Unit 2 Great ideas 单元话题语法填空10篇-2026-2027学年九年级英语上册单元练习（沪教版）

**基本信息** 初中英语Unit 2“历史人物”主题语法填空单元卷，含10篇分层语篇（基础7篇+重难3篇），以岳飞、李时珍等中外历史人物故事为载体，融合语言能力训练与文化意识培养，适配单元复习巩固。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法填空|10篇（每篇10空）|冠词（如a hero）、动词时态语态（如was sent）、代词（如his wisdom）、形容词比较级（如more water）等语法点，及历史人物文化背景|情境创设聚焦文化传承（如“精忠报国”“本草纲目”故事）；问题设计分层，基础篇巩固单一句法，重难篇提升语篇综合运用（如郑板桥竹画寓意分析）；学科特色体现语言能力（语法填空）与思维品质（通过故事逻辑推断语法填空）的结合，符合核心素养要求。|

Unit 2 Great ideas 单元话题语法填空练习 单元话题：历史人物 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 聚焦基础，巩固自我 重难语篇提升练 专注提升，挑战自我 ◇考点 01 基础语篇巩固练 Most of us must be familiar with Yue Fei. He is 1 hero in Chinese history. He was one of 2 (famous) soldiers who lived during the Song Dynasty. In 1125, the Jin army from the North attacked the Song kingdom. Song kingdom was 3 danger. Yue made up his mind to fight the Jin army 4 (protect) his country. Before he set out for his 5 (one) fight, his mother asked him, “At this moment, our country is facing a great 6 (difficult). What do you plan to do?” “Serve the country with utmost loyalty (精忠报国),” Yue said firmly. 7 (he) answer met his mother’s expectation. “I will tattoo (刺) these words onto your back, so you won’t forget them 8 (easy).” His mother continued, “But the tattoos are quite painful. Are you afraid, my child?” Yue said, “Mother, a little needle (针) is nothing. How can I face going to war on the front line 9 I am afraid of needles?” Keeping these words in mind, Yue beat the Jin army successfully many times. Sadly, Yue 10 (send) to prison by Qin Hui and got killed, but his spirit was passed on. 【答案】 1．a 2．the most famous 3．in 4．to protect 5．first 6．difficulty 7．His 8．easily 9．if 10．was sent 【导语】本文讲述了宋代名将岳飞，国难当头时他立志精忠报国，母亲为他刺字明志，他多次大败金军，却遭秦桧陷害入狱遇害，其忠义精神永世流传。 1．句意：他是中国历史上的一位英雄。“hero”是可数名词单数，此处表示 “一位英雄”，且 “hero” 以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词 “a”。 2．句意：他是宋朝最著名的将领之一。“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”是固定结构，“famous”的最高级是 “the most famous”，故填 “the most famous”。 3．句意：1125 年，北方金军攻打宋朝，宋朝陷入危难之中。 “in danger”是固定短语，句意为 “宋朝处于危险中”，故填 “in”。 4．句意：岳飞下定决心抗击金军，保卫自己的国家。此处 “fight the Jin army”的目的是 “protect his country”，动词不定式 “to do” 表目的，故填 “to protect”。 5．句意：在他出发去参加第一场战斗之前，母亲问他：“如今国家遭遇巨大危难，你打算怎么做？”前文his后可接序数词修饰名词，one对应的序数词是first，故填 “first”。 6．句意：此刻，我们的国家正面临巨大的危难。“a great”后接可数名词单数，“difficult”的名词形式是 “difficulty”，故填 “difficulty”。 7．句意：他的回答正中母亲心意。“answer”是名词，需用形容词性物主代词修饰，“he”的形容词性物主代词是 “His”，句首首字母大写，故填 “His”。 8．句意：母亲说：“我要把这四个字刺在你的背上，这样你就不会轻易忘记”。此处修饰动词 “forget”，需用副词，“easy”的副词形式是 “easily”，句意为 “这样你就不会轻易忘记它们”，故填 “easily”。 9．句意：如果我连针都害怕，又怎能奔赴前线作战？根据 “How can I face going to war on the front line”和 “I am afraid of needles”），此处是假设关系，“如果我害怕针，怎么能去前线”，故填 “if”。 10．句意：可悲的是，岳飞被秦桧打入大牢并惨遭杀害，但他的忠义精神代代相传。主语 “Yue”与谓语 “send”是被动关系（岳飞被秦桧送进监狱），且时态为一般过去时（宋朝时期），被动语态结构为 “was/were + 过去分词”，“Yue” 是第三人称单数，“send” 的过去分词是 “sent”，故填 “was sent”。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写 在答题卡规定的位置上。 This is a story about two wise men in ancient China—Zhuge Liang and Zhou Yu. One day, Zhou Yu gave Zhuge Liang 1 impossible task—to make 100,000 arrows within ten days. “No problem,” Zhuge Liang said 2 （confident）. He promised 3 （bring）Zhou Yu 100,000 arrows within 3 days. Zhuge Liang asked his soldiers to fill 20 large boats 4 many straw men. In the early morning of the 5 （three）day, Zhuge Liang’s soldiers sailed the boats towards the camps of Cao Cao’s army on the other side of the river. The soldiers shouted and beat their 6 （drum）loudly. 7 Cao Cao’s soldiers heard the sounds, they thought they were under attack. However, the fog is so thick on the river 8 they could not see through. Cao Cao ordered his soldiers to shoot towards the sounds. Zhuge Liang’s boats were soon full of arrows. Zhuge Liang’s soldiers then turned the boats around and shouted, “Thank you for your arrows, Cao Cao.” Zhuge Liang took all these arrows back. Zhou Yu was amazed by 9 （he）wisdom. Since then, Chinese people 10 （tell）the story to their children for many many years. 【答案】 1．an 2．confidently 3．to bring 4．with 5．third 6．drums 7．When 8．that 9．his 10．have told 【导语】本文主要讲的是“草船借箭”的故事。 1．句意：一天，周瑜给了诸葛亮一个不可能完成的任务——在十天内制造十万支箭。根据“impossible task（不可能完成的任务）”可知，是指一个不可能的任务。impossible发音以元音音素开头，用an。故填an。 2．句意：“没问题，”诸葛亮自信地说。此处是副词修饰动词said。故填confidently。 3．句意：他答应在三天内给周瑜带来10万支箭。此处是固定词组，promise to do sth“承诺做某事”。故填to bring。 4．句意：诸葛亮让他的士兵们在20只大船上装满稻草人。此处是固定词组，fill...with...“用……装满……”。故填with。 5．句意：第三天的清晨，诸葛亮的士兵将船驶向河对岸的曹操军营。根据“In the early morning of the...（three）day”可知此处是指第三天，用序数词。故填third。 6．句意：士兵们大喊大叫，大声敲鼓。根据“their”可知是很多鼓，用复数形式。故填drums。 7．句意：曹操的士兵听到声音，以为自己遭到了攻击。根据“Cao Cao’s soldiers heard the sounds, they thought they were under attack.”可知，此处是when引导时间状语从句，在句首首字母大写。故填When。 8．句意：然而，河上的雾太浓了，他们看不透。根据“the fog is so thick on the river...they could not see through.”可知，此处是so...that...“如此……以至于……”。故填that。 9．句意：周瑜对他的智慧感到惊讶。根据“wisdom”可知此处用he的形容词性物主代词修饰名词wisdom。故填his。 10．句意：从那时起，中国人就把这个故事讲给他们的孩子听了很多年。根据“Since then（从那时起）”可知时态是现在完成时，主语是people，后跟have+过去分词。故填have told。 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Li Shizhen was a famous medical scientist in the Ming Dynasty. He is known 1 “the sage of medicine” in Chinese history. One of his 2 (great) achievements is the famous book called Bencao Gangmu. The book 3 (influence) medicine greatly across the world so far. Born in a family of doctors, Li Shizhen was 4 (deep) interested in herbs (草药) and began to read medical books from 5 young age. He discovered many mistakes in those books. 6 he worried that these mistakes would cause serious illnesses or even death. Li Shizhen decided to write a new book. He spent many years 7 (travel) everywhere to look for herbs and repeating his tests. He even tested herbs on 8 (he) and his relatives. Li Shizhen collected and recorded over 1,890 herbs. He also looked up facts in 900 medical books to learn more about herbs. He worked day and night to make sure all the information was correct. After 27 years and three revisions (修改), the book 9 (complete) finally. It then got tons of attention both in China and in many other countries around the world. Bencao Gangmu is not only a milestone (里程碑) in the history of traditional Chinese medicine, but also a 10 (value) treasure of world medicine. What we should learn more from Li Shizhen is his attitude (态度) to knowledge and his spirit. 【答案】 1．as 2．greatest 3．has influenced 4．deeply 5．a 6．So 7．travelling/traveling 8．himself 9．was completed 10．valuable 【导语】本文主要介绍了李时珍的生平事迹、成就以及《本草纲目》的重要意义。 1．句意：他在中国历史上被称为“药圣”。be known as“被称为”，固定搭配。故填as。 2．句意：他最伟大的成就之一是著名的《本草纲目》。one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“最……之一”，great的最高级是greatest。故填greatest。 3．句意：到目前为止，这本书对世界医学产生了巨大的影响。根据“so far”可知句子用现在完成时，其结构为have/has+done，主语The book是单数，助动词用has，influence的过去分词是influenced。故填has influenced。 4．句意：李时珍出生在一个医生世家，他对草药有着浓厚的兴趣，从小就开始阅读医学书籍。修饰形容词interested用副词deeply“深深地”。故填deeply。 5．句意：李时珍出生在一个医生世家，他对草药有着浓厚的兴趣，从小就开始阅读医学书籍。from a young age“从小”。故填a。 6．句意：于是他担心这些错误会导致严重的疾病甚至死亡。前句讲“他发现错误”，本句讲“他担心后果”，为因果关系，前因后果，用so“所以”连接，句首首字母大写。故填So。 7．句意：他花了很多年时间到处旅行，寻找草药，重复他的测试。spend time doing sth.“花费时间做某事”，固定搭配，travel的动名词是travelling/traveling。故填travelling/traveling。 8．句意：他甚至在自己和他的亲戚身上测试草药。根据“his relatives”可知此处指“在他自己身上”，用反身代词himself。故填himself。 9．句意：经过27年和三次修改，这本书终于完成了。主语the book和谓语complete之间是被动关系，根据“After 27 years and three revisions (修改)”可知句子用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were+done，主语是单数，be动词用was。故填was completed。 10．句意：《本草纲目》不仅是中国传统医学史上的一个里程碑，也是世界医学的宝贵财富。修饰名词treasure用形容词valuable“宝贵的”。故填valuable。 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 A long time ago in ancient Greece, there lived a smart scientist named Archimedes. He was interested in numbers, shapes and how 1 (thing) worked. People from near and far often turned to him with problems. Archimedes always surprised them with clever answers. One day, King Hiero asked for his help. The king had ordered a crown maker 2 (make) a golden crown. Though the crown looked perfect, some people doubted that it was made of pure (纯的) gold. The king began to worry. Had the crown maker 3 (secret) mixed in some cheap silver? “I must know the truth,” he said to Archimedes, “but you must not break my crown.” Archimedes thought about the problem day and night. One afternoon, as he 4 (step) into his bath, he saw the water rise and run over the sides. Suddenly, he had 5 idea! Shouting “That’s it!”, he rushed out. Archimedes quickly set up his experiment. He filled a bowl 6 water and prepared two metal blocks (块)—one gold, one silver. Both were the same 7 (weigh) as the crown. First, he put in the silver 8 saw how much water ran over. Then he did the same with the gold and noticed that 9 (little) water ran over. Finally, he tested the crown. It pushed out more water than the gold block, proving the crown was not made of pure gold. Thanks to Archimedes’ sharp mind and a warm bath, the answer 10 (find) at last! 【答案】 1．things 2．to make 3．secretly 4．stepped 5．an 6．with 7．weight 8．and 9．less 10．was found 【导语】本文讲述了古希腊科学家阿基米德受国王所托，从洗澡水溢出的现象中得到启发，用排水法证实了皇冠并非纯金，展现了他的智慧。 1．句意：他对数字、形状以及事物如何运作感兴趣。根据“how...worked”可知，此处“thing”表示泛指的“事物”，应用复数形式。故填things。 2．句意：国王命令皇冠工匠制作一个金皇冠。根据“ordered a crown maker...”可知，“order sb. to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“命令某人做某事”。故填to make。 3．句意：皇冠工匠是否偷偷混入了一些便宜的银？根据“mixed in”可知，此处需用副词修饰动词短语，“secret”的副词形式是“secretly”。故填secretly。 4．句意：一天下午，当他走进浴缸时，他看到水上升并溢出边缘。根据“he saw the water rise”可知，此处描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，“step”的过去式是“stepped”。故填stepped。 5．句意：突然，他有了一个主意！根据“idea”是元音音素开头的可数名词单数，此处需用不定冠词“an”表示“一个”。故填an。 6．句意：他把一个碗装满水，准备了两块金属块——一块金的，一块银的。根据“filled a bowl...”可知，“fill...with...”是固定搭配，意为“用……装满……”。故填with。 7．句意：两块的重量都和皇冠一样。根据“the same...”可知，此处需用名词形式，“weigh”的名词是“weight”，“the same weight as”表示“和……重量相同”。故填weight。 8．句意：首先，他放入银块，然后看溢出了多少水。根据“put in the silver...saw how much water ran over”可知，此处是顺承关系，应用连词“and”连接两个动作。故填and。 9．句意：然后他对金块做了同样的操作，注意到溢出的水更少了。根据“than the gold block”可知，此处需用形容词比较级，“little”的比较级是“less”。故填less。 10．句意：多亏阿基米德的敏锐思维和一个热水澡，答案终于被找到了！根据“the answer...”可知，主语“answer”和“find”是被动关系，且描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态“was found”。故填was found。 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Chinese history is full of amazing stories about great people. Among 1 (they), Zhuge Liang is one of the most famous. Zhuge Liang was a 2 (wisely) man in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. Liu Bei hoped that Zhuge Liang could help him to unify (统一) the country. 3 he went to visit his house with Guan Yu and Zhang Fei. But Zhuge Liang was not at home. On a 4 (snow) day, they came to Zhuge Liang’s house again. Liu Bei saw a young man reading and 5 (make) a bow to him. “You’ve got the wrong person,” 6 young man said. “I’m Zhuge Liang’s brother. He went to visit a friend.” Again, they didn’t meet Zhuge Liang. Then a new year came. They came to Zhuge Liang’s house for the 7 (three) time. This time, Zhuge Liang was at home, but he 8 (sleep). They waited until Zhuge Liang woke up. They talked about the situation of the country. Liu Bei asked Zhuge Liang to be his military adviser. Zhuge Liang accepted Liu Bei’s 9 (invite). He devoted all his efforts to helping Liu Bei. 10 Zhuge Liang’s help, Liu Bei built up his kingdom. 【答案】 1．them 2．wise 3．So 4．snowy 5．made 6．the 7．third 8．was sleeping 9．invitation 10．With 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了三国时期刘备三顾茅庐请诸葛亮出山辅佐自己的故事。 1．句意：在他们当中，诸葛亮是最著名的人物之一。根据“Among...”可知，among是介词，后接人称代词宾格，them“他们”符合语境。故填them。 2．句意：诸葛亮是东汉末年的一位聪明的人。此处修饰名词man，应用形容词wise“聪明的”。故填wise。 3．句意：于是他和关羽、张飞一起去拜访他的家。根据“Liu Bei hoped that Zhuge Liang could help him to unify (统一) the country....he went to visit his house with Guan Yu and Zhang Fei.”可知，前后是因果关系，前因后果，应用so“所以”连接。故填So。 4．句意：在一个下雪的日子，他们又来到了诸葛亮的家。此处修饰名词day，应用形容词snowy“下雪的”。故填snowy。 5．句意：刘备看到一个年轻人在读书，就向他鞠了一躬。根据“saw a young man reading and...a bow to him”可知，and连接两个并列的动作，saw是过去式，此处也应用过去式made“制作”。故填made。 6．句意：你找错人了，”那个年轻人说。此处特指前面提到的那个年轻人，应用定冠词the。故填the。 7．句意：然后新的一年来了，他们第三次来到了诸葛亮的家。根据“for the...time”可知，此处表示第三次，应用序数词third“第三”。故填third。 8．句意：这一次，诸葛亮在家，但他正在睡觉。根据“This time, Zhuge Liang was at home, but he...”可知，此处表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，结构为was/were doing，主语是he，be动词用was，sleep的现在分词是sleeping。故填was sleeping。 9．句意：诸葛亮接受了刘备的邀请。根据“Liu Bei’s...”可知，此处应用名词invitation“邀请”。故填invitation。 10．句意：在诸葛亮的帮助下，刘备建立了他的王国。with one’s help“在某人的帮助下”。是固定短语，用With。故填With。 在横线上用括号内所给词的适当形式填空或补充一个单词，使文章语意通顺 Do you know Confucius (孔子)? He is 1 famous thinker and educator in China. Confucius started a private school in his thirties and 2 (begin) to teach students. Sometimes there were some questions that were difficult for students, 3 he did not quickly give them the answers. Instead, he encouraged them to find the answers by 4 (they). His students were influenced deeply by what he said. They decided to record his words and life 5 (story). As a result, Lunyu was born. Confucius had ever talked about this before: Gentlemen have peace but disagree: flunkies (小人) agree, but they have no peace. This sentence means that flunkies agree 6 (easy), but they don’t really work together. However, even if gentlemen can get along well with others, they don’t just agree with 7 (other) opinions blindly. Confucius wrote several great works in his life. He also edited (编写) the history book 8 (call) The Spring and Autumn Annals (《春秋》). His basic thoughts (思想) were to let people try to be kind to each other. So his works 9 (accept) and praised by people all over the world. Even though Confucius has been dead 10 more than 2,000 years, he is still remembered by people. His works have always been popular at home and abroad. 【答案】 1．a 2．began 3．but 4．themselves 5．stories 6．easily 7．others’ 8．called 9．are accepted 10．for 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了孔子的生平事迹、教育理念、著作以及他对后世的影响。 1．句意：他是中国一位著名的思想家和教育家。根据“He is…famous thinker and educator in China.”可知，此处表示泛指，且famous是以辅音音素开头的单词，因此用不定冠词a。故填a。 2．句意：孔子三十多岁创办了一所私立学校，开始教学生。根据“Confucius started a private school in his thirties and…(begin) to teach students.”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，因此用一般过去时，begin的过去式为began。故填began。 3．句意：有时有些问题对学生来说很难，但他没有很快给他们答案。根据“Sometimes there were some questions that were difficult for students, … he did not quickly give them the answers.”可知，前后句之间存在转折关系，因此用but连接。故填but。 4．句意：相反，他鼓励他们自己找到答案。根据“Instead, he encouraged them to find the answers by…(they).”可知，by oneself表示“独自，靠自己”，they的反身代词为themselves。故填themselves。 5．句意：他们决定记录下他的话和生活故事。根据“They decided to record his words and life … (story).”可知，life stories表示“生活故事”，此处用复数形式表示泛指。故填stories。 6．句意：这句话的意思是，小人很容易达成一致，但他们并不是真正地合作。根据“This sentence means that flunkies agree…(easy), but they don’t really work together.”可知，此处修饰动词agree，因此用副词形式easily。故填easily。 7．句意：然而，即使君子能与他人相处融洽，他们也不会盲目地同意别人的观点。根据“However, even if gentlemen can get along well with others, they don’t just agree with … (other) opinions blindly.”可知，此处修饰名词opinions，因此用others的所有格形式。故填others’。 8．句意：他还编写了历史书《春秋》。根据“He also edited (编写) the history book … (call) The Spring and Autumn Annals (《春秋》).”可知，此处用过去分词called作后置定语，修饰名词book，表示“被称作《春秋》的历史书”。故填called。 9．句意：所以他的作品被全世界的人们所接受和赞扬。根据“So his works … (accept) and praised by people all over the world.”可知，主语his works与accept之间存在被动关系，因此用被动语态；句子描述客观事实，因此用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are accepted。 10．句意：尽管孔子已经去世2000多年了，但他仍然被人们铭记。根据“Even though Confucius has been dead…more than 2,000 years, he is still remembered by people.”可知，此处表示“超过2000年”，用介词for表示一段时间。故填for。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever heard of Bao Zheng or Bao Qingtian? Today, I’m going to tell you a story about Bao, which is popular 1 Chinese people. A young boy made a living by selling fried dough sticks (油条) in the market 2 (he). One day he fell asleep on a rock after he got 100 copper coins. When he woke up, he 3 (sad) found his coins were gone. The boy cried because the money 4 (use) to pay for the medical treatment of his sick mother. Bao happened 5 (pass) through the market. After knowing about the situation, he ordered everyone in the market to put 6 coin into a basin (盆) filled with water. When a coin created an oil bloom (油花) in the water, Bao 7 (catch) the man who dropped the coin and told everyone that he stole the boy’s coins. Bao explained, “The boy was the only one who sold oily 8 (product) in the market 9 the man’s coin was the only one that created an oil bloom in the basin.” Many of the stories about Bao were made into some movies, novels, operas and so on. Today Bao is still considered as one of the 10 (great) officials in history and is loved by Chinese people. 【答案】 1．with/among 2．himself 3．sadly 4．was used 5．to pass 6．a 7．caught 8．products 9．and 10．greatest 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了包拯利用油花断案、帮卖油条男孩找回铜钱的故事。 1．句意：今天，我要给你讲一个关于包拯的故事，这个故事深受中国人喜爱。结合语境，这里表达“受中国人喜爱”的含义，be popular with/among sb.表示“受……欢迎”，贴合“包拯的故事被人们喜爱”的语境。应填with/among。 2．句意：一个小男孩靠自己在市场上卖油条谋生。结合语境，此处想要表达男孩独自谋生，句子需要体现“他自己”这一含义，因此使用人称代词对应的反身代词。应填himself。 3．句意：当他醒来时，他难过地发现他的铜钱不见了。结合语境，此处用来形容发现钱财丢失时的状态，该单词需要用来修饰后面的动词，要使用sad（形容词，悲伤的）对应的副词形式sadly（悲伤地）。 4．句意：男孩哭了，因为这些钱是用来支付他生病母亲的医疗费的。结合语境，钱财是被拿来支付医药费的，主语和动作之间存在被动关系，且文章讲述过去发生的事，故时态选用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was/were+过去分词”，“the money”视为第三人称单数，选用was，use的过去分词是used，应填was used。 5．句意：包拯碰巧经过市场。结合语境，此处表达包拯恰巧路过此地，happen to do可表示“碰巧做某事”，符合句子表达需求。应填to pass。 6．句意：了解情况之后，他命令市场上的每个人把一枚硬币放进装满水的盆里。结合语境，此处只是泛指一枚硬币，coin为可数名词单数且读音以辅音音素开头，要用对应的不定冠词。应填a。 7．句意：当一枚硬币在水中泛起油花时，包拯抓住了扔这枚硬币的人，并告知众人是他偷走了男孩的铜钱。结合语境，文章讲述过往的事件，整体使用过去时态，谓语动词要变为对应的过去式形式。应填caught。 8．句意：包拯解释说：“这个男孩是市场上唯一一个卖含油产品的人，而且这个人的硬币是盆里唯一泛起油花的。”结合语境，此处指代各类含油的货品，并非单一物品，可数名词要变为复数形式。应填products。 9．句意：包拯解释说：“这个男孩是市场上唯一一个卖含油产品的人，而且这个人的硬币是盆里唯一泛起油花的。”结合语境，前后两个分句陈述两件相关的事实，属于并列关系，需要用并列连词进行衔接。应填and。 10．句意：如今，包拯依旧被看作历史上最杰出的官员之一，也深受中国人民的爱戴。结合语境，“one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词”表示“最……之一”，因此要使用形容词的最高级形式。应填greatest。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Yang Shi was born in Fujian. He was an important philosopher (哲学家) of the Song Dynasty. He entered school to study at four and could read and write poems at seven. The local people called him an 1 (amaze) boy. One day, Yang Shi and his schoolmates had different 2 (idea) about a question. In order to get a right answer, he went to visit Cheng Yi, a famous philosopher. He arrived at Cheng’s gate while Mr. Cheng 3 (have) a rest. The guard said, “You’d better come later.” Yang replied, “It doesn’t matter. I’ll just wait here.” After a while, it began to snow 4 (heavy). However, Yang kept on standing in the snow and waiting. The guard kindly told Yang that Cheng might not meet him in a short time and invited him 5 (come) into the house. But Yang continued waiting outside with the cold wind and the falling snow without even one move. When Cheng woke up, the guard told him 6 happened. He asked the guard to let Yang in right away. When the door was opened, everyone was 7 (shock). The snow was more than a foot thick, but they saw that Yang still 8 (stand) there. “Oh, young man, you could have come next time!” Cheng Yi said. “It doesn’t matter! As a student, 9 I want to learn from the teacher, of course I will choose to wait.” Yang answered. Later, Cheng Yi accepted Yang Shi as one of his students. 10 happy the end was! 【答案】 1．amazing 2．ideas 3．was having 4．heavily 5．to come 6．what 7．shocked 8．stood 9．if 10．How 【导语】本文讲述了宋代哲学家杨时 “程门立雪” 的故事，表现了他求学的诚心与恭敬。 1．句意：当地人称他是个令人惊叹的孩子。这里修饰名词“boy”，要用形容词，此处表示是一个令人惊叹的孩子，用形容词amazing“令人惊叹的”。故填amazing。 2．句意：一天，杨时和他的同学对一个问题有不同的看法。“different”表示“不同的”，后面接可数名词复数形式，“idea”的复数是“ideas”，故填ideas。 3．句意：他到达程先生家门口时，程先生正在休息。根据“He arrived at Cheng’s gate”可知，此处表示过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，要用过去进行时，其结构是“was/were+动词的现在分词”，主语“Mr. Cheng”是第三人称单数，用“was”，“have”的现在分词是“having”，故填was having。 4．句意：过了一会儿，开始下起了大雪。修饰动词“snow”要用副词，“heavy”的副词是“heavily”，故填heavily。 5．句意：守卫友好地告诉杨时，程先生可能短时间内不会见他，并邀请他进屋。“invite sb. to do sth.”是固定短语，表示“邀请某人做某事”，所以此处用动词不定式“to come”，故填to come。 6．句意：当程先生醒来时，守卫告诉他发生了什么事。“happened”是谓语动词，前面缺少主语，“what”可以引导宾语从句并在从句中作主语，表示“什么”，故填what。 7．句意：当门打开时，每个人都很震惊。作be动词的表语用形容词，此处形容人的感受，用形容词“shocked”，意为“震惊的”，故填shocked。 8．句意：雪有一英尺多厚，但他们看到杨时仍然站在那里。根据“saw”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，“stand”的过去式是“stood”，故填stood。 9．句意：作为一个学生，如果我想向老师学习，我当然会选择等待。根据语境可知，此处表示条件关系，“if”表示“如果”，引导条件状语从句，故填if。 10．句意：结局是多么令人高兴啊！此处是一个感叹句，中心词是形容词“happy”，用“how”引导感叹句，故填How。 ◇考点 02 重难语篇提升练 阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Zheng Xie, also known as Zheng Banqiao, was one of the most famous painters in ancient China. He lived during the Qing Dynasty and was known 1 his skill at painting bamboo. He once 2 (write), “All the people in this world grow flowers, but I will plant bamboo only.” This shows his deep love for bamboo. Zheng created many bamboo paintings. One of 3 (they) is the scroll (卷轴) titled “Bamboo and Stone”. In the painting scroll, thin but strong bamboo grows on a cliff (悬崖), standing firmly against strong winds from all directions. The different darkness of the ink and the crossed lines make the bamboo look real. 4 poem beside it praises the firm and brave “willpower” of bamboo. The different shapes of bamboo in Zheng’s paintings stand for the good qualities of human beings. They also show what kind of person Zheng was—he didn’t give in and always challenged the traditional 5 (idea). Zheng passed the imperial competitive examination (科举考试) 6 (successful). Later, he worked as a government official for years and won a lot of people’s respect. But he didn’t want to follow the bad ways of the official circle, so he left his job. Then he made a living by 7 (sell) his paintings. At that time, what Zheng did was hard for people to understand and he was 8 (look) down on by them. But he kept his love by staying away from the official life. He was just like the bamboo in his paintings, growing strongly on the mountain cliff. Zheng was called “one of the 9 (great) people in China in the past three hundred years”. His spirit 10 life story will continue to pass down with his great paintings and poems, influencing all Chinese people. 【答案】 1．for 2．wrote 3．them 4．A 5．ideas 6．successfully 7．selling 8．looked 9．greatest 10．and 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国古代著名画家郑燮（郑板桥）的生平事迹，他以画竹闻名，其画作和诗歌体现了他坚韧不拔的品质，以及他不愿同流合污、辞官卖画的高尚情操。 1．句意：他生活在清朝，因画竹的技艺而闻名。be known for“因……而闻名”，形容词短语。 2．句意：他曾经写道：“举世爱栽花，老夫只栽竹。”根据句中的时间状语“once”可知，句子应用一般过去时，动词write的过去式为wrote。 3．句意：其中之一是名为《竹石》的卷轴。one of后接代词时应用宾格形式，they的宾格为them。 4．句意：旁边的一首诗赞美了竹子坚定勇敢的“意志力”。此处泛指“一首诗”，且poem以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a，位于句首，首字母需大写。 5．句意：他们还展示了郑燮是什么样的人——他不屈服，总是挑战传统的观念。idea为可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用其复数形式ideas。 6．句意：郑燮成功地通过了科举考试。此处应用副词修饰动词passed，successful的副词形式为successfully。 7．句意：然后他靠卖画为生。介词by后应接动名词形式作宾语，sell的动名词为selling。 8．句意：在当时，郑燮的所作所为很难让人理解，他被人们看不起。主语he与动词短语look down之间为被动关系，且句子为一般过去时，应用一般过去时的被动语态（was/were+过去分词），look的过去分词为looked。 9．句意：郑燮被称为“过去三百年里中国最伟大的人物之一”。“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”，great的最高级为greatest。 10．句意：他的精神和生平故事将与他伟大的书画和诗歌一起继续流传，影响着所有的中国人。His spirit与life story之间为并列关系，应用并列连词and连接。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡相应的横线上。 Lu Ban was born into an artisan family (工匠世家) in 507 BC． As a child, he learned traditional building skills from his family. Later, he travelled to the State of Chu. The king admired his talent and offered 1 (he) help. So Lu Ban invented many things to show his 2 (thank), such as siege ladders (云梯) for attacking cities and grappling ships (钩拒战船) for sea battles. But his greatest 3 (invent) was a set of woodworking (木工) tools. At that time, carpenters (木匠) only depended on knives and axes (斧). 4 , it was difficult to create fine products with simple tools, and the work always took plenty of time. Besides, their handmade things looked far from perfect. Lu Ban wanted to improve this. One day, while cutting trees in the mountains, he 5 (cut) his hand on a wild grass leaf. He noticed that the leaf had sharp teeth on both sides. This gave him 6 unexpected idea. He first created a saw (锯子) from bamboo, then from iron. It made cutting wood much 7 (fast) than before. From then on, he kept on creating new tools. He 8 (success) invented the plane, the drill, and the carpenter’s square (曲尺)… Later, the carpenter’s square 9 (name) the Lu Ban Ruler in honor of him. For over two thousand years, Lu Ban has been honored as the father 10 Chinese carpentry. His wisdom and inventions still influence people today. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国古代著名工匠鲁班的生平、发明以及他对中国木工的深远影响。 1．句意：国王钦佩他的才华并为他提供了帮助。此处作动词offered的宾语，应用宾格形式，he的宾格是him。 2．句意：因此鲁班发明了许多东西来表达他的感谢，比如用于攻城的云梯和用于海战的钩拒战船。形容词性物主代词his后应接名词，thank的名词复数形式thanks表示“感谢”，show one’s thanks意为“表达某人的感谢”。 3．句意：但他最伟大的发明是一套木工工具。形容词greatest后应接名词，invent的名词形式是invention，根据后面的be动词was可知，此处应用单数形式。 4．句意：然而，用简单的工具很难创造出精美的产品，而且工作总是花费大量时间。前文提到木匠只依靠刀和斧头，后文指出这种简单工具的不足，前后存在转折关系，且设空处位于句首并用逗号隔开，应用副词However，首字母需大写。 5．句意：一天，在山上砍树时，他的手被一片野草叶子割伤了。此处讲述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，cut的过去式仍为cut。 6．句意：这给了他一个意想不到的主意。idea是可数名词单数，此处泛指“一个主意”，且修饰词unexpected以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。 7．句意：它使得砍木头比以前快得多。空后有than，且空前有much修饰，应用形容词的比较级形式，fast的比较级是faster。 8．句意：他成功地发明了刨子、钻头和曲尺……此处修饰动词invented，应用副词形式，success的副词是successfully。 9．句意：后来，为了纪念他，曲尺被命名为鲁班尺。主语the carpenter’s square与动词name之间是被动关系，且事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态（was/were+过去分词），主语为单数，be动词用was，name的过去分词为named。 10．句意：两千多年来，鲁班一直被尊为中国木工之父。the father of...是固定搭配，意为“……之父”，此处表示所属关系，应用of。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Great ideas 单元话题语法填空练习 单元话题：历史人物 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 聚焦基础，巩固自我 重难语篇提升练 专注提升，挑战自我 ◇考点 01 基础语篇巩固练 Most of us must be familiar with Yue Fei. He is 1 hero in Chinese history. He was one of 2 (famous) soldiers who lived during the Song Dynasty. In 1125, the Jin army from the North attacked the Song kingdom. Song kingdom was 3 danger. Yue made up his mind to fight the Jin army 4 (protect) his country. Before he set out for his 5 (one) fight, his mother asked him, “At this moment, our country is facing a great 6 (difficult). What do you plan to do?” “Serve the country with utmost loyalty (精忠报国),” Yue said firmly. 7 (he) answer met his mother’s expectation. “I will tattoo (刺) these words onto your back, so you won’t forget them 8 (easy).” His mother continued, “But the tattoos are quite painful. Are you afraid, my child?” Yue said, “Mother, a little needle (针) is nothing. How can I face going to war on the front line 9 I am afraid of needles?” Keeping these words in mind, Yue beat the Jin army successfully many times. Sadly, Yue 10 (send) to prison by Qin Hui and got killed, but his spirit was passed on. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写 在答题卡规定的位置上。 This is a story about two wise men in ancient China—Zhuge Liang and Zhou Yu. One day, Zhou Yu gave Zhuge Liang 1 impossible task—to make 100,000 arrows within ten days. “No problem,” Zhuge Liang said 2 （confident）. He promised 3 （bring）Zhou Yu 100,000 arrows within 3 days. Zhuge Liang asked his soldiers to fill 20 large boats 4 many straw men. In the early morning of the 5 （three）day, Zhuge Liang’s soldiers sailed the boats towards the camps of Cao Cao’s army on the other side of the river. The soldiers shouted and beat their 6 （drum）loudly. 7 Cao Cao’s soldiers heard the sounds, they thought they were under attack. However, the fog is so thick on the river 8 they could not see through. Cao Cao ordered his soldiers to shoot towards the sounds. Zhuge Liang’s boats were soon full of arrows. Zhuge Liang’s soldiers then turned the boats around and shouted, “Thank you for your arrows, Cao Cao.” Zhuge Liang took all these arrows back. Zhou Yu was amazed by 9 （he）wisdom. Since then, Chinese people 10 （tell）the story to their children for many many years. 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Li Shizhen was a famous medical scientist in the Ming Dynasty. He is known 1 “the sage of medicine” in Chinese history. One of his 2 (great) achievements is the famous book called Bencao Gangmu. The book 3 (influence) medicine greatly across the world so far. Born in a family of doctors, Li Shizhen was 4 (deep) interested in herbs (草药) and began to read medical books from 5 young age. He discovered many mistakes in those books. 6 he worried that these mistakes would cause serious illnesses or even death. Li Shizhen decided to write a new book. He spent many years 7 (travel) everywhere to look for herbs and repeating his tests. He even tested herbs on 8 (he) and his relatives. Li Shizhen collected and recorded over 1,890 herbs. He also looked up facts in 900 medical books to learn more about herbs. He worked day and night to make sure all the information was correct. After 27 years and three revisions (修改), the book 9 (complete) finally. It then got tons of attention both in China and in many other countries around the world. Bencao Gangmu is not only a milestone (里程碑) in the history of traditional Chinese medicine, but also a 10 (value) treasure of world medicine. What we should learn more from Li Shizhen is his attitude (态度) to knowledge and his spirit. 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 A long time ago in ancient Greece, there lived a smart scientist named Archimedes. He was interested in numbers, shapes and how 1 (thing) worked. People from near and far often turned to him with problems. Archimedes always surprised them with clever answers. One day, King Hiero asked for his help. The king had ordered a crown maker 2 (make) a golden crown. Though the crown looked perfect, some people doubted that it was made of pure (纯的) gold. The king began to worry. Had the crown maker 3 (secret) mixed in some cheap silver? “I must know the truth,” he said to Archimedes, “but you must not break my crown.” Archimedes thought about the problem day and night. One afternoon, as he 4 (step) into his bath, he saw the water rise and run over the sides. Suddenly, he had 5 idea! Shouting “That’s it!”, he rushed out. Archimedes quickly set up his experiment. He filled a bowl 6 water and prepared two metal blocks (块)—one gold, one silver. Both were the same 7 (weigh) as the crown. First, he put in the silver 8 saw how much water ran over. Then he did the same with the gold and noticed that 9 (little) water ran over. Finally, he tested the crown. It pushed out more water than the gold block, proving the crown was not made of pure gold. Thanks to Archimedes’ sharp mind and a warm bath, the answer 10 (find) at last! 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Chinese history is full of amazing stories about great people. Among 1 (they), Zhuge Liang is one of the most famous. Zhuge Liang was a 2 (wisely) man in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. Liu Bei hoped that Zhuge Liang could help him to unify (统一) the country. 3 he went to visit his house with Guan Yu and Zhang Fei. But Zhuge Liang was not at home. On a 4 (snow) day, they came to Zhuge Liang’s house again. Liu Bei saw a young man reading and 5 (make) a bow to him. “You’ve got the wrong person,” 6 young man said. “I’m Zhuge Liang’s brother. He went to visit a friend.” Again, they didn’t meet Zhuge Liang. Then a new year came. They came to Zhuge Liang’s house for the 7 (three) time. This time, Zhuge Liang was at home, but he 8 (sleep). They waited until Zhuge Liang woke up. They talked about the situation of the country. Liu Bei asked Zhuge Liang to be his military adviser. Zhuge Liang accepted Liu Bei’s 9 (invite). He devoted all his efforts to helping Liu Bei. 10 Zhuge Liang’s help, Liu Bei built up his kingdom. 在横线上用括号内所给词的适当形式填空或补充一个单词，使文章语意通顺 Do you know Confucius (孔子)? He is 1 famous thinker and educator in China. Confucius started a private school in his thirties and 2 (begin) to teach students. Sometimes there were some questions that were difficult for students, 3 he did not quickly give them the answers. Instead, he encouraged them to find the answers by 4 (they). His students were influenced deeply by what he said. They decided to record his words and life 5 (story). As a result, Lunyu was born. Confucius had ever talked about this before: Gentlemen have peace but disagree: flunkies (小人) agree, but they have no peace. This sentence means that flunkies agree 6 (easy), but they don’t really work together. However, even if gentlemen can get along well with others, they don’t just agree with 7 (other) opinions blindly. Confucius wrote several great works in his life. He also edited (编写) the history book 8 (call) The Spring and Autumn Annals (《春秋》). His basic thoughts (思想) were to let people try to be kind to each other. So his works 9 (accept) and praised by people all over the world. Even though Confucius has been dead 10 more than 2,000 years, he is still remembered by people. His works have always been popular at home and abroad. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever heard of Bao Zheng or Bao Qingtian? Today, I’m going to tell you a story about Bao, which is popular 1 Chinese people. A young boy made a living by selling fried dough sticks (油条) in the market 2 (he). One day he fell asleep on a rock after he got 100 copper coins. When he woke up, he 3 (sad) found his coins were gone. The boy cried because the money 4 (use) to pay for the medical treatment of his sick mother. Bao happened 5 (pass) through the market. After knowing about the situation, he ordered everyone in the market to put 6 coin into a basin (盆) filled with water. When a coin created an oil bloom (油花) in the water, Bao 7 (catch) the man who dropped the coin and told everyone that he stole the boy’s coins. Bao explained, “The boy was the only one who sold oily 8 (product) in the market 9 the man’s coin was the only one that created an oil bloom in the basin.” Many of the stories about Bao were made into some movies, novels, operas and so on. Today Bao is still considered as one of the 10 (great) officials in history and is loved by Chinese people. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Yang Shi was born in Fujian. He was an important philosopher (哲学家) of the Song Dynasty. He entered school to study at four and could read and write poems at seven. The local people called him an 1 (amaze) boy. One day, Yang Shi and his schoolmates had different 2 (idea) about a question. In order to get a right answer, he went to visit Cheng Yi, a famous philosopher. He arrived at Cheng’s gate while Mr. Cheng 3 (have) a rest. The guard said, “You’d better come later.” Yang replied, “It doesn’t matter. I’ll just wait here.” After a while, it began to snow 4 (heavy). However, Yang kept on standing in the snow and waiting. The guard kindly told Yang that Cheng might not meet him in a short time and invited him 5 (come) into the house. But Yang continued waiting outside with the cold wind and the falling snow without even one move. When Cheng woke up, the guard told him 6 happened. He asked the guard to let Yang in right away. When the door was opened, everyone was 7 (shock). The snow was more than a foot thick, but they saw that Yang still 8 (stand) there. “Oh, young man, you could have come next time!” Cheng Yi said. “It doesn’t matter! As a student, 9 I want to learn from the teacher, of course I will choose to wait.” Yang answered. Later, Cheng Yi accepted Yang Shi as one of his students. 10 happy the end was! ◇考点 02 重难语篇提升练 阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Zheng Xie, also known as Zheng Banqiao, was one of the most famous painters in ancient China. He lived during the Qing Dynasty and was known 1 his skill at painting bamboo. He once 2 (write), “All the people in this world grow flowers, but I will plant bamboo only.” This shows his deep love for bamboo. Zheng created many bamboo paintings. One of 3 (they) is the scroll (卷轴) titled “Bamboo and Stone”. In the painting scroll, thin but strong bamboo grows on a cliff (悬崖), standing firmly against strong winds from all directions. The different darkness of the ink and the crossed lines make the bamboo look real. 4 poem beside it praises the firm and brave “willpower” of bamboo. The different shapes of bamboo in Zheng’s paintings stand for the good qualities of human beings. They also show what kind of person Zheng was—he didn’t give in and always challenged the traditional 5 (idea). Zheng passed the imperial competitive examination (科举考试) 6 (successful). Later, he worked as a government official for years and won a lot of people’s respect. But he didn’t want to follow the bad ways of the official circle, so he left his job. Then he made a living by 7 (sell) his paintings. At that time, what Zheng did was hard for people to understand and he was 8 (look) down on by them. But he kept his love by staying away from the official life. He was just like the bamboo in his paintings, growing strongly on the mountain cliff. Zheng was called “one of the 9 (great) people in China in the past three hundred years”. His spirit 10 life story will continue to pass down with his great paintings and poems, influencing all Chinese people. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡相应的横线上。 Lu Ban was born into an artisan family (工匠世家) in 507 BC． As a child, he learned traditional building skills from his family. Later, he travelled to the State of Chu. The king admired his talent and offered 1 (he) help. So Lu Ban invented many things to show his 2 (thank), such as siege ladders (云梯) for attacking cities and grappling ships (钩拒战船) for sea battles. But his greatest 3 (invent) was a set of woodworking (木工) tools. At that time, carpenters (木匠) only depended on knives and axes (斧). 4 , it was difficult to create fine products with simple tools, and the work always took plenty of time. Besides, their handmade things looked far from perfect. Lu Ban wanted to improve this. One day, while cutting trees in the mountains, he 5 (cut) his hand on a wild grass leaf. He noticed that the leaf had sharp teeth on both sides. This gave him 6 unexpected idea. He first created a saw (锯子) from bamboo, then from iron. It made cutting wood much 7 (fast) than before. From then on, he kept on creating new tools. He 8 (success) invented the plane, the drill, and the carpenter’s square (曲尺)… Later, the carpenter’s square 9 (name) the Lu Ban Ruler in honor of him. For over two thousand years, Lu Ban has been honored as the father 10 Chinese carpentry. His wisdom and inventions still influence people today. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $