Unit 7 The natural world-2026-2027学年八年级上册英语词汇语法讲练（译林版）

Unit 7 一、单元核心单词 序号 单词 1 *coral 2 *reef 3 penguin 4 *ecosystem 5 *rainfall 6 climate 7 *wetland 8 include 9 *non-living 10 *pond 11 around 12 hold 13 return 14 *prevent 15 store 16 *sponge 17 act The natural 词汇语法讲练 音标 /'kDral/ hri:f /pengwm/ /'i:kausIstam/ /'remnfo:1/ /'klammat/ /'wetland/ /m'klu:d/ /nDn'lrvu/ pDnd/ le'raund/ /heuld/ hI't3:n/ /prI'vent/ /1to:)/ /spand3/ /aekt/ world 词性 中文释义 n. 珊瑚 礁 企鹅 生态系统 1n. 降雨量，下雨 气候 n. 湿地 vt. 包括 adj. 非生物的 n. 池塘 adv. 大约 容纳；拿着；举 vt. 行 vi. 返回，回来 vt. 防止，阻止 vt. 贮存 海绵块 vi 起作用：行动 18 act 19 *kidney 20 nearly 21 *carbon dioxide 22 *trap 23 harmful 24 therefore 25 *1un吗 26 sadly 27 ton 28 harm 29 *wildlife 30 *topic 31 sandy 32 noisy 33 *system 34 cause 35 cause 36 *damage 37 damage /aekt/ vi.&vt. 扮演 /'kIdni/ n. 肾脏 几乎，差不多， /'nreli/ adv. 将近 /'ka:ban dar n. 二氧化碳 pksard/ 吸收：使落入险 /traep/ vt. 境 /'ha:mfl/ adj. 有害的 /ǒeef6:)y adv. 因此 / n. 肺 /'saedli/ adv. 不幸地；悲伤地 /tan/ n. 吨 /ham/ vt.&n 伤害，损害 /'waldlarf/ n. 野生动物 /'topik/ n. 话题 铺满沙子的，含 /'saendi/ adj. 沙的 充满噪声的：吵 /'norzi/ adj. 闹的 /'sIstam/ n. 系统：体系 使发生，造成， ko:z/ vt. 导致 ko:z/ n. 原因：理由 /'daemId3 vt. 损害，毁坏 损坏，损失；损 /'daemId3/ n. 害 38 north-east 39 cover 40 *1a1e 41 *daytime 42 lead 43 *mud 44 create 45 *balanced 46 project 47 knowledge 48 *wastew ater *environment- 49 fiiendly 50 kill 51 solve 52 *environmental 53 stay 二、单元核心短语 序号 3 5 东北：东北方 /no:0'i:st/ n.,adj.&adv. 的：向东北方 /'kAva(r)/ n. 躲避处：罩子 rea(r)/ adj. 稀罕的，珍贵的 /'dertarm/ n. 白天 /li:d/ vi. 造成（后果） /mAd/ n. 泥，淤泥，泥浆 /kri'ert/ vt. 创建，创造 /'baelanst/ adj. 保持平衡的 /prDd3ekt/ n. 项目 /'nDlrd3/ n. 知识 /'weIstwo:ta(r)/ n. 废水 /m,varrenment 环保的，不损害 adj. 'frendli/ 环境的 /kil/ vt.&vi. 杀死 /splv/ vt. 解决；解答 /m varren'mentl/ adj. 环境的 /ster/ 1n. 停留，逗留 短语 中文释义 get rid of 清除：摆脱 slow down (使)慢下来 quite a few 相当多，不少 lead to 导致 setup 建立 词汇短语练习 一、根据汉语意思或首字母提示，写出正确的单词。（每题2分，共20分） 1.生态系统 2.湿地 3.防止，阻止 4.因此 5.有害的 6.野生动物 7.稀罕的，珍贵的 8解决；解答 9.环境的 10.保持平衡的 二、单项选择，选出最合适的一项。（每题2分，共30分） 1.The Great Barrier Reefis the world's largest coral system A.reef B.pond C.sponge D.lung 2.We should do something to water pollution A.hold B.return C.prevent D,act 3.Planting more trees can help carbon dioxide and make the air cleaner A.store B.trap C.cause D.kill 4.There are a few endangered animals in this nature reserve. A.nearly B.sadly C.therefore D,around 5.Cutting down too many trees will to soil erosion(水土流失)and climate change A.lead B.create C.solve D.include 6.The wetland is an important for many birds during the winter. A.cover B.system C.topic D.project 7.Too much is harmful to our health.We should reduce it. A.rainfall B.mud C.carbon dioxide D.noise 8.Human activities have caused great to the natural world A.harm B.knowledge C.wildlife D.lung 9.Our school has a new club to promote (environmental protection. A.set up B.slowed down C.got rid of D.led to 10.The sea water around this island is very clear,but the beach is A.sandy B.noisy C.environmental D.balanced 11.The of the wetland is to clean water and provide a home for wildlife A.ecosystem B.kidney C.system D.project 12.We should lear more about how to protect the environment. A.knowledge B.damage C.cause D.topic 13.6 "means something that is not alive,like rocks and sunlight A.Non-living B.Environment-friendly C.Harmful D.Balanced 14.It rained a lot last month.The was much higher than usual. A.rainfall B.climate C.daytime D.ton 15.We should find ways to these environmental problems. A.solve B.cause C.damage D.kill 三、用所给单词的适当形式或对应词填空。（每题2分，共20分） 1.Wetlands (include)rivers,lakes,and ponds. 2.The forest (act)as a giant sponge,storing water during heavy rain. 3.Pollution is (harm)to both humans and wildlife 4.The oil spill(泄漏)caused serious (damage)to the ocean. 5.We must (create)a more balanced relationship with nature. 6.Too much fishing can (harmful)the balance of the ecosystem. 7.The (environment)group is working on a project to clean up the river. 8.The water in this area is clean,so the waste water must be (treat)before it goes into the river. 9.You need to make a (decide)on how to solve this problem 10.The government is trying to (protection)rare animals from being killed. 四、情景交际：补全对话（每空2分，共10分） A:Hi,Tom.Our geography teacher asked us to do a(1) (项目)about "The Natural World. B:That sounds interesting.What's your (2) (话题)？ A:I'm going to talk about(3) (珊瑚)eefs B:Good choice!They are an important(4) (生态系统). A:Yes.But sadly,many reefs are in danger now. B:I know.We should find ways to (5) (解决)this problem 五、连词成句（注意标点和大小写）。（每题4分，共20分) 1.knowledge,help,can,to,our,us,environment,protect ( 2.is,this,area,rich,wildlife,in (. → 3.to,we,the,should,slow,down,climate,change ( → 4.harmful,activities,human,are,to,the,environment (. → 5.get,of,we,can,how,pollution,rid (? 参考答案 一、根据汉语意思或首字母提示，写出正确的单词 1.ecosystem 2.wetland 3.prevent 4.therefore 5.harmful 6.wildlife 7.rare 8.solve 9.environmental 10. balanced 二、单项选择 1.A2.C3.B4.D5.A6.A7.D8.A9.A10.A11.C12.A13.A14.A15.A 三、用所给单词的适当形式或对应词填空 1.include 2.acts 3.harmful 4.damage 5.create 6.harm 7.environmental 8.treated 9.decision 10.protect 四、情景交际：补全对话 (1)project(2)topic (3)coral (4)ecosystem(5)solve 五、连词成句 1.Knowledge can help us protect our environment. 2.This area is rich in wildlife. 3.We should slow down the climate change. 4.Human activities are harmful to the environment. 5.How can we get rid of pollution? 单元语法讲练： 语法考点1：双宾语结构(S+V+IO+DO) 核心规则表 项目 内容说明 主语+谓语动词+ 间接宾语（人，IO)+ 结构定义 直接宾语（物，DO) 两个宾语独立：人≠ 物，无逻辑主谓关系 ①给予/传递类： give,show,send,bring, offer,pass,lend,tell, 常用动词分类 teach②制作/服务 类：buy,make,cook, draw,get 若将直接宾语提前， 需根据动词加介词 to/for:·表动作“指 向某人”，加to: give/show/send/bring/off 结构转换（换位规 er/pass/tell/teach/lend 则) 结构：V+DO+to+ IO·表动作为“为某 人做”，加for: buy/make/cook/draw/get →结构：V+DO+for +IO 1.The sun gives ocean animals light and heat. (太阳给海洋动物光 和热)2.The guide showed us wetland photos yesterday..(导游 单元例句 昨天给我们看了湿地 照片)3.My mom cooked me a bowl of mushroom soup.(妈妈 给我煮了一碗蘑菇 汤) √易错提醒：间接宾语为人称代词时，必须用宾格形式(me/you/him/her/us/them)。 即时即练（单项选择，每空 1.The kind man gave the lost bird water and food first. A.any B.some C.few D.many 2.Could you please pass the pair of binoculars?I want to watch the birds. A.I B.my C.me D.mine 3.My deskmate often brings some interesting books about wild animals. A.our B.we C.ours D.us 4.The little girl drew a beautiful picture of the lake last week. A.for me B.me C.to me D.I 5.The teacher told an interesting story about the forest ecosystem in class. A.our B.we C.us D.ours 6.My father bought a new pair of hiking shoes for the field trip A.I B.my C.me D.mine 7.The wetland offers different kinds of birds food and home A.to B.for C.with D./ 8.When we visited the nature reserve,the worker showed around the whole area. A.we B.us C.our D.ours 9.-Would you please send these photos of the mountain? A.I B.me C.my D.mine 10.My grandma cooked a delicious meal after we finished planting trees. A.us B.we C.our D.ours 语法考点2：宾语补足语结构(S+V+D0+OC) 核心规则表 项目 内容说明 主语+谓语动词+直接宾语（人/物)+宾 语补足语(OC)宾补用于补充说明宾语的状 结构定义 态、动作、身份等，宾语和宾补有逻辑上的 “主表/主谓关系”（宾语=宾补逻辑主语） 可作宾补的成分 ①形容词（表宾语状态）：keep/make+O+ adj.②名词（表宾语身份/名称)： call/name/make+O+n.③不带to的不定式（表 宾语做了/要做完整动作)： watch/see/hear/feel/let/make/have+O+do(动词 原形)④现在分词（表宾语正在做某事)： watch/see/hear/feel+O+doing ~双宾语：O和后面的名词/代词独立，无逻辑 主谓关系，可换位加to/for·宾补：O和后面的成 双宾语vs宾补辨析 分有逻辑主谓关系（宾语“是”宾补/“做”宾 补动作)，删去宾补后句子意思不完整 1.The mother bird keeps the eggs safe..(鸟妈妈让 鸟蛋保持安全)2.We call this kind of plant living fossil'?.(我们把这种植物叫做“活化 单元例句 石”)3.I watched the birds fly across the sky. (我看着鸟儿飞过天空)4.We can hear the river running far away.(我们能听到远处河流流 动的声音) √易错提醒：使役动词make/Iet/have、感官动词see/watch./hear/feel后接不定式作宾补时，必 须省略to;变为被动语态时要还原to。 即时即练（单项选择，每空 1.Trees can help keep the air in the city A.clean B.cleaning C.cleaned D.to clean 2.The workers made the nature reserve a safe home for wild animals A.become B.becomes C.became D.to become 3.People call this area "the lung of the city"because of the large forest. A./ B.is C.be D.to be 4.When I walked past the lake,I heard a little girl in the bush. A.cry B.cries C.crying D.cried 5.You should make your bedroom before your friends come to visit A.tidily B.tidy C.to tidy D.tidying 6.The scientist saw a rare red-crowned crane beside the wetland at 9 yesterday morning. A.stand B.stood C.standing D.to stand 7.We all call the experienced nature guide Uncle Li when we go hiking A./ B.is C.to be D.being 8.The cold weather made the lake last winter,so we could skate on it. A.freeze B.to freeze C.freezing D.froze 9.The teacher asked us to keep our eyes when we were doing the listening test about nature sounds. A.close B.closed 10.Look!The little boy is watching the ants A.carry B.carries 语法考点3：并列连词and/but/or/so 核心规则表 连词 逻辑关系 and 并列/顺承/递进 but 转折关系 or 选择/否定并列/警示 So 因果关系 √易错红线：①because和so不能同时出现在 出现在一个句子中。 即时即练（单项选择，每空 C.closing D.to close food along the path C.carrying D.carried 核心用法 单元例句 ①连接并列的单词、 短语、句子，表 1.Wetlands are home to “和、且、又”② fish and birds.2.Plant 用于“祈使句，and+ more trees,and the 般将来时句子”， 表“做某事，就 environment will become better 会…”（肯定条件 结果) 连接前后语义相反/相 The mountain is very 对的内容，表“但 high,but it is covered 是、然而”：不能与 with green plants all year although/though.连用 round. ①表“或者”，用于 选择疑问句、肯定句 1.You can watch birds 中表选择②否定句 or go hiking in the 中代替and表并列③ reserve.2.Don't pick 用于“祈使句，or+一 flowers or damage trees 般将来时句子”，表 in the park.3.Hury up, “做某事，否 or we will miss the 则…”（否定条件 sunrise on the top. 结果) It rained heavily last 表“所以、因此”， night,so the river 连接原因和结果；不 became wider this 能与because连用 moining 个句子中；②although/though和but不能同时 1.The forest is home to many kinds of plants animals. A.and B.but C.or D.so 2.The weather was very cold. many birds flew to the south for winter. A.and B.but C.or D.so 3.You can take a boat trip along the river climb the hill to enjoy the view. A.and B.but C.or D.so 4.The little streamis not wide, it is very clean and clear. A.and B.but C.or D.so 5.Be careful when you walk in the forest, you might get lost. A.and B,but C.or D.so 6.We should protect wetlands they provide food and shelter for wildlife. A.and B.but C.or D.so 7.There is no air water on the moon,so living things can't live there. A.and B.but C.or D.so 8.Take a map with you when you go hiking, you won't know the way back A.and B.but C.or D.so 9.The earthquake destroyed many houses, people tried their best to rebuild their homes. A.and B.but C.or D.so 10.Spring comes, all the flowers start to come out and trees turn green. A.and B.but C.or D.so 参考答案 考点1（双宾语结构)即时即练答案 1.B2.C3.D4.B5.C6.C7.D8.B9.B10.A 考点2（宾语补足语结构）即时即练答案 1.A2.A3.A4.C5.B6.C7.A8.A9.B10.C 考点3（并列连词)即时即练答案 1.A2.D3.C4.B5.C6.D7.C8.C9.B10.A