必修第三册 Unit 3 The world of science 课后检测能力达标（课件PPT）-【精微方案】2027年高考一轮总复习讲义·英语（外研版）

该高中英语高考复习课件涵盖阅读理解、完形填空、语法填空三大核心题型，依据高考评价体系明确了细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测等考查维度。通过对模拟题考点统计，梳理出科普类文本阅读占60%、语法填空中非谓语动词占25%的高频考点，归纳了“定位原文”“上下文逻辑分析”等常考题型的答题框架。 课件亮点在于“真题演练+技巧拆解+素养提升”的备考模式，如以2026年江苏调研卷“皮肤老化”阅读为例，详解词义猜测题“转折词提示法”，培养学生语言能力和逻辑思维品质。整合高频词与障碍词表，设置“易错点警示”，助力学生掌握答题技巧。教师可依托此课件精准定位学生薄弱环节，实现高效复习冲刺。

课后检测 能力达标 1 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　(2026·江苏苏锡常镇调研二)“If your skin is getting older, you are getting older, so be careful，” says Claudia Cavadas at the University of Coimbra, Portugal. Could our fight to remove wrinkles help restore youth both inside and outside? 课后检测 能力达标 　　As skin ages, more and more cells enter a lifeless state called senescence(衰老). As time marches on, the mechanisms(机制) for clearing senescent cells out start to decline and they build up in tissues. This is bad news. The build-up of these cells has been shown to be a direct cause of some of the conditions that are generally more common in older age. 课后检测 能力达标 　　To support her assumption around wrinkles driving whole-body ageing, Cavadas is planning to test experimental drugs on animal models of aged skin. “The evidence is still fragile, but, in a year, we will have experimental data，” she says. 课后检测 能力达标 　　Whether resisting skin ageing resists whole-body ageing will need to be seen. But there is another good reason to slow down skin ageing at least. Aged skin is worse than young skin at pretty much everything it is supposed to do, says a plastic surgeon. Its barrier functions weaken, wounds are slower to heal(康复), sensitivity to touch declines and its ability to defend diseases is weakened. 课后检测 能力达标 　　How about anti-wrinkle creams？At present, there is limited evidence that they are genuine anti-ageing treatments. We do, however, have one method for preventing skin ageing: sunscreen, which absorbs UV rays before they do damage to the skin. It is never too soon to start. Even though the first visible signs of skin ageing usually don't appear until our mid-20s, the potential processes are under way much earlier. 课后检测 能力达标 　　Apparently, wrinkle treatment should no longer be seen as a “skin-deep” thing, but as a vital part of staying biologically young and healthy. Everyone should pay attention to that, because we all have skin in this game. 　　【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了皮肤老化与全身老化的关系，以及科学家对此的研究和探索，同时涉及了抗衰老的方法和防晒的重要性。 课后检测 能力达标 √ 1．What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．The definition of senescence. B．The causes of skin ageing. C．The process of cell declining. D．The consequences of skin ageing. 解析：段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，第二段主要介绍了皮肤老化的后果，包括衰老细胞在组织中积聚以及它们会导致一些老年常见病症。 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 课后检测 能力达标 √ 2．What does the underlined word “fragile” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Artificial. B．Considerable. C．Insubstantial. D．Convincing. 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的but及“in a year，we will have experimental data”可推知，此处表示目前还没有实验数据作为证据来支撑上文的假设，即证据还不够充分有力。insubstantial意为“不充实的”，符合题意。 4 5 6 7 8 2 3 1 课后检测 能力达标 √ 3．Which is a disadvantage of the aged skin? A．It tends to be sensitive to touches. B．The cut on it recovers quickly. C．The barrier functions work poorly. D．It stops guarding against diseases. 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Its barrier functions...is weakened.” 可知，衰老的皮肤屏障功能减弱。 4 5 6 7 8 2 3 1 课后检测 能力达标 √ 4．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A．Anti-wrinkle creams are quite useful. B．Wrinkle treatment is important to health. C．Sunscreen may pose potential risk to the skin. D．Wrinkle treatment is a practice proven skin-deep. 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，皱纹治疗不应再被视为一件“表面”的事情，而应被视为保持生理年轻和健康的重要部分。由此可知，皱纹治疗对健康很重要。 4 5 6 7 8 2 3 1 课后检测 能力达标 B 　　(2026·郑州高三质检)Just as damaged teeth can be replaced with gold crowns, scientists are exploring how gold can be used to repair damaged parts of the brain. 课后检测 能力达标 　　Scientists at Linköping University in Sweden said that a “brain of gold” might just be what we need to fight nervous system diseases. The plan is to put gold electrodes (电极) into the affected part of the brain. They will act as “telephone operators” between nerve cells and electronic medical devices, enabling communication so that the nervous system can function normally. 课后检测 能力达标 　　Treatment plans that involve connecting medical devices to the brain already exist. However, the electrodes used are usually made of hard metals, while the brain is like a jelly that “shakes” at the body's slightest movement. 　　“As the body is constantly in motion, achieving close contact between something that is hard and something that is soft and breakable becomes a problem，” explained Klas Tybrandt, one of the scientists. 课后检测 能力达标 　　This is why the Swedish scientists are using a new material called “gold nanowires (金纳米线)”. As the name suggests, these are long, extremely thin gold threads—1，000 times thinner than human hair. By putting them into rubber, the scientists have successfully created electrodes that are soft enough to connect comfortably with the human brain. 课后检测 能力达标 　　Gold can be made into structures as small as nanowires. According to Live Science, gold can be stretched, pressed or even rolled into all kinds of shapes without breaking. What's more, gold doesn't react with other chemicals in the human brain, making it a safe choice. Once placed in the brain, gold nanowires can last for at least three years, which is longer than many materials currently in use. 　　【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。瑞典科学家研发了新材料“金纳米线”来探索黄金在人类神经系统治疗方面的潜在应用。 课后检测 能力达标 √ 5．What role will gold electrodes play in treating nervous system diseases? A．Replacing damaged nerve cells. B．Serving as a communication link. C．Activating different brain regions. D．Protecting the brain's unaffected parts. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They will act as ‘telephone operators’ ...system can function normally.”可知，金电极充当了通信链路。 4 5 6 7 8 2 3 1 课后检测 能力达标 √ 6．What can we learn about gold nanowires? A．They are harder than rubber. B．They are as thin as human hair. C．They can be placed into the brain. D．They are in the final stage of development. 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“By putting them into...with the human brain.”可知，“金纳米线”可以被放入大脑中。 4 5 6 7 8 2 3 1 课后检测 能力达标 √ 7．Why is gold a safe choice for use in the brain? A．It can be stretched by the brain. B．It can be made into various shapes. C．It is being used to create soft electrodes. D．It has no negative impact on the brain's functions. 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的 “gold doesn't react with other chemicals in the human brain, making it a safe choice”可知， 黄金不会与人脑中的其他化学物质发生反应，因此它是一个安全的选择，即它对大脑功能没有负面影响。 4 5 6 7 8 2 3 1 课后检测 能力达标 √ 8．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The unique properties of gold nanowires. B．The history of gold use in the medical field. C．The current applications of gold in the brain. D．The potential use of gold in nervous system treatment. 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了黄金在人类神经系统治疗方面的潜在应用。 4 5 6 7 8 2 3 1 课后检测 能力达标 Ⅱ.完形填空 　　(2026·武汉高三调研)I was excited about the London Olympics and wanted to be part of it. I didn't ____________ if I was outside the venues dancing. Searching online, I thought they might need ____________．Figuring there'd be thousands of applicants for the role, I never expected to ____________. Yet weeks later, I was invited to a two-day ____________ at the London Aquatics Centre. It was ____________ —there were knockout stages and you only got one chance. In the first round, the ones ____________ to make it to the bottom of a 5-metre-deep pool were cut. Followed were skill exams and theory tests. When I finally passed, I felt ____________． A．care　 C．lifeguards　 B．hear back　 D．trial　 C．intense　 C．failing　 B．disbelief　 课后检测 能力达标 　　Online, some ______________ us as having “the easiest job in the world”， but Olympians valued us and sometimes even ____________ us. I once got a Team GB swimming cap. You could be a top surgeon, but if you don't know how to pull somebody out of the water ____________， you've done the damage before they even get treatment. And ____________ did happen.I remember helping an athlete swimming headfirst into the wall. D．dismissed　 A．gifted　 A．correctly　 B．accidents　 课后检测 能力达标 　　There are starstruck moments. That said, it's very ______________ when you're in the chair. You forget all about those star athletes because you're so focused on making __________________ in your head while checking each athlete's movement to see if anything doesn't look right. 　　Not everything is shown on TV. Guarding pools is the stuff going on _____________________．But our silent readiness represents the Games' true spirit, where every role, however ____________ matters. D．professional　 B．risk assessments　 A．behind the scene　 D．unseen　 课后检测 能力达标 　　【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者参加伦敦奥运会游泳救生员选拔，并最终成为一名救生员的故事。作者认为奥运赛场上每个岗位都重要。 课后检测 能力达标 1．A．care B．admit C．doubt D．know A　解析：根据上文“I was excited...wanted to be part of it.”和下文“if I was outside the venues dancing”可知，作者很想成为伦敦奥运会的一份子，因此，作者不在乎(care)是否在场馆外面跳舞。 2．A．coaches B．athletes C．lifeguards D．firefighters C　解析：根据下文“pull somebody out of the water”和“Guarding pools”可知，作者申请的岗位是游泳救生员(lifeguard)。 课后检测 能力达标 3．A．step away B．hear back C．show off D．sign up B　解析：根据上文“Figuring there'd be...for the role”和下文“Yet weeks later, I was invited”可知，预估救生员岗位的申请者很多， 作者并未期待收到回信(hear back)。 4．A．routine B．practice C．experiment D．trial D　解析：根据下文“there were knockout stages”可知，作者被邀请去参加为期两天的选拔赛(trial)。 课后检测 能力达标 5．A．dangerous B．simple C．intense D．valuable C　解析：根据下文“there were knockout stages and you only got one chance”可推知，选拔赛非常激烈(intense)。 6．A．pretending B．intending C．failing D．desiring C　解析：根据上文“there were knockout stages and you only got one chance”和下文“were cut”可知，那些未能(fail)潜到5米深的水池底部的申请者们会被淘汰。 课后检测 能力达标 7．A．misfortune B．disbelief C．dishonesty D．misunderstanding B　解析：根据上文可知， 作者本身在报名阶段就对自己没有抱特别大的期待，所以当最终通过的时候，作者感到难以置信(disbelief)。 8．A．trusted B．admired C．discovered D．dismissed D　解析：根据下文的转折部分 “but Olympians valued us”可推知，有的人对作者他们很不屑(dismiss)，认为他们拥有世界上最轻松的工作。 课后检测 能力达标 9．A．gifted B．assisted C．bothered D．ignored A　解析：根据下文“I once got a Team GB swimming cap.”可知，奥运会选手珍视作者他们，有时甚至会赠送礼物(gift)给他们。 10．A．correctly B．immediately C．gently D．hurriedly A　解析：根据下文“you've done the damage before they even get treatment”可知，救生员需要正确地(correctly)把运动员拉出水面。 课后检测 能力达标 11．A．wonders B．accidents C．changes D．events B　解析：根据下文“I remember helping an athlete swimming headfirst into the wall.”可知，确实会有事故 (accident)发生。 课后检测 能力达标 12．A．annoying B．painful C．impressive D．professional D　解析：根据上文“There are starstruck moments.That said”和下文“You forget all about those star athletes”可知， 虽然有崇拜明星的时刻，但坐在椅子上工作时，救生员需要表现专业(professional)，忘记关于他们的所有事情。 课后检测 能力达标 13．A．health warnings B．risk assessments C．safety rules D．work arrangements B　解析：根据下文“while checking...see if anything doesn't look right”可知，救生员需要在脑海里进行风险评估(risk assessment)。 14．A．behind the scene B．at random C．by chance D．in the spotlight A　解析：根据上文“Not everything is shown on TV.”和下文“our silent readiness”可知，救生员是在幕后(behind the scene) 工作的一群人。 课后检测 能力达标 15．A．unexpected B．undisturbed C．unhurt D．unseen D　解析：根据上文内容可知，救生员是在幕后工作的一群人，但他们的工作很重要。因此，在奥运赛场上，每个岗位，即使不被人们看到的(unseen)岗位也很重要。 课后检测 能力达标 Ⅲ.语法填空 　　(2026·广州综合测试二)Once a little-known dish from China's northwest, Lanzhou beef noodle soup is now winning hearts globally. A recent article describes 1.____________ this surprisingly simple meal has become popular in 2.____________(city) like New York, London, and Sydney. how cities 课后检测 能力达标 　　Appealing online photos and videos of the dish stimulate local people's appetite and arouse their curiosity, driving them to give 3.______ a try. Diners appreciate both its taste and the experience it offers. In a Manhattan eatery, cooks stretch dough (面团) into noodles right 4.___________ customers' eyes. “It's like magic，” said one diner. Diners are also amazed by the unique and 5.____________ (impressive) chewy texture of Lanzhou noodles, which offers a distinct mouthfeel unlike any other. it before impressively 课后检测 能力达标 　　The soup, 6._________(cook) for hours with beef bones and spices, has a rich flavour. In Queens, a restaurant prepares a version 7.____________ respects the dishes' cultural roots and combines 20 spices to produce a hearty soup. The owner even video-calls her grandparents in China for recipes. In Flushing, the owner of a noodle shop adapts the soup based on customer feedback, making it thicker and spicier 8.________(suit) local preferences. As food expert C．Doyle notes, “There's no single ‘correct’ version—it keeps evolving.” cooked that/which to suit 课后检测 能力达标 　　From street food to global star, Lanzhou beef noodle soup shows that sharing food 9.____________ (bridge) cultural differences, with each bowl 10.____________ (tell) a story of tradition, creativity, and the delight of flavour discovery. bridges telling 　　【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了兰州牛肉面这一原本鲜为人知的中国西北菜肴，如今如何在全球范围内赢得人们的喜爱。 课后检测 能力达标 1．how　解析：考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作状语。结合句意可知，此处表示“如何、怎样”，应用how。 2．cities　解析：考查名词复数。空处应用名词作介词in的宾语；根据空后的“like New York, London, and Sydney”可知，空处应用名词复数形式。 3．it　解析：考查代词。give it a try意为“试一试”，为固定短语。 课后检测 能力达标 4．before　解析：考查介词。right before one's eyes为固定搭配，意为“在某人眼前”。 5．impressively　解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用副词作状语，修饰形容词chewy。 6．cooked　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词；主语The soup和动词cook之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。 课后检测 能力达标 7．that/which　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句；先行词为a version，在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。 8．to suit　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词，应用动词不定式作目的状语。 9．bridges　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作从句的谓语；根据主句时态可知，从句时态为一般现在时；动名词短语作主语，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。 课后检测 能力达标 10．telling　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为with复合结构，空处为非谓语动词；each bowl和动词tell之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作宾语补足语。 课后检测 能力达标 语料大观园——溯原文，积语料 阅读 理解 A篇 [高频词]wrinkle n．皱纹　restore v．恢复　build-up n．积 累，堆积　assumption n．假设，假定　sensitivity n．敏感，灵敏度，敏感性 genuine adj.真正的；有效的　biologically adv.生物学上　[障碍词]march on(时间)不断推进，流逝　sunscreen n．防晒霜 under way在进行中 课后检测 能力达标 阅读 理解 B篇 [高频词]function v．起作用；正常工作，运转　motion n．运用，移动，动　breakable adj.易碎的　stretch v．伸展，延伸　chemical n．化学物，化学制品，化学品　[障碍词]jelly n．胶状物，胶凝物　rubber n．橡胶 课后检测 能力达标 完形 填空 [高频词]applicant n．申请人　surgeon n．外科医生　guard v．看守，监视　stuff n．事情，事务　dismiss v．对……不屑一提；不予考虑，摒弃　[障碍词]venue n．聚会地点(如音乐厅、体育比赛场馆、会场)　a knockout stage淘汰赛阶段　headfirst adv.头朝前地　starstruck adj.崇拜明星的； 一心想当明星的　readiness n．准备就绪；愿意，乐意　[熟词生义] cut (常用义) v．切；割；剪 (文章义) v．淘汰，剔除 课后检测 能力达标 语法 填空 [高频词]globally adv.在全球范围内　appealing adj.吸引人的，诱人的　stimulate v．刺激，激发　stretch v．拉伸，延展　version n．版本　recipe n．食谱；配方　feedback n．反馈　[障碍词]chewy adj.有嚼劲的　mouthfeel n．口感　hearty adj. (食物)丰盛的　[熟词生义]bridge (常用义) n．桥梁　(文章义) v．弥合，连接 课后检测 能力达标 $