Unit 8 Safe and sound-【专项训练】初中英语词汇必备手册（译林版·新教材）

初中英语词汇必备手册YL版 Unit 8 Safe and sound sound/saund/■adj.健康的，无损伤 getting lost in the park.这个小女孩在公 的：Tina caught the last bus and got 园迷路后，被找到时安然无恙。 home safe and sound.(日照中考)蒂娜赶 emergency/'m3:d3ansi/n.紧急情况： 上了末班车，平安到家了。■n.声音，声 The bell was first designed as an 晌：The hedgehog didn't seem to like the emergency alarm to warn of danger.这个 board and made an angry sound.(辽宁中 铃铛最初被设计为紧急警报器，用于警示 考)刺猬似乎不喜欢这块木板，发出了愤 危险。 怒的声音。■linking v.听起来：It 搭配 sounds like the music that people make. emergency room急诊室∥emergency (南京中考)这听起来就像是人们所创作 exit紧急出口‖in case of emergency在紧 的音乐。■vt.使…发出声音：The 急情况下 年 teacher sounded the alarm.老师拉响了 球拓展 上 警报。 联emergent adj.紧急的，突发的 搭配 situation/isrtfu'ejn/n,①情况：The sound like听起来像…：That situation is a mess.情况一团糟。②处 sounds like a fun way.(达州中考)那听 起来是个有趣的方式。 境，遭遇：She was in a hopeless situation 野拓展 after losing her job.失业后她陷入绝望的 境地。 辨voice,sound&noise *heating/'hit/n.供暖：Did you (I)voice意为“（人说话/唱歌或鸟的） 嗓音”。如：Dad replied in a much louder install heating in your living room?你在 客厅装供暖了吗？ voice.(浙江中考)爸爸提高了嗓门回答。 (2)sound泛指听到的任何声音。 lightning/'lartn/n.闪电：The big 如：They stayed in the water and made fire was caused by lightning.那场大火是 strange sounds to encourage the other 由闪电引起的。 dolphins.(淮安中考)它们留在水中，发 office/'ofis/n.办公室，办公楼：Kelly is a 出奇特的声音来激励其他海豚。 smart secretary,who keeps the office (3)noise意为“噪声”。如：He would running smoothly.（咸海中考)凯利是一位 listen to white noise with his headphones. 聪明的秘书，她让办公室的工作运转得很 (河南中考)他会戴着耳机聆听白噪声。 顺畅。 safe and sound安然无恙：The little homeless/'haumlas/,adj.无家可归的： girl was found safe and sound after Is it right to make animals homeless so 164 八年级上册·Unit8 that humans can have more paper?(金华 我带来了许多痛苦，但幸运的是，我有了 中考)人类为了获取更多的纸张，将动物置 一个最好的朋友。 于无家可归的境地，这样做是否恰当呢？ 团搭配 围搭配 by accident偶然，意外：Then she the homeless无家可归的人‖homeless discovered advertisement classes about shelter无家可归者收容所 Tai Chi by accident and decided to try the 题拓展 “mysterious'”eastern sport,.(永州中考) 联homelessness n.无家可归 后来她偶然看到了太极拳课程的广告，于 coach/kautS/■n.①长途汽车：We 是决定尝试一下这种“神秘”的东方运动。 took a coach to Beijing because it's 米typhoon/tar'fun/n.台风：The cheaper than the train.我们乘坐长途汽 typhoon is coming,so we must stay 车去北京，因为它比火车便宜。②教练： indoors..台风要来了，我们必须待在室内。 With the help of hockey coaches,the ★terrible/'terabl/,adi.可怕的： children took an active part in the game. Something terrible happened to Han Mei 在曲棍球教练的帮助下，孩子们积极参加 at school one day.(东营中考)有一天，韩 八 了这项运动。■v.训练，指导：He 梅在学校遭遇了一件可怕的事情。 coached the basketball team to victory 萝拓展 last year..他去年执教篮球队取得了胜 联terror n.恐怖，恐惧‖terrify vt. 册 利。 使恐惧，使十分害怕‖terrified adj.感到 搭配 恐惧的，受惊吓的‖terribly adv.非常， coach sb.to do sth.指导某人做某 严重地 事：She coaches her younger brother to ★state/steit/■n.①状态，情况：The prepare for the English exam.她辅导她 doctor checked the patient's state of 弟弟准备英语考试。 health carefully.医生仔细检查了病人的 road/rod/n.道路：I saw trees and 健康状况。@国家：Just then,they fields,and soon I found a road with signs forgot all the hatred between the two of human feet and some of cows and states and began to help and support each horses..我看到了树木和田野，很快就发 other just like they were family.(盐城中 现了一条路，路上有人类的脚印，还有一 考)就在那时，两国之间的所有仇恨都烟 些牛和马的足迹。 消云散了，他们开始像一家人一样互相帮 罐搭配 助、互相支持。■t.陈述，说明：She on the road在路上；在旅途中‖road stated the facts in her report.她在报告中 sign路标 说明了事实。 accident/'aeksidant/n.事故：This accident 搭配 caused me a lot of pain,but luckily,I in a state处于混乱状态：After the got a best friend..(东营中考)这次事故给 party,the room was in a state with 165 初中英语词汇必备手册YL版 rubbish everywhere..派对结束后，房间里 球搭配 一片狼藉，垃圾到处都是。 thunder and lightning雷电交加：The fireman /'faiaman/n.(pl.firemen) sudden crash of thunder and lightning 防员：It's brave of these firemen to save made her jump with fear.突如其来的电 the old man from the big fire.(宿迁中 闪雷鸣吓得她跳了起来。 考)这些消防员从大火中救出那位老人， 题拓展 真是非常勇敢。 联thunderous adj.雷鸣般的，大声 traffic/traefik/n.交通：Walk along 的‖thunderously adv.雷鸣般地 Renmin Road to the traffic lights,and ￥bomb/bom/■n.炸弹：The soldiers you will see a bank.My home is opposite carefully removed the bomb from the t(南通中考)沿着人民路走到交通灯处， building.士兵们小心地从建筑物里移除 你会看到一家银行，我家就在银行对面。 了炸弹。■v.轰炸：The terrorists *slight/slat/adj.轻微的：There is bombed the bridge last night,cutting off only a slight difference between these the road..恐怖分子昨晚炸毁了桥梁，切 八 two words.这两个词只有细微差别。 断了道路。 年级 shake/小erk/■n.摇动：The earthquake ★shout/小aut/■i.呼喊，喊叫：I caused a violent shake.地震引发了剧烈 册 thought she was going to shout again, 的晃动。■vi.&ot.摇动（shook, but she didn't.(常州中考)我原以为她又 shaken):You're expected to shake hands 要大喊大叫了，但她并没有那么做。 when meeting people for the first time in ■n,呼喊，喊叫：We heard a loud shout China.(天水中考)在中国，初次与人见面 from the playground and ran to see what 时应该互相握手。 happened..我们听到操场传来一声大喊， 罐搭配 就跑去看发生了什么。 ①shake one's head摇头：When the 场搭配 teacher asked if we understood,some ①shout at sb.朝某人喊（生气，非善 students shook their heads.当老师问我 意)：The angry mother shouted at her 们是否明白时，有些同学摇了摇头。 son for breaking the vase..生气的妈妈因 ②shake hands(with sb.)(与某人) 为儿子打碎花瓶而朝他大喊。 握手：They shook hands to seal the deal.. ②shout to sb.朝某人喊（因距离远）： 他们握手达成协议。 I shouted to my friend on the other side thunder/'OAnda(r)/■n.雷声：It of the street to wait for me.我朝街对面 started to rain as soon as I heard the 的朋友大喊，让他等等我。 thunder.我刚听到雷声就开始下雨了。 ③shout for help大声呼救：We heard ■v.打雷，发出雷鸣般的响声：The someone shouting for help.我们听见有 storm clouds thundered loudly across the 人正大声呼救。 sky.乌云隆隆地划过天空。 fear/fa(r)/■n.恐惧，害怕：How can 166 八年级上册·Unit8 we reduce our fears to give snakes a 的女士用地图给我们指了去图书馆的路。 chance？(泰州中考)我们怎样才能减少 ②in the direction of朝…的方向： 自身的恐惧，从而给蛇一个生存的机会 Walk in the direction of the big clock, 呢？■v.①害怕，畏惧：We might not and you'll find the shop.朝大钟的方向 fear snakes any more.(泰州中考)我们或 走，你就能找到那家店。 许不会再惧怕蛇了。②（引出不好的事 ③sense of direction方向感：I have a 情)恐怕：I fear that you'll be late if you terrible sense of direction,我方向感极差。 don't go now.如果你现在不走的话，我 拓展 担心你会迟到。 联direct v.指导；导演adj.直接 切搭配 的；亲身的‖director n.导演；经理 ①for fear of以免，生怕：She walked in all directions四处，到处：When the quietly for fear of waking the sleeping bell rang,students ran in all directions to baby.她轻手轻脚地走，生怕吵醒熟睡的 their classrooms.铃声响起时，学生们朝各 宝宝。 个方向跑向自己的教室。 ②fear for为…担心：Doctors fear for the patient's health if he doesn't take ￥brick/brk/n.砖：He toured schools medicine.医生担心病人不吃药会影响 that were built with its bricks and the 年级 健康。 factory where the bricks were made. 册 壩拓展 州中考)他参观了用其砖块建造的学校， 联fearful adj.可怕的，担心的‖ 还参观了生产这些砖块的工厂。 fearfully adv.担心地‖fearfulness n.可 ★silent/'sarlont/adj.安静的：Her 怕，担心‖fearless adj,无畏的，勇敢的 world has always been silent..(常州中 in fear恐惧地，害怕地：The children 考)她的世界一直都是寂静无声的。 围搭配 screamed in fear when the lights suddenly went out.灯光突然熄灭时，孩子们害怕地 ①remain/keep/stay silent保持沉默： 尖叫起来。 You should keep silent when others are speaking.别人说话时你应该保持安静。 direction /da'rekfn;dar'rekfn/n. ②fall/go silent变得沉默：The 向：This has a basis in science,as does children fell silent when they saw the telling wind direction through smoke teacher's serious expression.看到老师严 from the fire.(成都中考)这在科学上是 肃的表情，孩子们都安静了。 有依据的，就像通过火产生的烟来判断风 顿拓展 向一样。 搭配 联silence n..沉寂‖silently adv.沉 ①give sb.directions to sp.给某人指 默地 去某地的路：The kind lady gave us ★nerv0us/'n3vas/adj.①焦虑的： directions to the library with a map.好心 Before we have a test,we often feel 167 初中英语词汇必备手册YL版 nervous about it..在考试之前，我们常常 before the speech.演讲前他试图平复紧 感到焦虑。②胆怯的：She was a thin, 张情绪。■adj.①风平浪静的：The sea nervous girl..她是个瘦削且胆怯的女孩儿。 was calm after the storm.经过这场风暴 题搭配 后，海面很平静。②镇静的；沉着的：He be/get nervous about对…感到担 was calm when I told him the bad news. 忧：Some people don't like giving 当我告诉他这个坏消息时，他是平静的。 presentations because they don't know calm down(使)平静：“Please calm what to say or because they get nervous down and sit,”said Mr Johnson.(宁波 about public speaking.(河北中考)有些 中考)“请冷静下来，坐下吧。”约翰逊先生 人不喜欢做演讲，因为他们不知道该说些 说道。 什么，或者因为他们对公开演讲感到紧张。 ★since/sns/conj.①因为，既然：Since 国拓展 he had no musical instruments,he made 联nervously adv.焦急地；提心吊 music with common objects..(杨州中考) 胆地‖nerve n.勇气；神经紧张 因为他没有乐器，所以他用普通的东西制 作音乐。②自从：Since ancient times, 年 ★beat/bit/i.&t.①（使）规律作 级 Chinese people have been planting,picking, 响或运动：She's alive一her heart is still 上 making and drinking tea.(自贡中考)自古 beating.她还活着一她的心脏还在跳 以来，中国人就一直在种茶、采茶、制茶和 动。②用力敲打：The drummer beat the 饮茶。 drums loudly during the school concert. 搭配 校园音乐会上，鼓手用力地敲打着鼓。 ever since从那时以来：Then she ③击败，战胜：Talia had to do her best to started working at Dunhuang and has beat you,(丽水中考)塔莉娅必须竭尽全 worked there ever since.(天水中考)然后 力去战胜你。■n.节拍：The song has a 她开始在敦煌工作，并且从那以后一直在 catchy beat..这首歌的节拍很抓耳。 那里工作。 搭配 Weak/wik/adj.虚弱的：After a beat sb.at sth.在某事上打败某人： period of time,the blanket breaks and a Tom beat me at basketball yesterday. wet,weak butterfly appears..(云南中考) 天汤姆在篮球比赛中赢了我。 一段时间后，毯子破了，一只浑身湿透、虚 say to oneself①暗想：He said to 弱无力的蝴蝶出现了。 himself that he must work harder next 搭配 time.他暗自告诉自己下次必须更努力。 be weak in/at sth.不擅长某事：Heis ②自言自语：She said to herself,“I can do weak in Maths..他数学不好。 this!”她自言自语道：“我能行！” 球拓展 calm/kam/■vi.&.vt.(使)平静， 联weakness n.虚弱；弱点‖ (使)镇静：He tried to calm his nerves weaken v.使削弱 168 八年级上册·Unit8 voice/vos/n.嗓音，说话声，唱歌声：It up during exercise.运动消耗热量。 can be raised and lowered with a voice. ②burn down烧毁（建筑物)：The (河北中考)它可以用声音升高和降低。 factory was burned down,工厂被烧毁。 搭配 拓展 in a low/high voice低声地/高声地： 联burning adj.燃烧的 The teacher spoke in a low voice to avoid put out扑灭，熄灭：Firefighters put out disturbing the exam.老师压低声音说话， the forest fire.消防员扑灭了森林火灾。 以免干扰考试。 heavily/'hevili/,adu.O大量地：t Aexcept /ik'sept/prep.(except rained heavily every day..(连云港中考) for)除…之外：We are open from9:00 每天都下着倾盆大雨。②沉重地：The a.m.to 4:30 p.m.,Wednesday to Sunday, boy fell heavily from the tree.那个小男 closed on Monday and Tuesday (except 孩重重地从树上摔下来。 holidays and festivals)),(金华中考)我们 球拓展 的营业时间为周三至周日上午9：00至下午 联heavy adj.重的；大量的 4:30,周一和周二不营业（节假日除外）。 ★guess/ges/■t.&i.猜测，估计： 拓展 年级 A clever English learner often guesses 辨except&besides the meanings of the new words when he 册 (1)except指排除同类事物。如：We reads.(浙江中考)一个聪明的英语学习 work daily except Sunday.除周日外，我 者在阅读时经常猜测新单词的含义。 们每天都工作。 ■n.猜测，猜想：That was a good guess! (2)besides指包含性排除，意为 猜得真准！ “除…之外还有”。如：Besides Maths, hat/het/n.(常指带檐的)帽子：Heis she studies Physics.除数学外，她还学 wearing a hat..他戴着一顶帽子。 物理。 clear/kla(r)/■vt.清除，清理：The smoke/smauk./n.烟：The smoke was team dug deep into the lake bed,and thick now.(杨州中考)现在烟很浓。 cleared the soil and stones out in order to burn/b3xn/■i.着火：Paper burns make space for the next step..(温州中 easily.纸易燃。■vt.&vi.①（使）烧毁， 考)该团队深入湖床，清除泥土和石头，为 烧伤：He burned his hand on the stove. 下一步腾出空间。■adj.①头脑清醒 他在炉子上烫伤了手。②（使）燃烧；（使） 的：Enough sleep helps us keep clear 烧着：People burn coal,.gas and oil to get minds..(宜宾中考)充足的睡眠有助于我 energy.(沈阳中考)人们烧煤、燃气和石 们保持头脑清醒。②明白清楚的：These 油来获取能量。 instructions are clear enough.这些说明 搭配 足够清楚。③清澈的：Clear waters and ①burn up消耗能量：Calories burn green mountains are as important as gold 169 初中英语词汇必备手册YL版 and silver.(浙江中考)绿水青山就是金 一名留学生，在西安求学。早上，他在机 山银山。④晴朗的：What a clear blue 场与母亲会面。 sky it is！多么晴朗的蓝天啊！ passp0rt/'pa:spo:t./n.护照：Please 团拓展 take your passport before you get on the 反unclear adj.不清楚的，不确 plane.登机前请随身携带你的护照。 定的 ★close/klas/adj.①差一点儿，险 联clearly adv.清楚地，清晰地 些：That was close-I almost fell off the policeman /pa'li'sman/n.(pl.policemen) car.好险，我差点从车上摔下来。②亲密 (男)警察：There was a man on TV 的：She is a very close friend of mine.她 是我的一个很亲密的朋友。③几乎相等 sitting next to a policeman.(东营中考) 的：The total is close to 1,000.总数接近 电视上有个男人坐在警察旁边。 一千。 ache/ek/■n.疼痛：She felt a dull ache ★report/rr'pot/■oi.&t.O报道： in her shoulders.她感到肩膀隐隐作痛。 The TV news reported that several people ■vi.疼痛：My head aches badly after 年 had been arrested.据电视新闻报道，已有 working all night,通宵工作后我头痛欲裂。 多人被捕。②汇报：The committee will 上 拓展 report their findings tomorrow.委员会将 联toothachen.牙痛‖stomachache 于明天报告调查结果。■n,①报道：A n.胃痛‖headache n.头疼‖backache n. report on the earthquake dominated 背痛 headlines.地震报道占据头条。②传闻： postman /'paustman/n.(pl.postmen) Reports of the merger spread quickly.有关 邮递员：My father was a postman,and he 合并的传闻迅速传开。 often worked twelve hours a day outside in 壩搭配 the winter cold or in the summer heat. report on...就…作报告：Scientists 城中考)我父亲是一名邮递员，他经常在 reported on climate change effects.科学 严寒或酷暑的室外工作十二个小时。 家就气候变化影响作报告。 airport/'eopo:t/n.机场：It is due to It is reported that..…据报道…：It land at Beijing Capital International is reported that food prices will rise by Airport,(永州中考)它将在北京首都国 8%next month.据报道，下月食品价格 际机场降落。 将上涨8%。 团搭配 拓展 at the airport在机场：Peter,a 联reporter n.记者 student from the UK studying in Xi'an, *bush fire/'buf fate(r)/n.山林大 meets his mum at the airport in the 火：Experts warn that prolonged drought morning.(陕西中考)彼得是来自英国的 increases the risk of bush fires in this 170 八年级上册·Unit8 region.专家警告，长期干旱会增加该地 bleed/blid/i.(bled,bled)流血，失 区山林大火的风险。 血：She broke her left leg and her right so far迄今为止：Building a national arm was bleeding.(东营中考)她摔断了 park system is one of the greatest jobs 左腿，右臂在流血。 that China has done so far..(扬州中考)建 锣搭配 设国家公园系统是中国迄今为止所做的 bleed to death流血致死：Without 最伟大的工作之一。 first aid,he would bleed to death.若无 including/n'klud/prep.包括 急救，他会失血而死。 在内：In fact,strawberries,which are press/pres/t.&oi.①按，压：She Remmi's favourite food,appear in other pressed the switch to turn on the light. recipes,including strawberry sandwich! 她按下开关开灯。@催促：Reporters (杭州中考)事实上，雷米最喜欢的食物草 pressed the minister for answers.记者催 莓也出现在其他食谱中，包括草莓三明治！ 促部长给出答复。 审拓展 *firmly/'f3mli/adu.紧紧地：The 八 联include v.包括 label should be firmly attached to the 年级 sign/saIn/n.标牌，指示牌：They have packaging.标签应紧紧地贴在包装上。 册 different colours and signs..(重庆中考) right away立即，马上：Can I move in 它们有不同的颜色和标志。 right away?我可以马上搬进来吗？He ★avoid/avod/t.避免，防止：Avoid ran out of the room right away.他立刻跑 going to the places full of people during 出了房间。 flu seasons.(岳阳中考)在流感季节避免 ￥tidal wave/'taidl werv/n.海啸，潮汐 去人多的地方。 波：A tidal wave caused by the earthquake 防搭配 hit the coast causing catastrophic damage. avoid doing sth,避免做某事：She 地震引起的海啸袭击了沿海地区，造成了 avoids eating junk food to stay healthy. 灾难性的破坏。 她避免吃垃圾食品以保持健康。 ★warn/won/t.&i.警告，告诫：If wound/wu:nd/■n.伤，伤口：The traffic accidents happen,the police can soldier has a bullet wound in his leg. give instructions and warn drivers in the 个士兵腿部有枪伤。■t.使…受伤： tunnel over an audio system to prevent He was wounded by a thief with a knife further accidents.(温州中考)如果发生 他被小偷用刀刺伤。 交通事故，警方可以通过音响系统发出指 题拓展 示并警告隧道内的司机，以防止进一步的 联wounded adj.受伤的 事故发生。 171 初中英语词汇必备手册YL版 搭配 要在河里游泳。 warn sb.(not)to do sth.警告某人 拓展 (不要)做某事：The teacher warned us 联warning n.警告 not to swim in the river.老师警告我们不 短 语 l.safe and sound安然无恙 22.move away the bricks移开砖块 2.a natural disaster一场自然灾害 23.walk a bit further再走远一点 3.make thousands of people homeless 24.put out扑灭，熄灭 成千上万人无家可归 25.prepare for...为…做准备 4.come off road and hit tree驶离道路并 26.report on this developing situation 撞上树 道最新情况 5.car accident车祸 27.bush fire山林大火 6.leave whole town in terrible state使整 28.increase the size and power增加规模 级 个城镇陷入糟糕的状况中 和威力 册 7.hear about听说 29.so far迄今为止 8.a slight shake轻微震动 30.as soon as possible尽快；立即 9.a loud noise like thunder一声雷鸣般 31.on fire着火 的巨响 32.stay low to the ground保特贴近地面 l0.start to shake开始摇晃 33.put/place emergency signs放置紧急 ll.shout in fear恐惧地大叫 标牌 l2.run out of the building跑出大楼 34.be badly hurt受重伤 l3.in all directions四处，到处 35.avoid another accident避免二次事故 l4.pieces of glass and bricks玻璃碎片和 36.clean the wound清理伤口 砖块 37.press it firmly紧紧地按压它 15.come down崩塌，坍塌 38.stop the bleeding止血 l6.be trapped被困住 39.tidal wave海啸，潮汐波 l7.say to oneself暗想；自言自语 40.hear sb.doing sth.听见某人正在做 l8.go through my mind掠过我的心头 某事 19.calm down(使)平静 41.come towards us向我们靠近 20.shout for help大声呼救 42.warn sb..to do sth.警告某人做某事 21.hours later几小时后 43.stay away from the beach远离海滩 172