Unit 2 Great ideas 单元话题完形填空10篇-2026-2027学年九年级英语上册单元练习（沪教版）

**基本信息** 本单元卷聚焦“历史人物”主题，设计10篇完形填空分基础巩固与重难提升两阶段训练，通过商鞅立木、田忌赛马等中国历史故事，融合语言能力培养与文化传承，适配初中英语单元复习需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |完形填空|10篇（100题）|基础篇考查代词（He/She）、连词（However）等语法及核心词汇（refused/kept）；提升篇涉及复杂语境词汇（exhausted/confused）与推理能力（如曹刿论战中战术判断）|情境创设具文化传承性，选用“闻鸡起舞”“毛遂自荐”等典故；问题设计分层，基础巩固语言知识，提升训练思维品质，符合核心素养中语言能力与文化意识的培养要求。|

Unit 2 Great ideas 单元话题完形填空练习 单元话题：历史人物 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 聚焦基础，巩固自我 重难语篇提升练 专注提升，挑战自我 ◇考点 01 基础语篇巩固练 In ancient Qin, there was a wise official named Shang Yang. He 1 many new rules to improve the country. 2 encouraged farming and gave prizes to soldiers who fought bravely. At first, the local people did not believe in him, so they 3 to follow his new rules. To win people’s trust, Shang Yang came up with a 4 plan. He put a wooden stick at the south gate of the capital. Many people gathered there to watch. He said to the crowd, “If anyone moves this stick to the north gate, he will get 10 gold coins.” The work was easy, but the reward was 5 . 6 , no one dared to try. They all thought he was just joking. Then he increased the reward. It seemed too good to be true. Finally, one man stepped forward and finished the 7 . Shang Yang 8 his promise and gave him money at once. Soon the news spread 9 . People knew Shang Yang always kept his word. Later, they were ready to follow the 10 . This story tells us that trust matters. Being honest is important. 1．A．made B．saw C．broke D．missed 2．A．She B．He C．They D．It 3．A．agreed B．refused C．decided D．hoped 4．A．boring B．terrible C．good D．bad 5．A．small B．high C．low D．common 6．A．However B．And C．Besides D．Instead 7．A．class B．work C．show D．joke 8．A．kept B．broke C．made D．forgot 9．A．widely B．hardly C．lately D．slowly 10．A．reasons B．stories C．rules D．plans “Trust me,” he told Tian Ji. “I know exactly how you 1 win!” For the first race, Tian Ji put the first-class saddle on his third-class horse. The king’s first-class horse easily 2 against Tian Ji’s third-class horse. For the second race, Sun Bin 3 Tian Ji to put the second-class saddle on his first-class horse. And sure enough, Tian Ji won the second race. His first-class horse was 4 than the king’s second-class horse. Finally, for the third race, Tian Ji’s second-class horse was against the king’s third-class horse. The king was 5 because Tian Ji was the final winner. The king congratulated (祝贺) Tian Ji, but he wanted to know why. “Tian Ji, where did you get such good horses?” he asked. “Your Majesty,” Tian Ji replied, “I did not win because I found great horses. I won because of the idea I used. It was Sun Bin’s 6 , and it worked!” Tian Ji told the king all about how he 7 horses. He explained how Sun Bin knew that even when two opponents (对手)were not matched, a method could be used to 8 losses (失败). In this case, losing only once 9 that Tian Ji was still the final winner. Hearing this, the king immediately made Sun Bin the military adviser for the whole 10 . Sun Bin’s methods and Tian Ji’s leadership led the State of Qi to great military success. 1．A．need B．should C．can D．have to 2．A．followed B．taught C．left D．won 3．A．draw B．told C．described D．refused 4．A．better B．wider C．smaller D．slower 5．A．joyful B．satisfied C．surprised D．mad 6．A．mistake B．thought C．horse D．courage 7．A．shared B．watched C．protected D．chose 8．A．accept B．express C．reduce D．remind 9．A．meant B．obeyed C．picked D．expected 10．A．community B．race C．record D．army 阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 Zu Ti was a great man of Jin Dynasty. His hard work and great achievements made him very 1 . But when he was a child, he was a naughty (顽皮的) boy who showed little 2 in reading. As he grew up, Zu Ti 3 he didn’t have enough knowledge. And he deeply felt that he could not serve his country well. So he made up his mind to study hard. Zu Ti had a 4 friend named Liu Kun. They had a deep friendship. So they stayed together every day. They even slept on one bed every night and 5 at the same time every morning. One day, when they were 6 Zu Ti heard the rooster crowing. An 7 came into his mind. He woke up Liu Kun and said, “How about getting up to play swords (剑)?” Though Liu Kun was still sleepy, he agreed with Zu Ti gladly. From then on, they got up and played swords as soon as the rooster began crowing. They kept their words day after day. They never stopped no matter how 8 it was in winter or hot it was in summer. Besides, they began to study history 9 and put all their energy into reading books. In this way, they learned a great deal of knowledge and made much progress. A few years later, both of them grew up with talents and wisdom. At last, their 10 came true and they made great contributions to their country. This is the Chinese idiom story To Rise with the Rooster. 1．A．ready B．famous C．late D．sorry 2．A．pride B．respect C．interest D．kindness 3．A．realized B．decided C．imagined D．promised 4．A．rich B．busy C．same D．close 5．A．picked up B．got up C．took up D．made up 6．A．fighting B．discussing C．sleeping D．reading 7．A．order B．idea C．exam D．ability 8．A．long B．dry C．cold D．quiet 9．A．carefully B．politely C．probably D．recently 10．A．mistakes B．dreams C．hobbies D．difficulties During the Western Jin Dynasty, there was a man named Zhou Chu. He was taller and 1 than any other man in the village. However, he was impolite and rude. People 2 him because he often hit villagers. At the time, there was a man-eating tiger and a deep water monster (怪物) living nearby. They often caused 3 for the village. People called them two, along with Zhou, the “three evils (害)”. One day, some villagers asked Zhou to help them kill the tiger and the monster. Zhou agreed. After three days of fighting, Zhou 4 killed them. But the villagers thought he was dead during the fight. Before Zhou came back, they celebrated his 5 . After seeing this, Zhou realized how much he was hated and decided to make a 6 . He visited a famous man named Lu Yun. Lu told him, “ 7 one realizes what is good in the morning, he can change his behavior in the evening. Just do what you think is 8 .” From then on, Zhou Chu 9 hitting other people and became a good person. In fact, it’s not easy for us to know our own mistakes, even when they are clear to others. It was good that Zhou was able to make changes. We all make mistakes. But it’s never too late to 10 them. All you need is the courage to accept your mistakes and make an effort to change them. 1．A．older B．stronger C．kinder D．shorter 2．A．feared B．supported C．loved D．missed 3．A．joy B．doubt C．peace D．trouble 4．A．easily B．suddenly C．finally D．exactly 5．A．death B．success C．wisdom D．return 6．A．speech B．change C．wish D．house 7．A．Until B．Unless C．If D．So 8．A．right B．useless C．rude D．bad 9．A．continued B．enjoyed C．suggested D．stopped 10．A．break B．keep C．correct D．believe 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 In ancient China, there was a wise man named Zhuge Liang. He was good at 1 difficulties in smart ways. The use of the “Empty City Strategy” was one of them. One day, Zhuge Liang found himself in a/an 2 situation. Sima Yi’s army was reported being 3 and Zhuge’s support was still far away. Zhuge Liang soon had an idea. He sent his soldiers to West City. Zhuge Liang ordered them to 4 the city gates and sent them to clean the roads. The men couldn’t understand Zhuge Liang’s request, but Zhuge told them not to 5 . Then he had secretly sent many soldiers around for the coming war. Zhuge himself went up the city wall and began to play his favourite music there. However, when Sima Yi’s army arrived and saw the open gates, empty streets, and only a few old soldiers working as cleaners, they 6 and didn’t enter the city. Zhuge told them that the city was empty and he had prepared to welcome the enemy. Sima Yi believed it was a 7 since Zhuge had never taken any unsure plans in his life and he couldn’t be 8 trusted. So, Sima Yi’s army camped miles away outside West City. Later, general Zhao Yun returned to West City. Zhuge Liang sent Zhao to attack the 9 and he went back to his State right away. Sima Yi was again told by his men that West City was empty. When he headed towards West City for the second time, he met Zhao Yun and the hidden soldiers. When he finally learnt what had happened, he realized why he was 10 , and left that area. 1．A．avoiding B．describing C．solving D．winning 2．A．boring B．awful C．strange D．interesting 3．A．bigger B．nearer C．weaker D．smarter 4．A．rebuild B．paint C．clean D．unlock 5．A．worry B．scare C．fight D．shout 6．A．succeeded B．doubted C．reported D．pretended 7．A．trick B．show C．game D．match 8．A．fully B．nearly C．easily D．suddenly 9．A．gate B．heart C．city D．enemy 10．A．told B．killed C．beaten D．caught Modesty (谦逊) is a valuable quality in China and many other cultures. However, the phrase “Mao Sui Recommends Himself” seems to 1 this. During the Warring States Period, the Qin army marched (进军) on Handan, the capital of Zhao. 2 that Handan was in danger, Prince Pingyuan decided to ask the state of Chu for help. He wanted to choose 20 3 people to go with him. However, he could only find 19. Then, a man named Mao Sui volunteered. Prince Pingyuan looked at Mao Sui 4 , “How long have you been here with me?” Three years, Mao Sui answered. “I hear that a person with talent is like an awl (锥子) in a cloth bag. Its sharp 5 will soon pierce 6 the bag. But I haven’t seen any of your achievements for such a long time. Maybe you don’t have any talent,” said Prince Pingyuan. “So please put me into that bag. If you do that, I will pierce through it. But 7 the point—the whole awl.” Mao Sui said 8 . Impressed, Prince Pingyuan accepted Mao Sui. However, as they arrived in Chu, the king was uncertain about 9 Zhao. Mao Sui stood up and walked to him with a sword (剑) in his hand. Then he told the king the reasons and benefits for helping Zhao. The king was shocked and agreed to help. Now the phrase “Mao Sui Recommends Himself” is used to describe someone 10 volunteers to do a task. 1．A．think about B．agree with C．disagree with D．depend on 2．A．Seeing B．Looking C．Listening D．Losing 3．A．hardworking B．talented C．strong D．brave 4．A．in order B．in silence C．in surprise D．in danger 5．A．knife B．scissors C．foot D．point 6．A．out B．through C．in D．on 7．A．only if B．so that C．less than D．not only 8．A．confidently B．patiently C．excitedly D．happily 9．A．helping B．teaching C．watching D．hitting 10．A．who B．how C．what D．which Liang Sicheng is known as the “Father of Modern Chinese Architecture (建筑)”. He studied Western architecture in the US, 1 he was interested in Chinese architecture. After 2 there was a long way to go in protecting and developing Chinese architecture, he returned to China. In the 1930s and 1940s, Liang worked on recording (记录) 3 Chinese buildings and sharing what he had learned. Liang and his wife, Lin Huiyin, 4 over 2,700 historical buildings across China. Recording buildings was not easy. Most of them were in 5 parts of the country and the traffic condition was poor. The couple (夫妻) could only go there on foot or in other ways. However, they never 6 . Their hard work paid off. Liang’s book A History of Chinese Architecture came out. Liang thought that architecture was the 7 of society and the creation of the people. With this in mind, Liang 8 to keep old buildings. In 1950, he worked as one of Beijing’s city planners. Liang set up the Department (系) of Architecture in two universities. This 9 offered young Chinese people a chance to learn architecture. Liang was a pioneer in doing historical research in Chinese architecture with a strong 10 . He protected the priceless buildings of our country. 1．A．and B．but C．so D．or 2．A．ordering B．showing C．warning D．realising 3．A．common B．popular C．ancient D．beautiful 4．A．visited B．missed C．tested D．cleaned 5．A．safe B．important C．natural D．different 6．A．warmed up B．got up C．broke up D．gave up 7．A．hope B．purpose C．symbol D．choice 8．A．stopped B．managed C．refused D．remembered 9．A．truly B．quickly C．nearly D．hardly 10．A．muscle B．imagination C．will D．doubt 阅读下面短文，从各题A、B、C、D中选出能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案。 In the late Spring and Autumn period (时期), in the State of Qi, there was a high officer called Yanzi. He was the most important man in the country, 1 he never looked down on others. He was a kind man and was very polite. One day Yanzi met a tall and strong man called Lv Cheng. Lv was good at driving horses, so Yanzi made him his 2 . Lv Cheng was very happy. He sat proudly at the front, 3 at the four horses to go faster. He shouted at people to get out of his 4 . He felt very pleased with himself. When Lv 5 home that evening, his wife was unhappy. “I’m going to leave you,” she said. Lv was 6 and asked why. She said, “Yanzi is a very important man in our country, but he isn’t proud. He is 7 quiet and gentle (温和的). But you shout at the horses and you are 8 to people. You think you are as important as Yanzi, but you are only his driver. That is 9 I have decided to leave.” What a shame for Lv! From then on, he started to act well. Soon Yanzi noticed his 10 . After he knew what had happened, he decided to make Lv a high officer in the State of Qi. 1．A．after B．so C．but D．or 2．A．guide B．ruler C．cook D．driver 3．A．looking B．shouting C．laughing D．knocking 4．A．way B．place C．room D．seat 5．A．searched B．left C．returned D．missed 6．A．surprised B．bored C．interested D．excited 7．A．sometimes B．always C．hardly D．never 8．A．rude B．useless C．helpful D．polite 9．A．what B．when C．how D．why 10．A．dream B．plan C．change D．hobby ◇考点 02 重难语篇提升练 Long ago, the army of Qi invaded (入侵) the State of Lu. Duke Zhuang of Lu was about to fight. A man named Cao Gui asked to see the duke. One of Cao Gui’s fellow villagers said, “The high officials are already 1 it. Why should you get involved (参与)?” Cao Gui replied, “Those officials do not take the long view.” When he met the duke, Cao Gui asked, “What gives you the 2 to fight this battle?” The duke said, “I do not keep food and clothing only for 3 . I share them with others.” Cao Gui replied, “Such small favors cannot reach all the people. They are not enough to win their 4 support.” The duke said again, “In sacrifices (祭祀) I always follow the proper rules and act sincerely.” Cao Gui answered, “That sincerity is not enough. The spirits (神灵) will not bless you for that.” The duke then said, “In legal cases (诉讼案件), 5 large or small, I always judge according to the real situation.” Cao Gui said, “That shows 6 . On that basis you may fight. Please allow me to go with you.” The duke agreed. The battle took place at Changshao. When the duke was about to order the attack, Cao Gui said, “Not yet.” After the Qi army had beaten their drums three times, he said, “Now.” Qi’s army was defeated. The duke wanted to chase them 7 , but Cao Gui again said, “Not yet.” After checking their chariot tracks (车辙) and flags, he said, “Now pursue.” Later, the duke asked Cao Gui why he had acted that way. “In fighting,” was the reply, “everything depends on the soldiers’ 8 . At the first drumbeat, they are at their 9 . The second 10 it. By the third, they are already exhausted. That was the perfect time for our attack.” “But a state as powerful as Qi might have set up a trap. Therefore, I looked at the tracks left by their wheels and found them all confused. Then I looked at their flags and saw that they were hanging down. Only then did I give the order to pursue them.” 1．A．asking for B．discussing about C．fighting against D．getting into 2．A．confidence B．purpose C．chance D．promise 3．A．yourself B．itself C．myself D．themselves 4．A．final B．special C．full D．quick 5．A．if B．when C．whether D．instead 6．A．care B．courage C．honesty D．fairness 7．A．completely B．secretly C．surprisingly D．immediately 8．A．spirit B．teamwork C．strength D．training 9．A．fastest B．bravest C．strongest D．loudest 10．A．raises B．keeps C．breaks D．weakens During the Tang Dynasty (朝代) , there was an officer in Yunnan who wanted to show his respect for the emperor Taizong, so he sent a man named Mian Bogao to bring some gifts to the emperor. One of the 1 was a beautiful white swan. Mian had to travel from Yunnan to Chang’an. It was a long way. He took good care of the swan 2 it was a very important gift at that time. He kept it in a cage to make sure that it didn’t fly away. One day, Mian passed by a river and drank some water, 3 he decided to feed some water to the swan. But when he came close to the cage, he found the swan became very 4 during the trip. Its beautiful feathers weren’t 5 anymore. Mian carefully let it out of the cage. He brought it over to the river, so he could quickly wash it. However, as soon as he finished washing the swan, it flew away. Mian tried to 6 the swan, but only got a feather. He was very worried. However, he didn’t run away. Instead, he decided to tell the emperor 7 happened. So he kept going on his trip. When Mian finally 8 in Chang’an, he met Emperor Taizong and showed him the feather. Everyone was shocked. Mian told the emperor the whole story and said: “The swan feather is 9 but it carries the deep respect for you.” Emperor Taizong was happy with Mian’s 10 and rewarded him. Today, people use the story to show that a good gift doesn’t have to be expensive. What matters is the love it carries. 1．A．gifts B．animals C．thanks D．promises 2．A．also B．instead C．because D．although 3．A．then B．therefore C．meanwhile D．however 4．A．dirty B．clean C．tidy D．cute 5．A．black B．white C．green D．colorful 6．A．touch B．reach C．watch D．catch 7．A．which B．where C．what D．that 8．A．left B．returned C．arrived D．reached 9．A．heavy B．light C．strange D．silent 10．A．patience B．appearance C．creativity D．honesty 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Great ideas 单元话题完形填空练习 单元话题：历史人物 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 聚焦基础，巩固自我 重难语篇提升练 专注提升，挑战自我 ◇考点 01 基础语篇巩固练 In ancient Qin, there was a wise official named Shang Yang. He 1 many new rules to improve the country. 2 encouraged farming and gave prizes to soldiers who fought bravely. At first, the local people did not believe in him, so they 3 to follow his new rules. To win people’s trust, Shang Yang came up with a 4 plan. He put a wooden stick at the south gate of the capital. Many people gathered there to watch. He said to the crowd, “If anyone moves this stick to the north gate, he will get 10 gold coins.” The work was easy, but the reward was 5 . 6 , no one dared to try. They all thought he was just joking. Then he increased the reward. It seemed too good to be true. Finally, one man stepped forward and finished the 7 . Shang Yang 8 his promise and gave him money at once. Soon the news spread 9 . People knew Shang Yang always kept his word. Later, they were ready to follow the 10 . This story tells us that trust matters. Being honest is important. 1．A．made B．saw C．broke D．missed 2．A．She B．He C．They D．It 3．A．agreed B．refused C．decided D．hoped 4．A．boring B．terrible C．good D．bad 5．A．small B．high C．low D．common 6．A．However B．And C．Besides D．Instead 7．A．class B．work C．show D．joke 8．A．kept B．broke C．made D．forgot 9．A．widely B．hardly C．lately D．slowly 10．A．reasons B．stories C．rules D．plans 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了商鞅为取信于民，通过“徙木立信”的故事赢得了百姓的信任，从而顺利推行新法的历史典故。 1．句意：他制定了许多新规章来改善国家。 根据“rules”可知，为了促进国家发展，应该是制定新规章。made意为“制定”，make rules是固定搭配，意为“制定规章”。 2．句意：他鼓励农耕，并给勇敢作战的士兵奖励。 本句主语仍是上一句中的“Shang Yang”，应用代词he指代。 3．句意：起初，当地人民不信任他，所以他们拒绝遵守他的新规章。 由于不信任，人们“拒绝”执行新规章。refused意为“拒绝”，符合语境。 4．句意：为了赢得人民的信任，商鞅想出了一个好计划。 后文描述的“立木取信”是一个成功的“计划”或“策略”，且从结果来看是有效的。good意为“好的”，符合策略奏效的语境。 5．句意：这项工作很容易，但赏金很高。 but表示转折，容易的工作却给很高的赏金，以此形成强烈反差来吸引人们的注意。high意为“高的”，与easy形成对比，符合转折的语境。 6．句意，所以没有人敢尝试。 虽然赏金高，人们仍因不敢相信而不敢尝试，前后为转折关系。However意为“然而”，表示转折，符合逻辑。 7．句意：最后，有一个人走上前来，完成了这项工作。 前文提到“The work was easy”，所以指一个人站出来完成了“搬木头”这个任务。work意为“工作/任务”，指代搬木头这件事。 8．句意：商鞅履行了他的诺言，立刻把钱给了他。 后文提到“gave him money at once”，所以商鞅履行了他的诺言。keep one’s promise是固定搭配，意为“信守承诺”。 9．句意：很快消息就广泛传开了。 后文提到“People knew Shang Yang always kept his word”，所以很快消息就广泛传开了。widely意为“广泛地”，符合消息传开的语境。 10．句意：后来，人们都准备好遵守这些规章了。 此处指前文提到的新规章“new rules”，rules意为“规章/法令”，符合语境。 “Trust me,” he told Tian Ji. “I know exactly how you 1 win!” For the first race, Tian Ji put the first-class saddle on his third-class horse. The king’s first-class horse easily 2 against Tian Ji’s third-class horse. For the second race, Sun Bin 3 Tian Ji to put the second-class saddle on his first-class horse. And sure enough, Tian Ji won the second race. His first-class horse was 4 than the king’s second-class horse. Finally, for the third race, Tian Ji’s second-class horse was against the king’s third-class horse. The king was 5 because Tian Ji was the final winner. The king congratulated (祝贺) Tian Ji, but he wanted to know why. “Tian Ji, where did you get such good horses?” he asked. “Your Majesty,” Tian Ji replied, “I did not win because I found great horses. I won because of the idea I used. It was Sun Bin’s 6 , and it worked!” Tian Ji told the king all about how he 7 horses. He explained how Sun Bin knew that even when two opponents (对手)were not matched, a method could be used to 8 losses (失败). In this case, losing only once 9 that Tian Ji was still the final winner. Hearing this, the king immediately made Sun Bin the military adviser for the whole 10 . Sun Bin’s methods and Tian Ji’s leadership led the State of Qi to great military success. 1．A．need B．should C．can D．have to 2．A．followed B．taught C．left D．won 3．A．draw B．told C．described D．refused 4．A．better B．wider C．smaller D．slower 5．A．joyful B．satisfied C．surprised D．mad 6．A．mistake B．thought C．horse D．courage 7．A．shared B．watched C．protected D．chose 8．A．accept B．express C．reduce D．remind 9．A．meant B．obeyed C．picked D．expected 10．A．community B．race C．record D．army 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了在孙膑策略的指导下田忌赛马的故事，最终田忌成为赢家。 1．句意：我完全知道你怎样才能赢！ need需要；should应该；can能；have to不得不。根据“I know exactly how you...win!”可知，此处表示知道怎样才能赢，用can。故选C。 2．句意：国王的一等马轻易地赢了田忌的三等马。 followed跟随；taught教；left离开；won赢。根据“The king’s first-class horse easily…against Tian Ji’s third-class horse.”以及常识可知，应该说一等马赢了田忌的三等马，用won。故选D。 3．句意：第二场比赛，孙膑告诉田忌把二等马的马鞍放在他的一等马上。 draw画；told告诉；described描述；refused拒绝。根据“For the second race, Sun Bin...Tian Ji to put the second-class horse on his first-class horse.”可知，孙膑告诉田忌怎么做，用told。故选B。 4．句意：他的一等马比国王的二等马好。 better更好的；wider更宽的；smaller更小的；slower更慢的。根据“And sure enough, Tian Ji won the second race.”可知，田忌赢了第二场比赛，说明他的一等马比国王的二等马好，用better。故选A。 5．句意：国王很惊讶，因为田忌是最后的赢家。 joyful快乐的；satisfied满意的；surprised惊讶的；mad疯狂的。根据“because Tian Ji was the final winner.”可知，国王没想到田忌会赢，所以很惊讶，用surprised。故选C。 6．句意：这是孙膑的想法，它奏效了！ mistake错误；thought想法；horse马；courage勇气。根据“I won because of the idea I used.”可知，此处指孙膑的想法，用thought。故选B。 7．句意：田忌告诉国王他是如何选择马的。 shared分享；watched观看；protected保护；chose选择。根据“Tian Ji told the king all about how he...horses.”以及后文内容可知，田忌告诉国王他是如何选择马的，用chose。故选D。 8．句意：他解释了孙膑是如何知道，即使两个对手不匹配，也可以用一种方法来减少失败。 accept接受；express表达；reduce减少；remind提醒。根据“a method could be used to...losses (失败)”可知，此处指减少失败，用reduce。故选C。 9．句意：在这种情况下，只输一次意味着田忌仍然是最后的赢家。 meant意味着；obeyed遵守；picked挑选；expected期待。根据“losing only once...that Tian Ji was still the final winner.”可知，只输一次意味着田忌仍然是最后的赢家，用meant。故选A。 10．句意：听到这些，国王立即任命孙膑为全军军事顾问。 community社区；race比赛；record记录；army军队。根据“the king immediately made Sun Bin the military adviser for the whole...”可知，孙膑成为军事顾问，所以是和军队有关，用army。故选D。 阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 Zu Ti was a great man of Jin Dynasty. His hard work and great achievements made him very 1 . But when he was a child, he was a naughty (顽皮的) boy who showed little 2 in reading. As he grew up, Zu Ti 3 he didn’t have enough knowledge. And he deeply felt that he could not serve his country well. So he made up his mind to study hard. Zu Ti had a 4 friend named Liu Kun. They had a deep friendship. So they stayed together every day. They even slept on one bed every night and 5 at the same time every morning. One day, when they were 6 Zu Ti heard the rooster crowing. An 7 came into his mind. He woke up Liu Kun and said, “How about getting up to play swords (剑)?” Though Liu Kun was still sleepy, he agreed with Zu Ti gladly. From then on, they got up and played swords as soon as the rooster began crowing. They kept their words day after day. They never stopped no matter how 8 it was in winter or hot it was in summer. Besides, they began to study history 9 and put all their energy into reading books. In this way, they learned a great deal of knowledge and made much progress. A few years later, both of them grew up with talents and wisdom. At last, their 10 came true and they made great contributions to their country. This is the Chinese idiom story To Rise with the Rooster. 1．A．ready B．famous C．late D．sorry 2．A．pride B．respect C．interest D．kindness 3．A．realized B．decided C．imagined D．promised 4．A．rich B．busy C．same D．close 5．A．picked up B．got up C．took up D．made up 6．A．fighting B．discussing C．sleeping D．reading 7．A．order B．idea C．exam D．ability 8．A．long B．dry C．cold D．quiet 9．A．carefully B．politely C．probably D．recently 10．A．mistakes B．dreams C．hobbies D．difficulties 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了祖逖和刘琨闻鸡起舞的故事。 1．句意：他的辛勤工作和巨大成就使他非常出名。 ready准备好的；famous出名的；late迟到的；sorry抱歉的。根据“His hard work and great achievements made him very”可知，他的辛勤工作和巨大成就使他非常出名。故选B。 2．句意：但当他还是个孩子的时候，他是一个顽皮的男孩，对阅读几乎没有什么兴趣。 pride骄傲；respect尊敬；interest兴趣；kindness善意。根据下文“he didn’t have enough knowledge.”可知，他对阅读没有什么兴趣，所以知识匮乏。故选C。 3．句意：当祖逖长大后，他意识到他没有足够的知识。 realized意识到；decided决定；imagined想象；promised承诺。根据下文“So he made up his mind to study hard.”可知，他要努力学习，说明他意识到了自己的不足之处。故选A。 4．句意：祖逖有个亲密的朋友，名叫刘琨。 rich富有的；busy忙碌的；same同样的；close亲密的。根据“They had a deep friendship.”可知，此处指亲密的朋友。故选D。 5．句意：他们甚至每天晚上睡在一张床上，并且每天早上同时起床。 picked up捡起；got up起床；took up从事；made up编造。根据“at the same time every morning”可知，是指早上起床。故选B。 6．句意：一天，当他们正在睡觉时，祖逖听到公鸡打鸣。 fighting打架；discussing讨论；sleeping睡觉；reading阅读。根据“He woke up Liu Kun”可知，此处表示睡觉的时候听到了公鸡打鸣。故选C。 7．句意：他想到了一个主意。 order顺序；idea主意；exam考试；ability能力。根据“How about getting up to play swords (剑)”可知，这是他想到的主意。故选B。 8．句意：无论冬天多冷，夏天多热，他们从不放弃。 long长的；dry干燥的；cold冷的；quiet安静的。根据“in winter”可知，是在冬天，因此是很冷的。故选C。 9．句意：此外，他们开始认真学习历史，并把所有的精力放在读书上。 carefully认真地；politely礼貌地；probably大概；recently最近。根据“put all their energy into reading books”可知，他们认真学习历史。故选A。 10．句意：最后，他们的梦想实现了，而且他们为他们的国家做出了巨大的贡献。 mistakes错误；dreams梦想；hobbies爱好；difficulties困难。根据“came true”可知，此处指实现梦想。故选B。 During the Western Jin Dynasty, there was a man named Zhou Chu. He was taller and 1 than any other man in the village. However, he was impolite and rude. People 2 him because he often hit villagers. At the time, there was a man-eating tiger and a deep water monster (怪物) living nearby. They often caused 3 for the village. People called them two, along with Zhou, the “three evils (害)”. One day, some villagers asked Zhou to help them kill the tiger and the monster. Zhou agreed. After three days of fighting, Zhou 4 killed them. But the villagers thought he was dead during the fight. Before Zhou came back, they celebrated his 5 . After seeing this, Zhou realized how much he was hated and decided to make a 6 . He visited a famous man named Lu Yun. Lu told him, “ 7 one realizes what is good in the morning, he can change his behavior in the evening. Just do what you think is 8 .” From then on, Zhou Chu 9 hitting other people and became a good person. In fact, it’s not easy for us to know our own mistakes, even when they are clear to others. It was good that Zhou was able to make changes. We all make mistakes. But it’s never too late to 10 them. All you need is the courage to accept your mistakes and make an effort to change them. 1．A．older B．stronger C．kinder D．shorter 2．A．feared B．supported C．loved D．missed 3．A．joy B．doubt C．peace D．trouble 4．A．easily B．suddenly C．finally D．exactly 5．A．death B．success C．wisdom D．return 6．A．speech B．change C．wish D．house 7．A．Until B．Unless C．If D．So 8．A．right B．useless C．rude D．bad 9．A．continued B．enjoyed C．suggested D．stopped 10．A．break B．keep C．correct D．believe 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了周处除三害的故事。 1．句意：他比村里其他人都更高大强壮。 older更年长的；stronger更强壮的；kinder更善良的；shorter更矮的。与“taller”并列的身体特征，应是“更强壮的”。故选B。 2．句意：人们害怕他因为他常打村民。 feared害怕；supported支持；loved喜爱；missed想念。根据“because he often hit villagers”可知经常打村民，人们害怕他。故选A。 3．句意：它们常给村里制造麻烦。 joy喜悦；doubt怀疑；peace和平；trouble麻烦。根据“People called them two, along with Zhou, the ‘three evils (害)’.”可知是有害的事情，应是制造麻烦。故选D。 4．句意：经过三天搏斗，周最终杀死它们。 easily容易地；suddenly突然；finally最终；exactly精确地。根据“After three days of fighting”可知经过漫长搏斗，最终杀死它们。故选C。 5．句意：在周回来之前，他们庆祝了他的死亡。 death死亡；success成功；wisdom智慧；return返回。根据“But the villagers thought he was dead during the fight.”可知以为周处死了，庆祝他的死亡。故选A。 6．句意：看到这些，周意识到他是多么的被讨厌，并决定做出改变。 speech演讲；change改变；wish愿望；house房屋。根据“From then on, Zhou Chu ... hitting other people and became a good person.”可知决定作出改变。故选B。 7．句意：如果早上明白道理，晚上就能改变行为。 Until直到；Unless除非；If如果；So所以。“one realizes what is good in the morning”是改变行为的肯定条件，用If引导条件状语从句。故选C。 8．句意：做你认为正确的事。 right正确的；useless无用的；rude粗鲁的；bad坏的。根据“became a good person”可知是劝周处做自己认为正确的事情。故选A。 9．句意：从那以后，周处不再打人，变成了一个好人。 continued继续；enjoyed享受；suggested建议；stopped停止。根据“became a good person”可知停止打人，用stopped。故选D。 10．句意：但纠正这些错误永远不会太迟。 break打破；keep保持；correct改正；believe相信。与“mistakes”搭配，此处表示纠正错误。故选C。 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 In ancient China, there was a wise man named Zhuge Liang. He was good at 1 difficulties in smart ways. The use of the “Empty City Strategy” was one of them. One day, Zhuge Liang found himself in a/an 2 situation. Sima Yi’s army was reported being 3 and Zhuge’s support was still far away. Zhuge Liang soon had an idea. He sent his soldiers to West City. Zhuge Liang ordered them to 4 the city gates and sent them to clean the roads. The men couldn’t understand Zhuge Liang’s request, but Zhuge told them not to 5 . Then he had secretly sent many soldiers around for the coming war. Zhuge himself went up the city wall and began to play his favourite music there. However, when Sima Yi’s army arrived and saw the open gates, empty streets, and only a few old soldiers working as cleaners, they 6 and didn’t enter the city. Zhuge told them that the city was empty and he had prepared to welcome the enemy. Sima Yi believed it was a 7 since Zhuge had never taken any unsure plans in his life and he couldn’t be 8 trusted. So, Sima Yi’s army camped miles away outside West City. Later, general Zhao Yun returned to West City. Zhuge Liang sent Zhao to attack the 9 and he went back to his State right away. Sima Yi was again told by his men that West City was empty. When he headed towards West City for the second time, he met Zhao Yun and the hidden soldiers. When he finally learnt what had happened, he realized why he was 10 , and left that area. 1．A．avoiding B．describing C．solving D．winning 2．A．boring B．awful C．strange D．interesting 3．A．bigger B．nearer C．weaker D．smarter 4．A．rebuild B．paint C．clean D．unlock 5．A．worry B．scare C．fight D．shout 6．A．succeeded B．doubted C．reported D．pretended 7．A．trick B．show C．game D．match 8．A．fully B．nearly C．easily D．suddenly 9．A．gate B．heart C．city D．enemy 10．A．told B．killed C．beaten D．caught 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了“空城计”这一故事。 1．句意：他善于用巧妙的方法解决困难。 avoiding避免；describing描述；solving解决；winning获胜。根据下文“The use of the ‘Empty City Strategy’ was one of them.”可知，“空城计”就是使用巧妙的方法解决困难的例子，所以此处是指解决困难。故选C。 2．句意：一天，诸葛亮发现自己陷入了困境。 boring无聊的；awful糟糕的；strange奇怪的；interesting有趣的。根据下文“Zhuge’s support was still far away”和“Sima Yi’s army arrived”可知，司马懿的军队到了，而自己的援军还很远，所以此处是指诸葛亮处境很糟糕。故选B。 3．句意：据说司马懿的军队更近了，诸葛亮的援军还很远。 bigger更大的；nearer更近的；weaker更弱的；smarter更聪明的。根据“Zhuge’s support was still far away”可知，诸葛亮处境糟糕，援军还很远，所以此处是指司马懿的军队更近了。故选B。 4．句意：诸葛亮命令他们打开城门，并派他们去清扫道路。 rebuild重建；paint绘画；clean打扫；unlock开启。根据下文“when Sima Yi’s army arrived and saw the open gates”可知，司马懿的军队到了，看到城门是开着的，所以此处是指诸葛亮让人打开了城门。故选D。 5．句意：众人不明白诸葛亮的要求，诸葛亮叫他们不用担心。 worry担心；scare吓唬；fight打架；shout大叫。根据下文“Then he had secretly sent many soldiers around for the coming war.”可知，诸葛亮秘密地派了许多士兵来参加即将到来的战争，所以此处是指诸葛亮告诉他们不要担心。故选A。 6．句意：然而，当司马懿的军队到达时，看到大门敞开，街道空无一人，只有几个做清洁工的老兵，他们怀疑，没有进入城市。 succeeded成功的；doubted怀疑；reported报道；pretended假装。根据下文“didn’t enter the city”可知，军队没有进城，说明他们怀疑目前的状况。故选B。 7．句意：司马懿认为这是一个诡计，因为诸葛一生没有做过什么不确定的计划，他的话不能轻易相信。 trick诡计；show演出；game游戏；match比赛。根据“since Zhuge had never taken any unsure plans in his life”可知，因为诸葛一生中从来没有做过不确定的计划，所以司马懿认为这是一个诡计。故选A。 8．句意：司马懿认为这是一个诡计，因为诸葛一生没有做过什么不确定的计划，他的话不能轻易相信。 fully完全地；nearly几乎；easily容易地；suddenly突然地。根据“since Zhuge had never taken any unsure plans in his life”可知，因为诸葛一生中从来没有做过不确定的计划，所以此处是指不要轻易信任他的话。故选C。 9．句意：诸葛亮派赵云去攻打敌人，并且他马上就回了自己的国家。 gate大门；heart心；city城市；enemy敌人。根据下文“When he headed towards West City for the second time, he met Zhao Yun and the hidden soldiers.”可知，当司马懿第二次前往西城时，他遇到了赵云和隐藏的士兵；所以此处是指诸葛亮派赵云去攻打敌人，也就是司马懿及其军队。故选D。 10．句意：当他最终知道发生了什么时，他意识到自己为什么被打败了，于是离开了那个地区。 told告诉；killed杀死；beaten打败；caught抓住。根据上文“he met Zhao Yun and the hidden soldiers”和下文“left that area”可知，司马懿遇到了赵云和隐藏的士兵，然后离开了那个地区，说明他被打败了。故选C。 Modesty (谦逊) is a valuable quality in China and many other cultures. However, the phrase “Mao Sui Recommends Himself” seems to 1 this. During the Warring States Period, the Qin army marched (进军) on Handan, the capital of Zhao. 2 that Handan was in danger, Prince Pingyuan decided to ask the state of Chu for help. He wanted to choose 20 3 people to go with him. However, he could only find 19. Then, a man named Mao Sui volunteered. Prince Pingyuan looked at Mao Sui 4 , “How long have you been here with me?” Three years, Mao Sui answered. “I hear that a person with talent is like an awl (锥子) in a cloth bag. Its sharp 5 will soon pierce 6 the bag. But I haven’t seen any of your achievements for such a long time. Maybe you don’t have any talent,” said Prince Pingyuan. “So please put me into that bag. If you do that, I will pierce through it. But 7 the point—the whole awl.” Mao Sui said 8 . Impressed, Prince Pingyuan accepted Mao Sui. However, as they arrived in Chu, the king was uncertain about 9 Zhao. Mao Sui stood up and walked to him with a sword (剑) in his hand. Then he told the king the reasons and benefits for helping Zhao. The king was shocked and agreed to help. Now the phrase “Mao Sui Recommends Himself” is used to describe someone 10 volunteers to do a task. 1．A．think about B．agree with C．disagree with D．depend on 2．A．Seeing B．Looking C．Listening D．Losing 3．A．hardworking B．talented C．strong D．brave 4．A．in order B．in silence C．in surprise D．in danger 5．A．knife B．scissors C．foot D．point 6．A．out B．through C．in D．on 7．A．only if B．so that C．less than D．not only 8．A．confidently B．patiently C．excitedly D．happily 9．A．helping B．teaching C．watching D．hitting 10．A．who B．how C．what D．which 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．D 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了战国时期“毛遂自荐”的典故：秦军进攻赵国邯郸，平原君选20位有才能的人出使楚国求助却差1人，毛遂主动请缨，以锥子自喻说服平原君同行，最终在楚国以胆识劝服楚王出兵相助，“毛遂自荐”也成为主动担责的代称。 1．句意：谦逊在中国及许多文化中是宝贵品质，但“毛遂自荐”这个短语似乎与这一点相悖。 think about考虑；agree with同意；disagree with与……不符；depend on依靠。根据“However（表转折）”可知，“毛遂自荐”和“谦逊”的理念相反，“disagree with”符合语境。故选C。 2．句意：看到邯郸处境危险，平原君决定向楚国求助。 Seeing看到（强调结果）；Looking看（强调动作，后需接 at）；Listening听（后需接 to）；Losing失去。此处描述平原君意识到邯郸的危险，“Seeing”符合语境。故选A。 3．句意：他想选 20 个有才能的人随行。 hardworking勤奋的；talented有才能的；strong强壮的；brave勇敢的。根据后文“a person with talent（有才能的人）”的提示，此处强调“有才能”，“talented”符合语境。故选B。 4．句意：平原君惊讶地看着毛遂：“你跟我多久了？” in order有序；in silence沉默地；in surprise惊讶地；in danger处于危险中。毛遂主动请缨，平原君此前未关注过他，因此是“惊讶地”询问，“in surprise”符合语境。故选C。 5．句意：它锋利的尖端很快会刺破布袋。 knife刀；scissors剪刀；foot脚；point尖端。根据“awl（锥子）”的特征，其锋利部分是“尖端”，“point”符合语境。故选D。 6．句意：它锋利的尖端很快会刺破布袋。 out外出；through穿过；in在里面；on在上面。pierce through是固定搭配，意为“刺穿”。此处描述锥子刺破布袋，“through”符合搭配。故选B。 7．句意：但我不仅会刺破布袋——还会露出整个锥子。 only if只有；so that以便；less than少于；not only不仅。根据“the whole awl”以及可知，此处是递进关系，“not only”符合语境。故选D。 8．句意：毛遂自信地说。 confidently自信地；patiently耐心地；excitedly兴奋地；happily开心地。毛遂主动自荐并反驳质疑，语气是“自信的”，“confidently”符合语境。故选A。 9．句意：然而，当他们抵达楚国时，楚王对帮助赵国犹豫不决。 helping帮助；teaching教；watching观看；hitting击打。根据前文“ask the state of Chu for help”可知，此行目的是请求楚国“帮助”赵国，“helping”符合语境。故选A。 10．句意：如今“毛遂自荐”用来描述主动承担任务的人。 who谁（引导定语从句，先行词为人）；how如何；what什么；which哪一个（引导定语从句，先行词为物）。此处是定语从句，先行词是“someone（人）”，关系代词用“who”。故选A。 Liang Sicheng is known as the “Father of Modern Chinese Architecture (建筑)”. He studied Western architecture in the US, 1 he was interested in Chinese architecture. After 2 there was a long way to go in protecting and developing Chinese architecture, he returned to China. In the 1930s and 1940s, Liang worked on recording (记录) 3 Chinese buildings and sharing what he had learned. Liang and his wife, Lin Huiyin, 4 over 2,700 historical buildings across China. Recording buildings was not easy. Most of them were in 5 parts of the country and the traffic condition was poor. The couple (夫妻) could only go there on foot or in other ways. However, they never 6 . Their hard work paid off. Liang’s book A History of Chinese Architecture came out. Liang thought that architecture was the 7 of society and the creation of the people. With this in mind, Liang 8 to keep old buildings. In 1950, he worked as one of Beijing’s city planners. Liang set up the Department (系) of Architecture in two universities. This 9 offered young Chinese people a chance to learn architecture. Liang was a pioneer in doing historical research in Chinese architecture with a strong 10 . He protected the priceless buildings of our country. 1．A．and B．but C．so D．or 2．A．ordering B．showing C．warning D．realising 3．A．common B．popular C．ancient D．beautiful 4．A．visited B．missed C．tested D．cleaned 5．A．safe B．important C．natural D．different 6．A．warmed up B．got up C．broke up D．gave up 7．A．hope B．purpose C．symbol D．choice 8．A．stopped B．managed C．refused D．remembered 9．A．truly B．quickly C．nearly D．hardly 10．A．muscle B．imagination C．will D．doubt 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文介绍了梁思成在现代中国建筑领域的核心贡献。 1．句意：他在美国学习西方建筑，但他对中国建筑感兴趣。 and和；but但是；so因此；or或者。根据“He studied Western architecture in the US”和“he was interested in Chinese architecture”之间的关系可知，需用表转折连词“but”，选项B符合题意。故选B。 2．句意：在意识到为保护和发展中国建筑事业还有很长的路要走之后，他回到了中国。 ordering命令；showing展示；warning警告；realising意识到。根据“there was a long way to...he returned to China”可知，梁思成认识到保护和发展中国建筑事业任重道远，他因此回到中国，选项D的“realising”符合题意。故选D。 3．句意：在 20 世纪30 年代和40 年代，梁思成致力于记录中国古代建筑，并分享他所学到的知识。 common平常的；popular流行的；ancient古代的；beautiful美丽的。根据后面的“Liang and his wife...over 2700 historical buildings across China.”可知，他们研究的是中国古建筑，选项C的“ancient”符合题意。故选C。 4．句意：梁和他的妻子林徽因参观了中国超过 2700 座历史建筑。 visited参观；missed想念；tested测试；cleaned清洁。根据“Recording buildings was not easy.”可知，他们是在考查记录这些历史建筑，选项A的“visited”符合题意。故选A。 5．句意：大多数的建筑都在中国不同地方，交通条件很差。 safe安全的；important重要的；natural自然的；different不同的。根据“Liang and his wife...over 2700 historical buildings across China.”可知，中国古建筑很多，分布在不同地方，选项D的“不同的”符合题意。故选D。 6．句意：但是，他们从未放弃。 warmed up热身；got up起床；broke up分手；  gave up放弃。根据“Their hard work paid off.”可知，他们努力有回报，那他们没有放弃，选项D的“gave up”符合题意。故选D。 7．句意：梁认为建筑是社会的象征，也是人民的创造物。 hope希望；purpose目的；symbol标志；choice选择。根据实际可知，建筑能反映特定社会的文化、经济、技术水平及价值观，是社会风貌的直观体现，选项C的“symbol”符合题意。故选C。 8．句意：考虑到这一点，梁设法保护老建筑。 stopped停止；managed设法做到；refused拒绝；remembered记得。根据“with this in mind”可知，梁思成认可老建筑的价值，那他会设法保护老建筑，“manage to do sth.”意为“设法做某事”，选项B的“managed”符合题意。故选B。 9．句意：这真正为中国年轻人提供了学习建筑学的机会。 truly真正地；quickly快速地；nearly几乎；hardly几乎不。根据“Liang set up the Department of Architecture in two universities.”可知，他建立了两所大学的建筑系，这真正为中国年轻人提供学习建筑的机会，选项A的“truly”符合题意。故选A。 10．句意：梁凭借坚定的意志，成为中国建筑历史研究领域的先驱。 muscle肌肉；imagination想象力；will意志；doubt怀疑。通读全文可知梁思成克服困难，为中国建筑发展做出了很大的贡献，这说明他拥有坚定的意志力，选项C的“will”符合题意。故选C。 阅读下面短文，从各题A、B、C、D中选出能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案。 In the late Spring and Autumn period (时期), in the State of Qi, there was a high officer called Yanzi. He was the most important man in the country, 1 he never looked down on others. He was a kind man and was very polite. One day Yanzi met a tall and strong man called Lv Cheng. Lv was good at driving horses, so Yanzi made him his 2 . Lv Cheng was very happy. He sat proudly at the front, 3 at the four horses to go faster. He shouted at people to get out of his 4 . He felt very pleased with himself. When Lv 5 home that evening, his wife was unhappy. “I’m going to leave you,” she said. Lv was 6 and asked why. She said, “Yanzi is a very important man in our country, but he isn’t proud. He is 7 quiet and gentle (温和的). But you shout at the horses and you are 8 to people. You think you are as important as Yanzi, but you are only his driver. That is 9 I have decided to leave.” What a shame for Lv! From then on, he started to act well. Soon Yanzi noticed his 10 . After he knew what had happened, he decided to make Lv a high officer in the State of Qi. 1．A．after B．so C．but D．or 2．A．guide B．ruler C．cook D．driver 3．A．looking B．shouting C．laughing D．knocking 4．A．way B．place C．room D．seat 5．A．searched B．left C．returned D．missed 6．A．surprised B．bored C．interested D．excited 7．A．sometimes B．always C．hardly D．never 8．A．rude B．useless C．helpful D．polite 9．A．what B．when C．how D．why 10．A．dream B．plan C．change D．hobby 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了春秋时期齐国名相晏子和他的车夫吕成的故事，吕成的妻子通过对比晏子的谦逊和吕成的傲慢，促使吕成改过自新，最终吕成也因这一改变得到了晏子的重用。 1．句意：他是齐国最重要的人，但他从不看不起别人。 根据空前“He was the most important man in the country”与空后“he never looked down on others”可知，前后句意存在转折逻辑，应用but“但是”。so“所以”，or“或者”，均不符合语境。 2．句意：吕成擅长驾车，所以晏子让他当自己的司机。 根据前句“Lv was good at driving horses”可知，晏子让擅长驾马的吕成担任特定职务，应用driver“司机，马夫”。guide“向导”，cook“厨师”，均不符合语境。 3．句意：他骄傲地坐在前面，对着四匹马大喊让它们跑得更快。 根据后句“He shouted at people to get out of his…”中出现的动词shouted可知，吕成在驾车时一直在大声喊叫，应用shouting“喊叫”。looking“看”，laughing“笑”，均不符合其傲慢无礼的表现。 4．句意： 他对人们大喊，让他们给他让路。 根据空前“He shouted at people to get out of his…”可知，get out of one’s way表示“给某人让路”，此处是吕成对人们大喊，要求人们避让，应用way“道路”。place“地方”，seat“座位”，均不符合固定搭配。 5．句意：那天晚上吕成回家时，他的妻子很不高兴。 根据空后“home that evening”可知，吕成在那天傍晚回到了家里，应用returned“回来，返回”。left“离开”，missed“错过”，均不符合语境。 6．句意：吕成很惊讶，问为什么。 根据前句妻子说“I’m going to leave you”可知，吕成对妻子突然要离家感到意外，应用surprised“感到惊讶的”。bored“感到无聊的”，excited“感到兴奋的”，均不符合语意。 7．句意：“他总是安静又温和。” 根据第一段描述晏子“He was a kind man and was very polite”可知，晏子一向待人温和，应用always“总是”。hardly“几乎不”，never“从不”，均不符合事实。 8．句意：但你对着马大喊，还对人们很粗鲁。 根据前句“you shout at the horses”以及对比晏子的温和可知，吕成对待他人的态度极其恶劣，应用rude“无礼的，粗鲁的”。helpful“有帮助的”，polite“礼貌的”，均不符合语境。 9．句意：“这就是我决定离开的原因。” 根据前文妻子列举吕成的一系列表现可知，这些是她做出决定的理由。固定句型That is why…表示“那就是为什么……”，应用why“为什么”。what“什么”，how“如何”，均不符合语法结构。 10．句意：很快晏子注意到了他的变化。 根据前句“he started to act well”可知，吕成改过自新后的行为表现发生了转化，应用change“改变”。dream“梦想”，plan“计划”，均不符合语境。 ◇考点 02 重难语篇提升练 Long ago, the army of Qi invaded (入侵) the State of Lu. Duke Zhuang of Lu was about to fight. A man named Cao Gui asked to see the duke. One of Cao Gui’s fellow villagers said, “The high officials are already 1 it. Why should you get involved (参与)?” Cao Gui replied, “Those officials do not take the long view.” When he met the duke, Cao Gui asked, “What gives you the 2 to fight this battle?” The duke said, “I do not keep food and clothing only for 3 . I share them with others.” Cao Gui replied, “Such small favors cannot reach all the people. They are not enough to win their 4 support.” The duke said again, “In sacrifices (祭祀) I always follow the proper rules and act sincerely.” Cao Gui answered, “That sincerity is not enough. The spirits (神灵) will not bless you for that.” The duke then said, “In legal cases (诉讼案件), 5 large or small, I always judge according to the real situation.” Cao Gui said, “That shows 6 . On that basis you may fight. Please allow me to go with you.” The duke agreed. The battle took place at Changshao. When the duke was about to order the attack, Cao Gui said, “Not yet.” After the Qi army had beaten their drums three times, he said, “Now.” Qi’s army was defeated. The duke wanted to chase them 7 , but Cao Gui again said, “Not yet.” After checking their chariot tracks (车辙) and flags, he said, “Now pursue.” Later, the duke asked Cao Gui why he had acted that way. “In fighting,” was the reply, “everything depends on the soldiers’ 8 . At the first drumbeat, they are at their 9 . The second 10 it. By the third, they are already exhausted. That was the perfect time for our attack.” “But a state as powerful as Qi might have set up a trap. Therefore, I looked at the tracks left by their wheels and found them all confused. Then I looked at their flags and saw that they were hanging down. Only then did I give the order to pursue them.” 1．A．asking for B．discussing about C．fighting against D．getting into 2．A．confidence B．purpose C．chance D．promise 3．A．yourself B．itself C．myself D．themselves 4．A．final B．special C．full D．quick 5．A．if B．when C．whether D．instead 6．A．care B．courage C．honesty D．fairness 7．A．completely B．secretly C．surprisingly D．immediately 8．A．spirit B．teamwork C．strength D．training 9．A．fastest B．bravest C．strongest D．loudest 10．A．raises B．keeps C．breaks D．weakens 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．C 6．D 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文改编自历史故事《曹刿论战》。讲述了齐国入侵鲁国时，曹刿求见鲁庄公，并在长勺之战中凭借出色的军事才能和对士气的准确把握，助鲁国获胜的故事。 1．句意：曹刿的一个同乡说道：“那些高官们已经在着手处理这件事了。你何必参与其中呢？” 前文说“曹刿请求见庄公”，后文同乡说“你何必参与其中呢”，说明高官们已经在“参与/着手处理”这件事，他不必去见庄公。应选用getting into，与后文的“get involved”呼应。 2．句意：当曹刿见到庄公时，他问道：“是什么给了你打这一仗的信心？” 后文庄公回答“我不只为自己保留食物衣物，我与他人分享”，说明曹刿问的是庄公凭什么认为自己能打赢仗，也就是“信心”的来源。应选用confidence。 3．句意：庄公说道：“我并非只为自己保留食物和衣物，而是会与他人一同分享。” 前文曹刿问“庄公凭什么有信心打仗”，后文庄公说“我不只...保留食物衣物，我与他人分享”，说明庄公不吝啬，不止为“自己”，主语为I，对应的反身代词是myself 4．句意：曹刿回答道：“这种微不足道的恩惠无法惠及所有人。它们不足以赢得他们的全力支持。” 前文提到“这种小恩惠不能惠及所有人”，因此不足以赢得他们的“全力”支持。应选用full。 5．句意：庄公接着说道：“在诉讼案件中，无论是重大案件还是小案件，我总是根据实际情况来做出裁决。” 根据“large or small”可知，此处是“whether...or...”结构的省略，意为“无论大小”，符合语境。 6．曹刿说：“这体现了公平原则。在此基础上你们可以交战。请允许我与你们一同出战。” 前文提到“案件不论大小，都根据实际情况判定”，体现的是“公平”。应选用fairness。 7．句意：庄公想立刻追击他们，但曹刿又说道：“还不行。” 前文提到“齐军战败”，庄公想要乘胜追击，因此是想“立刻”追击。应选用immediately。 8．句意：“作战时”，对方回答道，“一切都取决于士兵们的士气。第一声鼓响时，他们的战斗力最强。第二声减弱了这种战斗力。到了第三声，他们就已经疲惫不堪了。此时正是我们发起进攻的最佳时机。” 根据“At the first drumbeat...The second...By the third, they are already exhausted.”可知，曹刿论述的是击鼓对士兵“士气”的影响。spirit在此意为“士气”。 9．句意：“作战时”，对方回答道，“一切都取决于士兵们的士气。第一声鼓响时，他们的战斗力最强。第二声减弱了这种战斗力。到了第三声，他们就已经疲惫不堪了。此时正是我们发起进攻的最佳时机。” 后文提到“第三次他们就筋疲力竭了，说明第一次击鼓时士气是“最强的”。应选用strongest。 10．句意：“作战时”，对方回答道，“一切都取决于士兵们的士气。第一声鼓响时，他们的战斗力最强。第二声减弱了这种战斗力。到了第三声，他们就已经疲惫不堪了。此时正是我们发起进攻的最佳时机。” 根据前文“at their strongest”和后文“already exhausted”可知，士气从最强到筋疲力尽，是逐渐衰退的过程，因此第二次击鼓“削弱”了士气。应选用weakens。 During the Tang Dynasty (朝代) , there was an officer in Yunnan who wanted to show his respect for the emperor Taizong, so he sent a man named Mian Bogao to bring some gifts to the emperor. One of the 1 was a beautiful white swan. Mian had to travel from Yunnan to Chang’an. It was a long way. He took good care of the swan 2 it was a very important gift at that time. He kept it in a cage to make sure that it didn’t fly away. One day, Mian passed by a river and drank some water, 3 he decided to feed some water to the swan. But when he came close to the cage, he found the swan became very 4 during the trip. Its beautiful feathers weren’t 5 anymore. Mian carefully let it out of the cage. He brought it over to the river, so he could quickly wash it. However, as soon as he finished washing the swan, it flew away. Mian tried to 6 the swan, but only got a feather. He was very worried. However, he didn’t run away. Instead, he decided to tell the emperor 7 happened. So he kept going on his trip. When Mian finally 8 in Chang’an, he met Emperor Taizong and showed him the feather. Everyone was shocked. Mian told the emperor the whole story and said: “The swan feather is 9 but it carries the deep respect for you.” Emperor Taizong was happy with Mian’s 10 and rewarded him. Today, people use the story to show that a good gift doesn’t have to be expensive. What matters is the love it carries. 1．A．gifts B．animals C．thanks D．promises 2．A．also B．instead C．because D．although 3．A．then B．therefore C．meanwhile D．however 4．A．dirty B．clean C．tidy D．cute 5．A．black B．white C．green D．colorful 6．A．touch B．reach C．watch D．catch 7．A．which B．where C．what D．that 8．A．left B．returned C．arrived D．reached 9．A．heavy B．light C．strange D．silent 10．A．patience B．appearance C．creativity D．honesty 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．C 9．B 10．D 【导语】本文讲述了唐代云南官员派缅伯高向唐太宗进贡白天鹅，途中缅伯高为给天鹅清洗放飞后，天鹅飞走仅抓到一根羽毛，他没有逃跑，而是带着羽毛如实向唐太宗禀报，并称“天鹅毛虽轻，却承载着对陛下的深深敬意”，唐太宗因他的诚实十分欣慰并予以奖赏的故事。这个故事后来演变为典故，寓意礼轻情意重，好的礼物不必昂贵，其中蕴含的心意才是最重要的。 1．句意：其中一件礼物是一只漂亮的白天鹅。 前文提及“send a man named Mian Bogao to bring some gifts to the emperor(派缅伯高给皇帝送些礼物)”，本句“One of the…” 指代礼物中的一件，用gifts契合上下文的“送礼”语境；animals“动物”、thanks“感谢”、promises“承诺”均与前文衔接不当。 2．句意：他精心照料这只天鹅，因为在当时它是一件非常重要的礼物。 前半句“他精心照料这只天鹅”，后半句“在当时它是一件非常重要的礼物”是前半句的原因，y用because引导原因状语从句；also“也”、instead“反而”、although“尽管”均不符合逻辑关系。 3．句意：一天，缅伯高路过一条河喝了点水，然后他决定给天鹅也喂点水。 前半句“一天缅伯高路过一条河喝了点水”，后半句“他决定给天鹅也喂点水”是承接前文的顺承动作，用then表动作先后；therefore“因此”，表因果；meanwhile“同时”，表并列；however“然而”，表转折均不符合语境。 4．句意：可当他走近笼子时，发现这只天鹅在途中变得非常脏。 后文提及“他把天鹅带到河边想快速清洗它”，由此可知天鹅在途中变脏了，用dirty；clean“干净的”、tidy“整洁的”、cute“可爱的”均与“清洗”的动作矛盾。 5．句意：它漂亮的羽毛不再洁白了。 前文明确提到是“a beautiful white swan(漂亮的白天鹅)”，本句指天鹅脏了之后，漂亮的羽毛不再是白色的了，用white；black“黑色的”、green“绿色的”、colorful“色彩鲜艳”均与天鹅的原本特征不符。 6．句意：缅伯高试图去抓那只天鹅，却只抓到了一根羽毛。 前半句“天鹅洗完澡就飞走了”，后半句“却只抓到一根羽毛”，说明缅伯高试图去抓飞走的天鹅，用catch；touch“触碰”、reach“够到”、watch“观看”均与“仅抓到一根羽毛”的结果衔接不当。 7．句意：相反，他决定把发生的事情如实告诉皇帝。 “tell the emperor…happened”是宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，用what指代“发生的事情”；which“哪一个”，需有选择范围；where“哪里”，表地点；that无实际意义，从句成分完整时用，均不符合语法要求。 8．句意：当缅伯高最终抵达长安后，他觐见了唐太宗，并向他展示了那根羽毛。 arrive in大地点，长安是都城，属于大地点，本句为一般过去时，用arrived；left“离开”与语境相反；returned“返回”，前文未提及缅伯高离开长安，无“返回”之意；reached“到达”，及物动词，后直接接地点，无需加in。 9．句意：这根天鹅毛虽轻，却承载着对陛下您的深深敬意。 根据常识，羽毛是轻飘飘的，且后文的转折“but it carries the deep respect” 形成“轻的物品，重的心意”的对比，用light；heavy“重的”与常识矛盾；strange“奇怪的”、silent“沉默的”均与语境无关。 10．句意：唐太宗对缅伯高的诚实十分满意，于是奖赏了他。 缅伯高没有因天鹅飞走而逃跑，而是如实向皇帝禀报事情的全部经过，这一行为体现的是“诚实”，唐太宗因此对他的诚实感到满意并奖赏他，用honesty；patience“耐心”、appearance“外貌”、creativity“创造力”均未在文中体现。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $