Unit 4 Welcome to the unit & Reading（导学案）英语新教材译林版八年级上册

该初中英语导学案围绕“Unit 4 Hands-on fun”主题，聚焦DIY手工核心词汇、短语及句型，通过学习理解、应用实践、迁移创新搭建学习支架，引导学生从识别词汇到运用句型，梳理Andrew的DIY经历，突破易混短语区分等难点。 资料含思维导图辅助知识整合，多样化习题强化语言应用，错题反思培养学习能力。通过精准梳理文本提升思维品质，结合生活经历描述锻炼语言能力，助力学生综合运用语言和自主学习，符合新课标核心素养要求。

Unit 4 Hands-on fun Welcome to the unit & Reading导学案 1. 学习理解：能识别、认读并掌握DIY手工相关核心词汇与短语，如crazy about, repair, mistake, power cut, put up, shelf等；熟练掌握谈论手工制作的基础交际句型，理解文本中描述手工经历、做事感受的核心句式，读懂介绍DIY经历的记叙文大意。 2. 应用实践：能在对话练习中运用核心句型，询问、描述手工制作的物品、工具、步骤和过程；能精准梳理阅读文本中人物的DIY经历、犯错过程、成长变化等关键信息，完成排序、选择、填空等阅读任务，准确运用重点词汇和短语完成语境填空。 3. 迁移创新：能结合自身生活经历，简单描述自己的手工制作过程与感受；能借鉴课文篇章结构，梳理他人DIY故事，尝试简单复述文本内容，学会总结DIY的乐趣与意义，提升语言综合运用与文本解读能力。 重点 1. 掌握本单元DIY主题核心词汇、短语及重点句型，熟记常用动词短语搭配（put in, put up, take a course等）。 2. 熟练运用谈论手工制作的交际句型，能独立完成手工话题的简单对话交流。 3. 读懂阅读短文，理清文章叙事脉络，掌握文本核心内容与人物经历。 难点 1. 准确区分并运用易混短语，在具体语境中正确使用核心词汇与固定搭配。 2. 梳理文本叙事逻辑，连贯复述Andrew的DIY经历，清晰体现其从屡屡出错到熟练掌握DIY技能的变化过程。 3. 结合语境灵活运用instead、mistake、catch one’s eye等核心词汇，完成综合性语境运用。 一、单词填空 1. 热衷于手工制作________________________ 2. 安装一盏更亮的灯________________________ 3. 停电；断电________________________ 4. 张贴；悬挂________________________ 5. 犯错；出错________________________ 6. 撞到水管________________________ 7. 网上课程________________________ 8. 了解；熟悉________________________ 9. 凌乱；一团糟________________________ 10. 吸引某人目光________________________二、翻译 1. 没有比双手更好的工具了。 ________________________________________________ 2. 他热衷于DIY，喜欢独自在家制作和修理东西。 ________________________________________________ 3. 他打算和我一起做纸玫瑰，需要彩纸、胶水和剪刀。 ________________________________________________ 知识点1：There is no better tool than our hands. (P48) 【用法讲解】 1. 本句为否定词+比较级表最高级的经典结构，字面意为“没有比……更好的”，实际等同于“……是最好的”。 2. 结构公式：No + 比较级 + than = 最高级 例句：There is no cheaper way than this. 这是最划算的办法。 3. better 为good/well的比较级，最高级为best，修饰名词或动词。 知识点2：describe our own experiences of making something (P48) 【用法讲解】 1. describe vt. 描述、描绘，名词形式为description，固定搭配describe sth (to sb)（向某人描述某物）。 例句：Can you describe your DIY experience to me? 你能向我讲讲你的手工经历吗？ 2. own adj. 自己的，固定搭配：one’s own sth 某人自己的某物；on one’s own 独自、独立（= by oneself/alone）。 3. experience n. 经历（可数）；经验（不可数）。本句中为可数名词，指具体的手工经历。 知识点3：I need some coloured paper, tape or glue and a pair of scissors. (P49) 【用法讲解】 1. coloured adj. 彩色的，由colour（n. 颜色）+ 后缀ed构成，常用搭配coloured paper 彩纸。 2. tape n. 胶带；vt. 用胶带粘贴，固定搭配tape sth together 用胶带粘牢某物。 3. glue n. 胶水（不可数）；vt. 黏合、粘贴，固定搭配glue sth together 用胶水粘合。 4. a pair of scissors 一把剪刀，scissors 永远用复数形式，类似词汇：trousers、glasses。 知识点4：You can fold the paper like this. (P49) 【用法讲解】 1. fold vt. 折叠，反义词为unfold（展开），是DIY核心动词。 常用搭配：fold the paper 折纸、fold up 折叠起来。 例句：Fold the card in half, and it will look nicer. 把卡片对折，会更好看。 2. like this 像这样，用来示范动作，常用于口语和实操场景。 知识点5：When our job is complete, we’ll see some lovely roses. (P49) 【用法讲解】 1. complete adj. 完成的、结束的；vt. 完成、使完整。 词性拓展：completely adv. 完全地、彻底地。 例句：The DIY work is complete. 手工制作已经完成了。 2. rose n. 玫瑰，常用搭配paper roses 纸玫瑰，是单元核心DIY名词。 知识点6：My cousin Andrew is crazy about DIY. (P50) 【用法讲解】 1. crazy adj. 狂热的、迷恋的，核心固定短语be crazy about sb/sth 热衷于、痴迷于某人/某物。 例句：He is crazy about making model planes. 他痴迷于制作飞机模型。 2. DIY n. 自己动手（= do it yourself），泛指手工制作、维修类实操活动，为单元主题核心词。 知识点7：However, he is not a born handyman! (P50) 【用法讲解】 1. born adj. 天生的，固定搭配a born + 职业/身份 天生的…… 例句：She is a born singer. 她是天生的歌手。 2. handyman n. 手巧的人、擅长修理的人，复数形式handymen；对应短语be good at repairing and making things 擅长制作维修物品。 3. however adv. 然而、可是，表转折，可置于句首、句中或句末，常用逗号隔开。 知识点8：Once, he tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom, but he made a mistake. (P50) 【用法讲解】 1. try to do sth 努力/尝试做某事，侧重付出努力完成某事。 辨析：try doing sth 尝试做某事（侧重试验某种方法）。 2. make a mistake 犯错误，固定短语，复数形式make mistakes。 3. put in 安装、装入，特指电器、设备等的安装，区别于put up（张贴、搭建）。 知识点9：his whole house had a power cut. (P50) 【用法讲解】 1. power cut n. 断电、停电，为生活常用短语，可数名词短语。 例句：A sudden power cut stopped our DIY work. 突如其来的停电打断了我们的手工制作。 2. whole adj. 整个的、全部的，修饰单数名词，置于the/物主代词之后。 知识点10：he wanted to put up a picture on the wall, but he hit a water pipe. (P50) 【用法讲解】 1. put up 张贴、悬挂；搭建、举起，多义短语，本句中意为“张贴（图画）”。 拓展：put up a shelf 搭建架子、put up a poster 张贴海报。 2. hit vt. 碰撞、击打，过去式和过去分词均为hit，无变形。 3. pipe n. 管道、水管，water pipe 水管，为DIY维修场景核心词汇。 知识点11：filled the room with water. (P50) 【用法讲解】 1. 核心短语fill ... with ... 用……填满、使……充满。 例句：Don’t fill the bottle with too much water. 别往瓶子里装太多水。 2. 辨析：be filled with = be full of 充满…… 例句：The room is filled with water. = The room is full of water. 房间里满是水。 知识点12：Andrew thought he was just unlucky. (P50) 【用法讲解】 1. unlucky adj. 不幸的、不顺利的，反义词lucky（幸运的）。 构词法：lucky（幸运的）+ 否定前缀un- → unlucky（不幸的），契合单元前缀知识点。 2. 副词形式：unluckily 不幸地；名词形式：luck 运气。 知识点13：Instead, he bought many books about DIY and took an online DIY course as well. (P50-P51) 【用法讲解】 1. instead adv. 反而、却，单独使用，置于句首或句末，表转折替代。 辨析：instead of 代替、而不是，后接名词、代词或动名词，不可单独使用。 例句：He didn’t give up. Instead, he studied harder. 他没有放弃，反而更加努力学习。 2. take a course 参加课程，固定搭配，take an online course 上网课。 3. as well 也、同样，置于句末，无需逗号隔开，等同于too。 知识点14：Now he knows his way around all kinds of DIY. (P51) 【用法讲解】 1. know one’s way around 熟悉、精通，固定口语短语，后接擅长的领域/事务。 例句：She knows her way around paper-cutting. 她精通剪纸。 2. all kinds of 各种各样的，后接可数名词复数或不可数名词。 知识点15：he found my room in a mess, with books all over my bed. (P51) 【用法讲解】 1. mess n. 杂乱、脏乱，核心短语in a mess 乱七八糟、一团糟。 例句：My desk is always in a mess after DIY. 做完手工后，我的书桌总是乱糟糟的。 2. messy adj. 凌乱的、脏乱的，为mess的形容词形式。 3. all over 到处、遍及，all over the bed 铺满整张床。 知识点16：A floor lamp there caught my eye. (P51) 【用法讲解】 1. lamp n. 灯，floor lamp 落地灯，区别于light（泛指灯光、灯具）。 2. 核心固定短语catch one’s eye 引起某人的注意、吸引某人目光。 例句：The colourful paper roses caught my eye at once. 这些彩色纸玫瑰一下子吸引了我的目光。 知识点17：I was surprised to know that he made it himself! (P51) 【用法讲解】 1. surprised adj. 感到惊讶的、意外的，修饰人。 辨析：surprising adj. 令人惊讶的，修饰事物。 2. 固定句型be surprised to do sth 惊讶地做某事。 例句：I am surprised to finish the DIY so quickly. 我很惊讶这么快就做完了手工。 知识点18：now no DIY job seems impossible to him. (P51) 【用法讲解】 1. impossible adj. 不可能的，构词法：possible（可能的）+ 否定前缀im- → impossible。 2. 句型：sth seems impossible to sb 对某人来说某事似乎不可能。 3. 双重否定：no...impossible 表示肯定含义，意为“没有什么是做不到的”，强化语气。 例句：Nothing is impossible to a hard-working person. 勤奋的人无所不能。 一、用单词的适当形式填空 1．Grandma carefully placed her old books and magazines on some wooden ________ (shelf). 2．—Tom, it’s 9 a. m. now. Do you have enough time to finish your DIY job? —Don’t worry! I _________ (complete) it before 10 a.m. 3．She put red ________ (rose) in a glass vase on the table. 4．My sister always helps me with ________ (fold) the laundry. 5．Can you give me some ________ (colour) paper? I want to fold paper planes. 6．Walt Disney became successful after he ________ (make) cartoons with Mickey Mouse. 7．The greatest inventions would be ________ (possible) without curiosity. 8．DIY can save money, but you need to learn basic skills first to avoid ________ (mistake). 9．________ (luck), some students missed the chance to play the game. 10．Mrs White seemed really calm though the news made all of us ________ (surprise). 11．His classmates took the online ________ (course) and taught themselves in their free time. 12．That beautiful car on the show ________ (catch) my eyes yesterday. 13．My dog becomes much ________ (crazy) when it sees a ball. 14．My mother is ill, so I have to stay at home instead of ________ (go) shopping. 15．The students are busy ________ (get) ready for the coming mid⁃term exam. 16．Perhaps we need some tools ________ (fix) the new machine. 17．Let me repeat ________ (exact) what he just said. 18．It’s so ________ (danger) to run in the hallways. 19．I can’t imagine ________ (waste) my time on such a meaningless thing. 20．The blind man gave some easy ________ (instruct) to his guide dog. 二、根据汉语提示填写单词 21．Tom made a wooden ________ (架子) for his favourite books and magazines this weekend. 22．The teacher advised him not to stick the ________ (胶带) on the desk. 23．How many kinds of ________ (工具) do you need to finish the job? 24．The sun ________ (升起) at 6: 00 and set at 5: 00. 25．If you buy this _________ (月饼), you will get a gift. 26．You should _________ (折叠) the clothes in half like this. 27．To my ________ (吃惊), he left without saying a word. 28．People can use Chinese medicine for ________ (几乎；差不多) any illness they have. 29．Your room is in a ________ (脏乱). You need to clean it up before Grandma comes. 30．I lost my wallet yesterday. How ________ (不幸的) I am! 31．She was ________ (出生) with the ability of singing beautifully. 32．Bob was ________ (狂热的) about playing football at the age of 7. 33．Tom doesn’t like DIY. ________ (反而), his sister does. 34．You can see beautiful flowers ________ (到处) in the park during spring. 35．We can see a beautiful ________ (台灯) next to the bed. 三、单项选择 36．John didn’t play video games last night. ________, he read an interesting book. A．Instead B．However C．Moreover D．Therefore 37．—I think people should stop cutting down trees. —I agree. ________, more trees should be planted to protect the environment. A．Instead B．Maybe C．However D．Soon 38．Before the invention of planes, it seemed ________ to travel from China to America in just one day. A．incorrect B．impossible C．unfriendly D．impatient 39．William ________ draw when he was young. Now he ________ draw much better. A．Can; could B．could; can C．can; can D．could; could 40．—Life is a journey with so many problems. —Yes, and it is _________ to solve all problems by ourselves. A．impossible B．confident C．positive D．energetic 41．After the storm, the park was a ________ with fallen leaves and branches everywhere. A．sight B．fact C．tool D．mess 42．—To my great _________, very few students help with housework at home. —That’s why labour education is important. A．surprise B．lesson C．problem D．respect 43．Poor light is bad for your eyes. Why not ________ some LED lights? A．put on B．put up C．put in D．put out 44．The school sports meeting was a ________ success, and all students had a great time. A．funny B．single C．complete D．boring 45．For the 15th National Games, Guangzhou will ________ renovated (翻新的) stadiums. A．repeat B．invent C．encourage D．complete 46．—Our teacher won’t give us the answer to the question. —You mean we have to work it out all by ________? A．themselves B．himself C．myself D．ourselves 47．The price of fruits ________ a little as it’s hard to harvest at this time. A．raised B．dropped C．fell D．rose 48．—My grandma is trying to ________ her cooking skills by following online courses. —That’s great! Her dishes will be more delicious soon. A．improve B．guide C．record D．complete 49．Jane ________ the book and she knew the ________ event. A．completed; complete B．complete; completely C．completes; complete D．completed; completed 50．—How about going to Shanghai Disneyland this summer vacation? — ________ I’m sure we will have a great time there. A．I’m afraid not. B．It doesn’t matter. C．That sounds fun. D．That’s all right. 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 DIY is becoming more and more popular. It stands 51 “Do It Yourself.” Many people like it. There are many 52 (reason) for this, and here are some of them. First, DIY is 53 (cheap) than buying something in the shop. It helps you save money. Second, people enjoy 54 (know) how to do something new. They feel better 55 they learn a new skill. Third, some people work better by 56 (they). They can look at something that they have made and say 57 (happy), “I did this all by myself.” One of my friends 58 (buy) an old house a few months ago. He and his wife painted all the walls in every room, and now his house looks 59 (beautiful) than before. Another example is my neighbour, John. He went to night school to learn how 60 (fix) cars. Now he has learned to do most of the repair work. He enjoys the work very much. 1．本节课核心知识（结合课堂知识总结）：_________________________________________________ 2．今日错题 / 不懂的内容：_______________________________________________________________ 3．出错 / 听不懂的原因：□概念不会 □审题马虎 □思路没掌握 □其他________________________ 4．我的改进小计划： _________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Hands-on fun Welcome to the unit & Reading导学案 1. 学习理解：能识别、认读并掌握DIY手工相关核心词汇与短语，如crazy about, repair, mistake, power cut, put up, shelf等；熟练掌握谈论手工制作的基础交际句型，理解文本中描述手工经历、做事感受的核心句式，读懂介绍DIY经历的记叙文大意。 2. 应用实践：能在对话练习中运用核心句型，询问、描述手工制作的物品、工具、步骤和过程；能精准梳理阅读文本中人物的DIY经历、犯错过程、成长变化等关键信息，完成排序、选择、填空等阅读任务，准确运用重点词汇和短语完成语境填空。 3. 迁移创新：能结合自身生活经历，简单描述自己的手工制作过程与感受；能借鉴课文篇章结构，梳理他人DIY故事，尝试简单复述文本内容，学会总结DIY的乐趣与意义，提升语言综合运用与文本解读能力。 重点 1. 掌握本单元DIY主题核心词汇、短语及重点句型，熟记常用动词短语搭配（put in, put up, take a course等）。 2. 熟练运用谈论手工制作的交际句型，能独立完成手工话题的简单对话交流。 3. 读懂阅读短文，理清文章叙事脉络，掌握文本核心内容与人物经历。 难点 1. 准确区分并运用易混短语，在具体语境中正确使用核心词汇与固定搭配。 2. 梳理文本叙事逻辑，连贯复述Andrew的DIY经历，清晰体现其从屡屡出错到熟练掌握DIY技能的变化过程。 3. 结合语境灵活运用instead、mistake、catch one’s eye等核心词汇，完成综合性语境运用。 一、单词填空 1. 热衷于手工制作________________________ 2. 安装一盏更亮的灯________________________ 3. 停电；断电________________________ 4. 张贴；悬挂________________________ 5. 犯错；出错________________________ 6. 撞到水管________________________ 7. 网上课程________________________ 8. 了解；熟悉________________________ 9. 凌乱；一团糟________________________ 10. 吸引某人目光________________________ 【答案】 1. be crazy about DIY 2. put in a brighter light 3. have a power cut 4. put up 5. make a mistake 6. hit a water pipe 7. an online course 8. know one’s way around 9. in a mess 10. catch one’s eye 二、翻译 1. 没有比双手更好的工具了。 ________________________________________________ 2. 他热衷于DIY，喜欢独自在家制作和修理东西。 ________________________________________________ 3. 他打算和我一起做纸玫瑰，需要彩纸、胶水和剪刀。 ________________________________________________ 【答案】 1. There is no better tool than our hands. 2. He is crazy about DIY and loves to make or repair things by himself at home. 3. He is going to make some paper roses with me and needs coloured paper, glue and a pair of scissors. 知识点1：There is no better tool than our hands. (P48) 【用法讲解】 1. 本句为否定词+比较级表最高级的经典结构，字面意为“没有比……更好的”，实际等同于“……是最好的”。 2. 结构公式：No + 比较级 + than = 最高级 例句：There is no cheaper way than this. 这是最划算的办法。 3. better 为good/well的比较级，最高级为best，修饰名词或动词。 知识点2：describe our own experiences of making something (P48) 【用法讲解】 1. describe vt. 描述、描绘，名词形式为description，固定搭配describe sth (to sb)（向某人描述某物）。 例句：Can you describe your DIY experience to me? 你能向我讲讲你的手工经历吗？ 2. own adj. 自己的，固定搭配：one’s own sth 某人自己的某物；on one’s own 独自、独立（= by oneself/alone）。 3. experience n. 经历（可数）；经验（不可数）。本句中为可数名词，指具体的手工经历。 知识点3：I need some coloured paper, tape or glue and a pair of scissors. (P49) 【用法讲解】 1. coloured adj. 彩色的，由colour（n. 颜色）+ 后缀ed构成，常用搭配coloured paper 彩纸。 2. tape n. 胶带；vt. 用胶带粘贴，固定搭配tape sth together 用胶带粘牢某物。 3. glue n. 胶水（不可数）；vt. 黏合、粘贴，固定搭配glue sth together 用胶水粘合。 4. a pair of scissors 一把剪刀，scissors 永远用复数形式，类似词汇：trousers、glasses。 知识点4：You can fold the paper like this. (P49) 【用法讲解】 1. fold vt. 折叠，反义词为unfold（展开），是DIY核心动词。 常用搭配：fold the paper 折纸、fold up 折叠起来。 例句：Fold the card in half, and it will look nicer. 把卡片对折，会更好看。 2. like this 像这样，用来示范动作，常用于口语和实操场景。 知识点5：When our job is complete, we’ll see some lovely roses. (P49) 【用法讲解】 1. complete adj. 完成的、结束的；vt. 完成、使完整。 词性拓展：completely adv. 完全地、彻底地。 例句：The DIY work is complete. 手工制作已经完成了。 2. rose n. 玫瑰，常用搭配paper roses 纸玫瑰，是单元核心DIY名词。 知识点6：My cousin Andrew is crazy about DIY. (P50) 【用法讲解】 1. crazy adj. 狂热的、迷恋的，核心固定短语be crazy about sb/sth 热衷于、痴迷于某人/某物。 例句：He is crazy about making model planes. 他痴迷于制作飞机模型。 2. DIY n. 自己动手（= do it yourself），泛指手工制作、维修类实操活动，为单元主题核心词。 知识点7：However, he is not a born handyman! (P50) 【用法讲解】 1. born adj. 天生的，固定搭配a born + 职业/身份 天生的…… 例句：She is a born singer. 她是天生的歌手。 2. handyman n. 手巧的人、擅长修理的人，复数形式handymen；对应短语be good at repairing and making things 擅长制作维修物品。 3. however adv. 然而、可是，表转折，可置于句首、句中或句末，常用逗号隔开。 知识点8：Once, he tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom, but he made a mistake. (P50) 【用法讲解】 1. try to do sth 努力/尝试做某事，侧重付出努力完成某事。 辨析：try doing sth 尝试做某事（侧重试验某种方法）。 2. make a mistake 犯错误，固定短语，复数形式make mistakes。 3. put in 安装、装入，特指电器、设备等的安装，区别于put up（张贴、搭建）。 知识点9：his whole house had a power cut. (P50) 【用法讲解】 1. power cut n. 断电、停电，为生活常用短语，可数名词短语。 例句：A sudden power cut stopped our DIY work. 突如其来的停电打断了我们的手工制作。 2. whole adj. 整个的、全部的，修饰单数名词，置于the/物主代词之后。 知识点10：he wanted to put up a picture on the wall, but he hit a water pipe. (P50) 【用法讲解】 1. put up 张贴、悬挂；搭建、举起，多义短语，本句中意为“张贴（图画）”。 拓展：put up a shelf 搭建架子、put up a poster 张贴海报。 2. hit vt. 碰撞、击打，过去式和过去分词均为hit，无变形。 3. pipe n. 管道、水管，water pipe 水管，为DIY维修场景核心词汇。 知识点11：filled the room with water. (P50) 【用法讲解】 1. 核心短语fill ... with ... 用……填满、使……充满。 例句：Don’t fill the bottle with too much water. 别往瓶子里装太多水。 2. 辨析：be filled with = be full of 充满…… 例句：The room is filled with water. = The room is full of water. 房间里满是水。 知识点12：Andrew thought he was just unlucky. (P50) 【用法讲解】 1. unlucky adj. 不幸的、不顺利的，反义词lucky（幸运的）。 构词法：lucky（幸运的）+ 否定前缀un- → unlucky（不幸的），契合单元前缀知识点。 2. 副词形式：unluckily 不幸地；名词形式：luck 运气。 知识点13：Instead, he bought many books about DIY and took an online DIY course as well. (P50-P51) 【用法讲解】 1. instead adv. 反而、却，单独使用，置于句首或句末，表转折替代。 辨析：instead of 代替、而不是，后接名词、代词或动名词，不可单独使用。 例句：He didn’t give up. Instead, he studied harder. 他没有放弃，反而更加努力学习。 2. take a course 参加课程，固定搭配，take an online course 上网课。 3. as well 也、同样，置于句末，无需逗号隔开，等同于too。 知识点14：Now he knows his way around all kinds of DIY. (P51) 【用法讲解】 1. know one’s way around 熟悉、精通，固定口语短语，后接擅长的领域/事务。 例句：She knows her way around paper-cutting. 她精通剪纸。 2. all kinds of 各种各样的，后接可数名词复数或不可数名词。 知识点15：he found my room in a mess, with books all over my bed. (P51) 【用法讲解】 1. mess n. 杂乱、脏乱，核心短语in a mess 乱七八糟、一团糟。 例句：My desk is always in a mess after DIY. 做完手工后，我的书桌总是乱糟糟的。 2. messy adj. 凌乱的、脏乱的，为mess的形容词形式。 3. all over 到处、遍及，all over the bed 铺满整张床。 知识点16：A floor lamp there caught my eye. (P51) 【用法讲解】 1. lamp n. 灯，floor lamp 落地灯，区别于light（泛指灯光、灯具）。 2. 核心固定短语catch one’s eye 引起某人的注意、吸引某人目光。 例句：The colourful paper roses caught my eye at once. 这些彩色纸玫瑰一下子吸引了我的目光。 知识点17：I was surprised to know that he made it himself! (P51) 【用法讲解】 1. surprised adj. 感到惊讶的、意外的，修饰人。 辨析：surprising adj. 令人惊讶的，修饰事物。 2. 固定句型be surprised to do sth 惊讶地做某事。 例句：I am surprised to finish the DIY so quickly. 我很惊讶这么快就做完了手工。 知识点18：now no DIY job seems impossible to him. (P51) 【用法讲解】 1. impossible adj. 不可能的，构词法：possible（可能的）+ 否定前缀im- → impossible。 2. 句型：sth seems impossible to sb 对某人来说某事似乎不可能。 3. 双重否定：no...impossible 表示肯定含义，意为“没有什么是做不到的”，强化语气。 例句：Nothing is impossible to a hard-working person. 勤奋的人无所不能。 一、用单词的适当形式填空 1．Grandma carefully placed her old books and magazines on some wooden ________ (shelf). 2．—Tom, it’s 9 a. m. now. Do you have enough time to finish your DIY job? —Don’t worry! I _________ (complete) it before 10 a.m. 3．She put red ________ (rose) in a glass vase on the table. 4．My sister always helps me with ________ (fold) the laundry. 5．Can you give me some ________ (colour) paper? I want to fold paper planes. 6．Walt Disney became successful after he ________ (make) cartoons with Mickey Mouse. 7．The greatest inventions would be ________ (possible) without curiosity. 8．DIY can save money, but you need to learn basic skills first to avoid ________ (mistake). 9．________ (luck), some students missed the chance to play the game. 10．Mrs White seemed really calm though the news made all of us ________ (surprise). 11．His classmates took the online ________ (course) and taught themselves in their free time. 12．That beautiful car on the show ________ (catch) my eyes yesterday. 13．My dog becomes much ________ (crazy) when it sees a ball. 14．My mother is ill, so I have to stay at home instead of ________ (go) shopping. 15．The students are busy ________ (get) ready for the coming mid⁃term exam. 16．Perhaps we need some tools ________ (fix) the new machine. 17．Let me repeat ________ (exact) what he just said. 18．It’s so ________ (danger) to run in the hallways. 19．I can’t imagine ________ (waste) my time on such a meaningless thing. 20．The blind man gave some easy ________ (instruct) to his guide dog. 二、根据汉语提示填写单词 21．Tom made a wooden ________ (架子) for his favourite books and magazines this weekend. 22．The teacher advised him not to stick the ________ (胶带) on the desk. 23．How many kinds of ________ (工具) do you need to finish the job? 24．The sun ________ (升起) at 6: 00 and set at 5: 00. 25．If you buy this _________ (月饼), you will get a gift. 26．You should _________ (折叠) the clothes in half like this. 27．To my ________ (吃惊), he left without saying a word. 28．People can use Chinese medicine for ________ (几乎；差不多) any illness they have. 29．Your room is in a ________ (脏乱). You need to clean it up before Grandma comes. 30．I lost my wallet yesterday. How ________ (不幸的) I am! 31．She was ________ (出生) with the ability of singing beautifully. 32．Bob was ________ (狂热的) about playing football at the age of 7. 33．Tom doesn’t like DIY. ________ (反而), his sister does. 34．You can see beautiful flowers ________ (到处) in the park during spring. 35．We can see a beautiful ________ (台灯) next to the bed. 三、单项选择 36．John didn’t play video games last night. ________, he read an interesting book. A．Instead B．However C．Moreover D．Therefore 37．—I think people should stop cutting down trees. —I agree. ________, more trees should be planted to protect the environment. A．Instead B．Maybe C．However D．Soon 38．Before the invention of planes, it seemed ________ to travel from China to America in just one day. A．incorrect B．impossible C．unfriendly D．impatient 39．William ________ draw when he was young. Now he ________ draw much better. A．Can; could B．could; can C．can; can D．could; could 40．—Life is a journey with so many problems. —Yes, and it is _________ to solve all problems by ourselves. A．impossible B．confident C．positive D．energetic 41．After the storm, the park was a ________ with fallen leaves and branches everywhere. A．sight B．fact C．tool D．mess 42．—To my great _________, very few students help with housework at home. —That’s why labour education is important. A．surprise B．lesson C．problem D．respect 43．Poor light is bad for your eyes. Why not ________ some LED lights? A．put on B．put up C．put in D．put out 44．The school sports meeting was a ________ success, and all students had a great time. A．funny B．single C．complete D．boring 45．For the 15th National Games, Guangzhou will ________ renovated (翻新的) stadiums. A．repeat B．invent C．encourage D．complete 46．—Our teacher won’t give us the answer to the question. —You mean we have to work it out all by ________? A．themselves B．himself C．myself D．ourselves 47．The price of fruits ________ a little as it’s hard to harvest at this time. A．raised B．dropped C．fell D．rose 48．—My grandma is trying to ________ her cooking skills by following online courses. —That’s great! Her dishes will be more delicious soon. A．improve B．guide C．record D．complete 49．Jane ________ the book and she knew the ________ event. A．completed; complete B．complete; completely C．completes; complete D．completed; completed 50．—How about going to Shanghai Disneyland this summer vacation? — ________ I’m sure we will have a great time there. A．I’m afraid not. B．It doesn’t matter. C．That sounds fun. D．That’s all right. 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 DIY is becoming more and more popular. It stands 51 “Do It Yourself.” Many people like it. There are many 52 (reason) for this, and here are some of them. First, DIY is 53 (cheap) than buying something in the shop. It helps you save money. Second, people enjoy 54 (know) how to do something new. They feel better 55 they learn a new skill. Third, some people work better by 56 (they). They can look at something that they have made and say 57 (happy), “I did this all by myself.” One of my friends 58 (buy) an old house a few months ago. He and his wife painted all the walls in every room, and now his house looks 59 (beautiful) than before. Another example is my neighbour, John. He went to night school to learn how 60 (fix) cars. Now he has learned to do most of the repair work. He enjoys the work very much. 参考答案 一、 1．shelves 【解析】句意：奶奶小心翼翼地把她的旧书和杂志放到几个木质书架上。结合句中限定词some可知，后面需要使用可数名词复数；shelf是以f结尾的名词，变复数要把f改为v再加es，变形为shelves。 2．will complete 【解析】句意：——汤姆，现在是上午9点，你有足够的时间完成你的手工活吗？——别担心！我会在上午10点前完成它。根据语境，动作发生在将来的时间点，要用一般将来时，结构为will complete。 3．roses 【解析】句意：她把红玫瑰插在桌子上的玻璃花瓶里。结合语境，空格处应该用rose的复数形式roses表示泛指。故填roses。 4．folding 【解析】句意：我姐姐总是帮我叠衣服。“with”为介词，后面需接名词或动名词作宾语。所给词“fold”意为“折叠”，是动词，其动名词形式为folding。故填folding。 5．coloured 【解析】句意：你能给我一些彩色纸吗？我想折纸飞机。空处修饰名词paper，应该用colour的形容词coloured“彩色的”，作定语。故填coloured。 6．made 【解析】句意：Walt Disney在制作了带有米老鼠的卡通片后变得成功了。此处描述的动作发生在“became successful”之前，因此用一般过去时，空处用动词过去式made。故填made。 7． impossible 【解析】句意：如果没有好奇心，最伟大的发明将是不可能的。根据条件状语“without curiosity”（没有好奇心）可知，此处应表达否定含义，即发明是“不可能的”。括号内所给词possible意为“可能的”，其反义词需加否定前缀im-，变为impossible（不可能的），be动词后接形容词作表语。 8．mistakes 【解析】句意：DIY可以省钱，但你首先需要学习基本技能以避免出错。mistake“错误”，为可数名词，此处应用复数形式表示泛指。故填mistakes。 9．Unluckily 【解析】句意：不幸的是，一些学生错过了玩游戏的机会。根据“some students missed the chance to play the game”可知，学生错过了玩游戏的机会，unluckily“不幸地”符合题意，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Unluckily。 10．surprised 【解析】句意：尽管这个消息让我们所有人都很惊讶，但怀特夫人看起来真的很平静。surprise“使惊讶”是动词，也可作名词意为“惊讶”；“make sb. + adj.”表示“使某人……”，此处修饰人“us”，应用surprise的形容词形式surprised“感到惊讶的”。故填surprised。 11．courses 【解析】句意：他的同学们学习了在线课程，并在空闲时间自学。根据“took the online...”及所给词可知，此处是指参加在线课程，由于此处的课程是泛指，应用复数，故填courses。 12．caught 【解析】句意：昨天车展上那辆漂亮的汽车吸引了我的目光。根据“yesterday”可知，本句应该使用一般过去时，catch的过去式是caught。故填caught。 13．crazier 【解析】句意：我的狗看到球时会变得疯狂得多。much用来修饰形容词比较级。故填crazier。 14．going 【解析】句意：我妈妈病了，所以我不得不待在家里而不是去购物。instead of doing sth意为“而不是去做某事”，故填going。 15．getting 【解析】句意：学生们正忙于准备即将到来的期中考试。根据提示词及“The students are busy...ready for the coming mid⁃term exam.”可知，此处考查固定搭配：be busy doing sth.“忙于做某事”。get的动名词形式为getting。故填getting。 16．to fix 【解析】句意：也许我们需要一些工具来修理这台新机器。fix“修理”，need sth. to do sth.“需要某物做某事”。故填to fix。 17．exactly 【解析】句意：让我准确地重复他刚才说的话。此处修饰动词repeat用副词exactly“准确地”。故填exactly。 18．dangerous 【解析】句意：在走廊里跑太危险了。根据空格前“It’s”，结合所给词可知，danger“危险”，名词，此处应该填入其形容词形式dangerous，作表语，意为“危险的”符合句意。故填dangerous。 19．wasting 【解析】句意：我无法想象把时间浪费在这样毫无意义的事情上。waste“浪费”，是动词，imagine doing sth“想象做某事”，故填wasting。 20．instructions 【解析】句意：盲人给了他的导盲犬一些简单的指示。分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词形式，作宾语，instruction“指示”，根据空前的“some”可知，此处应用复数形式instructions。故填instructions。 二、 21．shelf 【解析】句意：这个周末，汤姆为他最喜欢的书籍和杂志做了一个木质架子。架子“shelf”，名词，根据“a wooden...”可知，此处表示一个木质架子，此处用名词单数。故填shelf。 22．tape 【解析】句意：老师建议他不要把胶带粘在桌子上。胶带：tape，此处指胶带这种材料，为不可数名词。故填tape。 23．tools 【解析】句意：你需要多少种工具来完成这项工作？工具：tool；How many kinds of后加可数名词复数。故填tools。 24．rose 【解析】句意：太阳6点升起，5点落下。根据“set at 5:00” 中set没有用第三人称单数形式sets，可知这里描述的是过去的动作，set是过去式。所以and 连接的并列句中，升起这个动作也应用过去式。rise的过去式是rose，符合语境。故填rose。 25．mooncake 【解析】句意：如果你买这个月饼，你会得到一份礼物。mooncake“月饼”，this修饰可数名词单数，故填mooncake。 26．fold 【解析】句意：你应该像这样叠衣服。fold“折叠”，should为情态动词，后跟动词原形，故填fold。 27．surprise 【解析】句意：令我吃惊的是，他一句话没说就走了。空处位于形容词性物主代词“my”后，填名词，作宾语。surprise“吃惊”，不可数名词；“to one’s surprise”是固定短语，意为“令某人吃惊的是”。 28．almost/nearly 【解析】句意：人们几乎可以用中药治疗任何疾病。almost/nearly“几乎；差不多”，程度副词。故填almost/nearly。 29．mess 【解析】句意：你的房间乱糟糟的。奶奶来之前你需要把它打扫干净。根据汉语提示可知，“in a mess”是固定短语，意为“杂乱、脏乱”，其中“mess”为名词，符合语境。故填mess。 30．unlucky 【解析】句意：我昨天丢了钱包。我是多么不幸啊！根据“I lost my wallet yesterday.”可知，这是不幸的事情。lucky形容词“幸运的”，其反义词为unlucky“不幸的”。又因为感叹句的构成为“how+形容词+主语+系动词/谓语!”。故填unlucky。 31．born 【解析】句意：她天生就拥有一副美妙的歌喉。born“出生”，be born with“天生具有”，固定表达。故填born。 32．crazy 【解析】句意：鲍勃7岁时就对踢足球很狂热。根据中文提示“狂热的”可知，此处需填形容词“crazy”，“be crazy about”是固定短语，意为“对……狂热/痴迷”，符合“7岁时对踢足球狂热”的语境。故填crazy。 33．Instead 【解析】句意：Tom不喜欢DIY。反而他的妹妹喜欢。根据汉语提示可知，instead“反而”，连接性副词，起到连接上下文和转折逻辑的作用，这里表示妹妹的情况与Tom相反；句首首字母大写。故填Instead。 34．everywhere 【解析】句意：春天的时候，你在公园里到处都能看到美丽的花朵。根据中文提示，everywhere“到处”，地点副词，在句中作状语，符合句意。故填everywhere。 35．lamp 【解析】句意：我们可以在床边看到一盏漂亮的台灯。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用lamp，结合“a beautiful”可知，此处使用单数名词。故填lamp。 三、 36．A 【解析】句意：约翰昨晚没玩电子游戏。相反，他读了一本有趣的书。 Instead代替/反而；However然而；Moreover此外；Therefore因此。根据前句“didn’t play video games last night”和后句“read an interesting book”可知，后者替代了前者，表示“反而”，Instead符合语境 37．A 【解析】句意：——我认为人们应该停止砍伐树木。——我同意。相反，应该种植更多的树来保护环境。 Instead相反，取而代之；Maybe也许；However然而；Soon不久。根据“I agree”及上下文语境可知，前者建议停止砍树，后者建议种树，“Instead”可以体现前后两者的对比逻辑，符合语境。 38．B 【解析】句意：在飞机发明之前，只用一天从中国到美国旅行看起来是不可能的。 incorrect不正确的；impossible不可能的；unfriendly不友好的；impatient不耐烦的。飞机发明前一天从中国到美国旅行无法实现，impossible符合客观语境。 39．B 【解析】句意：威廉年轻时会画画，现在他能画得好得多。 can表示现在的能力，could是can的过去式，表示过去的能力。根据句中“when he was young”这个过去的时间状语，第一空要用过去式could；“Now”指代当下，第二空要用现在时态的can。 40．A 【解析】句意：——生活是一段充满许多问题的旅程。——是的，而且靠我们自己解决所有问题是不可能的。 impossible不可能的；confident自信的；positive积极的；energetic精力充沛的。根据前句“Life is a journey with so many problems.”及常识，靠我们自己解决所有问题是不可能的，应填impossible。 41．D 【解析】句意：暴风雨过后，公园一片狼藉，到处都是落叶和断枝。 考查名词辨析。sight景象；fact事实；tool工具；mess混乱。根据“fallen leaves and branches everywhere”可知，公园里到处都是落叶和断枝，说明环境很混乱，因此用“mess”最符合语境。故选D。 42．A 【解析】句意：——令我很惊讶的是，很少有学生在家帮忙做家务。——这就是为什么劳动教育很重要。 考查名词辨析。surprise惊讶；lesson课；problem问题；respect尊敬。根据“very few students help with housework at home.”可知很少有学生在家帮忙做家务，这是令人惊讶的，to one’s surprise“令某人惊讶的是”。故选A。 43．C 【解析】句意：光线不好对眼睛有害。为什么不安装一些LED灯呢？ 考查动词短语辨析。put on穿上；上演；put up张贴；搭建；put in安装；插入；put out熄灭；发布。根据“some LED lights”可知此处表示“安装LED灯”。故选C。 44．C 【解析】句意：校运动会取得了圆满成功，所有学生都玩得很开心。 funny滑稽的；single单一的；complete完全的；boring无聊的。根据后半句“all students had a great time”可知运动会非常成功，“a complete success”为固定搭配，意为“圆满成功”。 45．D 【解析】句意：为了第15届全国运动会，广州将完成翻新体育场的建设。 repeat重复；invent发明；encourage鼓励；complete完成。根据“For the 15th National Games”和“renovated stadiums”可知，为了举办运动会，主办城市需要“完成”场馆的翻新工作。 46．D 【解析】句意：——我们的老师不会给我们问题的答案。——你的意思是我们得完全靠我们自己把它解决出来？ themselves他们自己；himself他自己；myself我自己；ourselves我们自己。答语中的主语是we，反身代词应与主语保持一致，应用ourselves。 47．D 【解析】句意：水果的价格上涨了一点，因为此时很难收获。 考查动词词义及时态辨析。raises提高；dropped下降；fell下降；rose上涨。根据“a little”和“as it’s hard to harvest”可知，此处描述由于难以收获，价格应“上涨”了一点点，且主语为“The price”，应用不及物动词，时态为过去时，故选D。 48．A 【解析】句意：我的奶奶正试图通过参加在线课程来提高她的烹饪技能。 考查动词辨析。improve改进；guide指导；record记录；complete完成。根据回应“That’s great! Her dishes will be more delicious soon.”可知，奶奶的目标是提升技能以使菜肴更美味，因此选择表示“改进”的improve。故选A。 49．A 【解析】句意：简读完了这本书，并且她知道了整个事件。 考查词义辨析。completed完成，动词过去式；complete完整的，形容词；completely完全地，副词；completes完成，动词第三人称单数形式。分析句子结构可知，第一空缺谓语动词，且根据“knew”可知，此空时态是一般过去时，所以第一空用completed；第二空缺形容词作定语修饰名词event，所以第二空用complete。故选A。 50．C 【解析】句意：—— 今年暑假去上海迪士尼乐园怎么样？——那听起来很有趣。我确定我们在那儿会玩得很开心。 考查情景交际。I’m afraid not恐怕不行； It doesn’t matter.没关系；That sounds fun那听起来很有趣； That’s all right没关系。根据“I’m sure we will have a great time there.”可知，此处是对对方的提议表示赞同和期待，C项符合。故选C。 四、 51．for 52．reasons 53．cheaper 54．knowing 55．when 56．themselves 57．happily 58．bought 59．more beautiful 60．to fix 【解析】本文主要介绍了DIY的几点好处，并通过举例来说明。 51．句意：它代表“自己动手”。根据“DIY is becoming more and more popular. It stands…‘Do It Yourself.’”可知，此处为固定短语stand for“代表”。故填for。 52．句意：造成这种情况的原因有很多，以下是其中的一些原因。根据“many”可知，此处应用名词reason的复数形式。故填reasons。 53．句意：首先，DIY比在商店买东西便宜。根据“than”可知，此处应用形容词cheap的比较级cheaper，表示“更便宜的”。故填cheaper。 54．句意：其次，人们喜欢知道如何做新事物。根据“people enjoy…(know) how to do something new.”可知，此处为固定短语enjoy doing sth“喜欢做某事”，应用动名词形式。故填knowing。 55．句意：当他们学习新技能时，他们感觉更好。根据“They feel better…they learn a new skill.”可知，此处应用when引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”。故填when。 56．句意：第三，有些人自己工作得更好。根据“some people work better by…(they).”可知，此处为固定短语by oneself“自己”，they的反身代词为themselves“他们自己”。故填themselves。 57．句意：他们可以看着自己制作的东西并高兴地说：“这都是我自己做的”。根据“and say…(happy),”可知，此处修饰动词say应用happy的副词形式happily，表示“高兴地”。故填happily。 58．句意：我的一个朋友几个月前买了一套旧房子。根据“a few months ago.”可知，时态为一般过去时，应用动词buy的过去式bought“买”。故填bought。 59．句意：他和妻子把每个房间的墙壁都粉刷了，现在他的房子看起来比以前更漂亮了。根据“than”可知，此处应用形容词beautiful的比较级more beautiful，表示“更漂亮的”。故填more beautiful。 60．句意：他去夜校学习如何修理汽车。根据“He went to night school to learn how…(fix) cars.”可知，此处为固定结构疑问词+动词不定式，因此此处应用动词fix的不定式。故填to fix。 1．本节课核心知识（结合课堂知识总结）：_________________________________________________ 2．今日错题 / 不懂的内容：_______________________________________________________________ 3．出错 / 听不懂的原因：□概念不会 □审题马虎 □思路没掌握 □其他________________________ 4．我的改进小计划： _________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $