暑假作业--基础巩固与拓展提高练习Unit2 -2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

**基本信息** 2026年人教版英语八年级下暑假Unit 2练习卷，以“健康生活”为主题，融合基础词汇语法与综合语用能力考查，适配单元核心知识，助力暑假巩固提升，体现语言能力与思维品质培养。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |首字母填空|25题|健康相关词汇（如medicine, fever, bandage）|情境贴近生活，强化单元核心词记忆| |词形填空|20题|动词不定式、反身代词、动名词等语法|注重语法规则在健康语境中的应用| |完形填空|10题|语篇理解与逻辑衔接|围绕“锻炼重要性”主题，考查上下文推理| |阅读理解|5题|饮水健康科普文|培养信息提取与主旨归纳能力，体现文化意识| |书面表达|1题|健康生活建议|结合思维导图，提升综合语言输出与问题解决能力，突出思维品质|

2026年人教版英语八年级下暑假作业--基础巩固与拓展提高练习Unit 2 基础巩固AOHANG 一、首字母填空 1．I had the flu. The doctor suggested taking some m________. 2．If you have a f________, you should drink more water and have a good rest. 3．We played games, sang songs, and l________, we took a group photo. 4．The student kept c________ the old man’s breath and waited for the doctors. 5．People around were in s________ and wondered what they should do to help. 6．Luckily, no car h________ the old man. He just felt weak and couldn’t stand up. 7．The nurse took out a clean b________ and covered the girl’s cut gently. 8．A good d________ stopped his car when he saw an old man fall down on the street. 9．It’s d________ to swim in the river alone, even if you are good at swimming. 10．The heavy rain may c________ a flood in the village near the river. 11．The instructions were c________ and easy to follow. 12．She has a high f________ and needs to see a doctor. 13．When we heard about the earthquake in Gansu Province, we were in s________ and did not know what to say. 14．Be careful! The candle has a small f________that can burn paper. 15．He wanted to win the race, but u________, he hurt his leg halfway. 16．A clean school e__________ keeps everyone healthy, so please put the rubbish into the bins! 17．Mrs Liu cut her hand carelessly and b________ a lot. 18．My t________ feels sore after singing too much at the party. 19．My tooth hurts badly, so Mum will take me to the d________ tomorrow. 20．The doctor has to t________ you to see if you have the flu. 21．The river was too wide to c________ without a boat. 22．She used a sharp k________ to cut out the vegetables. 23．He hurt his leg b________ and couldn’t walk. 24．Long periods of home-working even caused b________. 25．—What should we do with these old books? —Don’t t________ them away. We can give them to the children in need. 2、 用所给词正确形式填空 26．________ (fortunate), I will miss my daughter’s birthday party because of the meeting. 27．________ (exercise) regularly can help you keep fit. 28．The doctor advised him ________ (lie) down and have a good rest. 29．Taking too much medicine is ________ (harm) to your health. 30．My little brother _________ (hit) his head on the wall while running in the room. 31．He agreed ________ (lie) to his parents anymore because he realized that honesty is important in building trust. 32．The doctor asked the patient to introduce ________ (he) first. 33．We should take good care of ________ (we) to stay healthy. 34．The little girl cleaned the cut on her arm by ________ (she). 35．Be careful with the knife! Don’t cut ________ (you). 36．We must stop ______ (waste) food in our daily life. 37．You should avoid ______ (eat) too much sweet food. It’s bad for teeth. 38．Parents should remember to keep ________ (knife) out of children’s reach. 39．It is ________ (harm) to your eyes if you use phones for a long time. 40．He was ________ (shock) when he heard the bad news. 41．He fell off his bike and his hand ________ (bleed) just now. 42．You will need ________ (keep) warm if you have a cold. 43．It’s the second time that she has a ________ (run) nose this month. 44．He was so busy that he didn’t notice the rain ________ (pass) by. 45．This book has a clear ________ (describe) of how to keep healthy. 拓展提高AOHANG 三、完形填空 People sometimes don’t feel well but they aren’t quite sure what’s wrong with them. So they 46 their health. Doctors say that exercise every day is 47 for people to stay healthy. Actually everyone knows about that, 48 some people just don’t have the time to fit it into their daily lives. Many people 49 long hours going to work. They have to take their children to school and to extra activities. They also have to prepare meals 50 their family. Their day is too full to find time to exercise. The fact is that most of us are busy, but we have to 51 exercise a part of our daily lives. You can find ways to 52 twenty to thirty minutes of exercise at least three or four times a week. When you go out, you can give up taking the bus or driving. Maybe you can ride your bike 53 . Try waking up a little 54 in the morning. Try exercising during part of your lunch break 55 before you go to bed at night. Taking care of your body is important. If you don’t take care of your body now, it won’t take care of you in the future. 46．A．talk about B．dream about C．worry about D．hear about 47．A．important B．interesting C．boring D．exciting 48．A．and B．so C．but D．if 49．A．take B．cost C．spend D．pay 50．A．to B．of C．on D．for 51．A．enjoy B．make C．use D．depend 52．A．plan B．play C．do D．like 53．A．to work B．working C．works D．worked 54．A．late B．later C．early D．earlier 55．A．or B．because C．though D．as 四、阅读理解 Every day, we are told to drink enough water. It helps our skin look nice and helps us stay at a healthy weight. But how much water should we actually drink? Some people say we should drink eight glasses of water eight times a day. That’s called the “8×8rule”. But here is the thing: everyone is different. Our weight, age, and how active we are can influence how much water we need. So do we really need to worry about controlling how much water we drink? Not really. Our bodies are smart and can tell us when we’re thirsty and need water. We have special systems that help us stay healthy. One is called “the thirst system”. It tells us to drink water when our bodies’ water level is a little low. Another system is our kidneys (肾脏). They help our bodies keep the water and make it work well before we feel thirsty. Of course, drinking water has lots of benefits (益处). It helps our bodies stay at the right temperature. It also helps our bodies take away bad things and helps us digest (消化) food. It can even make our bones stronger. So, next time you feel thirsty, reach for a glass of water. If you’re not thirsty, don’t worry too much. Your body knows what it’s doing. Just listen to it. 56．What can water help people to do greatly? A．To grow taller and stronger. B．To keep a healthy weight. C．To become much cleverer. D．To get much more beautiful. 57．What does the “8×8 rule” mean in Paragraph 2? A．We should sleep eight point eight hours a day. B．We should drink eight kinds of water eight times. C．We should drink eight glasses of water eight times a day. D．We should drink eight times a day, eight glasses each time. 58．The ________ of our bodies can help to keep water and make it work well. A．hands B．mouth C．heart D．kidneys 59．What is one of the benefits of drinking water mentioned in the passage? A．It makes people run faster. B．It helps the body take away bad things. C．It improves memory quickly. D．It makes hair grow longer. 60．What is the best title for this passage? A．The Time to Drink Water in a Day B．Please Drink Water in a Right Way C．The Benefits of Drinking Water D．Water Helps People Digest Well 五、补全短文 What’s the most important thing in your life? I think health comes first. 61 Here, I have some suggestions for you. At the very beginning, I want you to move your body. Of course, it is comfortable to sit on the sofa and watch TV. 62 It may make you have a backache or become fat. To keep healthy, you’d better walk 5,000 to 10,000 steps a day. You also need enough sleep when you feel tired. Getting enough sleep can help you feel good during the day. If you want to live a healthy life, you should have enough sleep. As we know, it’s important for us to eat some fresh food like fruit and vegetables. Too much meat may make you become fat too. 63 And you must say no to smoking. It’s harmful to your health. It can cause lots of illnesses, even cancer. 64 So you should smile at your life and make yourself happy. Everyone has difficulties and problems in life. Don’t keep them in your mind. Try to find something that makes you happy every day. 65 Start with small changes today, and you’ll see the differences in your health soon. A．Scientists believe happiness is important for our health. B．However, it’s unhealthy to sit for a long time. C．You also need to have enough meat every day. D．You shouldn’t eat it too much. E．But do you know how to live a healthy life? F．I hope my advice can make you become healthier and happier. 六、阅读填表 Arthritis (关节炎) is a disease that affects different joints (关节), most commonly the knee, and also your hips, your ankles and your hands. It involves degeneration (退化) of cartilage (软骨), and also of the bone, the joint itself and production of fluid (润滑液). It’s a very common condition in middle to older age adults. Signs of the condition include stiff (僵硬) knees, swollen (肿) knees, and a cracking noise when you move the joint. Arthritis pain is a common struggle as you get old and while managing the pain may feel like an uphill battle, experts say there’s an exercise you can try to help your knee health. According to a recent study, bike riding is super good for knee health. The study was made up of 2,607 people with an average age of 64. They reported their bicycling frequency throughout their lifetime. Researchers checked for arthritis by taking x-rays of their knees. People who rode a bike, whether outdoors or indoors, reported less of frequent knee pain and were less likely to have knee arthritis. Then why is riding a bike great for your knees? “Bike riding has very low impact (冲击). The force that goes to your knee while you’re bike riding is a fraction (小部分) of what happens when you walk or run,” explained Daniel White, a professor in the department of physical therapy at the University of Delaware. However, even though it’s low impact, you still get the benefits of strengthening your muscles, exercising your cardiovascular (心血管) system, as well as other health benefits. “If you can do activities to strengthen the area while you are also decreasing the impact on the cartilage, then you should have less arthritis pain,” said Dr. Michael Yang, a sports medicine physician at Jefferson Health in Philadelphia. “Bicycling helps to strengthen the muscles around the knee, which also improves your knee joint health as a whole,” said Dr. Jessica Tomazic, a sports medicine doctor at the Cleveland Clinic. A (n) exercise to reduce knee pain The problem of arthritis Harm to the body:Degeneration of cartilage, the bone, the joint, production of fluid, etc. Symptoms (症状): Stiff, swollen joints, mainly the knee; A cracking 66 when moving. People likely affected: 67 of or above middle age. A recent study Subject (研究对象): 2,607 people aged 64 on average. Data source: Reports from participants (参与者) on 68 they ride a bike; X-ray check-up of their knees. Conclusion: It’s less likely for bike riders to have knee pain or knee arthritis. Benefits of bike riding Having impact 69 than walking or running; Making muscles around the knee stronger; 70 knee joint health as a whole; Exercising cardiovascular system and other health benefits. 七、短文填空 Water is important in our life, but sometimes water can be dangerous. So we must pay attention to water 71 (safe), especially for kids. Accidents for kids often happen at home and in the pool. Here 72 (be) some suggestions. ▲Be careful of hot water. Hot water can be 73 (danger), especially for kids under five. Young kids have 74 (thin) skin than adults, so it’s easier for them to be burned. You can reduce the risk by testing the temperature of the water with your wrist (腕) or elbow (肘) before placing your kid in the bath. ▲Watch out for danger in the bathroom. The bathroom is full of danger for young kids. Parents can’t leave 75 (they) alone in the bathroom. When young kids are in the bathroom, remember to put away all the electrical appliances (设备) 76 (avoid) the risk. ▲Never let kids swim alone. Swimming in the pool may make kids feel great. But it is not 77 perfect sport because of the risk of injury. It’s dangerous when kids stay in the pool alone 78 they may even drown (溺亡). So kids should swim 79 their parents. Everyone should realize the 80 (important) of water safety. To keep kids safe, we need to follow the suggestions above. 八、书面表达 众所周知，健康的身体是中学生有效学习的保证。但是网络抢走了我们的锻炼时间，垃圾食品危害着我们的健康……请根据下面的思维导图，以“How to Keep Healthy”为题写一篇英语短文。 写作要求： （1）层次清晰，语言流畅； （2）词数在90~100之间，标题已给出，不计入总词数； （3）书写规范，卷面整洁； （4）文中不能出现考生姓名和学校名称。 How to Keep Healthy 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参考答案 1．medicine/edicine 【详解】句意：我得了流感，医生建议吃点药。根据首字母提示及“I had the flu.”可知，此处指的是吃药。medicine为名词，表示“药”，是不可数名词。故填medicine。 2．fever/ever 【详解】如果你发烧了，就应该多喝水、好好休息。根据“you should drink more water and have a good rest”及首字母f可知，此处是指如果你发烧了，have a fever为固定短语，意为“发烧”。 3．lastly/astly 【详解】句意：我们玩游戏，唱歌，最后，我们拍了一张合影。根据“We played games, sang songs”和“we took a group photo”可知，此处是lastly，意为“最后”，用来引出最后一项活动。 4．checking/hecking 【详解】句意：这名学生一直检查老人的呼吸，等待医生到来。根据语境及首字母“c”，可推测此处为check，意为“检查”。keep doing sth.是固定用法，表示“一直做某事”，所以check要用动名词形式checking。 5．silence/ilence 【详解】句意：周围的人们陷入了沉默，不知道该做些什么来帮忙。句中in后接名词构成固定短语，结合语境和首字母“s”，对应的固定搭配是in silence，意为“沉默地、无声地”，表示人们当时不知所措、一言不发的状态。 6．hit/it 【详解】句意：幸运的是，没有车撞到那位老人。他只是觉得虚弱，站不起来。根据“no car...the old man”和首字母可知，此处表示“撞击、碰撞”，hit“碰撞、撞到”符合语境；描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，hit的过去式仍为hit。 7．bandage/andage 【详解】句意：护士拿出一块干净的绷带，轻轻包扎了女孩的伤口。根据首字母提示“b”以及“covered the girl’s cut gently”，此处表示“绷带”。名词bandage“绷带”符合语境，且空前有冠词“a”修饰，应用单数形式，故填bandage。 8．driver/river 【详解】句意：一位好心的司机看到一位老人摔倒在街上时停下车。根据首字母提示“d”以及“stopped his car when he saw an old man fall down on the street”，此处表示“司机”。名词driver“司机”符合语境，且空前有冠词“A”修饰，应用单数形式，故填driver。 9．dangerous/angerous 【详解】句意：独自在河里游泳是危险的，即使你擅长游泳。固定句型 It’s+形容词+to do sth.，表示“做某事是……的”，句中需要填形容词作表语；根据“独自在河里游泳”的语境，以及首字母d的提示，dangerous符合语义和语法要求，故填dangerous。 10．cause/ause 【详解】句意：这场大雨可能会在河边的村庄里引发洪水。根据“The heavy rain”和“a flood”并结合首字母可知，动词cause“引起”符合语境，情态动词may后跟动词原形。 11．clear/lear 【详解】句意：这些说明很清晰，容易理解。句中“were”为系动词，后接形容词作表语，结合句意及首字母提示，此处表示“清晰的”，应用单词clear。 12．fever/ever 【详解】句意：她发高烧了，需要去看医生。根据首字母提示和“needs to see a doctor”可知，此处表示“发烧”，固定搭配have a high fever意为“发高烧”，符合语境。 13．shock/hock 【详解】句意：听到甘肃地震的消息时，我们十分震惊，不知道该说些什么。“in shock”意为“震惊地、处于震惊状态”，首字母s对应shock。 14．flame/lame 【详解】句意：小心！蜡烛有一个小火焰，能烧着纸。根据“that can burn paper”和首字母可知，此处表示蜡烛燃烧产生的火苗，flame“火焰”符合语境，a后接单数名词。 15．unluckily/nluckily 【详解】句意：他想赢得比赛，但不幸的是，他在半路上伤了腿。根据首字母提示和“he hurt his leg halfway”可知，此处表示他在半路上伤了腿，这是不幸的事。副词unluckily“不幸地”符合语境，修饰整个句子。故填unluckily。 16．environment/nvironment 【详解】句意：一个干净的学校环境能让每个人都保持健康，所以请把垃圾放进垃圾桶里！“keeps everyone healthy”提示与健康环境相关，结合首字母，此处应填environment表示“环境”。 17．bled/led 【详解】句意：刘太太不小心割伤了手，流了很多血。根据“cut her hand carelessly”及首字母b提示，此处需表达“流血”的含义。“流血”的英文是bleed。句中cut为过去式，and连接并列谓语，时态保持一致，bleed的过去式为bled。故填bled。 18．throat/hroat 【详解】句意：我在聚会上唱歌太多后喉咙感到疼痛。句中“feels sore”表示“感到疼痛”，结合“after singing too much at the party”及首字母为t可知，应是说唱歌太多后喉咙疼痛，throat“喉咙”，符合语境。 19．dentist/entist 【详解】句意：我的牙疼得厉害，所以妈妈明天会带我去看牙医。根据首字母及“My tooth hurts”提示，“牙医”为名词dentist，take sb. to the dentist“带某人去看牙医”。 20．test/est 【详解】句意：医生得给你检查一下，看你是否得了流感。根据首字母提示和“to see if you have the flu”可知，此处表示医生在确定你是否得流感之前，得先给你检查。test“考查、检查”，动词。空缺前有情态动词短语has to，后接动词原形。故填test。 21．cross/ross 【详解】句意：这条河太宽了，没有船无法穿过。句中“too...to...”意为“太……而不能……”，to后接动词原形，结合句意及首字母提示，此处表示“穿过、越过”，应用单词cross。 22．knife/nife 【详解】句意：她用一把锋利的刀来切出蔬菜。句中“sharp”为形容词，后接名词。根据“cut out the vegetables”可知，用刀切菜，应用单词knife。 23．badly/adly 【详解】句意：他的腿伤得很重，不能走路了。原句中“hurt”是动词，表示“受伤”，需要用副词来修饰，根据“couldn’t walk”可知，腿伤得很重，副词“badly”表示“严重地、厉害地”。 24．backache/ackache 【详解】句意：长时间的居家办公甚至导致了背痛。根据首字母及“caused”提示，“背痛”为名词backache，此处为不可数名词或可数名词单数形式，作宾语。 25．throw/hrow 【详解】句意：——我们应该如何处理这些旧书？——不要把它们扔掉。我们可以把它们给有需要的孩子。分析句子结构可知，空格位于助动词Don’t之后，在句中作谓语成分。根据空后的“away”以及“We can give them to the children in need.”可知，此处建议不要将旧书扔掉，throw意为“扔”。助动词Don’t后需接动词原形。 26．Unfortunately 【详解】句意：遗憾的是，因为这场会议，我将会错过女儿的生日派对。句中此处位于句首修饰整个句子，需用副词作状语。fortunate是形容词，意为“幸运的”，结合句意应使用其反义词，在词尾加-ly变为副词形式Unfortunately，故填Unfortunately。 27．Exercising 【详解】句意：规律锻炼能帮你保持健康。句子缺少主语，谓语部分为can help，此处使用动名词作主语，exercise“锻炼”，动名词为exercising，句首字母大写。故填Exercising。 28．to lie 【详解】句意：医生建议他躺下好好休息。此处为固定搭配advise sb. to do sth.，意为“建议某人做某事”，所以此处用动词的不定式结构to lie。 29．harmful 【详解】句意：服用过多药物对你的健康有害。固定搭配be harmful to表示“对……有害”，harm的形容词形式是harmful。 30．hit 【详解】句意：我的小弟弟在房间里跑步时，头撞到了墙上。根据“while running”提示，主句动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。hit的过去式与原形同形，仍为hit。 31．not to lie 【详解】句意：他同意不再对父母撒谎，因为他意识到诚实对于建立信任很重要。根据“agreed”提示，agree to do sth.“同意做某事”，根据“because he realized that honesty is important in building trust.”可知，空处指“不撒谎”，其否定形式为agree not to do sth.“同意不做某事”。lie的不定式形式是to lie，其否定形式为not to lie。 32．himself 【详解】句意：医生要求病人先介绍一下他自己。“ask sb. to do sth.”结构中“sb.”如果和句子主语不是同一人，用宾格形式，如果是同一人则用反身代词。此句中“the doctor”要求“the patient”介绍“病人自己”，所以要用“he”对应的反身代词“himself” 。 33．ourselves 【详解】句意：我们应该照顾好自己，保持健康。主语和宾语指代同一个对象，需用反身代词。本句主语是we，对应的反身代词是ourselves。 34．herself 【详解】句意：这个小女孩自己清理了手臂上的伤口。句中“by oneself”为固定搭配，意为“独自、自己”，此处指代主语“The little girl”，需使用反身代词herself。 35．yourself 【详解】句意：小心那把刀！别割到你自己。句子为祈使句，隐含主语是“you”，动词“cut”意为“割伤”，是及物动词，后面需要接宾语；当动作的承受者是主语自己时，应使用反身代词。主语“you”对应的反身代词是“yourself”，表示“你自己”。故填yourself。 36．wasting 【详解】句意：我们必须在日常生活中停止浪费食物。“stop doing sth.”意为“停止做某事”，需接动名词作宾语。“waste”的动名词形式为“wasting”。 37．eating 【详解】句意：你应该避免吃太多甜食。这对牙齿不好。avoid doing sth.避免做某事，此处需要用“eat”的动名词形式eating。 38．knives 【详解】句意：父母应该记得把刀放在孩子们够不到的地方。分析句子结构可知，此处填入可数名词作keep的宾语。由于空格前没有冠词，此处表示泛指这一类物品，需用名词的复数形式。knife的复数形式需将fe变为v再加es。 39．harmful 【详解】句意：长时间使用手机对你的眼睛有害。根据括号内的提示词harm，此处需要填入形容词作表语，固定搭配be harmful to表示“对……有害”，因此填harmful。 40．shocked 【详解】句意：当他听到这个坏消息时，他很震惊。括号内的单词shock是动词，此处修饰人(he)，需用形容词形式shocked(感到震惊的)，符合句子逻辑。 41．bled 【详解】句意：他刚才从自行车上摔了下来，手流血了。句中“just now”为过去的时间状语，提示动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。bleed的过去式为不规则变化bled，故填bled。 42．to keep 【详解】句意：如果你感冒了，你需要保暖。根据“will need”提示，need to do sth.“需要做某事”，后接动词不定式作宾语。keep的不定式形式是to keep。 43．runny 【详解】句意：这是她这个月第二次流鼻涕了。括号内的单词run是动词，此处需要形容词修饰名词nose，固定短语runny nose表示“流鼻涕”，因此用runny。 44．passing 【详解】句意：他太忙了，没有注意到雨正在下。括号内的单词pass是动词，此处用在notice doing sth.结构中，表示“注意到某物正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行，因此用passing。 45．description 【详解】句意：这本书对如何保持健康有清晰的描述。空格前有不定冠词“a”和形容词“clear”，说明这里需要填一个名词，作“has”的宾语。“describe”是动词，其名词形式是“description”，意为“描述”。故填description。 46．C 47．A 48．C 49．C 50．D 51．B 52．C 53．A 54．D 55．A 【导语】本文讲述现代人因忙碌忽视锻炼的现象，强调运动对健康的重要性，并给出碎片化健身的可行办法，呼吁大家把锻炼融入日常生活、爱惜身体。 【详解】46．句意：所以他们担心自己的健康。 根据“People sometimes don’t feel well but they aren’t quite sure what’s wrong with them”可知，身体不舒服又不知原因，自然会担心健康。worry about意为“担心、担忧”，符合句意。其他选项不符合语境。 47．句意：医生说每天锻炼对保持健康很重要。 根据“to stay healthy”可知，锻炼对于健康而言是重要的，固定搭配be important for…（对……很重要）。interesting有趣的，boring无聊的，exciting令人激动的，均不符合句意。 48．句意：实际上每个人都知道这一点，但有些人就是没时间把它融入日常生活。 前后句意存在转折关系，都知道重要却没时间，应用转折连词。but但是，表示转折。 49．句意：许多人花费长时间去工作。 spend+时间段+doing sth.为固定搭配，表示花费时间做某事；take常用it作形式主语，cost主语为物品，pay搭配介词for，故选spend。 50．句意：他们还要为家人准备饭菜。 prepare sth. for sb.是固定搭配，意为“为某人准备某物”，符合语境。 51．句意：事实是我们大多数人都很忙，但我们必须让锻炼成为日常生活的一部分。 make sth.+名词，意为“使某物成为……”；enjoy享受、use使用、depend依靠无此句式用法。 52．句意：你可以想办法每周至少做三到四次20到30分钟的锻炼。 do exercise是固定短语，表示“做运动”；plan计划、play玩耍、like喜欢均不与exercise构成该搭配。 53．句意：也许你可以骑自行车上班。 动词不定式to work放在动词后表出行目的，ride bike to work骑车上班。 54．句意：试着早上早起一点。 a little修饰形容词比较级，结合早起运动的语境，early的比较级earlier（更早）。late晚的，later更晚，均不符合。 55．句意：试着用部分午休时间锻炼，或者在晚上睡觉前锻炼。 本句列举两个可选的锻炼时间：午休锻炼或者睡前锻炼，or表选择关系，符合句意。because表原因，though虽然，as由于，均不符合。 56．B 57．C 58．D 59．B 60．B 【导语】本文围绕科学喝水展开，破除“8×8 喝水准则”误区，介绍人体自身控水机制与喝水益处，建议跟随身体口渴信号饮水。 【详解】56．根据原文第一段“It helps our skin look nice and helps us stay at a healthy weight.”可知，水可以帮助人们保持健康体重。 57．根据原文第二段“Some people say we should drink eight glasses of water eight times a day. That’s called the “8×8 rule”.可知，“8×8准则”指一天分八次、每次喝八杯水。 58．根据原文第三段“Another system is our kidneys (肾脏). They help our bodies keep the water and make it work well.”可知，肾脏储存水分并保障水分正常运转。 59．根据原文第四段“It also helps our bodies take away bad things and helps us digest (消化) food.”，喝水的好处之一是帮助身体排出有害物质。 60．全文讲解不用死板遵守喝水定额，遵从身体信号科学喝水、喝水的好处，因此“Please Drink Water in a Right Way”最贴合主旨。 61．E 62．B 63．D 64．A 65．F 【导语】本文主要围绕健康展开，从运动、饮食和戒烟、保持好心情三个方面给出了拥有健康生活的相关建议。 【详解】61．根据上文“I think health comes first.”及下文“Here, I have some suggestions for you.”可知，空处需要一个过渡句，连接“健康重要”和“给出建议”，E项“But do you know how to live a healthy life?”承上启下，自然引出下文的具体建议。 62．根据上文“it is comfortable to sit on the sofa and watch TV”及下文“It may make you have a backache or become fat.”可知，此处前后为转折关系，上文说坐在沙发上看电视的舒适，下文讲其危害，B项“However, it’s unhealthy to sit for a long time.”，however 表转折，衔接通顺。 63．根据上文“Too much meat may make you become fat too.”可知，空处应承接上文，给出建议。D项“You shouldn’t eat it too much.”中的it指代前文的meat，自然衔接。 64．根据下文“So you should smile at your life and make yourself happy.”可知，空处应说明快乐对健康的重要性，引出下文的建议，A项“Scientists believe happiness is important for our health.”，点明快乐的重要性，为后文的“微笑面对生活”提供依据。 65．根据上文已给出的保持健康的建议，以及下文“Start with small changes today, and you’ll see the differences in your health soon.”可知，空处应是对上述建议的总结，F项“I hope my advice can make you become healthier and happier.”是全文总结和祝愿，适合放在结尾段前。 66．noise 67．Adults 68．how often 69．lower 70．Improving 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了关节炎对膝关节的危害、高发人群，并通过一项研究指出骑自行车是保护膝关节的低冲击性运动，还阐述了骑自行车对关节和身体健康的多种益处。 66．根据原文第一段最后一句“Signs of the condition include stiff knees, swollen knees, and a cracking noise when you move the joint.”可知，关节炎的症状包括活动关节时的cracking noise。故填noise。 67．根据原文第二段第一句“It’s a very common condition in middle to older age adults.” 可知，关节炎高发于中老年人。故填Adults。 68．根据原文第四段“They reported their bicycling frequency throughout their lifetime.”可知，研究数据来源于参与者报告他们多久骑一次自行车。故填how often。 69．根据原文第六段“Bike riding has very low impact. The force that goes to your knee while you’re bike riding is a fraction of what happens when you walk or run...”可知，骑自行车对膝关节的冲击力比走路或跑步小得多。故填lower。 70．根据原文最后一段“Bicycling helps to strengthen the muscles around the knee, which also improves your knee joint health as a whole.”可知，骑自行车能让膝盖周围的肌肉更强壮，从而整体改善膝关节健康。故填Improving。 71．safety 72．are 73．dangerous 74．thinner 75．them 76．to avoid 77．a 78．because 79．with 80．importance 【导语】本文介绍了水在日常生活中的重要性及其潜在危险，并针对儿童提出了浴室防烫伤、防电器触电以及游泳安全等具体建议，强调了水安全意识的重要性。 71．句意：所以我们必须注意水的安全，尤其是对儿童。名词“water”后需接名词作宾语。“safe”的名词形式为“safety”，意为“安全”。 72．句意：这里有一些建议。该句为倒装句，主语“some suggestions”为复数，且描述客观事实，需用一般现在时，谓语动词需用复数形式“are”。 73．句意：热水可能很危险，尤其是对五岁以下的儿童。系动词“can be”后需接形容词作表语。“danger”的形容词形式为“dangerous”，意为“危险的”。 74．句意：幼儿的皮肤比成年人薄，因此他们更容易被烫伤。句中的“than”表明此处需用形容词比较级。“thin”的比较级为“thinner”。 75．句意：父母不能把他们单独留在浴室里。动词“leave”后需接人称代词宾格作宾语。“they”的宾格为“them”。 76．句意：当幼儿在浴室时，记得收好所有电器设备以避免风险。此处用动词不定式“to avoid”作目的状语，表示“为了避免”。 77．句意：但它并不是一项完美的运动，因为存在受伤的风险。此处表示泛指“一项完美的运动”，且perfect以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词“a”。 78．句意：当孩子们单独待在泳池里时是很危险的，他们甚至可能溺亡。前后句为因果关系，后句进一步说明危险的结果，需用连词“because”，表示“因为”。 79．句意：所以孩子们应该和父母一起游泳。本句提出的建议是“不要独自游泳”，而是要跟父母在一起，介词“with”表示“和……一起”，符合句意。 80．句意：每个人都应该意识到水安全的重要性。定冠词“the”和介词“of”之间需用名词作宾语。“important”的名词形式为“importance”，意为“重要性”。 81．One possible version: How to Keep Healthy It’s important for us to keep healthy. As middle school students, we should have a healthy lifestyle. Here is some advice. First, we should do exercise at least one hour a day,such as running and walking. Second, have a healthy diet. Eat more fruit and vegetables. Try not to eat junk food. Third, we shouldn’t spend too much time going online. It is bad for our eyes. Fourth, go to bed early and don’t stay up too late, because enough sleep is good for our health. Finally, be happy as often as we can. Learn to smile at ourselves at any time. If we do so, I believe we can keep healthy. All in all, we should do what we can to learn to keep healthy and protect ourselves. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意根据思维导图给出的要点阐述如何保持健康，可适当增加细节。 [写作步骤] 第一步：表明保持健康很重要，引出下文； 第二步：从锻炼、饮食、生活习惯及情绪等方面具体阐述如何保持健康； 第三步：书写结语，总结全文。 [亮点词汇] ①keep healthy保持健康 ②have a healthy diet拥有健康的饮食 ③at least至少 ④spend ... doing sth花费……做某事 ⑤as ... as we can尽可能地 [高分句型] ①It’s important for us to keep healthy.(动词不定式作主语) ②If we do so, I believe we can keep healthy.(if 引导条件状语从句） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $