Unit 4 Hands-on fun单元重点词汇变形分层必考80题 2026-2027学年译林版八年级上册英语

**基本信息** 分层梯度覆盖词汇音形义、变形及语境全维度，系统提升语言运用能力与学习策略。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础识记|40分（音标15题+中文25题）|音标训练音形匹配，中文释义巩固词义|从音形关联到词义记忆，夯实四会词拼写根基| |能力提升|20分（20题词形转换）|聚焦名复、词性、时态等高频变形考点|词汇与语法结合，突破变形失分点| |综合拓展|20分（20题首字母填空）|依托语境考查词辨与固定搭配|训练上下文词汇灵活运用，提升语言综合思维|

答案解析 第一部分：基础识记层级（40分） Ⅰ. 根据句意及音标提示写出单词（15小题） 1. 答案：brush；解析：音标/brʌʃ/对应单词brush，名词，意为刷子，句意为你需要一把刷子清理脏鞋子。 2. 答案：dangerous；解析：音标/ˈdeɪndʒərəs/对应dangerous，形容词危险的，修饰名词animals，句意：蛇被认为是这片区域最危险的动物。 3. 答案：method；解析：音标/meθəd/对应method，名词方法，teaching method固定搭配教学方法。 4. 答案：joy；解析：音标/dʒɔɪ/对应joy，名词快乐，bring sb. joy给某人带来快乐。 5. 答案：tape；解析：音标/teɪp/对应tape，名词胶带，句意为用胶带捆住地上的书本。 6. 答案：rose；解析：音标/rəʊz/对应rose，名词玫瑰，母亲节送玫瑰符合语境。 7. 答案：mark；解析：音标/mɑːk/对应mark，动词标记、标注，主语parents为复数，动词用原形。 8. 答案：chalk；解析：音标/tʃɔːk/对应chalk，不可数名词粉笔，with chalk用粉笔。 9. 答案：reduce；解析：音标/rɪˈdjuːs/对应reduce，动词减少，had better后接动词原形。 10. 答案：waste；解析：音标/weɪst/对应waste，名词浪费，a waste浪费的事物。 11. 答案：crazy；解析：音标/ˈkreɪzi/对应crazy，形容词狂热的，be crazy about痴迷于。 12. 答案：complete；解析：音标/kəmˈpliːt/对应complete，形容词完全的，a complete stranger完全陌生的人。 13. 答案：instructions；解析：音标/ɪnˈstrʌkʃnz/对应instructions，复数名词说明，使用机器的操作说明常用复数。 14. 答案：usual；解析：音标/ˈjuːʒuəl/对应usual，as usual固定搭配像往常一样。 15. 答案：dry；解析：音标/draɪ/对应dry，动词（使）变干，let’s后接动词原形。 Ⅱ. 根据句意及汉语提示写出单词（25小题） 1. 答案：glue；解析：胶水glue为不可数名词，a little glue一点胶水。 2. 答案：shelf；解析：架子shelf，前面a wooden提示用单数；复数形式shelves。 3. 答案：mooncakes；解析：月饼mooncake，some后接可数名词复数mooncakes。 4. 答案：crazy；解析：狂热的crazy，be crazy about DIY痴迷手工，形容词作表语。 5. 答案：lamp；解析：灯lamp，turn off your lamp关掉你的灯。 6. 答案：paint；解析：油漆paint不可数名词，red paint红色油漆。 7. 答案：born；解析：天生的born，be born with天生拥有……，贴合单元单词释义。 8. 答案：mistakes；解析：错误mistake，learn from mistakes从错误中学习，用复数表泛指。 9. 答案：course；解析：课程course，a French course一门法语课程。 10. 答案：in a mess；解析：固定短语in a mess乱七八糟，符合单元短语。 11. 答案：surprised；解析：惊讶的surprised，修饰人mom，形容人感到吃惊；surprising修饰事物。 12. 答案：impossible；解析：不可能的impossible，nothing is impossible一切皆有可能，固定句型。 13. 答案：marks；解析：分数mark，high marks高分，复数表多次考试分数。 14. 答案：tying；解析：拴tie，spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事，tie变动名词tying。 15. 答案：untie；解析：解开untie，can’t后接动词原形，解开绳结。 16. 答案：methods；解析：方法method，one of + 可数名词复数，意为……之一。 17. 答案：product；解析：产品product，this后接单数名词。 18. 答案：Not only; but also；解析：固定连词短语not only…but also不仅……而且，句首首字母大写。 19. 答案：gloves；解析：手套glove，a pair of gloves一双手套，用复数。 20. 答案：fingers；解析：手指finger，their后接复数名词fingers。 21. 答案：completed；解析：完成complete，last year去年，一般过去时，动词变过去式completed。 22. 答案：unlucky；解析：不幸的unlucky，形容词修饰名词day。 23. 答案：Instead；解析：反而instead，副词放句首，首字母大写。 24. 答案：everywhere；解析：到处everywhere，地点副词，厨房到处都是食材。 25. 答案：usual；解析：通常的usual，than usual比平时，固定搭配。 第二部分：能力提升层级（20分） 1. 答案：joyful；解析：joy名词快乐，此处修饰名词dinner用形容词joyful开心的。 2. 答案：wasteful；解析：waste名词浪费，It is + adj. to do sth.，wasteful形容词浪费的。 3. 答案：reducing；解析：reduce动词减少，pay attention to中to是介词，后接动名词reducing。 4. 答案：drier；解析：dry形容词干燥的，and hotter提示用比较级drier更干燥。 5. 答案：untie；解析：tie系，根据语境外面冷，不要解开围巾，don’t后接动词原形untie。 6. 答案：dangerous；解析：danger名词危险，It is + adj.，dangerous形容词危险的。 7. 答案：painters；解析：paint动词绘画，one of后接复数名词，painter画家，复数painters。 8. 答案：born；解析：bear动词生育，born形容词天生的，a born artist天生的艺术家。 9. 答案：messy；解析：mess名词杂乱，be动词后用形容词messy凌乱的作表语。 10. 答案：mistakes；解析：mistake错误，表泛指用复数mistakes。 11. 答案：shelves；解析：shelf架子，supermarket shelves超市货架，复数shelves。 12. 答案：unusual；解析：usual通常的，后文amazing experiences说明旅途不寻常，加否定前缀un-。 13. 答案：instructions；解析：instruct动词指导，read the instructions阅读说明，常用复数。 14. 答案：impossible；解析：possible可能的，后文never give up提示一切皆有可能，nothing is impossible。 15. 答案：surprised；解析：surprise名词惊喜，修饰人I用surprised感到惊讶的。 16. 答案：unlucky; Instead；解析：第一空：lucky幸运的，冰淇淋掉了是不幸的，unlucky；第二空副词反而，句首大写Instead。 17. 答案：handymen；解析：handyman手巧的人，two后接复数handymen。 18. 答案：to complete；解析：complete完成，固定句型It took sb. +时间+to do sth.做某事花费某人多久。 19. 答案：coloured；解析：colour名词颜色，coloured paper彩纸，单元固定搭配。 20. 答案：crazier；解析：crazy狂热的，much修饰形容词比较级crazier更痴迷。 第三部分：综合拓展层级（20分） 1. 答案：unlucky；解析：unlucky adj.不幸的，数字四谐音死，被看作不吉利数字。 2. 答案：chalk；解析：chalk n.粉笔，老师用粉笔写字。 3. 答案：joy；解析：joy n.快乐，运动带来生活乐趣。 4. 答案：course；解析：course n.课程，take an English course上英语课程。 5. 答案：dangerous；解析：dangerous adj.危险的，独自下海游泳很危险。 6. 答案：mess；解析：mess n.杂乱，in a mess一片狼藉。 7. 答案：waste；解析：waste n.浪费，食物全部扔掉，太浪费了。 8. 答案：Instead；解析：instead adv.反而，没开车，反而走路，句首大写。 9. 答案：impossible；解析：impossible adj.不可能的，没人有钥匙，没人能进房间。 10. 答案：everywhere；解析：everywhere adv.到处，书本床上、沙发、椅子下到处都是。 11. 答案：complete；解析：complete v.完成，学生必须按时完成作业上交。 12. 答案：brush；解析：brush n.刷子，手工时用刷子清理灰尘。 13. 答案：usual；解析：as usual固定搭配像往常一样。 14. 答案：mark；解析：mark n.标记，老师在画作旁做红色标记。 15. 答案：mistake；解析：make a mistake固定搭配犯错。 16. 答案：method；解析：method n.方法，询问粘贴纸张的实用方法。 17. 答案：product；解析：product n.产品，作坊产出的商品销量很好。 18. 答案：reduce；解析：reduce v.减少，做手工减少浪费，回收旧材料。 19. 答案：can；解析：can n.金属容器，颜料装入金属容器防止风干，贴合课本名词释义。 20. 答案：born；解析：born adj.天生的，天生拥有绘画天赋的艺术家，匹配单词表释义。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $夯实词汇基础・突破变形考点・单元专项精练 译林版（新教材）八年级上册Unit 4 Hands-on fun 单元重点词汇变形分层80题 学校：______________ 班级：______________ 姓名：______________ （考试时间：40分钟 满分：80分） 资料说明 整套词汇专项按基础识记→能力提升→综合拓展三层梯度划分，由浅入深，完整覆盖音、形、义、变形、语境全维度考点： 1. 基础识记（40分）：内设音标写词、中文提示写词两类基础题型，先通过音标训练音形匹配，解决单词不会读、不会拼的难题；再结合中文释义巩固词义记忆，全覆盖单元核心四会单词，夯实拼写根基。 2. 能力提升（20分）：词形转换专项，囊括名词单复数、词性转换、时态变化、形副词转换等高频易错考点，词汇语法结合，针对性突破变形失分点。 3. 综合拓展（20分）：语境首字母填空，依托完整句子设置场景，考查单词辨析与固定搭配，训练学生结合上下文灵活运用词汇的能力。 第一部分：基础识记层级（40 分） Ⅰ. 根据句意及音标提示写出单词（共15小题，每小题1分） 1．You need a ________ /brʌʃ/ to clean your dirty shoes. 2．Snakes are considered the most ________ /ˈdeɪndʒərəs/ animals in this area. 3．Mr. Li is popular among students because of his special teaching ________ /meθəd/. 4．Reading brings me________/dʒɔɪ/ and gives me power. 5．Please use this ________ /teɪp/ to tie up the books on the floor. 6．Little Mary gave her mother a beautiful ________ /rəʊz/ as a gift on Mother’s Day. 7．My parents ________ /mɑːk/ my height on the door every year. 8．The boy is writing on the blackboard with ________ /tʃɔːk/. 9．For your own health, you’d better ________ /rɪˈdjuːs/ the amount of sugar in your meals. 10．Nothing is a ______ /weɪst/ if you have a creative mind. 11．Some adults are also _________ /ˈkreɪzi/ about online games, so this is a serious social problem. 12．I didn’t see him before. He is a ________ /kəmˈpliːt/ stranger to me. 13．The booklet gives us ________ /ɪnˈstrʌkʃnz/ on how to use the machine. 14．We’re training hard as _______ /ˈjuːʒuəl/. 15．Let’s ________ /draɪ/ our hair so that we don’t catch a cold. Ⅱ. 根据句意及汉语提示写出单词（共25小题，每小题1分） 1．We should use a little ________ (胶水) to fix the broken paper. 2．Tom made a wooden ________ (架子) for his favourite books and magazines this weekend. 3．My mother made some delicious ________ (月饼) for the Mid-Autumn Festival. 4．Jason loves to make or repair things because he is _________ (狂热的) about DIY. 5．Don’t forget to turn off your ________ (灯) when you go to bed. 6．We need some red ________ (油漆) to paint the wooden desk. 7．Some people believe that great artists are ________ (天生的) with a special talent. 8．It’s important to learn from ______ (错误) and become stronger. 9．I will take a French ________ (课程) because learning foreign languages is fun. 10．Her hair looks ________ ________ ________ (乱七八糟) because of the strong wind. 11．My mom will be ________ (惊讶的) if she knows I prepared dinner for the whole family. 12．Nothing is ________ (不可能的) if you work hard. 13．Andy always studies hard, so he often gets high ________ (分数) in English exams. 14．Can you tell me how long the farmer spent ________ (拴) the horse to the tree? 15．My fingers go dead and I can’t ________ the knot. Please help me. (解开) 16．Reading English great books is one of the good ________ (方法) to learn English. 17．The advertisement told us very little about this ________ (产品). So, we need to find out more about it before buying. 18．________ ________ the students ________ ________ (不仅……而且……) the teacher likes the new AI learning equipment. 19．It’s very cold. Aunt Wang will buy a pair of ________ (手套) for her mother. 20．All of them put their________ (手指) in their ears because of the big noise. 21．They ________ (完成) the tallest building in the city last year. 22．What an ________ (不幸的) day! I missed the school bus and lost my keys. 23．James gave her a hair clip as a gift, but she didn't accept it. ________ (反而) , she gave it back. 24．There were vegetables, eggs and flour ________ (到处) in the kitchen. 25．Yesterday I got to school a little later than __________ (通常的). 第二部分：能力提升层级（20 分） 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空（共20小题，每小题1分） 1．The whole family had a ________ dinner together on New Year’s Eve. (joy) 2．It is ________ (waste) to throw away the plastic bottles. 3．Everyone should pay attention to ________ (reduce) waste around them to protect the environment. 4．It’s becoming _______ (dry) and hotter these days. I don’t feel like staying here. 5．“It’s cold outside. Don’t ________ (tie) the scarf, my boy,” Mum said to Alex. 6．It’s ________ to leave much personal information on the Internet. (danger) 7．Gu Kaizhi was one of the most famous ______ (paint) in the history of China. 8．He is a ________ (bear) artist with great taste in painting. 9．My little sister’s room is always ________ and there are toys everywhere. (mess) 10．It is important to learn from ________ (mistake) and become stronger. 11．More and more reusable products have appeared on supermarket ________ (shelf), which helps to reduce plastic waste. 12．Julie took an ________ (usual) trip to Africa and had lots of amazing experiences. 13．Please read the __________ (instruct) carefully before using the mobile phone. 14．Nothing is ________ (possible) if you try your best and never give up. 15．I was very ________ when I heard the news. (surprise) 16．I was ________ to drop my ice cream. ________, my mum bought me a new one. (lucky) 17．The two ________ (handyman) came to fix our broken window and finished the work quickly. 18．It took all the workers over 8 years _________ (complete) the Shenzhen-Zhongshan Bridge. 19．To make a kite, you need some thin sticks, some pieces of ________ paper. ( colour) 20．It is bad for many teenagers to become much _________ (crazy) about TikTok (抖音). 第三部分：综合拓展层级（20 分） 根据句意及首字母提示补全单词（共20小题，每小题1分） 1．Most Chinese people see “four” as an u________ number, because it sounds like the word for death in Chinese. 2．The teachers write on the blackboard with c________. 3．Jim likes playing badminton. It brings him great j________ of life. 4．I plan to take an English c________ this September to improve my English writing skills. 5．—Can I go swimming in the sea, mum? —No, you mustn’t. It’s d________ to swim on your own. 6．After the birthday party, the room was in a m________ because nobody cleaned it up. 7．—I had to throw away all the food after I left the fridge open. —What a w________! 8．Sam didn’t drive to work this morning. I________, he walked to school. 9．It was i________ for anyone to get into the room because no one had the key. 10．— Jim, your books are e________ — on your bed, on the sofa and under the chair. — Sorry, Mum! 11．Students must c________ their homework and hand in it on time. 12. You can use a b________ to clean the dust off the desk when you do DIY work. 13. As u________, my father will finish his DIY project after dinner. 14. The teacher made a red m________ next to my beautiful drawing. 15. If you make a m________ while making model furniture, you can start again. 16. Could you tell me a useful m________ to stick paper to the wooden board? 17. This p________ of the workshop looks nice. Many buyers want to buy it. 18. We can r________ waste when we do DIY and reuse old materials. 19. Put the paint into this metal c________, or it will dry soon. 20. Everyone thinks he is a b________ artist. He has a good sense of painting from childhood. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $