UNIT 2 素养练习2026-2027学年沪教版九年级英语上册

**基本信息** 以“发明与智慧”为主题的初中英语单元卷，融合科技史（如杠杆原理）、文化经典（《论语》）及中外智者故事（毕加索、孔子），通过真实情境考查语言能力，兼顾文化意识与思维品质培养，适配单元复习巩固。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |听力|10小题/30分|发明时间、人物职业等细节|对话/独白贴近生活，听填信息考查关键信息捕捉| |完形填空|20小题/20分|语法（时态、代词）、词汇（动词短语）|融入杠杆原理、《论语》内容，渗透科学思维与文化理解| |阅读理解|15小题/20分|中国故事（水滴石穿）、孔子名言|“用英语讲好中国故事”，设事件排序题，提升逻辑思维| |书面表达|1题/15分|介绍历史智者|要求结合人物事迹与评价，综合语言输出与文化传承|

UNIT 2 素养练习 　第一部分　(听力　共30) Ⅰ.听选答案(共15小题，计20) 第一节：(共10小题，计10) 1．(　)A.Germany. B．America. C．England. 2．(　)A.The car. B．The Internet. C．The plane. 3．(　)A.In 1876. B．In 1885. C．In 1927. 4．(　)A.A sportsman. B．A teacher. C．A student. 5．(　)A.An inventor. B．A painter. C．A musician. 6．(　)A.Testing the earthquake. B．Drinking water. C．Making paper. 7．(　)A.Reading a novel. B．Reading a magazine. C．Reading a newspaper. 8．(　)A.He wants to know who invented the machine. B．He wants to know when the machine was invented. C．He wants to know what the machine was used for. 9．(　)A.Hamburgers. 　　　　B．Cola. C．Potato chips. 10．(　)A.To improve her reading. B．To improve her listening. C．To improve her writing. 第二节：(共5小题，计10) 听第1段材料，回答第11、12小题。 11．(　)Where may the conversation take place? A．In a restaurant. 　　　 B．In a bedroom. C．In a supermarket. 12．(　)What are they talking about? A．The busy weekend. B．The useful homework. C．The greatest inventions. 听第2段材料，回答第13至15小题。 13．(　)When will the science festival be? A．In June. B．In July. C．In August. 14．(　)Who encouraged the speaker? A．The speaker's sister. B．The speaker's parents. C．The speaker's classmate. 15．(　)What did the teacher think of the robot? A．Common. 　　　 B．Useful. C．Excellent. Ⅱ.听填信息(每空不超过三个单词)(共5小题，计10) 16．Margaret was born on __________ 14, 1838. 17．At the age of ________， she began working in a cotton factory. 18．During the first year, she saw an accident there, and a worker was ________________． 19．She invented a machine that could __________ workers while they were working. 20．Soon her invention got __________________ among factories in her area. 第二部分　(笔试　共90) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小题，计20) 第一节： One sunny afternoon, a young boy was working on a heavy rock.__21__ the boy tried his best, the rock did not move.__22__great thinker, Archimedes noticed the boy's problem.Then he decided__23__him the power of science. “Let me show you something wonderful，” Archimedes said kindly.He found a long strong piece of wood and __24__ placed one end under the rock, using a smaller stone as a support point.Then he stood at the other end and said confidently, “Give __25__a strong support, and I shall move the world！” The boy watched, full of interest. To the boy's __26__， Archimedes pressed down gently on the wood—and the huge rock slowly rose into the air! The boy's eyes widened in amazement.Archimedes explained, “This is a lever(杠杆)．It __27__ to move heavy things with less work.A small push here can create great power there.” The boy finally __28__.With the right tool, even a difficult task could become possible.It wasn't about being stronger, but about being wiser. This event spread quickly.Soon, people began using levers in their daily work, making building and carrying things much __29__.Archimedes' simple lesson had changed how people thought about strength and machines. Archimedes' words still encourage young minds today.They remind us that __30__ knowledge and creativity, no problem is too challenging. 21．(　)A.Because B．Though C．When D．If 22．(　)A.A B．An C．The D．/ 23．(　)A.show B．to show C．showing D．showed 24．(　)A.care B．careful C．carefulness D．carefully 25．(　)A.I B．me C．mine D．myself 26．(　)A.surprise B．surprised C．surprising D．surprisingly 27．(　)A.used B．was used C．uses D．is used 28．(　)A.understands B．has understood C．will understand D．understood 29．(　)A.easy B．easier C．easiest D．easily 30．(　)A.by B．for C．on D．with 第二节： William used to be a kid who never shared his true thoughts with others.He always had the same ideas on everything his friends said. One day, he and his friends were __31__whether middle school students should bring phones to school.His friends all thought they should.William didn't agree, but he was afraid to express his thoughts.Finally, he chose to __32__them.However, always agreeing with others made him feel unhappy, so he got up the __33__ to tell his mom about this. “I just can't tell people what I really think or want.It's too __34__ for me，” said William.His mom smiled and handed him a __35__—The Analects of Confucius (《论语》)．When he read the words “Gentlemen have __36__but disagree; flunkies (小人) agree but have no peace.”，he didn't understand and asked his mom.“It means gentlemen achieve harmony but they don't just __37__agree with others.They have their own __38__and can tell the truth bravely.Flunkies agree easily, but they don't really work together，” his mom explained. Suddenly, William realized that having __39__ideas wasn't a bad thing.And he started to __40__his own thoughts bravely.To his surprise, he found that the friendship became even stronger! 31．(　)A.discussing B．imagining C．introducing D．training 32．(　)A.worry about B．wait for C．agree with D．point out 33．(　)A.chance B．time C．memory D．courage 34．(　)A.polite B．difficult C．important D．interesting 35．(　)A.survey B．report C．diary D．book 36．(　)A.danger B．trouble C．peace D．regret 37．(　)A.clearly B．blindly C．secretly D．angrily 38．(　)A.interests B．reasons C．ideas D．gifts 39．(　)A.creative B．magic C．different D．true 40．(　)A.express B．accept C．find D．guess Ⅳ.阅读理解(共15小题，计20) 第一节：根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。(共5小题，计5)(用英语讲好中国故事·水滴石穿) During the Song Dynasty, there was an official named Zhang Guaiya. 41.__________At that time, thieves(小偷) were everywhere—even in the county's vault (钱库)． One day, Zhang saw an official come out of the vault in a hurry.Zhang stopped him and asked, “Why are you in a hurry？” “No reason，” said the official. 42．________So he asked people to search the official.They found a copper coin (铜钱) in the official's headband (头巾)． Zhang asked him how much more money he had stolen. 43.____Zhang ordered the guards to beat him. The official didn't give in.He said, “I only stole a coin.You can't kill me just because of that！” 44．________“If you steal a coin every day, there will be a thousand coins after a thousand days.Constant dripping wears away a stone (水滴石穿)．” “Constant dripping wears away a stone.” The saying tells us that small things over time can make a big difference. 45.________On the other hand, it tells us to persevere (坚持不懈)．Take learning a language for example.You must keep on learning new words, reading and writing.If you stick to it for months or years, you will make progress. A．He worked in Chongyang County, in today's Hubei. B．Zhang was very angry and he wrote with a red pen. C．Zhang thought the official might have stolen the money. D．The official said he didn't steal anything else. E．On the one hand, it tells us not to do small bad things. 第二节：(共10小题，计15) A Confucius had a lot to say about how to live a good life.Leave your favorite saying and tell us why.You can also vote for your favorite！ “I hear and I forget.I see and I remember.I do and I understand.” POSTED: Rebecca on Wednesday, Sept.4 @ 8: 20 am I'm learning German and it takes hard work to learn new words.Hearing them is a good start, but using them in my own speech is what really helps me to learn. “What you do not wish done to yourself, do not do to others.” POSTED: Tam on Tuesday, Sept.3 @ 7: 00 pm Just the other day, one of my friends talked badly about a classmate of ours.I kept on thinking about how bad our classmate would feel.I know I wouldn't like it！ “Careful people seldom make mistakes.” POSTED: Rosa on Sunday, Sept.1 @ 2: 00 pm I like to remind myself of this saying when taking a test.It's better to work slowly and pay close attention to avoid making unnecessary mistakes. “To go too far is as bad as to fall short.” POSTED: Andre on Saturday, Aug.31 @ 2: 15 pm I wanted to lose a few kilos for a big party so I didn't eat enough.In the end, I got really sick and couldn't even go to the party！ 46.(　)Which saying gets the most votes? A．Saying 1. B．Saying 2. C．Saying 3. D．Saying 4. 47．(　)What example does Andre take to explain his favourite saying? A．Attending a party. B．Taking a test. C．Learning German. D．Talking about others. 48．(　)We can probably see this passage from a ____． A．diary B．notice C．play D．website B Once upon a time, there was a king.He always worried about what might happen in the future.One day, the king noticed a cobbler (修鞋匠)．Although he wore old clothes, he was very happy.How could he smile so brightly? The king decided to find out. The next day, the king was dressed in rags and followed the cobbler home.The king then pretended (假装) to be hungry and begged for food.The cobbler agreed to share.When the king asked about the reason for his joy, the cobbler said he just earned enough money by fixing shoes to buy bread for the day.The king kept asking, “But what if you don't make enough money for food tomorrow？” The cobbler answered with confidence，“I have faith (信心)．Everything will be fine.” This touched the king.But he wondered what would happen if the cobbler couldn't make enough money.So the next day, the king didn't allow anyone to repair shoes.The cobbler was puzzled, but he wasn't gloomy．When he saw some villagers trying to carry water home, he helped them and got coins from them. That evening the king, dressed in fine clothes, went to the cobbler's house again.The cobbler was having soup and smiling. The king asked for the reason for his happiness.The cobbler explained that he earned money by helping the villagers carry water. The king kept asking, “But what if you don't make enough money for food tomorrow？” “I have faith.Everything will be fine，” replied the cobbler. “Your faith has driven away my fear about the future.Thank you，” said the king. 49．(　)According to Paragraph 1, what did the king try to find out? A．How to keep happy. B．When to see a bright smile. C．Which ways made a good king. D．What would happen in the future. 50．(　)What does the underlined word “gloomy” mean in English? A．Surprised. B．Pleased. C．Upset. D．Strange. 51．(　)What is the right order of the following pictures? A．③①②④ B．③①④② C．①③②④ D．①③④② 52．(　)What does the text mainly tell us? A．Tomorrow is never sure. B．After rain comes sunshine. C．Where there is faith, there is light. D．Helping others is helping ourselves. C One day in class, Socrates held up an apple, stood in front of the class and said to his students, “Please smell the air! What can you smell？” A student raised his hand at once and said, “I can smell it! It's the smell of an apple！” Socrates held the apple high, and walked slowly past every student.He said, “Smell more carefully.Is there really the smell of an apple in the air？” At this time, half of the students put up their hands.Socrates went back to the front of the classroom and asked the same question again.This time, all the students raised their hands except one.He walked to this student and asked, “Didn't you really smell anything？” The student said directly, “I really smelled nothing at all！” Then Socrates said to the whole class, “He is right, because this is not a real apple—it just looks like an apple.” This student was Plato, who later became a great man. Many times, we are very close to the truth, but we give it up because we don't believe in ourselves.Plato's courage to hold on to the truth came from his strong belief in facts.The road to the truth is not easy.So, don't be fooled by false ideas.The most important thing is whether we can stick to the truth. 53．(　)What did Socrates ask about in class? A．The name of the fruit. B．The smell in the air. C．The number of the students. D．The food in the classroom. 54．(　)Why did Socrates say Plato was right? A．He held the apple high. B．The apple smelled nice. C．He put up his hands. D．The apple was not real. 55．(　)What can we learn from the story? A．We should follow others. B．We need to stick to the truth. C．It's easy to find the truth. D．Lots of people like apples. Ⅴ.完成句子：根据所给汉语意思，用单词或短语完成下列英文句子。(共5小题，计10) 56．老子不满足于世界上的争斗与纷扰。 Laozi____________________________ the fights and troubles in the world. 57．他直奔大自然去寻求智慧与平静。 He________________________ nature to find wisdom and peace. 58．他用睿智的语言向人们传达了自己的思想。 He________________ his ideas ________________ to people in wise words. 59．最终，老子被证明是中国历史上一位伟大的思想家。 In the end, Laozi________________ to be a great thinker in Chinese history. 60．他的思想帮助人们和谐相处，并影响了整个中国文化。 His thoughts helped people live in harmony and influenced Chinese culture________________． Ⅵ.短文填空：用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。 (每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词)(共10小题，计10) cheer, wonder, call, we, creative, have, great, careful, understanding, be Sitting in the garden, Newton watched an apple fall from a tree.He began to 61.__________if the same force that pulled the apple down also kept the moon circling the earth.Newton believed it did.He 62.________it “gravity (重力)”． So far, this story 63.________become one of the most popular examples of “eureka” moments.But when we 64.________ for the great discovery, the whole process of creative thinking shouldn't be forgotten. Newton studied mathematics for a long time to have a better 65.________________of the world.He always enjoyed finding new ways to solve problems.The falling apple 66.________only the fruit of years of hard work before.It also started the train of thought that continued for the next twenty years. Newton began to examine (检验) “gravity” 67.________．He experimented.Then he studied the results and used what he had learned to do new experiments.In 1687, the 68.__________scientific work of his life came out. The whole process of creative thinking works the same in our life.In school, we prepare 69.______________for the right moment.Once the moment comes, we catch it and then keep on working in the years to come.It takes much to get the fruits of 70.________thinking, but the sweetest fruits will be ready for those who wait the longest. Ⅶ.任务型阅读：阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。(共5小题，计10) Pablo Picasso was one of the greatest artists of the 20th century, and co­founded(共同创立) the Cubist Artist Movement (立体主义艺术运动) . Pablo Picasso was born in Malaga, Spain.Picasso's father was an artist and gave Picasso art lessons when he was very young.He finished his first painting，Le picador, when he was nine.At 16, he went to the top art school in Spain. In 1900, Picasso went to Paris.In 1905, some American art collectors bought some of Picasso's paintings, and he became famous.In the early days, Picasso painted in a realistic (现实的) manner, but later his style of work changed. In 1907, Picasso co­founded the Cubist Artist Movement.In Cubism, artists painted a person or object from different sides, using geometric shapes (几何图形) .Also they painted by breaking a picture up into different blocks.Picasso, and other artists, later began to add other materials, leading to the invention of collage (拼贴艺术)． Picasso died in France in 1973.Several of his paintings are among the most expensive in the world.Even many years after his passing, they are still invaluable and high­priced.And Picasso still has an influence on today's art field. 71．Who was Picasso's first art teacher according to the passage? Picasso's first art teacher was ________________． 72．When did Picasso become famous? He became famous in ________________． 73．How did artists paint a Cubist painting? They__________________into different blocks and used geometric shapes to paint. 74．What does the underlined word“they” refer to? It refers to “________________”． 75．Make a proper title for the text in no more than 8 words. The title can be “______________________________________”． Ⅷ.交流与表达(共6小题，计20) 第一节：补全对话。根据下面对话中的情境，在每个空白处填入一个适当的语句，使对话恢复完整。(共5小题，计5) A: I'm going to read an article about Confucius.Do you know him? B: 76.________________．I think he's a genius! A：Really? 77.______________________________？ B：Because his ideas are famous and still matter now. A：Amazing! Tell me more about him. B: 78.________________．He had over 3，000 students, and 72 of them became so great. A：So cool! 79.______________________________？ B: No.He didn't write books himself, but his students recorded his words in The Analects (《论语》)． A：I think I'll read it after finishing this article.80.____________！ B：You're welcome. 第二节：书面表达。(共1题，计15) 假设你是李辉，你的英国笔友Simon在来信中表达对中国悠久的历史非常感兴趣，请你写一封回信，介绍你最敬佩的中国历史上的一位智者。 内容包括：1.人物简介； 2．主要事迹及你的评价； 3．期待Simon来中国亲身感受中国历史与文化。 要求：1.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 2．词数：不少于70。(开头已给出，但不计入总词数。) Dear Simon， I'm so happy to hear that you are quite interested in China's long history.Now I'd like to share the story of one of the wise people that I most admire in our history with you. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 　　 听力材料及答案 Ⅰ.第一节 1. W：Hi, Jim. Do you know who invented the first car? M：Yes, it was invented by an American. His name is Henry Ford. Q：Where was Henry Ford from? 2. W：My favorite invention is the car and my sister Jenny's is the plane. What's yours, Henry? M：Mine is the Internet. Q：What's Jenny's favorite invention? 3. W：Hi, Allan, do you know the useful invention, the telephone? M：Of course. As far as I know, the telephone was invented by Alexander Bell in 1876. Q: When was the telephone invented? 4. W：I guess basketball is now the second most popular sport all over the world. M：I agree, especially among students.It was invented by a teacher from Canada. Q: Who invented the sport? 5. W：Mike, who do you think is the greatest person in American history? M：Thomas Edison.He invented over 1，000 inventions. Q: Who does the boy admire most? 6. M：Look! What an interesting invention! Is it used for drinking water? W：No.It was used for testing earthquakes in ancient China. Q: What was the invention used for? 7. M：Hi, Alice.What are you reading? W：Hello, Karl.I'm reading about Garrett Morgan in this magazine.He was a famous inventor. Q: What is Alice doing? 8. M：Who was this kind of machine invented by? W：Sorry, I don't know.Let's go to ask Mr Zhang. Q: What does the boy want to know? 9. M：Betty, were hamburgers invented earlier than cola? W：Yes, you're right.However, potato chips were invented much earlier than hamburgers. Q：Which is the earliest invention? 10. M：I'd like to invent something to help improve my writing and reading in English.What about you, Betty? W：I want to invent something to help improve my listening in a short time. Q：Why does Betty want to invent something? 第二节 Text 1 W：Hi, Cole, what are you doing? M：Hello, Mary. I'm busy with my English homework—some small inventions. W：Oh, I see. What are these? M：They are shoes with lights. You use them for seeing in the dark when you get up at night. W：Oh, that is so cool. What are those then? M：They are the shoes with special heels. You can raise the heels when going to a party or lower them if you are going out for shopping. W：How useful they are! I love your English homework. Text 2 Today I'd like to share my experience. Our school will have a science festival in July. I have decided to build a cooking robot for it. One month ago, I finally finished my robot. My sister Grace said it was common. I felt disappointed and wanted to give up, but my parents encouraged me to keep going. I spent more time improving my robot. Last week, I showed my robot. My teacher said it was excellent, and all of my friends thought it was useful. Ⅱ.Margaret Knight is one of the most famous women inventors of the nineteenth century in America. Most people describe her as the Woman Edison. Margaret was born on February 14，1838. At the age of twelve, Margaret began working in a cotton factory. During the first year, she saw an accident there, and a worker was badly hurt. To prevent that from happening again, Margaret invented a machine that could protect workers while they were working. That was Margaret's first invention, and soon it got very popular among factories in her area. By the time she died in nineteen fourteen, Margaret had made more than 80 inventions. Ⅰ.1～5: BCABA　6～10: ABACB　11～15: BBBBC Ⅱ.16. February　17. twelve/12　18. badly hurt 19. protect　20. very popular Ⅲ.21～25: BABDB　26～30: ADDBD 31～35: ACDBD　36～40: CBCCA Ⅳ.41～45: ACDBE　46～48: BAD 49～52: ACDC　53～55: BDB Ⅴ.56. was not satisfied with　57. went straight to 58. got; across　59. was proved　60. as a whole Ⅵ.61. wonder　62. called　63. has　64. cheer 65. understanding　66. was　67. carefully 68. greatest　69. ourselves　70. creative Ⅶ.71. his father　72. 1905　73. broke a picture up 74. several of Picasso's paintings 75. Pablo Picasso: A Great Artist/Life and Art of Pablo Picasso/Pablo Picasso: Master of Modern Art/… Ⅷ.第一节 76. Yes/ Yes, I do/ Of course/… 77. Why do you say that/ Why/… 78. No problem/OK/… 79. Did he write books/… 80. Thanks for sharing/ Thank you/ Thanks/… 第二节 Dear Simon， I'm so happy to hear that you are quite interested in China's long history.Now I'd like to share the story of one of the wise people that I most admire in our history with you. Confucius was a great educator in ancient China.He opened a private school, so students from poor and rich families could all learn.He had over 3，000 students and taught them to be kind.His famous words “Do not do to others what you don't want done to you” still help people today. I admire him because he made education fair and taught good values.His ideas are still important in China. I hope you can come to China and experience our history together! Yours， Li Hui 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $