Unit 8 Safe and sound-2026-2027学年八年级上册英语词汇语法讲练（译林版）

Unit 8 Safe and 词汇语法讲练 一、单元核心单词 序号 单词 音标 1 sound /saund/ 2 emergency I'm3:d3ansi/ situation /.sItfu'erfn/ 4 *heating /hi:tm/ 5 lightning /'1at▣/ 6 office /'pfis/ homeless /'heumles/ 8 coach /kaut[/ 9 road /reud/ 10 accident /'aeksidant/ 11 *typhoon /tar'fu:n/ 12 terrible /'terabl/ 13 state /stert/ fireman（pl. 14 /'faremen/ firemen) 15 traffic /'traefik/ 16 *slight /slart/ 17 shake /fexk/ sound 词性 中文释义 健康的，无损伤 adj. 的 1n. 紧急情况 n. 情况 1n. 供暖 n. 闪电 1. 办公室，办公楼 adj. 无家可归的 1n. 长途汽车 n. 道路 n. 事故 n. 台风 adj. 可怕的 n. 状态，情况 消防员 n. 交通 adj. 轻微的 n./vi./vt. 摇动 18 thunder 19 *bomb 20 shout 21 fear 22 direction 23 *brick 24 silent 25 if 26 nervous 27 beat 28 calm 29 since 30 weak 31 voice 32 except 33 smoke 34 bumn 35 heavily 36 guess 37 hat /'Oanda(r)/ n. 雷声 /bpm/ n. 炸弹 faut/ vi./n. 呼喊，喊叫 /fa)/ n. 恐惧，害怕 /de'rek n;dar 1n. 方向 'rek n/ /brIk/ n. 砖 /'sarlent/ adj. 安静的，寂静的 f c0n]. 是否 焦虑的：胆怯 /'n3:v3s/ adj. 的，紧张不安的 (使)规律作响/ /bi:t/ vi./vt. 运动：用力敲打 (使)平静， /ka:m/ vi./vt. (使)镇静 /sms/ con] 因为，既然 /wik/ adj. 虚弱的 嗓音，说话声， /oIs/ 1 唱歌声 除…之外 hik'sept/ prep. (=except for) /smeuk/ n. 烟 着火：（使）烧 /b3:n/ vi./vt. 毁，烧伤 /'hevili/ adv. 大量地，猛烈地 /ges/ vt./vi. 猜测，估计 (常指带檐的) /haet/ n. 帽子 38 clear /klIa(r)/ policeman (pl. 39 pe'li:smen/ policemen) 40 ache /eik/ postman (pl. 41 /'paustmen/ postmen) 42 aurport /'eapo:t/ 43 passport /'pa:spo:t/ 44 close /kleus/ 45 report hI'po:t/ 46 including /m'klu:du/ 47 sign /sam/ 48 avoid /e'vord/ 49 wound /wund/ 50 bleed /bli:d/ 51 press /pres/ 52 firmly /'f3:mli/ 53 *tidal wave /'tardl werv/ 54 warn /wo:n/ 55 disappear dIsa'pIa(1)/ 二、单元核心短语 序号 短语 1 safe and sound 2 in fear in all directions vt. 清除，清理 n. (男)警察 n./vi. 疼痛 n 邮递员 n. 机场 ? 护照 adj. 差一点儿，险些 报道；汇报；传 vi./vt./n 闻 prep. 包括…在内 n. 标牌，指示牌 vt. 避免，防止 n. 伤，伤口 vi. 流血，失血 vt./vi. 按，压 adv. 紧紧地，牢固地 n. 海啸，潮汐波 vt./vi. 警告，告诫 V1. 消失，不见 中文释义 安然无恙 恐惧地，害怕地 四处，到处，四面八方 say to oneself 5 calm down 6 put out 7 bush fire so far 词汇短语练习 一、根据汉语意思或首字母，写出正确的单词。（每空1分， 1.紧急情况 2.消防员 3.无家可归的 4.恐惧，害怕 5.方向 6.焦虑的：紧张不安的 7.使平静，使镇静 8.伤，伤口 9.流血，失血 10.警告，告诫 二、单项选择，选出最合适的一项。（每小题1分，共15分） 1.-After the earthquake,everyone was and sound. A.safe B.dangerous C.terrible 2.In case of please call the police immediately A.an accident B.a direction C.a voice 3.The helped put out the bush fire A.postmen B.firemen C.policemen 4.The student has nowhere to live.He needs our help. A.nervous B.weak C.homeless 5.She shouted for help fear. A.with B.in C.at 暗想，自言自语 (使)平静，镇定下来 扑灭，熄灭 山林大火 迄今为止，到目前为止 共10分) D.weak D.an airport D.coaches D.silent D.on 6.The thunder and the baby cried. A.beat B.shook C.shouted D.burned 7.He tied to himself down and think clearly A.put B.calm C.press D.guess 8.You should walking alone at night.It's dangerous. A.avoid B.wam C.report D.clear 9.-Have you finished your report A.so far B.in all directions C.in fear D.safe and sound 10.The was so strong that trees fell down. A.typhoon B.lightning C.thunder D.smoke 11.People ran when the bomb exploded. A.in all directions B.in fear C.say to oneself D.put out 12.The doctor the wound to stop the bleeding. A.pressed B.shook C.beat D.burned 13.He stayed during the whole meeting,saying nothing. A.silent B.nervous C.terrible D.weak 14.The of the house was damaged by the fire. A.heating B.brick C.coach D,hat 15.-Can you guess what happened?-I'm not sure.Let me A.guess B.report C.warn D.avoid 三、用所给单词的适当形式或对应词填空。 (每空1分，共10分) 1.The earthquake made the ground (shake)violently. 2.He felt very (nervous)when he heard the terrible news. 3.Please keep (silence)during the exam 4.The firemen (put)out the fire quickly. 5.She said to (she)I can do it.” 6.The (policeman)are searching for the missing child. 7.The rain was (heavy)beating against the window. 8.He has been missing (since)last week 9.All the students took part in the activity (include)the monitor. 10.The (wound)soldier was sent to the hospital immediately. 四、情景交际：补全对话（每空2分，共20分） A:Hey,did you hear about the earthquake last night? B:Yes!It was(1) (可怕的).Iwas so(2) (紧张不安的). A:Me too.But I managed to (3) (使…平静)down B:Good for you.My family ran out of the house(4) (四面八方). A:Were you all (5) (安然无恙)？ B:Yes,thank goodness.No one got(6) (受伤). A:That's a relief.I heard the(7) (消防员)arrived quick灿y B:Yeah,they did a great job.They even (8) (扑灭)a small fire. A:(9) (到目前为止)，everything seems fine.Let's always stay(IO) (警惕的：注意安 全的)in the future B:You're right.Safety first! 五、连词成句（注意标点和大小写）。（每题5分，共25分） 1.a,there,was,terible,accident,yesterday ( → 2.calm,down,should,you,yourself ( 3.the,in,all,directions,people,ran() → 4.fire,the,bush,put,out,firemen,the ( → 5.has,he,since,disappeared,last,night (. 参考答案 一、根据汉语意思或首字母，写出正确的单词 1.emergency 2.fireman 3.homeless 4.fear 5.direction 6.nervous 7.calm 8.wound 9.bleed 10.wam 二、单项选择 1.A2.A3.B4.C5.B6.A7.B8.A9.A10.A11.A12.A13.A14.B15.A 三、用所给单词的适当形式或对应词填空 1.shake 2.nervous 3.silent 4.put 5.herself 6.policemen 7.heavily 8.since 9.including 10.wounded 四、情景交际：补全对话 (1)tenible(2)nervous (3)calm(4)in all directions(5)safe and sound (6)wounded (T)firemen(8)put out (9) So far(10)safe(或cautious,但本单元词表中有“safe”,按词表可写“safe”,或根据语境也可 用“careful”,但最好用本单元词。更精确：词表中有“safe”,此处用“safe即可，或“careful但非 本单元单词。建议用“safe) 五、连词成句 1.There was a terrible accident yesterday. 2.You should calm yourself down 3.The people ran in all directions. 4.The firemen put out the bush fire 5.He has disappeared since last night. 单元语法讲练： 考点l:过去进行时(Past continuous tense) 核心用法与结构 句型类型 结构公式 例句 I was doing my homework at 7 主语+was/were+动词-ing形 肯定句 last night..(昨晚7点我正在写作 式 业) 主语+was/were+not+动词- They were not playing basketball 否定句 when the storm came.（暴风雨 ing形式 来的时候他们没在打篮球) Were you waiting for the bus at Was/Were+主语+动词-ing形 一般疑问句 that time?（你那时候正在等公 式+其他？ 交吗？) What was he doing when the 特殊疑问词+was/were+主语 特殊疑问句 +动词-ing形式+其他？ earthquake happened?(地震发 生时他在做什么？) 用法说明 〉表示过去某一具体时刻/某一阶段正在进行的动作，强调动作在过去时间点“正在发生、未 完成” )常用时间标志词：at8o'clock last night,this time yesterday,at that moment,at that time,all morning yesterday,from 7 to 9 last night )be动词搭配：I/he/she/it及单数名词用was;you/we/they及复数名词用were 与一般过去时的区别 时态 核心含义 动作特征 例句 I was reading a book 过去某时刻“正在 延续性长动作，强调 过去进行时 when the phone rang. 做” 过程 (电话响的时候我正 在看书) I read a book last night. 短暂性/完成性动作， 般过去时 过去“做过了” (我昨晚看了一本 强调结果 书) 即学即练（过去进行时）单项选择 1.1 a shower when the fire alarm rang last night A.take B.took C.was taking D.am taking 2.-What you at this time yesterday? A.do;do B.did;do C.are;doing D.were;doing 3.They snow on the road the whole morning yesterday. A.cleared B.were clearing C.clear D.are clearing 4.She in the classroom when the rainstorm suddenly came. A.studies B.studied C.was studying D.is studying 5.My brother TV at 8 o'clock last Sunday evening A.watches B.watched C.is watching D.was watching 6.We for the bus when a car accident happened near the crossing A.wait B.waited C.were waiting D.are waiting 7.-Was your father repairing your bike at that moment? A.wasn't B.weren't C.didn't D.doesn't 8.The little girl a walk with her mother when a big dog ran towards her. A.takes B.took C.was taking D.is taking 9.What the policemen at 9 last night when the building caught fire? A.do;do B.did;do C.are;doing D.were;doing 10.Look at the dark clouds in the sky!Oh,no-wait,I remember it heavily when I left school yesterday A.rains B.rained C.was raining D.is raining 考点2：when/while//as引导的过去时间状语从句 核心用法对比 连词 用法规则 时态搭配 例句 Millie was watching TV ①从句动词可为短暂 when lightning hit the ①短动作用一般过去 性/延续性，引导“短 building.(米莉正在看 时，长动作用过去进 动作突然发生”：② 电视，突然闪电击中 when 行时；②主从句动作 可表示“长动作进行 先后发生时都用一般 了大楼)When he got 中，短动作突然插 home,he turned on the 入” 过去时 light..（他到家后打开 了灯) While I was sleeping, my parents were clearing ①两个动作同时进行 the snow outside.（我睡 ①只能引导延续性动 时，主从句都用过去 觉的时候，我爸妈正 作：②强调主从句两 while 进行时；②也可接过 在外面扫雪)He 个长动作同时进行： 去进行时，主句为一 came in while I was ③可表示“对比” 般过去时 making a phone call. (我打电话的时候他 进来了) 表示“一边一 As he was running 边…；随着”，强调 主从句可同时用一般 away,he shouted for as 两个动作同时发生、 过去时/过去进行时 help.(他一边跑一边 同步变化 呼救) 易错点提示 )while引导的从句中，若主从句主语一致，可省略主语和be动词，构成“while+doing”?结构： While walking in the street,he saw a traffic accident.(他在街上走的时候看到了一场交通事故) )短动作（如hit,start,.aive,ing,begin等）不能用while引导，只能用when/as 即学即练(when/while/as引导时间状语从句)单项选择 1. I was doing my homework,my mother was cooking in the kitchen A.When B.While C.Before D.After 2.The earthquake started people were sleeping deeply at midnight A.while B.if C.until D.because 3.I was walking to school I met my primary school teacher yesterday. A.while B.when C.as D.since 4. the boys were playing basketball on the playground,it began to rain heavily A.As soon as B.Until C.While D.Because 5. Millie was reading a storybook,her friend Amy came to visit her. A.While B.What C.Which D.Where 6.The thief ran away quickly he saw the policeman coming towards him. A.while B.though C.when D.until we were waiting for the green light,an old man fell down on the road. A.If B.Unless C.Although D.As 8.Don't make any noise I am recording the fire safety tips. A.while B.after C.before D.until 9.Tom fell off his bike he was riding to the park last weekend. A.but B.when C.so D.because 10. the storm was getting stronger,people hurried to run to the safe area. A.If B.Until C.As D.Unless 考点3：单元核心构词法：复合名词(Compound words) 常见构成类型（对应单元Word power板块） 构成方式 例词 释义 名词+名词 thunderstorm雷暴earthquake地 两个名词组合，构成新的事物 震railway铁路classroom教室 名词 前一个名词是动作的对象/场 firefighter消防员sunbathing日 名词+动词-ing形式 所，后接doing表示动作执行 光浴horse-riding骑马 者/动作 blackboard黑板highway公路 形容词修饰后面的名词，构成 形容词+名词 loudspeaker扬声器 新名词 表示方位/属性的修饰词加名词 副词/介词+名词 outdoor户外nderground地铁 inside内部 构成新名词 特点：复合名词的意思通常由两个组成部分的意思叠加，多数中间无连字符，直接合写。 即学即练（复合词构词法）单项选择 1.Which of the following is a compound word formed by "nounnoun"? A.homeless B.thunderstorm C.heavily D.reporter 2.The word means a person whose job is to put out fires A.policeman B.postman C.firefighter D.fisherman 3.Which of the following words is a compound word? A.emergency B.situation C.earthquake D.direction 4.The compound word "homeless"is formed by A.nounnoun B.adjective noun C.noun suffix -less D.verb+noun 5.When there is a the ground shakes and many buildings may fall down. A.thunderstorm B.snowstorm C.earthquake D.flood 6.Which of the following is NOT a compound word? A.railway B.airport C.accident D.blackboard 7.We should take the to leave the building when there is a fire. A.staircase B.silent C.nervous D.terrible 8.The word "sunshine"is a compound word from" A.adjective noun B.nounnoun C.verb +noun D.adverb noun 9.You need to show your when you go through the check-in at the airport. A.passport B.report C.warning D.pocket 10.Which of the following compound words means "a heavy fall of snow with strong wind"? A.rainstorm B.snowball C.snowstorm D.thunder 参考答案 即学即练（过去进行时） 1.C2.D3.B4.C5.D6.C7.A8.C9.D10.C 即学即练(when/while/as引导时间状语从句) 1.B2.A3.B4.C5.A6.C7.D8.A9.B10.C 即学即练（复合词构词法） 1.B2.C3.C4.C5.C6.C7.A8.B9.A10.C