Unit 4 Grammar, word power & integration（导学案）英语新教材译林版八年级上册

该初中英语导学案围绕“Unit 4 Hands-on fun”主题，聚焦DIY手工核心词汇、un-/in-/im-否定前缀、祈使句及should/had better表建议语法，结合扎染等手工制作情境导入，通过词汇讲解、语法练习搭建从基础识别到综合输出的学习支架，衔接前后知识脉络。 资料亮点在于迁移创新设计，引导学生描述手工流程、完成DIY日记写作及小组交流，提升语言能力。否定前缀辨析与语气区分培养思维品质，分层练习与思维导图辅助自主学习，落实学习能力培养，习题贴近生活情境，增强应用实效。

Unit 4 Hands-on fun Grammar, Word power & Integration导学案 1. 学习理解：能识别、认读并掌握DIY手工主题核心词汇与否定前缀衍生词汇，掌握祈使句、should/had better表建议的核心语法结构，理解un-/in-/im-否定前缀构词规则，读懂扎染、手工制作相关短文与对话语境。 2. 应用实践：能熟练运用祈使句发出操作指令、用should (not)/had better (not) 给出DIY相关建议；能准确辨析并使用三类否定前缀构成反义词；能在听力中捕捉手工制作流程、工具、感受等关键信息，完成填空、补全语段等任务。 3. 迁移创新：能结合所学知识，完整描述手工制作全过程，包含步骤、工具、感受等要素；能独立完成DIY主题日记写作，灵活运用语法、新词与固定句型；能小组交流分享手工体验，实现语言综合输出。 重点： 1. 掌握祈使句的基本结构、肯定/否定形式及礼貌用法，能用于描述手工操作步骤。 2. 熟练运用should (not)、had better (not) 提出合理建议，区分两者语气差异与使用场景。 3. 掌握un-、in-、im-三类否定前缀的构词规则，能正确拼写、辨析反义词并在语境中运用。 4. 掌握扎染、手工制作相关核心短语与句式，读懂综合拓展语段。 难点： 1. 精准区分should与had better的语气强弱，在不同语境中规范使用。 2. 准确辨析三类否定前缀的适配形容词，避免构词错误，灵活运用否定词汇描述事物特征。 3. 整合语法、词汇、句型，连贯、有条理地描述手工制作流程与个人体验，完成规范写作输出。 一、单词填空 1. 组装架子 ___________________________ 2. 制作纸玫瑰 ___________________________ 3. 犯错 ___________________________ 4. 断电 ___________________________ 5. 乱七八糟 ___________________________ 6. 吸引某人注意 ___________________________ 7. 上色；染色 ___________________________ 8. 解开（绳结）___________________________ 9. 传统工艺 ___________________________ 10. 亲手制作 ___________________________ 二、翻译 1. 我们最好先清理鸟屋。(had better) _________________________________________________________________________ 2. 你应该仔细阅读使用说明，不要操作太快。(should/should not) _________________________________________________________________________ 3. 对我来说，动手制作东西是很有趣且有意义的。(It’s + adj. + for sb. to do sth.) _________________________________________________________________________ 知识点1：be crazy about 例句：I’m crazy about DIY, but I sometimes make mistakes. (P53) 【用法讲解】 1. 短语意为“热衷于、痴迷于”，后接名词、代词或动名词。 2. 词性拓展：crazy adj. 狂热的，迷恋的。 例句：He is crazy about making handmade gifts. 他痴迷于制作手工礼物。 知识点2：make mistakes 例句：I sometimes make mistakes in DIY. (P53) 【用法讲解】 1. mistake n. 错误，失误；make mistakes / make a mistake犯错误。 2. 拓展搭配：by mistake 错误地；mistake...for... 把……错当成……。 例句：Don’t be afraid to make mistakes when learning DIY skills. 学习手工技能时不要怕犯错。 知识点3：catch one’s eye 例句：A floor lamp there caught my eye. (P51) 【用法讲解】 1. 短语意为“引起某人注意、吸引某人目光”，主语多为事物。 2. 时态变化：catch的过去式、过去分词为caught，属于不规则变化。 例句：The colourful tie-dyed T-shirt caught everyone’s eye. 这件彩色扎染T恤吸引了所有人的目光。 知识点4：in a mess 例句：My room was in a mess after painting. (P53) 【用法讲解】 1. mess n. 杂乱、不整洁；in a mess 乱七八糟、一团糟，描述环境、物品混乱的状态。 2. 拓展：make a mess 弄得一团糟；messy adj. 凌乱的。 例句：Be careful not to make a mess when using glue. 使用胶水时小心不要弄得脏乱。 知识点5：instead 例句：I decided to paint the shelves instead. (P53) 【用法讲解】 1. instead adv. 反而、取而代之，单独使用，置于句首或句末，表转折替代。 2. 拓展搭配：instead of + 名词/动名词，意为“代替、而不是”。 例句：I didn’t watch TV. I did DIY instead. 我没看电视，反而做了手工。 She painted the box instead of buying a new one. 她没有买新盒子，而是自己刷了一个。 知识点6：fill...with... 例句：He hit a water pipe and filled the room with water. (P50) 【用法讲解】 1. 结构：fill + 容器/地点 + with + 填充物，意为“用……填满……”。 2. 被动搭配：be filled with = be full of 充满……。 例句：She filled the bottle with dye. 她把瓶子装满染料。 知识点7：not only...but also... 例句：Tie-dyeing is not only a form of art but also a lifestyle. (P57) 【用法讲解】 1. 句型意为“不仅……而且……”，连接两个并列的名词、形容词、句子等成分。 2. 主谓一致规则：遵循就近原则，谓语动词单复数由靠近它的主语决定。 例句：DIY is not only fun but also helpful. 手工制作不仅有趣而且有益。 知识点8：take a course 例句：I plan to take a course in DIY. (P53) 【用法讲解】 1. course n. 课程；take a course (in sth) 参加（某方面）课程。 2. 拓展：online course 网课，贴合本单元DIY线上学习的语境。 例句：He took an online DIY course to improve his skills. 他参加了手工网课提升技能。 知识点9：complete 例句：When our job is complete, we’ll see some lovely roses. (P49) 【用法讲解】 1. adj. 完成的、完整的（本句用法），反义词 incomplete（in-前缀变形）。 2. vt. 完成、做完，后接任务、作品、工程等名词。 例句：I completed my tie-dye work in an hour. 我一小时就完成了我的扎染作品。 一、用单词的适当形式填空 1．Guys, ________ (raise) your hands if you have any questions. 2．She said we had better ________ (practise) more often and improve teamwork. 3．We’d better ________ (tell) Mr. Zhang about his illness. It may worry him. 4．________ (tell) me the truth when you know it, please. 5．________ (follow) these suggestions, and I believe your grades will be better in the next test. 6．___________ (add) the milk and the salt to the potatoes. 7．Remaining ________ (active) for too long may weaken your muscles. So take more exercise. 8．During the National Day holiday, we had a(n) ________ (usual) trip to the Huangshan mountain, seeing amazing views we’d never seen before. 9．________ (not let) the boy play computer games again. 10．Zhang Guimei is a(n) ________ (usual) teacher. She set up the first free girls’ high school in 2008. 11．I think the professor’s tips are really ________ (reason). 12．We must ________ (reduce) any kind of pollution. 13．When I walked past the field, I saw an old farmer ________ (tie) a sheep to the tree and he left in a hurry. 14．Nancy really wonders whose ________ (glove) these are on the shelf. 15．Don’t be rude. You shouldn’t speak to her in such an _________ (polite) way. 二、根据汉语提示填单词 16．Don’t ________ yourself ________ (和……相比) others. 17．Close your eyes and ________ (想象) that you are in a forest. 18．Please don’t ________ (争吵) with each other. You should find a way out together. 19．Please ________ (提醒) me about my passport before I leave. 20．Don’t ________ (忘记) to add some salt to the soup. 21．Come on, Sam. ________ (相信) in yourself. You can make your dream come true. 22．Please ________ (倒) some water into the cup. 23．Don’t ________ (触摸) the things in the museum. 24．As ________ (平时的), Lucy got up very early this morning. 25．DIY can bring us joy and ________ (减少) the cost of living. 26．They _______ (捆) the boxes together yesterday to make them easier to carry. 27．Now industrial ________ (废料) has been one of the most serious problems. 28．John used different ________ (方法) to solve the math problems quickly and correctly. 29．The ________ (结果) of the exam made me happy. 30．This kind of ________ (产品) is the most popular one in our shop. 三、单项选择 31．Don’t throw things everywhere in your bedroom. You ________ put away all the tools. A．might B．could C．should D．would 32．You’d better ________ the same mistakes in tomorrow’s test, or you’ll lose points again. A．repeat B．not to repeat C．not repeat D．to repeat 33．________ all the changes in life, and you will enjoy life more. This is what our teacher always tells us. A．Welcoming B．To welcome C．Welcome D．Welcomes 34．You ________ not stay up late tonight. You have an important exam early tomorrow morning. A．can B．should C．must D．need 35．Please read the ________ carefully before using the sweeping robot, and then you can use it by yourself. A．ingredients B．instructions C．industries D．interests 36．Let’s ________ a plan to teach the elderly how to use cloud tools. A．make B．makes C．making D．to make 37．You look tired. You had better ________ a good rest. A．stop to have B．stop having C．to stop to have D．to stop having 38．________ the toys, Mary. They are everywhere. A．Putting away B．To put away C．Put away D．Puts away 39．—I’m having problems using this camera. What should I do? —You’d better read the ________ first. It will tell you how to use it. A．novels B．details C．instructions D．designs 40．Which word can form a new word by adding the prefix “un-”? A．possible B．active C．usual D．correct 41．She ________ a few articles from the newspaper a few minutes ago. A．cut down B．cut in C．cut off D．cut out 42．—It’s too difficult for me to learn Physics. —Never ________. Believe in yourself. A．look up B．put away C．keep on D．give up 43．You’d better ________ vegetables of different colours to make the dish look ________ it tastes. A．use; as good as B．to use; as good as C．use; as well as D．to use; as well as 44．Our school asks students to bring their own water cups in order to ________ the use of plastic bottles. A．reduce B．return C．record D．repeat 45．—Are there any good ways to save water, Miss Wang? —Yes. ________, turn off the tap when brushing your teeth. A．Such as B．At first C．However D．For example 46．________ a winter morning, my father fell ________ his bike ________ the ground. A．In; from; to B．At; down; to C．During; out; on D．On; off; onto 47．Tears of joy ran down her face when she heard the good news. A．happiness B．health C．dream D．danger 48．The engineer that we invited last week has ________ knowledge ________ experience. We all respect him. A．neither; nor B．not; but C．not only; but also D．either; or 49．As we know, tie-dye is ________ ancient art with ________ history of over 1,500 years. A．the; the B．an; a C．an; the D．an; / 50．—English is very important, so please don’t ________. —Thank you! ________ good advice you have given me! A．give it up; What a B．give it up; What C．give up it; How D．give up it; How a 四、短文填空 It was Friday afternoon. After getting off the school bus, Laura ran into the house 51 (happy). “How was school going, Laura?” asked her mum. “It was great, Mum. Labour Day (劳动节) is coming. I am excited. I will have no schoolwork 52 I won’t go to school next Monday!” Laura’s dad 53 (wake) her up early on Labour Day morning. He said that in honour of Labour Day, the family planned to do some 54 (clean). Laura couldn’t believe it. She began to wonder if this was just a bad dream. “Laura, your breakfast is ready. We have many things to do today. Let’s get moving,” said Laura’s mum. Laura asked her parents, “Are you serious 55 working today? Isn’t Labour Day a holiday?” “Yes, Laura, it is,” replied her dad. “But your mum and I thought working hard today would make you realize why Labour Day was celebrated in the 56 (begin).” Laura disliked the plan, but she had no choice. First, she was asked to wash the breakfast dishes. After that, her dad 57 (tell) her to give their dog a bath. It was a hard task, which needed a lot of careful work. She began the work unhappily. But things began to change as she was doing the chores. She found that it was so interesting with so many soap bubbles when she brushed the dog. Then it was yard work and she helped to pick up sticks. When she finished her chores, Laura felt happy 58 (see) the yard looked much cleaner than before. Holidays are not necessarily for fun or rest. Doing something 59 (mean) can also get special pleasure. Maybe this is 60 spirit of Labour Day. 1．本节课核心知识（结合课堂知识总结）：_________________________________________________ 2．今日错题 / 不懂的内容：_______________________________________________________________ 3．出错 / 听不懂的原因：□概念不会 □审题马虎 □思路没掌握 □其他________________________ 4．我的改进小计划： _________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Hands-on fun Grammar, Word power & Integration导学案 1. 学习理解：能识别、认读并掌握DIY手工主题核心词汇与否定前缀衍生词汇，掌握祈使句、should/had better表建议的核心语法结构，理解un-/in-/im-否定前缀构词规则，读懂扎染、手工制作相关短文与对话语境。 2. 应用实践：能熟练运用祈使句发出操作指令、用should (not)/had better (not) 给出DIY相关建议；能准确辨析并使用三类否定前缀构成反义词；能在听力中捕捉手工制作流程、工具、感受等关键信息，完成填空、补全语段等任务。 3. 迁移创新：能结合所学知识，完整描述手工制作全过程，包含步骤、工具、感受等要素；能独立完成DIY主题日记写作，灵活运用语法、新词与固定句型；能小组交流分享手工体验，实现语言综合输出。 重点： 1. 掌握祈使句的基本结构、肯定/否定形式及礼貌用法，能用于描述手工操作步骤。 2. 熟练运用should (not)、had better (not) 提出合理建议，区分两者语气差异与使用场景。 3. 掌握un-、in-、im-三类否定前缀的构词规则，能正确拼写、辨析反义词并在语境中运用。 4. 掌握扎染、手工制作相关核心短语与句式，读懂综合拓展语段。 难点： 1. 精准区分should与had better的语气强弱，在不同语境中规范使用。 2. 准确辨析三类否定前缀的适配形容词，避免构词错误，灵活运用否定词汇描述事物特征。 3. 整合语法、词汇、句型，连贯、有条理地描述手工制作流程与个人体验，完成规范写作输出。 一、单词填空 1. 组装架子 ___________________________ 2. 制作纸玫瑰 ___________________________ 3. 犯错 ___________________________ 4. 断电 ___________________________ 5. 乱七八糟 ___________________________ 6. 吸引某人注意 ___________________________ 7. 上色；染色 ___________________________ 8. 解开（绳结）___________________________ 9. 传统工艺 ___________________________ 10. 亲手制作 ___________________________ 【答案】 1. put together a shelf 2. make paper roses 3. make a mistake 4. have a power cut 5. in a mess 6. catch one’s eye 7. colour/dye 8. untie 9. traditional craft 10. make by hand 二、翻译 1. 我们最好先清理鸟屋。(had better) _________________________________________________________________________ 2. 你应该仔细阅读使用说明，不要操作太快。(should/should not) _________________________________________________________________________ 3. 对我来说，动手制作东西是很有趣且有意义的。(It’s + adj. + for sb. to do sth.) _________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 1. We’d better clean the bird house first. 2. You should read the instructions carefully and you shouldn’t go too fast. 3. It’s very interesting and meaningful for me to make things by hand. 知识点1：be crazy about 例句：I’m crazy about DIY, but I sometimes make mistakes. (P53) 【用法讲解】 1. 短语意为“热衷于、痴迷于”，后接名词、代词或动名词。 2. 词性拓展：crazy adj. 狂热的，迷恋的。 例句：He is crazy about making handmade gifts. 他痴迷于制作手工礼物。 知识点2：make mistakes 例句：I sometimes make mistakes in DIY. (P53) 【用法讲解】 1. mistake n. 错误，失误；make mistakes / make a mistake犯错误。 2. 拓展搭配：by mistake 错误地；mistake...for... 把……错当成……。 例句：Don’t be afraid to make mistakes when learning DIY skills. 学习手工技能时不要怕犯错。 知识点3：catch one’s eye 例句：A floor lamp there caught my eye. (P51) 【用法讲解】 1. 短语意为“引起某人注意、吸引某人目光”，主语多为事物。 2. 时态变化：catch的过去式、过去分词为caught，属于不规则变化。 例句：The colourful tie-dyed T-shirt caught everyone’s eye. 这件彩色扎染T恤吸引了所有人的目光。 知识点4：in a mess 例句：My room was in a mess after painting. (P53) 【用法讲解】 1. mess n. 杂乱、不整洁；in a mess 乱七八糟、一团糟，描述环境、物品混乱的状态。 2. 拓展：make a mess 弄得一团糟；messy adj. 凌乱的。 例句：Be careful not to make a mess when using glue. 使用胶水时小心不要弄得脏乱。 知识点5：instead 例句：I decided to paint the shelves instead. (P53) 【用法讲解】 1. instead adv. 反而、取而代之，单独使用，置于句首或句末，表转折替代。 2. 拓展搭配：instead of + 名词/动名词，意为“代替、而不是”。 例句：I didn’t watch TV. I did DIY instead. 我没看电视，反而做了手工。 She painted the box instead of buying a new one. 她没有买新盒子，而是自己刷了一个。 知识点6：fill...with... 例句：He hit a water pipe and filled the room with water. (P50) 【用法讲解】 1. 结构：fill + 容器/地点 + with + 填充物，意为“用……填满……”。 2. 被动搭配：be filled with = be full of 充满……。 例句：She filled the bottle with dye. 她把瓶子装满染料。 知识点7：not only...but also... 例句：Tie-dyeing is not only a form of art but also a lifestyle. (P57) 【用法讲解】 1. 句型意为“不仅……而且……”，连接两个并列的名词、形容词、句子等成分。 2. 主谓一致规则：遵循就近原则，谓语动词单复数由靠近它的主语决定。 例句：DIY is not only fun but also helpful. 手工制作不仅有趣而且有益。 知识点8：take a course 例句：I plan to take a course in DIY. (P53) 【用法讲解】 1. course n. 课程；take a course (in sth) 参加（某方面）课程。 2. 拓展：online course 网课，贴合本单元DIY线上学习的语境。 例句：He took an online DIY course to improve his skills. 他参加了手工网课提升技能。 知识点9：complete 例句：When our job is complete, we’ll see some lovely roses. (P49) 【用法讲解】 1. adj. 完成的、完整的（本句用法），反义词 incomplete（in-前缀变形）。 2. vt. 完成、做完，后接任务、作品、工程等名词。 例句：I completed my tie-dye work in an hour. 我一小时就完成了我的扎染作品。 一、用单词的适当形式填空 1．Guys, ________ (raise) your hands if you have any questions. 2．She said we had better ________ (practise) more often and improve teamwork. 3．We’d better ________ (tell) Mr. Zhang about his illness. It may worry him. 4．________ (tell) me the truth when you know it, please. 5．________ (follow) these suggestions, and I believe your grades will be better in the next test. 6．___________ (add) the milk and the salt to the potatoes. 7．Remaining ________ (active) for too long may weaken your muscles. So take more exercise. 8．During the National Day holiday, we had a(n) ________ (usual) trip to the Huangshan mountain, seeing amazing views we’d never seen before. 9．________ (not let) the boy play computer games again. 10．Zhang Guimei is a(n) ________ (usual) teacher. She set up the first free girls’ high school in 2008. 11．I think the professor’s tips are really ________ (reason). 12．We must ________ (reduce) any kind of pollution. 13．When I walked past the field, I saw an old farmer ________ (tie) a sheep to the tree and he left in a hurry. 14．Nancy really wonders whose ________ (glove) these are on the shelf. 15．Don’t be rude. You shouldn’t speak to her in such an _________ (polite) way. 二、根据汉语提示填单词 16．Don’t ________ yourself ________ (和……相比) others. 17．Close your eyes and ________ (想象) that you are in a forest. 18．Please don’t ________ (争吵) with each other. You should find a way out together. 19．Please ________ (提醒) me about my passport before I leave. 20．Don’t ________ (忘记) to add some salt to the soup. 21．Come on, Sam. ________ (相信) in yourself. You can make your dream come true. 22．Please ________ (倒) some water into the cup. 23．Don’t ________ (触摸) the things in the museum. 24．As ________ (平时的), Lucy got up very early this morning. 25．DIY can bring us joy and ________ (减少) the cost of living. 26．They _______ (捆) the boxes together yesterday to make them easier to carry. 27．Now industrial ________ (废料) has been one of the most serious problems. 28．John used different ________ (方法) to solve the math problems quickly and correctly. 29．The ________ (结果) of the exam made me happy. 30．This kind of ________ (产品) is the most popular one in our shop. 三、单项选择 31．Don’t throw things everywhere in your bedroom. You ________ put away all the tools. A．might B．could C．should D．would 32．You’d better ________ the same mistakes in tomorrow’s test, or you’ll lose points again. A．repeat B．not to repeat C．not repeat D．to repeat 33．________ all the changes in life, and you will enjoy life more. This is what our teacher always tells us. A．Welcoming B．To welcome C．Welcome D．Welcomes 34．You ________ not stay up late tonight. You have an important exam early tomorrow morning. A．can B．should C．must D．need 35．Please read the ________ carefully before using the sweeping robot, and then you can use it by yourself. A．ingredients B．instructions C．industries D．interests 36．Let’s ________ a plan to teach the elderly how to use cloud tools. A．make B．makes C．making D．to make 37．You look tired. You had better ________ a good rest. A．stop to have B．stop having C．to stop to have D．to stop having 38．________ the toys, Mary. They are everywhere. A．Putting away B．To put away C．Put away D．Puts away 39．—I’m having problems using this camera. What should I do? —You’d better read the ________ first. It will tell you how to use it. A．novels B．details C．instructions D．designs 40．Which word can form a new word by adding the prefix “un-”? A．possible B．active C．usual D．correct 41．She ________ a few articles from the newspaper a few minutes ago. A．cut down B．cut in C．cut off D．cut out 42．—It’s too difficult for me to learn Physics. —Never ________. Believe in yourself. A．look up B．put away C．keep on D．give up 43．You’d better ________ vegetables of different colours to make the dish look ________ it tastes. A．use; as good as B．to use; as good as C．use; as well as D．to use; as well as 44．Our school asks students to bring their own water cups in order to ________ the use of plastic bottles. A．reduce B．return C．record D．repeat 45．—Are there any good ways to save water, Miss Wang? —Yes. ________, turn off the tap when brushing your teeth. A．Such as B．At first C．However D．For example 46．________ a winter morning, my father fell ________ his bike ________ the ground. A．In; from; to B．At; down; to C．During; out; on D．On; off; onto 47．Tears of joy ran down her face when she heard the good news. A．happiness B．health C．dream D．danger 48．The engineer that we invited last week has ________ knowledge ________ experience. We all respect him. A．neither; nor B．not; but C．not only; but also D．either; or 49．As we know, tie-dye is ________ ancient art with ________ history of over 1,500 years. A．the; the B．an; a C．an; the D．an; / 50．—English is very important, so please don’t ________. —Thank you! ________ good advice you have given me! A．give it up; What a B．give it up; What C．give up it; How D．give up it; How a 四、短文填空 It was Friday afternoon. After getting off the school bus, Laura ran into the house 51 (happy). “How was school going, Laura?” asked her mum. “It was great, Mum. Labour Day (劳动节) is coming. I am excited. I will have no schoolwork 52 I won’t go to school next Monday!” Laura’s dad 53 (wake) her up early on Labour Day morning. He said that in honour of Labour Day, the family planned to do some 54 (clean). Laura couldn’t believe it. She began to wonder if this was just a bad dream. “Laura, your breakfast is ready. We have many things to do today. Let’s get moving,” said Laura’s mum. Laura asked her parents, “Are you serious 55 working today? Isn’t Labour Day a holiday?” “Yes, Laura, it is,” replied her dad. “But your mum and I thought working hard today would make you realize why Labour Day was celebrated in the 56 (begin).” Laura disliked the plan, but she had no choice. First, she was asked to wash the breakfast dishes. After that, her dad 57 (tell) her to give their dog a bath. It was a hard task, which needed a lot of careful work. She began the work unhappily. But things began to change as she was doing the chores. She found that it was so interesting with so many soap bubbles when she brushed the dog. Then it was yard work and she helped to pick up sticks. When she finished her chores, Laura felt happy 58 (see) the yard looked much cleaner than before. Holidays are not necessarily for fun or rest. Doing something 59 (mean) can also get special pleasure. Maybe this is 60 spirit of Labour Day. 参考答案 一、 1．raise 【解析】句意：同学们，如果你们有任何问题，请举手。这是一个祈使句，用来发出指令、提出要求，祈使句以动词原形开头，因此填raise，符合句子语境和语法要求。 2．practise 【解析】句意：她说我们最好更频繁地练习，提升团队协作能力。practise“练习”，动词；“had better do sth”表示“最好做某事”，此处填动词原形。故填practise。 3．not tell 【解析】句意：我们最好不要把张先生的病情告诉他，这可能会让他担心。根据提示可知，此处考查固定搭配had better (not) do sth.最好（不）做某事，后接动词原形，故填not tell。 4．Tell 【解析】句意：当你知道真相时，请告诉我。该句是祈使句的肯定形式，以动词原形开头，句首首字母大写。故填Tell。 5．Follow 【解析】句意：遵循这些建议，我相信你在下次考试中的成绩会更好。follow“遵循”，祈使句以动词原形开头，句首字母大写。故填Follow。 6．Add 【解析】句意：把牛奶和盐加到土豆里。根据句子结构，这是一个祈使句，祈使句通常以动词原形开头，表示命令、建议或请求。add“添加”，动词，在这里使用其原形Add，句首首字母大写。故填Add。 7．inactive 【解析】句意：长时间保持不活跃状态可能会削弱你的肌肉。所以要多锻炼。根据“may weaken your muscles”可知，长时间不活动会使肌肉变弱，因此此处应用active的反义词inactive，表示“不活跃的”，在句中作表语。故填inactive。 8．unusual 【解析】句意：国庆假期期间，我们去黄山进行了一次不同寻常的旅行，看到了以前从未见过的壮丽景色。“usual”意为“寻常的、通常的”；根据“seeing amazing views we’d never seen before”可知，“从未见过的壮丽景色”说明这次旅行是“不同寻常的”，此处需用“usual”的反义词“unusual”，表示“不同寻常的、特别的”，符合语境逻辑。故填unusual。 9．Don’t let 【解析】句意：不要再让这个男孩玩电脑游戏了。根据句子结构和语境，这里是一个祈使句，表示命令或请求。祈使句的否定形式通常是在句首加上“Don’t”。本句中，“let”是动词原形，表示“让”，其前面需要用“Don’t”来构成否定祈使句，表示“不要让……”。故填Don’t let。 10．unusual 【解析】句意：张桂梅是一位不寻常的老师。她在2008年创办了第一所免费女子高中。根据“She set up the first free girls’ high school in 2008.”可知，张桂梅创办了第一所免费女子高中，此处是指她是一位不寻常的老师；又根据“a(n)...teacher”可知，横线处需填形容词，usual“通常的”，形容词，其反义词为unusual，意为“不寻常的”。故填unusual。 11．reasonable 【解析】句意：我认为教授的建议非常合理。句中系动词“are”后需要接形容词作表语，reason是名词，意为“原因”，在词尾加-able变为形容词reasonable，意为“合理的”。 12．reduce 【解析】句意：我们必须减少任何种类的污染。reduce“减少”，情态动词must后跟动词原形。故填reduce。 13．tying 【解析】句意：当我走过田野时，我看到一位老农民正在把一只羊拴在树上，然后他匆忙离开了。根据“and he left in a hurry”可知，拴羊这个动作在“我”看到的时候正在进行。see sb. doing sth.“看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行。tie“拴”，动词，现在分词为tying，在句中作宾语补足语。故填tying。 14．gloves 【解析】句意：南希真的很想知道架子上这些是谁的手套。glove“手套”，是可数名词。根据“these are”可知，此处表示的是复数概念，所以应用glove的复数形式gloves。故填gloves。 15．impolite 【解析】句意：不要粗鲁。你不应该用这样不礼貌的方式和她说话。根据“You shouldn’t speak to her in such an ... way.”可知，横线处需填形容词，且根据“Don’t be rude.”可知，此处表达的是“不礼貌的”；polite“礼貌的”，形容词，其反义词为impolite。故填impolite。 二、 16． compare with 【解析】句意：不要拿自己和别人比较。所给中文提示为“和……相比”，英文对应动词短语为compare...with，本句为否定祈使句，以Don’t开头，后面需接动词原形，故填compare；with。 17．imagine 【解析】句意：闭上眼睛想象你在森林里。imagine想象，用原形，和前面的“Close”并列。故填imagine。 18．argue 【解析】句意：请不要互相争吵，你们应该一起找到解决办法。根据提示可知，“争吵”对应的英文是argue；“please don’t+动词原形”是祈使句的否定形式，因此用动词原形。故填argue。 19．remind 【解析】句意：我离开前请提醒我拿护照。根据英语提示可知，“提醒”译为remind。该句为祈使句，以Please开头，后接动词原形。故填remind。 20．forget 【解析】句意：别忘了往汤里加些盐。“忘记”的英文表达为forget，由于空前为Don’t，因此空处应填动词原形，故填forget。 21．Believe 【解析】句意：加油，萨姆。相信你自己。你可以实现你的梦想。根据汉语提示可知，“相信”译为believe，为动词；此处是祈使句，用动词原形开头，句首首字母大写。故填Believe。 22．pour 【解析】句意：请倒一些水到杯子里。根据汉语提示可知，pour“倒”，动词。在“Please+动词原形”的祈使句结构中，动词需用原形。故填pour。 23．touch 【解析】句意：不要触摸博物馆的东西。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要填入touch“触摸”，且位于助动词Don’t之后，需使用动词原形。故填touch。 24．usual 【解析】句意：像平时一样，Lucy今天早上起床很早。根据汉语提示可知此处应填形容词“usual”，短语”as usual”表示“像平时一样”。故填usual。 25． reduce 【解析】句意：DIY不仅能给我们带来乐趣，还能降低生活成本。“减少”在英语中对应的单词是reduce。and连接两个并列的谓语动词，前面的bring是动词原形，所以后面的reduce也需要用动词原形。故填reduce。 26．tied 【解析】句意：他们昨天把箱子捆在一起，以便更容易搬运。“捆”对应动词“tie”；根据时间状语“yesterday”可知，句子需用一般过去时，tie的过去式为“tied”，符合语境。故填tied。 27．waste 【解析】句意：现在工业废料已经成为最严重的问题之一。根据汉语提示可知，waste“废料”，不可数名词，在句中作主语。故填waste。 28．methods 【解析】句意：约翰用不同的方法快速准确地解出了数学题。根据汉语提示可知，method“方法”，可数名词，由“different”可知，此处用复数形式。故填methods。 29．result 【解析】句意：考试的结果让我很开心。此处指考试的结果，result表示“结果”，是可数名词，根据句子结构可知此处用单数形式。故填result。 30．product 【解析】句意：这种产品在我们商店是最受欢迎的。product“产品”，product意为“产品总称”时是不可数名词。故填product。 三、 31．C 【解析】句意：不要在卧室里到处乱扔东西，你应该把所有工具收拾好。 might可能；could能够，可以；should应该；would将会，愿意。前文劝阻随意乱放物品，此处是给出规范行为的劝告，应填should。 32．C 【解析】句意：你最好不要在明天的考试中犯同样的错误，否则你又会丢分。 固定句型You’d better (not) do sth.，had better后接动词原形，否定形式直接在better后加not，后面接动词原形repeat。 33．C 【解析】句意：欢迎生活中的所有变化，你会更加享受生活。这是我们老师经常告诉我们的。 Welcoming欢迎，动名词/现在分词；To welcome不定式；Welcome动词原形，用于祈使句；Welcomes第三人称单数。根据“and you will enjoy life more”可知，前句为祈使句，应用动词原形开头，应填Welcome。 34．B 【解析】句意：你今晚不应该熬夜。你明天一早有重要的考试。 can能/可以（表示能力/许可）；should应该（表示建议）；must必须；need需要。根据后句“have an important exam early tomorrow”可知，建议不要熬夜，应用should not，应填should。 35．B 【解析】句意：在使用扫地机器人之前，请仔细阅读说明书，然后你就可以自己使用它了。 ingredients成分；instructions说明书；industries工业；interests兴趣。根据“before using the sweeping robot”可知，在使用电器之前，需要阅读说明书以便了解如何操作。 36．A 【解析】句意：让我们制定一个计划来教老年人如何使用云工具。 Let’s后接动词原形构成祈使句表示建议，应选用make。make a plan是固定搭配，表示“制定计划”。 37．A 【解析】句意：你看起来累了。你最好停下来好好休息。 stop to do sth.停下来去做某事；stop doing sth.停止做某事。had better意为“最好”，后接动词原形；根据“You look tired”可知，因为累了，所以应该停下来（手头的事）去休息，应用stop to have。 38．C 【解析】句意：玛丽，把玩具收起来。它们到处都是。 根据“They are everywhere”可知，这句话是让玛丽把玩具收起来，表示命令或请求，应用祈使句。祈使句以动词原形开头，应填Put away。 39．C 【解析】句意：——我在使用这个相机时遇到了问题。我该怎么办？——你最好先阅读说明书。它会告诉你如何使用它。 考查名词辨析。novels小说；details细节；instructions说明书；designs设计。根据“It will tell you how to use it.”可知，能告诉如何使用相机的应是“说明书”。故选C。 40．C 【解析】句意：哪个单词可以加上前缀“un-”变成一个新单词？ possible可能的；active积极的；usual通常的；correct正确的。usual加上前缀“un-”，为 unusual“不寻常的”。 41．D 【解析】句意：几分钟前她从报纸上剪下了几篇文章。 考查动词短语辨析。cut down削减，砍倒；cut in插嘴，打断；cut off切断，中断；cut out剪下，删除。根据语境可知，此处是在描述她从报纸上剪下几篇文章，所以应该用cut out。故选D。 42．D 【解析】句意：——对我来说学物理太难了。——永远不要放弃，相信自己。 考查动词短语辨析。look up查阅；put away整理；keep on继续；give up放弃。根据语境可知，此处是在鼓励对方不要放弃学物理，所以应该用give up。故选D。 43．A 【解析】句意：你最好使用不同颜色的蔬菜，让这道菜看起来和尝起来一样好。 考查情态动词的用法和形容词的用法。根据“You’d better...vegetables of different colours to make the dish look...it tastes.”可知“had better”是情态动词，后接动词原形，排除选项B和D；句中“look”和“tastes”都是系动词，后接形容词作表语，此处“as...as”中间应该使用形容词的原级，即“good”。故选A。 44．A 【解析】句意：我们学校要求学生自带水杯，为了减少塑料瓶的使用。 reduce减少；return返回；record记录；repeat重复。根据“Our school asks students to bring our own water cups”可知，自带水杯的目的是为了降低塑料瓶的使用量，reduce符合语境。故填reduce。 45．D 【解析】句意：——王老师，有什么节约用水的好方法吗？——有的。例如，刷牙时关上水龙头。 Such as例如（后接列举事物，通常不加逗号）；At first首先；However然而；For example例如（后接完整句子或举例，常加逗号）。根据“turn off the tap when brushing your teeth”可知，后文是具体例子，且句子完整，有逗号隔开。应填For example。 46．D 【解析】句意：在一个冬天的早晨，我父亲从自行车上摔了下来，掉到了地上。 考查介词和动词短语辨析。第一空：表示“在具体的某一天的早晨”，用介词“on”，而“in”用于较长的时间（如年、月、季节），“at”用于具体时刻，“during”表示“在……期间”（后接时间段名词），故排除A、B、C。第二空：“fall off”是固定短语，意为“从……摔下”；“fall from”强调“从……（内部）掉落”，但“fall off”更侧重“从表面摔下”，符合“从自行车（表面）摔下”的语境。第三空：“onto”是介词，表示“到……上面（强调动作的方向）”；“to”表示“到……（仅表方向，无‘表面’含义）”；“on”是介词，表示“在……上面（表状态）”；“onto”更强调“摔到地面上”的动作方向，符合语境。结合选项，只有D项（On；off；onto）的搭配和语义完全符合。故选D。 47．A 【解析】句意：当她听到这个好消息时，喜悦的泪水从她的脸上流下。 考查名词辨析。happiness幸福；health健康；dream梦想；danger危险。根据“when she heard the good news”可知，听到好消息时流泪，表达的是积极情感，happiness与joy“喜悦”意思相近，均表示快乐或幸福。故选A。 48．C 【解析】句意：我们上周邀请的那位工程师不仅有知识，而且有经验。我们都很尊敬他。 考查连词短语辨析。neither; nor既不……也不……；not; but不是……而是……；not only; but also不仅……而且……；either; or或者……或者……。根据“knowledge...experience. We all respect him.”可知，这位工程师是既有知识又有经验，表示两者都有的并列关系，应用“not only; but also”。故选C。 49．B 【解析】句意：众所周知，扎染是一门有着1500多年历史的古老艺术。 考查冠词辨析。根据“tie-dye is…ancient art”可知，此处泛指 “一门艺术”，且ancient以元音音素开头，所以第一空用不定冠词an；根据“…history of over 1,500 years”可知，此处泛指 “一段历史”，且history以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a。故选B。 50．B 【解析】句意：——英语很重要，所以请不要放弃它。——谢谢你！你给我的建议多好啊！ 考查代词的顺序和感叹句。give up表示“放弃”，用it指代“English”，代词放在动词短语give up的中间。advice为不可数名词，需用What引导感叹句。故选B。 四、 51．happily 52．and 53．woke 54．cleaning 55．about 56．beginning 57．told 58．to see 59．meaningful 60．the 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要述了劳拉在劳动节当天，从最初对全家一起做清洁工作的疑问，到完成家务后理解劳动节意义、体会到做有意义之事的快乐的经历。 51．句意：星期五下午，劳拉下了校车后，高兴地跑进屋里。根据“ran into the house”可知，此处用副词修饰动词，happy的副词形式是happily。故填happily。 52．句意：我没有作业，而且下周一不用上学！根据“I will have no schoolwork”和“I won’t go to school next Monday”可知，前后是并列关系，用and连接。故填and。 53．句意：劳动节早上，劳拉的爸爸很早就叫醒了她。文章时态是一般过去时，wake的过去式是woke。故填woke。 54．句意：他说，为了纪念劳动节，全家人计划做一些清洁工作。do some cleaning“做清洁”是固定短语。故填cleaning。 55．句意：你们今天是认真要干活吗？be serious about“对……认真”是固定短语。故填about。 56．句意：但我和你妈妈认为今天努力工作会让你明白劳动节一开始为什么会被庆祝。in the beginning“一开始”是固定短语。故填beginning。 57．句意：之后，她爸爸让她给狗洗澡。文章时态是一般过去时，tell的过去式是told。故填told。 58．句意：当劳拉完成家务后，看到院子比以前干净多了，她感到很高兴。根据“Laura felt happy…the yard looked much cleaner than before.”可知，劳拉因为看到院子比之前干净而感到高兴，feel happy to do sth.“做某事感到高兴”是固定用法。故填to see。 59．句意：做一些有意义的事情也能获得特别的快乐。根据“ Doing something…can also get special pleasure.”可知，此处表示有意义的事，用形容词修饰不定代词something，mean的形容词形式meaningful“有意义的”符合语境。故填meaningful。 60．句意：也许这就是劳动节的精神。此处表特指，用定冠词the。故填the。 1．本节课核心知识（结合课堂知识总结）：_________________________________________________ 2．今日错题 / 不懂的内容：_______________________________________________________________ 3．出错 / 听不懂的原因：□概念不会 □审题马虎 □思路没掌握 □其他________________________ 4．我的改进小计划： _________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $