Unit 1 The Changing World-2026-2027学年九年级上册英语词汇语法讲练（人教版）

Unit 1 The Changing 词汇语法讲练 一、单元核心单词 序号 英文单词 音标 1 rough /raf/ sandstorm /'saendsto:m/ 3 farmland /'fa:rmlaend/ 4 shortage /fb:rtrd3/ 5 lack /1ek/ 6 bush /boS 7 root hu:t/ 8 soil /sorl/ sandy /'saendi/ 10 government /'gAvemnment/ 11 support /se'po:t/ 12 c01 /ko:rn/ 13 high-tech /har'tek/ 14 greenhouse /'gri:nhaus/ 15 highway /'harwer/ 16 railway /'rellwer/ 17 attraction /a'traek[n/ World 词性 中文释义 adj 崎岖的；粗略的 0 沙尘暴 2 耕地；农田 . 短缺；不足 n.&v 缺乏：短缺 0 灌木 n. 根；根源 n. 土壤 铺满沙子的：含 adj 沙的 2 政府 n.&v 支持 n. 玉米；谷物 adj 高科技的 n. 温室 n. 公路 n. 铁路 向往的地方；吸 n 引力 序号 英文单词 18 product 19 greatly 20 socialist 21 housing 22 electronic 23 audio 24 dirt 25 track 26 wide 27 connect 28 port 29 capital 30 benefit 31 convenient 32 business 33 ease 34 truck 35 manager 36 summary 37 narrow 38 villager 音标 词性 中文释义 /'prodakt/ 1. 产品 /'grertli/ adv. 大大地；非常 社会主义的：社 /'saufalrst/ adj.n. 会主义者 /'havzn/ n. 住房：住宅 I lek'tronik/ adj. 电子的 /'o:diau/ adj.&n. 音频的：音频 /d3t/ 1. 泥土：尘土 /traek/ n. 小路；轨道 /ward/ adj 宽的；宽阔的 连接；联系；交 /ka'nekt/ v.&n. 通线路 /po:t/ n. 港口 /'kaeprtl/ n. 首都 得益于：使受 /'benifit/ v.&n. 益；优势：益处 /ken'vi:nient/ adj. 方便的 /'bIznas/ 生意；商业 h:z/ 1n. 容易：自在 /trk/ n. 卡车 /'maenId3(1)/ n. 经理 /'sAmari/ n. 总结 /'naerau/ adj. 狭窄的 /'vilrd3a(r)/ n. 村民 序号 英文单词 音标 词性 中文释义 带领：过（某种 39 lead /li:d/ v.&n. 生活)；领先地 位：主角 人造的：非天然 40 man-made /maen'merd/ adj. 的 41 wonder /'wanda(r)/ n. 奇迹 低年级的：初级 42 junior /'d3u:nia(r)/ adj. 的 43 flat /flaet/ n. 公寓 44 discussion /dI'sk fn/ n. 讨论 45 aspect /'aespekt/ n. 方面 二、单元核心短语 序号 英文短语 中文释义 1 bring about 带来；引起 2 be covered with 被…覆盖 3 electronic payment 电子支付 be satisfied with 对…感到满意 5 with ease 轻而易举地 词汇短语练习 一、根据汉语意思或首字母，写出正确的单词。（每小题1分，共10分) 1.沙尘暴 2.短缺；不足 3.政府 g 4.支持 (s) 5.高科技的 h 6.产品 7.方便的 8村民 (v 9.奇迹 10.总结 二、 单项选择，选出最合适的一项。（每小题1分，共15分） 1.-The path is very We must walk carefully. A.wide B.rough C.narrow D.sandy 2.There is a serious of water in this area A.lack B.shortage C.short D.both A and B 3.The has taken many measures to protect the environment. A.govemment B.manager C.villager D.capital 4.Many trees will be planted to stop A.farmland B.sandstorm C.sandstorms D.dirt 5.The new policy has great changes in our lives. A.brought about B.brought up C.brought in D.brought out 6.The hill is green grass and beautiful flowers. A.covered with B.covered by C.covering with D.cover with 7.Now we can pay for things by phone.This is called A.electronic pay B.electronic payment C.electronics payment D.electric payment 8.The railway two big cities. A.connects B.connects to C.is connecting D.connect 9.Living in a city with a good subway system is very A.convenient B.wide C.narrow D.rough 10.Beijing is the of China. A.capital B.port C.highway D.railway 11.Many have moved to cities to find jobs. A.villagers B.managers C.governments D.capitalists 12.This bridge is a wonder built in 2020 A.man-made B.natural C.man making D,man 13.We should the new technology. A.benefit B.benefit from C.benefit to D.be benefit 14.The of the meeting is short but useful. A.summaiy B.discussion C.aspect D.product 15.He is a high school student. A.junior B.senior C.high D.primary 三、用所给单词的适当形式或对应词填空。（每小题1分，共10分） 1.The government (support)the farmers with new machines. 2.The ground (be covered with)thick snow after the storm. 3. (High-tech)equipment helps us grow vegetables in winter. 4.There is a (short)of clean water in some villages. 5.The new highway (connect)the capital and the port. 6.The villagers (lead)a happy life now. 7.He is (satisfy)with his new job 8.We can finish the work with (easy). 9.The (discuss)lasted for two hours. 10.Many (product)are made in China and sold all over the world 四、情景交际：补全对话。（每空2分，共20分） A:Hi,Wang Lei!Long time no see.How has your hometown changed? B:Great changes have (1) (带来)in my hometown.. A:Really?Tell me more. B:The(2) (公路)have become much(3) (宽的)and more people have cars. A:That's great!What about the environment? B:The(4) (政府)has planted many trees.Now(5) (沙尘暴)are less than before. A:I'm glad to hear that.Are there any new buildings? B:Yes,many new (6) (公寓)and(⑦ (温室)have been built..Also,we use(⑧) (电子的)payment everywhere A:That's so (9) (方便的)！ B:Indeed.I am (10) (满意的)with the changes.. 五、连词成句（注意标点和大小写）。（每题5分，共25分） 1.change,bring,about,great,the,policy → 2.covered,with,sand,the,field,is 3.convenient,very,payment,electronic,is → 4.goverment,the,support,farmers,should → 5.connected,railway,the,two,cities,by,are 参考答案 一、根据汉语意思或首字母，写出正确的单词 1.sandstorm 2.shortage 3.government 4.support 5.high-tech 6.product 7.convenient 8.villager 9.wonder 10.summary 二、单项选择 1.B2.D3.A4.C5.A6.A7.B8.A9.A10.A11.A12.A13.B14.A15.A 三、用所给单词的适当形式或对应词填空 1.supports 2.is covered with 3.High-tech 4.shortage 5.connects 6.lead 7.satisfied 8.ease 9.discussion 10. products 四、情景交际：补全对话 (1)brought about(2)highways (3)wider (4)government(5)sandstorms (6)flats (7)greenhouses(8)electronic (9)convenient(10)satisfied 五、连词成句 1.The great policy brought about change. 2.The field is covered with sand 3.Electronic payment is very convenient. 4.The government should support farmers. 5.The two cities are connected by railway. 单元语法讲练： 考点1：一般过去时 核心定义 描述纯粹发生在过去的动作/存在的状 实。 常见时间标志词 类别 具体过去时点 时间段+ago 过去场景 动词过去式变化规则 变化类型 变形方法 常规动词 词尾直接加-ed 词尾为e的动词 仅加-d 辅音字母+y结尾 变y为i,再加-ed 的动词 重读闭音节（辅 双写末尾辅音字 +元+辅) 母，再加-ed 无统一规则，单 不规则动词 独记忆 基本句型结构 句型类型 肯定句 主语 态，动作己完全结束，和现在无关联，仅陈述过去事 代表词汇 yesterday、last week/month/year、just now three days ago,five years ago i20l0、when I was young、at that time 单词示例 补充考点 清辅音后ed wok→vorked; 读/，浊辅音、 play→played 元音后ed读/d/, td后读/id live→lived; 无需重复写e hope→hoped 元音字母+y结尾 study→studied; 直接加-ed: ca1ny→ca1ied play→played 需同时满足：重 stop→stopped; 读、短元音、末 plan→planned 尾单个辅音三个 条件 g0→went; 中考高频不规则 see→saw; 动词需专项背诵 eat->ate 结构公式 例句解析 They visited the old factory last +动词过去式+其他 year.（去年参观，动作已结 束) 主语+didn't+动词原形+其 He didn't live here ten years ago. 否定句 他 (didn't后接动词原形) Did you take the bus to town Did+主语+动词原形+其 一般疑问句 yesterday??(Did提前，动词还 他？ 原) Where did you buy the old 疑问词+did+主语+动词原 特殊疑问句 phone?(疑问词前置，剩余结 形+其他？ 构同一般疑问句) 即学即练（一般过去时） 单项选择 1.My father to work by bike three years ago,but now he drives a car. A.go B.goes C.went D.has gone 2. you visit the new science museum last weekend? -Yes,I had a good time there A.Do B.Did C.Have D.Were 3. a letter to my pen pal in Guizhou yesterday evening A.write B.wrote C.will write D.have written 4.The small village a lot of poor families ten years ago. A.has B.have C.had D.is having 5.He his homework just now,so he can play basketball now A.finished B.finishes C.has finished D.finish 6.When I was 8 years old,I fly kites with my grandpa in spring. A.often fly B.often flew C.have often flown D.am often flying 7.They stop working until it was dark yesterday. A.don't B.didn't C.haven't D.won't 8.-Who the window just now?It's so cold outside A.breaks B.broke C.has broken D.is breaking 9.We a wonderful welcome party for the exchange students last Friday A.hold B.held C.have held D.will hold 10.I to Beijing for the first time in 2018 A.come B.came C.have come D.was coming 考点2：现在完成时（单元重难点） 核心定义 动作起点在过去，和现在有紧密联系，两层核心含义： ①过去发生的动作对现在造成直接结果/影响； ②动作从过去开始，持续到现在，可能还会继续下去。 基本结构 句型类型 结构公式 肯定句 主语+have/has+动词过去分词(p.p.)+其他 否定句 主语+have/has+not+动词过去分词+其他 一般疑问句 Have/Has+主语+动词过去分词+其他？ 疑问词+have/has+主语+动词过去分词+ 特殊疑问句 其他？ √搭配说明：主语为第三人称单数(he/she/it/单数名词)时用has,其余人称用have。 常见时间标志词 类别 代表词汇 用法提示 already多用于肯定句句中；yet 表“已经/尚未” already、yet just 多用于否定句/疑问句句末： jst表“刚刚” ever多用于疑问句，表“曾 表“曾经/从未” ever、never 经”；never表否定，“从未” once、twice、three 表次数 表示到目前为止的动作次数 times、.times since后接点时间（如2020、l1ast 表“从过去持续到现在” since叶过去时间点/从句： year),for后接段时间（如3 fo叶时间段 years) so far、in the past/last+时间 均表“到目前为止”的时间 其他高频标志 段、recently 段，用现在完成时 易混点提示 √have/has been to:曾经去过某地（已回来，人在本地) √have/has gone to:去了某地（还没回来，人不在本地）》 /非延续性动词(die、buy、join、leave、.borrow等)不能和表示一段时间的for/since连用， 要替换为对应的延续性表达： 非延续性动词 延续性替换 die be dead buy have ]01n be in/be a member of leave be away (from) bonrow keep begin/start be on 即学即练（现在完成时）单项选择 1.I this interesting book twice,so I know it very well A.read B.will read C.have read D.was reading 2.-Where is your mother,Lily? A.has been B.has gone C.went D.goes 3.We in this new neighborhood since 2021 A.live B.lived C.have lived D.will live 4.My grandpa in the old town for more than 50 years. A.has lived B.is living C.lives D.lived 5.- you ever to the mountain village to help the left-behind children? A.Do;go B.Did;go C.Have;been D.Have;gone 6.The film for ten minutes when we got to the cinema. A.has started B.has been on C.started D.starts 7.I finished my homework so I can hand it in now. A.have;already B.have;yet C.did;already D.did;yet 8.My brother the army for three years A.has joined B.has been in C.joined D.joins 9.So far,China great progress in reducing poverty(扶贫). A.makes B.made C.has made D.will make 10.-Have you seen the new documentary about China's development -Yes,I have seen it twice. A.already;yet B.yet;already C.already;never D.yet;never 考点3：一般过去时v$现在完成时核心辨析 核心辨析 对比维度 般过去时 现在完成时 仅和过去时间有关，和现在无 强调过去动作和现在的关联， 动作时间关联 关 对现在有影响/持续到现在 接明确的过去时间状语 不能和明确过去时间状语连 时间标志 (yesterday/ago/in 2010) 用，接already/yet/since/for等 陈述过去发生过这件事，不强 强调过去动作带来的现在结果/ 侧重点 调现在结果 状态 I cleaned the room this momning. I have cleaned the room.（已经 例句对比 (今早打扫过，现在干净与否 打扫完了，现在房间是干净 不确定) 的) 即学即练（时态辨析） 单项选择 1.1 to the new city park last week.It's really beautiful. A.went;have been B.have gone;went C.went;have gone D.have been;went 2.My grandma in the countryside when she was young,but she in the city with us for 10 years A.lived;has lived B.has lived;lived C.lives;lives D.lived;lives 3.- _you the new high-speed train?-Yes,I it last month. A.Did;take;took B.Have;taken;took C.Have;taken;have taken D.Did:take;have taken 4.I a letter from my pen pal yesterday,but I back to her yet. A.got;haven't written B.have got;didn't write C.got,didn't write D.have got;haven't written 5.The old man here ten years ago,and he here ever since. A.came;lived B.came;has lived C.has come;lived D.has come;has lived 6.-When you this new smartphone?-I it last month. A.have;bought;bought B.did,buy;have bought C.did;buy;bought D.have;bought;have bought 7.We many trees in the community last spring,and these trees bigger and bigger now. A.planted;have become B.have planted;became C.planted;became D.have planted;have become 8.-I know you to the old town of Lijiang.When did you go there? A.have been;went B.have gone;went C.went;have been D.went;went 9.Great changes in my hometown in the past ten years,and many tall buildings in2024. A.took place;built B.have taken place;were built C.took place;were built D.have taken place;built 10.-I'm sorry I my homework at home A.left;to bring B.have left;to bring C.left,bringing D.have left;bringing 参考答案 即学即练（一般过去时）答案 1.C2.B3.B4.C5.A6.B7.B8.B9.B10.B 即学即练（现在完成时）答案 1.C2.B3.C4.A5.C6.B7.A8.B9.C10.B 即学即练（时态辨析）答案 1.A2.A3.B4.A5.B6.C7.A8.A9.B10.B