．My grandfather lives a________, but he never feels lonely because he has many hobbies. 10．The dog was sleeping quietly and then all of a s________, it jumped up and started barking. 11．The amazing p________ makes Sun Yingsha a top player. 12．T________ is a natural ability to do something well. 13．Reading different kinds of books helps us get more k________. 14．If you don’t take a map with you, you will get l________ on this mountain road. 15．The o________ of the house is an old man from Ningxia. 16．It is important to c________ the exam paper carefully before you hand in your paper. 17．Su Bingtian trained hard for years. He wanted to b________ the world record in the 100m race. 18．She has to see a dentist right now, because she suffers from a t________. 19．She is so c________ that she makes the same mistakes over and over again. Let’s help her give up the bad habit. 20．All the villagers welcomed the visitors w________ when they arrived here. 21．The old man’s pet dog’s d________ brought him great sadness. 22．My dog can g________ our house and keep us safe. 23．On your way to school, you shouldn’t look at your phone when you c________ the road. 24．Luckily, the fire was put out and didn’t b________ anything. 25．All of a s________, thunder rolled across the sky. 26．Many French people are quite p________ and don’t like to talk about personal things. 27．The little boy got l________ and couldn’t find his way home. 28．Our teacher often tells us “Knowledge is p________”, so we should study hard. 29．N________ was late for the class meeting today. Everyone arrived on time. 30．When I feel sad, my mom often gives me a warm h________. 31．Read the question carefully before you answer it, and make sure you spell every word c________. 32．Many people donated money to the c________ to help children in poor areas get an education. 33．He has just moved here and has few friends so he feels l________. 34．In France, people k________ friends on the cheek to say hello. 35．I looked everywhere but my notebook is still m________. 36．The Red Cross is an o________ that helps people during emergencies like natural disasters and wars. 37．If I break the family rule, my parents will p________ me. 38．I won’t go to Sarah’s birthday party u________ she invites me. 39．My grandpa lives alone, but he never feels l________ because we visit him often. 40．All the students took an a________ part in the preparations for the English Drama Festival last month. 41．My grandmother always hugs me w________ whenever I visit her. 42．You’ve helped me a lot. In r________, I will teach you how to play the guitar. 43．If you have a f________, you should drink more hot water and rest. 44．I like to c________ with my friends online when I feel lonely. 45．You got all the answers c________. Well done! 46．Before you start your exercise plan, you should c________ your health condition first. 47．I’ve never read a classic novel before. Could you r________ one to me? 48．— Hi, Lin Feng. Are you going to Jack’s birthday party this Sunday? — No. I have to r________ his invitation because I’ll have a family get-together then. 49．Make sure to use electrical devices (电器设备) in a right way. For example, never touch them with wet hands—that can be very u________. 50．A________ we may face difficulties, Li Cuili believes books can always light our way. 二、用所给词正确形式填空 51．When the typhoon ________ (hit), strong winds blew down many trees. 52．He is so ________ (care) that he often makes mistakes in his homework. 53．Our parents expect us ________ (help) with housework on weekends. 54．Keep working hard and you are sure to be ________ (success). 55．They decide ________ (provide) some food and clothes for the homeless people. 56．It is ________ (proper) to greet people by kissing on the cheek in Korea. 57．When the typhoon landed last night, I __________ (have) dinner with my parents. 58．They __________ (be) in this village since 10 years ago. 59．There are ________ (hundred) of animals in the rainforest. 60．This new app allows people __________ (find) study partners around the world. 61．After your explanation, the instructions are ________ (clear) than before. 62．We should learn how ________ (manage) our pocket money well. 63．The two artists draw the same animal quite ________. (different) 64．Doctors warn people ________ (not eat) too much unhealthy fast food too often. 65．While my parents ________(have) dinner, they received a call about the coming storm. 66．My parents ________ (marry) since twenty years ago. 67．The details of the accident are still ________ (clear) to reporters and they want to find out the truth quickly. 68．With teamwork, they ________ (successful) climbed the high mountain. 69．All of us desire ________ (win) the game. 70．Did the show inspire you ________ (volunteer) at the museum? 71．We should make every effort ________ (protect) our shared environment. 72．Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland is about a girl who gets ________ (lose) in a magical world. 73．With the ________ (develop) of AI, the creative mind is especially important. 74．It is ________ (usual) for him to get angry easily these days, for he is always gentle. 75．The ________ (deep) of the Yellow River in some places is very surprising. 76．Many ________ were excited to know the Changchong Mountain reopened on June 2nd.（climb） 77．The climate in the mountains is ________. That’s why we say “one mountain has four seasons”. (change) 78．We should protect the ________ (nature) environment for animals to live safely. 79．On 11 May, 2026, China sent up Tianzhou-10 cargo spaceship ________ in Wenchang, Hainan. (successful) 80．We were sad about the old man’s ________ (dead). 81．It may be ________ to try something new, but every effort is worth it. (risk) 82．You can work out this math problem _________ if you follow the steps carefully. (simple) 83．He likes to think about all the choices before making a ________ (decide). 84．People are very ________ (thank) to the doctors for saving their lives. 85．Sun Yingsha is my favorite table tennis ________. (play) 86．—Why did she look so strange? —I told her the surprising news, so she looked ________ (shock). 87．Students learn daily knowledge to help ________ solve life problems someday. (they) 88．________, he caught the last bus and arrived at school on time. (luck) 89．She can answer the question all by ________ (she). 90．Jane answered the question ________ (nervous) because she was afraid of making a mistake. 三、短文填空 （一） The Boy Who Biked the World is a travel adventure. It was written 91 Alastair Humphreys. The writer finished a four-year bicycle ride around the world. The hero of the story is a boy called Tom. He really wants to be 92 explorer. His favourite book is an atlas (地图集). And he is 93 (interested) in adventures than anything else. One day, Tom 94 (final) starts his own adventure. He 95 (travel) through Europe, the Middle East and Africa on his bicycle. The story is full of amazing facts about the countries he visits, and the 96 (character) he meets. One of 97 (I) favourite parts is the opening of the book. The teacher finds Tom daydreaming in the Maths class. This 98 (happen) to me several times since last week, too. And I really like the funny pictures in this book. I would surely recommend this book to anyone who loves geography and wants 99 (go) on an adventure. The book is for 8-12-year-olds, 100 I think older kids will enjoy reading it too. It’s perfect for students learning English. （二） There was a traditional way to start learning in ancient China. Before beginning their studies, students met their teachers in a very special way. It was called the Bai Shi Ceremony, which marked the beginning of 101 (they) learning journey. At the ceremony, students showed great thanks to their teachers while they 102 (greet) their teachers. Instead of shaking hands or saying hello, they bowed three times. They gave their teachers a cup of tea, 103 they also wrote a Bai Shi Tie. These acts meant, “I trust you, teacher. I’m ready to learn 104 you.” In return, the teacher made 105 promise. He would treat the student like a family member. The teacher didn’t just teach 106 (skill) . He helped the student become an honest person who never tells lies and learn to live a life 107 (wise) . This deep relationship between teacher and student was one of 108 (important) hearts of education. We 109 (pass) down traditional teacher-student culture from generation to generation (世世代代) already. Today, we don’t hold this ceremony anymore, but many students still show love to their teachers. A kind word, a smile, or a thank-you note can all be great ways 110 (express) thanks. These small acts keep the spirit of the Bai Shi Ceremony alive, reminding us that respect and gratitude will always be important in learning. （三） How to Get Along with Nature’s Temper Nature is both a kind mother and a cold-blooded killer. To live in harmony (和谐) with nature, we need to learn how to get along with its 111 (change) tempers. This not only keeps us safe 112 also helps us enjoy the beauty of nature. Pay attention to the weather reports from different apps. Before going out, check them to know if there will be storms, heatwaves or cold winds. If the weather is bad, the 113 (report) will advise people to be careful. I learned this lesson last year. One afternoon, I 114 (walk) home from school when it started to rain heavily. I didn’t check the weather app that morning, so I soon got wet. Respect nature’s changes and never try to fight against them. When a storm comes, stay calm and find a safe place 115 (hide) instead of running in the rain. Do not cut down trees or pollute rivers, as these actions will make nature’s temper 116 (bad). Trees can help stop strong winds and prevent floods, while clean rivers keep nature balanced. Learn from nature’s lessons. Every change of nature 117 (have) a reason, and it teaches us to be humble (谦逊的) and brave. When we see plants standing firmly in a storm, we should learn 118 (they) courage. When we feel the gentle wind in spring, we should enjoy the beauty of nature. By following these 119 (suggest), we can get along well with nature’s temper and live a happy life with nature. Remember, nature is our friend, and we should always treat it with care. Nature makes us 120 (wonder). That is why it is wonderful. （四） The Yellow River is one of the most amazing natural wonders in China. In the hearts of 121 (China) people, it is regarded as the mother river. The river is expected to play a more important role in our country’s 122 (develop). The river got its name Huanghe in Chinese 123 its water is yellow. When the river runs through the Loess Plateau (黄土高原), it 124 (real) carries lots of yellow sand into the water. Starting from Qinghai Province in northwestern China, the Yellow River runs from the mountains 125 the sea. It runs through a lot of places before 126 (run) into the Bohai Sea. The 5,464-kilometre-long river feeds about 12% of China’s population and provides water for more than sixty 127 (city). So far, our country 128 (make) great efforts in the environmental protection of the river. Each year over 400 million tons of sand is prevented from being washed into it. Our mother river has become much 129 (clear) than before. Therefore, we should take practical action to protect the Yellow River by 130 (we). （五） Dear Tom, How are you? I want to tell you about something special I did last month. I 131 (join) a volunteer group and helped out at a community center. Every Saturday, I 132 (teach) kids to read English stories. It was really 133 (interest) to see them improve. One boy, Li Ming, couldn’t read at first, but after a few weeks, he was able to read short stories 134 himself! Last week, there was a heavy rainstorm while we 135 (have) class. The wind was blowing heavily outside. We had to stay inside until the rain stopped. The 136 (child) were a little scared, so I told them a story about 137 old man who tried to move a mountain. The story told them that nothing is 138 (possible) if you keep trying. By the way, have you read The Old Man and the Sea yet? I have already finished 139 . It’s a great book about courage (勇气). You should read it! I 140 (real) hope you can join our volunteer group. It’s a wonderful experience! Write back soon! Yours, Wang Lin （六） Fill in each blank with a proper form of the word given or a proper word. To most people, Mount Qomolangma is one of the world’s greatest wonders. Standing at the earth’s highest point, one seems close enough to touch the sky. 141 , only top climbers can reach its top, for they must first survive terrible conditions. On the mountain, temperatures can drop to - 30 degrees and, climbers have to fight thin air, high cliffs and 142 (change) weather. Before 1960, no one had reached its top from the 143 (north) side, which was even named the “Death Road”. Yet a Chinese 144 (climb) team was determined to make the climb. On May 24, 1960, four Chinese climbers got to the Second Step at 8,600 metres. Liu Lianman’s teammates 145 (step) on his shoulders and they 146 (final) climbed past it. At 4:20 a.m. the next day, the Chinese 147 (nation) flag flew over Qomolangma for 148 first time. In 1975, another Chinese team climbed up for research and left a ladder at the Second Step. Until 2007, most climbers from the north relied on this “Chinese Ladder”. 149 2020, Chinese researchers measured its exact 150 (high) as 8,848.86metres. Though climbing Qomolangma is risky with many failures, people still dare to try. It is human curiosity and ambition that drive them, just as explorer George Mallory said: “because it’s there”. （七） I think it’s wonderful to help others, so I would like 151 (take) part in the activity this weekend. My neighbor Mr. Li needs 152 (we) help. He is 75 years old now and he is 153 (able). What’s worse, he is blind. Since he lives alone, it’s really difficult for him to take a walk and do some reading. So I plan to take him for a walk. I will chat with him 154 read newspapers for him. I also plan to help 155 (clean) his flat. It is necessary for us to do something for 156 elderly, and we can also learn more about their lives. We know there are many left-behind (留守的) children now. Their parents work far away 157 their hometowns. These children are facing many 158 (problem) now. It is easy for them to feel lonely and they also have some trouble 159 (make) friends with others sometimes. I think we should plan a project to help them. And we can 160 (donate) our money and clothes to them. We should care more about them. And parents should return to see their children as often as possible. （八） Have you ever read A Traveler Sees No Boundaries (《行者无疆》) by Yu Qiuyu? It is a book about travel and culture. 161 book tells us about Yu’s travels in over 96 famous cities. And it especially shows the writer’s great interest and his understanding of foreign cultures. While I was 162 (read) this book, I felt like I was traveling with the writer and seeing the beautiful places in each country. One of the 163 (amazing) parts of the book is Yu’s visit to Rome which is a romantic (浪漫的) city. 164 , the trip didn’t start well. When Yu 165 (one) arrived in Rome, he found that there were almost no people. Then after 166 (talk) with an old couple, he found out most of the people there were on a long holiday. How interesting! They lived happily and 167 (simple). The book always reminds the readers of the streets of Rome from time 168 time. For centuries, modern buildings have been with ancient ones, creating a mix of old and new. It also shows the similarities and 169 (different) between Eastern and Western countries to add more beauty to his writing. All in all, the book 170 (it) is a great encouragement for us to look for what we haven’t done before. （九） A hurricane (飓风) is a huge storm that forms over warm ocean water. Hurricanes have winds that move in a circle. Hurricane winds are very 171 (power), and can move at speeds from 120 km/h to over 300 km/h. The centre of hurricane winds is 172 (call) the eye. Winds in the eye 173 (be) not very strong. Around the eye is an area called the eye wall. The wall is where winds are the 174 (strong) and rain is the heaviest. Strong winds and heavy rain can do a lot of damage (破坏) when a hurricane moves over land. Hurricane winds can be strong enough to break windows into pieces. The winds can even knock over tall trees, which might fall on 175 (build) or cars. Strong winds can pick up objects and send 176 (they) into the air, causing damage. Heavy rain from a hurricane can cause floods in areas that are not close 177 a coast. The floodwater can be very deep. It sometimes reaches almost up to the top of houses. Water goes into the houses quickly and 178 (do) a lot of damage. Wooden structures (结构) might be 179 (danger) after a flood. 180 there is no way to prevent a hurricane, you can get prepared for it. （十） The Hukou Waterfall is a famous natural wonder located where the provinces of Shanxi and Shaanxi meet. It is the largest yellowish waterfall in the world and the 181 (two) largest waterfall in China. Its name, “Hukou”, perfectly describes how the wide river 182 (sudden) narrows (变狭窄) and then rushes down. Because of its special location, the area around Hukou has been 183 important place for cultural and economic exchanges across our country. There are also some interesting stories about the Hukou Waterfall. One of 184 (they) is about Dayu and the Dragon King. Long ago, the water level of the Yellow River was 185 (hundred) of metres high. As Dayu cut through the Dragon Gate Mountain 186 (control) the flood, the Dragon King had nowhere to hide. He drilled (钻) underground, beat the rocks with his tail, and finally 187 (create) this waterfall. The view of the Hukou Waterfall is very 188 (change) with the seasons, so you can enjoy its special beauty from spring to winter. 189 I stood on the Shaanxi side in an afternoon, the golden sunlight was shining beautifully on the water. How 190 (surprising) I experienced its magic! From there, I got a greater view of how wide the waterfall was. 参考答案 1．proud/roud 【详解】句意：我们都为国家在太空科学方面的巨大进步感到自豪。根据首字母提示“p”以及“of our country’s great progress”，此处表示“自豪的”。形容词proud“自豪的”符合语境，且“be proud of”为固定搭配，意为“为……感到自豪”。 2．nicely/icely 【详解】句意：当我哥哥结婚时，我们都很高兴，并且穿着得体地去参加他的聚会。根据首字母n及语境“dressed ______”可知，此处需填副词nicely修饰动词dressed，表示“穿得漂亮/得体”。故填nicely。 3．purpose/urpose 【详解】句意：这项活动的主要目的是让我们更多地了解传统文化。句中“p”是名词，前面有形容词“main”修饰，结合“to let us learn more about traditional culture”及首字母为p可知，应是说活动的主要目的，purpose“目的”，符合语境。 4． normal/ormal 【详解】句意：在全班面前演讲之前感到紧张是很正常的。It is + adj. + to do sth.表示“做某事是……的”。根据句子“feel nervous before giving a speech in front of the class”和首字母n的提示，紧张是正常的，应填形容词normal。 5．pressure/ressure 【详解】句意：来自学习的过多压力会让学生感到压力重重。根据首字母及“can make students feel stressed out”可知，此处指的是压力。pressure为不可数名词，表示“压力”。 6．dentist/entist 【详解】句意：我的叔叔是一名牙医，他帮人们护理牙齿。后文“helps people take care of their teeth”对应职业dentist；不定冠词a后面接可数名词单数。故填dentist。 7．trouble/rouble 【详解】句意：如果你总是违反校规，你会陷入大麻烦的。句中“t”是名词，前面有形容词“big”修饰，结合“if you always break the school rules”（总是违反校规）及首字母为t可知，应是说你会有大麻烦，trouble“麻烦，困难”，符合语境，通常作不可数名词‌。 8．themselves/hemselves 【详解】句意：他们在派对上唱歌跳舞，玩得十分尽兴。他们共同度过了多么美好的一天啊！由给出的首字母及语境可知，此处为固定搭配enjoy oneself（玩得开心），主语They对应的复数反身代词为themselves。 9．alone/lone 【详解】句意：我的祖父独自生活，但他从不感到孤独，因为他有很多爱好。此处需要副词修饰动词lives；alone作副词表示“独自地”，侧重客观上独自一人居住，后文的lonely侧重主观内心的孤独感，二者形成对应，因此填alone契合语境与语法用法。 10．sudden/udden 【详解】句意：狗正在安静地睡觉，突然，它跳了起来，开始吠叫。根据“it jumped up and started barking”和首字母提示，可知此处是固定短语all of a sudden，意为“突然”，因此，空缺处填sudden。 11．power/ower 【详解】句意：惊人的实力让孙颖莎成为顶尖选手。空格前有形容词amazing修饰，需要填入名词作句子主语。结合首字母p和后文“makes Sun Yingsha a top player”可知，此处表示实力，名词power意为“实力”，符合语境。 12．Talent/alent 【详解】句意：天赋是把某事做好的自然能力。根据“a natural ability to do something well”可知，把某事做好的自然能力是“天赋”，对应的单词是talent，可数名词，由“is”可知，用单数形式。 13． knowledge/nowledge 【详解】句意：阅读不同种类的书籍帮助我们获取更多知识。结合首字母提示以及“Reading different kinds of books”表示“书籍帮助我们获取知识”，此处应填不可数名词knowledge“知识”。 14． lost/ost 【详解】句意：如果你身上不带地图，在这条山路上会迷路。固定搭配get lost，表示“迷路”。故填lost。 15． owner/wner 【详解】句意：房子的主人是来自宁夏的一位老人。“is an”说明空格处是可数名词单数，首字母为“o”，可用名词“owner”，表示“主人”，符合句意，故填owner。 16．check/heck 【详解】句意：在交卷前仔细检查试卷是很重要的。根据“before you hand in your paper”及首字母c可知，此处应用动词check，意为“检查”，符合交卷前核对试卷的语境；“It is+形容词+to do sth.”意为“做某事是……的”，固定句型，因此空处填写动词原形check。 17．break/reak 【详解】句意：苏炳添刻苦训练多年，他想要在100米比赛中打破世界纪录。首字母为b，且“打破世界纪录”的固定表达为“break the world record”，wanted to do sth.“想要做某事”是固定搭配，此处用动词原形break。 18．toothache/oothache 【详解】句意：她现在必须去看牙医，因为她牙疼。该处需一个名词，与suffer from构成固定搭配，结合首字母t和语境，单词toothache“牙疼”符合句意。 19．careless/areless 【详解】句意：她很粗心，会反复犯下相同的错误。我们帮她改掉这个坏习惯吧。根据“she makes the same mistakes over and over again”可知她是粗心的，首字母c提示此处填写“careless”，粗心的，契合“重复犯错”对应的性格描述。 20． warmly/armly 【详解】句意：游客抵达这里时，所有村民都热情地欢迎了他们。修饰动词welcomed需使用副词，结合首字母w，单词warm的副词形式warmly意为“热情地”。 21．death/eath 【详解】句意：那位老人的宠物狗的死亡给他带来了巨大的悲伤。结合首字母提示以及“The old man’s pet dog’s”表示“狗的死亡”，应用名词death“死亡”作主语。 22． guard/uard 【详解】句意：我的狗可以看守我们的房子并保护我们安全。该处需一个动词，在句中作谓语；根据后文“our house and keep us safe”的语境提示，其语义与“看守，守卫”相关；且空前有情态动词can，其后必须接动词原形。结合首字母“g”，故填guard。 23．cross/ross 【详解】句意：在你上学的路上，当你穿过马路时，你不应该看手机。根据首字母c及语境“the road”可知，此处指“穿过”马路，应用动词cross。when引导的时间状语从句，时态用一般现在时，主语是you，谓语动词用原形，故填cross。 24．burn/urn 【详解】句意：幸运的是，火被扑灭并且没有烧毁任何东西。根据“didn’t”可知，此处应填动词原形，由“the fire”并结合首字母b可知，动词burn“烧毁”符合语境。 25．sudden/udden 【详解】句意：突然，雷声在天空中隆隆作响。结合首字母s可知，固定短语all of a sudden“突然”，符合语境，用在句首，修饰整个句子。故填sudden。 26．private/rivate 【详解】句意：许多法国人非常注重隐私，不喜欢谈论个人事务。根据首字母提示和“don’t like to talk about personal things”可知，形容词private“私密的”符合语境。 27．lost/ost 【详解】句意：这个小男孩迷路了，找不到回家的路。单词首字母为l，固定搭配get lost表示“迷路”；got是系动词get的过去式，后接形容词lost作表语，后文“couldn’t find his way home（找不到回家的路）”印证迷路的语境。 28．power/ower 【详解】句意：我们老师常告诉我们“知识就是力量”，所以我们应该努力学习。结合首字母“p”和常识，“Knowledge is power”是固定谚语，意为“知识就是力量”，“power”表示“力量”，符合语境及语法要求，故填power。 29．Nobody/obody 【详解】句意：今天的班会没有人迟到，大家都准时到了。根据后句“Everyone arrived on time”可知，此处表示“没有人”，结合首字母“N”，对应的单词是“Nobody”，符合语境及语法要求。 30．hug/ug 【详解】句意：当我感到难过时，妈妈经常会给我一个温暖的拥抱。a warm后要接可数名词单数，hug“拥抱”，符合难过时妈妈给予的暖心安抚动作。 31． correctly/orrectly 【详解】句意：答题前仔细阅读问题，确保你把每个单词拼写正确。句中动词spell需要副词修饰动作，首字母c结合语境可判断词根为correct，其副词变形为correctly，故填correctly。 32． charity/harity 【详解】句意：许多人向慈善机构捐款，帮助贫困地区的孩子接受教育。“donate money”意为”捐款“，捐款的目的是助学，一般是向慈善机构捐款，故填charity。 33． lonely/onely 【详解】句意：他刚搬到这里，朋友很少，所以他感到孤独。根据“has few friends”可知，朋友少会感到孤独，结合首字母提示，需填形容词lonely，意为“孤独的”，作系动词feels的表语。 34． kiss/iss 【详解】句意：在法国，人们会亲吻朋友的脸颊以示问候。句子介绍法国日常交际习俗，描述客观常态使用一般现在时，主语people表复数，谓语动词用原形；首字母k结合贴面礼语境可判断单词为kiss，故填kiss。 35． missing/issing 【详解】句意：我到处都找过了，但我的笔记本还是不见了。be动词后接形容词作表语，根据“I looked everywhere but…”以及首字母提示可知，这里指笔记本不见了。故填missing，意为“丢失的，找不到的”。 36．organization/rganization/organisation/rganisation 【详解】句意：红十字会是一个在自然灾害和战争等紧急情况下帮助人们的组织。句中不定冠词“an”提示空格处应填入一个以元音音素开头的单数可数名词。根据主语“The Red Cross”以及定语从句“that helps people during emergencies...”的描述可知，此处是在定义红十字会的性质，即它是一个“组织”。结合首字母“o”的提示，单词organization/organisation（组织）符合语境及语法要求。 37． punish/unish 【详解】句意：如果我违反家规，我的父母会惩罚我。根据首字母p及句意“违反家规”可知，父母会“惩罚”，punish“惩罚”符合语境，置于will后，用动词原形，此处用原形即可。 38． unless/nless 【详解】句意：除非莎拉邀请我，否则我不会去她的生日聚会。根据首字母u及“I won’t go to Sarah’s birthday party…she invites me.”可知，此处引导条件状语从句，相当于if…not，unless“除非”符合语境。 39． lonely/onely 【详解】句意：我爷爷独自居住，但他从不感到孤独，因为我们经常去看他。根据首字母提示和“but he never feels…because we visit him often.”可知，此处指爷爷并不孤独，lonely“孤独的”，作feel的表语，符合语境。 40． active/ctive 【详解】句意：上个月所有学生都积极参与英语戏剧节的筹备工作。固定搭配take an active part in意为“积极参与……”，此处需要形容词active修饰名词part，故填active。 41． warmly/armly 【详解】句意：每次我去看望奶奶，她总会热情地拥抱我。空格修饰动词hugs，需要使用副词；warm的副词形式为warmly，表示“热情地、温暖地”。 42．return/eturn 【详解】句意：你帮了我很多。作为回报，我会教你弹吉他。in return是固定词组，含义为“作为回报”，空格首字母给出r，完整单词为return，故填return。 43．fever/ever 【详解】句意：如果你发烧了，就应该多喝热水、好好休息。空格前“a”后接可数名词单数，根据下文“you should drink more hot water and rest”可知，多喝热水、休息，说明生病了，首字母f对应名词fever，固定短语have a fever意为“发烧”。 44．chat/hat 【详解】句意：当我感到孤独时，我喜欢在网上与朋友聊天。根据首字母提示“c”以及“with my friends online”，此处表示“聊天”。动词chat“聊天”符合语境，且“chat with”为固定搭配，意为“与……聊天”，空前有不定式符号“to”，应用动词原形，故填chat。 45．correctly/orrectly 【详解】句意：你所有的答案都正确。做得好！副词“correctly”修饰动词“got”，表示“正确地得到/回答”，首字母c对应 correctly。 46．check/heck 【详解】句意：在开始锻炼计划前，你应当先检查自身健康状况。根据首字母提示和“Before you start your exercise plan”，此处表示应当先检查自身健康状况。动词check“检查”符合语境。情态动词should后接动词原形。 47．recommend/ecommend 【详解】句意：我以前从未读过经典小说，你能给我推荐一本吗？根据句意和首字母r可知，recommend动词，意为“推荐”，固定搭配recommend something to somebody向某人推荐某物。故填recommend。 48． refuse/efuse 【详解】句意：——嗨，林峰，你这周日要去杰克的生日派对吗？——不去，我不得不拒绝他的邀请，因为我那时有家庭聚会。句中“have to”是情态短语，意为“不得不”，后接动词原形，该词在句中与have to共同作谓语。结合首字母提示和不去派对的语境，需要表达“拒绝”含义的动词，refuse符合语义和语法要求。故填refuse。 49．unsafe/nsafe 【详解】句意：确保正确使用电器设备。例如，切勿用湿手触碰它们——那会非常危险。系动词“be”后需接形容词作表语，结合首字母“u”和“never touch them with wet hands”的安全提示语境可知，用湿手触碰电器设备是不安全的。符合逻辑的词是unsafe，意为“危险的、不安全的”。 50．Although/lthough 【详解】句意：虽然我们可能会面临困难，但李翠利相信书籍总能照亮我们的前路。该处需一个从属连词，在句中引导让步状语从句。分析从句“we may face difficulties”与主句之间的逻辑关系可知，前后两部分语义为“虽然……但是……”，属于让步关系。结合首字母“A”可知，应用表示“虽然，尽管”的从属连词although，且由于其位于句首，首字母需大写，故填Although。 51．hit 【详解】句意：台风来袭时，强风将许多树木吹倒。根据“strong winds blew down many trees”可知，时态是一般过去时，故此处用动词过去式。hit的过去式仍为hit。 52．careless 【详解】句意：他如此粗心，经常在作业里出错。so后接形容词作表语，后文makes mistakes“犯错”，说明是“粗心的”，careless粗心的。 53．to help 【详解】句意：我们的父母期望我们在周末帮忙做家务。help“帮助”，动词，expect sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，表示“期望某人做某事”，其中不定式to do作宾语补足语，补充说明“期望我们做什么”，故填to help。 54．successful 【详解】句意：坚持努力下去，你一定会获得成功。系动词be，be动词后面常接形容词充当表语。给出的success是名词，意为“成功”；它对应的形容词形式为successful（成功的），所以填successful。 55．to provide 【详解】句意：他们决定为无家可归的人提供一些食物和衣物。根据“decide”提示，decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，后接动词不定式作宾语。provide的不定式形式是to provide。 56．improper 【详解】句意：在韩国，用亲吻脸颊的方式打招呼是不合礼仪的。本句为固定句型“It is+形容词+to do sth”，表示“做某事是……的”，系动词is后需要使用形容词作表语；韩国日常社交礼仪里，亲吻脸颊并不是常规的问候方式，该行为不合礼节；proper意为“得体的、合乎规矩的”，加上否定前缀im-构成反义词improper，意为“不合礼仪的、不妥当的”，贴合句子实际语义。 57．was having 【详解】句意：昨晚台风登陆的时候，我正和父母一起吃晚餐。句中“landed”表示短暂过去动作，when引导的时间状语从句体现过去某一具体时刻，主句要使用过去进行时描述当时正在进行的行为，主语为I，对应be动词was，have变动名词形式为having，故填was having。 58．have been 【详解】句意：他们自从十年前就住在这个村子里。句中“since 10 years ago”是现在完成时标志性时间状语，代表动作从过去延续至今，空格在句中作谓语，主语They为复数，be的过去分词形式为been，现在完成时复数主语搭配have，故填have been。 59．hundreds 【详解】句意：雨林里有成百上千的动物。根据句意，此处表示雨林里的动物有很多，要用表示概数的数词短语，hundreds of表示“成百上千的”，符合句意。 60．to find 【详解】句意：这款新应用允许人们寻找世界各地的学习伙伴。固定搭配“allow sb. to do sth.”，意为“允许某人做某事”，不定式作宾语补足语，应填to find。 61．clearer 【详解】句意：经过你的讲解之后，这些说明文字比之前更清晰了。句中出现了than，这是使用比较级的标志词。形容词clear的比较级形式是clearer。 62．to manage 【详解】句意：我们应该学会如何妥善管理我们的零花钱。句中含有结构“疑问词how+动词不定式”，用来表示“如何做某事”，在句中作learn的宾语，故填to manage。 63． differently 【详解】句意：这两位艺术家把同一只动物画得相当不同。所给词为different“不同的”，空格处需填入副词修饰动词draw，表示“不同地”，different的副词形式为differently。 64． not to eat 【详解】句意：医生警告人们不要频繁吃太多不健康的快餐。空格处在句中作及物动词warn的宾语补足语，需用非谓语动词形式。固定搭配“warn sb. to do sth.”，意为“警告某人做某事”，其否定形式为“warn sb. not to do sth.”，意为“警告某人不要做某事”，其中不定式符号to前需接否定词not。not eat的否定不定式形式为not to eat。 65．were having 【详解】句意：当我的父母正在吃晚饭时，他们接到了一通关于即将来临的暴风雨的电话。while引导的时间状语从句，常表示从句动作正在进行时主句动作发生，主句received是一般过去时，从句要用过去进行时；主语my parents是复数，be动词用were，have的现在分词是having，故填were having。 66． have been married 【详解】句意：我的父母已经结婚二十年了。 时间状语since twenty years ago是现在完成时的标志；marry是短暂性动词，不能和时间段连用，需要转换为延续性状态be married，主语my parents为复数，现在完成时结构为have been married。 67． unclear 【详解】句意：这起事故的细节对记者而言仍然不清晰，他们想要尽快查明真相。根据“want to find out the truth quickly”可知，此处表示事故的细节不清晰，系动词“are”后接形容词作表语，填入clear的反义词unclear。 68．successfully 【详解】句意：依靠团队协作，他们成功登上了这座高山。括号内successful是形容词，此处修饰动词climbed，需要用副词形式successfully。 69． to win 【详解】句意：我们所有人都渴望赢得这场比赛。句中动词desire意为“渴望”，固定搭配为desire to do sth.（渴望做某事），其后需接动词不定式作宾语，故填to win。 70．to volunteer 【详解】句意：这场展览激励你去博物馆做志愿者了吗？固定搭配inspire sb. to do sth.表示“激励某人做某事”，空处应填动词不定式to volunteer作宾语补足语。 71．to protect 【详解】句意：我们应该尽一切努力保护我们共同的环境。“make every effort to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“尽一切努力做某事”，此处需用动词不定式作目的状语。应填to protect。 72． lost 【详解】句意：《爱丽丝梦游仙境》讲述了一个女孩在奇幻世界迷路的故事。get lost表示“迷路”，此处用lose的形容词形式lost。 73．development 【详解】句意：随着人工智能的发展，创造性思维显得尤为重要。此处是固定搭配with the + 名词 + of...的结构，意思是“随着……的发展”，需要把动词develop转换为名词形式development。 74． unusual 【详解】句意：这些天他很容易生气，这对他来说不寻常，因为他总是很温和。“he is always gentle”表明他平时温和，现在容易生气是“不寻常”的，usual应加否定前缀“un-”变为unusual。 75．depth 【详解】句意：黄河在某些地方的深度十分惊人。空处位于定冠词“The”和介词“of”之间，需填名词作主语，表示“黄河的深度”。提示词“deep”是形容词，其对应的名词为depth“深度”，符合语境。 76．climbers 【详解】句意：得知长虫山于6月2日重新开放，许多攀爬者很兴奋。根据括号内提示“climb”（攀爬）可知，空格处需要一个表示“人”的名词，climber意为“登山者；攀爬者”，由空格前的Many可知需用复数形式表示“许多登山者”；climber的复数为climbers，与“were excited”相呼应。故填climbers。 77．changeable 【详解】句意：山里的气候多变。这就是为什么我们说“一山有四季”。空处作表语，需用change的形容词形式changeable，表示“多变的”。 78． natural 【详解】句意：我们应该保护自然环境，让动物安全地生存。句中“environment”为名词，前面需要形容词作定语，nature的形容词形式为natural，意为“自然的”，符合句意。 79． successfully 【详解】句意：2026年5月11日，中国在海南文昌成功发射了天舟十号货运飞船。此处需填其副词形式，空格位于动词短语“sent up”之后，修饰动作，故用successfully。 80．death 【详解】句意：我们为这位老人的离世感到难过。句中“old man’s”是名词所有格形式，后面需要接名词作介词about的宾语。dead对应的名词形式为death，表示“死亡”，故填death。 81．risky 【详解】句意：尝试新事物可能会有风险，但每一次努力都是值得的。所给词为名词risk“风险”，空格处需填入形容词作表语。根据“try something new”，是说有风险的，risk的形容词形式为risky“有风险的”。故填risky。 82．simply 【详解】句意：如果你仔细按照步骤操作，你可以简单地解出这道数学题。此处修饰动词短语work out，需用副词形式。simple的副词为simply，意为“简单地”。 83．decision 【详解】句意：他在做决定前喜欢考虑所有的选择。句中make a后面需要接名词，decide是动词，对应的名词形式是decision。make a decision是固定搭配，意为“做决定”，应填decision。 84． thankful 【详解】句意：人们十分感激救了他们性命的医生。thank是动词/名词，空前有副词very，系动词are后需要形容词作表语，固定搭配be thankful to sb.，意为“对某人心怀感激”，thank的形容词形式为thankful。 85．player 【详解】句意：孙颖莎是我最喜欢的乒乓球运动员。“play”是动词，意为“打 (球)”，此处需用表示“运动员”的名词player来作表语，说明孙颖莎的身份，由“is”可知，此空用单数。 86．shocked 【详解】句意：我告诉了她这个惊人的消息，所以她看起来很震惊。look是系动词，后面要用形容词，主语是she，修饰人物的情绪特点，需用shock的形容词shocked。 87．themselves 【详解】句意：学生学习常识，以便将来帮助自己解决生活中的难题。句子主语“Students”和空格处指代同一群人，此处需要反身代词作宾语表“他们自己”；they的反身代词形式是themselves。 88． Luckily 【详解】句意：幸运的是，他赶上了末班车，准时到达了学校。luck意为“运气”，名词。此处需要一个副词来修饰整个句子，表达“幸运地”的含义，因此需要将luck转换为副词形式luckily，位于句首，单词首字母需大写。 89．herself 【详解】句意：她能够独自回答这个问题。固定短语by oneself，含义是“独自、靠自己”，此处需要填入反身代词。句子主语是She（女性第三人称单数），与之对应的反身代词为herself。 90．nervously 【详解】句意：简紧张地回答了问题，因为她害怕犯错误。空格处修饰动词“answered”，需用副词形式；“nervous”的副词为“nervously”，意为“紧张地”。 91．by 92．an 93．more interested 94．finally 95．travels 96．characters 97．my 98．has happened 99．to go 100．but 【导语】本文介绍了一本旅行冒险书籍《The Boy Who Biked the World》的基本信息、故事梗概和推荐理由，表达了作者对该书的喜爱。 【详解】91．句意：它是由Alastair Humphreys写的。句子使用了一般过去时的被动语态，表示“由……写”，介词“by”用于引出动作的执行者。 92．句意：他真的想成为一名探险家。此处表示“一名探险家”，explorer为可数名词单数，且发音以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词“an”。 93．句意：他对冒险比其他任何事情都更感兴趣。由“than”可知需用比较级，所给词“interested”的比较级为“more interested”，表示“更感兴趣的”。 94．句意：有一天，汤姆终于开始了自己的冒险。“final”需变为副词修饰动词“starts”，故用“finally”，表示“终于”。 95．句意：他骑自行车穿越欧洲、中东和非洲。描述书中的一般事实，主语“He”为第三人称单数，故用一般现在时“travels”。 96．句意：这本书充满了关于他访问的国家，以及他遇到的人物的惊人事实。所给词“character”指他遇到的多个人物，应用复数形式“characters”。 97．句意：我最喜欢的部分之一是书的开头。“one of”后接名词复数，但此处需填形容词性物主代词修饰“favourite parts”，所给词“I”应变为“my”。 98．句意：自从上周以来，这种事也发生在我身上好几次了。“since last week”表明动作从过去持续到现在，需用现在完成时，主语“This”为单数，故用“has happened”。 99．句意：我肯定会向任何热爱地理并想去冒险的人推荐这本书。“want”后接不定式作宾语，表示“想要做某事”，故用“to go”。 100．句意：这本书适合8到12岁的孩子，但我认为大一点的孩子也会喜欢读它。前后句为转折关系，此处需填表示转折的连词“but”。 101．their 102．were greeting 103．and 104．from 105．a 106．skills 107．wisely 108．the most important 109．have passed 110．to express 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国古代传统的“拜师礼”以及尊师重道的传统文化。 【详解】101．句意：它被称为拜师礼，标志着他们学习之旅的开始。设空处修饰名词短语learning journey，应用形容词性物主代词，故填their。 102．句意：在仪式上，学生们在迎接老师进来时向老师表达了深深的感谢。while引导的时间状语从句强调某动作正在进行时，通常用进行时态；结合主句的一般过去时（showed）可知，此处应用过去进行时，主语they为复数，故填were greeting。 103．句意：他们给老师敬一杯茶，并且他们也写了拜师帖。前后两个分句之间是并列、递进关系，故填and。 104．句意：我准备好向您学习了。分析句子结构，learn from sb.意为“向某人学习”，为固定搭配，故填from。 105．句意：作为回报，老师许下了一个诺言。make a promise意为“许下诺言”，为固定搭配，且promise是可数名词单数，发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 106．句意：老师不仅仅教授技能。skill是可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用复数形式，故填skills。 107．句意：他帮助学生成为一个从不说谎的诚实的人，并学会明智地生活。设空处修饰动词live，应用副词形式，故填wisely。 108．句意：这种深厚的师生关系是教育最重要的核心之一。“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”，为固定句型，故填the most important。 109．句意：我们已经把传统的师生文化世世代代传承下来了。根据句末的时间标志词already可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语We为复数，助动词用have，故填have passed。 110．句意：一句友善的话、一个微笑或一张感谢便条都可以是表达感谢的好方法。way to do sth.意为“做某事的方式”，此处应用动词不定式作后置定语修饰ways，故填to express。 111．changing 112．but 113．reports 114．was walking 115．to hide 116．worse 117．has 118．their 119．suggestions 120．wonder 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何与自然的多变脾气相处，包括关注天气预报、尊重自然变化、从中学习等建议，强调与自然和谐共处的重要性。 【详解】111．句意：我们需要学会如何与它变化多端的脾气相处。此处修饰名词tempers，需用形容词。change的现在分词形式changing可作形容词，意为“不断变化的”，符合语境。 112．句意：这不仅让我们保持安全，还帮助我们享受自然之美。固定搭配“not only…but also…”意为“不仅……而且……”。 113．句意：如果天气不好，报道会建议人们小心。提示词report，此处作主语，指天气预报报告，前文提到“weather reports”，故填复数形式reports。 114．句意：一天下午，我正在放学回家的路上，突然下起了大雨。根据“when it started to rain heavily”可知，主句应使用过去进行时，其结构为was/were+现在分词，主语是I，所以be动词用was，walk的现在分词为walking。 115．句意：保持冷静，找一个安全的地方躲起来，而不是在雨中奔跑。提示词hide意为“藏”，动词，此处需填不定式to hide作目的状语。 116．句意：这些行为会让自然的脾气更糟糕。“make sth.+形容词比较级”意为“使……更……”，bad的比较级为worse。 117．句意：自然的每一次变化都有一个原因。主语“Every change of nature”为单数，且描述一般事实，用一般现在时，动词have应变为第三人称单数形式has。 118．句意：我们应该学习它们的勇气。此处修饰名词courage，需填they的形容词性物主代词their，意为“它们的”。 119．句意：遵循这些建议。此处作宾语且前面有these，需用名词复数形式，suggest的名词为suggestion，其复数形式为suggestions。 120．句意：自然让我们感到惊奇。“make sb. do sth.”结构中，wonder作动词，意为“感到惊奇”，且后文“That is why it is wonderful.”中的wonderful也与wonder呼应。故填wonder。 121．Chinese 122．development 123．because 124．really 125．to 126．running 127．cities 128．has made 129．clearer 130．ourselves 【导语】本文介绍黄河是中国的母亲河，讲述黄河名称由来、流经路线，同时说明我国为黄河生态保护付出的努力，并呼吁我们自觉保护黄河。 【详解】121．句意：在中国人民心中，它被视作母亲河。空格后为名词people，需用形容词修饰名词，China的形容词形式Chinese表示“中国的”，符合语境。 122．句意：这条河流有望在我国的发展中发挥更重要的作用。名词所有格country’s后要接名词，develop的名词形式development意为“发展”，为不可数名词。 123．句意：这条河中文名叫黄河，因为它的河水是黄色的。前半句说明黄河的名字，后半句解释得名的原因，连词because引导原因状语从句。 124．句意：当河流流经黄土高原时，它真的携带大量黄沙汇入水中。空格修饰动词carries，要用副词，real的副词形式really作状语。 125．句意：黄河发源于中国西北的青海省，从高山流向大海。固定搭配from...to...表示“从…… 到……”，此处填to。 126．句意：在流入渤海之前，它流经很多地方。介词before后接动名词作宾语，run的动名词形式为running。 127．句意：这条全长5464公里的河流养育了中国约12%的人口，为六十多座城市供水。sixty后接可数名词复数，city的复数形式是cities。 128．句意：到目前为止，我国已经为河流的生态保护付出巨大努力。标志词So far意为“到目前为止”，是现在完成时的提示词，主语our country为单数，应填has made。 129．句意：我们的母亲河已经变得比以前清澈很多。句中出现比较级标志词than，形容词clear需使用比较级clearer，much修饰比较级表示“……得多”。 130．句意：因此，我们应当亲自采取实际行动保护黄河。固定搭配by oneself表示“独自、亲自”，we对应的反身代词是ourselves。 131．joined 132．taught 133．interesting 134．by 135．were having 136．children 137．an 138．impossible 139．it 140．really 【导语】本文讲述王林写信告诉汤姆自己上个月参与社区志愿教学的经历，分享孩子们取得进步的故事；一场暴雨来袭时，他给孩子们讲述愚公移山的故事安抚大家。同时他向汤姆推荐《老人与海》，并邀请汤姆加入志愿者队伍。 【详解】131．句意：我加入了一个志愿者小组，在社区中心帮忙。时间标志词last month表示句子用一般过去时，join变为过去式joined。 132．句意：每周六，我都会教孩子们读英文故事。此处描述过去每周常态化的动作，用一般过去时，teach的过去式是taught。 133．句意：看着他们取得进步真的很有意思。此处描述“看到孩子们进步这件事”是有趣的，修饰物用形容词interesting。 134．句意：但是几周之后，他就能自己读短篇故事了！固定搭配by oneself表示“独自、单独”。 135．句意：上周我们正在上课的时候，一场大暴雨来袭。while引导时间状语从句，描述过去正在进行的动作，用过去进行时（was/were+现在分词）；主语是we，be动词用were，have变为现在分词having。 136．句意：孩子们都有点害怕。后面be动词是were，主语要用child的复数形式children。 137．句意：于是我给他们讲了一个愚公移山的故事。此处泛指“一位老人”，old是以元音音素开头的单词，不定冠词用an。 138．句意：这个故事告诉他们，如果坚持不懈，没有什么是不可能的。此处表示“没有什么是不可能的”，possible要变为反义词impossible，表示“不可能的”。 139．句意：我已经读完它了。空格处应填代词it指代前文提到的《老人与海》这本书。 140．句意：我真心希望你能加入我们的志愿者队伍。空格处缺少副词修饰动词hope，real的副词形式是really。 141．But 142．changing 143．northern 144．climbing 145．stepped 146．finally 147．national 148．the 149．In 150．height 【导语】本文介绍了珠穆朗玛峰作为世界最高峰的险峻条件，以及中国登山队于1960年首次从北坡登顶的壮举，后续的测量与研究也彰显了人类探索未知的勇气与好奇心。 【详解】141．句意：然而，只有顶级登山者才能到达其顶峰，因为他们必须首先在恶劣的条件下生存下来。前句说珠峰令人惊叹，后句说只有顶级登山者才能登顶，前后存在转折关系，应用But，意为“然而，但是”，句首首字母大写。 142．句意：登山者必须应对稀薄的空气、陡峭的悬崖和多变的天气。空处修饰名词weather，表示“多变的天气”，应用change的形容词形式changing，意为“变化的，多变的”。 143．句意：1960年之前，没有人从北坡到达过其顶峰，北坡甚至被称为“死亡之路”。空处修饰名词side，表示“北侧的，北面的”，应用north的形容词形式northern，意为“北部的，北侧的”。 144．句意：然而，一支中国登山队决心进行这次攀登。空处修饰名词team，表示“登山队”，应用climb的动名词climbing作定语，意为“登山的”。 145．句意：刘连满的队友踩在他的肩膀上，他们最终攀登了过去。step“踩，踏”，动词，描述过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，应用过去式stepped。 146．句意：刘连满的队友踩在他的肩膀上，他们最终攀登了过去。空处修饰动词climbed，应用final的副词形式finally作状语，意为“最终，最后”。 147．句意：第二天凌晨4点20分，中国国旗首次飘扬在珠穆朗玛峰上空。空处修饰名词flag，表示“中国的”，应用nation的形容词形式national，意为“国家的，民族的”。 148．句意：第二天凌晨4点20分，中国国旗首次飘扬在珠穆朗玛峰上空。for the first time意为“第一次”，固定短语，应用定冠词the。 149．句意：2020年，中国研究人员测量出其精确高度为8848.86米。具体到某一年（2020），应用介词In，表示“在……年”，句首首字母大写。 150．句意：2020年，中国研究人员测量出其精确高度为8848.86米。空处作measured的宾语，应用high的名词形式height，意为“高度”。 151．to take 152．our 153．disabled 154．and 155．clean/to clean 156．the 157．from 158．problems 159．making 160．donate 【导语】本文介绍作者周末参加志愿活动的计划，包括帮助邻居老人和关爱留守儿童。 【详解】151．句意：我认为帮助他人是一件很棒的事，所以我想参加这个周末的志愿活动。“would like to do sth.”是动词短语，意为“想要做某事”，后接动词不定式，故用to take。 152．句意：我的邻居李先生需要我们的帮助。空格后是名词“help”，需用形容词性物主代词作定语，指代“我们的”，we对应的形容词性物主代词是our。 153．句意：他现在75岁了，而且身有残疾。空格前“is”是系动词，需用形容词作表语，able需变为disabled，意为“残疾的”。 154．句意：我会和他聊天并给他读报纸。“chat with him”与“read newspapers for him”是并列关系，需用并列连词and连接。 155．句意：我也计划帮忙打扫他的公寓。“help (to) do sth.”是动词短语，意为“帮助做某事”，to可省略，故用clean或to clean。 156．句意：我们有必要为老年人做些力所能及的事，同时我们也能更多地了解他们的生活。the + 形容词为固定结构，表示一类人，“the elderly”老年人”，需用定冠词the。 157．句意：他们的父母在远离家乡的地方工作。“far away from”是介词短语，意为“远离……”，为固定搭配，from 为介词，后接地点名词，表距离分隔。 158．句意：如今这些孩子们正面临许多问题。“many”后需接可数名词复数，problem的复数形式是problems。 159．句意：他们很容易感到孤单，有时在和他人交朋友方面也会遇到困难。“have trouble (in) doing sth.”是动词短语，意为“做某事有困难”，后接动名词作宾语，make的动名词形式是making。 160．句意：而且我们可以捐钱和衣服给他们。情态动词“can”后需接动词原形，donate用原形。 161．The 162．reading 163．most amazing 164．However 165．first 166．talking 167．simply 168．to 169．differences 170．itself 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者介绍余秋雨的《行者无疆》这本书，讲述书中内容以及自己阅读这本书后的感悟。 【详解】161．句意：这本书讲述了余秋雨在96座著名城市的旅行。根据前文提到的“A Traveler Sees No Boundaries”可知，上文已经提到这本书，此处表特指，用The，句首首字母大写。 162．句意：当我在读这本书的时候，我感觉自己好像和作者一起旅行，欣赏每个国家的美丽风景。该处为while引导的时间状语从句，时态为过去进行时，read的现在分词是reading。 163．句意：书中最令人惊叹的片段之一就是余秋雨游览浪漫的城市罗马。该处为固定结构“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”，这里要用最高级。amazing的最高级是most amazing。 164．句意：然而，这次旅行开局并不顺利。前文讲罗马很浪漫，后面说旅途开端不好，前后为转折关系；空处位于句首，后面有逗号，因此填副词however，句首首字母大写。 165．句意：当余秋雨第一次到达罗马的时候，他发现这儿几乎没有人。此处表达第一次，one要变为副词first。 166．句意：在和一对老夫妇交谈过后，他了解到大多数人都在度过长假。介词after后面接动名词。talk的动名词是talking。 167．句意：他们过得幸福又简朴。分析句子结构可知，此处用副词修饰动词lived；simple的副词形式是simply。 168．句意：这本书时常让读者想起罗马的街道。该处为固定搭配“from time to time”（时不时），所以填to。 169．句意：这本书也展示东西方国家之间的相同之处和不同之处。and前后形式保持一致，similarities是名词复数，different变为名词复数differences。 170．句意：总而言之，这本书本身鼓励我们去尝试以前没有做过的事情。此处用反身代词itself指代这本书本身，因此填itself。 171．powerful 172．called 173．are 174．strongest 175．buildings 176．them 177．to 178．does 179．dangerous 180．Although/Though 【导语】本文介绍飓风的形成、结构特点，以及飓风带来的狂风、暴雨危害，并说明无法阻止飓风，但可以提前做好防范。 【详解】171．句意：飓风的风力十分强劲，可以以每小时120公里至300多公里的速度移动。be动词后用形容词作表语；power的形容词形式为powerful。 172．句意：飓风的中心被称作飓风眼。主语与call之间存在被动关系，所以此处应用被动语态，结构为：be+过去分词。句中is已经给出，所以此处填call的过去分词called。 173．句意：飓风眼区域的风力并不是很强。句中缺少谓语。本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时；主语Winds是复数，所以此处填are。 174．句意：风眼壁区域风力最强，降雨也最为猛烈。前面有定冠词the，and后面的heaviest是最高级，并列要用strong的最高级strongest。 175．句意：大风甚至能刮倒高大的树木，树木可能砸落在建筑物或是车辆上。介词on后接名词作宾语，build的名词形式为building，or连接两个并列名词，cars为复数，所以此处应用复数形式buildings。 176．句意：大风会卷起各种物体，并将它们卷到空中，从而造成破坏。动词send后面用人称代词宾格them。 177．句意：飓风带来的暴雨，会让远离海岸的区域发生洪涝灾害。固定搭配：be close to…意为“靠近……”。 178．句意：雨水迅速涌入房屋，造成大量损毁。and连接并列谓语，时态为一般现在时，主语Water为不可数名词，所以此处用do的第三人称单数形式does。 179．句意：洪水过后，木质建筑结构可能会变得危险。be动词后用形容词作表语，danger的形容词形式为dangerous。 180．句意：尽管我们没有办法阻止飓风，但可以提前做好应对准备。前后两句为让步转折逻辑，前半句属于让步状语从句，因此用Although/Though引导，单词置于句首时首字母需要大写。 181．second 182．suddenly 183．an 184．them 185．hundreds 186．to control 187．created 188．changeable 189．When/As 190．surprisingly 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了壶口瀑布的地理位置、名称由来、相关传说及四季景观。 【详解】181．句意：它是世界上最大的黄色瀑布，也是中国第二大瀑布。表示“第二大”需用序数词，two的序数词形式为second。 182．句意：它的名字“壶口”完美地描述了宽阔的河流如何突然变窄然后冲泻而下。修饰动词narrows需用副词，sudden的副词形式为suddenly。 183．句意：由于其特殊的地理位置，壶口周边地区一直是我国跨文化交流和经济交流的重要场所。place为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一个重要的地方”，且important以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an。 184．句意：其中有一个是关于大禹和龙王的。“one of + 复数名词/代词”表示“……之一”，所给词they需用宾格形式them。 185．句意：很久以前，黄河的水位有几百米高。“hundreds of”为固定搭配，意为“数百的”，表示概数。 186．句意：大禹凿开龙门山以控制洪水，龙王无处可躲。此处用不定式作目的状语，表示“为了控制洪水”，填to control。 187．句意：他钻入地下，用尾巴拍打岩石，最终创造了这个瀑布。全文叙述过去的事情，且与drilled、beat并列，需用过去式，create的过去式为created。 188．句意：壶口瀑布的景观随季节变化很大，因此你可以欣赏从春到冬的特殊美景。is后接形容词作表语，change的形容词形式为changeable，表示“多变的”。 189．句意：一个下午，当我站在陕西一侧时，金色的阳光美丽地照耀在水面上。表示“当……时”，用连词when或as引导时间状语从句，且首字母需大写，填When/As。 190．句意：我是多么惊奇地体验了它的神奇！修饰动词experienced需用副词，surprising的副词形式为surprisingly 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $