Unit 4 The Earth-2026-2027学年七年级上册英语词汇语法讲练（沪教版）

Unit 4 The Earth 词汇语法讲练 一、单元核心单词 序号 单词 音标 1 system /'sIstom/ 2 file /fail/ 3 amazing /a'merzu/ 4 planet /'plaenrt/ 5 billion /'biljan/ 6 cover /kAva(r)/ 7 area /'earia/ 8 freezing /'fizu/ 9 north h3:0/ 10 pole /paul/ 11 desert /'dezat/ 12 metre /'mi:ta(r)/ 13 reach hi:tf/ 14 grain /gremn/ 15 wide /ward/ 16 whale /wed/ 17 butterfly /'bataflar/ 词性 中文释义 n. 系统 n. 档案 adj. 令人大为惊奇的 n. 行星 num. 十亿 V 盖；覆盖 n. 地区；地域 adj. 极冷的 n. 北：北方 (行星的)极： n. 地极 n. 沙漠；荒漠 n. 米 V. 足够达到 n. 谷粒 adj. 宽的；宽阔的 n. 鲸 n. 蝴蝶 18 provide 19 support 20 explore 21 disappear 22 plastic 23 pollution 24 protect 25 chemical 26 groundwater 27 bum 28 oil 29 gas 30 harmful 31 website 32 own 33 emperor 34 hunt 35 war 36 sandstorm 37 solution 38 blow 39 generation 二、单元核心短语 序号 短语 /pre'vard/ v 提供；供应 /se'po:t/ V. 支持；维持 /k'splo:(r)/ V. 探索 /dsa'pIe(①/ 消失；不见 /'plaestrk/ 塑料 /pe'lu:fn/ 污染 pra'tekt/ 保护 化学制品；化学 /'kemikl/ n. 品 /'graundwo:te(r)/ n. 地下水 3/ v. 燃烧：烧 /o1l/ n. 石油：原油 /gaes/ n 天然气 /'ha:mfl/ adj. 有害的 /'websart/ n. 网站 /e5/ adj. 自己的；本人的 /'empara(r)/ 之 皇帝 /hant/ 打猎 w3:)y 战争 /'saendsto:m/ 沙暴 /se'lu:fn/ 解决办法 /blau/ 刮；吹 /d3ena'rerfn/ n. (统称)一代人 音标 中文释义 solar system /'seule(）I'sIstom/ 太阳系 fact file /faekt farl/ 事实档案 be covered by /bi 'kavad bar/ 被…覆盖 as far as we know /aez fa:(1)aez wi:nau/ 据我们所知 sea level /si:'levl/ 海平面 what's more /wpts m:(1)/ 更重要的是 provide ..with... /pre'vaId...wIo.. 提供；供应：给予 8 take care of /terk kea(r)Dv/ 照顾；照料 plastic pollution /'plaestrk pa'lu:fn/ 塑料污染 10 cut down /kat daun/ 砍倒 11 hundreds of /'handradz pv/ 数以百计 12 blow away /blau a'wer/ 吹走 词汇短语练习 一、根据汉语提示或首字母写出正确的单词。（每空1分，共10分） 1.地球是太阳系中的一颗 (行星)。 2.北极和南极是地球上最 (极冷的)的地方。 3.森林 (覆盖)了地球约30%的陆地面积。 4.我们需要 (保护)环境，减少污染。 5.塑料制品很难自然 (消失)。 6.科学家正在 (探索)宇宙的奥秘。 7.燃烧煤和 (石油)会产生有害气体。 8.沙尘暴(sandstorm）会 (刮：吹)走表层的土壤。 9.过度 (打猎)导致许多动物濒临灭绝。 10.解决环境问题需要每一 (一代人)的努力。 二、单项选择，选出最合适的一项。（每小题1分，共15分） 1.The Earth is a in the solar system. A.star B.planet C.moon D.satellite 2.The North Pole is cold in winter. A.freezing B.warm C.hot D.cool 3.About 71%of the Earth's surface water. A.is covered by B.are covered by C.cover D.covers 4.We should trees to protect the environment. A.cut down B.take care of C.blow away D.provide with 5.The of plastic waste is a serious problem. A.pollution B.solution C.support D.system 6.Many animals because of human activities. A.protect B.explore C.disappear D.reach 7.The Sahara is the largest in the world. A.desert B.forest C.sea D.mountain 8.We must find a to reduce air pollution A.file B.solution C.grain D.website 9.The wind can the soil away. A.burn B.blow C.hunt D.cover 10. the Earth is the only planet with life A.What's more B.As far as we know C.Sea level D.Fact file 11.Oil and gas are to the environment if we burn them. A.harmful B.amazing C.wide D.own 12.The government should people clean water A.provide...with B.take...of C.cut...down D.blow ..away 13.A is a small grain that birds eat. A.metre B.butterfly C.grain D.whale 14.The of the river is about 100 metres. A.area B.width C.north D.pole 15.There are of stars in the sky. A.billion B.hundreds C.hundreds of D.billion of 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 (每空1分，共10分) 1.The solar (system)is huge 2.We need to (protection)the Earth 3.Many (butterfly)are flying in the garden. 4.The (freeze)weather made the river ice. 5.Trees (provide)us with oxygen. 6.What's the (solve)to plastic pollution? 7.The ground (cover)with snow in winter. 8.We should stop (burn)coal. 9.The (explore)of space is exciting 10.Or (chemical)factory is closed. 四、从方框中选择合适的单词或短语，补全短文。（每空2分，共10分） The Earth is a planet in the (1) About 71%ofits surface (2) water.We must(3) our planet because (4) is a serious problem.Everyone can find a (5) to help reduce waste. 五、连词成句（注意标点和大小写）。（每小题5分，共25分） 1.the,is,planet,Earth,a(.) → 2.we,protect,should,the Earth (. → 3.harmful,is,plastic,for,environment,the (. → 4.solution,there,is,a,to,pollution (? → 5.cut,don't,down,trees,too many ( 参考答案 一、根据汉语提示或首字母 1.planet 2.freezing 3.covers 4.protect 5.disappear 6.exploring 7.oil 8.blow 9.hunting 10.generation 二、单项选择 1.B2.A3.A4.B5.A6.C7.A8.B9.B10.B11.A12.A13.C14.B15.C 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.system 2.protect 3.butterflies 4.freezing 5.provide 6.solution 7.is covered 8.buming 9.exploration 10. chemical 四、补全短文 (1)solar system (2)is covered by (3)take care of(4)plastic pollutio 五、连词成句 1.The Earth is a planet 2.We should protect the Earth 3.Plastic is harmful for the environment. 4.Is there a solution to pollution? 5.Don't cut down too many trees. 单元语法讲练： 语法点1：可数名词与不可数名词 核心规则表 分类 定义 常见代表（本单 元主题相关) 单数：planet, 可以直接用数目 desert,mountain, 计数的名词，分 river,field,forest 可数名词 为单数、复数两 复数：planets, 种形式 deserts,mountains, nvers water,air, 无法直接用数目 pollution,oil,gas, 不可数名词 计数的名词，无 land,sea,plastic, 复数形式 groundwater 易错提醒 √room表"空间"时不可数，表"房间"时可数 n(5)solution 量词搭配规则 be动词搭配 可直接搭配a/an 数词表数量：a mountain,3 单数用is,复数用 rivers;也可搭配 are 量词：many/few/a number of升复数 不可直接加a/an 数词，需搭配量 词表数量： much/little/a lot 一律视为单数， of计不可数；用量 be动词用is 词表具体数量：a glass of water,2 tons of oil √f五h表”鱼肉"时不可数，表”鱼的种类"时可数 即学即练（可数名词与不可数名词)单项选择 1.There is on the Earth,and people need to save it. A.many water B.much water C.many waters D.much waters 2.We can see different in the forest,like trees,flowers and birds A.plant B.plants C.a plant D.planties 3.There is a lot of from factories,and it is bad for our health. A.pollution B.pollutions C.pollute D.pollutes 4.How many are there near your hometown? A.mountain B.montains C.mountains D.a mountain 5.Please give me two of milk to drink A.glass B.glasses C.cup D.piece 6.There lots of fish in this river 10 years ago,but now there are few A.is B.are C.was D.were 7.We shouldn't throw too much into the sea.It will kill sea animals. A.plastic B.plastics C.plastic bag D.bottle 8.People burn to get energy,but it causes air pollution. A.many oil B.few oil C.a lot of oil D.a number of oil 9.There are 7 in the world,and the Pacific is the largest one. A.sea B.seas C.water D.ocean 10.We need to plant more to make the Earth greener. A.tree B.trees C.much tree D.a trees 语法点2：There be句型 核心规则表 维度 规则说明 例句（本单元主题相关） There are many forests on the 表"某地/某时存在某人/某 Eath.地球上有很多森林。 核心含义 物”，强调存在关系，区别于 (存在)We have only one have/has(表所属的"拥有") Eath.我们只有一个地球。 (拥有) be动词的单复数由离它最近的 There is a river and two hills in 名词决定：①最近的是单数 the park.(离be最近的是a 主谓一致 就近原则 可数名词/不可数名词→be用 river,is)There are two hills is/was②最近的是复数可数名 and a river in the park.(离be最 词→be用aIre/weIe 近的是two hills,用are) 肯定句：There be+名词+状 语 否定：There isn't any clean 否定句：There be+not+名词 water in this area. 句式变化 +状语(some变any) 般疑问：Are there any dese1ts 一般疑问句：Be+here+名词 near here? +状语？(some变any) 特殊疑问：How many planets 特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+ are there in the solar system? there+状语？ 一般现在时：There is/ae一般 过去时：There was/were一般 时态变化 There will be more pollution if we 将来时：There will be/There don't protect the Earth is/are going to be 即学即练(There be句型)单项选择 1. a beautiful lake near the village,and many people go boating there in summer. A.There are B.There is C.Have D.Has 2.There lots of clean groundwater here 20 years ago,but now it is dirty. A.is B.are C.was D.were 3.Are there animals living in the desert? A.some B.any C.much D.a little 4.There a cat and three dogs under the tree just now. A.is B.are C.was D.were 5. more trees if we take action to protect the environment next year A.There are B.There were C.There will be D.There will have 6. is there in the bottle?-Only a little water. A.How many B.How much C.How long D.How often 7.There any fish in this polluted river now.We must stop pouring dirty water into it. A.isn't B.aren't C.is D.are 8.There different kinds of plants in the tropical forest A.is B.are C.has D.have 9. there a sports meeting in your school last week?-Yes,there was A.Is B.Are C.Was D.Were 10.There lots of information about protecting the Earth on this website.You can read it. A.is B.are C.have D.has 参考答案 即学即练（可数名词与不可数名词） 1.B2.B3.A4.C5.B6.D7.A8.C9.B10.B 即学即练(There be句型) 1.B2.C3.B4.C5.C6.B7.A8.B9.C10.A