必修第一册 Unit 1 A new start 课后检测能力达标（教用Word）-【精微方案】2027年高考一轮总复习讲义·英语（外研版）

**基本信息** 聚焦语篇理解与思维能力，整合记叙文、议论文等体裁，通过题型分类解析构建系统性解题方法，强化高频词汇与文化意识培养。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解A|4题（雅礼中学月考）|细节题定位原文、推理题上下文推断|个人经历类记叙文的情感线索与人生感悟推导| |阅读理解B|4题（南京二模）|细节题对比分析、标题题主旨提炼|教育问题类议论文的论点论据逻辑链| |七选五|5题（华中师大一附中）|上下文衔接词匹配、段落主题一致|垂直农业发展史的时间线与概念演进| |完形填空|15题（汕头三模）|语境词汇辨析、文化场景理解|跨文化活动中的文化认同与情感体验逻辑|

Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2026·雅礼中学高三月考)Sitting in the garden for my friend's birthday, I felt a buzz (振动) in my pocket.My heart raced with a mix of anxiety and hope when I saw the email sender's name.The email started off：“Dear Mr. Green, thank you for your interest”and “the review process took longer than expected”．It ended with“We are sorry to inform you...” and my vision blurred (模糊).The position—measuring soil quality in the Sahara Desert as part of an undergraduate research program—had felt like the answer I had spent years looking for. I had put so much time and emotional energy into applying, and I thought the rejection meant the end of the road for my science career. So I was shocked when, not long after the email, Professor Mary Devon, who was running the program, invited me to observe the work being done in her lab.I jumped at the chance, and a few weeks later I was equally shocked—and overjoyed—when she invited me to talk with her about potential projects I could pursue in her lab.What she proposed didn't seem as exciting as the original project I had applied to, but I was going to give it my all. I found myself working with a robotics professor on techniques for collecting data from the desert remotely.That project, which I could complete from my sofa instead of in the burning heat of the desert, not only survived the lockdown but worked where traditional methods didn't.In the end, I had a new scientific interest to pursue. When I applied to graduate school, I found three programs promising to allow me to follow my desired research direction.And I applied with the same anxious excitement as before.When I was rejected by one that had seemed like a perfect fit, it was undoubtedly difficult. But this time I had the perspective to keep it from sending me into panic.It helped that in the end I was accepted into one of the other programs I was also excited about. Rather than making plans set in stone, I've learned that sometimes I need to take the opportunities that are offered, even if they don't sound perfect at the time, and make the most of them. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过分享自己从科研项目申请失败到最终找到新研究方向的心路历程，传达了灵活应变、把握当下的生活智慧。 1．How did the author initially feel upon seeing the email? A．Quite curious and interested. B．Quite nervous and excited. C．Rather surprised and confused. D．Deeply disappointed and upset. B　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“My heart raced...when I saw the email sender's name.”可知，当看到邮件发送者的名字时，作者因焦虑与希望并存的复杂心情而心脏狂跳。因此，作者的初始感受是紧张与激动交织。 2．What was the author's first reaction to the rejection? A．He decided to abandon his scientific dream. B．He immediately sought alternative programs. C．He saw it as the end of his career in science. D．He chose to observe the lab work without hesitation. C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I thought the rejection meant the end of the road for my science career”可知，作者以为这次拒绝意味着他科学生涯的终结。 3．What does the author imply about the project he eventually undertook? A．It proved to be effective and innovative. B．It was more exciting than the Sahara project. C．It was done under tough desert conditions. D．It matched his original research interest well. A　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“a robotics professor...worked where traditional methods didn't.”可推知，该项目是用“机器人＋远程技术”从沙漠中收集数据的，并在传统方法无效的情况下取得了成功，所以该项目既是创新的，又是有效的。 4．What main life lesson has the author learned from his experience? A．Only apply for programs that are a perfect fit. B．Seize and maximize the opportunities at hand. C．Rejections are unavoidable on the road to success. D．Always have a backup plan ready for any situation. B　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“take the opportunities that are offered...and make the most of them”可推知，作者学到了要抓住被提供的机会，并充分利用这些机会。 B (2026·南京二模)This might sound impossibly old-fashioned, but I still like the idea that education is about learning: facts, skills, culture, analysis, and inspiration. It's supposed to make us better citizens. But over the last decade, the goal of learning has given way to grades and degrees. The unfortunate result has been inflation (膨胀) of both. They rise ever higher; learning doesn't. To avoid discouraging students, some school districts did away with D and F grades. Grade-point averages have consistently risen even though scores on nationwide standardized exams such as the SAT have not. It's not that I think standardized tests are the final word in measuring excellence. But when the gaps between grades and test scores are so wide and consistent, parents and the public should not be fooled. That's true not just of low-achieving students. In a 2023 survey, educators said that close to half of students argue for higher grades than they earn, and 8 out of 10 teachers give in. It's hard to blame them: A third or more of students and parents disturb them when they don't. Unearned grades are damaging in many ways. Some students, armed with good grades, march off to college to find themselves in remedial (补习的) classes because they haven't learned enough to take college-level courses. Employers complain that high school and even college graduates lack basic skills needed in the workforce. There are also complaints from college professors that the students aren't even good at reading books. Grade inflation has followed students into college. Some professors hesitate to grade accurately because of student evaluations, which are often more negative for tough graders. Remember that about 70% of college instructors are adjunct (兼职) professors who have few job protections. Many Ivy League students have learned to cherry-pick easy-grading professors. Yet a Brown University study found that students taking courses from professors with stricter grading standards learned more. We have to ask ourselves as a society: Do we want college to be a place of intellectual growth—or a performative exercise in grade fishing? 【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了成绩膨胀的现象，指出现在教育中成绩和学位的目标取代了学习本身，成绩膨胀导致学生实际学习不足，不能满足雇主的需求，作者认为应该重视真正的学习，而不是单纯追求高分。 5．What are parents fooled into thinking? A．SAT is the best measure of their children's abilities. B.The purpose of education is to make better citizens. C.Grade-point averages are vital for college application. D．Children's high grades reflect their exceptional abilities. D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，学生的平均绩点持续上升，但全国标准化考试成绩却没有相应提高，当成绩和考试分数差距很大且持续存在时，父母和公众不应该被愚弄，即父母被误导认为孩子的高分反映了他们卓越的能力。 6．What is a consequence of grade inflation? A．Employers favor students with higher degrees. B．Graduates fall short of employers' expectations. C.Remedial classes become required courses in college. D.Low-achieving students find it harder to enter college. B　解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Employers complain that high school and even college graduates lack basic skills needed in the workforce.”可知，成绩膨胀的后果是毕业生达不到雇主的期望。 7．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Tough graders desire job security. B．Strict grading promotes real learning. C．Student evaluations fuel intellectual growth. D．Easy-grading professors start grade inflation. B　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Yet a Brown University study found...with stricter grading standards learned more.”可知，布朗大学的一项研究发现，从评分标准更严格的教授那里上课的学生学到的东西更多。由此可推知，严格的评分能促进真正的学习。 8．What is the best title of the passage? A．The Game of Scores B．Today, Grade A is For Average C．The Force behind Grade Inflation D．Now, Learning Takes the Front Seat B　解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要讨论了成绩膨胀的现象，指出现在学生的成绩虚高，实际能力不足，很多学生和家长被高成绩所误导，给分宽松的现象普遍存在，而严格的评分能促进真正的学习。由此可知，B项适合作文章最佳标题。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2026·华中师范大学第一附属中学高三考试)Vertical (垂直的) farming can date back as far as 2，500 years.The hanging gardens of Babylon are considered one of the first examples of vertical farming.About 1，500 years later, the Aztecs developed a form of hydroponic (水培的) farming. 1._______ In the 1600s, French and Dutch farmers grew Mediterranean fruits on walls that stored heat to help the fruits survive colder conditions. Controlled environments for food production are not new. 2._______ In 1999, Dickson Despommier and his graduate students explored the concept of vertical farming as a way to feed growing urban populations, leading to the broader use of the term in the 2010s and 2020s. Vertical farming as a practice really didn't become popular in the United States until around 2020, but it has been used in countries like Japan and the Netherlands for decades, according to Koga, where greenhouses(the early form of vertical farming) in general are a much more integral part of their culture and food production. 3._______ Today, much of the work in creating more nutrient-rich food through vertical farming comes down to science. 4._______ Currently, researchers are working to create seeds that are best suited for an indoor, controlled environment. 5．_______ For instance, FFAR invested some $7.5 million in the PIP consortium to research varieties specific to indoor planting.“We've adapted plants through history，”Reich told Built In.“We need to try to see if we can adapt plants specifically for indoor agriculture, to see if that makes it more economically practical for the future.” A．The research attracts more than one sponsor. B．This practice was copied by many other farmers. C．They created floating boats to grow crops on water. D．Yet the term “vertical farming” caught on much later. E．The older version shapes vertical farming's operations. F．Conventional methods adjust seeds for weather and soil. G．Thus, vertical farming is adopted to reduce greenhouse gases.　 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了垂直农业的发展史——从古代的巴比伦空中花园、阿兹特克人的水培农业，到17世纪欧洲的墙上种植，再到现代垂直农业的兴起和发展。 1．C　解析：上文提到大约1 500年后，阿兹特克人发明了一种水培农业。C项是对阿兹特克人水培农业实践的阐释，与上文提到的概念相衔接，符合语境。 2．D　解析：上文提到为食物生产而控制环境并不新鲜，下文提到1999年迪克森·德斯波米尔和他的学生对垂直农业的探索使该术语在21世纪早期被更广泛使用。这里存在一个明显的时间对比：实践很古老，但术语很新。D项承上启下，符合语境。 3．E　解析：上文提到垂直农业的早期形式是温室，E项自然而然地引出下一段对现代垂直农业运作的探讨，E项中的“The older version”与上文中的“the early form”形成呼应，指代“温室”这一历史实践，符合语境。 4．F　解析：上文“Today, much of the work...comes down to science.”引出了科学的重要性。下文提到目前研究人员正在培育最适合室内受控环境的种子，具体说明了科学工作的内容。F项与下文中的“indoor”“controlled environment”形成鲜明对比，强调了垂直农业育种的创新，符合语境。 5．A　解析：下文以“For instance”开头，介绍了食品与农业研究基金会(FFAR)对研究室内种植的特定品种的投资。因此空处内容应与对室内种植相关研究的投资相关。A项概括下文，说明了研究的资金来源是多元化的，A项中的“The research”指第四段最后一句提到的研究。 Ⅲ.完形填空 (2026·汕头三模)Every year, my high school's Chinese club sponsors an event to celebrate Chinese New Year called “China Night”. During the evening, we show 1 Chinese culture with various booths(摊位) featuring activities like Chinese yoyo, calligraphy, and chess. There is also a finale with 2 that include dragon dances, songs, and classical Chinese instruments. For this year's event, I played the cello (大提琴) in a string quartet (弦乐四重奏). We 3 famous scores (配乐) from Chinese cinema such as Raise the Red Lantern and To Live. Quartets remind me of Chinese dragon dances. Each player is 4 in the quartet just as each dancer contributes to the dance performance. The whole could not 5 without individual effort. Performing gave me a great sense of 6 ： Not only was I playing music from my culture, but I was 7 it with others. During one particular break, I told my friends to meet me at one of the 8 booths. My friends are quite 9 ， with ethnicities (种族渊源) from Germany, Russia and India. I was excited to see my friends 10 some traditional Chinese foods, although I 11 how they might react. As they tasted the mooncake, their facial expressions changed from caution to 12 . They really enjoyed tasting Chinese foods, perhaps more than any other 13 during the evening. This gave me a deep sense of pride in my culture. Through attending China Night, I was surprised to see how enthusiastically my community 14 Chinese culture and how everyone was so 15 to trying new things. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者就读的高中的中文社团每年都会赞助一个庆祝中国新年的活动。 1．A.modern　　　　　　　 B．famous C．traditional D．initial C　解析：根据下文“Chinese yoyo, calligraphy, and chess”可知，这些都是中国传统(traditional)文化。 2．A.arts B．exhibitions C．fairs D．performances D　解析：根据下文“include dragon dances, songs, and classical Chinese instruments”可知，这些都是表演(performance)。 3．A.played B．enjoyed C．read D．practised A　解析：根据上文“For this year's event, I played the cello in a string quartet.”和下文“famous scores from Chinese cinema”可知，他们演奏(play)了中国电影的著名配乐。 4．A.skilled B．important C．eager D．positive B　解析：根据下文“just as each dancer contributes to the dance performance”可知，每个演奏者都很重要(important)。 5．A.move B．exist C．combine D．break B　解析：根据下文“without individual effort”可推知，没有个人的努力，整体就不可能存在(exist)。 6．A.pride B．humour C．security D．responsibility A　解析：根据下文“Not only was I playing music from my culture, but I was _______it with others.”可知，表演给了作者一种巨大的自豪感(pride)。 7．A.discussing B．replacing C．appreciating D．sharing D　解析：根据语境及下文with others可知，此处指作者与其他人分享(share)音乐。 8．A.food B．phone C．ticket D．book A　解析：根据下文“some traditional Chinese foods”可知，作者让朋友们在一个食品(food)摊位等他。 9．A.strange B．friendly C．shy D．different D　解析：根据下文“with ethnicities from Germany, Russia and India”可知，作者的朋友们来自不同的(different)地方。 10．A.sell B．try C．bring D．cook B　解析：根据下文“some traditional Chinese foods”和“As they tasted the mooncake”可知，看到朋友们尝试(try)一些中国传统食物，作者很兴奋。 11．A.predicted B．argued C．worried D．imagined C　解析：根据上文“I was excited...Chinese foods”以及此处的although可知，作者很兴奋，但是也担心(worry)他们的反应。 12．A.seriousness B．satisfaction C．calmness D．puzzlement B　解析：根据下文“They really enjoyed tasting Chinese foods”可知，他们的表情从谨慎变成了满意(satisfaction)。 13．A.change B．difficulty C．achievement D．experience D　解析：根据上文提到的晚上有各种各样的中国传统文化活动可知，此处表示活动的体验(experience)。 14．A.abandoned B．considered C．accepted D．discriminated C　解析：根据上文how enthusiastically可知，作者惊讶地发现自己所在的社区对中国文化的接受(accept)是如此热情。 15．A.open B．free C．easy D．careful A　解析：根据下文“to trying new things”可知，每个人都是如此开放(open)地尝试新事物。 阅读 理解 A篇 [高频词]one's heart races with...某人的心因……而狂跳　start off 一开始是　rejection n．拒绝　pursue v．继续进行，追求　propose v．提议　remotely adv.远程地　perspective n．视角；态度　send sb.into panic 使某人陷入恐慌　[障碍词]jump at sth.迫不及待接受某事/物　overjoyed adj.非常高兴，欣喜若狂　robotics n．机器人技术　set in stone板上钉钉　[熟词生义]fit (常用义) adj.合适的 v．适合　(文章义) n．匹配，相配 阅读 理解 B篇 [高频词]inspiration n．灵感　give way to让步，被……取代　discourage v．使人沮丧，使灰心　do away with 废除，取消　consistently adv.一致地，始终　argue for赞成，支持　[障碍词]old-fashioned adj.陈旧的，过时的　excellence n．优秀，杰出　intellectual adj.智力的，脑力的　[熟词生义]arm (常用义) n．胳膊 (文章义) v．装备　grade (常用义) n．年级 (文章义) v．给……评分 七选 五 [高频词]date back (to) 追溯到　feed v．养，养活　term n．词语，术语　greenhouse n．温室，暖房　nutrient-rich food 营养丰富的食物variety n．种类，品种　[障碍词]integral adj.必需的，不可或缺的　sponsor n．赞助商 v．赞助(活动、节目等)　catch on 受欢迎，流行起来 完形 填空 [障碍词]finale n．(演出的)终场，结局　facial adj.面部的　enthusiastically adv.热情地；热心地 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $